KR102341407B1 - 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 그 제조방법, 그리고 상기 양극 활물질을 채용한 양극과 리튬이차전지 - Google Patents
리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 그 제조방법, 그리고 상기 양극 활물질을 채용한 양극과 리튬이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 일 실시예에 따라 MOPS와 같은 유기버퍼를 사용한 경우, 양극 활물질 표면의 NiO 상의 두께 감소 및 Co-rich 성분의 표면 균일 코팅 특성을 보여주는 TEM 분석 사진이다.
도 3은 실시예 3, 비교예 1 및 비교예 2에서 제조된 양극 활물질 표면에 대한 전자주사현미경(SEM) 이미지이다.
도 4a 내지 4c는 각각 실시예 3, 비교예 1 및 비교예 2에서 제조된 양극활물질의 단면에 대한 HAADF(High-Angle Annular Dark Field) STEM 및 EDS(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) 이미지이다.
도 5a 내지 5c는 각각 실시예 3, 비교예 1 및 비교예 2에서 제조된 양극활물질의 단면에 대한 고분해능 투과전자현미경 (HRTEM) 이미지이다.
도 6은 실시예 3 및 비교예 1에서 2차 열처리 전 건조물과 MOPS 분말의 TG(thermal gravimetry) 열분해 분석 결과이다.
도 7은 실시예 3 및 비교예 1에서 2차 열처리 전 건조물과 MOPS 분말의 EGA(evolved gas analysis) 수행 결과이다.
도 8은 실시예 5, 6, 7 및 비교예 4, 5에서 제조된 리튬이차전지의 상온에서의, 충방전 전압범위 4.35-2.8V의 충방전 사이클별 방전용량 측정 결과이다.
도 9는 실시예 7 및 비교예 4에서 제조된 리튬이차전지의 상온에서의 충방전 사이클에서 GITT(Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique) 측정 결과이다.
도 10은 실시예 5, 6, 7 및 비교예 4, 5에서 제조된 리튬이차전지의 상온에서의, 충방전 전압범위 4.30-2.8V의 충방전 사이클별 방전용량 측정 결과이다.
도 11은 실시예 11 및 비교예 7에서 제조된 리튬이차전지의 고온 충방전에 따른 사이클별 용량유지율 측정 결과이다.
도 12는 실시예 11 및 비교예 7에서 제조된 리튬이차전지의 사이클별 직류 저항(DCIR) 증가율 측정 결과이다.
도 13은 실시예 11 및 비교예 7에서 제조된 리튬이차전지의 고온 저장 후 직류 저항(DCIR) 증가율 측정 결과이다.
도 14는 실시예 11 및 비교예 7에서 제조된 리튬이차전지의 사이클별 AC 임피던스 (Rs 및 RCT) 측정 결과이다.
도 15는 실시예 11 및 비교예 7에서 제조된 리튬이차전지의 고온 저장 후 AC 임피던스 (Rs 및 RCT) 측정 결과이다.
도 16은 일 구현예에 따른 리튬이차전지의 구조를 개략적으로 도시한 것이다.
세정 및 코팅처리 | Li2CO3 [wt%] |
LiOH [wt%] |
잔류 리튬 함량 [ppm] |
||
버퍼 | 코팅 | ||||
Bare | 1.217 | 1.006 | 4055 | ||
비교예 1 | N/A | 0.75ww% Co3Mg2 |
0.214 | 0.410 | 1389 |
실시예 1 | 0.027M MOPS |
0.75ww% Co3Mg2 |
0.163 | 0.415 | 1355 |
실시예 2 | 0.035M MOPS |
0.75ww% Co3Mg2 |
0.132 | 0.516 | 1617 |
실시예 3 | 0.050M MOPS |
0.75ww% Co3Mg2 |
0.156 | 0.480 | 1536 |
비교예 2 | 0.050M NH4OH |
0.75ww% Co3Mg2 |
0.114 | 0.336 | 1018 |
양극 활물질 처리 | 1st 충전용량 [mAh/g] |
1st 방전용량 [mAh/g] |
초기효율 [%] |
표준 용량 [mAh/g] |
용량유지율 @27th [%] |
||
버퍼 | 코팅 | ||||||
비교예 4 | N/A | Co3Mg2 | 237 | 208 | 87.5 | 207 | 97.2 |
실시예 5 | 0.027M MOPS | Co3Mg2 | 238 | 210 | 88.3 | 209 | 99.9 |
실시예 6 | 0.035M MOPS | Co3Mg2 | 238 | 212 | 88.9 | 212 | 99.9 |
실시예 7 | 0.050M MOPS | Co3Mg2 | 238 | 217 | 91.2 | 215 | 99.9 |
비교예 5 | 0.050M NH4OH | Co3Mg2 | 240 | 216 | 89.8 | 213 | 97.6 |
세정 및 코팅처리 | Li2CO3 [wt%] |
LiOH [wt%] |
잔류 리튬 함량 [ppm] |
||
버퍼 | 코팅 | ||||
Bare | 1.385 | 0.811 | 3649 | ||
비교예 3 | N/A | N/A | 0.100 | 0.244 | 800 |
실시예 4 | 0.05M MOPS | N/A | 0.115 | 0.297 | 967 |
양극 활물질 처리 | 1st 충전용량 [mAh/g] |
1st 방전용량 [mAh/g] |
초기효율 [%] |
표준 용량 [mAh/g] |
용량유지율 @27th [%] |
||
버퍼 | 코팅 | ||||||
비교예 6 | N/A | N/A | 239 | 208 | 86.9 | 207 | 98.2 |
실시예 8 | 0.05M MOPS | N/A | 240 | 212 | 88.5 | 211 | 98.6 |
양극 활물질 처리 | 1st 충전용량 [mAh/g] |
1st 방전용량 [mAh/g] |
초기효율 [%] |
표준 용량 [mAh/g] |
용량유지율 @27th [%] |
||
버퍼 | 코팅 | ||||||
비교예 6 | N/A | N/A | 238 | 205 | 86.1 | 202 | 98.6 |
실시예 8 | 0.05M MOPS | N/A | 237 | 207 | 87.0 | 204 | 99.1 |
22: 음극
23: 양극
24: 세퍼레이터
25: 전지 용기
26: 봉입 부재
Claims (21)
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 전이금속 전구체 및 리튬 소스를 포함하는 혼합물을 제1 열처리하는 단계;
약산성 내지 중성의 유기버퍼를 포함한 용매를 이용하여 상기 제1 열처리 결과물을 세정하는 단계; 및
상기 세정된 결과물을 제2 열처리하는 단계;
를 포함하고, 상기 유기버퍼는 술폰기를 가진 양친매성 유기화합물을 포함하는, 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 삭제
- 제13항에 있어서,
상기 술폰기를 가진 양친매성 유기화합물은 MOPS (3-(N-모르폴리노)프로판술폰산), MES (2-(N-모르폴리노)에탄술폰산, HEPES (2-[4-(2-히드록시에틸)피페라진-1-일]에탄술폰산), PIPES (1,4-피페라진디에탄술폰산), TES (N-트리스(히드록시메틸)메틸-2-아미노에탄술폰산), ACES (2-(카바모일메틸아미노)에탄술폰산), BES (N,N-비스(2-히드록실-2-아미노)에탄술폰산) 및 CHES ((시클로헥실아미노)에탄술폰산)으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제13항에 있어서,
상기 유기버퍼는 상기 용매 내에 0.001 내지 2 M의 농도로 포함되는 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제13항에 있어서,
상기 유기버퍼는 상기 세정 중에 용매 내에 1회 이상 복수회 첨가되는 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제13항에 있어서,
상기 세정 단계에서 상기 용매에 상기 양극 활물질의 표면코팅을 위한 코팅층 원료를 더 투입하는 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제13항에 있어서,
상기 혼합물은 건식 혼합 방법에 의하여 준비되는 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제13항에 있어서,
상기 제1 열처리 단계는 공기 또는 산소 분위기에서 600 내지 1000 ℃ 온도에서 수행되는 양극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제13항에 있어서,
상기 제2 열처리 단계는 공기 또는 산소 분위기에서 600 내지 1000 ℃ 온도에서 수행되는 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
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