KR102296131B1 - 리튬이온 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그의 제조방법 및 이것을 포함하는 리튬이온 이차전지 - Google Patents
리튬이온 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그의 제조방법 및 이것을 포함하는 리튬이온 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102296131B1 KR102296131B1 KR1020140193323A KR20140193323A KR102296131B1 KR 102296131 B1 KR102296131 B1 KR 102296131B1 KR 1020140193323 A KR1020140193323 A KR 1020140193323A KR 20140193323 A KR20140193323 A KR 20140193323A KR 102296131 B1 KR102296131 B1 KR 102296131B1
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- active material
- secondary battery
- formula
- metal oxide
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
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- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910005191 Ga 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017855 NH 4 F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910011328 LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
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- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 실시예 1에 따라 제조된 양극 활물질을 20,000 배율로 확대한 전자주사현미경(scanning electron microscope, SEM) 사진이다.
도 3은 실시예 2에 따라 제조된 양극 활물질을 20,000 배율로 확대한 SEM 사진이다.
도 4는 비교예 1에 따라 제조된 양극 활물질을 20,000 배율로 확대한 SEM 사진이다.
도 5는 비교예 2에 따라 제조된 양극 활물질을 20,000 배율로 확대한 SEM 사진이다.
도 6은 실시예 1에 따라 제조된 양극활물질의 DTG(derivative thermogravimetry)/DSC(differential scanning calorimetry) 측정결과를 나타내는 그래프이다.
1ST cycle(mAh/g) | 초기효율(%) | 수명특성(%) | 잔류리튬 (ppm) |
||
충전용량 | 방전용량 | ||||
실시예 1 | 196.4 | 183.8 | 93.6 | 97.2 | 949 |
실시예 2 | 196.5 | 183.2 | 93.3 | 97.1 | 960 |
비교예 1 | 195.2 | 180.8 | 92.6 | 95.1 | 1072 |
비교예 2 | 195.6 | 182.5 | 93.3 | 95.3 | 1048 |
C-rate별 방전용량(mAh/g) | 율특성(%) | ||||||||
0.1C | 0.2C | 1C | 2C | 3C | 0.2C/0.1C | 1C/0.1C | 2C/0.1C | 3C/0.1C | |
실시예 1 | 183.8 | 180.1 | 168.6 | 161.8 | 156.2 | 98.0 | 91.7 | 88.0 | 85.0 |
실시예 2 | 183.2 | 179.5 | 168.1 | 161.3 | 155.2 | 98.0 | 91.7 | 88.0 | 84.7 |
비교예 1 | 180.8 | 177.3 | 165.9 | 158.0 | 151.2 | 98.1 | 91.8 | 87.4 | 83.6 |
비교예 2 | 182.5 | 178.9 | 167.0 | 158.2 | 150.7 | 98.0 | 91.5 | 86.7 | 82.5 |
Claims (17)
- 하기의 화학식 1로 표시되는 층상구조의 리튬금속산화물에, 금속산화물 및 불소화합물 중 선택된 1종 이상의 코팅물질을 투입하고 8,000rpm ~ 20,000rpm으로 교반하는 코팅 단계; 및
상기 코팅 단계 이후에 획득된 분말을 800℃ ~ 1000℃에서 열처리하여 상기 리튬금속산화물의 표면 또는 내부에 하기의 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬화합물을 형성하는 열처리 단계를 포함하고,
상기 코팅 단계에는 건식코팅방법을 적용하고,
상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬화합물은 입자 형태로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법:
[화학식 1]
Li1-xNiyM1-yO2-z
(상기 화학식 1에서, M은 Co, Mn 중 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05, 0.6 ≤ y ≤ 1, 0 ≤ z ≤ 0.05 이다.)
[화학식 2]
Li2-x M`O3-y
(상기 화학식 2에서, M`는 Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru 및 F 중에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 3이다.) - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 코팅 단계에서 교반시간은 10초 ~ 60초인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 열처리 단계에서 상기 코팅물질은 상기 리튬금속산화물의 표면 또는 내부의 잔류리튬과 반응하여 상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬화합물을 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제3항에 있어서,
상기 열처리 단계를 수행한 뒤, 상기 잔류리튬의 양은 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 리튬금속산화물을 단독으로 열처리하였을 때의 잔류리튬 대비 10% ~ 20% 감소하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 금속산화물은 Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo 및 Ru로 이루어진 그룹에서 선택된 1종 이상의 금속원소를 포함하는 산화물인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 금속산화물은 MgO, Al2O3, CaO, TiO2, V2O5, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, CuO, ZnO, Ga2O3, SrO, Y2O3, ZrO2, NbO2, MoO3 및 RuO2로 이루어진 그룹에서 선택된 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 불소화합물은 NaF, NH4F 및 PVDF로 이루어진 그룹에서 선택된 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬화합물의 함량은 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 리튬금속산화물 100중량부를 기준으로 0.01중량부 ~ 1.0 중량부인 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬화합물은 평균입경(D50)이 20nm ~ 200nm인 입자상인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항의 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법에 의하여 제조된, 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항의 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법에 의해 제조된 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질을 포함하는 리튬이차전지.
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PCT/KR2015/008732 WO2016108384A1 (ko) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-08-21 | 리튬이온 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그의 제조방법 및 이것을 포함하는 리튬이온 이차전지 |
CN201580077217.5A CN107408686B (zh) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-08-21 | 用于锂离子二次电池的阴极活性物质、其制造方法及包含其的锂离子二次电池 |
US15/540,519 US10468673B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-08-21 | Cathode active material for lithium-ion secondary batteries, method for producing same, and lithium-ion secondary battery comprising same |
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KR20250093951A (ko) * | 2023-12-18 | 2025-06-25 | 포스코홀딩스 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
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