KR20190084075A - 플로어 패널 및 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법 - Google Patents
플로어 패널 및 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20190084075A KR20190084075A KR1020197016130A KR20197016130A KR20190084075A KR 20190084075 A KR20190084075 A KR 20190084075A KR 1020197016130 A KR1020197016130 A KR 1020197016130A KR 20197016130 A KR20197016130 A KR 20197016130A KR 20190084075 A KR20190084075 A KR 20190084075A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- foam layer
- substrate
- floor panel
- thermoplastic material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Images
Classifications
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Abstract
Description
도 2 는 더 큰 스케일로, 도 1 에 나타낸 Ⅱ-Ⅱ 선을 따라 단면도를 나타낸다.
도 3 은 동일한 스케일로 이러한 플로어 패널들 중 2 개의 결합된 상태를 나타낸다.
도 4 내지 도 10 은, 유사한 도면으로, 변형예들을 나타낸다.
도 11 은, 더 큰 스케일로, 도 1 에 나타낸 ⅩⅠ-ⅩⅠ 선에 따른 단면도를 나타낸다.
도 12 내지 도 14 는, 유사한 도면으로, 변형예들을 나타낸다.
도 15 는 본 발명에 따른 방법에서 일부 단계들을 개략적으로 나타낸다.
Claims (51)
- 기재 (2) 및 그 위에 제공된 장식 (3) 을 구비한 플로어 패널로서,
상기 기재 (2) 는 적어도 열가소성 재료의 발포 층 (4) 및 적어도 보강 층 (8) 을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 발포 층 (4) 은 발포 PVC 층에 관련되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 PVC 는 가소제들이 없거나 12 phr 이하의 가소제 함량을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 발포 층 (4) 은 적어도 기계적 발포 프로세스에 의해 획득되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 발포 층 (4) 은 적어도 화학적 발포 프로세스에 의해 획득되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 5 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 보강 층 (8) 은 적어도 30 g/㎡, 바람직하게 100 g/㎡ 미만의 중량을 가지는 유리 섬유 층에 관련되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 6 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 보강 층 (8) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 의 면들 (10) 중 하나에 위치되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 기재 (2) 는 추가로 제 2 보강 층 (9) 도 둘러싸고, 각각의 보강 층들 (8-9) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 의 적어도 일부분을 둘러싸는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 기재 (2) 는 열가소성 재료의 적어도 비발포 층 (5-6) 도 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 9 항에 있어서,
상기 비발포 층 (5-6) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 의 면들 (10-11) 중 하나 및/또는 가능하다면 상기 면 (10-11) 에 제공되는 보강 층 (8-9) 에 인접해 있는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 9 항 또는 제 10 항에 있어서,
상기 비발포 층 (5-6) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 과 동일한 열가소성 재료를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 9 항 내지 제 11 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 비발포 층 (5-6) 은 가소제들이 없거나 12 phr 미만의 가소제 함량을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 9 항 내지 제 12 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
전술한 기재 (2) 는 열가소성 재료의 적어도 제 2 비발포 층 (5-6) 도 더 포함하고, 각각의 비발포 층들 (5-6) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 의 적어도 일부분을 둘러싸는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 기재 (2) 는 열가소성 재료의 적어도 제 3 비발포 층 (7) 도 더 포함하고, 상기 제 3 비발포 층 (7) 은 장식 (3) 과 전술한 제 1 비발포 층 및 제 2 비발포 층 (5-6) 중 적어도 하나 사이에 위치되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 14 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 기재 (2) 는 적어도 열가소성 재료의 층 (7) 도 더 포함하고, 상기 열가소성 재료는 상기 발포 층에서 가능한 가소제 함량보다 높은 함량을 갖는 가소제를 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 15 항에 있어서,
더 높은 가소제 함량을 갖는 상기 층 (7) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 과 상기 장식 (3) 사이에 위치되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 15 항 또는 제 16 항에 있어서,
더 높은 가소제 함량을 갖는 상기 층 (7) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 과 동일한 열가소성 재료를 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 15 항 내지 제 17 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
더 높은 가소제 함량을 갖는 상기 층 (7) 은 발포되지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 18 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 장식 (3) 은 프린팅된 모티프를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 19 항에 있어서,
