JP5236412B2 - 蒸気改質触媒のための新触媒設計および製造プロセス - Google Patents
蒸気改質触媒のための新触媒設計および製造プロセス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5236412B2 JP5236412B2 JP2008249925A JP2008249925A JP5236412B2 JP 5236412 B2 JP5236412 B2 JP 5236412B2 JP 2008249925 A JP2008249925 A JP 2008249925A JP 2008249925 A JP2008249925 A JP 2008249925A JP 5236412 B2 JP5236412 B2 JP 5236412B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- catalyst according
- surface area
- aluminum
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 77
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 scan Teataito Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium nitrate Chemical class [Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001785 cerium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052575 non-oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011225 non-oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxorhodium Chemical class [Rh]=O SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003446 platinum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003450 rhodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J33/00—Protection of catalysts, e.g. by coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/34—Mechanical properties
- B01J35/36—Mechanical strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
- B01J35/57—Honeycombs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0242—Coating followed by impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/40—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/44—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0244—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being an autothermal reforming step, e.g. secondary reforming processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
- C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
- C01B2203/1023—Catalysts in the form of a monolith or honeycomb
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
- C01B2203/1035—Catalyst coated on equipment surfaces, e.g. reactor walls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
- C01B2203/1058—Nickel catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1064—Platinum group metal catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1064—Platinum group metal catalysts
- C01B2203/107—Platinum catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1076—Copper or zinc-based catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
- Y10T428/24157—Filled honeycomb cells [e.g., solid substance in cavities, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
- Y10T428/24165—Hexagonally shaped cavities
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
- Y10T428/24298—Noncircular aperture [e.g., slit, diamond, rectangular, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
- Y10T428/24298—Noncircular aperture [e.g., slit, diamond, rectangular, etc.]
- Y10T428/24306—Diamond or hexagonal
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Description
CnHm+nH2O=>nCO2+(n+m/2)H2
例えばメタンの蒸気改質反応は、以下で表しうる。
(1) CH4+H2O → CO+3H2 ΔH=+49.2kcal/mol
(2) CO+H2O → CO2+H2 ΔH=−9.8kcal/mol
前記大表面積構造が、単位cm 2 の表面積当たり、10から300の貫通穴を有するハニカム形状構造であって、且つ側圧抵抗が少なくとも700N、好ましくは1000N以上、最も好ましくは1100N以上であることを特徴とする触媒によって解決される。
a)焼結性物質を粉末に砕き;
b)該焼結性物質を分散剤で処理し;
c)得られた合成物を可塑性の混合物が得られるまで加熱および混合し;
d)該可塑性の混合物を成形型へ射出し、そして;
e)冷却し、型から除去して該混合物を焼成する;
を備えるプロセスもまた、本発明の範囲内である。
カルシウムアルミネートがボールミル中で粉砕され、パラフィンオイルで処理され、二軸スクリュー押出し成型機で混合され且つ150℃に加熱された。得られた混合物は、ハニカム形状の射出成形型へと移送された。該成形型が冷却され、生の触媒が型から取り出され、焼成された。本発明に係る、得られた担体が、図1に見られる。
カルシウムアルミネートに代えて酸化アルミニウムが使用された点を除き、実施例1と同様にして触媒担体が準備された。焼成の後、該担体は被膜ClayMet(安定化されたガンマ型酸化アルミニウム)で被覆され、乾燥および焼成された。
3つの試料が準備された。このために、従来のG-90 LDP担体(Sud-Chemie AG)及び本発明に係る射出成形された担体が、ハニカム構造を破壊することなく、およそ5×5mmのサイズまで分割された。
該方法は、“Mecmesin”測定装置により行われた。
測定装置の立ち上げ
錠剤タイプによりクロスビームが調整されなければならない(使用説明書参照)。緊急切断ノブを引き、モードスイッチを“Single Cycle”にセットする。応力センシング装置において、“On”と“Reset”を押す。
