JP5555266B2 - ポリエチレンテレフタレートを製造するプロセス - Google Patents
ポリエチレンテレフタレートを製造するプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP5555266B2 JP5555266B2 JP2011553348A JP2011553348A JP5555266B2 JP 5555266 B2 JP5555266 B2 JP 5555266B2 JP 2011553348 A JP2011553348 A JP 2011553348A JP 2011553348 A JP2011553348 A JP 2011553348A JP 5555266 B2 JP5555266 B2 JP 5555266B2
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- acid
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- polycondensation
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NBZANZVJRKXVBH-GYDPHNCVSA-N alpha-Cryptoxanthin Natural products O[C@H]1CC(C)(C)C(/C=C/C(=C\C=C\C(=C/C=C/C=C(\C=C\C=C(/C=C/[C@H]2C(C)=CCCC2(C)C)\C)/C)\C)/C)=C(C)C1 NBZANZVJRKXVBH-GYDPHNCVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FNGGVJIEWDRLFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C3C=C21 FNGGVJIEWDRLFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940058905 antimony compound for treatment of leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005844 autocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GSCLMSFRWBPUSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Butyrolactone Chemical compound CC1CC(=O)O1 GSCLMSFRWBPUSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-propiolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCO1 VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HDLHSQWNJQGDLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical class C1C2C(C(=O)O)CC1C(C(O)=O)C2 HDLHSQWNJQGDLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QPKOBORKPHRBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCO)C=C1 QPKOBORKPHRBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLGKFVNSIUEQIL-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis[(4,6,8-trioxo-1,3,5,7,2-tetraoxastibocan-2-yl)oxycarbonyl] carbonate Chemical compound [Sb+3].[Sb+3].[O-]C(=O)OC(=O)OC([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)OC(=O)OC([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)OC(=O)OC([O-])=O OLGKFVNSIUEQIL-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-IMJSIDKUSA-N cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WYHYNUWZLKTEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CC(C(O)=O)C1 WYHYNUWZLKTEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBZSBBLNHFMTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCC(C(O)=O)C1 XBZSBBLNHFMTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLMGYIOTPQVQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OC1CCCC(O)C1 RLMGYIOTPQVQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNGJOYPCXLOTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)C1 LNGJOYPCXLOTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWZCCUDJHOGOSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O GWZCCUDJHOGOSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004275 glycolic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- TZMQHOJDDMFGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1,1-triol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)(O)O TZMQHOJDDMFGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DLINORNFHVEIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OO DLINORNFHVEIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABMFBCRYHDZLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1 ABMFBCRYHDZLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFFZOPXDTCDZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1C(O)=O DFFZOPXDTCDZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNJOQKFENDDGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O BNJOQKFENDDGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pamoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=C(C=3O)C(=O)O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=CC2=C1 WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000380 propiolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000196 viscometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc acetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043825 zinc carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001296 zinc oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940105296 zinc peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCOGTQGPHPAUJN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-hydroxyacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OCC([O-])=O.OCC([O-])=O MCOGTQGPHPAUJN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/183—Terephthalic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08L67/03—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the carboxyl- and the hydroxy groups directly linked to aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/83—Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, beryllium, magnesium, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, manganese, or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/85—Germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof
- C08G63/86—Germanium, antimony, or compounds thereof
- C08G63/866—Antimony or compounds thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Description
固有粘度
固有粘度またはIVは、ポリマーの分子量の尺度であり、希釈溶液粘度測定法により測定される。全てのIVは、25℃で、フェノールと1,2−ジクロロベンゼンの3:2の混合溶液中で測定した。概して、約8〜10個のチップを溶解して、約0.5%の濃度の溶液を調製した。IVは、以下に示されるビルメイヤー(Billmeyer)の式(F.W. Billmeyer, J. of Polymer Sci. 1949 IV, 83参照)を使用することによって、1つのポリマー濃度についての相対粘度ηrの測定値から得た。この式は、c=0.5〜0.65g/dLの範囲で有効である。
IV=[η]=0.25(ηr−1+3Inηr)/c
色パラメータを、HunderLab ColorFlexモデル番号45/0、製造番号CX0969により測定した。非晶質チップを、透明状態で、研磨も結晶化も行わずに使用した。概して、測定した変化は目にも見えた。透明な非晶質チップの色は、CIE三刺激L*、a*およびb*値を使用して分類した。L*はサンプルの輝度を表し、高い値が高い輝度を表す。L*=100は完全な白色を意味し、L*=0は完全に黒色である。a*値は緑−赤のコントラストを示し(−値は緑を表し、+値は赤を表す)、b*値は青−黄のコントラストを示す(−値は青を表し、+値は黄を表す)。
ブロー成形ボトル上のヘイズを、Haze Gard Plus(BYK Gardner社)を使用して、32gのプリフォームから製造された1.5Lのボトルの平らな部分から切断された約3cmの直径および約0.238mmの厚さのパネルで測定した。ヘイズは、サンプルを透過した後、2.5°超散乱される透過光の割合である(ASTM D−1003−97)。値は、サンプルの厚さに正規化された%ヘイズとして報告されている(%/mm、すなわちサンプルの厚さmm当たりの%ヘイズ)。
DEG含有量を決定するために、PETを、220℃のオートクレーブ内において、メタノールとエステル交換した。この最中に、PETは解重合し、DEGがジオールとして遊離する。形成された液体を、ガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)により分析して、適切な校正後に、ポリマーのDEG含有量を決定した。
PETを、還流条件下で、o−クレゾールおよびクロロホルムの混合物中に溶解させた。室温まで冷却した後、窒素雰囲気下で、KOHのエタノール溶液による電位差滴定を使用して、COOH末端基を決定した。結果は、COOHのmVal/PETのkg(PET1kg当たりのCOOHのミリ当量)で表されている。
ポリマーチップを粉末に低温粉砕した後、AAをヘッドスペースガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)により測定した。1gの粉末をGCガラス瓶内に入れた。標準的なヘッドスペース法が、樹脂中のAAについて使用され、GCカラム中への注入前に、90分間に亘り150℃でのガラス瓶の加熱を含んだ。GCを、公知の濃度のアセトアルデヒド水溶液で校正した。
チップが溶融されるときに再生されるAAは、ボトルグレードのチップの最も重要な性質であり、射出成形中のプリフォームに起きるであろうこと(例えば、十分な材料がプリフォーム製造に利用できない場合)を反映している。AA精製試験は、(1)SSPポリマーペレットを低温粉末化する工程、(2)真空中で55分間に亘り粉末を乾燥させる工程、(3)窒素封入して、孔のないダイ挿入物を使用して、4分間に亘り280℃で乾燥粉末を溶融粘度計内で溶融させる工程、(4)ダイ挿入物を取り除き、ロッドで溶融塊を冷水の入ったビーカーに押し出す工程、(5)その塊を切断し、低温粉砕する工程、(6)ガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)ガラス瓶内で粉砕した押出粉末1gを使用し、標準的なヘッドスペースGC(150℃で90分間)によりAAを測定する工程を含んだ。
比較実験A〜C
比較実験Aにおいて、触媒としての三酢酸Sb(Sb含有量256ppm)、安定剤としてのリン酸(15ppmのP)、および色補正剤としての酢酸Co(15ppmのCo)と青色トナーを使用して、原材料としてのPTA、EGおよび2質量%のIPAから、スラリー製造、エステル化、溶融相重縮合、粒状化、および固相重縮合の各工程を含む連続重合設備内でアンチモン触媒により、標準的なPETを製造した。エステル化後であるが、重縮合の開始前に添加したP−安定剤を除いて、全ての成分をスラリータンクに、すなわち、エステル化に先行するペースト製造工程において、投入した。溶融相重縮合から蒸留により除去されたEGを縮合させ、ペースト製造工程に再循環させた。得られた固相PETから、273〜275℃で二重キャビティHusky装置で32gのプリフォームを射出成形した。続いて、そのプリフォームを1.5リットルのボトルに延伸ブロー成形した。比較実験Aの実験データが表1に要約されている。
25リットルの反応容器に、6756gのPTA、160gのIPA、3327gのEG、5.0gの三酢酸Sb(254ppmのSb)、0.33gのリン酸(13ppmのP)、および0.39gの酢酸Coと0.016gのEstofil Brueトナーを充填し、ペーストを製造した。このバッチにより7992gのPETが生成された。比較実験AおよびBと異なり、リン酸はスラリーに添加したことに留意されたい。エステル化は、窒素雰囲気下で255℃に加熱することによって行い、形成された水を収集した。形成された水の量が所望の程度のエステル化を示したときに、容器を275℃に加熱し、圧力を約100Paまで減少させた。重縮合は、機械式撹拌機のトルクが増加したのが観察されたときに、開始したと考え、そのトルクが19Nmの値(先の実験に基づいて約0.58dL/gのIVのPETに相当するであろう)に到達するまで続けられた。重縮合中に遊離したエチレングリコールを凝縮させ、収集した。次いで、ポリエステル溶融物を、ストランドとして吐出し(反応装置に窒素圧力を印加することにより)、これを水浴中で急冷し、透明なペレットに切り刻んだ。
比較実験FおよびHの上述した手法にしたがって、触媒として2.65gの三酢酸Sb(140ppmのSb)および3.44gの二酢酸Zn(128ppmのZn)の組合せを適用して、実施例1および2の実験を行ったが、亜鉛化合物は、EG中に溶解させ、エステル化の終わりのみに反応装置に添加した(工程b)、表1)。
比較実験Dおよび実施例2を繰り返したが、ここでは、プリフォームとボトルの製造を可能にし、工業規模での適用性を確認するために異なる反応装置システムで50kg規模で行った。スラリー調製タンク、エステル化反応装置、および溶融相重縮合反応装置を有し、それに冷却浴およびストランド造粒機が続く、3容器システムを適用した。重合は、実験D〜Hおよび実施例2について示したのと同様の条件下で行った。バッチ1から収集したEGをバッチ2に使用し、バッチ2と3についても同様に、中断無く、3つの連続バッチを製造した。バッチ3をさらに試験した。最初に、ペレットを結晶化させ、固相にし(それぞれ、170/210℃で、真空機の回転式ドラム反応装置内で)、次いで、プリフォームを成形し、素晴らしく透明なボトルを形成した。
Claims (8)
- アンチモン−(Sb)、亜鉛−(Zn)およびリン−(P)化合物から実質的になる触媒系を使用して、エチレングリコール(EG)、精製テレフタル酸(PTA)および必要に応じて30モル%までのコモノマーから、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)を製造するプロセスであって、
a) EGおよびPTAをエステル化して、ジエチレングリコールテレフタレートおよびオリゴマー(DGT)を形成する工程、および
b) DGTを溶融相重縮合して、ポリエステルおよびEGを形成する工程、
を有してなり、前記Sb−およびP−化合物が工程a)において添加され、前記Zn−化合物が工程a)後に添加されることを特徴とするプロセス。 - イソフタル酸、ジエチレングリコールおよび1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノールからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種類のコモノマー0.5〜6モル%が適用されることを特徴とする請求項1記載のプロセス。
- c) 前記ポリエステルをペレットに形成する工程、
d) 前記ペレットを結晶化させる工程、および
e) 前記ポリエステルを固相重縮合させる工程、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のプロセス。 - 前記重縮合工程b)から除去されたEGが、前記エステル化工程a)に再循環されて戻されることを特徴とする請求項1から3いずれか1項記載のプロセス。
- 前記EGが、蒸留により除去され、工程a)の一部を形成するペースト製造工程に再循環されることを特徴とする請求項4記載のプロセス。
- 前記Zn−化合物が、前記DGTを、重縮合工程b)を行うためのその後の反応容器に移相する直前または最中に添加されることを特徴とする請求項1から5いずれか1項記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒系が、PETに基づく元素の含有量で、100〜160ppmのSb、100〜150ppmのZn、および30〜70ppmのPから実質的になることを特徴とする請求項1から6いずれか1項記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒系が、三酢酸Sbとして125〜150ppmのSb、二酢酸Znとして120〜140ppmのZn、およびリン酸としての40〜70ppmのPから実質的になることを特徴とする請求項1から6いずれか1項記載のプロセス。
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US20120246873A1 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-04 | Rama Konduri | Hollow articles comprising fiber-filled polyester compositions, methods of manufacture, and uses thereof |
WO2013087199A1 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-20 | Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (Sabic) | Process for synthesizing a new catalyst complex for the production of polyethylene terephthlate |
EP2749584B1 (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2015-07-15 | Clariant Finance (BVI) Limited | Process for Manufacturing Polyethylene Terephthalate |
TW201602077A (zh) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-01-16 | 英威達技術有限公司 | 整合純化對苯二甲酸製造及聚酯聚合反應之工廠中之汙染防治 |
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US5162488A (en) | 1989-05-22 | 1992-11-10 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Catalyst system and process for preparing polyethylene terephthalate |
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DE19537930B4 (de) | 1995-10-12 | 2006-02-23 | Zimmer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von klarsichtigem Polyester |
EP0864596A1 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-09-16 | Hoechst Diafoil GmbH | Process for the production of polyethylene terephthalate |
JP3727145B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-09 | 2005-12-14 | 帝人株式会社 | 結晶化抑制型ポリエステル |
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