RU2728462C1 - Microwave unit with truncated conical resonator for separation of fluff from rabbit skins in periodical mode - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used in rabbit farms to separate fluff from rabbit skins. UHF plant with truncated conical resonator for separation of fluff from rabbit skins in periodical mode comprises vertically located conical resonator (5) with base of small radius downwards and cover (8) located instead of base of large radius. Fur stretching board (4) with base of small radius downwards is coaxially installed inside truncated conical resonator. It is made from fluoroplastic stiffness ribs in the form of truncated cone with closed base of small radius and dielectric shaft (3). On the level of open base of large radius of fur stretching board along perimeter of side surface of conical resonator there installed on the inner side are guide dielectric rollers and out-of-limit non-ferromagnetic waveguide (9). Magnetron (7) is located closer to the truncated conical resonator cover so that dissector (6) is located near the radiator directed inside the resonator. Dissector rotates from the electric motor of the fan intended for cooling of the magnetron. Non-ferromagnetic pipe (2) is attached to the cone-shaped resonator small radius base. Shaft of electric motor (1) includes fixation unit of dielectric shaft (3) of fluoroplastic fur stretching board.

EFFECT: proposed microwave device with a truncated conical resonator for separation of fluff from rabbit skins in periodic mode provides for uniform action and distribution of electromagnetic field of ultra-high frequency, effective separation of fluff, and also provides acceleration of treatment process.

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Description

The present invention relates to agriculture and can be used in rabbit farms to separate down raw materials from rabbit skins.

Known microwave (microwave) installation with ellipsoidal resonators for separating hair from rabbit skins in a continuous mode (patent No. 2703915) [1]. In the installation, the retention force of the hairline in the epidermis of the skin is weakened, during the movement of ellipsoidal resonators with skins on rules, the flesh side of which is moistened with brine, poured into a dielectric body in the form of a truncated cone.

The disadvantage of this design is that the equalization of temperature and pressure in the volume of the skin is achieved by regulating the duty cycle of the technological process (heating-pause), and not due to the uniform distribution of the microwave electromagnetic field in the volume of the ellipsoidal resonator. Brine in an electromagnetic field of ultra-high frequency (EMPHF) softens the skin, expands pores, destroys hair follicles and frees the hair from the dermis of paired skins. If after shooting rabbit skins more than 2 hours have passed, the epidermis shrinks and the fluff is difficult to separate.

It is known that for uniform heating of raw materials, it is necessary to provide in the resonator as many modes of oscillations of the electromagnetic field near the operating frequency as possible. One of the ways to excite waves close to the operating frequency of 2450 MHz is to use a rotating dissector near the radiator [2]. The dissector, during rotation, with its blades perturbs the electromagnetic field in the place where the microwave energy enters the resonator chamber. As a result, the conditions of excitation for different types of waves change, there is a change in the general structure of the electromagnetic field and the ratio of the amplitudes of different types of oscillations in the volume of the resonator. As a result, the raw material is exposed to EMPHF of various intensities and is heated fairly evenly.

As a result of using the proposed invention, it becomes possible to reduce the retention force of the fluff in the epidermis of a rabbit skin stretched on a rule placed in a truncated conical resonator due to selective uniform heating of hair follicles and constant modification of the structure of the electromagnetic field using a dissector installed near the emitter of the microwave generator,

and also due to tearing and softening of the flesh with the help of rock salt while rotating the fluoroplastic rule.

The technical objective of the invention is to develop an installation that accelerates the process of separating fluff from rabbit skins, the retention force of which in the hair follicle is weakened due to the effect of the EMISVCH uniformly distributed by the dissector in the resonator volume and due to rubbing the surface of the flesh with rock salt.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a microwave installation with a truncated conical resonator for separating fluff from rabbit skins in a periodic mode contains a vertically located truncated conical resonator with a base of a small radius downward and a cover located instead of a base of a large radius,

at the same time, inside the truncated conical resonator, a rule with a base of a small radius downward, made of fluoroplastic ribs in the shape of a truncated cone with a closed base of a small radius and a dielectric shaft, is coaxially installed,

and at the level of the open base of a large radius of the rule, along the perimeter of the lateral surface of the truncated conical resonator, dielectric guide rollers are installed on the inner side, and an out-of-limit non-ferromagnetic waveguide is attached,

at the same time, a magnetron is located closer to the cover of the truncated conical resonator so that a dissector is located near the emitter directed inside the resonator, from the electric motor of which a cooling magnetron fan rotates,

moreover, a non-ferromagnetic pipe is attached to the base of the small radius of the conical resonator, and the shaft of the electric motor contains a unit for fixing the shaft of the fluoroplastic rule.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings. They show:

- general diagram (Fig. 1);

- spatial images of a microwave installation with a truncated conical resonator for separating fluff from rabbit skins in a periodic mode, in section (Fig. 2);

- a spatial image of a rule made of fluoroplastic stiffeners in the shape of a truncated cone with a closed base of small radius (Fig. 3).

A microwave installation (Fig. 1, 2, 3) with a truncated conical resonator for separating fluff from rabbit skins in a batch mode contains:

rule 1 electric motor; non-ferromagnetic branch pipe 2; dielectric shaft of rule 3; a rule in the form of a truncated cone 4 made of fluoroplastic stiffeners; truncated conical non-ferromagnetic resonator 5; dissector 6; magnetron 7; the cover of the truncated conical resonator 8; transcendental waveguide 9 made of non-ferromagnetic material.

The installation contains a cavity resonator 5 in the form of a truncated cone, located vertically, with a small base downward. Inside the truncated conical resonator 5, a rule 4 is coaxially installed, made of fluoroplastic stiffeners in the shape of a truncated cone on a dielectric shaft 3. The small base of the rule of fluoroplastic stiffeners 4 is closed. The dielectric shaft of the rule 3 is fixed with a special unit on the shaft of the electric motor 1. On the lower base of the resonator 5 there is a branch pipe 2 made of non-ferromagnetic material. On the cover 8 of the truncated conical resonator 5 there is a hole for the transcendental non-ferromagnetic waveguide 9, which is installed on the side of the lateral surface of the truncated conical resonator 5. Closer to the cover 8 on the side surface of the truncated conical resonator, there is a magnetron 7, the emitter from which is directed through the waveguide into the resonator. A dissector 6 is located near the radiator, which is driven by a fan motor designed to cool the magnetron 7. On the inner side of the truncated conical resonator 5, at the level of the upper base of the truncated conical rule 4, there are guide rollers (not shown in the figures).

The technological process is as follows. Prepare rules 4, made of fluoroplastic stiffeners in the shape of a truncated cone, pull the skins of rabbits on them, with the fur inside. Close the non-ferromagnetic pipe 2. Open the cover 8 of the truncated conical resonator 5 and set the rules 4 with the sandpaper so that its dielectric shaft 3 is fixed with the motor shaft 1 using a special unit. Close the cover of the truncated conical resonator 5, turn on the electric motor 1 to rotate the fluoroplastic rule 4. After the fluoroplastic rule 4, touching the guide rollers, starts to rotate, fill the annular gap between the flesh of the rabbit skin and the inner surface of the truncated conical resonator 5 with rock salt through the transcendental waveguide 9 Add water equal to the weight of the skin. Rock salt is fragile, hygroscopic, readily soluble in water at any temperature. Next, turn on the microwave generator and the electric motor of the dissector 6, after which the emitter from the magnetron 7 excites the EMPHF (frequency 2450 MHz, wavelength 12.24 cm) in the conical resonator 5. The dissector 6 located near the emitter changes the structure of the electromagnetic field and the ratio of the amplitudes of various modes of oscillation in the resonator volume, and this ensures a uniform distribution of the electromagnetic field. In the process of rotation of a fluoroplastic truncated conical rule 4 with a rabbit skin, selective dielectric heating of the hair follicles occurs, which will ensure a decrease in the retention force of the fluff in the epidermis. At the same time, rock salt heated in EHMSVC, in contact with the skin of the skin, accelerates the process of its loosening, which eliminates the shrinking of the skin. After the expiration of the duration of exposure to the EMCSVCH on the raw material, turn off the microwave generator and the electric motor of the dissector 6 and the fan. Stop the rotation of fluoroplastic rule 4 by turning off the electric motor of rule 1. In this case, the fluff separated from the flesh and inside the rabbit skin should be collected using a pneumatic pump. Next, pull out a fluoroplastic rule 4 with rabbit skin from the truncated conical resonator 5. Pour the spent rock salt through the non-ferromagnetic branch pipe 2. Then the technological process can be repeated.

Sources of information

1. Patent No. 2703915 RF, IPC С14В1 / 58. Microwave installation with ellipsoidal resonators for the separation of hair from rabbit skins in a continuous mode / E.A. Shamin, G.V. Novikova, Yu.E. Krainov, O.V. Mikhailova, A.A. Belov; applicant and patentee NGIEU (RU). - No. 2018101631; declared 18.01. 2018. Bul. No. 20 dated July 16, 2019. - 16 p.

2. Elremont.ru ›svch / bt_rem21.php.

Claims (5)

A microwave installation with a truncated conical resonator for separating fluff from rabbit skins in a periodic mode, characterized by the fact that it contains a vertically located truncated conical resonator with a base of a small radius down and a lid located instead of a base of a large radius, at the same time, inside the truncated conical resonator, a rule with a base of a small radius downward is installed coaxially, made of fluoroplastic stiffeners in the form of a truncated cone with a closed base of a small radius and a dielectric shaft, and at the level of the open base of a large radius of the rule, along the perimeter of the lateral surface of the truncated conical resonator, on the inner side, there are guide dielectric rollers, and an out-of-limit non-ferromagnetic waveguide is attached, at the same time, a magnetron is located closer to the cover of the truncated conical resonator so that a dissector is located near the emitter directed inside the resonator, from the electric motor of which a cooling magnetron fan rotates, moreover, a non-ferromagnetic pipe is attached to the base of the small radius of the truncated conical resonator, and the electric motor shaft contains a unit for fixing the dielectric shaft of the rule.

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