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Available in diamond open access at: https://libri.unimi.it/index.php/cisalpinestudies/catalog/book/140 The volume presents the outcomes of a research project directed by Maria Teresa Grassi on the vicus of Calvatone-Bedriacum. From... more
Available in diamond open access at: https://libri.unimi.it/index.php/cisalpinestudies/catalog/book/140

The volume presents the outcomes of a research project directed by Maria Teresa Grassi on the vicus of Calvatone-Bedriacum. From 2005 to 2013, the University of Milan investigated a sector of the Roman settlement, revealing the remains of a production complex situated between two residential areas. The chapters show the primary excavation evidence and highlight the most significant contexts and classes of materials for reconstructing the life and abandonment of a bakery from the 1st century AD. This is situated within the broader framework of the urban planning of the vicus and the population of the Cisalpine Gaul.
Il volume accoglie numerosi contributi, in larga parte inediti, sul popolamento antico di Verucchio e della Val Marecchia. Durante due seminari organizzati dall’Università di Pavia, dalle Soprintendenze emiliano-romagnole e dal Museo di... more
Il volume accoglie numerosi contributi, in larga parte inediti, sul popolamento antico di Verucchio e della Val Marecchia. Durante due seminari organizzati dall’Università di Pavia, dalle Soprintendenze emiliano-romagnole e dal Museo di Verucchio, dei quali questa pubblicazione rappresenta l’esito, sono stati resi noti i principali risultati di scoperte, scavi e analisi di materiali che forniscono una nuova base di dati per comprendere il ruolo di Verucchio e del suo territorio su scala sovra-regionale.
Vengono qui offerte sintesi territoriali e diacroniche di ampio respiro, analisi di progetti di ricognizione e strumenti di tutela, e studi dettagliati su contesti di scavo di abitato a San Leo, Rimini-Covignano e, soprattutto, sull’insediamento di Verucchio in località Pian del Monte, dove si susseguono fin dall’Ottocento scoperte e ricerche che, edite qui nel loro insieme per la prima volta, permettono di ricostruire la fisionomia dell’antico abitato dell’età del Ferro.
This volume offers the first comprehensive overview of the urbanisation processes that took place south and north of the Alps during the early first millennium BC, highlighting the interactions between the different geographical areas.... more
This volume offers the first comprehensive overview of the urbanisation processes that took place south and north of the Alps during the early first millennium BC, highlighting the interactions between the different geographical areas.
The 26 chapters included in this book provide a combination of theoretical and methodological insights into urbanisation processes, regional overviews, and up-to-date evidence from key archaeological sites. The latter comprise both well-established names such as the Heuneburg, Vix-Mont Lassois, Verucchio, Marzabotto, and Spina, as well as other sites that are less well-known but equally relevant for the understanding of centralisation processes during the Iron Age.
In particular, this volume brings together, for the first time, the rich archaeological evidence for urban and proto-urban sites in northern Italy, a region that has traditionally been neglected or underestimated in accounts on Iron Age urbanisation. Thus, the book transcends previous barriers in scholarship and helps to readdress one of the most attractive topics of current archaeological research: the multiple and non­linear pathways towards urbanisation.
La presenza umana tra l'Appennino e la valle del Po nel VI secolo a.C. ha costituito a lungo un «mal noto episodio», a causa dei caratteri elusivi delle sue testimonianze funerarie. I sepolcreti emiliani del periodo arcaico, emersi dal... more
La presenza umana tra l'Appennino e la valle del Po nel VI secolo a.C. ha costituito a lungo un «mal noto episodio», a causa dei caratteri elusivi delle sue testimonianze funerarie.
I sepolcreti emiliani del periodo arcaico, emersi dal terreno fin dalla seconda metà dell'Ottocento, avevano attirato l'attenzione di generazioni di paletnologi ed etruscologi, senza però essere stati oggetto di indagini sistematiche. La recente scoperta di nuovi nuclei di tombe, in occasione dei lavori per il tratto Alta Velocità Milano-Bologna, ha indotto a riconsiderare il problema nella sua interezza, impostando un catalogo di siti e corredi funerari. Il loro inquadramento complessivo ha poi offerto l'occasione per una discussione delle diverse tipologie di materiale, e per una più ampia riflessione sui modelli interpretativi storico-sociali.
ALLEGATI ON-LINE a volume 'Spina città liquida. Gli scavi 1977-1981 nell'abitato e i materiali tardo-arcaici e classici', Rahden 2016
Research Interests:
Atti del Convegno di Studi (Rivanazzano Terme, Casteggio, PV - 10-11 settembre 2021), a cura di Stefano Maggi, Manuela Battaglia, Lorenzo Zamboni
Flos Italiae 14  -- Documenti di archeologia della Cisalpina Romana
Il territorio del basso corso del Po era in epoca romana un ambiente difficile, dominato dalle acque e in costante mutamento. Il popolamento dell’area rappresentò una sfida per i Romani, e di questa sfida il volume ricostruisce le tracce... more
Il territorio del basso corso del Po era in epoca romana un ambiente difficile, dominato dalle acque e in costante mutamento. Il popolamento dell’area rappresentò una sfida per i Romani, e di questa sfida il volume ricostruisce le tracce attraverso le più recenti ricerche archeologiche e topografiche. Correlando le conoscenze – frutto di numerose campagne di scavo, attività di ricognizione e analisi di materiali condotte da Università, Soprintendenze e gruppi di volontariato, in particolare dal Gruppo Archeologico Ferrarese – emergono le soluzioni tecniche e i modelli economici e culturali con i quali i Romani si affermarono nelle impervie terre del Delta, oggi diviso tra Veneto ed Emilia Romagna, ma che due millenni anni fa era unitario e parte integrante del mondo “globalizzato” dell’epoca, quello dell’Impero di Roma.
In this paper I offer an overview of different trajectories of settlement nucleation and social complexity in the regions south of the Alps during late prehistory. Using cross-cultural studies and theoretical alternatives to hierarchical... more
In this paper I offer an overview of different trajectories of settlement nucleation and social complexity in the regions south of the Alps during late prehistory. Using cross-cultural studies and theoretical alternatives to hierarchical models, it is possible to reassess the regional developments of urban sites and social groups, highlighting cycles of urbanization and de-urbanization, as well as a surprising variability in economic and socio-political experiments. Cultural anthropology and comparative archaeology can provide conceptual tools – including collective actions, heterarchy, egalitarianism, anarchy – and material examples able to enhance our comprehension of multi-scalar phenomena, avoiding unilinear and reductionist views of the past.
Human interaction, group or individual mobility, and migration are once again becoming some of the most challenging and debated topics in prehistoric and protohistoric archaeology. The regions between the Mediterranean and Central... more
Human interaction, group or individual mobility, and migration are once again
becoming some of the most challenging and debated topics in prehistoric and
protohistoric archaeology. The regions between the Mediterranean and Central Europe
in the 1st millennium BC represent promising case studies, given the quantity and
variability of archaeological, environmental, and historical sources.
The 6th century BC in the central Po Plain is an intriguing and still underrated chapter in the history of pre-Roman Italy. In this region, sparse small cemeteries show some distinctive and puzzling cultural characteristics. This article... more
The 6th century BC in the central Po Plain is an intriguing and still underrated chapter in the history of pre-Roman Italy. In this region, sparse small cemeteries show some distinctive and puzzling cultural characteristics.
This article aims at addressing issues of social differentiation and self-representation, starting from a deconstructive critique not only of the culture historical tradition, but also of the concepts of ethnicity and identity
Recent excavations and theoretical advances have revealed evidence of an early and perhaps independent nucleation and centralization process in the region south of the Alps, a phenomenon that has been undervalued in previous studies. In... more
Recent excavations and theoretical advances have revealed evidence of an early and perhaps independent nucleation and centralization process in the region south of the Alps, a phenomenon that has been undervalued in previous studies. In this paper I present a broad overview and attempt to reassess the role of the Cisalpine regions as crossroads of trade and cultural transfer between the Mediterranean and central Europe through a critical evaluation of key archaeological evidence. I adopt alternative and up-to-date perspectives on the urbanization phenomenon, disentangling commonsensical and text-driven definitions of urbanism and social formation, while challenging the outdated "check-list" approach. This theoretical framework should promote a paradigm shift that leads to a substantial backdating and broadening of the appearance of complex site agglomerations in northern Italy, avoiding unidi-rectional development patterns and instead looking at possible cases of instability, ephemerality, and seasonality. The adoption of a comparative perspective triggers a timely disentanglement of the simplistic equation between urbanism and social hierarchy. Beyond a narrow and selective emphasis on elites, this paper considers alternative social entities and actions, including commoners, subaltern groups, and cooperation.
Metrological and trading systems in protohistoric Europe had long been addressed by archaeological and numismatic studies. More recently, international research projects are shedding new light on early currencies before the introduction... more
Metrological and trading systems in protohistoric Europe had long been addressed by archaeological and numismatic studies. More recently, international research projects are shedding new light on early currencies before the introduction of coins. The Po valley in northern Italy is at the crossroads between the Mediterranean and Central Europe and played a key role in the exchange of ideas and the development of innovative trading solutions.
