KR100515298B1 - 비수성 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
비수성 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100515298B1 KR100515298B1 KR10-2003-0018226A KR20030018226A KR100515298B1 KR 100515298 B1 KR100515298 B1 KR 100515298B1 KR 20030018226 A KR20030018226 A KR 20030018226A KR 100515298 B1 KR100515298 B1 KR 100515298B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- carbonate
- lithium secondary
- group
- secondary battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical group COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical group O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- -1 sulfone compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical group FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N divinyl sulfone Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)C=C AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YUKILTJWFRTXGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 YUKILTJWFRTXGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylformamide Chemical compound CNC=O ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- LNVLGDVOEWXRHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-ethenylsulfonylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C=C LNVLGDVOEWXRHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BJEWLOAZFAGNPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylsulfonylethane Chemical compound CCS(=O)(=O)C=C BJEWLOAZFAGNPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WUIJTQZXUURFQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylethene Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C=C WUIJTQZXUURFQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical class COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UJTPZISIAWDGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylsulfonylbenzene Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UJTPZISIAWDGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- MBDNRNMVTZADMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolene Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CC=CC1 MBDNRNMVTZADMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- OQYOVYWFXHQYOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCCCO1 OQYOVYWFXHQYOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OTGQPYSISUUHAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-difluoro-5-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC(F)=CC(F)=C1 OTGQPYSISUUHAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PLDWAJLZAAHOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 PLDWAJLZAAHOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XPZBNEWAZPZUHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-fluoro-5-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC(F)=CC(Cl)=C1 XPZBNEWAZPZUHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YRGAYAGBVIXNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YRGAYAGBVIXNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1F MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MFJNOXOAIFNSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-3-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(F)=C1 MFJNOXOAIFNSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VIPWUFMFHBIKQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 VIPWUFMFHBIKQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FJSKXQVRKZTKSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylfuran Chemical compound CC=1C=COC=1C FJSKXQVRKZTKSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CRMJLJFDPNJIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-difluoro-1-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F CRMJLJFDPNJIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010090 LiAlO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QISSLHPKTCLLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Acetylcaprolactam Chemical compound CC(=O)N1CCCCCC1=O QISSLHPKTCLLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OHLUUHNLEMFGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylacetamide Chemical compound CNC(C)=O OHLUUHNLEMFGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfite Chemical compound COS(=O)OC BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006656 (C2-C4) alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005915 C6-C14 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 37
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 8
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910003307 Ni-Cd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018095 Ni-MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018477 Ni—MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Ti](O[N+]([O-])=O)(O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTCAGAIFZCHZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(ethylamino)-1-(3-fluorophenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCNC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1 DTCAGAIFZCHZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJPJQTDYNZXKQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromoanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 QJPJQTDYNZXKQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910016523 CuKa Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010586 LiFeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical group ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDSMHEZTLOUMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[O].[Co] Chemical class [Li].[O].[Co] IDSMHEZTLOUMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical compound [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYXUQEDFWHDILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Ni].[Mn].[Li] ZYXUQEDFWHDILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002194 amorphous carbon material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011304 carbon pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Abstract
Description
첨가제 | 초기두께(mm) | 고온방치 후 두께(mm) | 두께 변화율 | |
실시예 1 | FEC(2 중량%) | 4.15 | 4.82 | 116% |
실시예 2 | FEC(2 중량%)VS(0.25 중량%) | 4.15 | 4.45 | 107% |
실시예 3 | FEC(1 중량%)VS(0.25 중량%) | 4.15 | 4.29 | 103% |
실시예 6 | FEC(5 중량%) | 4.15 | 12.81 | 309% |
실시예 7 | FEC(5 중량%)VS(0.75 중량%) | 4.15 | 5.22 | 126% |
비교예 3 | - | 4.15 | 5.25 | 127% |
비교예 4 | VC(5 중량%) | 4.15 | 13.45 | 324% |
Claims (42)
- 리튬염; 고비점 유기 용매; 및 할로겐, 시아노기(CN) 및 니트로기(NO2)로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 치환기를 가지는 카보네이트 첨가제를 포함하고, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 전해질 총량에 대하여 0.01∼10 중량%로 사용되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 환형 카보네이트인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 하기 화학식 1의 카보네이트인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질:[화학식 1]상기 식에서 X는 할로겐, 시아노기(CN) 및 니트로기(NO2)로 이루어진 군에서 선택됨.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 플루오로에틸렌 카보네이트인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 삭제
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 전해질 총량에 대하여 0.01∼5 중량%로 사용되는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 리튬염은 LiPF6, LiBF4, LiSbF6, LiAsF6 , LiClO4, LiCF3SO3, Li(CF3SO2)2N, LiC4F 9SO3, LiAlO4, LiAlCl4, LiN(CxF2x+1 SO2)(CyF2y+1SO2)(여기서, x 및 y는 자연수임), LiCl, 및 LiI로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1 종 또는 2 종 이상인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 리튬염은 0.6 내지 2.0M의 농도로 사용되는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 고비점 유기 용매는 100℃ 이상의 비점을 가지는 용매인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 고비점 유기 용매는 150℃ 이상의 비점을 가지는 용매인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 고비점 유기 용매는 200℃ 이상의 비점을 가지는 용매인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 고비점 유기 용매는 감마-부티로락톤, 에틸렌 카보네이트, 디프로필 카보네이트, 산 무수물, N-메틸 피롤리돈, N-메틸아세트아미드, N-메틸 포름아미드, 아세토니트릴, 디메틸 포름아미드, 설포란, 디메틸 설폭사이드, 디메틸 설파이트 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전해질은 저비점 카보네이트계 유기 용매를 더 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 저비점 카보네이트계 유기 용매는 상기 카보네이트계 용매로는 디메틸 카보네이트(DMC), 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC), 메틸프로필 카보네이트(MPC), 에틸프로필 카보네이트(EPC), 메틸에틸 카보네이트(MEC), 프로필렌 카보네이트(PC), 부틸렌 카보네이트(BC) 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전해질은 하기 화학식 2의 방향족 탄화수소계 유기 용매를 더 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질:[화학식 2]상기 식에서 R은 할로겐 또는 탄소수 1 내지 10의 알킬기이고 n은 0 내지 6의 정수임.
- 제15항에 있어서, 상기 방향족 탄화수소계 유기용매는 벤젠, 플루오로벤젠, 톨루엔, 플루오로톨루엔, 트리플루오로톨루엔, 자일렌 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전해질은 하기 화학식 3의 유기 설폰계 화합물을 더 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질:[화학식 3]상기 식에서 R1 및 R2는 각각 독립적으로 1차, 2차 또는 3차 알킬기, 알케닐기, 아릴기 또는 사이클로 알킬기이거나 또는 R1 및 R2가 함께 고리를 형성함.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 R1 및 R2는 C1∼C4의 알킬기, C 2∼C4의 알케닐기, C6∼C14의 아릴기 또는 C3∼C6의 사이클로 알킬기인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 R1 및 R2중 어느 하나는 비닐기를 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제17항에 있어서, 상기 유기 설폰계 화합물은 비닐 설폰, 메틸비닐 설폰, 에틸비닐 설폰, 페닐 비닐설폰, 클로로페닐비닐설폰, 플루오로페닐비닐설폰, 테트라메틸렌 설폰, 부타디엔 설폰 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제17항에 있어서, 상기 유기 설폰계 화합물의 첨가량은 전해질 총량에 대하여 0.01 내지 10 중량%인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 유기 설폰계 화합물의 첨가량은 전해질 총량에 대하여 0.01 내지 6 중량%인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전해질은 하기 화학식 4의 화합물을 더 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질:[화학식 4]상기 식에서 R4은 탄소수 1 내지 10의 알킬기, 탄소수 1 내지 10의 알콕시기 또는 탄소수 6 내지 10의 아릴기이고, X는 할로겐이고, m과 n은 1 내지 5의 정수이고 m+n은 6 이하임.
- 제23항에 있어서, 상기 화학식 4의 화합물은 3-플루오로아니솔, 3-클로로아니솔, 3-브로모아니솔, 4-플루오로아니솔, 4-클로로아니솔, 4-브로모아니솔, 2,4-디플루오로아니솔, 3,5-디플루오로아니솔, 3-클로로-5-플루오로아니솔 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제23항에 있어서, 상기 화학식 4의 화합물의 첨가량은 전해질 총량에 대하여 0.01 내지 10 중량%인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제25항에 있어서, 상기 화학식 4의 화합물의 첨가량은 전해질 총량에 대하여 0.01 내지 6 중량%인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전해질은 전지의 스웰링을 억제할 수 있는 첨가제를 더 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제27항에 있어서, 상기 스웰링을 억제할 수 있는 첨가제는 프로판설톤(propane sultone), 비스페놀, 디메틸퓨란, 1,3-프로판디올 사이클릭 설페이트, N-아세틸카프로락탐(N-acetylcaprolactam), 유기 설폰계 화합물 및 아니솔계 화합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 화합물인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 리튬염; 고비점 유기 용매; 할로겐, 시아노기(CN) 및 니트로기(NO2)로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 치환기를 가지는 카보네이트 첨가제 및 하기 화학식 3의 유기 설폰계 화합물을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질:[화학식 3]상기 식에서 R1 및 R2는 각각 독립적으로 1차, 2차 또는 3차 알킬기, 알케닐기, 아릴기 또는 사이클로 알킬기이거나 또는 R1 및 R2가 함께 고리를 형성함.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 R1 및 R2는 C1∼C4의 알킬기, C 2∼C4의 알케닐기, C6∼C14의 아릴기 또는 C3∼C6의 사이클로 알킬기인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 R1 및 R2중 어느 하나는 비닐기를 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 유기 설폰계 화합물은 비닐 설폰, 메틸비닐 설폰, 에틸비닐 설폰, 페닐 비닐설폰, 클로로페닐비닐설폰, 플루오로페닐비닐설폰, 테트라메틸렌 설폰, 부타디엔 설폰 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 환형 카보네이트인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 하기 화학식 1의 카보네이트인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질:[화학식 1]상기 식에서 X는 할로겐, 시아노기(CN) 및 니트로기(NO2)로 이루어진 군에서 선택됨.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 플루오로에틸렌 카보네이트인 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 전해질 총량에 대하여 0.01∼10 중량%로 사용되는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 제36항에 있어서, 상기 카보네이트 첨가제는 전해질 총량에 대하여 0.01∼5 중량%로 사용되는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질.
- 리튬 이온의 가역적인 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션 가능한 물질, 리튬이온과 가역적으로 리튬-함유 화합물을 형성할 수 있는 물질 또는 황계 화합물을 양극 활물질로 포함하는 양극;리튬 이온의 가역적인 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션 가능한 물질, 리튬 금속, 또는 리튬 합금을 음극 활물질로 포함하는 음극;제1항 내지 제4항 및 제6항 내지 제37항중 어느 하나의 항에 따른 전해질을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제38항에 있어서, 상기 양극 활물질은 리튬-니켈계 산화물 또는 리튬-니켈-망간계 산화물인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제38항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질은 흑연인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제40항에 있어서, 상기 흑연은 천연 흑연을 1 내지 100%로 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제38항에 있어서, 상기 리튬 이차 전지가 리튬 이온 전지 또는 리튬 폴리머 전지인 리튬 이차 전지.
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KR10-2003-0018226A KR100515298B1 (ko) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-03-24 | 비수성 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
JP2003183257A JP4248322B2 (ja) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-06-26 | リチウム二次電池用電解質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
DE60335239T DE60335239D1 (de) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-08-21 | Nicht wässeriger Elektrolyt und den enthaltende Lithiumsekundärbatterie |
EP03090265A EP1463143B1 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-08-21 | A non-aqoeous electrolyte and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same |
CNB031556779A CN100461525C (zh) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-09-02 | 非水电解液和使用它的锂二次电池 |
US10/653,192 US7223500B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-09-03 | Non-aqueous electrolyte and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same |
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- 2003-03-24 KR KR10-2003-0018226A patent/KR100515298B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-26 JP JP2003183257A patent/JP4248322B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-21 EP EP03090265A patent/EP1463143B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-21 DE DE60335239T patent/DE60335239D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-02 CN CNB031556779A patent/CN100461525C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (5)
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KR100660065B1 (ko) | 2005-03-29 | 2006-12-21 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 피롤리디늄계 양쪽성 이온을 이용한 리튬염 및 그 제조방법 |
KR20140098647A (ko) | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-08 | 솔브레인 주식회사 | 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
US10847841B2 (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2020-11-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electrolyte additive for lithium battery, organic electrolyte solution including the same, and lithium battery including the same |
KR20190101772A (ko) | 2018-02-23 | 2019-09-02 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 전해액 조성물 및 이를 이용한 이차전지 |
WO2022092701A1 (ko) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-05 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 고리형 카보네이트를 함유하는 전해질을 포함하는 리튬-황 이차전지 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60335239D1 (de) | 2011-01-20 |
US7223500B2 (en) | 2007-05-29 |
KR20040083670A (ko) | 2004-10-06 |
US20040197667A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
CN100461525C (zh) | 2009-02-11 |
EP1463143B1 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
CN1532986A (zh) | 2004-09-29 |
JP4248322B2 (ja) | 2009-04-02 |
JP2005108440A (ja) | 2005-04-21 |
EP1463143A3 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
EP1463143A2 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
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