飛散防止ガードをフォースボルトから押し上げる。触媒を側壁とともにプラットフォーム上に載置し、飛散防止ガードを再び押し下げる。次いで“Start/Stop”スイッチを“Down”まで押し、そして放す。触媒の破壊の後、測定された値が表示され、記録される。50回の測定値が得られた後、これらは計算機を用いて評価される。それぞれの場合において、側圧抵抗は700N以上であり、殆どの場合において1000N以上であった。
Claims (29)
- 大表面積構造を備えた蒸気改質反応、ATR及び触媒部分酸化反応用の触媒であって、該大表面積構造が円形又は多角形の断面形状を有する多数の平行な貫通穴によって形成され、少なくとも1つの焼結性物質を含み、
前記大表面積構造が、単位cm2の表面積当たり、10から300の貫通穴を有するハニカム形状構造であって、且つ側圧抵抗が少なくとも700Nであって、
前記大表面積構造が、少なくとも1つの焼結性物質がハニカム形状の射出成形型中に射出成形されたことによって得られたものであることを特徴とする触媒。 - 前記貫通穴の断面が、円形、三角形、四角形、及び/又は六角形であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の触媒。
- 前記少なくとも1つの焼結性物質が、金属酸化物、及び/又はセラミックから選ばれることを特徴とする請求項1または2の何れか1項に記載の触媒。
- 前記少なくとも1つの焼結性物質が、アルミネート、シリケート、チタネート、二酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム、酸化マグネシウム、酸化ジルコニウム、チタン酸アルミニウム、ステアタイト、コージライト、ムライトセラミック、カーバイド、シリコンカーバイド、ボロンカーバイド、窒化物、窒化シリコン、窒化アルミニウム、シリコンアルミニウムオキシニトリド、カルシウムアルミネート、アルミン酸カリウム、又はマグネシウムアルミネート、又はこれらの混合物から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の触媒。
- 前記少なくとも1つの焼結性物質が、触媒活性物質を含む請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒活性物質が、ニッケル、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウム、銅、銀、金、コバルト、マンガン、又は鉄から選ばれる請求項5記載の触媒。
- 前記焼結性物質が、触媒重量に対して0より多く100重量%までで構成することを特徴とする請求項1〜6の何れか1項に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒が、被膜を付加的に備える請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載の触媒。
- 前記被膜が、BET表面積が1乃至50m2/gであって、且つ希土類元素を含むことを特徴とする請求項8記載の触媒。
- 前記希土類元素が、セリウム/ランタン、及び/又はカリウム/ストロンチウムを含むことを特徴とする請求項9記載の触媒。
- 前記被膜が、被膜の粘着性を増加させるバインダーを含むことを特徴とする請求項8〜10の何れか1項に記載の触媒。
- 前記バインダーが、ゾル、及び/又は金属塩溶液であることを特徴とする請求項11記載の触媒。
- 前記ゾルが、アルミニウム又はセリウム化合物であることを特徴とする請求項12記載の触媒。
- 前記金属塩溶液が、飽和した硝酸アルミニウム溶液であることを特徴とする請求項13記載の触媒。
- 前記被膜が、ニッケル、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウム、銅、銀、金、コバルト、マンガン、又は鉄から選ばれる触媒活性物質を含むことを特徴とする請求項8〜14の何れか1項に記載の触媒。
- 少なくとも700Nの側圧抵抗を有するハニカム形状構造の触媒を製造するプロセスであって、次のステップを備えるプロセス。
a)焼結性物質を粉末に砕き;
b)該焼結性物質を分散剤で処理し;
c)得られた合成物を可塑性の混合物が得られるまで加熱および混合し;
d)該可塑性の混合物をハニカム形状の射出成形型へ射出成形し;
e)冷却し、型から除去して該混合物を焼成し;
f)前記焼成の後、該触媒上に被膜を施す。 - 触媒活性物質が、前記被膜が前記触媒上に形成される前に、前記被膜中に混合される請求項16に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒に被膜が施された後、前記触媒が焼成される請求項16または17に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒活性物質が、ニッケル、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウム、銅、銀、金、コバルト、マンガン、又は鉄から選ばれる請求項17または18に記載のプロセス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの焼結性物質が、金属酸化物、及び/又はセラミックから選ばれる請求項16〜19の何れか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの焼結性物質が、アルミネート、シリケート、チタネート、二酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム、酸化マグネシウム、酸化ジルコニウム、チタン酸アルミニウム、ステアタイト、コージライト、ムライトセラミック、カーバイド、シリコンカーバイド、ボロンカーバイド、窒化物、窒化シリコン、窒化アルミニウム、シリコンアルミニウムオキシニトリド、カルシウムアルミネート、アルミン酸カリウム、又はマグネシウムアルミネート、又はこれらの混合物から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項16〜20の何れか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの焼結性物質が、触媒活性物質を含むことを特徴とする前記請求項16〜21の何れか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒活性物質が、ニッケル、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウム、銅、銀、金、コバルト、マンガン、又は鉄から選ばれる請求項22記載のプロセス。
- 前記分散剤が、パラフィンオイルを含む請求項16〜23の何れか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記合成物の加熱が30℃から150℃で行われる請求項16〜24の何れか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記可塑性の混合物を得るための前記合成物の加熱および混合が、押出成形機で行われる請求項16〜25の何れか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 請求項1〜15の何れか1項に記載の、又は請求項16〜26の何れか1項に記載のプロセスにより得られた触媒の反応器中での使用。
- 前記反応器が、固定床、管型、又は管束型の反応器である請求項27記載の使用。
- 前記触媒が、前記反応器中で、円形もしくは多角形の断面形状を有する貫通穴が複数形成された構造、又はハニカム形状構造が形成された構造を備えている請求項27または28記載の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007046297.4 | 2007-09-27 | ||
DE102007046297.4A DE102007046297B4 (de) | 2007-09-27 | 2007-09-27 | Neues Katalysatordesign und Herstellungsmethode für Dampfreformierungskatalysatoren |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009106931A JP2009106931A (ja) | 2009-05-21 |
JP5236412B2 true JP5236412B2 (ja) | 2013-07-17 |
Family
ID=39952099