상기 프린팅된 모티프는 열가소성 포일 (12) 에 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 20 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 플로어 패널 (1) 은, 상기 장식 (3) 위에 제공되는, 반투명 또는 투명한 마모 층 (13) 도 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 21 항에 있어서,
상기 마모 층 (13) 은 표면 래커 층 (37) 을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 22 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
적어도 2 개의 대향한 에지들 (14-15) 상에서, 각각의 플로어 패널 (1) 은 이러한 플로어 패널들 (1) 중 2 개를 서로 결합할 수 있는 결합 수단 (16) 을 구비하고, 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에서 적어도 상기 패널들 (1) 의 평면에 수직인 수직 방향 (V) 으로 로킹이 이루어지고, 상기 에지들 (15) 중 적어도 하나는 그루브 (17) 를 구비하고, 상기 그루브의 가장 깊은 지점 (18) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 에 위치되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
적어도 2 개의 대향한 에지들 (14-15) 상에서, 각각의 플로어 패널 (1) 은 이러한 플로어 패널들 (1) 중 2 개를 서로 결합할 수 있는 결합 수단 (16) 을 구비하고, 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에서 상기 에지들 (14-15) 에 수직이고 적어도 상기 패널들 (1) 의 평면에서 수평 방향 (H) 으로 로킹이 이루어지고, 상기 에지들 (14-15) 중 적어도 하나는 상향 후크형 로킹 부분 (25) 을 구비하고, 상기 로킹 부분 (25) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 이 없는 기재 (2) 의 부분에 적어도 부분적으로 연장되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 24 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
적어도 2 개의 대향한 에지들 (14-15) 상에서, 각각의 플로어 패널 (1) 은 이러한 플로어 패널들 (1) 중 2 개를 서로 결합할 수 있는 결합 수단 (16) 을 구비하고, 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에서 적어도 상기 패널들 (1) 의 평면에 수직인 수직 방향 (V) 으로 로킹이 이루어지고, 상기 에지들 (14-15) 중 적어도 하나는 그루브 (17) 를 구비하고, 상기 그루브 (17) 는 상부 립 (20) 및 하부 립 (21) 에 의해 경계를 이루고 상기 하부 립 (21) 의 상부면 (23) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 에 적어도 부분적으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 25 항에 있어서,
상기 하부 립 (21) 의 상기 상부면 (23) 은 또한 상기 발포 층 (4) 이 없는 기재 (2) 의 부분에 적어도 부분적으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 26 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
적어도 2 개의 대향한 에지들 (14-15) 상에서, 각각의 플로어 패널 (1) 은 이러한 플로어 패널들 (1) 중 2 개를 서로 결합할 수 있는 결합 수단 (16) 을 구비하고, 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에서 적어도 상기 패널들 (1) 의 평면에 수직인 수직 방향 (V) 으로 로킹이 이루어지고, 상기 에지들 (14-15) 중 적어도 하나는 그루브 (17) 를 구비하고, 상기 그루브 (17) 는 상부 립 (20) 및 하부 립 (21) 에 의해 경계를 이루고 상기 상부 립 (20) 의 하부면 (29) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 에 적어도 부분적으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 27 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
적어도 2 개의 대향한 에지들 (14-15) 상에서, 각각의 플로어 패널 (1) 은 이러한 플로어 패널들 (1) 중 2 개를 서로 결합할 수 있는 결합 수단 (16) 을 구비하고, 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에서 적어도 상기 패널들 (1) 의 평면에 수직인 수직 방향 (V) 으로 로킹이 이루어지고, 상기 에지들 (14-15) 중 적어도 하나는 그루브 (17) 를 구비하고, 상기 그루브 (17) 는 상부 립 (20) 및 하부 립 (21) 에 의해 경계를 이루고 상기 상부 립 (20) 의 하부면 (29) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 이 없는 상기 기재 (2) 의 부분에 적어도 부분적으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 28 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
적어도 2 개의 대향한 에지들 (14-15) 상에서, 각각의 플로어 패널 (1) 은 이러한 플로어 패널들 (1) 중 2 개를 서로 결합할 수 있는 결합 수단 (16) 을 구비하고, 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에서 적어도 상기 패널들 (1) 의 평면에 수직인 수직 방향 (V) 뿐만 아니라 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에 수직이고 상기 플로어 패널들 (1) 의 평면에서 수평 방향 (H) 으로 로킹이 이루어지고, 수직 방향 (V) 으로 상기 로킹은 상기 발포 층 (4) 에 형성된 적어도 한 쌍의 협동작용하는 접촉면들 (30-31) 에 의해 제공되고, 반면에 수평 방향 (H) 으로 상기 로킹은 상기 발포 층 (4) 이 없는 기재 (2) 의 부분에 의해 형성된 적어도 한 쌍의 협동작용하는 접촉면들 (27-28) 에 의해 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 29 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
적어도 2 개의 대향한 에지들 (14-15) 상에서, 각각의 플로어 패널 (1) 은 이러한 플로어 패널들 (1) 중 2 개를 서로 결합할 수 있는 결합 수단 (16) 을 구비하고, 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에서 적어도 상기 패널들 (1) 의 평면에 수직인 수직 방향 (V) 뿐만 아니라 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에 수직이고 상기 플로어 패널들 (1) 의 평면에서 수평 방향 (H) 으로 로킹이 이루어지고, 수직 방향 (V) 으로 상기 로킹은 두 쌍의 협동작용하는 접촉면들 (30-31, 32-33) 에 의해 제공되고, 제 1 쌍 (32-33) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 에 형성되고, 반면에 제 2 쌍 (30-31) 은 상기 발포 층 (4) 이 없는 기재 (2) 의 부분에 의해 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 30 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
