RU2674605C2 - Microwave dryer for down and fur raw materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the processing of down and fur raw materials, in particular to drying equipment. Microwave dryer for down and fur raw materials made in the form of toroidal resonator 2, inside of which are radio-transparent rims 7, 8, connected with radio-transparent guides 9 and rotating from electric motor 6. On the rims there are elements for fixing trapezoidal radio transparent rules 10 with down and fur raw materials. Toroidal resonator 2 is divided along the horizontal axis into two halves – upper half 1 and lower 3 one. In this case, upper half 1 of the resonator can be adjusted in height, for this purpose there are special regulators 11 in the form of sleeves and fingers, with which you can increase the gap between the halves of resonator 2. Motor 6 of drive rims is located under the lower half 3 of toroidal cavity 1, in central part 5. Exhaust fan 12 is mounted on the central part of upper half 1 of the cavity. Microwave generators 13 are evenly spaced around the perimeter of the torus from above so that the emitters are directed inside the resonator. Upper half of resonator 1 can be fixed at a certain height, leaving between halves 1, 3 a gap larger than the thickness of radio transparent trapezoidal rule 10 with a down and fur raw material, directed to small rim of a small diameter 7. Lower half of the resonator with electric motor 6 is installed on mounting frame 4.EFFECT: proposed microwave dryer for down and fur raw materials ensures efficient drying and disinfection of raw materials without losing its quality.1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to drying equipment and can be used in agriculture and in light industry, for example for drying and disinfecting rabbit, nutria, etc.

Drying is a technological process in which bound material-water is removed from raw materials as a result of supplying heat from outside. Drying of raw materials is used for canning, increasing shelf life under ordinary conditions and for acquiring new technological properties. Depending on the type of fur-fur raw materials, drying is used: contact, convective, radiation, in an electromagnetic field of high and ultrahigh frequency at atmospheric or reduced pressure. There are various combinations of these methods. Under reduced pressure, depending on the thermolability of the raw materials, drying is carried out from a liquid or frozen state of moisture (freeze-drying).

One of the promising directions in the intensification of drying of fur-fur raw materials is the use of electromagnetic field energy of ultrahigh frequencies (EMFHF). The use of microwave technology for drying fur and fur raw materials provides selective heating, depending on the dielectric properties of the skin, fur.

Known high-frequency dryer for fur materials, which contains high-potential and low-potential electrodes, as well as a radio-transparent drum from the frame compartments. [one]. The disadvantage of this design is the difficulty of operating a high-frequency generator.

The technological result is aimed at accelerating the drying process and improving the quality of the finished fur and fur raw materials while disinfecting it.

EFFECT: microwave dryer of fur-fur raw materials is characterized by

that in a toroidal resonator made of two halves separated along the horizontal axis, there are coaxially radiolucent rims associated with guides having latches of radiolucent rules and rotating from an electric motor located under the central part of the lower half of the toroidal resonator, and an exhaust hood is installed above the upper half of the resonator fan,

moreover, along the perimeter of the torus, microwave generators are evenly arranged on top, so that the emitters are directed into the cavity, the upper half of which can be fixed at a certain height with the help of regulators, leaving a gap between the halves larger than the thickness of the trapezoidal rule with fur-fur raw materials, which is directed from small base to the rim of small diameter,

each regulator is presented in the form of a sleeve with a slot and a finger, and they are installed evenly around the outer perimeter of the torus, while the fingers are rigidly fixed to the upper half of the torus, and the bushings to the lower half of the torus,

while on the mounting frame is the lower half of the resonator with an electric motor.

In FIG. 1 shows a spatial image of a microwave dryer of fur-fur raw materials:

1 - the upper half of the resonator;

2 - toroidal resonator made of non-ferromagnetic material;

3 - the lower half of the resonator;

4 - mounting frame;

5 - the central part of the toroidal resonator;

6 - electric motor shaft for driving rims with guides;

7 - radiolucent rim of small diameter;

8 - radiolucent rim of large diameter;

9 - radiolucent guides for fixing the rules;

10 - radiolucent trapezoidal rules;

11 - regulators of the gap between the halves of the toroidal resonator, made in the form of bushings and fingers;

12 - exhaust fan;

13 - microwave generators.

In FIG. 2 - shows a spatial image of a microwave dryer of fur-fur raw materials with a closed upper half of the toroidal resonator.

In FIG. 3 shows a spatial image of the lower half of the toroidal resonator.

In FIG. 4 shows a spatial image of coaxially arranged radiolucent rims with retainers rules associated with the guides.

In FIG. 5 shows a spatial image of a trapezoidal rule.

