JP7339944B2 - がんの処置におけるcar-t細胞またはcar-nk細胞を用いるlilrb4のターゲティング法 - Google Patents
がんの処置におけるcar-t細胞またはcar-nk細胞を用いるlilrb4のターゲティング法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2017年11月7日出願の米国特許仮出願第62/582,769号、2017年11月9日出願の同第62/583,825号、および2017年11月11日出願の同第62/584,770号からの優先権の恩典を主張し、各々の内容を参照により本明細書に組み入れる。
本開示は、概して、医学、免疫学、細胞生物学、および分子生物学の分野に関する。特定の局面において、本開示の分野は、免疫療法に関する。より具体的に、キメラ抗原受容体(CAR)T細胞およびNK細胞、ならびにそのような細胞を使用する治療法に関する。
T細胞は、選択された標的細胞型の細胞表面抗原を非MHC拘束様式で特異的に認識する、膜貫通ドメインおよびシグナル伝達分子または分子群を含む細胞内ドメインに融合された抗体の単鎖可変フラグメント(scFv)をコードする遺伝物質により形質導入され得る。腫瘍関連抗原を標的にするそのようなキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)-T細胞は、いくつかの悪性腫瘍、最も注目すべきは前駆B細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病の処置における可能性を示した。しかし、他の腫瘍の処置のためのCAR-T細胞療法に対する大きな制約は、正常な細胞のon-target/off-tumor除去の可能性である。CAR-T細胞を腫瘍に対して効果的に利用するためには、腫瘍細胞または腫瘍微小環境細胞に対して高い特異性を有する抗原が同定され標的にされなければならない。
第1の態様において、LILRB4に結合するキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)タンパク質が提供される。CARタンパク質は、1 nMを下回るがゼロより大きい、例えば、0.05~0.99 nM、0.05~0.9 nM、0.05~0.8 nM、0.05~0.7 nM、0.05~0.6 nM、0.05~0.5 nM、0.05~0.4 nM、0.05~0.3 nM、0.05~0.2 nM、または0.05~0.1 nMの、LILRB4に対する結合親和性(ELISAによって測定されたEC50)を有し得る。CARタンパク質は、(i)SEQ ID NO:1~3のVH CDR 1~3およびSEQ ID NO:4~6のVL CDR 1~3、または(ii)SEQ ID NO:11~13のVH CDR 1~3およびSEQ ID NO:14~16のVL CDR 1~3を含み得る。CARタンパク質は、SEQ ID NO:7と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:9と少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、または少なくとも99%同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含み得る。CARタンパク質は、SEQ ID NO:7と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:9と同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含み得る。CARタンパク質は、SEQ ID NO:17と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:19と少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、または少なくとも99%同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含み得る。CARタンパク質は、SEQ ID NO:17と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:19と同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含み得る。CARタンパク質は、SEQ ID NO:21~23、31~33、または40~41と少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、または少なくとも99%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含み得る。CARタンパク質は、SEQ ID NO:21~23、31~33、または40~41と同一であるアミノ酸配列を含み得る。
LILRB4に結合する、キメラ抗原受容体(CAR)タンパク質。
[本発明1002]
1 nMを下回るがゼロより大きい、LILRB4に対する結合親和性(ELISAによって測定されたEC 50 )
を有する、本発明1001のCARタンパク質。
[本発明1003]
前記結合親和性が、0.05~0.99 nM、0.05~0.9 nM、0.05~0.8 nM、0.05~0.7 nM、0.05~0.6 nM、0.05~0.5 nM、0.05~0.4 nM、0.05~0.3 nM、0.05~0.2 nM、または0.05~0.1 nMである、本発明1002のCARタンパク質。
[本発明1004]
(i)SEQ ID NO:1~3のVH CDR 1~3およびSEQ ID NO:4~6のVL CDR 1~3、または(ii)SEQ ID NO:11~13のVH CDR 1~3およびSEQ ID NO:14~16のVL CDR 1~3を含む、本発明1001のCARタンパク質。
[本発明1005]
SEQ ID NO:7と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:9と少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、または少なくとも99%同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含む、本発明1001のCARタンパク質。
[本発明1006]
SEQ ID NO:7と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:9と同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含む、本発明1001のCARタンパク質。
[本発明1007]
SEQ ID NO:17と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:19と少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、または少なくとも99%同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含む、本発明1001のCARタンパク質。
[本発明1008]
SEQ ID NO:17と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:19と同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含む、本発明1001のCARタンパク質。
[本発明1009]
SEQ ID NO:21~23、31~33、または40~41と少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、または少なくとも99%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、本発明1001のCARタンパク質。
[本発明1010]
SEQ ID NO:21~23、31~33、または40~41と同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、本発明1001のCARタンパク質。
[本発明1011]
本発明1001~1010のいずれかのCARタンパク質をコードする、ポリヌクレオチド分子。
[本発明1012]
真核生物細胞において活性なプロモーターをさらに含む、本発明1011のポリヌクレオチド分子。
[本発明1013]
発現ベクターとしてさらに定義される、本発明1011のポリヌクレオチド分子。
[本発明1014]
LILRB4に結合するキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)をコードするポリヌクレオチド分子を含む、操作された細胞。
[本発明1015]
前記ポリヌクレオチド分子が本発明1001~1010のいずれかのCARをコードする、本発明1014の細胞。
[本発明1016]
T細胞である、本発明1014の細胞。
[本発明1017]
NK細胞である、本発明1014の細胞。
[本発明1018]
トランスポザーゼをさらに含む、本発明1014の細胞。
[本発明1019]
それを必要とするヒト対象においてがんを処置する方法であって、有効量の細胞療法を該対象に実施する工程を含み、該細胞療法が、本発明1014~1018のいずれかの細胞を1種類または複数種類含む、該方法。
[本発明1020]
第2のがん療法を前記ヒト対象に実施する工程をさらに含む、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1021]
前記第2のがん療法が、化学療法、免疫療法、放射線療法、ホルモン療法、または手術である、本発明1020の方法。
[本発明1022]
前記第2のがん療法が前記細胞療法と同時に実施される、本発明1020の方法。
[本発明1023]
前記第2のがん療法が前記細胞療法の前または後に実施される、本発明1020の方法。
[本発明1024]