적어도 2 개의 대향한 에지들 (14-15) 상에서, 각각의 플로어 패널 (1) 은 이러한 플로어 패널들 (1) 중 2 개를 서로 결합할 수 있는 결합 수단 (16) 을 구비하고, 각각의 에지들 (14-15) 에서 적어도 상기 패널들 (1) 의 평면에 수직인 수직 방향 (V) 으로 로킹이 이루어지고, 상기 에지들 (14-15) 중 적어도 하나는 그루브 (17) 를 구비하고, 상기 그루브 (17) 는 상부 립 (20) 및 하부 립 (21) 에 의해 경계를 이루고 상기 보강 층 (9) 은 상기 상부 립 (20) 에 연장되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 31 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 플로어 패널 (1) 은, 두께로 볼 때, 가소제가 없거나 12 phr 미만의 가소제 함량을 가지는 적어도 2 ㎜ 의 열가소성 재료를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 32 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 플로어 패널 (1) 은, 두께로 볼 때, 적어도 4 ㎜ 의 발포형 열가소성 재료를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 33 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 기재 (2) 는 그것의 두께 (T2) 의 적어도 40% 에 대해 상기 발포 층 (4) 으로 구성되고, 잔류하는 기재 재료는 바람직하게 발포되지 않은 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 34 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 기재 (2) 의 각각의 층들은 열적 라미네이션 프로세스에 의해 서로 부착되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 35 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 기재 (2) 의 열가소성 층들 중 하나 이상은, 과립 형태이든지 아니든지, 적어도 상기 열가소성 재료 (53) 를 스트로잉 및 압밀함으로써 획득되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 제 1 항 내지 제 36 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 기재 (2) 는 그것의 하측에 부가적 발포 층 (34) 을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널. - 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법으로서,
상기 플로어 패널은 적어도 기재 (2) 및 그 위에 제공된 장식 (3) 을 포함하고, 상기 기재 (2) 를 형성하기 위한 방법은 적어도 다음 단계들:
- 사전에 제조된 시트, 바람직하게 유리 섬유 층 (8-9) 을 제공하는 단계 (S2);
- 열가소성 재료 (53) 를 제공하는 단계 (S1);
- 발포형 기재 또는 기재 부분 (59) 을 형성하기 위해 상기 열가소성 재료 (53) 를 발포하는 단계 (S3) 로서, 발포는 상기 사전에 제조된 시트 (8-9) 의 존재 하에 일어나는, 상기 발포하는 단계 (S3)
를 포함하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 38 항에 있어서,
상기 열가소성 재료를 제공하는 단계 (S1) 는 적어도 스트로잉 처리 (54B) 를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 39 항에 있어서,
상기 사전에 제조된 시트 (8-9) 는 스트로잉된 열가소성 재료를 위한 캐리어를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 39 항 또는 제 40 항에 있어서,
상기 사전에 제조된 시트 (8-9) 는 상기 스트로잉된 열가소성 재료와 열가소성 재료의 추가 층 사이에 분리를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 41 항에 있어서,
상기 추가 층은 또한 스트로잉된 열가소성 재료로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 41 항 또는 제 42 항에 있어서,
상기 추가 층의 열가소성 재료 (53) 의 조성은 상기 발포 층의 조성과 상이한 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 38 항 내지 제 43 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 사전에 제조된 시트 (8-9) 는 보강 층에 관련되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 38 항 내지 제 44 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 사전에 제조된 시트 (8-9) 는 장력 하에 상기 열가소성 재료 (53) 에 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 45 항에 있어서,
발포, 압밀 및/또는 연결 중에, 적어도 상기 발포 층 (4) 에서 수축이 발생하고 사전에 제조된 시트 (8-9) 에서 상기 장력은 상기 수축의 적어도 20% 인 스트레인을 상기 시트에서 유발하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 38 항 내지 제 46 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 방법은 열가소성 재료의 적어도 다른 기재 층 (60) 을 제공하는 단계 (S4) 도 더 포함하고, 상기 열가소성 재료는 상기 발포 층에서 가능한 가소제 함량보다 높은 함량을 갖는 가소제를 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 47 항에 있어서,
상기 기재 층 (60) 은 액체 상태의 상기 기재 부분 (59) 에 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 38 항 내지 제 48 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 방법은 상기 기재 또는 기재 부분 (59) 에 장식 (3) 을 제공하는 단계도 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 49 항에 있어서,
상기 장식 (3) 은 프린팅된 포일 (12) 을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법. - 제 38 항 내지 제 50 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 방법은 제 1 항 내지 제 37 항 중 어느 한 항의 특징들을 갖는 플로어 패널 (1) 을 제조하기 위해 적용되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 플로어 패널을 제조하기 위한 방법.
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