KR100528345B1 - 고분자 나노 복합막 및 이를 채용한 연료 전지 - Google Patents
고분자 나노 복합막 및 이를 채용한 연료 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100528345B1 KR100528345B1 KR10-2003-0060436A KR20030060436A KR100528345B1 KR 100528345 B1 KR100528345 B1 KR 100528345B1 KR 20030060436 A KR20030060436 A KR 20030060436A KR 100528345 B1 KR100528345 B1 KR 100528345B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- inorganic material
- hydrogen ion
- polymer
- ion conductive
- conductive inorganic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 14
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical group O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 sodium calcium aluminum magnesium Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005588 protonation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- IKYAJDOSWUATPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCS IKYAJDOSWUATPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001649 dickite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940009868 aluminum magnesium silicate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001588 amesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000273 nontronite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000276 sauconite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001771 thuringite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1025—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon and oxygen, e.g. polyethers, sulfonated polyetheretherketones [S-PEEK], sulfonated polysaccharides, sulfonated celluloses or sulfonated polyesters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1027—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having carbon, oxygen and other atoms, e.g. sulfonated polyethersulfones [S-PES]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/103—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1032—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1037—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having silicon, e.g. sulfonated crosslinked polydimethylsiloxanes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
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- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1044—Mixtures of polymers, of which at least one is ionically conductive
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
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- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1046—Mixtures of at least one polymer and at least one additive
- H01M8/1048—Ion-conducting additives, e.g. ion-conducting particles, heteropolyacids, metal phosphate or polybenzimidazole with phosphoric acid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1053—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends consisting of layers of polymers with at least one layer being ionically conductive
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (25)
- 나노사이즈의 층간 거리를 갖는 무기물의 층간에 수소 이온 전도성을 갖는 작용기 함유 모이어티가 도입된 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 수소 이온 전도성을 갖는 작용기 함유 모이어티가 술폰산기, 카르복실산기 또는 H3PO4 함유 모이어티인 것을 특징으로 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 술폰산기 함유 모이어티가,상기 무기물과 에테르(-O-) 결합으로 연결되어 있고, 말단에 술폰산기를 갖고 있는 실리케이트인 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 술폰산기 함유 모이어티가,가수분해성 알콕시기와 티올기를 함유하고 있는 알콕시실란의 가수분해 및 탈수 축합 반응으로 얻어진 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 알콕시실란이 3-메르캅토프로필 트리메톡시실란, 3-메르캅토프로필메틸디메톡시실란으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 나노사이즈의 층간 거리를 갖는 무기물이 몬모릴로나이트(montmorillonite), 하이드레이트 소듐 칼슘 알루미늄 마그네슘 실리케이트 하이드록사이드(Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminum Magnesium Silicate Hydroxide), 파이로필라이트(pyrophyllite), 탈크(talc), 버미큘라이트(vermiculite), 사우코나이트(sauconite), 사포나이트(saponite), 논트로나이트(nontronite), 에임자이트(Amesite), 베일레이클로어(Baileychlore), 차모사이트(Chamosite), 클리노클로어(Clinochlore) (kaemmererite), 쿠카이트(Cookeite), 커런도필라이트(Corundophilite), 대프나이트(Daphnite), 델레사이트(Delessite), 고니어라이트(Gonyerite), 니마이트(Nimite), 오디나이트(Odinite), 오르토챠모사이트(Orthochamosite), 페니나이트(Penninite), 팬난타이트(Pannantite), 리피도라이트(Rhipidolite) (prochlore), 수도아이트(Sudoite), 투링자이트(Thuringite), 캐올리나이트(kaolinite), 딕카이트(dickite) 및 나크라이트(nacrite)로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 나노사이즈의 층간 거리를 갖는 무기물의 층간거리가 0.1 내지 10 nm인 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 계면활성제가 더 부가된 것을 특징으로 하는 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 계면활성제가 도데실아민, 세틸트리메틸암모늄 브로마이드, 도데실트리메틸암모늄 브로마이드, 테트라부틸암모늄 하이드록사이드로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 수소 이온 전도성 무기물의 층간 거리가 0.1 내지 50 nm인 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물.
- (a-1) 나노사이즈의 층간 거리를 갖는 무기물 및 가수분해성 알콕시기와 자유 티올기를 함유하고 있는 알콕시실란을 반응시키는 단계; 및(b-1) 상기 반응 결과물에 산화제를 부가하여 산화반응을 실시한 후, 프로톤화 반응을 실시하는 단계를 포함하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물의 제조 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 나노사이즈의 층간구조를 갖는 무기물과 알콕시실란을 반응하기 이전에, 무기물에 계면활성제를 부가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물의 제조방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 계면활성제가 도데실아민, 세틸트리메틸암모늄 브로마이드, 도데실트리메틸암모늄 브로마이드, 테트라부틸암모늄 하이드록사이드로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물의 제조방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 (a-1) 단계의 반응온도는 60 내지 150℃인 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물의 제조방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 산화제가 H2O2, K2O2 또는 BaO 2인 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물의 제조방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 (b-1) 단계의 산화반응 온도가 25 내지 60℃인 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물의 제조방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 프로톤화 반응시, 황산, 인산 또는 아세트산을 이용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 층간 구조의 수소 이온 전도성 무기물의 제조방법.
- 제1항내지 제10항중 어느 한 항의 층간 구조를 갖는 수소 이온 전도성 무기물과, 전도성 고분자의 반응 생성물을 포함하는 고분자 나노 복합막.
- 제18항에 있어서, (i) 상기 전도성 고분자가 수소 이온 전도성 무기물의 층간구조에 인터칼레이션되어 있거나,(ii) 상기 전도성 고분자내에, 수소 이온 전도성 무기물을 구성하는 각 층의 박리(exfoliation) 결과물이 분산되어 있거나 또는(iii) 이들 혼합 구조를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 고분자 나노 복합막.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 전도성 고분자가 퍼플루오리네이티드 술폰산 고분자, 술포네이티드 폴리이미드, 술포네이티드 폴리에테르케톤, 술포네이티드 폴리스티렌, 술포네이티드 폴리술폰으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 고분자 나노 복합막.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 전도성 고분자가 층간 구조를 갖는 수소 이온 전도성 무기물 100 중량부를 기준으로 하여 3 내지 20 중량부인 것을 특징으로 하는 고분자 나노 복합막.
- 제1항 내지 제10항중 어느 한 항의 층간 구조를 갖는 수소 이온 전도성 무기물과, 전도성 고분자의 혼합물을 60 내지 150 ℃에서 반응시킨 후, 막 형성단계를 거치는 것을 특징으로 하는 고분자 나노 복합막의 제조방법.
- 제22항에 있어서, 상기 막 형성단계가, 수소 이온 전도성 무기물과, 전도성 고분자의 혼합물의 반응 결과물을 고분자막틀에 넣고, 이를 40 내지 150℃로 유지된 오븐에서 유지하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고분자 나노 복합막의 제조방법.
- 제1항 내지 제10항중 어느 한 항의 층간 구조를 갖는 수소 이온 전도성 무기물과, 전도성 고분자의 반응 생성물을 포함하는 고분자 나노 복합막을 채용한 연료전지.
- 제24항에 있어서, 직접 메탄올 연료 전지인 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지.
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US5795496A (en) * | 1995-11-22 | 1998-08-18 | California Institute Of Technology | Polymer material for electrolytic membranes in fuel cells |
DE19817376A1 (de) * | 1998-04-18 | 1999-10-21 | Univ Stuttgart Lehrstuhl Und I | Säure-Base-Polymerblends und ihre Verwendung in Membranprozessen |
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KR100407793B1 (ko) | 2001-09-04 | 2003-12-01 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 분리능이 있는 수소 이온 교환 복합막, 복합 용액, 그제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 |
KR100413801B1 (ko) * | 2001-10-30 | 2004-01-03 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전도성 무기 나노 입자 함유 고분자 전해질 및 이를채용한 연료전지 |
JP3679104B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-30 | 2005-08-03 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | プロトン伝導性膜、その製造方法及びそれを用いた燃料電池 |
JPWO2004038839A1 (ja) | 2002-10-22 | 2006-02-23 | エルジ ケミカル リミテッド | 層状ケイ酸塩鉱物及びその層間化合物を固体電解質膜に用いた燃料電池 |
KR100486728B1 (ko) | 2002-12-12 | 2005-05-03 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 나노복합전해질막 및 이를 채용한 연료전지 |
JP4107116B2 (ja) | 2003-03-14 | 2008-06-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | プロトン伝導性材料、プロトン伝導性材料膜、及び燃料電池 |
-
2003
- 2003-08-29 KR KR10-2003-0060436A patent/KR100528345B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2004
- 2004-07-13 CN CNB2004100698683A patent/CN1320039C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-23 EP EP04254403.1A patent/EP1511112B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-27 JP JP2004248317A patent/JP4297850B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-08-27 US US10/927,194 patent/US7368198B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR100739643B1 (ko) | 2005-10-28 | 2007-07-13 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지용 고분자 전해질 막, 이를 포함하는 연료 전지용막-전극 어셈블리 및 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 시스템 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20050022744A (ko) | 2005-03-08 |
JP2005079099A (ja) | 2005-03-24 |
US20050084728A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
CN1320039C (zh) | 2007-06-06 |
EP1511112A1 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
CN1618846A (zh) | 2005-05-25 |
EP1511112B1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
JP4297850B2 (ja) | 2009-07-15 |
US7368198B2 (en) | 2008-05-06 |
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