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008249925A Expired - Fee Related JP5236412B2 (ja) | 2007-09-27 | 2008-09-29 | 蒸気改質触媒のための新触媒設計および製造プロセス |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8349758B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5236412B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101402056B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102007046297B4 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK177765B1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2453424B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9868109B2 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2018-01-16 | Nanyang Technological University | Titanate / titania composite nanoparticle |
EP2338591B1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2019-06-19 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Deactivation-resistant mgo / v2o5-(mo3 or wo3) /tio2 catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of nox |
WO2013006490A2 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-10 | Cellerant Therapeutics, Inc. | Antibodies that specifically bind to tim3 |
KR101417243B1 (ko) | 2012-01-05 | 2014-07-09 | (주)엘지하우시스 | 무기바인더를 포함한 유리섬유 보드 및 그의 제조 방법 |
CN102614935B (zh) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-11-06 | 阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司 | 氧化铝载体的表面改性方法 |
KR101447681B1 (ko) | 2012-11-28 | 2014-10-07 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 혼합개질 반응용 페롭스카이트 구조의 담지촉매 |
CN103574631B (zh) * | 2013-11-12 | 2016-08-17 | 尹宏文 | 油气优化节能器 |
RU2635567C1 (ru) | 2013-12-20 | 2017-11-14 | Клариант Продукте (Дойчланд) Гмбх | Фосфорсодержащий катализатор для превращения оксигенатов в олефины |
CN103912347B (zh) * | 2014-03-27 | 2016-04-13 | 台州欧信环保净化器有限公司 | 通用的小型汽油机废气催化转化器及其制作方法 |
DK3129142T3 (da) * | 2014-04-07 | 2021-01-25 | Haldor Topsoe As | Skalimprægneret katalysator og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et skalimprægneret katalysatorlegeme |
FR3021556B1 (fr) * | 2014-05-30 | 2018-01-26 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Catalyseur sous forme d'un monolithe avec un reseau de canaux |
EA036528B1 (ru) | 2014-08-15 | 2020-11-19 | Глоубал Ойл Эор Системз, Лтд. | Генератор пара пероксида водорода для нефтепромысловых применений |
CA2960555A1 (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-03-24 | Siluria Technologies, Inc. | Catalysts for oxidative coupling of methane and oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane |
SG11201702330XA (en) | 2014-10-07 | 2017-04-27 | Protonex Technology Corp | Sofc-conduction |
US9579628B2 (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2017-02-28 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Perforated adsorbent particles |
CN106450393A (zh) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 吉林师范大学 | 一种微型甲醇重整器 |
US10790523B2 (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2020-09-29 | Upstart Power, Inc. | CPOX reactor control system and method |
KR102755821B1 (ko) | 2016-08-11 | 2025-01-15 | 업스타트 파워 인코포레이티드 | 평면 고체 산화물 연료 유닛 셀 및 스택 |
WO2021030211A1 (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-18 | Stellar Materials, Llc | Lightweight refractory compositions |
US12017915B2 (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2024-06-25 | Petroleo Brasileiro S.A.—Petrobras | Catalysts, processes for obtaining and processes for steam reforming |
KR20220052099A (ko) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-04-27 | 한국화학연구원 | 메탄의 수증기 개질용 니켈계 촉매 및 이를 이용한 메탄의 수증기 개질 반응 |
CN112876246A (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-06-01 | 苏州金宏气体股份有限公司 | Pd单原子铌酸钾压电多孔陶瓷、其制法及高效制氢 |
CN115592555B (zh) * | 2022-10-11 | 2024-12-10 | 南方科技大学 | 一种硅基材料的表面修整器及其在修型与抛光中的应用 |
Family Cites Families (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2328656A1 (fr) | 1975-10-22 | 1977-05-20 | Azote & Prod Chim | Nouveau catalyseur de reformage a la vapeur |
FR2350141A1 (fr) | 1976-05-07 | 1977-12-02 | Ceraver | Structure ceramique de support de catalyseur |