本発明1014~1018のいずれかの1種類または複数種類の細胞の有効量についての第2の投与を前記ヒト対象に実施する工程をさらに含む、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1025]
前記がんが、転移性、再発性、または薬物耐性のがんである、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1026]
前記細胞療法が、がん部位局所的に、がん部位を構成する領域に、または全身的に実施される、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1027]
前記がんがAMLである、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1028]
前記がんが血液悪性腫瘍であり、該血液悪性腫瘍が、前駆B細胞急性リンパ性白血病(前駆B ALL)、B細胞白血病、慢性リンパ芽球性白血病(CLL)、多発性骨髄腫(MM)、および芽球性形質細胞様樹状細胞腫瘍(BPDCN)を含む、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1029]
前記がんが固形がんであり、該固形がんが、乳がん、肺がん、または前立腺がんを含む、本発明1019の方法。
本開示の他の目的、特徴、および利点は、以下の詳細な説明から明らかとなるであろう。しかし、詳細な説明および具体的実施例は、本開示の好ましい態様を示しているものの、この詳細な説明から本開示の精神および範囲内での様々な変更および改変が当業者に明らかとなることから、例示目的で提供されるにすぎないことを理解されるべきである。
急性骨髄性白血病(AML)は、処置が困難な疾患であることが確認されており、患者のほぼ40~60%が再発性または難治性の疾患により死亡する。集中的な多剤化学療法および幹細胞移植を用いる従来の処置は、転帰を改善することができず、したがって、新しい治療戦略が必要とされている。CD19に対するキメラ抗原受容体-T(CAR-T)細胞は、前駆B ALLにおいて持続的な疾患寛解を首尾よく達成および維持することが証明されているが、AML白血病細胞で特異的に発現しかつ正常な造血幹細胞および前駆細胞(HSPC)では発現しない同様の標的は、AMLのCAR-T処置を支援するためには同定されていない。
本開示において、それ以外のことが具体的に示されていない限り、単数形の使用は複数形を含み、「1つの(a)」または「1つの(an)」という語は、「少なくとも1つ」を意味し、「または」の使用は、「および/または」を意味する。さらに、「含む(including)」という用語ならびに他の形態、例えば「含む(includes)」および「含まれる(included)」の使用は、非限定的な意味で使用される。また、「要素」または「成分」等の用語は、それ以外のことが具体的に示されていない限り、1つの単位を含む要素および成分ならびに2つ以上の単位を含む要素または成分の両方を含む。
急性骨髄性白血病(AML)は、骨髄において増殖する異常な白血球の急激な成長および正常な血液細胞の産生との干渉により特徴づけられる、骨髄系の血液細胞のがんである。AMLは、成人が罹患する最も一般的な急性白血病であり、その罹患率は年齢と共に上昇する。AMLは、米国におけるがんによる死亡のおよそ1.2%または人口100,000人あたり3.7人と見積もられる比較的まれな疾患であるが、症例の数は、集団の高齢化に伴い増加すると考えられる。AMLはまた、およそ15~20%の小児急性白血病症例を含む。
「キメラ抗原受容体」(CAR)は、本明細書で使用される場合、免疫エフェクター細胞、例えばT細胞およびNK細胞に、所望の抗原特異性を植え付けることができる人工受容体を表す。典型的に、CARタンパク質は、所望の特異性を導入する細胞外ドメイン、膜貫通ドメイン、および免疫エフェクター細胞が抗原に結合した場合に免疫エフェクター細胞にシグナルを伝達する細胞内ドメインを含む。特定の態様において、細胞外ドメインは、リーダーペプチド、抗原認識領域およびスペーサー領域を含む。特定の態様において、抗原認識領域は、その抗原に特異的に結合する抗体由来である。特定の態様において、抗原認識領域は、その抗体由来の単鎖可変フラグメント(scFv)である。特定の態様において、単鎖可変フラグメント(scFv)は、ヒト化抗体由来である(HuCAR scFv)。特定の態様において、単鎖可変フラグメントは、フレキシブルリンカーを通じて軽鎖可変領域に融合された重鎖可変領域を含む。
のポリペプチド配列を有する。いくつかの態様において、CD8α膜貫通ドメインは、
の核酸配列によってコードされるタンパク質である。
のポリペプチド配列を有する。いくつかの態様において、CD28膜貫通ドメインは、
の核酸配列によってコードされるタンパク質である。
のアミノ酸配列を有するタンパク質CD3zIso1である。いくつかの態様において、細胞内T細胞シグナルドメインは、
の核酸配列によってコードされる
のアミノ酸配列を有するタンパク質CD3zIso3である。
のポリペプチド配列を有する。いくつかの態様において、CD28細胞内共刺激シグナルドメインは、
の核酸配列によってコードされるタンパク質である。いくつかの態様において、4-1BB細胞内共刺激シグナルドメインは、
のポリペプチド配列を有する。いくつかの態様において、4-1BB細胞内共刺激シグナルドメインは、
の核酸配列によってコードされるタンパク質である。
を含む。
の核酸によってコードされるリーダーペプチド、SEQ ID NO:8またはSEQ ID NO:18(表1を参照のこと)の核酸によってコードされる抗LILRB4重鎖可変ドメイン、
の核酸によってコードされるリンカードメイン、SEQ ID NO:10またはSEQ ID NO:20(表1を参照のこと)の核酸によってコードされる抗LILRB4軽鎖可変ドメイン、
の核酸によってコードされるヒンジ領域、SEQ ID NO:27の核酸によってコードされるCD28細胞内共刺激シグナルドメイン、SEQ ID NO:28の核酸によってコードされる4-1BB細胞内共刺激シグナルドメイン、およびSEQ ID NO:29の核酸によってコードされるCD3-ζ細胞内T細胞シグナルドメインを含む。
本開示の特定の態様は、キメラ抗原受容体(CAR)を発現する免疫細胞に関する。免疫細胞は、T細胞(例えば、制御性T細胞、CD4+ T細胞、CD8+ T細胞、もしくはγ・δT細胞)、ナチュラルキラー(NK)細胞、インバリアントNK細胞、またはNKT細胞であり得る。免疫細胞を製造および操作する方法、ならびに該細胞が自己または同種異系であり得る場合の養子細胞療法のために該細胞を使用および投与する方法も、本明細書に提供される。したがって、免疫細胞は、免疫療法として、例えばがん細胞を標的にするために使用され得る。
いくつかの態様において、免疫細胞はT細胞である。この20年の間に、機能的な抗腫瘍エフェクター細胞の誘導、活性化、および増大のための様々な基本的アプローチが報告された。これらは、自己細胞、例えば腫瘍浸潤性リンパ球(TIL);自己DC、リンパ球、人工抗原提示細胞(APC)もしくはT細胞リガンドおよび活性化抗体でコーティングされたビーズ、または標的細胞膜を捕捉することによって単離された細胞を用いてエクスビボ活性化されたT細胞;生来的に抗宿主腫瘍T細胞受容体(TCR)を発現する同種異系細胞;ならびに「T-ボディ」として公知の抗体様腫瘍認識能力を示す腫瘍反応性TCRまたはキメラTCR分子を発現するよう遺伝的に再プログラムされたまたは「リダイレクト」された非腫瘍特異的自己または同種異系細胞を含む。これらのアプローチは、本明細書に記載される方法において使用され得るT細胞の調製および免疫化のための多くのプロトコールを生み出した。
いくつかの態様において、免疫細胞は、ナチュラルキラー(NK)細胞である。ナチュラルキラー(NK)細胞は、様々な腫瘍細胞、ウイルス感染細胞ならびに骨髄および胸腺の一部の正常細胞に対する自然細胞障害性を有するリンパ球の部分集団である。NK細胞は、形質転換したおよびウイルス感染した細胞に対する初期の自然免疫応答の重要なエフェクターである。NK細胞は、ヒト末梢血におけるリンパ球の約10%を占める。リンパ球がインターロイキン2(IL-2)の存在下で培養されると、強い細胞障害反応性が生じる。NK細胞は、それらの大きなサイズおよびそれらの細胞質における特徴的なアズール親和性顆粒の存在から、大顆粒リンパ球として公知となっているエフェクター細胞である(Herberman, 1986)。NK細胞は、骨髄、リンパ節、脾臓、扁桃腺、および胸腺において分化および成熟する。NK細胞は、特定の表面マーカー、例えばヒトにおいてはCD16、CD56、およびCD8によって検出され得る。NK細胞は、T細胞抗原受容体、汎TマーカーCD3または表面免疫グロブリンB細胞受容体を発現しない。
免疫細胞(例えば、自己または同種異系T細胞(例えば、制御性T細胞、CD4+ T細胞、CD8+ T細胞、もしくはγ・δT細胞)、NK細胞、インバリアントNK細胞、またはNKT細胞)は、抗原受容体、例えば操作されたTCRおよび/またはキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)を発現するよう遺伝子操作され得る。例えば、宿主細胞(例えば、自己または同種異系T細胞)は、がん抗原に対する抗原特異性を有するT細胞受容体(TCR)を発現するよう改変される。特定の態様において、NK細胞は、TCRを発現するよう操作される。NK細胞はさらに、CARを発現するよう操作され得る。例えば異なる抗原に対する、複数のCARおよび/またはTCRが、単一の細胞型、例えばT細胞またはNK細胞に添加され得る。
A. 処置
いくつかの態様において、本開示は、本開示の免疫細胞の有効量を投与する工程を含む免疫療法を提供する。1つの態様において、医学的疾患または障害が、免疫応答を誘発する免疫細胞集団の導入によって処置される。本開示の特定の態様において、がんまたは感染が、免疫応答を誘発する免疫細胞集団の導入によって処置される。有効量の抗原特異的細胞療法を個体に実施する工程を含む、個体においてがんを処置するかまたはがんの進行を遅延させる方法が、本明細書に提供される。本開示は、免疫障害、固形がん、血液がん、およびウイルス感染の処置のために適用され得る。
免疫細胞(例えば、T細胞またはNK細胞)および薬学的に許容される担体を含む薬学的組成物および配合物も、本明細書に提供される。
特定の態様において、本態様の組成物および方法は、少なくとも1つの追加治療と組み合わせて免疫細胞集団を用いる。追加治療は、放射線療法、手術(例えば、乳腺腫瘤摘出術および乳房切除術)、化学療法、遺伝子療法、DNA療法、ウイルス療法、RNA療法、免疫療法、骨髄移植、ナノ療法、モノクローナル抗体療法、または上記の組み合わせであり得る。追加治療は、アジュバントまたはネオアジュバント療法の形態であり得る。
幅広い様々な化学療法剤が、本態様にしたがい使用され得る。「化学療法」という用語は、がんを処置するための薬物の使用を表す。「化学療法剤」は、がんの処置において投与される化合物または組成物を含意するよう使用される。これらの剤または薬物は、細胞内でのそれらの作用様式、例えば、それらが細胞周期に影響するかどうかおよびどの段階で影響するかにより分類される。あるいは、剤は、DNAに直接架橋する、DNA内に挿入される、または核酸合成に影響を及ぼすことにより染色体および有糸分裂異常を誘導するその能力に基づき特徴づけられ得る。
DNA損傷を引き起こす、広く使用されている他の因子は、γ線、X線として一般に公知となっているものおよび/または放射性同位体の腫瘍細胞へと方向づけられた送達を含む。他の形態のDNA損傷因子、例えばマイクロ波、陽子線照射(米国特許第5,760,395号および同第4,870,287号)ならびにUV照射も想定されている。これらの因子はすべて、DNAに対する、DNAの前駆体に対する、DNAの複製および修復に対する、ならびに染色体の構築および維持に対する広範囲の損傷を及ぼすと考えられる。X線の線量範囲は、長期間(3~4週間)の間の一日50~200レントゲンの線量から2000~6000レントゲンの単回線量に及ぶ。放射性同位体の線量範囲は様々であり、その同位体の半減期、照射される放射線の強度およびタイプ、ならびに新生物細胞による取り込みに依存する。
当業者は、さらなる免疫療法が、本態様の方法と併用してまたは関連して使用され得ることを理解するであろう。がんの処置において、免疫療法は、一般に、がん細胞を標的にして破壊する免疫エフェクター細胞および分子の使用に基づくものである。リツキシマブ(RITUXAN(登録商標))は、そのような例である。免疫エフェクターは、例えば、腫瘍細胞の表面上のいくつかのマーカーに特異的な抗体であり得る。抗体は単独で治療のエフェクターとして機能し得るか、または、それは細胞殺滅を実際に行う他の細胞を動員し得る。抗体はまた、薬物または毒素(化学療法剤、放射性核種、リシンA鎖、コレラ毒素、百日咳毒素等)とコンジュゲートされ、ターゲティング剤として機能し得る。あるいは、エフェクターは、腫瘍細胞標的と、直接的または間接的のいずれかで、相互作用する表面分子を有するリンパ球であり得る。様々なエフェクター細胞は、細胞障害性T細胞およびNK細胞を含む。
がんを有する人のおよそ60%は、予防、診断、または病期判定、治癒および緩和手術を含む、何らかのタイプの手術を受けると考えられる。治癒手術は、がん組織のすべてまたは一部を物理的に除去、摘出、および/または破壊する切除を含み、他の治療、例えば本態様の処置、化学療法、放射線療法、ホルモン療法、遺伝子療法、免疫療法、および/または代替療法と組み合わせて使用され得る。腫瘍切除は、腫瘍の少なくとも一部の物理的除去を表す。腫瘍切除に加えて、手術による処置は、レーザー手術、凍結手術、電気外科手術、および顕微鏡監視手術(モース手術)を含む。
処置の治療効果を改善するために、本態様の特定の局面と組み合わせて他の作用物質が使用され得ることが想定されている。これらのさらなる作用物質は、細胞表面受容体およびGAP結合の上方調節に影響を与える作用物質、細胞増殖抑制および分化剤、細胞接着の阻害剤、アポトーシス誘導因子に対する過剰増殖性細胞の感度を増大させる作用物質、または他の生物学的物質を含む。GAP結合の数を増加させることによる細胞内シグナルの増大は、隣接する過剰増殖性細胞集団に対する抗過剰増殖効果を増大させ得る。他の態様において、細胞増殖抑制または分化剤が、処置の抗過剰増殖効果を改善するために本態様の特定の局面と組み合わせて使用され得る。細胞接着の阻害剤は、本態様の効果を改善すると考えられる。細胞接着阻害剤の例は、接着斑キナーゼ(FAK)阻害剤およびロバスタチンである。アポトーシスに対する過剰増殖性細胞の感度を増大させる他の作用物質、例えば抗体c225が、処置の効果を改善するために本態様の特定の局面と組み合わせて使用され得ることがさらに想定される。
免疫細胞を含む製造物またはキットもまた、本明細書に提供される。製造物またはキットはさらに、個体においてがんを処置するかもしくはがんの進行を遅延させるために、またはがんを有する個体の免疫機能を強化するために免疫細胞を使用するための指示を含むパッケージ同封物を含み得る。本明細書に記載される任意の抗原特異的免疫細胞が、製造物またはキットに含まれ得る。適切な容器は、例えば、ボトル、バイアル、バッグ、およびシリンジを含む。容器は、様々な素材、例えばガラス、プラスチック(例えば、塩化ポリビニルもしくはポリオレフィン)、または合金(例えば、ステンレス鋼もしくはハステロイ)から形成され得る。いくつかの態様において、容器は配合物を保持し、容器上のまたは容器に付随するラベルは使用のための指示を示し得る。製造物またはキットはさらに、他の緩衝液、希釈剤、フィルター、針、シリンジ、および使用のための指示を含むパッケージ同封物を含む、商業的なおよびユーザーの観点から望ましい他の物質を含み得る。いくつかの態様において、製造物はさらに、1つまたは複数の別の剤(例えば、化学療法剤および抗新生物剤)を含む。1つまたは複数の剤のための適切な容器は、例えば、ボトル、バイアル、バッグ、およびシリンジを含む。
以下の実施例の節は、様々な態様の実施例に関するさらなる詳細を提供する。以下の実施例において開示されている技術は、十分に機能することが本発明者らによって見い出された技術および/組成物であることが当業者によって理解されるはずである。しかし、当業者は、本開示に照らして、本開示の精神および範囲から逸脱することなく開示される具体的態様において多くの変更を加えることができ、かつそれでもなお類似または同様の結果を得ることができることを理解するはずである。これらの実施例は、本明細書に記載される方法およびシステムの例であり、本開示の範囲を限定することは意図されていない。それらの非限定的な例は、以下に示されるものを含むがこれらに限定されない。
細胞および細胞株。K562、THP-1、MV4-11、MOLM13、OPM2、KMS26、RS4-11、KOPN8、およびRCH-ACV細胞株は、10%熱不活性化FBS(Sigma Aldrich)+1%ペニシリンおよびストレプトマイシンを補充したRPMI 1640中で維持した。健常ドナー由来の初代ヒトT細胞(CD3+、凍結)は、All Cellsから購入した。T細胞は、300 u/mlの組み換えヒトIL2を補充したImmunocult-XF T細胞増大培地(Stemcell)中で維持した。NKL細胞株は、10%熱不活性化FBS(Sigma Aldrich)+1%ペニシリンおよびストレプトマイシンならびに150単位/mlヒトIL2(Peprotech)を補充したRPMI-1640培地中で維持した。
最近、本発明者らは、いくつかのLILRBおよび関連するITIM含有受容体であるLAIR1が、様々な造血細胞および固形がん細胞において腫瘍促進機能を有することを示した(Zheng et al., 2012; Kang et al., 2015; Kang et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2015)。彼らは、テキサス大学サウスウェスタンメティカルセンター(UTSW)からの105個のAML患者サンプルにおいてLILRBの表面発現を体系的に分析した。LILRB4は、単球性AML細胞(FAB M4、M5)においてのみ検出され、他のAMLサブタイプでは検出されなかった(図1A~B)。注目すべきは、ヒト単球性AML細胞におけるLILRB4は、成熟単球性AML細胞マーカーであるCD14のそれよりも高感度かつ高特異性であることである(図1A)。重要なことに、LILRB4レベルは、正常な単球におけるそれと比較して単球性AML細胞において高かった(図1E~F)。同様に、本発明者らは、LILRB4の発現パターンが、AML幹細胞活性が豊富であり得るCD34+ AML前駆体において発現され得ることを観察した(図1G、右パネル)。重要なことに、正常なヒトサンプルにおいて、LILRB4は、正常な単球細胞および免疫抑制性寛容原性樹状細胞でのみ発現され、造血幹細胞(HSC)を含む他の細胞における発現は示さなかった(mRNAレベルに関する図1C、表面タンパク質レベルに関する図1D、図1G、左パネル)。がん患者において、LILRB4はまた、腫瘍保護性免疫細胞、例えば、寛容原性樹状細胞、骨髄由来サプレッサー細胞および腫瘍随伴マクロファージにおいても発現される(Kang et al., 2016)。これらの結果は、LILRB4が、単球性AMLのマーカーとして、このタイプのAMLを処置する上での理想的な標的であり得ることを示している。
Claims (27)
- LILRB4に結合する、キメラ抗原受容体(CAR)タンパク質であって、
(i)SEQ ID NO:1~3のVH CDR 1~3およびSEQ ID NO:4~6のVL CDR 1~3、または
(ii)SEQ ID NO:11~13のVH CDR 1~3およびSEQ ID NO:14~16のVL CDR 1~3
を含む、前記CARタンパク質。 - 1 nMを下回るがゼロより大きい、LILRB4に対する結合親和性(ELISAによって測定されたEC50)を有する、請求項1に記載のCARタンパク質。
- 前記結合親和性が、0.05~0.99 nMである、請求項2に記載のCARタンパク質。