A microwave dryer of fur-fur raw materials (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) contains: a toroidal resonator 2, divided into two halves 1, 3 along the horizontal axis, mounted on a mounting frame 4, the resonator being presented as a torus with a central part 5, made in the form of plane-parallel disks;

shaft 6 for the rim drive electric motor; a small diameter transparent bezel 7; large diameter radiotransparent rim 8; guides 9 for fixing the rules 10; gap adjusters 11 between the halves of the toroidal resonator; exhaust fan 12; microwave generators 13.

On the mounting frame 4, the lower half 3 of the toroidal resonator 2 is fixed, as well as an electric motor (shaft 6 is indicated) for driving radiotransparent rims 7, 8 with guides 9 (for rotating the rotor). The toroidal resonator 2 is divided into two halves 1, 3 along the horizontal axis.

In this case, the upper half 1 of the resonator can be raised along the vertical axis with the help of special controllers 11 to provide a gap between the halves of the resonator 1, 3, the size of which is not less than the thickness of the trapezoidal rule 10 with fur-fur raw materials. On the central part 5 of the toroidal resonator, an exhaust fan 12 is installed on the upper disk, and an electric motor shaft 6 passes through the lower disk to drive the radiotransparent rims with guides 7, 8, 9. Microwave generators 13 are located evenly around the top of the torus, so that the emitters directed into the toroidal cavity. The rim of large diameter 8 is based on a special annular shelf attached along the outer perimeter of the lower part of the torus. The gap regulators are installed evenly along the outer perimeter of the torus. Each regulator is presented in the form of a sleeve with a slot and a finger. Moreover, the fingers are rigidly fixed to the upper half of the torus evenly around the periphery, and the bushings to the lower half of the torus, so that it is possible to provide a gap between the halves of the resonator when fixing the fingers in the sleeve with a nut and screw.

The technological process of drying and disinfection of fur and fur raw materials is as follows. Prepare rules 10 with fur and fur raw materials. Raise the upper half of the resonator 1 to a certain height, tighten the fingers with the bolt and nut on the bushings 11, i.e. fix the resonator 1. Place the trapezoidal rules 10 with the raw materials on the guides 9 so that the rules with a small base are fixed on the rim of a small diameter 7, and the large base is fixed on the rim of a large diameter 8. After the rules are uniformly placed with the raw materials on the rims (on the rotor), release the clamped finger and lower the upper half 1 of the toroidal resonator 2 until it contacts the lower half 3 of the resonator (exclude the gap between the halves of the resonator). Turn on the electric motor, the shaft of which 6 drives the rotor with fur and fur raw materials according to the rules, and the exhaust fan 12. Then turn on the microwave generators 13, then the microwave electromagnetic field is excited in the toroidal resonator, and the raw material is heated selectively, depending on the dielectric properties of individual components. After the duration of heating, turn off the microwave generators 13, stop the rotor drive motor and exhaust fan 12. Raise the upper half 1 of the toroidal resonator 2, remove the rules with the dried raw materials from the rotor. The process is then repeated.

The duration of exposure to an electromagnetic field of ultra-high frequency on the raw material is regulated depending on the type and size of the skins. The use of this installation makes it possible to accelerate the drying process of fur and fur raw materials, reduce energy consumption, improve the quality of disinfection. In the central part of the toroidal resonator, the electric field strength is higher than in the torus, which ensures a decrease in bacterial contamination of the raw material and the destruction of the skin-eaters. The performance of the dryer depends on the number of microwave generators.

Sources of information: 1. Patent 2011682 of the Russian Federation, IPC С14В 1/58. A dryer for fur and fur raw materials / Tsuglenok N.V., Zaitsev V.E., Novikova G.V., Nemkov S.N .; applicant and patent holder Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. - No. 4907723/12; declared 02/04/1991; publ. 04/30/1994.

Claims (1)

Microwave dryer of fur-fur raw materials, characterized in that in a toroidal resonator made of two halves separated by a horizontal axis there are coaxially radiolucent rims connected with guides having latches of radiolucent rules and rotating from an electric motor located under the central part of the lower half of the toroidal resonator, and an extract fan is installed above the upper half of the resonator, with superhigh uniformly located on top of the torus perimeter total generators so that the emitters are directed inside the resonator, the upper half of which can be fixed at a certain height with the help of regulators, leaving a gap between the halves larger than the thickness of the trapezoidal rule with fur-fur raw materials, which is directed with a small base to the rim of small diameter, and each regulator is presented in the form of a sleeve with a slot and a finger, and they are installed evenly along the outer perimeter of the torus, while the fingers are rigidly fixed to the upper half of the torus, and the bushings to the lower half half of the torus, while the lower half of the resonator with an electric motor is located on the mounting frame.

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