FR2375138A1 (fr) | 1976-12-23 | 1978-07-21 | Azote & Prod Chim | Catalyseur de reformage a la vapeur a base de magnesie |
US4233187A (en) | 1979-03-26 | 1980-11-11 | United Catalysts Inc. | Catalyst and process for steam-reforming of hydrocarbons |
JPS5849602A (ja) * | 1981-09-18 | 1983-03-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水蒸気改質装置 |
JPS5895602A (ja) * | 1981-12-02 | 1983-06-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 炭化水素燃料改質装置 |
GB8501526D0 (en) | 1985-01-22 | 1985-02-20 | Ici Plc | Catalyst |
CN1025158C (zh) * | 1989-10-28 | 1994-06-29 | 齐鲁石油化工公司研究院 | 含镧铝改性氧化铝载体的烃类蒸汽转化催化剂 |
JP3157498B2 (ja) | 1990-05-15 | 2001-04-16 | シチズン時計株式会社 | 貫通穴保有部品 |
JPH04193781A (ja) | 1990-11-26 | 1992-07-13 | Inax Corp | 貫通孔付きセラミック体及びその製法 |
US5427601A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1995-06-27 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Sintered metal bodies and manufacturing method therefor |
JPH05307394A (ja) | 1991-12-12 | 1993-11-19 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | 防振材 |
JPH07241881A (ja) | 1994-03-02 | 1995-09-19 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 多孔体の製造方法及びその製造装置 |
US5935896A (en) * | 1996-05-02 | 1999-08-10 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Catalyst supports and catalysts for dehydrocyanation reactions and processes for producing them |
DE19618129A1 (de) * | 1996-05-06 | 1997-11-13 | Basf Ag | Katalysatorträger und Katalysatoren für Dehydrocyanisierungsreaktionen und deren Herstellungsverfahren |
DE19828491A1 (de) * | 1998-06-26 | 1999-12-30 | Degussa | Formkörper auf Basis von Siliciumdioxid |
TR200103579T2 (tr) * | 1999-06-11 | 2002-04-22 | Corning Incorporated | Düşük genleşmeli, yüksek gözenekli, yüksek mukavemetli kordierit cisimler ve bunların yapılış yöntemi. |
US6436363B1 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-08-20 | Engelhard Corporation | Process for generating hydrogen-rich gas |
JP2003277128A (ja) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-10-02 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | セラミック成形体の製造方法、セラミック成形体、セラミック焼結体の製造方法およびセラミック焼結体 |
US7455709B2 (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2008-11-25 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Honeycomb structural body |
US7399728B2 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2008-07-15 | Umicore Ag & Co Kg | Catalyst formulation, exhaust system, and gas treatment device |
US7214331B2 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2007-05-08 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Catalyst configuration and methods for syngas production |
JP2005262070A (ja) | 2004-03-18 | 2005-09-29 | Hitachi Ltd | 水素製造用触媒 |
US7374729B2 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2008-05-20 | Basf Catalysts Llc | Exhaust gas treatment catalyst |
US7767619B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2010-08-03 | Sud-Chemie Inc. | Promoted calcium-aluminate supported catalysts for synthesis gas generation |
DE102005019596A1 (de) * | 2005-04-27 | 2006-11-02 | Süd-Chemie AG | Katalysatorträger |
AU2006325210B8 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2010-09-23 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Catalyst bodies for use in Fischer-Tropsch reactions |
US7517510B2 (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2009-04-14 | Basf Catalysts Llc | Layered catalyst composite |
-
2007
- 2007-09-27 DE DE102007046297.4A patent/DE102007046297B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-09-24 GB GB0817454A patent/GB2453424B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-25 US US12/237,772 patent/US8349758B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-27 CN CN2008101669296A patent/CN101402056B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-29 JP JP2008249925A patent/JP5236412B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-29 DK DK200801353A patent/DK177765B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK200801353A (en) | 2009-03-28 |
