RU2651594C1 - Microwave drier of down and fur raw materials of the rotor type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to drying equipment and can be used in agriculture and light industry, for example for drying and disinfecting the animal skins. Microwave dryer of the down and fur raw material of the rotor type comprises the cylindrical shielding body, within which the cylindrical non-ferromagnetic drum 9 is coaxially located, on the shell of which the perforated non-ferromagnetic plates are welded under the slope, forming the compartments. Drum 9 with compartments represents the rotor 2, and the compartments perform the function of the mobile resonators 3. Average perimeter of the annular space between the shielding body 1 and the drum 9 is equal to the wavelength that is divisible by half. Rotor 2 rotates from the electric motor 4, which is installed under the lower base of the shielding body 1, which contains the discharge branch pipe 6. Vertical depth of the compartments is greater than the width of the bottom base of the trapezoidal radio-transparent rule, and the radial depth of the compartments is greater than the height of the rule. Microwave generators 8 and an exhaust fan 10 are mounted on the upper base of the shielding body 1, which contains the inlet branch pipe 7. Discharge and the inlet branch pipes function as below-cutoff waveguides.

EFFECT: proposed microwave drier of the down and fur raw material of the rotary type allows to speed up the drying process, to improve the quality of animal skins, to reduce energy consumption, as well as to ensure the disinfection of raw materials during drying.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to drying equipment and can be used in agriculture and light industry, for example for drying and disinfecting rabbit skins, etc.

Known high-frequency dryer for fur and fur raw materials, which has a drum from the frame compartments, made transparent and mounted on a radiotransparent shaft inside the first drum, made perforated and which is a screen and a low-potential electrode, and is equipped with a high-potential electrode having the shape of a half-disk [1]. The disadvantage of this design is the difficulty of operating a high-frequency generator.

Known rotary pairing vat company "Village" (Holland) [2, Fig. 5.4] to ensure a thermal process in which the surface layer of the carcass is heated with hot water. It contains a drum; on the outer surface of the shell of the drum, rods forming chambers into which the carcasses are loaded are slantedly welded in rows.

The technological result is aimed at speeding up the process and improving the quality of drying and disinfection of fur and fur raw materials, stretched over the transparent rules.

EFFECT: microwave dryer of fur-and-fur raw materials of rotor type, characterized in that a cylindrical non-ferromagnetic drum is coaxially located inside the cylindrical shielding body, the perforated non-ferromagnetic plates are welded to the side thereof to form compartments, while the drum with compartments represents the rotor, and the compartments perform function of mobile resonators,

moreover, the average perimeter of the annular space between the shielding housing and the drum is equal to a multiple of half the wavelength, while the rotor rotates from an electric motor mounted under the lower base of the shielding housing containing the discharge pipe,

the depth of the compartments vertically greater than the width of the lower base of the trapezoidal radiolucent rules, and the radial depth is greater than the height of the rules,

moreover, microwave generators and an exhaust fan are installed on the upper base of the shielding housing containing the loading nozzle.

In FIG. 1 shows a spatial image of a microwave dryer of fur-fur raw materials of rotary type (in the context):

1 - cylindrical shielding housing; 2 - non-ferromagnetic rotor with perforated compartments; 3 - resonators with a trapezoidal cross section; 4 - drum shaft connected to an electric motor; 5 - mounting frame; 6 - discharge pipe (transcendental waveguide); 7 - loading branch pipe (transcendental waveguide); 8 - microwave generators; 9 - a drum of non-ferromagnetic material; 10 - exhaust fan.

In FIG. 2 shows a spatial image of a microwave dryer of fur-fur raw materials of rotor type (front view);

In FIG. 3 shows a spatial image of a microwave dryer of fur-fur raw materials of rotary type (top view);

In FIG. 4 shows a spatial image of a non-ferromagnetic rotor with perforated compartments.

In FIG. 5 shows a spatial image of the rules for fur and fur raw materials.

Microwave dryer fur materials contains (Fig. 1 ... 5):

cylindrical shielding housing 1; non-ferromagnetic rotor 2 with perforated compartments; resonators with a trapezoidal cross section 3; drum shaft 4 for connection to an electric motor; mounting frame 5; discharge pipe 6 (transverse waveguide); loading branch pipe 7 (transcendental waveguide); microwave generators 8; a drum of non-ferromagnetic material 9, an exhaust fan 10.

A microwave dryer of fur-fur raw materials of rotor type comprises a cylindrical shielding body 1, inside of which a cylindrical drum 9 of non-ferromagnetic material is coaxially located. Perforated non-ferromagnetic plates are welded to the side of the drum 9 obliquely, forming compartments. The drum 9 with perforated compartments forms a rotor 2 of non-ferromagnetic material. The compartments perform the function of resonators 3 with a trapezoidal cross-section, when they are under the emitter of microwave generators 8.

