JP7497172B2 - 複合材、飛翔体及び複合材の製造方法 - Google Patents
複合材、飛翔体及び複合材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7497172B2 JP7497172B2 JP2020033742A JP2020033742A JP7497172B2 JP 7497172 B2 JP7497172 B2 JP 7497172B2 JP 2020033742 A JP2020033742 A JP 2020033742A JP 2020033742 A JP2020033742 A JP 2020033742A JP 7497172 B2 JP7497172 B2 JP 7497172B2
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 35
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 36
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000012700 ceramic precursor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 5
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C04B2237/582—Forming a gradient in composition or in properties across the laminate or the joined articles by joining layers or articles of the same composition but having different additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/58—Forming a gradient in composition or in properties across the laminate or the joined articles
- C04B2237/586—Forming a gradient in composition or in properties across the laminate or the joined articles by joining layers or articles of the same composition but having different densities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/61—Joining two substrates of which at least one is porous by infiltrating the porous substrate with a liquid, such as a molten metal, causing bonding of the two substrates, e.g. joining two porous carbon substrates by infiltrating with molten silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
図1に示すように、一実施の形態による複合材100は、複数の層(例えば第1層110、第2層120、第3層130を含む)を備える。複合材100は、加熱される外表面100aと、外表面100aに対向する内表面100bとを備える。複合材100の外表面100aが加熱され、加熱された熱は熱伝導により外表面100aから内表面100bに伝達される。第1層110は、複合材100の外表面100aを形成し、他の層、例えば第2層120、第3層130よりも耐熱性が高い材料で形成されてもよい。第2層120は、他の層、例えば第1層110、第3層130よりも断熱性が高い材料で形成されてもよい。第3層130は、複合材100の内表面100bを形成し、他の層、例えば第1層110、第2層120よりも高い強度、例えば引張強度、高温時の曲げ強度などを有する材料で形成されてもよい。引張強度は、例えば、JIS R 1606により測定される。高温時の曲げ強度は、例えば、JIS R 1604により測定され得る。
複合材100は、図6に示す方法により製造することができる。ステップS110において、繊維クロスにスラリーを含浸させたシートが複数準備される。例えば、第1層110に対応する第1シート210と、第2層120に対応する第2シート220と、第3層130に対応する第3シート230とが準備される。第1シート210と、第2シート220と、第3シート230とは、それぞれ複数準備されてもよい。
複合材100は、2層でもよく、3層以上でもよい。例えば、複合材100は、高い耐熱性を有する第1層110と、高い強度を有する第3層130とから構成されてもよい。複合材100は、第1層110と第2層120との間に、第1層110より耐熱性が低く、第2層120より耐熱性が高い層が設けられてもよい。
15 :推進装置
20 :成形型
30 :成形型
100 :複合材
100a :外表面
100b :内表面
110 :第1層
112 :第1強化繊維
114 :第1マトリクス
116 :第1前駆体
120 :第2層
122 :第2強化繊維
124 :第2マトリクス
126 :第2前駆体
130 :第3層
132 :第3強化繊維
134 :第3マトリクス
136 :第3前駆体
140 :吸湿防止コーティング
200 :積層体
210 :第1シート
212 :第1繊維クロス
214 :第1スラリー
220 :第2シート
222 :第2繊維クロス
224 :第2スラリー
230 :第3シート
232 :第3繊維クロス
234 :第3スラリー
300 :中間体
310 :孔
Claims (16)
- 第1繊維クロスに第1スラリーを含浸させた第1シートと、第2繊維クロスに第2スラリーを含浸させた第2シートとを積層することと、
積層した前記第1シートと前記第2シートとを熱分解によりセラミックスに変化する温度まで加熱し、中間体を生成することと、
前記中間体に第3スラリーを含浸させて、熱分解により前記第3スラリーがセラミックスに変化する温度より低い温度で加熱することと、
を含み、
前記第1スラリーは、融点または分解温度が2750℃以上の超耐熱セラミックス粒子を含み、前記第1スラリーの成分は、前記第2スラリーの成分と異なり、前記第2スラリーよりも前記超耐熱セラミックス粒子を多く含む複合材の製造方法。 - 前記低い温度は、前記第3スラリーの加熱による質量減少が加熱前の質量に対する所望の割合になる温度を含む
請求項1に記載の複合材の製造方法。 - 前記所望の割合は、10%以下を含む
請求項2に記載の複合材の製造方法。 - 前記第1スラリーが熱分解された第1焼結体の耐熱性は、前記第2スラリーが熱分解された第2焼結体の耐熱性よりも高い
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の複合材の製造方法。 - 前記第2焼結体の強度は、前記第1焼結体の強度よりも高い
請求項4に記載の複合材の製造方法。 - 前記積層することは、第3繊維クロスに第4スラリーを含浸させた第3シートを、前記第1シートと前記第2シートとの間に積層することを含み、
前記第4スラリーの成分は、前記第1スラリーの成分と、前記第2スラリーの成分と異なる
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の複合材の製造方法。 - 前記第4スラリーが熱分解された第3焼結体の断熱性は、前記第1スラリーが熱分解された第1焼結体の断熱性よりも高い
請求項6に記載の複合材の製造方法。 - 前記第4スラリーが熱分解された第3焼結体の断熱性は、前記第2スラリーが熱分解された第2焼結体の断熱性よりも高い
請求項6または7に記載の複合材の製造方法。 - 第1マトリクスを有する第1層と、
第2マトリクスを有し、前記第1層の下に設けられた第2層と、
を備え、
前記第1層は、前記第1マトリクスの前駆体を含み、
前記第1マトリクスは、融点または分解温度が2750℃以上の超耐熱セラミックス粒子を含み、前記第2マトリクスの成分は、前記第1マトリクスの成分と異なり、前記第2マトリクスよりも前記超耐熱セラミックス粒子を多く含む複合材。 - 前記第1層の耐熱性は、前記第2層の耐熱性よりも高い
請求項9に記載の複合材。 - 前記第2層の強度は、前記第1層の強度よりも高い
請求項9または10に記載の複合材。 - 第3マトリクスを有し、前記第1層と前記第2層との間に設けられた第3層をさらに備え、
前記第3層の断熱性は、前記第1層の断熱性よりも高い
請求項9から11のいずれか1項に記載の複合材。 - 前記第3層の断熱性は、前記第2層の断熱性よりも高い
請求項12に記載の複合材。 - 前記第1層は、外表面を形成し、
前記外表面は、空気の流れを整える
請求項9から13のいずれか1項に記載の複合材。 - 前記空気の流れは、音速以上である
請求項14に記載の複合材。 - 請求項9から15のいずれか1項に記載の複合材を空力加熱が加えられる部分に備える飛翔体
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