Dedichiamo questo contributo a Raffaele de Marinis (1941-2023), indimenticato maestro e massimo esperto di protostoria dell'Italia settentrionale, con il quale avevamo discusso il progetto e che ci aveva incoraggiati a proseguire.... more
Dedichiamo questo contributo a Raffaele de Marinis (1941-2023), indimenticato maestro e massimo esperto di protostoria dell'Italia settentrionale, con il quale avevamo discusso il progetto e che ci aveva incoraggiati a proseguire.

"Agli albori dell’archeologia italiana nella seconda metà dell’800, l’incontro tra due pionieri come Gaetano Chierici e Pompeo Castelfranco vide nascere un rapporto di intensa collaborazione, sancito da sincera stima e amicizia. Entrambi, pur operando al di fuori dei ranghi dell’accademia, contribuirono più di altri all’elaborazione empirica di una metodologia d’avanguardia, dedicandosi allo stesso tempo alla divulgazione, tramite la costituzione di collezioni di materiali basate sui contesti. Dalla lettura del loro carteggio emergono l’appassionata condivisione di entusiasmi e speranze per quella materia che andavano costruendo, ma anche difficoltà, rivalità e frustrazioni."
La strettoia di Serravalle Scrivia rappresenta un punto di passaggio obbligato da e verso la Liguria, in grado di connettere, attraverso le principali vallate fluviali e i passi appenninici, la costa tirrenica con la pianura padana... more
La strettoia di Serravalle Scrivia rappresenta un punto di passaggio obbligato da e verso la Liguria, in grado di connettere, attraverso le principali vallate fluviali e i passi appenninici, la costa tirrenica con la pianura padana occidentale
A partire dal 1868, quando venne alla luce la prima tomba a S. Ilario d’Enza, iniziò un percorso che avrebbe portato alla scoperta e alla definizione dell’aspetto funerario di VI secolo a.C. in Emilia occidentale. Il presente contributo... more
A partire dal 1868, quando venne alla luce la prima tomba a S. Ilario d’Enza, iniziò un percorso che avrebbe portato alla scoperta e alla definizione dell’aspetto funerario di VI secolo a.C. in Emilia occidentale. Il presente contributo vuole enfatizzare la lucidità metodologica con cui Gaetano Chierici affrontò i problemi di ordine cronologico e culturale posti dai sepolcreti dell’età del ferro, da lui scavati e preservati con tecniche all’avanguardia.
Un recente riesame dell’intero aspetto culturale ha potuto infatti confermare, in ultima analisi, molte delle ‘felici intuizioni’ del primo – e per molti decenni ultimo – scienziato/umanista italiano.
Oltre alla definizione di una cronologia relativa, sostanzialmente corretta, Chierici abbozzò un’analisi culturale del popolo che seppelliva i propri morti nella pianura emiliana durante il periodo arcaico. Nonostante i vincoli della tradizione storico-letteraria e i metodi allora imperanti dell’antiquaria di stampo tardo-romantico, propongo in questo lavoro che Chierici abbia avvertito alcuni dei limiti dell’attribuzionismo etnico, pur senza rinunciarvi. Nel pensiero di questo padre della disciplina, come trapela dalle sue scritture pubbliche e private,e mergono molte delle contraddizioni e delle tensioni della società italiana della seconda metà dell’Ottocento, in cerca di una difficile sintesi tra fede e scienza, tra tradizioni letterarie e nuovi metodi di indagine, tra patriottismo e localismi.
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Sixth-century BC western Emilia was a complex and culturally mixed milieu, one where traditional ethnic labels and historical models are not sufficient to explain the complexities identified in the archaeological record.
Research Interests:
"In the VI century BC the Po Valley between rivers Trebbia and Panaro is considered the new frontier of Etruscan territorial expansion: beside to huts and rural villages characterized by Etruscan inscriptions and material culture,... more
"In the VI century BC the Po Valley between rivers Trebbia and Panaro is considered the new frontier of Etruscan territorial expansion: beside to huts and rural villages characterized by Etruscan inscriptions and material culture, funerary evidences offer a complex picture, with ritual and customs elements not easily classifiable. In the small cemeteries of this territory dominates biritual rite: inhumed subjects lie in simple pits (or in one case in a coffin made from a hollowed out tree trunk), while in the cremation graves, statistically dominant, the burnt bones are put inside a large impasto dolium together with remains of the funeral pyre and grave goods. The composition of grave goods is marked by a strong gender distinction: the graves of women, more numerous, show a varied repertoire of specific elements of decoration and costume (in particular belts closed with decorated bronze plates, fibulae, spoked wheel-shaped pendants), together with objects belonging to specific female activities, related to spinning and weaving. Males instead are buried with simple bracelets and an iron knife. Unusually, the accompanying pottery vessels are totally absent (except one case, male).
A comprehensive review of old findings and new excavations has allowed first to deepen typologies and chronology, second to speculate on interpretative models and theoretical problems: can we first assume the possibility of exogamous marriages between the newcomers and the neighboring populations, a phenomenon typical of a period of territorial expansion and formation of new social structures? On the other hand current scholarly debates put questions about modern paradigms speculate on interpretative models and theoretical problems: can we first assume the possibility of exogamous marriages between the newcomers and the neighboring populations, a phenomenon typical of a period of territorial expansion and formation of new social structures? On the other hand current scholarly debates put questions about modern paradigms."
This study concerns five iron age cemeteries, chronologically dated at the end of 7th-early 6th century BC and geographically located in western Emilia-Romagna (northern Italy), and aims to point out the ritual behaviors of these... more
This study concerns five iron age cemeteries, chronologically dated at the end of 7th-early 6th century BC and
geographically located in western Emilia-Romagna (northern Italy), and aims to point out the ritual behaviors of these
communities in the mortuary practices. The number of tombs is low in each site and the rite is significantly heterogeneous,
in terms of depositional aspects (inhumations and cremations), and of quantity of grave goods.
Research Interests:
In this paper we highlight some advances in archaeological research on the settlement of Spina, focusing on the period between the 4th and 3rd century BC. After crucial changing in the broadest political and economic scenario, the... more
In this paper we highlight some advances in archaeological research on the settlement of Spina, focusing on the period between the 4th and 3rd century BC. After crucial changing in the broadest political and economic scenario, the northern Adriatic trade hub of Spina tried to survive thanks to different adaptation strategies. Recent excavation trenches in the main settlement area discovered foundation layers of a large wooden palisade, as well as traces of burning and destruction, and the opening of new working areas. This paper focuses on dating materials, including black-gloss and grey pottery, overpainted and Gnathia ware, imported cooking pots, transport amphorae, and the so-called La Tène-style handmade ware. After the eventual abandonment of Spina, during the 3rd cent. BC, the Po Delta region is repopulated only during the Roman period with different economic models and population patterns.
In the last decade a new season of excavation and material studies has been carried out in the northern Adriatic hub of Spina. Among many novelties, we offer in this short report an anticipation of an ongoing research on production... more
In the last decade a new season of excavation and material studies has been carried out in the northern Adriatic hub of Spina. Among many novelties, we offer in this short report an anticipation of an ongoing research on production evidence and pottery workshops. A new classification of kiln firing supports is proposed, based on both new excavation data and studies on ’60 and ’70 discoveries. Furthermore, we address issues related to spatial distribution, diachronic evolution, quantification and technical characteristics of production findings from Spina.
Cooking is the vital process of rendering potential foodstuffs edible, accessible and appropriate both in biological and in socio‐cultural terms. Despite being too long neglected in archaeological studies, the food production processes... more
Cooking is the vital process of rendering potential foodstuffs edible, accessible and appropriate both in biological and in socio‐cultural terms. Despite being too long neglected in archaeological studies, the food production processes have left remains that make up a very large part of the archaeological record. The aim of this paper is to outline a scenario of the Greek‐style cooking vessels found along the western Mediterranean coasts between the Archaic and the Hellenistic period, namely within the main Etruscan and Greek ports of trade and wrecks, in order to highlight the cultural impact and the developments of this crucial aspect in the cultural and social life. The main object of the research is a particular cooking ware produced in Greece between the sixth century BCE and the Romanization, widespread all around the Mediterranean sea, consisting of handy and refractory vessels (named for example chytra, kakkabe, lopas, thyeia). The case‐study is the Adriatic hub of Spina (near Comacchio, Ferrara), founded by the Etruscans at the end of the 6th century BCE, and one of the main economic partners of Athens during the 5th until the middle 4th BCE. Ongoing multidisciplinary projects are trying to return the complex interaction between the local (i.e 'etruscan') culinary habits and the Greek culture, in terms of availability, preferences, economic choices, trough the adoption of multiple investigation methodologies including archaeology, archaeometry, archaeozoology, archaeobotany, biochemistry.
The precise location of the ancient Adriatic port of Spina was determined only in the late '50s, when dredging and land reclamation of Comacchio Valleys ran across large amounts of archaeological material and wooden structures. That was... more
The precise location of the ancient Adriatic port of Spina was determined only in the late '50s, when dredging and land reclamation of Comacchio Valleys ran across large amounts of archaeological material and wooden structures. That was how it came to light a part of the settlement founded by the Etruscan at the end of the Po river, celebrated in antiquity for its wealth and influence (consider only the maintenance of a Treasury building in the Panhellenic sanctuary of Delphi, see Strabo 5.1.7; 9.3.8). Ever since the first accidental discovery, many excavation campaigns were carried out by the Soprintendenza of Emilia Romagna and the Archaeological Museum of Ferrara from 1965 until the 80s. However, aside from some excavation reports and preliminary frameworks of certain classes of findings, few data were published. In 2010 I began a doctoral dissertation dedicated to the systematic review of a central sector of the settlement, explored between 1977 and 1981. In the monographic study (Zamboni 2015) I present almost all the categories of finds, both imports and local production, suggesting on the basis of the archive data their possible place of discovery.
The old excavations in the settlement of Spina were carried out with non stratigraphic methods - in the current sense of the term - but rather with artificial cuts (named also “mani”) inside trenches and squares. The archaeologists described in diaries the everyday finds more or less extensively, writing down (quite) similar and generic information on wooden cards of the original boxes (mainly the date and the name of the trench, sometimes the height readings etc.).
A key issue of my research has been to collect and semantically arrange this large amount of heterogeneous excavations data: in a dedicated IT (MS Access) new numeric and semantic entities were created (named ‘context’ or CTX). Groups of certain ‘contexts’ (per se single actions of excavation, post-excavation, or even a storage event) can be eventually combined into a ‘structure’, another conventional and working concept. As result example of this method, I present here some cases of “recontextualisation” of finds and structures not clearly understood before (such as a long and deep ditch filling mistaken for some kind of odd ‘sherds wall’). Finally, I consider new perspectives in chronological periodisation, medium and long range trade relations, and archaeological reconstruction of the city plan.
Since 2011, the University of Pavia has conducted a research project on the pre-Roman settlement of Verucchio, located in Pian del Monte della Baldissera. The project has yielded significant findings that have led to a reinterpretation of... more
Since 2011, the University of Pavia has conducted a research project on the pre-Roman settlement of Verucchio, located in Pian del Monte della Baldissera. The project has yielded significant findings that have led to a reinterpretation of the population of the protohistoric center, based on both excavation evidence
and material culture. The aim of this contribution is to provide an updated overview of the pottery productions that emerged from the Pavia excavations in the via Nanni area, in comparison to the neighboring sectors investigated in the 1960s and 1970s. The focus is on the local productions of the last phase of the site, in the 4th century BC. During this period, after a two-century-long abandonment, the former Villanovan site became prosperous once again.
The settlement seems to have been impacted by a short-term increase, as part of a larger reorganization of settlements along the Adriatic coast, which were dominated by the ports of Spina and Rimini. Along with the fine and grey wares, which display elaborations of Attic and Etruscan formal and decorative models, and the wheel-turned impasto, the handmade impasto is a significant indicator of the Middle Adriatic culture throughout the centuries.
Cette étude s’intéresse aux systèmes de fortification et d’enclos connus dans le nord-est de l’Italie au début de l’âge du Fer, et elle s’appuie principalement sur les données issues des fouilles menées à Verucchio par l’Université de... more
Cette étude s’intéresse aux systèmes de fortification et d’enclos connus dans le nord-est de l’Italie au début de l’âge du Fer, et elle s’appuie principalement sur les données issues des fouilles menées à Verucchio par l’Université de Pavie à partir de 2011.
Notre but est de souligner le rôle des fortifications et des enclos en tant qu’éléments clés pour identifier le processus d’urbanisation avant et pendant le premier âge du Fer au sud des Alpes.
This paper addresses the early-urbanisation phenomenon in north-eastern Italy, between the Final Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age periods (11th-7th centuries BCE), focusing on delimitation and perimeter structures as a key element of... more
This paper addresses the early-urbanisation phenomenon in north-eastern Italy, between the Final Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age periods (11th-7th centuries BCE), focusing on delimitation and perimeter structures as a key element of social and settlement changing. The Po Plain played a crucial role in the complex picture of urban civilisation phenomena, due to its position between the Mediterranean and central Europe, it has, however, been underrepresented in recent archaeological discourse. The main case-study of this paper is the site of Verucchio, where ongoing excavations are providing new evidences for the urban-like settlement, dating back to the 9th and 8th centuries BCE, including a wooden palisade and perimeter earthworks. This evidence will be compared to other data from relevant settlements of the southern-alpine region.
L’insediamento di Verucchio, sulle ultime propaggini dell’Appennino romagnolo alle spalle di Rimini, è un sito chiave della protostoria italiana. Pur nella brevità del suo periodo di massimo sviluppo, tra IX e VII secolo a.C., Verucchio... more
L’insediamento di Verucchio, sulle ultime propaggini dell’Appennino romagnolo alle spalle di Rimini, è un sito chiave della protostoria italiana. Pur nella brevità del suo periodo di massimo sviluppo, tra IX e VII secolo a.C., Verucchio ha infatti occupato una posizione nodale all'interno dei circuiti di scambio e di contatto tra Italia centrale e settentrionale, alto Adriatico ed Europa centrale. Dal punto di vista della ricerca  archeologica, inoltre, rappresenta un caso di studio particolarmente significativo per la comprensione di quella catena di fenomeni che porterà, lungo tutta la penisola italiana, proprio all'inizio del I millennio a.C. alla formazione di società verticali e a una precoce urbanizzazione.
The transition from the late Bronze Age to the early Iron Age in north-eastern Italy is marked by a general re-organisation of the population dynamics. After the decline of Frattesina, while large protourban sites of the venetian plain... more
The transition from the late Bronze Age to the early Iron Age in north-eastern Italy is marked by a general re-organisation of the population dynamics. After the decline of Frattesina, while large protourban sites of the venetian plain emerged, the new central-place of Verucchio took control of the Adriatic commercial routes connecting Central Italy to Temperate Europe.
However, the settlement of Verucchio remained rather overlooked to date, as archaeological research was more focused on the sumptuous grave goods from the surrounding cemeteries. To overcome this gap, a new project was carried out by the University of Pavia. The excavation in the Pian del Monte area thus provided new evidence of the 9th and early 8th century BC settlement, including a perimeter structure made of a moat, two ditches, and a palisade.
in "Digging Up Excavations. Processi di ricontestualizzazione di vecchi scavi. Esperienze, problemi, prospettive, Atti del seminario (Pavia, 15-16 gennaio 2015)"
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Even though multidisciplinary approaches are widely used for the investigation of archaeological findings, magnetic analyses are still little exploited and only rarely applied to the determination of ancient artefacts use. Here, we... more
Even though multidisciplinary approaches are widely used for the investigation of archaeological findings, magnetic analyses are still little exploited and only rarely applied to the determination of ancient artefacts use. Here, we present the results of a combined archaeological, morphological, and magnetic study carried out on the ring-shaped clay artefacts found in large quantities at the Iron Age site of Villa del Foro (Alessandria, Northern Italy). The shape and the significant number of such artefacts make their archaeometric investigation very interesting in order to understand the technological conditions of their production and use. A morphological investigation carried out on 640 fragments showed inhomogeneity in their dimensions, color, form, and clay refinement. Magnetic measurements show thermal stability after heat treatment up to around 500–600 °C, while further heating at higher temperature introduces some magnetic mineralogy changes. Thermal demagnetization of the samples generally shows a strong and stable thermal remanent magnetization. In few cases, a clear secondary component is present, suggesting partial re-heating or displacement at temperatures ranging from 200 to 450 °C. The results obtained indicate that the investigated ring-shaped artefacts were baked during their manufacture at temperatures of at least 600 °C. The archaeomagnetic investigation does not show any systematic evidence for magnetic components related to cooking activities and it is therefore suggested that the rings were used as weight looms and baked only during their production procedures. Such pilot study can be used as reference for the identification and study of similar objects found in other archaeological sites worldwide.
The text describes the history of the study and the current state of the art on the archaeology of Calvatone. It covers the urban layout of the site, our understanding of the imperial age domus, and the early evidence of the settlement... more
The text describes the history of the study and the current state of the art on the archaeology of Calvatone. It covers the urban layout of the site, our understanding of the imperial age domus, and the early evidence of the settlement before the establishment of the bakery workshop. The volume mainly focuses on the baker’s production structures and breadmaking in Bedriacum, providing unpublished insights into excavation evidence and material assemblages, including millstones and ovens. The workshop can be dated to the first few decades of the 1st century AD and ceased by the end of the century.
A geophysical survey campaign was recently carried out in the Roman settlement of Calvatone, Costa di S. Andrea (Cremo-na, Italy), traditionally identified with the ancient vicus of Bedriacum. The research was conducted by the University... more
A geophysical survey campaign was recently carried out in the Roman settlement of Calvatone, Costa di S. Andrea (Cremo-na, Italy), traditionally identified with the ancient vicus of Bedriacum. The research was conducted by the University of Milan and the company Geocarta (Paris), in collaboration with the CNRS. Two complementary methods were used, magnetometry and electrical resistivity. The preliminary results provide fresh data for the elaboration of a new archaeological map of the site and the surrounding area, through the identification of an articulated series of geophysical anomalies. The evidence allows us to rethink the urban layout of the Roman small town, addressing new issues on the site’s geomorphology and its relationship with the landscape. However, it remains difficult to identify precisely the nature and chronology of some of these anomalies, as they need to be integrated with complementary analyses and tested by excavation trenches.
Decorated coarse ware represents an underestimated and yet a key aspect for deciphering the complexity of cultural interactions in central Cisalpine regions (i.e., eastern Piedmont, Lombardy, Emilia, and western Veneto). The period... more
Decorated coarse ware represents an underestimated and yet a key aspect for deciphering the complexity of cultural interactions in central Cisalpine regions (i.e., eastern Piedmont, Lombardy, Emilia, and western Veneto). The period addressed is the second half of the 1 st millennium BC to the early imperial age when the Po valley is a mosaic of cultures and social actors on the move, and whose material culture challenges traditional interpretative categories. The aim of this paper is to discuss some technical and theoretical issues related to a specific class of coarse ware. This pottery, handmade or manufactured on the slow potter's wheel, is decorated with styles and techniques influenced by non-local neighbouring cultures (e.g., Liguria, Central Europe), showing a super-regional and hybridized cultural aspect.
Presentazione del volume dedicato agli insediamenti rurali della Cisalpina occidentale.
A partire dal 2010 lo scavo stratigrafico di un edificio rustico nelle campagne di Alberone di Ro, in provincia di Ferrara, dopo un’attenta attività di survey, consente di gettare nuova luce sul popolamento di età romana del territorio... more
A partire dal 2010 lo scavo stratigrafico di un edificio rustico nelle campagne di Alberone di Ro, in provincia di Ferrara, dopo un’attenta attività di survey, consente di gettare nuova luce sul popolamento di età romana del territorio immediatamente a ridosso dell’area deltizia del Po, fino ad oggi considerato estraneo ad una strutturata occupazione antropica in età romana.  L’indagine, inserita in un più ampio progetto che intende rivolgersi all’area a sud del Po compresa in età romana tra i grandi centri di Adria a nord e di Ravenna/Classe a sud, non distante da realtà importanti come quel Vicus Habentia, nel quale si concentra la gestione dei saltus di proprietà imperiale, sta consentendo di acquisire nuovi interessanti dati su alcune produzioni di ceramica generalmente localizzate nelle valle del Po e sulla loro circolazione. Di particolare interesse risultano i recuperi di vetri che insieme ad altri rinvenimenti sono indizio della presenza nell’edificio di una cosiddetta pars urbana.
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Recent approaches to the study of past funerary rites have usually rejected any simplistic equivalence between social structure and funerary representation, as well as between funerary complexity and social complexity. Despite theoretical... more
Recent approaches to the study of past funerary rites have usually rejected any simplistic equivalence between social structure and funerary representation, as well as between funerary complexity and social complexity. Despite theoretical advancements in funerary archaeology, until recently poor and marginal tombs were often disregarded in favor of richer tombs displaying more sophisticated burial practices, or were simply attributed to low-ranking individuals or socio-cultural outsiders , with little consideration paid to the different nuances of the funerary record. In this article, we outline a research initiative which aims to provide a systematic investigation of social diversity and social marginality in protohistoric Italy, with particular attention to Veneto and Trentino South-Tyrol (" IN or OUT " project: Phases 1 and 2). Riassunto Recenti approcci allo studio degli antichi riti funerari generalmente respingono ogni generica corrispondenza tra struttura sociale e rappresentazione funeraria, così come tra la complessità funeraria e quella sociale. Fino a poco tempo fa, le sepolture povere e/o marginali erano trascu-rate rispetto a quelle più ricche che mostravano sofisticate pratiche rituali di seppellimento, ed erano comunemente attribuite a personalità di basso rango o a soggetti socialmente e cultural-mente estranei, talvolta con scarsa attenzione per le complesse sfumature del record archeolo-gico e dei suoi significati. In questo contributo proponiamo un'analisi sistematica della marginalità e della diversità sociale nell'Italia protostorica (progetto " IN or OUT "). L'elaborazione di dati funerari raccolti in Veneto ed in Trentino Alto Adige ha permesso di propor-re alcune osservazioni sull'organizzazione sociale delle comunità che abitavano queste regioni nell'età del Bronzo e del Ferro (" IN or OUT " fasi 1 e 2).
This report presents the preliminary results of the ‘‘IN or OUT’’ Project, a collaborative, interdisciplinary effort which aims to investigate social exclusion, marginality and the adoption of anomalous funerary rites in late prehistoric... more
This report presents the preliminary results of the ‘‘IN or OUT’’ Project, a collaborative, interdisciplinary effort which aims to investigate social exclusion, marginality and the adoption of anomalous funerary rites in late prehistoric Italy. In particular, this contribution explores the incidence and meaning of practices of ritual marginalisation and funerary deviancy in the region of Veneto between the Bronze Age and the early Iron Age period.
Tra le innumerevoli accezioni e chiavi di lettura, lo spazio rappresenta, per l’antropologia, uno degli aspetti più considerevoli per comprendere le culture che ci si presta ad analizzare: dal modo in cui è organizzato in funzione delle... more
Tra le innumerevoli accezioni e chiavi di lettura, lo spazio rappresenta, per l’antropologia, uno degli aspetti più considerevoli per comprendere le culture che ci si presta ad analizzare: dal modo in cui è organizzato in funzione delle relazioni – ad esempio come ci collochiamo nello spazio col nostro corpo, come lo insediamo con le nostre azioni o che distanza teniamo quando comunichiamo con le altre persone –, al modo in cui traspone i valori di riferimento e accoglie e/o viene modificato
per lo svolgimento delle attività quotidiane. Il concetto di spazio ha, del resto, avuto un ruolo decisivo nell’orientare la riflessione antropologica e, soprattutto, nel plasmare il concetto stesso di cultura.
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In this paper I offer an overview of different trajectories of settlement nucleation and social complexity in the regions south of the Alps during late prehistory. Using cross-cultural studies and theoretical alternatives to hierarchical... more
In this paper I offer an overview of different trajectories of settlement nucleation and social complexity in the regions south of the Alps during late prehistory. Using cross-cultural studies and theoretical alternatives to hierarchical models, it is possible to reassess the regional developments of urban sites and social groups, highlighting cycles of urbanization and de-urbanization, as well as a surprising variability in economic and socio-political experiments. Cultural anthropology and comparative archaeology can provide conceptual tools-including collective actions, heterarchy, egalitarianism, anarchy-and material examples able to enhance our comprehension of multi-scalar phenomena, avoiding unilinear and reductionist views of the past.
This paper offers a critical overview of the Spina international research project started in 2005, evaluating the main results and recent relevant literature. The focus is mainly on the settlement area, where excavations and material... more
This paper offers a critical overview of the Spina international research project started in 2005, evaluating the main results and recent relevant literature. The focus is mainly on the settlement area, where excavations and material studies have changed our understanding of the urban layout, the technological building strategies, and cultural interaction in daily life. A scrutiny of outcomes and uncompleted tasks leads to general thoughts on further research agenda.
Agli albori dell’archeologia italiana nella seconda metà dell’800, l’incontro tra due pionieri come Gaetano Chierici e Pompeo Castelfranco vide nascere un rapporto di intensa collaborazione, sancito da sincera stima e amicizia. Entrambi,... more
Agli albori dell’archeologia italiana nella seconda metà dell’800, l’incontro tra due pionieri come Gaetano Chierici e Pompeo Castelfranco vide nascere un rapporto di intensa collaborazione, sancito da sincera stima e amicizia. Entrambi, pur operando al di fuori dei ranghi dell’accademia, contribuirono più di altri all’elaborazione empirica di una metodologia d’avanguardia, dedicandosi allo stesso tempo alla divulgazione, tramite la costituzione di collezioni di materiali basate sui contesti. Dalla lettura del loro carteggio emergono l’appassionata condivisione di entusiasmi e speranze per quella materia che andavano costruendo, ma anche difficoltà, rivalità e frustrazioni.

“I would sow ten peers like you between the Alps and the Apennines...” Pompeo Castelfranco and Gaetano Chierici, two independent pioneers between early collections and the methodological setting

The birth of scientific archaeology in 19th century Italy was occasionally
favoured by the friendly collaboration between pioneers. This paper addresses
the fellowship between Gaetano Chierici and Pompeo Castelfranco, both leading
independent scholars who have greatly contributed to the early development of
an advanced methodological approach. They have been involved, at the same
time, in education and dissemination, mainly through the foundation of museum
collections in Reggio Emilia and Milan. Their correspondence offers a glimpse
of their carriers and lives dotted with enthusiasm, hopes, but also obstacles and
frustrations.
Draft version of a brief overview of the so-called 'La Tène-style' pottery from present-day Emilia, province of Modena. Originally presented as a poster in 'Celti d'Italia', Rome 2010.

[Paper submitted in 2011; draft received in 2012]
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Over the last two decades, archaeological research has made notable advances in the area of ancient food preparation and consumption, integrating pottery analysis with chemical, faunal and archaeobotanical investigations. In this paper we... more
Over the last two decades, archaeological research has made notable advances in the area of ancient food preparation and consumption, integrating pottery analysis with chemical, faunal and archaeobotanical investigations. In this paper we shall focus on a particular set of cooking devices of Greek origin that hold great significance in the Western Mediterranean region during the 1st millennium BCE.
A basic and standardized set of culinary vessels and utensils, including portable charcoal basins and cookers, has transformed food processing traditions in the Mediterranean region from the 6th century BCE onwards. This led to the diffusion of novel recipes and eating practices.
Our paper aims to explore the ways in which the emergence of a sort of ‘haute cusine’ interacted with local traditions in Italic, Etruscan, and Western Greek settlements through processes of interaction, acculturation, adaptation, and imitation.
We present a range of case-studies that provide fresh data on context-based assemblages of cooking sets, including key sites from Etruria Padana, Southern Italy and Sicily. The cultural and social elements will be given special consideration, as imported cooking vessels and their replicas are frequently connected with mobility and changing identities of both individuals and larger groups.
This workshop provides the first supraregional overview of belt elements (such as hooks and plates) during the 1st millennium BCE from Iberia to northern Italy, via southern France. The aim is to suggest new scenarios on the production... more
This workshop provides the first supraregional overview of belt elements (such as hooks and plates) during the 1st millennium BCE from Iberia to northern Italy, via southern France.
The aim is to suggest new scenarios on the production and usage of these objects. To achieve this, an interdisciplinary and critical approach will be adopted using anthropological, social, and cultural methodologies.
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Prima giornata di studi in memoria di Luca Restelli
18 novembre 2023 ore 14:00
Sala Consiliare del Comune di Palazzo Pignano
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Since the good old days of antiquarianism a larger part of archaeological research has been traditionally attracted by luxury items, shiny metal objects, and anything just looking precious, pretty or prestigious. The time has come to gaze... more
Since the good old days of antiquarianism a larger part of archaeological research has been traditionally attracted by luxury items, shiny metal objects, and anything just looking precious, pretty or prestigious.
The time has come to gaze upon something far less appealing, but rather unexplored and with remarkable informative potential: the hideous and cheap domestic ware, locally produced by the uncultured tribes of barbaric Europe to gobble up their broths and fermented beverages!
This conference addresses a group of domestic pottery classes characterised by handmade or throwing manufacture, low firing temperatures and a spectrum of decorations including incisions, fingernail impressions and plastic techniques.
Similar pots with recurrent decorations are known in northern Italy, in France and in central Europe and is traditionally linked with the spread of the La Tène culture, until (and beyond!) the so-called 'Romanization' process.
La ceramica d'impasto decorata, un'ampia classe di materiali diffusa in Italia settentrionale tra la media età del Ferro e la prima età imperiale, i cui caratteri sono ancora in via di definizione, rappresenta un caso di studio... more
La ceramica d'impasto decorata, un'ampia classe di materiali diffusa in Italia settentrionale tra la media età del Ferro e la prima età imperiale, i cui caratteri sono ancora in via di definizione, rappresenta un caso di studio privilegiato per decostruire in una prospettiva postcoloniale le tradizionali narrazioni dell'archeologia storico-culturale.
In questo intervento verranno richiamati alcuni contesti transpadani e cispadani editi, inclusi il Piacentino e la Val Tidone, che in una chiave di lettura comparativa possono fornire spunti di riflessione su fenomeni culturali di interazione e métissage tra popolazioni e attori sociali del passato, al di là degli angusti confini imposti da pregiudizi identitari ed etnici
Session 1. The material expression of power Communities choose, at times, to display their wealth, power, or control over different territories, through monumental architecture and other landscape markers (ramparts, sanctuaries and other... more
Session 1. The material expression of power
Communities choose, at times, to display their wealth, power, or control
over different territories, through monumental architecture and other
landscape markers (ramparts, sanctuaries and other public structures,
places for gathering and feasting, tombs, and statues etc.)
Cultura di Golasecca: due secoli di upload.
Per un omaggio a Pompeo Castelfranco
21 novembre 2021, Golasecca
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Convegno di Studi
Rivanazzano Terme/Casteggio 10-11 settembre 2021
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This paper focuses on the complex cultural and trading network of northwest Italy, exploring the nuanced relations between the Golasecca culture, its neighbouring regions (Southern Piedmont, Liguria, southern Switzerland), and the... more
This paper focuses on the complex cultural and trading network of northwest Italy, exploring the nuanced relations between the Golasecca culture, its neighbouring regions (Southern Piedmont, Liguria, southern Switzerland), and the so-called ‘etruscan’ population of the Emilian Po valley.
In this study, we present the results of a combined archaeological, morphological and magnetic analyses applied on the ring-shape clay artefacts found at the archaeological site of Villa del Foro, in Northern Italy (6th-5th c. BC). To... more
In this study, we present the results of a combined archaeological, morphological and magnetic analyses applied on the ring-shape clay artefacts found at the archaeological site of Villa del Foro, in Northern Italy (6th-5th c. BC). To investigate their thermal history and to exploit their possible use as kiln supports, cooking stands, or loom weights, we have investigated their natural remanent magnetization (NRM) and the magnetic mineralogy changes occurred during laboratory heating.
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The Iron Age south of the Alps provides evidence of increasing interaction and complexity, involving early urbanism, social stratification and differentiation, and the explosion of a wide network of middle and long-distance trade. Within... more
The Iron Age south of the Alps provides evidence of increasing interaction and complexity, involving early urbanism, social stratification and differentiation, and the explosion of a wide network of middle and long-distance trade. Within this framework, individual and group mobility appears as a key phenomenon. Since previous theories have suggested that women from the ‘Golasecca’ culture were married to men across the Alpine arch, in order to consolidate commercial and political relations, a comprehensive study is still missing. The aim of this paper is to critically review traditional markers and approaches applied to the identification of human mobility in the Iron Age, addressing theoretical issues over the concepts of human movement, ethnic identity, and cultural métissage. Starting from recent studies on the diffusion of ‘Golasecca’-type objects (Cicolani 2017), and on the mixed population of the Po valley (Zamboni 2018), we will compare the available archaeological and archaeometric data (including settlement patterns, and isotopes analyses from funerary context). The final goal is to outline cultural and costume profiles of the displaced individuals, questioning the role of women and men born or grown in the regions south of the Alps may have played in the broader context of European technoeconomic interactions.
The Iron Age south of the Alps provides evidence of increasing interaction and complexity, involving early urbanism, social stratification and differentiation, and the explosion of a wide network of middle and long-distance trade. Within... more
The Iron Age south of the Alps provides evidence of increasing interaction and complexity, involving early urbanism, social stratification and differentiation, and the explosion of a wide network of middle and long-distance trade.
Within this framework, individual and group mobility appears as a key phenomenon. Since previous theories have suggested that women from the ‘Golasecca’ culture were married to men across the Alpine arch, in order to consolidate commercial and political relations, a comprehensive study is still missing.
The aim of this paper is to critically review traditional markers and approaches applied to the identification of human mobility in the Iron Age, addressing theoretical issues over the concepts of human movement, ethnic identity, and cultural métissage. Starting from recent studies on the diffusion of ‘Golasecca’-type objects (Cicolani 2017), and on the mixed population of the Po valley (Zamboni 2018), we will compare the available archaeological and archaeometric data (including settlement patterns, and isotopes analyses from funerary context). The final goal is to outline cultural and costume profiles of the displaced individuals, questioning the role of women and men born or grown in the regions south of the Alps may have played in the broader context of European technoeconomic interactions.
Il progetto di ricerca che dal 2011 l’Università di Pavia conduce sull’abitato preromano di Verucchio, sito in località Pian del Monte della Baldissera, sta producendo novità rilevanti agli effetti di una rilettura del popolamento del... more
Il progetto di ricerca che dal 2011 l’Università di Pavia conduce sull’abitato preromano di Verucchio, sito in località Pian del Monte della Baldissera, sta producendo novità rilevanti agli effetti di una rilettura del popolamento del centro protostorico, sul duplice piano dell’evidenza di scavo e dei caratteri della cultura materiale.
L’intervento qui proposto vuol offrire una panoramica aggiornata delle produzioni ceramiche emerse dagli scavi pavesi nell’area di via Nanni, messe a confronto coi settori limitrofi indagati negli anni ’60 e ’70 del secolo scorso. Verranno illustrate soprattutto le produzioni locali dell’ultima fase di esistenza dell’abitato, nel IV secolo a.C., quando, dopo un sostanziale abbandono durato due secoli, l’areale di quello che era stato un ricco insediamento del periodo villanoviano appare interessato da una breve ed effimera ripresa, entro un generale riassetto del popolamento che s’orienta verso la costa adriatica, dominata dagli scali di Spina e di Rimini.
Oltre alle ceramiche fini, depurata e grigia, che presentano interessanti rielaborazioni di modelli formali e decorativi attici ed etruschi, e all’impasto tornito, desta particolare interesse l’evidenza dell’impasto non tornito, marker decisivo della cultura medio-adriatica attraverso i secoli.
Il ruolo di Gaetano Chierici nello scoprire e valorizzare i resti funerari dell’età del Ferro emiliani è un fatto acclarato. A partire dal 1868, anno in cui viene alla luce la prima tomba a S. Ilario d’Enza, il pioniere della paletnologia... more
Il ruolo di Gaetano Chierici nello scoprire e valorizzare i resti funerari dell’età del Ferro emiliani è un fatto acclarato. A partire dal 1868, anno in cui viene alla luce la prima tomba a S. Ilario d’Enza, il pioniere della paletnologia italiana iniziò infatti una feconda stagione di scoperte e scavi, condotti con una tecnica all’avanguardia a livello europeo.
Il presente contributo vuole enfatizzare la lucidità metodologica e l’indipendenza intellettuale con i quali Chierici affrontò l’inquadramento cronologico e culturale dei sepolcreti reggiani: i parallelismi e le differenze con Bologna, il confronto con i contesti transpadani, e, soprattutto, l’ammirevole prudenza con cui sospese la questione dell’attribuzione etnica.
Un recente riesame dell’intero aspetto culturale (Sepolture arcaiche della pianura emiliana, Roma 2018) non ha fatto altro che confermare, in ultima analisi, le “felici intuizioni” del primo – e poi molti decenni ultimo – scienziato/umanista italiano.
Cette conférence portera sur les structures de fortification et de délimitation du Nord-Est de l’Italie durant le premier âge du Fer (Xème-VIIème siècle av. J.-C.), en tant qu’éléments essentiels du phénomène d’urbanisation. L’étude de... more
Cette conférence portera sur les structures de fortification et de délimitation du Nord-Est de l’Italie durant le premier âge du Fer (Xème-VIIème siècle av. J.-C.), en tant qu’éléments essentiels du phénomène d’urbanisation.
L’étude de cas principale est le site de Verucchio (Rimini), où de nouvelles excavations menées par l’Université de Pavia ont changé notre perception de cette importante ville villanovienne.
Une série de structures de délimitation, notamment des palissades en bois, des fossés et des remparts ont été documentés dans le hameau de Pian del Monte. Cette série de vestiges est fortement liée à la première phase du processus d’urbanisation du site, entre l’âge du Bronze final et le premier âge du Fer, quand la colline fut choisie comme chef-lieu de la région.
Les évidences de Verucchio seront comparées avec celles d’autres centres proto-urbains de la Vallée du Po, territoire ayant joué un rôle-clé dans les échanges entre l’Europe centrale et la région méditerranéenne.
Dans cette perspective, nous évoquerons également le rôle des structures de délimitation comme monuments d’autoreprésentation de l’aristocratie émergeant pendant l’âge du Fer, en mettant en lumière des possibles interactions avec d’autres catégories, comme les fonctions domestiques ou l’ostentation des ensembles funéraires.
La fama di Verucchio e della Valmarecchia è principalmente legata alle eccezionali necropoli della prima età del Ferro e alle residenze malatestiane. Recenti ricerche stanno invece restituendo la complessità e il ruolo strategico di... more
La fama di Verucchio e della Valmarecchia è principalmente legata alle eccezionali necropoli della prima età del Ferro e alle residenze malatestiane. 
Recenti ricerche stanno invece restituendo la complessità e il ruolo strategico di questo territorio.
Due appuntamenti di studio,  ospitati a Pavia nel 2017, e a Verucchio nel 2018, contribuiscono a fornire dati inediti sugli insediamenti e sui modelli abitativi, sia recuperando dati da vecchi scavi, sia offendo evidenze di indagini multidisciplinari in corso.
The Iron Age in Europe is a crucial period characterised by an increase in social complexity, urbanisation processes, importance of long-distance trading networks and the appearance of written sources. Intensive interaction between... more
The Iron Age in Europe is a crucial period characterised by an increase in social complexity, urbanisation processes, importance of long-distance trading networks and the appearance of written sources. Intensive interaction between socio-cultural groups seems to be a fundamental component of these processes.
“Interaction” is here seen in its broadest sense involving phenomena such as migration, trade, spreading of technologies, religious and funerary practice, art, inter-cultural encounters or conflict, in order to grasp, as far as possible, the full range of socio-cultural implications of interaction between individual social groups.
The session aims to challenge the traditional perception of evidence for interaction, generally driven by traditional, ‘national’ approaches or specific research schools. Nevertheless, it is precisely the diversity of European archaeological approaches that can act as a stimulus for the evaluation and interpretation of the wide diversity of evidence relating to past interaction.
The session particularly welcomes contributions dealing with archaeological approaches to interaction from European Iron Age contexts. We encourage papers dealing either with theoretical concepts of interaction of various sorts, or methodological studies focused on, for example, mobility, analysis of provenance, socio-economic networks, etc. This will allow us to compare and discuss different traditions of study and methodological approaches, so as to explore alternative ways of interpreting the archaeological data. The aim is also to stimulate cooperation between researchers encouraging networking and knowledge sharing.
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The 6th century BCE in the middle Po plain, in the present-day regions of eastern Lombardy and western Emilia, is still an obscure chapter in the history of pre-Roman Italy. The main problematic features are: (a) a typical female funerary... more
The 6th century BCE in the middle Po plain, in the present-day regions of eastern Lombardy and western Emilia, is still an obscure chapter in the history of pre-Roman Italy.
The main problematic features are: (a) a typical female funerary costume, with bronze items mainly influenced by the surrounding cultures of Golasecca, Liguria, Veneto and Hallstatt; (b) the exclusion of weapons in male graves, which, however, are extremely poor and under-represented; (c) the complete absence of pottery in the grave goods of the entire region; (d) the displacement of uncommon ritual activities outside the cemeteries.
Despite this anomalous evidence and the lack of emic sources, written or epigraphical, a culture- historical approach traditionally refers this culture to the Etruscans, even imagining episodes of colonization and political domain.
Thanks to ongoing research, based on a comprehensive review of the funerary record of the 6th cent BC in western Emilia, it is now possible to overcome the common picture of this frontier region, questioning the uncritical use of concepts such as ethnicity and identity in archeology, trying rather to address issues of social differentiation (gender, age, hierarchy), and looking for different degrees of ‘recognition’ (in the sense proposed by Paul Ricoeur and cultural anthropology).
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This talk addresses the proto-urbanization phenomenon in north-eastern Italy, during the first stages of Iron Age (10th-7th BCE), focusing on the delimitation and boundary structures as a key element of social and settlement evolutions.... more
This talk addresses the proto-urbanization phenomenon in north-eastern Italy, during the first stages of Iron Age (10th-7th BCE), focusing on the delimitation and boundary structures as a key element of social and settlement evolutions.
The main case-study is the Iron Age site of Verucchio (Rimini), where an ongoing excavation is showing new evidences of the proto-urban settlement, dating back to the late 10th and 8th cent. BCE. Unpublished data, especially related to wooden fences and other earthworks, contextualize these boundary structures into the unfolding of the proto-urban process formation.
These evidences will be compared to other data from relevant proto-urban settlements of the south-alpine region. In a wider perspective, the Po plain played a key role in the complex picture of urban civilisation phenomenon, for its crossroads position between the Mediterranean and Central Europe., albeit underrepresented in recent archaeological frameworks.
In this perspective, the role of delimitation structures as monuments of self-representation of the emerging aristocratic elites will be approached, highlighting possible interactions with other archaeological categories, such as domestic architecture and burial display.
Nell’ultimo decennio è stata avviata una nuova fase di studi per il popolamento del delta del Po in epoca classica ed ellenistica, grazie sia alla ripresa di indagini sul campo che a pubblicazioni di contesti inediti (REUSSER et al. 2011;... more
Nell’ultimo decennio è stata avviata una nuova fase di studi per il popolamento del delta del Po in epoca classica ed ellenistica, grazie sia alla ripresa di indagini sul campo che a pubblicazioni di contesti inediti (REUSSER et al. 2011; CORNELIO-GIANNINI-MALNATI 2013; Atti Bologna 2016; ZAMBONI 2016; Atti Zürich c.s.). Le principali novità interessano soprattutto la delicata fase di transizione culturale tra il periodo etrusco e la conquista romana del territorio, tra IV e I secolo a.C.
Questo intervento vuole offrire una sintesi dei più rilevanti avanzamenti della ricerca archeologica e storica riguardo le problematiche successive al declino dell’Etruria padana. L’insediamento di Spina fornisce in particolare un importante esempio di sopravvivenza culturale perseguita attraverso strategie di adattamento ad un repentino cambio di scenario politico ed economico, successivo ai noti eventi della calata gallica del 388 a.C., delle mire espansionistiche di Siracusa in Adriatico e dell’espansionismo romano a partire dal III sec. a.C.
Recenti scavi in alcuni settori dell’abitato, condotti da istituti di ricerca e coordinati dalla Soprintendenza, letti in parallelo con i dati delle necropoli, consentono ora di avvalorare alcune ipotesi riguardo i principali mutamenti socio-culturali avvenuti a partire dal IV secolo a.C., tra i quali la maggiore visibilità di alcune compagini sociali, cambiamenti negli stili di vita e nelle pratiche del quotidiano, fino agli esiti materiali di mutati interessi commerciali. Da questo punto di vista, alcune classi di reperti (tra cui ceramiche a vernice nera, grigia, ‘alto-adriatica’, etrusca sovraddipinta, tipo Gnathia, tipo La-Tène, etc.) provenienti da contesti ancora inediti dell’abitato, appaiono indicatori privilegiati per dettagliare l’evoluzione diacronica di questi fenomeni.
Da sottolineare anche come recenti evidenze di scavo sembrano fornire indizi potenzialmente rilevanti sulla fine della città, tradizionalmente ascritta a episodi di violenza bellica.
Dopo la repentina scomparsa dell’opulente emporio, dal II sec. a.C. il Delta mostra segni di rivitalizzazione, con un tipo di sfruttamento del territorio ormai allineato ai modelli romani.
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Si renderà conto della strategia di ricerca sul campo adottata nelle cinque campagne archeologiche condotte dall'Università di Pavia, fra il 2011 e il 2015 (la prima di prospezioni geofisiche, affidate alla Fondazione Lerici; le quattro... more
Si renderà conto della strategia di ricerca sul campo adottata nelle cinque campagne
archeologiche condotte dall'Università di Pavia, fra il 2011 e il 2015 (la prima di prospezioni
geofisiche, affidate alla Fondazione Lerici; le quattro successive di scavo), al Pian del Monte di
Verucchio (Rimini). L'indagine si è concentrata, in particolare, nell'area demaniale della cosiddetta
Casa Etrusca, ampio edificio in muratura a portico e cortile, messo in luce da Gino Vinicio Gentili e
Sergio Sani nel 1970. La modalità di scavo abituale in quegli anni, consistente nello sterro
sistematico dei soli muri di fondazione teso alla definizione planimetrica della struttura esplorata,
aveva fortunatamente risparmiato, in gran parte dell'interno dei vani, il ricco deposito della prima
età del Ferro immediatamente sottostante. Si è potuta così recuperare, in concreta evidenza
stratigrafica, la sequenza dell'abitato di capanne villanoviano (fine del IX - prima metà del VII
secolo a.C.) e della cd. Casa Etrusca (ora datata nel IV), a conferma dello iato di VI-V secolo
testimoniato anche dalla documentazione necropolare.
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SCAVARE GLI SCAVI. PROCESSI DI RICONTESTUALIZZAZIONE DI ‘VECCHI’ SCAVI. ESPERIENZE, PROBLEMI, PROSPETTIVE Il seminario del Collegio Ghislieri, che raccoglie – in forma di comunicazione o poster – poco meno di una trentina di contributi... more
SCAVARE GLI SCAVI. PROCESSI DI RICONTESTUALIZZAZIONE DI ‘VECCHI’ SCAVI. ESPERIENZE, PROBLEMI, PROSPETTIVE
Il seminario del Collegio Ghislieri, che raccoglie – in forma di comunicazione o poster – poco meno di una trentina di contributi di giovani studiosi, generalmente dottorandi o neodottori di ricerca e comunque in fase starting di carriera, vuol portare l’attenzione sugli specifici problemi metodologici inerenti alla rilettura interpretativa della documentazione di scavi archeologici condotti in un passato più o meno lontano (dal XIX secolo fino agli anni Settanta del XX) e, in taluni casi, alla loro odierna riapertura sul campo. Senza pregiudiziali cronologiche né geoculturali, la prospettiva dell’esemplificazione si dilata dalla preistoria all’alto medioevo, dalla Penisola Italiana all’Egeo al Vicino Oriente, dalla civiltà classica a quella islamica.
Serravalle Scrivia, Sala consigliare. Venerdì 14 giugno 2024, dalle ore 15.00 Presentazione del progetto inserito nel Bando “Storia e memoria 2022”, finanziato dal Comune di Serravalle Scrivia e dalla Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di... more
Serravalle Scrivia, Sala consigliare. Venerdì 14 giugno 2024, dalle ore 15.00

Presentazione del progetto inserito nel Bando “Storia e memoria 2022”, finanziato dal Comune di Serravalle Scrivia e dalla Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Alessandria
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Ciclo di conferenze "Luca Restelli" , 2024
Dieci appuntamenti in musei e luoghi della cultura della provincia di Cremona, tra maggio e novembre, dedicati all'archeologia, alla storia e al paesaggio della pianura lombarda orientale.
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Guest lectures - MA Course in Comparative Urbanism and Archaeology, University of Milan
https://www.unimi.it/it/corsi/insegnamenti-dei-corsi-di-laurea/2024/urbanistica-e-archeologia
Ciclo di Seminari nell'ambito del corso di Archeologia della Cisalpina romana
Scuola di Specializzazione in Beni Archeologici a.a. 2023/2024
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Quattordici appuntamenti in sei musei e luoghi della cultura della provincia di Cremona, tra aprile e novembre, dedicati all'archeologia, alla storia e al paesaggio della pianura lombarda orientale.
Accordia Lecture, UCL London, May 10th 2022
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Ottava Giornata della Ricerca "Maria Teresa Grassi" - 12 ottobre 2022
Dipartimento di Beni Culturali e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano
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Ciclo di conferenze dedicate alle novità dal territorio cremonese: scavi, studi e iniziative da Palazzo Pignano, Soncino, Cremona, Piadena e Calvatone
In presenza e in diretta streaming (https://meet.google.com/krs-jzny-uft)
La presentazione del recente libro di Luigi Malnati (già Direttore Generale della Antichità) è l'occasione per parlare di storia dell'archeologia e, soprattutto, della riforma dei beni culturali in Italia e delle prospettive per la... more
La presentazione del recente libro di Luigi Malnati (già Direttore Generale della Antichità) è l'occasione per parlare di storia dell'archeologia e, soprattutto, della riforma dei beni culturali in Italia e delle prospettive per la conservazione, la tutela, la fruizione e la ricerca.
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Settima Giornata della Ricerca "Maria Teresa Grassi" - 23 novembre 2021
Dipartimento di Beni Culturali e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano
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Dipartimento di Beni culturali e ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano
17 novembre 2020 (online)
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Charles University. Faculty of Arts
November 20, 2019
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PAVIA UNIVERSITY, PHD PROGRAMME IN THE SCHOOL OF HISTORY Mandatory Didactic Training Programme 2017/2018 GREEK AND ETRUSCAN RITUALS: DIFFERENT SOURCES AND METHODOLOGIES 8th March 2018 (9.00-13.00), DSU, Auletta Seminari di Storia antica e... more
PAVIA UNIVERSITY, PHD PROGRAMME IN THE SCHOOL OF HISTORY
Mandatory Didactic Training Programme 2017/2018
GREEK AND ETRUSCAN RITUALS: DIFFERENT SOURCES AND METHODOLOGIES
8th March 2018 (9.00-13.00),
DSU, Auletta Seminari di Storia antica e Orientalistica
Università degli Studi di Pavia
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Pavia, Collegio Ghislieri
Lunedì 16 dicembre, 18.00
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In the first millennium BCE archaeological evidence across Europe show the formation of new centralized sites, along with new social structures and large-scale trade. For a better comprehension of this ‘urban’ revolution a link is missing... more
In the first millennium BCE archaeological evidence across Europe show the formation of new centralized sites, along with new social structures and large-scale trade.
For a better comprehension of this ‘urban’ revolution a link is missing though: The role of Northern Italy, for its crossroad position between the Mediterranean world and temperate Europe.
Moreover, in the wetlands of the Northern Adriatic coast, urban settlements of regular layouts were built with ‘traditional’ architectural solutions and techniques, including log constructions, timber framing and water canals.
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Annuale workshop del nuovo BIPAC, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sul Patrimonio Storico Artistico Culturale,
Università di Milano Bicocca
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Come indagini antropologiche, archeobotaniche e archeozoologiche hanno permesso di conoscere le abitudini alimentari dei nostri progenitori. Ne parlano, dell’Università degli Studi di Ferrara: Prof.ssa Ursula Thun Hohenstein, Dr. Marco... more
Come indagini antropologiche, archeobotaniche e archeozoologiche hanno permesso di conoscere le abitudini alimentari dei nostri progenitori.
Ne parlano, dell’Università degli Studi di Ferrara: Prof.ssa Ursula Thun Hohenstein, Dr. Marco Marchesini e la Dr.ssa Fabiola Arena. Dell'Università di Pavia il Dr. Lorenzo Zamboni.
I risultati di analisi su resti umani, botanici e zoologici hanno permesso di individuare gli alimenti utilizzati dagli antichi fino a ricostruirne la dieta da loro adottata. Durante l'incontro verranno proiettati due filmati realizzati rispettivamente da CINECA ("Ati e la paleodieta mediterranea") e dall'Università Milano Bicocca.
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"Il vino nella storia e nel diritto" 6-7 ottobre 2015, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, U12 Linee di una storia giuridica del vino: il mondo mediterraneo antico e tardoantico, in particolare il diritto romano e il vino,... more
"Il vino nella storia e nel diritto"
6-7 ottobre 2015, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, U12

Linee di una storia giuridica del vino: il mondo mediterraneo antico e tardoantico, in particolare il diritto romano e il vino, produzione, consumo, distribuzione. Questioni giuridiche attuali e sfide per il futuro.
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Università di Pavia
martedì 13 ottobre 2015
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Il “progetto Spina”, nato nell’ambito della Soprintendenza Archeologia dell’Emilia Romagna, ha indirizzato l’attività di scavo nell’esplorazione dell’abitato dell’antica città etrusca. Gli scavi sono stati condotti dalla Soprintendenza... more
Il “progetto Spina”, nato nell’ambito della Soprintendenza Archeologia dell’Emilia Romagna, ha indirizzato l’attività di scavo nell’esplorazione dell’abitato dell’antica città etrusca. Gli scavi sono stati condotti dalla Soprintendenza tra il 2007 e il 2010 (Dottori Cornelio e Malnati); dall’Università di Zurigo tra il 2007 e il 2016 (Professor Reusser). In questa occasione si presentano i risultati dei primi studi sulla documentazione archeologica della città.
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A Greek-Etruscan harbour from the Adriatic coast with extremely good preserved wooden structures and organic finds from the 6th to the 3rd century bc
Immaginiamo una città inespugnabile, che svetta imponente con le sue forti mura sopra una collina. All’orizzonte, sul mare cristallino, centinaia di navi dilagano tra le strie della candida spuma. E sulla spiaggia, tende, fuochi,... more
Immaginiamo una città inespugnabile, che svetta imponente con le sue forti mura sopra una collina. All’orizzonte, sul mare cristallino, centinaia di navi dilagano tra le strie della candida spuma. E sulla spiaggia, tende, fuochi, guerrieri di bronzo che brandiscono armi invincibili.
Siamo a Troia, teatro della madre di tutte le Guerre.
Il racconto è quello dei miti troiani, uno dei momenti fondativi dell’intera cultura europea.
Un allestimento fortemente evocativo, giocato sull’interazione emozionale coi visitatori, in una cornice scenografica e multimediale, accoglie e contestualizza sculture, affreschi e vasi figurati originali, selezionati accuratamente per illustrare alcuni momenti chiave di una storia millenaria.
Ancora una volta la collaborazione tra il Comune di Comacchio e il Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli vede protagoniste l’archeologia, la storia, la scrittura.
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The History of the Po Delta has a new home. In 2017 the Museo Delta Antico has been opened in Comacchio, inside the evocative seat of a completely restored eighteenth century former hospital. This museum is the outcome of a long and... more
The History of the Po Delta has a new home. In 2017 the Museo Delta Antico has been opened in Comacchio, inside the evocative seat of a completely restored eighteenth century former hospital. This museum is the outcome of a long and exciting path aimed to return to a territory the signs of its past, thanks also to a compelling and interactive design.
The Museum Guide is a easy and narrative tool to introduce the archaeological treasures disclosed from Delta's unique landscape. The reader will follow the evolution of the environment, the spread of first human settlement, the splendors of the Etruscan period up to Roman Medieval masterpieces.
Highlights of the Museum are the town of Spina, with the rich grave goods from its cemetery, the outstanding cargo of a Roman shipwreck and the remains of the Late Antiquity and Medieval Comacchio.
Nel 2016 è nata una partnership tra il Comune di Comacchio e il Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli. Un rapporto di collaborazione finalizzato alla reciproca promozione dei musei cittadini, attraverso lo scambio di reperti per la... more
Nel 2016 è nata una partnership tra il Comune di Comacchio e il Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli. Un rapporto di collaborazione finalizzato alla reciproca promozione dei musei cittadini, attraverso lo scambio di reperti per la realizzazione di eventi espositivi e la condivisione di esperienze e pratiche virtuose in ambito scientifico e museale.
"Lettere da Pompei. Archeologia della scrittura" è il primo evento frutto di questa innovativa esperienza.
La mostra illustra diversi aspetti della pratica della scrittura e della comunicazione attraverso i secoli, alla scoperta dell’evoluzione del linguaggio scritto e degli strumenti della comunicazione dalle origini ai giorni nostri. Una selezione di reperti da Pompei e da Ercolano esemplifica diverse tematiche della società romana, come l’apprendimento, l’impiego quotidiano, l’esibizione e il valore sociale della cultura, l’aspetto evocativo di segni e immagini, il potere della parola in ambito religioso e politico.
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La strettoia di Serravalle Scrivia è da sempre un punto di passaggio obbligato da e verso la Liguria, in grado di connettere, attraverso le vallate dello Scrivia e del Borbera, la costa tirrenica con la pianura padana occidentale. Nel... more
La strettoia di Serravalle Scrivia è da sempre un punto di passaggio obbligato da e verso la Liguria, in grado di connettere, attraverso le vallate dello Scrivia e del Borbera, la costa tirrenica con la pianura padana occidentale.
Nel 2007 un controllo in corso d’opera sul versante settentrionale della collina del Castello ha portato alla luce resti di una frequentazione antropica risalente all'età del Ferro.
Il passaggio tra Bronzo Finale e prima età del Ferro vede una generale riorganizzazione del sistema insediativo in Italia nord-orientale. Dopo il declino di Frattesina, in particolare, il comparto nord-adriatico si ristruttura: da un lato... more
Il passaggio tra Bronzo Finale e prima età del Ferro vede una generale riorganizzazione del sistema insediativo in Italia nord-orientale. Dopo il declino di Frattesina, in particolare, il comparto nord-adriatico si ristruttura: da un lato emergono i grandi agglomerati proto-urbani veneti, mentre a sud del Po viene attivato il nuovo centro di Verucchio.
Verucchio sembra possedere tutte le caratteristiche attrattive per ereditare il ruolo che era stato di Frattesina nell'alto Adriatico, soprattutto a livello di scambi internazionali e di sviluppo delle attività manifatturiere, con particolare riferimento all’ambra baltica.
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Poster presentation delivered by M. Saracino, E. Perego, L. Zamboni and V. Zanoni at the Expanding Boundaries Conference, held at the Petrie Museum and UCL Institute of Archaeology on 24-25 October 2014
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The Late Bronze Age and Iron Age Mediterranean (ca.1300-500BCE) saw the transformation of society from small, loose communities into complex and organised polities. When it comes to the study of this transformation, much emphasis has been... more
The Late Bronze Age and Iron Age Mediterranean (ca.1300-500BCE) saw the transformation of society from small, loose communities into complex and organised polities. When it comes to the study of this transformation, much emphasis has been placed on concepts such as 'state' and 'urbanism'. These terms have proven difficult to define and can only be measured in relative terms. Recent research has shown that in many cases the trajectory toward more complex societies is not linear and that many variations occur in different landscapes. A universal definition of the term "urbanisation" is therefore difficult to formulate and misses the opportunity to explore intermediate and alternative phenomena, such as the emergence of other nucleated centres and the challenges posed by fragmented landscapes, such as mountainous areas or wetlands. This session aims to step away from state and urbanism as fixed concepts and ultimate societal models. It rather approaches society's pathway to complexity as a multi-linear process, the diverse character whereof reflects an adaptive strategy to environmental and historical necessities. This session welcomes papers that take a different approach to increasing complexity in the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age Mediterranean, including non-linear perspectives, such as deurbanisation, and alternative forms of nucleated agglomerations.
Deadline for abstracts: 13 February 2020 NEW ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON MINIATURIZATION Miniaturization is a cognitive and manufacturing process widespread among human societies. However, only in recent years has... more
Deadline for abstracts: 13 February 2020

NEW ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON MINIATURIZATION
Miniaturization is a cognitive and manufacturing process widespread among human societies. However, only in recent years has attention been paid to the significance of smaller objects within the field of archaeology and anthropology. Previous studies have underestimated miniaturization, considering their products only as mere simplifications, as means of ritual and cultic practice, or as cheap reproductions of normal-sized objects.
Objects in a reduced scale are however tangible products of social activities; cognitive and physical experiments conducted by active and conscious agents.
We encourage papers covering different periods, from late prehistory to present-day societies. We are interested in advancing the theoretical and practical study of miniaturization, both in anthropology and in archaeology, beyond the boundaries of disciplines.
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19th International Congress of Classical Archaeology Cologne/Bonn, 22 – 26 May 2018 Session 5 Distribution: trade and exchange, monetarization, credit, networks, transport, infrastructure (e.g. ports) Panel 5.23 (open): Weighing the... more
19th International Congress of Classical Archaeology
Cologne/Bonn, 22 – 26 May 2018

Session 5
Distribution: trade and exchange, monetarization, credit, networks, transport, infrastructure (e.g. ports)

Panel 5.23 (open):
Weighing the absence Premonetary exchange systems between the Mediterranean and Central Europe

Organizers: Lorenzo Zamboni and Paolo Rondini
(University of Pavia)
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Comacchio (FE), Palazzo Bellini. 16 marzo - 27 ottobre 2019
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Opening of the brand new Archaeological Museum of Comacchio (Ferrara), with outstanding finds from Spina and from Roman and Medieval excavations!
Saturday, March 25, 2017, at 11 am
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A brand new event in Comacchio (prov. Ferrara). The exhibition traces the evolution of the written language and communication tools, through a smart selection of frescoes and findings from Pompeii and Herculaneum. Every day, until May 2,... more
A brand new event in Comacchio (prov. Ferrara). The exhibition traces the evolution of the written language and communication tools, through a smart selection of frescoes and findings from Pompeii and Herculaneum.
Every day, until May 2, 2017. Free entrance.
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International Conference on early urbanism and cultural interaction across Europe during the Iron Age
29-30 March 2019
Milan, Palazzo Reale, Piazza Duomo 14 (third floor)
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Two-year MA in: The Ancient Mediterranean World: History, Archaeology and Art This two-year English Language Master’s Degree course is offered by the Department of Humanities, recognised as a Department of Excellence by the Italian... more
Two-year MA in:
The Ancient Mediterranean World: History, Archaeology and Art

This two-year English Language Master’s Degree course is offered by the Department of Humanities, recognised as a Department of Excellence by the Italian Ministry of Education for 2018-2022 and ranked top 30 in 2018 QS World Ranking for subject Classics & Ancient History.
Throughout the course, students will have the opportunity to study the Mediterranean World, considered through Archaeology and History in a unique perspective, combining all the civilisations facing the Mediterranean from the 2nd millennium to the Middle Ages. The course makes full use of Pavia rich archaeological landscape: Pavia is surrounded by world-class Prehistoric, Roman and Medieval heritage and by several Museums with historic Egyptian,Greek, Etruscan and Roman collections.

Further information: medarch@unipv.it
Un pomeriggio per scoprire le abitudini alimentari nel mondo classico

VENERDI’ 2 OTTOBRE 2015
ore 15.00
Antiquarium “Alda Levi”
via De Amicis, 17
Milano
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Exhibition at National Archeological Museum of Ferrara (September to October 2015)
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BICOCCA FOR EXPO. FOOD CULTURE, RELIGIOUS PLURALISM, RIGHTS AND NEW CONSUMPTIONS
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