- SEQ ID NO:7と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:9と少なくとも90%同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載のCARタンパク質。
- SEQ ID NO:7と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:9と同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載のCARタンパク質。
- SEQ ID NO:17と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:19と少なくとも90%同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載のCARタンパク質。
- SEQ ID NO:17と少なくとも90%同一であるVHアミノ酸配列およびSEQ ID NO:19と同一であるVLアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載のCARタンパク質。
- SEQ ID NO:21~23、31~33、または40~41と少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載のCARタンパク質。
- SEQ ID NO:21~23、31~33、または40~41と同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載のCARタンパク質。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のCARタンパク質をコードする、ポリヌクレオチド分子。
- 真核生物細胞において活性なプロモーターをさらに含む、請求項10に記載のポリヌクレオチド分子。
- 発現ベクターとしてさらに定義される、請求項10に記載のポリヌクレオチド分子。
- LILRB4に結合するキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)をコードするポリヌクレオチド分子を含む、操作された細胞であって、前記ポリヌクレオチド分子が請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のCARをコードする、前記細胞。
- T細胞である、請求項13に記載の細胞。
- NK細胞である、請求項13に記載の細胞。
- トランスポザーゼをさらに含む、請求項13に記載の細胞。
- ヒト対象においてがんを処置するための薬学的組成物であって、有効量の細胞療法を該対象に実施するための請求項13~16のいずれか1項に記載の1種類または複数種類の細胞を含む、前記薬学的組成物。
- 第2のがん療法と組み合わせて使用するための、請求項17に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記第2のがん療法が、化学療法、免疫療法、放射線療法、ホルモン療法、または手術である、請求項18に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記第2のがん療法が前記細胞療法と同時に実施される、請求項18に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記第2のがん療法が前記細胞療法の前または後に実施される、請求項18に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 請求項13~16のいずれか1項に記載の1種類または複数種類の細胞の有効量についての第2の投与と組み合わせて使用するための、請求項17に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記がんが、転移性、再発性、または薬物耐性のがんである、請求項17に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記細胞療法が、がん部位局所的に、がん部位を構成する領域に、または全身的に実施される、請求項17に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記がんがAMLである、請求項17に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記がんが血液悪性腫瘍であり、該血液悪性腫瘍が、前駆B細胞急性リンパ性白血病(前駆B ALL)、B細胞白血病、慢性リンパ芽球性白血病(CLL)、多発性骨髄腫(MM)、および芽球性形質細胞様樹状細胞腫瘍(BPDCN)を含む、請求項17に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記がんが固形がんであり、該固形がんが、乳がん、肺がん、または前立腺がんを含む、請求項17に記載の薬学的組成物。
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