The average perimeter of the annular space between the shielding housing 1 and the non-ferromagnetic drum 9 is equal to a multiple of half the wavelength. Then, a centimeter wave electromagnetic field (12.24 cm) is excited in a volume with a trapezoidal cross section if microwave generators 8 are mounted on the upper base of the cylindrical shielding enclosures 1. A non-ferromagnetic rotor 2 rotates from an electric motor 4 mounted under the lower base of the shielding enclosure 1. Towards the lower base the shielding housing 1 is docked with the discharge pipe 6.

The depth of the compartments (resonators 3) is vertically greater than the width of the lower base of the trapezoidal radiolucent rule (Fig. 5), and the radial depth of the resonators 3 is greater than the height of the radiolucent rule.

On the upper base of the cylindrical shielding housing 1, a loading pipe is provided, microwave generators 8 and an exhaust fan 10 are also installed there.

Unloading 6 pipe and loading 7 pipe perform the functions of transcendental waveguides, for this, the dimensions of the slit and the height of the pipes are consistent with the wavelength.

The drum pins are fixed in the bearings. On the outer surface of the shell of the non-ferromagnetic drum, 3 rows of obliquely welded non-ferromagnetic perforated plates are formed into compartments into which the rules with fur-fur raw materials are fed. The drum with perforated compartments rotates from the electric motor (shaft 4 is indicated).

The technological process of drying and disinfection of fur and fur raw materials is as follows.

Turn on the exhaust fan 10 and rotor motor 4 2. Direct the radiotransparent rules with fur-fur raw materials into the compartments 3 so that the thickness passes through the loading pipe 7. As the compartments 3 fill with radiotransparent rules, turn on the microwave generators 8, i.e. when there are fur-fur raw materials in the respective resonators. The speed of movement of the resonators with raw materials depends on the duration of drying. Moreover, in the compartments where the emitters from the microwave generators 8 are directed, an ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic field is excited and the fur material is endogenously and selectively heated. In the process of moving the resonators 3, the raw material is subjected to repeated exposure, since several microwave generators are located along the perimeter of the rotor. Moreover, the duty cycle of the process, i.e. the ratio of the duration of exposure to EMFHF to the duration of the cycle (duration of exposure and pause) should not exceed 0.5. Only then will the internal pressure and temperature of endogenous heating equalize over the entire structure of the feedstock. At the end of the rotation of the rotor 2, the dried fur and fur raw materials are discharged through the discharge pipe 6. If for one revolution of the rotor 2, with such a number of microwave generators for this type of fur and fur raw materials, it is not possible to achieve the required drying quality, then with a closed discharge pipe it is necessary to provide a second rotor revolution.

The inclination of the perforated plates to the side of the drum 9 provides reliable unloading of rules with fur-fur raw materials from the compartments. The performance of a rotary microwave dryer can be controlled by changing the outer diameter of the rotor, the number of compartments, the number of microwave generators and their power, and the capacity of the exhaust fan 10.

It should be noted that the temperature of endogenous heating of fur-fur raw materials should not exceed 60 ° C. The duration of exposure to an electromagnetic field of ultra-high frequency on the raw material is regulated depending on the type of size of the skins. The use of this installation makes it possible to accelerate the drying process of fur and fur raw materials, stretched to the rules, reduce energy consumption, improve the quality of drying and disinfection.

By adjusting the size of the compartments and the power of the microwave generators, it is possible to ensure a high electric field strength in the resonator, which contributes to the destruction of microorganisms and skin-eaters, since they have a loss factor (the product of the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss tangent) more than fur and leather. The degree of raw material disinfection by exposure depends on the critical electric field strength, i.e. when the power density of the loss of microwave energy in raw materials at a critical electric field is greater than the energy loss due to heat transfer from the surface of the sample (skin-eaters, microorganisms).

Information sources

1. Patent 2011682 of the Russian Federation, IPC С14В 1/58. A dryer for fur and fur raw materials / Tsuglenok N.V., Zaitsev V.E., Novikova G.V., Nemkov S.N .; Applicant and patent holder Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. - No. 4907723/12; declared 02/04/1991; publ. 04/30/1994.

2. Ivashov, V.I. Technological equipment for the meat industry. / IN AND. Ivashov. Part 1. M .: Kolos, 2001, p. 103.

Claims (4)

A microwave dryer of fur-and-fur raw materials of a rotor type is characterized by the fact that a cylindrical non-ferromagnetic drum is coaxially located inside the cylindrical shielding case, the perforated non-ferromagnetic plates are welded to the side thereof to form compartments, while the drum with compartments represents the rotor, and the compartments serve as mobile resonators, moreover, the average perimeter of the annular space between the shielding housing and the drum is equal to a multiple of half the wavelength, while the rotor rotates from an electric motor mounted under the lower base of the shielding housing containing the discharge pipe, the depth of the compartments vertically greater than the width of the lower base of the trapezoidal radiolucent rules, and the radial depth is greater than the height of the rules, moreover, microwave generators and an exhaust fan are installed on the upper base of the shielding housing containing the loading nozzle.

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