JP7255459B2 - 排ガス浄化用触媒 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化用触媒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7255459B2 JP7255459B2 JP2019206778A JP2019206778A JP7255459B2 JP 7255459 B2 JP7255459 B2 JP 7255459B2 JP 2019206778 A JP2019206778 A JP 2019206778A JP 2019206778 A JP2019206778 A JP 2019206778A JP 7255459 B2 JP7255459 B2 JP 7255459B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- catalyst
- coating layer
- upstream
- gas purifying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 211
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 78
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 172
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 53
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 53
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 33
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 27
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 18
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 12
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 noble metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017493 Nd 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
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- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9463—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
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- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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Description
(1)基材と該基材上にコートされている触媒コート層とを有する排ガス浄化用触媒であって、
触媒コート層が、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から形成されている上流側コート層と、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して下流側の端部から形成されている下流側コート層とを有し、
上流側コート層と下流側コート層とが重なる場合、上流側コート層が、下流側コート層の上に配置されており、
上流側コート層が、触媒金属と、Feが固溶したZrO2-CeO2複合酸化物とを含む、
排ガス浄化用触媒。
(2)上流側コート層の幅が、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の15%~65%である、(1)に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
(3)上流側コート層の幅が、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の22%~60%である、(1)に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
(4)下流側コート層の幅が、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して下流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の60%~100%であり、上流側コート層及び下流側コート層の互いに重なり合う領域のラップ幅が、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の、10%~40%である、(1)~(3)のいずれか1つに記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
(5)Feが固溶したZrO2-CeO2複合酸化物の量が、基材1Lに対して、10g~45gである、(1)~(4)のいずれか1つに記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
(6)Feが固溶したZrO2-CeO2複合酸化物の量が、基材1Lに対して、15g~40gである、(1)~(4)のいずれか1つに記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
本明細書では、適宜図面を参照して本発明の特徴を説明する。図面では、明確化のために各部の寸法及び形状を誇張しており、実際の寸法及び形状を正確に描写してはいない。それ故、本発明の技術的範囲は、これら図面に表された各部の寸法及び形状に限定されるものではない。なお、本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、以下の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において、当業者が行い得る変更、改良等を施した種々の形態にて実施することができる。
基材としては、公知のハニカム形状を有する基材を使用することができ、具体的には、ハニカム形状のモノリス基材(ハニカムフィルタ、高密度ハニカム等)等が好適に採用される。また、このような基材の材質も特に制限されず、コージェライト、炭化ケイ素、シリカ、アルミナ、ムライト等のセラミックスからなる基材や、クロム及びアルミニウムを含むステンレススチール等の金属からなる基材が好適に採用される。これらの中でも、コストの観点から、コージェライトであることが好ましい。
触媒コート層は、上流側コート層と、下流側コート層とを少なくとも有する。
上流側コート層は、触媒金属と、Feが固溶したZrO2-CeO2複合酸化物とを含む。
下流側コート層は、触媒金属を含むことが好ましい。
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、前記で説明した排ガス浄化用触媒の構成成分を使用すること以外は、公知のコーティング技術を使用して製造することができる。
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、リッチ雰囲気でのHC浄化性能において大きく効果を発揮することができ、リッチ雰囲気で余剰のHC等が排ガス浄化用触媒に吸着して、当該排ガス浄化用触媒を被毒し得るような環境下においても使用することができる高いHC浄化能を発現する排ガス浄化用触媒として使用することができる。
I-1.使用材料
材料1(Al2O3)
:4重量%-La2O3複合化Al2O3
材料2(ZY(ZrO2-Y2O3))
:84重量%-ZrO2、6重量%-La2O3、10重量%-Y2O3複合酸化物
材料3(Pt/Al2O3)
:硝酸白金を材料1に担持させた材料
(排ガス浄化用触媒において、Ptの量は、金属換算で、基材1Lに対して、0.40gになるように調節した。)
材料4(Rh/ZY)
:硝酸ロジウムを材料2に担持させた材料
(排ガス浄化用触媒において、Rhの量は、金属換算で、基材1Lに対して、0.36gになるように調節した。)
材料5(ZC(ZrO2-CeO2))
:30.0重量%-CeO2、60.0重量%-ZrO2、5.0重量%-La2O3、5.0重量%-Y2O3複合酸化物
材料6(Fe-ZC(Feが固溶したZrO2-CeO2複合酸化物))
:29.7重量%-CeO2、59.6重量%-ZrO2、5.1重量%-La2O3、5.03重量%-Y2O3、0.52重量%-Fe2O3複合酸化物
Fe-ZCは、以下のように調製した。まず、硝酸鉄、硝酸セリウム及びオキシ硝酸ジルコニウムの水溶液を混合して原料混合物を得た。次に、原料混合物を、撹拌しながらアンモニア水中に滴下添加し、沈殿物を形成させた。続いて、形成させた沈殿物を、イオン交換水を使用して洗浄し、120℃の乾燥機中で一晩乾燥させて、乾燥物を得た。最後に、得られた乾燥物を、500℃の電気炉中で2時間焼成し、Fe-ZCを得た。
基材
:875cc(400セル四角 壁厚4mil)のコージェライトハニカム基材
実施例1
最初に、蒸留水に、撹拌しながら、材料1、材料4、材料5、Al2O3系バインダーを投入し、懸濁したスラリー1を調製した。
実施例1において、上流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の60%を占めるように調整した以外は、実施例1と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
実施例1において、上流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の22%を占めるように調整した以外は、実施例1と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
実施例1において、下流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して下流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の100%を占めるように調整し、上流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の100%を占めるように調整した以外は、実施例1と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
実施例1において、材料6の量を、基材1Lに対して、15g(15g/L)になるよう調整した以外は、実施例1と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
実施例1において、材料6の量を、基材1Lに対して、40g(40g/L)になるよう調整した以外は、実施例1と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
最初に、蒸留水に、撹拌しながら、材料1、材料4、材料5、Al2O3系バインダーを投入し、懸濁したスラリー1を調製した。
比較例1において、下流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して下流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の80%を占めるように調整し、上流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の40%を占めるように調整した以外は、比較例1と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
最初に、蒸留水に、撹拌しながら、材料1、材料4、材料6、Al2O3系バインダーを投入し、懸濁したスラリー1を調製した。
比較例1において、下流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して下流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の80%を占めるように調整し、上流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の60%を占めるように調整した以外は、比較例1と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
比較例1において、下流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して下流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の80%を占めるように調整し、上流側コート層の前駆体層のコート幅を、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の22%を占めるように調整した以外は、比較例1と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
比較例2において、材料5の量を、基材1Lに対して、15g(15g/L)になるよう調整した以外は、比較例2と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
比較例2において、材料5の量を、基材1Lに対して、40g(40g/L)になるよう調整した以外は、比較例2と同様に、排ガス浄化用触媒を調製した。
実施例1~6及び比較例1~7について、実際のエンジンを用いて以下の耐久試験を実施した。
各排ガス浄化用触媒を、V型8気筒エンジンの排気系にそれぞれ装着し、触媒床温900℃で46時間にわたって、ストイキ及びリーンの各雰囲気の排ガスを一定時間(3:1の比率)ずつ繰り返して流すことにより行った。
I-3.耐久試験を実施した実施例1~6及び比較例1~7の排ガス浄化用触媒について、以下の性能評価を実施した。
触媒床温500℃で、空燃比(A/F)が14.1の排ガスと、A/Fが15.1の排ガスを、交互に3分間切替で供給し、Ga=30g/sでのHC浄化率を評価した。3回目の切替におけるリッチ(A/F=14.1)雰囲気において、3分経過時のHC浄化率を、リッチ雰囲気でのHC浄化率とした。
図2に、実施例1、5及び6並びに比較例2、6及び7の排ガス浄化用触媒における、排ガス浄化用触媒前部へのZC又はFe-ZCの添加量とリッチ雰囲気でのHC浄化率の関係を示す。
表2に、実施例1及び比較例1~3の排ガス浄化用触媒の触媒構成を示し、図3に、実施例1及び比較例1~3の排ガス浄化用触媒におけるリッチ雰囲気でのHC浄化率を示す。
図4に、実施例1~4並びに比較例1、2、4及び5の排ガス浄化用触媒における、排ガス浄化用触媒前部のコート幅とリッチ雰囲気でのHC浄化率の関係を示す。
Claims (2)
- 基材と該基材上にコートされている触媒コート層とを有する排ガス浄化用触媒であって、
触媒コート層が、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から形成されている上流側コート層と、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して下流側の端部から形成されている下流側コート層とを有し、
上流側コート層と下流側コート層とが重なる場合、上流側コート層が、下流側コート層の上に配置されており、
上流側コート層の幅が、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して上流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の22%~60%であり、
上流側コート層が、触媒金属としてのPt及び/又はPdと、Feが固溶したZrO2-CeO2複合酸化物とを含み、
上流側コート層に含まれるFeが固溶したZrO 2 -CeO 2 複合酸化物の量が、基材1Lに対して、15g~40gであり、
下流側コート層が、Rhを含む、
排ガス浄化用触媒。 - 下流側コート層の幅が、排ガス浄化用触媒における排ガス流れ方向に対して下流側の端部から、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の60%~100%であり、上流側コート層及び下流側コート層の互いに重なり合う領域のラップ幅が、排ガス浄化用触媒における基材の全長の、10%~40%である、請求項1に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
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