KR101285016B1 - 디플루오로인산염의 제조 방법, 2 차 전지용 비수계 전해액 및 비수계 전해액 2 차 전지 - Google Patents
디플루오로인산염의 제조 방법, 2 차 전지용 비수계 전해액 및 비수계 전해액 2 차 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101285016B1 KR101285016B1 KR1020127020753A KR20127020753A KR101285016B1 KR 101285016 B1 KR101285016 B1 KR 101285016B1 KR 1020127020753 A KR1020127020753 A KR 1020127020753A KR 20127020753 A KR20127020753 A KR 20127020753A KR 101285016 B1 KR101285016 B1 KR 101285016B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous electrolyte
- carbonate
- lithium
- electrolyte solution
- difluorophosphate
- Prior art date
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- DGTVXEHQMSJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-M difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [O-]P(F)(F)=O DGTVXEHQMSJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title abstract description 85
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 28
- -1 lithium hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 66
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- DGTVXEHQMSJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluorophosphinic acid Chemical class OP(F)(F)=O DGTVXEHQMSJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 60
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 50
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 36
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 32
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 28
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 4
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- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CCAFPWNGIUBUSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound CCS(=O)CC CCAFPWNGIUBUSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FNNQVYCCWJJBHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoro methyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OF)OF FNNQVYCCWJJBHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfite Chemical compound COS(=O)OC BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960004667 ethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021439 lithium cobalt complex oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021440 lithium nickel complex oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUQUOGPMUUJORT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 VUQUOGPMUUJORT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound COS(C)(=O)=O MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002900 methylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonyl difluoride Chemical group CP(F)(F)=O PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YYSONLHJONEUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-yl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CCC(CC)OC(O)=O YYSONLHJONEUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KBVUALKOHTZCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O KBVUALKOHTZCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical group CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXOBTBCNRIIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide Chemical compound O=S1CCCC1 ISXOBTBCNRIIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(methyl)azanium Chemical group CC[N+](C)(CC)CC SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/10—Halides or oxyhalides of phosphorus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/455—Phosphates containing halogen
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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Abstract
헥사플루오로인산리튬과 탄산염을 비수용매 중에서 반응시킴으로써, 디플루오로인산염을 제조한다. 비수용매 중에, 전해질 리튬염으로서 적어도 헥사플루오로인산염을 함유하고, 추가로 디플루오로인산염을 함유하여 이루어지는 비수계 전해액의 디플루오로인산염으로서, 이 반응 생성액을 공급한다. 이 비수계 전해액을 사용한 비수계 전해액 2 차 전지.
Description
초기용량 (mAh) |
내구후 용량 (mAh) |
|
실시예 4 | 700 | 622 |
비교예 3 | 700 | 596 |
참고예 1 | 700 | 621 |
비교예 4 | 700 | 596 |
전해액의 이산화탄소 측정량 (ppm) |
정극 활물질당의 초기용량 (mAh/g) |
정극 활물질당의 보존후용량 (mAh/g) |
회복률 (%) |
|
실시예 5 | 5897 | 156.5 | 148.9 | 95.14 |
실시예 6 | 1165 | 156.7 | 148.1 | 94.51 |
참고예 2 | 125 | 156.6 | 147.7 | 94.32 |
비교예 5 | 129 | 156.6 | 146.5 | 93.55 |
비수용매 | 저온 방전 용량 (mAh/g) |
디플루오로인산염에 의한 향상률 | |
실시예7 | EC : DMC : DEC | 80.1 | 비교예 6 에 대하여 52.6% |
실시예8 | EC : DMC : EMC | 79.5 | 비교예 7 에 대하여 48.9% |
참고예3 | EC : DEC | 62.8 | 비교예 8 에 대하여 36.5% |
비교예6 | EC : DMC : DEC | 52.5 | - |
비교예7 | EC : DMC : EMC | 53.4 | - |
비교예8 | EC : DEC | 46 | - |
초기용량 (mAh) |
출력 (W) |
출력 향상률 | 직류저항 | |
실시예 12 | 6005 | 502 | 비교예 9 에 대하여 18.4% | 5mΩ |
비교예 9 | 6005 | 424 | - | 5mΩ |
실시예 13 | 700 | 45 | 비교예 10 에 대하여 12.5% | 35mΩ |
비교예 10 | 700 | 40 | - | 35mΩ |
Claims (7)
- 비수용매 중에, 전해질 리튬염으로서 적어도 헥사플루오로인산염을 함유하고, 추가로 디플루오로인산리튬과 2 × 10-3㏖/㎏ 이상, 0.15㏖/㎏ 이하의 불화물염을 함유하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 2 차 전지용 비수계 전해액.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
그 비수용매가 에틸렌카보네이트, 프로필렌카보네이트, 디메틸카보네이트, 디에틸카보네이트, 및 에틸메틸카보네이트로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 것을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 2 차 전지용 비수계 전해액. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
그 비수용매가 적어도 에틸렌카보네이트 (EC), 디메틸카보네이트 (DMC) 및 디에틸카보네이트 (DEC) 를 함유하는 혼합 용매인 것을 특징으로 하는 2 차 전지용 비수계 전해액. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
그 비수용매가, 적어도 에틸렌카보네이트 (EC), 디메틸카보네이트 (DMC) 및 에틸메틸카보네이트 (EMC) 를 함유하는 혼합 용매인 것을 특징으로 하는 2 차 전지용 비수계 전해액. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
비수계 전해액 중의 디플루오로인산리튬의 농도가 1 × 10-2㏖/㎏ 이상, 0.5㏖/㎏ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 2 차 전지용 비수계 전해액. - 비수계 전해액과, 리튬 이온을 흡장 및 방출 가능한 부극(負極)과, 정극(正極)을 구비한 비수계 전해액 2 차 전지에 있어서, 그 비수계 전해액이 제 1 항에 기재된 2 차 전지용 비수계 전해액인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해액 2 차 전지.
- 비수계 전해액과, 리튬 이온을 흡장 및 방출 가능한 부극과, 정극을 구비한 비수계 전해액 2 차 전지에 있어서, 그 비수계 전해액이 제 1 항에 기재된 2 차 전지용 비수계 전해액이고, 또한 하기 (i), (ii) 및 (iii) 으로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 조건을 만족하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해액 2 차 전지.
(i) 상기 2 차 전지의 외장의 표면적에 대한 상기 정극의 전극 면적의 총합이 면적비로 20 배 이상이다.
(ii) 상기 2 차 전지의 직류 저항 성분이 10 밀리오옴 (mΩ) 미만이다.
(iii) 상기 2 차 전지의 1 개의 전지 외장에 수납되는 전지 요소가 갖는 전기 용량이 3 암페어아워 (Ah) 이상이다.
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EP (3) | EP2647598B1 (ko) |
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EP2647599A1 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
EP2647598B1 (en) | 2016-05-04 |
CN101847753B (zh) | 2012-02-29 |
EP1905739B1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
CN101847754A (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
US8980214B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 |
WO2006137177A1 (ja) | 2006-12-28 |
CN101847754B (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
CN101208266B (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
KR20080018897A (ko) | 2008-02-28 |
US20080305402A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
EP1905739A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
CN101208266A (zh) | 2008-06-25 |
EP1905739A4 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
EP2647598A1 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
CN101847753A (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
EP2647599B1 (en) | 2018-05-23 |
KR20120106886A (ko) | 2012-09-26 |
US20120100435A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
US9593016B2 (en) | 2017-03-14 |
KR101285000B1 (ko) | 2013-07-10 |
KR20130006707A (ko) | 2013-01-17 |
KR101338814B1 (ko) | 2013-12-06 |
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