DK177765B1 (da) | 2014-06-16 |
GB2453424B (en) | 2011-08-03 |
US20090111687A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
GB0817454D0 (ja) | 2008-10-29 |
CN101402056B (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
US8349758B2 (en) | 2013-01-08 |
CN101402056A (zh) | 2009-04-08 |
DE102007046297A1 (de) | 2009-04-09 |
DE102007046297B4 (de) | 2016-12-22 |
JP2009106931A (ja) | 2009-05-21 |
GB2453424A (en) | 2009-04-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5236412B2 (ja) | 蒸気改質触媒のための新触媒設計および製造プロセス | |
AU2015365613B2 (en) | Catalyst manufacturing method | |
RU2598381C2 (ru) | Способ изготовления катализатора | |
US20020179887A1 (en) | Supported perovskite-type oxides and methods for preparation thereof | |
KR20060043195A (ko) | 촉매 배향 및 합성가스의 제조방법 | |
KR102573127B1 (ko) | 메탄의 수증기 개질용 니켈계 촉매 및 이를 이용한 메탄의 수증기 개질 반응 | |
Alimi et al. | Monolith catalyst design via 3D printing: A reusable support for modern palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions | |
US20080138273A1 (en) | Wall flow reactor for hydrogen production | |
CN116507418A (zh) | 使用循环流反应器中的催化体系的重整烃的方法 | |
US20120149548A1 (en) | Process for the preparation of a catalytic specie using electro-deposition | |
US9034282B2 (en) | Catalytic reactor including one cellular area having controlled macroporosity and a controlled microstructure and one area having a standard microstructure | |
RU2430782C1 (ru) | Катализатор, способ его приготовления и способ окисления аммиака | |
US20120248377A1 (en) | Catalytic Reactor Including a Catalytic Cellular Structure and at least One Structural Element | |
KR101336765B1 (ko) | 탄화수소 개질촉매 제조방법 | |
RU2756660C1 (ru) | Каталитический элемент регулярной сотовой структуры для гетерогенных реакций | |
US8747769B2 (en) | Catalytic reactor including a cell-like structure and elements optimizing the contact thereof with the inner wall of the reactor | |
JPWO2017130937A1 (ja) | 不均一系触媒構造体及びその製造方法 | |
JP2022535020A (ja) | 耐熱性ルテニウム複合体、並びにNOx吸蔵及び還元触媒としての用途 | |
EP1408018A1 (en) | Supported perovskite-type oxides and methods for preparation thereof | |
RU2244589C1 (ru) | Катализатор, способ его приготовления и способ получения синтез-газа | |
KR20250032152A (ko) | 합성가스 제조를 위한 촉매 지지체와 이를 이용한 촉매 | |
JP2025501279A (ja) | フィッシャートロプシュ触媒システム | |
RU2248240C1 (ru) | Катализатор, способ его приготовления и способ получения синтез-газа | |
WO2024203759A1 (ja) | ハニカム構造体 | |
CN119500210A (zh) | 用于制备合成气的催化剂结构、装置和方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090217 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20090217 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20110530 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110603 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20110902 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20110907 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20110930 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20111011 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20111031 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20120727 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20120830 |
|
RD03 | Notification of appointment of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7423 Effective date: 20121010 |
|
RD03 | Notification of appointment of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7423 Effective date: 20121012 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20121127 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20130104 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20130308 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20130327 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Ref document number: 5236412 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20160405 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R3D02 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |