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This is the sixth volume to be dedicated to the pioneering linguistic work produced by missionaries in Asia. This volume presents research into the documentation, study and description of Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese and Tamil. It... more
This is the sixth volume to be dedicated to the pioneering linguistic work produced by missionaries in Asia. This volume presents research into the documentation, study and description of Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese and Tamil. It provides a selection of papers which primarily concentrate on the Society of Jesus and their linguistic production, but also covers linguistic works written by Franciscans, the Order of Discalced Carmelites and works of other religious institutions, such as the Propaganda Fide and the Missions Étrangères de Paris. New insights are provided regarding these works and their reception among European scholars interested in these ‘exotic’ languages and cultures. Each text is placed in its historical context and various approaches to some of the most important descriptive problems faced by these linguists avant la lettre are analyzed, such as the establishment of an adequate romanization system, the description of typological features of these Asian languages, such as tonality and aspiration in Chinese and Vietnamese, agglutination and derivational morphology in Japanese and Tamil, and, pragmatics, in particular politeness in Japanese. This volume not only looks at methodology and descriptive techniques, but also comments on missionary linguistic policies in Asia and offers articles of interest to historiographers of linguistics, historians, typologists, descriptive linguists and those interested in translation studies.
[=Brill's Studies in Language, Cognition and Culture, v. 22.]. E-book: ISBN: 978-90-04-42700-6. Hardback: ISBN: 978-90-04-42460-9. (319 pp.). Missionary Linguistic Studies from Mesoamerica to Patagonia presents the results of in-depth... more
[=Brill's Studies in Language, Cognition and Culture, v. 22.]. E-book: ISBN: 978-90-04-42700-6. Hardback: ISBN: 978-90-04-42460-9. (319 pp.).

Missionary Linguistic Studies from Mesoamerica to Patagonia presents the results of in-depth studies of grammars, vocabularies and religious texts, dating from the sixteenth – nineteenth century. The researches involve twenty (extinct) indigenous Mesoamerican and South American languages: Matlatzinca, Mixtec, Nahuatl, Purépecha, Zapotec (Mexico); K’iche, Kaqchikel (Guatemala); Amage, Aymara, Cholón, Huarpe, Kunza, Mochica, Mapudungun, Proto-Tacanan, Pukina, Quechua, Uru-Chipaya (Peru); Tehuelche (Patagonia); (Tupi-)Guarani (Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay).
The results of the studies include: a) a digital model of a good, conveniently arranged vocabulary, applicable to all indigenous Amerindian languages; b) disclosure of intertextual relationships, language contacts, circulation of knowledge; c) insights in grammatical structures; d) phone analyses; e) transcriptions, so that the texts remain accessible for further research. f) the architecture of grammars; g) conceptual evolutions and innovations in grammaticography.
Selected papers VIII International Conference on Missionary Linguistics, March, 2014. Lima/ VIII Congreso Internacional de Lingüística Misionera, marzo 2014, Lima. Los vocabularios y gramáticas de las lenguas amerindias elaborados por los... more
Selected papers VIII International Conference on Missionary Linguistics, March, 2014. Lima/ VIII Congreso Internacional de Lingüística Misionera, marzo 2014, Lima.
Los vocabularios y gramáticas de las lenguas amerindias elaborados por los religiosos, principalmente entre los siglos XVI y XVIII, son el resultado de un esfuerzo orientado a atender las dificultades pedagógicas y pastorales propias de la evangelización colonial. Los afanes misioneros promovieron también distintos tipos de textos doctrinales, catecismos, confesionarios y sermonarios, los cuales, con sus respectivas traducciones en lengua indígena, procuraron garantizar la transmisión de la fe cristiana.
El 'Arte de el idioma mexicano' (México 1713) del agustino Manuel Pérez es la primera edición crítica de una gramática del náhuatl poco conocida. Pérez aprendió el mexicano en Chiautla de la Sal, en el triángulo Puebla-Morelos-Guerrero,... more
El 'Arte de el idioma mexicano' (México 1713) del agustino Manuel Pérez es la primera edición crítica de una gramática del náhuatl poco conocida. Pérez aprendió el mexicano en Chiautla de la Sal, en el triángulo Puebla-Morelos-Guerrero, donde visitó muchas comunidades. Aquí se investiga la gramática a todo nivel: léxico, fonología, morfología, sintaxis y pragmática, la enseñanza de lenguas en universidades mexicanas, el purismo y fenómenos de contacto, además del impacto de su obra en misioneros posteriores.
The present issue of Language Typology and Universals/Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (STUF) is a second follow-up of the workshop “Americanists in the Netherlands” and the IVth meeting of the Research group “Revitalising Older... more
The present issue of Language Typology and Universals/Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (STUF) is a second follow-up of the workshop “Americanists in the Netherlands” and the IVth meeting of the Research group “Revitalising Older Linguistic Documentation” (ROLD, ACLC, Amsterdam Centre of Language and Communication), held on May 12th, 2011, at the University of Amsterdam. In this special issue papers cover the following languages: Quechua, the Uru of Ch'imu, Botocudo, Guarani and Negerhollands.
The object of this volume is the study of missionary translation practices which occur within a colonial context of political domination and spiritual conquest. Missionary translation becomes especially manifest in bilingual ethnographic... more
The object of this volume is the study of missionary translation practices which occur within a colonial context of political domination and spiritual conquest. Missionary translation becomes especially manifest in bilingual ethnographic descriptions, in (bilingual) catechisms and in the missionaries’ lexicographic condensation of bilingual dictionaries. The study of these instances permits the analysis and interpretation of their guiding principles, their translation practice and underlying reasoning. It also permits the modern linguist to discern semantic changes that can be revealed in these missionary translations over certain periods.
Up to now there has hardly been any study available that focuses on translation in missionary sources, of the different traditions in the Americas or Asia. This book will fill this gap, addressing the legacy of missionary translation practices and theories, the role of translation in evangelization and its particular form in the context of colonialism, the creation of loans from Spanish or Latin or equivalents or paraphrases in the indigenous languages in texts and dictionaries as translation strategies followed in bilingual editions. The process of acculturation and transculturation imposed by European religious systems is noted. This volume presents research on languages such as Nahuatl, Tarascan (Pur’épecha), Zapotec, Tamil, Chinese, Japanese, Pangasinán, and other Austronesian languages from the Philippines.
The present issue of Language Typology and Universals/Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (STUF) is a follow-up of the workshop “Americanists in the Netherlands” and the IVth meeting of the Research group “Revitalising Older... more
The present issue of Language Typology and Universals/Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (STUF) is a follow-up of the workshop “Americanists in the Netherlands” and the IVth meeting of the Research group “Revitalising Older Linguistic Documentation” (ROLD, ACLC, Amsterdam Centre of Language and Communication), held on May 12th, 2011, at the University of Amsterdam. The workshop/meeting was an overwhelming success, and a wide range of interesting older linguistic documentation about a variety of languages was presented at the workshop. However, the decision was made to restrict the contributions to the book to those concerning documentation and reconstructions of Amerindian languages, including Sandwich.
From the 16th century onwards, Europeans encountered languages in the Americas, Africa, and Asia which were radically different from any of the languages of the Old World. Missionaries were in the forefront of this encounter: in order to... more
From the 16th century onwards, Europeans encountered languages in the Americas, Africa, and Asia which were radically different from any of the languages of the Old World. Missionaries were in the forefront of this encounter: in order to speak to potential converts, they needed to learn local languages. A great wealth of missionary grammars survives from the 16th century onwards. Some of these are precious records of the languages they document, and all of them witness their authors’ attempts to develop the methods of grammatical description with which they were familiar, to accommodate dramatically new linguistic features.
This book is the first monograph covering the whole Portuguese grammatical tradition outside Portugal. Its aim is to provide an integrated description, analysis and evaluation of the missionary grammars which were written in Portuguese. Between them, these grammars covered a huge range of languages: in Asia, Tamil, four Indo-Aryan languages and Japanese; in Brazil, Kipeá and Tupinambá; in Africa and the African diaspora, Kimbundu and Sena (from the modern Angola and Mozambique respectively).
Each text is placed in its historical context, and its linguistic context is analyzed, with particular attention to orthography, the parts of speech system, morphology and syntax. Whenever possible, pedagogical features of the grammars are discussed, together with their treatment of language variation and pragmatics, and the evidence they provide for the missionaries’ attitude towards the languages they studied.
This fourth volume on Missionary Linguistics focuses on lexicography. It contains a selection of papers derived from the Fifth International Conference on Missionary Linguistics held in Mérida, Yucatán (Mexico), 14th–17th March 2007. As... more
This fourth volume on Missionary Linguistics focuses on lexicography. It contains a selection of papers derived from the Fifth International Conference on Missionary Linguistics held in Mérida, Yucatán (Mexico), 14th–17th March 2007. As with the previous three volumes (2004, on general issues, 2005, on orthography and phonology, and 2007 on morphology and syntax), this volume looks at the lexicographical production of missionaries in general, the influence of European sources, such as Ambrogio Calepino and Antonio de Nebrija, translation theories, attitudes toward non-Western cultures, trans- and interculturality, semantics, morphological analysis and organizational principles of the dictionaries, such as styles and structure of the entries, citation forms, etc. It presents research into languages such as Maya, Nahuatl, Tarasco (Pur’épecha), Lushootseed, Equatorian Quechua, Tupinambá, Ilocan, Tamil and Southern Min Chinese dialects.
Del franciscano Melchor Oyanguren de Santa Inés (1688-1747) se ha conservado la primera gramática del japonés escrita en español: Arte de la lengua japona (1738) destinada para la misión franciscana en Manila. Oyanguren compara el japonés... more
Del franciscano Melchor Oyanguren de Santa Inés (1688-1747) se ha conservado la primera gramática del japonés escrita en español: Arte de la lengua japona (1738) destinada para la misión franciscana en Manila. Oyanguren compara el japonés con otros idiomas «exóticos», como el tagalo, el chino, el malayo y el vasco, su lengua nativa. Consecuentemente, Oyanguren que fue probablemente uno de los primeros -o el primero- en agrupar lenguas del tipo aglutinante, confrontando el euskera con el japonés, añade aquí una nueva dimensión a la técnica.
This third volume on Missionary Linguistics focuses on morphology and syntax. It contains a selection of papers derived from the international conferences on missionary linguistics held in Hong Kong/Macau and Valladolid. As with the... more
This third volume on Missionary Linguistics focuses on morphology and syntax. It contains a selection of papers derived from the international conferences on missionary linguistics held in Hong Kong/Macau and Valladolid. As with the previous two volumes (2004, on general issues, and 2005, on orthography and phonology), this volume looks at methodology and descriptive techniques from a historical point of view, offering articles of interest to historiographers of linguistics, typologists, and descriptive linguists. It presents research into languages such as Tarasco (Pur’épecha), Massachusett, Nahuatl, Conivo, Sipibo, Guaraní, Vietnamese, Tamil, Southern Min Chinese dialects, Mandarin Chinese, Arabic, Tagalog and other Austronesian languages, such as Yapese and Chamorro.
This is the second volume to be dedicated to the pioneering linguistic work produced by the religious missionaries who, within the scope of the European colonial enterprises along the period 1550–1850, described dozens of autochthonous... more
This is the second volume to be dedicated to the pioneering linguistic work produced by the religious missionaries who, within the scope of the European colonial enterprises along the period 1550–1850, described dozens of autochthonous languages, many of which are only known today thanks to their endeavours. The twelve papers joint in the present volume — which dedicated special attention to the orthographical and phonological dimension of their work — provide a comprehensive picture of the descriptive problems faced by these linguists avant la lettre, notably: the difficulties faced before the less familiar features of these languages, such as vowel quantity, accentuation, tonality, nasalization, glottalization, ‘gutturalization’; the building of (re)definitions and the creation of a new metalanguage, like ‘saltillo’, ‘guturaciones’, etc.; The book elucidates the creativity and innovations proposed by individual missionaries and the instructive and pedagogical dimension of their work.
When the first European missionaries arrived on other continents, it was decided that the indigenous languages would be used as the means of christianization. There emerged the need to produce grammars and dictionaries of those languages.... more
When the first European missionaries arrived on other continents, it was decided that the indigenous languages would be used as the means of christianization. There emerged the need to produce grammars and dictionaries of those languages. The study of this linguistic material has so far not received sufficient attention in the field of linguistic historiography. This volume is the first published collection of papers on missionary linguistics world-wide; it represents the insights of recent research, containing an introduction and papers on methodology, meta-historiography, the historical and cultural background. The book contains studies about early-modern linguistic works written in Spanish, Portuguese, English and French, describing among others indigenous languages from North America and Australia, Maya, Quechua, Xhosa, Japanese, Kapampangan, and Visaya. Topics dealt with include: innovations of individual missionaries in lexicography, grammatical analysis, phonology, morphology, or syntax; creativity in descriptive techniques; differences and/or similarities of works from different continents, and different religious backgrounds (Catholic or Protestant).
This book is a comprehensive bibliography of publications on strophic poetry and music which originated in the urbanized society of al-Andalus in the 9th century and spread over the Iberian Peninsula, Southern France, North Africa, Egypt... more
This book is a comprehensive bibliography of publications on strophic poetry and music which originated in the urbanized society of al-Andalus in the 9th century and spread over the Iberian Peninsula, Southern France, North Africa, Egypt and the Near East. It contains an alphabetic catalogue of 2800 titles: books, articles, congress papers, reviews, CD's and a movie. Some titles have annotations.
The catalogue is followed by a register of kharjas and two useful indices: of names and subjects. A short introductory guide precedes the catalogue and a selective discography ends the volume. The bibliography is the first fully comprehensive list of publications on the theme after the pioneering discovery of the kharjas (endings of strophic compositions, muwaššaḥ and zajal) by Samuel Miklos Stern in 1948.
Sinds de vroegste steentijd leven er mensen in Spanje. Al zo'n miljoen jaar lang wordt het Iberisch schiereiland bewoond door steeds andere volken, elk met zijn eigen samenlevingsvorm en cultuur. In dit boek beschrijven de auteurs de... more
Sinds de vroegste steentijd leven er mensen in Spanje. Al zo'n miljoen jaar lang wordt het Iberisch schiereiland bewoond door steeds andere volken, elk met zijn eigen samenlevingsvorm en cultuur. In dit boek beschrijven de auteurs de boeiende ontwikkeling die Spanje heeft doorgemaakt van de prehistorie tot het jaar 1700. Kunst en cultuur krijgen daarbij veel aandacht, evenals de politieke en maatschappelijke ontwikkeling.
In Geschiedenis en cultuur van Spanje - Van steentijd tot verlichting wordt eerst een beeld geschetst hoe het gebied zich vanuit de prehistorie ontwikkelde onder gezag van Romeinen en Visigoten; de tijd waarin Spanje nog Hispania was. Vervolgens wordt de periode besproken waarin emirs en kaliefen de scepter zwaaiden, toen het Iberisch schiereiland onder de naam al-Andalus deel uitmaakte van de islamitische wereld. Daarna gaan Van Dooren en Zwartjes uitvoerig in op de herovering door de christenen en de tijd daarna, waarin Spanje zich ontwikkelde tot een wereldmacht: de wereldzeeën werden bevaren en de hertog van Alva vestigde zijn slechte naam in de Lage Landen. Het boek besluit met de afbrokkeling van het Spaanse imperium en de achteruitgang van de Spaanse cultuur onder het bewind van de laatste Habsburgers.
La conquista y la colonización del Nuevo Mundo iban acompañadas por el gran esfuerzo de los misioneros por la enseñanza y el adoctrinamiento de los indios. Los clérigos y los políticos sintieron la necesidad de predicar en las lenguas... more
La conquista y la colonización del Nuevo Mundo iban acompañadas por el gran esfuerzo de los misioneros por la enseñanza y el adoctrinamiento de los indios. Los clérigos y los políticos sintieron la necesidad de predicar en las lenguas indígenas. En esta monografía se recogen estudios sobre las gramáticas de lenguas amerindias. Se comentan gramáticas de las lenguas otomí, tarasco, náhuatl, quechua, mapuche, guaraní y el millcayac. A modo de epílogo se analiza la política lingüística española y se da una respuesta a la cuestión de hasta en qué medida se encuentran repercusiones de los ’descubrimientos lingüísticos’ del Nuevo Mundo en el pensamiento lingüístico español.
Love Songs from al-Andalus presents an updated survey of the debates concerning Andalusian strophic poetry and their Kharjas. Attention is focused on the texts themselves and their literary implications as testimonies of the multicultural... more
Love Songs from al-Andalus presents an updated survey of the debates concerning Andalusian strophic poetry and their Kharjas. Attention is focused on the texts themselves and their literary implications as testimonies of the multicultural and multilingual society of al-Andalus. Since languages and alphabets of the three major religions have been used, these texts are studies historically, prosodically, thematically and stylistically and are related to the three literary traditions.
One of the novelties of this study is the fact that it has been based upon the most updated edition and interpretations of the texts introducing emendations in over a third of its contents and making obsolete most of the hundreds of previous articles and books on the topic. Another novelty is the fact that stylistic features have been studied according to the Arabic model, casting new light on them. The survey of thematic relationships and the analysis of code-switching phenomena add weight to the conclusions of this research.
It is an established historical fact that both sides of the Straits of Gibraltar formed a cultural unity in many different periods. After the military success of Mûsâ ibn Nusayr, Islam brought unity to Arabs and many Berber tribes in the... more
It is an established historical fact that both sides of the Straits of Gibraltar formed a cultural unity in many different periods. After the military success of Mûsâ ibn Nusayr, Islam brought unity to Arabs and many Berber tribes in the Maghrib, but the struggle for independence and the adoption of the eastern Khârijî doctrine always caused struggles. It is a well known fact that the contingent of Berbers among the Muslims of al-Andalus outnumbered considerably the inhabitants from Arab origin. After the decline and collapse of the Umayyads and Hammûdids in al-Andalus, various Berger dynasties seized their power and founded many different kingdoms (Taifas, from Arabic mulûk al-tawâ'if). Arab Andalusi culture flourished, which can be demonstrated by the fact that Arabic became the most important language of the Iberian Peninsula under Muslim rule. On the other hand, large numbers of Andalusis emigrated to the Maghrib in many different periods. Already in the first centuries of Islamic spain, many Andalusis settled in North Africa. These Andalusis fled as a consequence of the drought, or were expelled for having collaborated against the regime or were forced to leave the Peninsula by the Christian Reconquista. Mutual migrations and political unity led to the exchange of many cultural phenomena between the two sides of the Straits. This fourth issue of Orientations focuses on some aspects of the ‘cultural transfer between al-Andalus and North Africa,' and particularly deals with some aspects of Poetry, Politics and Polemics from the eleventeenth to the seventeenth century.
Los jesuitas creyeron que no era posible conocer las culturas y las sociedades sin tener antes un conocimiento material y espiritual de las lenguas. Por ello, prestaron una especial atención a lo que en ellas hay de creación, tanto... more
Los jesuitas creyeron que no era posible conocer las culturas y las sociedades sin tener antes un conocimiento material y espiritual de las lenguas. Por ello, prestaron una especial atención a lo que en ellas hay de creación, tanto literaria como cultural. La lingüística de los jesuitas venezolanos del tiempo hispánico no hizo sino hacerse eco de estos principios para producir el cuerpo de materiales más original que pueda recordarse en toda la historia de los estudios venezolanos sobre el lenguaje. A la evaluación sobre el aporte de estos corpus de materiales e ideas está dedicado el presente libro. También, a los que construyeron una lingüística misionera humanística y científica sobre la invención de las lenguas y cuya influencia llega hasta el presente.
El libro ofrece una visión general de cómo se desarrolló la lexicografía bilingüe del español y las lenguas amerindias durante la época colonial. Reúne un catálogo con más de ciento cincuenta vocabularios, de una gran diversidad de... more
El libro ofrece una visión general de cómo se desarrolló la lexicografía bilingüe del español y las lenguas amerindias durante la época colonial. Reúne un catálogo con más de ciento cincuenta vocabularios, de una gran diversidad de lenguas, elaborados por misioneros. En él se proporciona la descripción de las características más relevantes de cada repertorio, una selección de la bibliografía y, en muchos casos, la localización de los ejemplares.
Edición y estudio introductorio de Otto Zwartjes y José Antonio Flores Farfán.
Con esta edición se descubren textos lexicográficos, religiosos y gramaticales del jebero del siglo XVIII hasta ahora desconocidos.
Este volumen ofrece la transcripción del Arte de la lengua tagala de Sebastian de Totanés de 1745, acompañada de un extenso estudio preliminar.
En esta obra de la colección "Lingüística Misionera" se ofrece la transcripción de la gramática del bisaya (Filipinas) de Méntrida de 1818, copia de la edición de comienzos del XVII, y de la corregida y aumentada por José Aparicio en... more
En esta obra de la colección "Lingüística Misionera" se ofrece la transcripción de la gramática del bisaya (Filipinas) de Méntrida de 1818, copia de la edición de comienzos del XVII, y de la corregida y aumentada por José Aparicio en 1894. Edición y estudio de Joaquín Sueiro Justel.
Transcripción de la gramática del pangasinan, lengua hablada en la homónima provincia filipina, más antigua que se conserva, acompañada de un extenso estudios preliminar y de diversos índices temáticos.
Edición del manuscrito de Quirós, compuesto en 1711 e inédito hasta ahora, la obra gramatical y lexicográfica más antigua sobre el huasteco, única lengua maya hablada en la zona central de México. Incluye un amplio estudio y la... more
Edición del manuscrito de Quirós, compuesto en 1711 e inédito hasta ahora, la obra gramatical y lexicográfica más antigua sobre el huasteco, única lengua maya hablada en la zona central de México. Incluye un amplio estudio y la reproducción facsimilar del texto.
Edición crítica de la primera gramática del japonés en castellano, de 1738, destinada a la misión franciscana de Manila. En ella, Oyanguren compara el japonés con otras lenguas aglutinantes como el tagalo, el malayo o el vasco.
Edición diplomática del manuscrito del franciscano Pedro de la Mata que se conserva en la British Library. La lengua cholona formaba una familia lingüística de los valles del Huallaga, al norte de Perú, extinta a mediados del s. XX.
In some recent studies on the history of foreign language teaching, the main objects of study were European languages. It is difficult to understand why a comparable enterprise has not been undertaken yet on the history of language... more
In some recent studies on the history of foreign language teaching, the main objects of study were European languages. It is difficult to understand why a comparable enterprise has not been undertaken yet on the history of language learning and teaching of non-Western languages within the subfield of missionary linguistics. This chapter attempts to fill this gap. In addition, missionary texts will be discussed, focusing on their pedagogical aims and strategies, and the role of the printing press will be described. The mise en page of the learning tools certainly contributed to the creation of original pedagogical and attractive tools for their learners. What we know of fieldwork methods in this period is fragmentary and often disappointingly scarce. The same applies to the teaching methods. What we have are the texts, the grammars, and the dictionaries used in teaching, but it is still unclear how these grammars were used in practice.
This essay is an attempt to reconstruct the missionaries' strategies in describing "otherness", and secondly how this reflected on their "exogenous translation", i.e. translation of concepts... more
This essay is an attempt to reconstruct the missionaries' strategies in describing "otherness", and secondly how this reflected on their "exogenous translation", i.e. translation of concepts from their own cultural background into the Asian languages versus their attempts to describe local cultures "apud ethnicos". This study concentrates on the trilingual dictionary Vietnamese-Portuguese Latin of the Jesuit Alexandre de Rhodes (1651).
CTLF – Articles. Colloque ‘Refonte et extension internationale du CTLF: Corpus de textes linguistiques fondamentaux’, Université Paris Diderot, UMR 7597, «Histoire des théories linguistiques», Programme Action structurante 2015-2018, May... more
CTLF – Articles. Colloque ‘Refonte et extension internationale du CTLF: Corpus de textes linguistiques fondamentaux’, Université Paris Diderot, UMR 7597, «Histoire des théories linguistiques», Programme Action structurante 2015-2018, May 31st- June, 1st, 2018.
Han pasado diecisiete años desde la realización del primer Congreso internacional de lingüística misionera. En el año 2003, un grupo de investigadores convocó a especialistas que trabajan con fuentes de la lingüística misionera de todos... more
Han pasado diecisiete años desde la realización del primer Congreso internacional de lingüística misionera. En el año 2003, un grupo de investigadores convocó a especialistas que trabajan con fuentes de la lingüística misionera de todos los continentes para compartir, entre el 13 y el 16 de marzo, un espacio de análisis y discusión sobre diversos aspectos de la historiografía lingüística relativos a la lingüística misionera. La realización de esa reunión científica estuvo vinculada con el Oslo Project on Missionary Linguistics (OsProMil) –iniciado en 2002 en la Universidad de Oslo y subvencionado por el Norges Forskningsråd (Consejo Noruego de Investigación Científica), cuyo objetivo era analizar y comprender las descripciones de lenguas no indoeuropeas dentro del mundo colonial, en distintas metalenguas (español, portugués, francés, inglés, latín) y con diversos contextos religiosos (católicos, protestantes, ortodoxos) de los siglos XVI a XVII. Aquel Congreso inicial fue convocado ...
(Textes choisis par la Société de linguistique romane, édités par Dolores Corbella, Josefa Dorta et Rafael Padrón. (=Bibliothèque de Linguistique Romane, 18,2), vol. 2, 1305-1308. Strasbourg: Éditions de linguistique et philologie/Société... more
(Textes choisis par la Société de linguistique romane, édités par Dolores Corbella, Josefa Dorta et Rafael Padrón. (=Bibliothèque de Linguistique Romane, 18,2), vol. 2, 1305-1308. Strasbourg: Éditions de linguistique et philologie/Société de linguistique romane/ Éditions de linguistique et de philologie. ISBN 978-2-37276-064-5.
Selected papers VIII International Conference on Missionary Linguistics, March, 2014. Lima/ VIII Congreso Internacional de Lingüística Misionera, marzo 2014, Lima. Los vocabularios y gramáticas de las lenguas amerindias elaborados por los... more
Selected papers VIII International Conference on Missionary Linguistics, March, 2014. Lima/ VIII Congreso Internacional de Lingüística Misionera, marzo 2014, Lima. Los vocabularios y gramáticas de las lenguas amerindias elaborados por los religiosos, principalmente entre los siglos XVI y XVIII, son el resultado de un esfuerzo orientado a atender las dificultades pedagógicas y pastorales propias de la evangelización colonial. Los afanes misioneros promovieron también distintos tipos de textos doctrinales, catecismos, confesionarios y sermonarios, los cuales, con sus respectivas traducciones en lengua indígena, procuraron garantizar la transmisión de la fe cristiana.
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espanolEste trabajo es una investigacion pormenorizada de un documento del siglo xviii que ha pasado desapercibido hasta la fecha: la “Protesta” del agustino Manuel Perez. Se desarrolla aqui un estudio detallado de su estructura con... more
espanolEste trabajo es una investigacion pormenorizada de un documento del siglo xviii que ha pasado desapercibido hasta la fecha: la “Protesta” del agustino Manuel Perez. Se desarrolla aqui un estudio detallado de su estructura con glosas morfologicas e interpretacion, junto con la contextualizacion del documento en terminos de sus aportaciones lexicas a la teoria y practica de la traduccion. Hasta donde podemos ver, se trata del primer tratado sobre la traduccion de lenguas indoamericanas, especificamente, del nahuatl EnglishIn this paper, a hitherto understudied source, the “Protesta” of the Augustinian friar Manuel Perez in Spanish and Nahuatl, is reproduced, accompanied by an analysis of the text with glosses and the interpretation of this remarkable xviii century text. As far as we know, this is the first treatise related to translation of Indoamerican languages in general, and of Nahuatl in particular

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In the title we read that the author wrote his grammatical introduction for those who want to “easily” learn the difficult Otomi language. In the short prologue, we hardly find any explicit didactic goals, but the author informs his... more
In the title we read that the author wrote his grammatical introduction for those who want to “easily” learn the difficult Otomi language. In the short prologue, we hardly find any explicit didactic goals, but the author informs his readers in his “dedicatoria” entitled “Señor”, that he has not seen any “clear” grammars (“no he visto arte con tanta claridad para explicarlo”).
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The language is extinct. This source is together with the Doctrina en lengua chiapaneca of Fray Luis Barrientos and the Sermones written by Juan Núñez, one of the few texts that have survived on Chiapanec.
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Brief grammar, covering orthography, morphology, for beginners, with religious texts, such as sermons a catechism and other material. Most of these have the Spanish in the left-hand column and the Arabic translation on the right. Some... more
Brief grammar, covering orthography, morphology, for beginners, with religious texts, such as sermons a catechism and other material. Most of these have the Spanish in the left-hand column and the Arabic translation on the right. Some sections are bilingual Latin and Arabic. Brief grammar, covering orthography, morphology, for beginners, with religious texts, such as sermons a catechism and other material. Most of these have the Spanish in the left-hand column and the Arabic translation on the right. Some sections are bilingual Latin and Arabic. The grammar of Pedro de Alcalá was a real novelty, a pioneering work. His transcription system of the Arabic alphabet is the first in Europe.
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Aldama develops a totally different method with an explicit pedagogy, explained in his prologue, where the author gives some advises how to use his grammar. Aldama seems to know the works of most of his predecessors and he says that he is... more
Aldama develops a totally different method with an explicit pedagogy, explained in his prologue, where the author gives some advises how to use his grammar. Aldama seems to know the works of most of his predecessors and he says that he is a disciple of Molina, Carochi, Ribera, Vetancurt and Manuel Pérez. In the prologue (§ I) he tells that he particularly followed Carochi for the description of the adverb. He also admits that he sometimes changed some aspects (“abreviado un poco, y mudado algunas doctrinas de un lugar à otro”).
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Descriptive grammar covering phonology and morphosyntax. Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of the ‘língua mais usada na costa do Brasil’ (Tupinamba).
The Ms has interesting differences compared with the 1593 printed grammar of de los Reyes.
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The anonymous author summarises the most important descriptions of Otomí. The objective of the editor, Eustaquio Buelna, are in agreement with one of the aims of the “Sociedad Mexicana de Geografía y Estadística”, the publication of... more
The anonymous author summarises the most important descriptions of Otomí. The objective of the editor, Eustaquio Buelna, are in agreement with one of the aims of the “Sociedad Mexicana de Geografía y Estadística”, the publication of descriptive studies of indigenous languages of Mexico. In the prologue we read that one of his main goals was to compose the best eclectic manual in order to learn this language, when the learner does not have the opportunity to listen to natives
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The manuscript had been produced at the end of the 16th or the begining of the 17th century, probably in the Franciscan convent of San Andrés Hueytlalpan, in the Sierra Norte of the modern state of Puebla. This is the earliest extant... more
The manuscript had been produced at the end of the 16th or the begining of the 17th century, probably in the Franciscan convent of San Andrés Hueytlalpan, in the Sierra Norte of the modern state of Puebla. This is the earliest extant grammar of Totonac. Eugenio Romero could have been the author of this grammar. The work is one of the earliest “comparative” grammars of the New World in which two indigenous languages are compared or contrasted.
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Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology and syntax. (2) The ensuing section is a bilingual mono-directional, Portuguese-Lingua geral, dictionary organized alphabetically. (3) Reference word list: articles, pronouns, ‘dativos de... more
Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology and syntax. (2) The ensuing section is a bilingual mono-directional, Portuguese-Lingua geral, dictionary organized alphabetically. (3) Reference word list: articles, pronouns, ‘dativos de proveito’, body parts. (4) Catechism. (5) Confessionary. (6) Articles of Faith. Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of Lingua geral (Tupi Nheengatu), Dictionary and religious texts (monolingual in Lingua geral with Portuguese notes).
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A treatise on Zapotec pronunciation and grammar, particularly of verbs, vocabulary, word lists, “Confesionario” and other religious texts
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The work starts with one page about pronunciation and orthography, followed by the eight parts of speech. The author adds that he will pay particularly attention to how to make sentences (syntax). There are other grammarians who include... more
The work starts with one page about pronunciation and orthography, followed by the eight parts of speech. The author adds that he will pay particularly attention to how to make sentences (syntax). There are other grammarians who include “platicas” but not so many as Ávila did. Ávila's work is a compact edition. It is also a pleasure to read (“mucha curiosidad conque deleytar”), it contains many rules and much doctrinal texts. Another significant contribution is the author’s interest in etymology. Another contribution of Ávila’s work is that it contains the ancient Huehue tlatolli (“ò Mexicano viejo, con gran destreça, y co[n]cicion de palabras”). An important, and not sufficiently studied, is Ávila’s section “modo de formar Oraciones” (25v), which has a specific didactic approach to how to make an entire phrase in Nahuatl, translating from Spanish, together with “exercises”. Such “exercises” are a novelty in Mexican grammars.
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Christian doctrine (“Doctrina christiana”, in Chinantec only, based on the Spanish text of the Jesuit Gerónimo de Ripalda's (1536-1618) Doctrina (1591), with some grammatical notes. The only extant printed text in Chinantec from the... more
Christian doctrine (“Doctrina christiana”, in Chinantec only, based on the Spanish text of the Jesuit Gerónimo de Ripalda's (1536-1618) Doctrina (1591), with some grammatical notes. The only extant printed text in Chinantec from the colonial period.
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Basalenque’s grammar mainly treats morphology, and the verb is the most important section. Different from most other grammarians of this period, Basalenque includes a relatively large amount of theory, such as, as for instance, the... more
Basalenque’s grammar mainly treats morphology, and the verb is the most important section. Different from most other grammarians of this period, Basalenque includes a relatively large amount of theory, such as, as for instance, the section demonstrating how he classified verbs according to the different declensions. The use of hyphens throughout the grammar is a great step forwards for this early period. These hyphens indicate the borders between what we call “morphemes” today, and Basalenque uses this system with great precision.
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Pedagogically, the work follows a different structure, using “glossas”, which are “lessons” and explanations of the grammar (“glossas, liciones y declaraciones del Arte”). Before learning Tarascan, Basalenque composed a grammar of... more
Pedagogically, the work follows a different structure, using “glossas”, which are “lessons” and explanations of the grammar (“glossas, liciones y declaraciones del Arte”). Before learning Tarascan, Basalenque composed a grammar of Matlaltzinca, which does not seem to rely heavily on earlier Tarascan grammars. Basalenque follows generally not only the grammars of Lagunas and Gilberti, but there are also traces from his own grammar of Matlaltzinca.
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Earliest extant grammar of Otomi. Cáceres probably perceived most phonemes of the language, and in most cases he uses diacritics for vowel quality, but it is difficult to say if the edition of Nicolás León represents the original MS... more
Earliest extant grammar of Otomi. Cáceres probably perceived most phonemes of the language, and in most cases he uses diacritics for vowel quality, but it is difficult to say if the edition of Nicolás León represents the original MS exactly which has been lost.
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Carochi elaborates on Rincón, with improvements, corrections, extensions. It is significant that Carochi devotes a special chapter to the adverbs and conjunctions. Although it follows the classical division of adverbs of space, time,... more
Carochi elaborates on Rincón, with improvements, corrections, extensions. It is significant that Carochi devotes a special chapter to the adverbs and conjunctions.  Although it follows the classical division of adverbs of space, time, etc., it is mainly based on the idiosyncratic features of the Nahuatl language and quite a few observations are interesting for the understanding of the pragmatics of this language. Nevertheless, according to later missionary grammarians of the colonial period, these detailed analyses were too comprehensive for a beginner, and this explains why there was soon a need for more brief introductions into the language. For pedagogical reasons, some learners preferred more abbreviated methods, but today the work is praised by most scholars.
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Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology. The author decided to suppress syntax, but instead he pays much attention to derivation and composition, an attempt to describe the specific typological features of a polysynthetic language... more
Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology. The author decided to suppress syntax, but instead he pays much attention to derivation and composition, an attempt to describe the specific typological features of a polysynthetic language like Nahuatl.
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The work is seldom mentioned in recent scholarship, and it deserves more attention, since it is one of the most extensive grammars of Nahuatl. Carranza deviates from tradition, since he does not start (after phonology) with the parts of... more
The work is seldom mentioned in recent scholarship, and it deserves more attention, since it is one of the most extensive grammars of Nahuatl. Carranza deviates from tradition, since he does not start (after phonology) with the parts of speech, but with “número de oraciones” (level of the sentence, not the word). He distinguishes as in Latin grammar two types of active and two of passive sentences. Carranza does not only give examples or paradigms without explanations, but he includes also complete definitions. An original contribution is Carranza’s presentation of verbal paradigms combining twelve different “conjugations” with six different “voices” (“voces”).
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MS. The work starts with a grammatical overview, followed by a vocabulary which contains 3450 lemmas (575 lemmas are reserved for flora; botanical terms, 300 are to fauna).
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(Nearly) complete grammar, without an initial section covering phonology/ orthography/ pronunciation. The grammar starts directly with the parts of speech and, at the end, there is a section related to “acentos de que sea la causa de la... more
(Nearly) complete grammar, without an initial section covering phonology/ orthography/ pronunciation. The grammar starts directly with the parts of speech and, at the end, there is a section related to “acentos de que sea la causa de la diferencia de la pronunciación”. There is no separate chapter entitled “syntax”. Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of Zapotec. Grammar for non-native speakers of Zapotec, novices.
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Different from Paredes, whose aim was to describe the “Pure Mexican Language” without contact phenomena, Cortés y Zedeño describes not only the legitimate language (“La lengua legitima mexicana”), but also the colloquial variety, the... more
Different from Paredes, whose aim was to describe the “Pure Mexican Language” without contact phenomena, Cortés y Zedeño describes not only the legitimate language (“La lengua legitima mexicana”), but also the colloquial variety, the daughter of the pure style, false and adulterous (“su hija la falseada, ô adulterada”), variety of Jalisco.
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Short, complete grammar covering phonology, morphology and syntax. Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of the Língua de Angola (Kimbundu).
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Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology and syntax. Figueira does not include any texts of a religious nature, or segments devoted to practice texts, etc.; instead this work is entirely grammatical. Didactic/pedagogic grammar for... more
Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology and syntax. Figueira does not include any texts of a religious nature, or segments devoted to practice texts, etc.; instead this work is entirely grammatical. Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of the ‘língua brasílica’ (Tupinambá).
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Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology and syntax. with additional didactic material (not included in all manuscripts). Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of Nahuatl, Grammar for non-native speakers of... more
Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology and syntax. with additional didactic material (not included in all manuscripts). Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of Nahuatl, Grammar for non-native speakers of Nahuatl, novices students of the university, who were preparing themselves for the mission.
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This the earliest extant grammar of P’urhépecha. It is significant that Gilberti ‘discovers’ a phonological system which was totally different from what was known in Europe. Gilberti highlights that this language has many “aspirations”... more
This the earliest extant grammar of P’urhépecha. It is significant that Gilberti ‘discovers’ a phonological system which was totally different from what was known in Europe. Gilberti highlights that this language has many “aspirations” (f. 109r). He made the first attempts to describe the pronunciation of several affricates. Analyzing the internal structure of the word, Gilberti uses the basic concepts of the “root” (‘raíz’) and ‘particles’. Another novelty is that he analyses what he calls “composición” (composition). He may have been inspired by grammarians describing Nahuatl who also devoted much attention to “composition”, but in this case he adapted this concept to the specific features of P’urhépecha, an isolate language.
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Includes a grammar for Zoque, preceded by a catechism translated into Zoque. The vocabulary begins on p. 291 and a note on p. 284 reads: "traslado de otro vocabulario lo que a este le faltaba .
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The grammar properly does not offer any novelties, but the importance of the work is that Guerra studied and documented linguistic data of the almost extinct variety of Nahuatl, as it was spoken in Nueva Galicia, particularly in the... more
The grammar properly does not offer any novelties, but the importance of the work is that Guerra studied and documented linguistic data of the almost extinct variety of Nahuatl, as it was spoken in Nueva Galicia, particularly in the region in and around Guadalajara, Jalisco.
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As some others did, Guevara decided to present a different method for learning a foreign language, compared to the average grammar (accompanied by dictionaries and texts) of Náhuatl. His main objective was not to teach the nouns, pronoun,... more
As some others did, Guevara decided to present a different method for learning a foreign language, compared to the average grammar (accompanied by dictionaries and texts) of Náhuatl. His main objective was not to teach the nouns, pronoun, verb, person, gender, particle, and phrases, which would imply too many details considered “superfluous” and “useless” (“superfluo é inútil”). His method was focused on presenting the verbs “por modo de bocabulario” (231) (in the manner of a vocabulary) in order to learn them for application in prayers.
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Lagunas distinguishes nine parts of speech. He sums up the eight traditional parts of speech, not including the ninth: “Nombre, pronombre, verbo, participio, preposicion verbal, aduerbio, interiection, coniunction” (p. 2). Lagunas... more
Lagunas distinguishes nine parts of speech. He sums up the eight traditional parts of speech, not including the ninth: “Nombre, pronombre, verbo, participio, preposicion verbal, aduerbio, interiection, coniunction” (p. 2). Lagunas explains why he introduced the term ‘interposicion’, ‘particle’ or “whatever” (“como quisieren”) (p. 143-144)
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Grammar of Zapotec with various religious texts in the Zapotec language (confesionario) and “pláticas” for daily conversation.
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Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology and syntax. Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of Kiriri (Kipeá variety).
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The “rudimentos” of Martínez is an abbreviated version of Córdova’s Arte. Martínez often gives different examples, which demonstrates that he did not copy the text of Córdova verbatim.
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Complete grammar covering phonology, morphology and syntax. Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of Nahuatl. Grammar for non-native speakers of Nahuatl, novices students who were preparing themselves for the mission.
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The second edition is extended, compared to the first, and more examples are given. Creation of neologisms, in particular metalinguistic and grammatical terminology from Spanish into Nahuatl, as: Coniugacion de los verbos: Ytzoncuepaloca... more
The second edition is extended, compared to the first, and more examples are given. Creation of neologisms, in particular metalinguistic and grammatical terminology from Spanish into Nahuatl, as: Coniugacion de los verbos: Ytzoncuepaloca yn Verbos (22v); Actiue vocis: tepan tlachihualizcaquiztli; Tempore presentis: Axcan cauipan.
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This is the only extant printed grammatical description of the Mazahua language which was completed during the colonial period. One of the main interests is the inclusion of a wealth of material related to daily speech of the Mazahua... more
This is the only extant printed grammatical description of the Mazahua language which was completed during the colonial period. One of the main interests is the inclusion of a wealth of material related to daily speech of the Mazahua people. The author decided to write using a different type of language method, compared to average grammars of Nahuatl of the same period.
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Divided into three parts- a pronunciation guide (p. 1-12), starting with an alphabetically arranged vocabulary of the most common and necessary nouns and verbs Spanish-Otomi (“Diccionario de los Nombres, y Verbos mas communes, y... more
Divided into three parts- a pronunciation guide (p. 1-12), starting with an alphabetically arranged vocabulary of the most common and necessary nouns and verbs Spanish-Otomi (“Diccionario de los Nombres, y Verbos mas communes, y necessaries en el Idioma Othomì”) and a grammar for beginners (“rudimentos”), how to become a fluent speaker and writer of Otomi. The last part focuses on grammar.
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Complete grammar of Nahuatl covering phonology, morphology and syntax, with additional didactic material (not included in all manuscripts). Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of Nahuatl , Grammar for non-native... more
Complete grammar of Nahuatl covering phonology, morphology and syntax, with additional didactic material (not included in all manuscripts). Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar for learners of Nahuatl , Grammar for non-native speakers of Nahuatl, novices students who were preparing themselves for the mission.
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After the pioneering works of Andrés de Olmos, Alonso de Molina, Antonio Rincón and Horacio Carochi, students and learners needed an abridged method, according to the prologue of the author. As Juan Guerra and Thomas de Aquino Cortés y... more
After the pioneering works of Andrés de Olmos, Alonso de Molina, Antonio Rincón and Horacio Carochi, students and learners needed an abridged method, according to the prologue of the author. As Juan Guerra and Thomas de Aquino Cortés y Zedeño, - who described the regional variety of Jalisco-, Manuel Pérez includes regional varieties of the region called “Tierra caliente”
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Quintana published three different works, (I) Instrucción christiana, (II) Doctrina Christiana and (III) Confessonario. The Arte is not published as a separate work. The interest of Quintana for CTLF is mainly found in two sections, “Modo... more
Quintana published three different works, (I) Instrucción christiana, (II) Doctrina Christiana and (III) Confessonario. The Arte is not published as a separate work. The interest of Quintana for CTLF is mainly found in two sections, “Modo de hablar la lengua mixe” and “Arte de la lengua mixe”. In the Doctrina a section is included entitled “Advertencia á Principiantes” (p. 56), which contains a grammatical and morphological analysis of Mixe texts.
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The reason behind the decision to compose a new catechism, was that those which appeared earlier, were not printed with an adequate alphabet adapted to the Otomi language.
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Grammar covering phonology (although this section is relatively brief), morphology (mainly the parts of speech). Descriptive grammar, Didactic / pedagogic grammar for learners of Mixtec. Grammar for non-native speakers of Mixtec, novices... more
Grammar covering phonology (although this section is relatively brief), morphology (mainly the parts of speech). Descriptive grammar, Didactic / pedagogic grammar for learners of Mixtec. Grammar for non-native speakers of Mixtec, novices who were preparing themselves for the mission. The grammar also contains a section entitled “diferentes modos de hablar” (including several varieties) and some word lists, containing body parts, kinship terms and toponyms in several languages and varieties.
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Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar, contrastive grammar comparing two varieties of Zapotec. The texts of the two Artes are mostly identical, save for the examples they give, since they represent either the variety of the... more
Descriptive grammar, Didactic/pedagogic grammar, contrastive grammar comparing two varieties of Zapotec. The texts of the two Artes are mostly identical, save for the examples they give, since they represent either the variety of the Valley, or the one from the Mountains respectively.
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Rincón’s grammar deviates from the models of Olmos and Molina and, as he observes in his prologue, he analyzes the language not according to the Latin model, but on its own terms (“it is not possible to follow a single method or grammar... more
Rincón’s grammar deviates from the models of Olmos and Molina and, as he observes in his prologue, he analyzes the language not according to the Latin model, but on its own terms (“it is not possible to follow a single method or grammar to teach all languages, since they are all so different”... “many things here require different rules”.)
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t is the only printed linguistic tool in Chocholtec for missionaries and a translation from Spanish into Chocholtec of the Doctrina Christiana from the colonial period. Interest: linguistic documentation of the language, phonological... more
t is the only printed linguistic tool in Chocholtec for missionaries and a translation from Spanish into Chocholtec of the Doctrina Christiana from the colonial period. Interest: linguistic documentation of the language, phonological description, diacritics, description of the glottal stop, aspiration and nasalisation.
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Review: Richard Hitchcock & Alan Jones (eds.): Studies on the Muwaššah and the Kharja. (Proceedings of the Exeter International Colloquium). London: Ithaca Press, 1991. and Federico Corriente & Ángel Sáenz-Badillos (eds.): Poesía... more
Review: Richard Hitchcock & Alan Jones (eds.): Studies on the Muwaššah and the Kharja. (Proceedings of the Exeter International Colloquium). London: Ithaca Press, 1991. and Federico Corriente & Ángel Sáenz-Badillos (eds.): Poesía estrófica. Actas del Primer Congreso Internacional sobre poesía estrófica árabe, hebrea y sus paralelos romances. Madrid: Facultad de Filología, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Cooperación con el Mundo Árabe, 1991.
‘Artículo-reseña.’ Lourido Díaz, Ramón. 2005. Fr. Bernardino González, OFM (c. 1665- c. 1735). Intérprete arábico, epítome de la gramática arábiga [obras manuscritas]. Estudio preliminar de Ramón Lourido Díaz. 2 Vols. Madrid: Real... more
‘Artículo-reseña.’ Lourido Díaz, Ramón. 2005. Fr. Bernardino González, OFM (c. 1665- c. 1735). Intérprete arábico, epítome de la gramática arábiga [obras manuscritas]. Estudio preliminar de Ramón Lourido Díaz. 2 Vols. Madrid: Real Academia de la historia/ Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación  + Lourido Díaz, Ramón. 2006. El estudio del árabe entre los Franciscanos españoles en Tierra Santa (Siglos XVII- XIX). Madrid: Editorial Cisneros.
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The grammars of the vernacular languages of Europe, as well as those that came out in other continents during the pre-modern period as a result of missionary activities, were influenced to a large extent by the idea of grammar propounded... more
The grammars of the vernacular languages of Europe, as well as those that came out in other continents during the pre-modern period as a result of missionary activities, were influenced to a large extent by the idea of grammar propounded in the Trivium, particularly its sections on the letter, the syllable, the word and the phrase. Research in the last decades, however, has shown that these missionary grammars also contained references to linguistic phenomena that were “beyond” the traditional and established paradigms employed in the analysis of language during that time. In other words, while materials classified under the terms arte and diccionario generally encompassed well-known themes in the study of European languages and were based on Western conceptions of speech, the missionaries soon realized that the prevailing models were insufficient in understanding, describing and teaching non-European languages. Novel approaches were therefore devised to account for these differences, and these approaches will be at the heart of the IX International Congress on Missionary Linguistics. 
From the 15th to the 18th of April 2016, the historic Ateneo de Manila University in the Philippines will host the IX International Congress on Missionary Linguistics, which will delve into the contributions of missionary linguistics in fields of pragmatics and rhetoric. Previous conferences held in Oslo, São Paulo, Macao, Hong Kong, Valladolid (Spain), Mérida (Mexico), Tokyo, Bremen and Lima have focused on phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicography and translation. This conference will examine the observations made by missionaries on the communicative nuances of languages and their specific usage in particular contexts. In particular, the congress seeks to explore the contributions of missionary linguists in relation to the discipline that at present would have been called pragmatics. Some possible topics include: 
- Language and its usage
- (Im)politeness
- Constituent orders (topicalization, focalization)
- Discourse markers
- Relationship between interlocutors
- Speech acts
- Evidentiality vs epistemicity
- Rhetoric (Rhetorical devices, metaphors, etc.)
- Extra-grammatical features of missionary grammars (references to culture, society, anthropology, etc.)
- Typology and functions of exemplars
- Translational issues linked to pragmatics.
The members of the group are investigating older texts (colonial, postcolonial, missionary and non-missionary, word lists of travelers, historians) with two main objectives: historical linguistics and the history of linguistics. The aim... more
The members of the group are investigating older texts (colonial, postcolonial, missionary and non-missionary, word lists of travelers, historians) with two main objectives: historical linguistics and the history of linguistics. The aim of historical linguistics is to describe older stages of languages as well as (processes of) language change, while the history of linguistics studies early thinking on languages and linguistics. The members working on missionary linguistics focus on European expansion, colonisation and christianisation after the discovery of the New World, which was accompanied by the study and recording of the native languages of the Americas. In the same period, Christian missionary activities escalated in Asia. Almost without exception, grammars and dictionaries were composed by missionaries for missionaries. Although it has been argued that this pioneer work is not interesting from a linguistic point of view, the results of recent research demonstrates that many missionaries, if not the most, had an excellent command of these ‘exotic' languages and often focused on the idiosyncratic features of the native languages. The work of these missionaries was hardly known in the Old World and, until today, many works have never been studied nor analysed in a satisfactory way. Other members work on non-missionary texts with the same objective, such as the pre-modern description of colloquial Arabic as it was spoken in Egypt and the disclosure of linguistic and ethnographic documentation in the Americas and the Philippines and networks of transcontinental information in the 18th century.
Pasado y presente de los estudios lingüisticos en México
25-29 de mayo de 2015
COLMEX/ UNAM/ INAH/ SoMeHiL
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