JP4873482B2 - 複数のレーザ光源を用いた金属樹脂接合方法及び金属樹脂複合体 - Google Patents
複数のレーザ光源を用いた金属樹脂接合方法及び金属樹脂複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4873482B2 JP4873482B2 JP2007049839A JP2007049839A JP4873482B2 JP 4873482 B2 JP4873482 B2 JP 4873482B2 JP 2007049839 A JP2007049839 A JP 2007049839A JP 2007049839 A JP2007049839 A JP 2007049839A JP 4873482 B2 JP4873482 B2 JP 4873482B2
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
- B29C65/1616—Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2305/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as reinforcement
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
本発明の方法で使用する金属材料としては、鉄、アルミニウム、チタン、銅等及びそれらの合金が挙げられるが、特に限定されない。本発明においては、接合部を高い温度まで急速加熱できる、炭素鋼、ステンレス鋼、チタン合金等からなる金属材料が特に好ましい。金属材料は、樹脂材料との接合力を高めるための表面処理を行ったものが好ましい。金属材料の厚さは特に限定されず、0.1mm以上、さらには1mm以上、さらには3mm以上の厚さの金属材料であっても構わない。
なお、レ−ザ光源を使用する場合は、レーザのパワー、パワー密度、加工速度(移動速度)や焦点はずし距離等の照射条件は、目的に応じて適宜設定可能である。例えば、レーザのパワー密度は、1W/mm2〜10kW/mm2が好ましい。また、金属材料と樹脂材料の接合面付近の樹脂材料のみに微細な気泡を発生させる条件を設定することが好ましい。具体的には、レーザのパワーを大きくすると接合部が高温になり、その後の冷却も遅くなり樹脂中に発生する気泡も大きくなり、一方、パワーを小さくすると樹脂中に気泡が発生しないか、気泡が極端に少なくなり、接合強度は小さくなる。接合強度は、適切なサイズの気泡を急速に発生させることにより、溶融した状態の樹脂を金属の表面に密着するようにすると、高くなる。また、レーザの焦点はずし距離を大きくすると、パワー密度が小さくなるため、それをカバーする大きなパワーのレーザを照射することができ、その結果広い条件範囲で良好な接合部が得られ、制御が容易である。また、レーザの移動速度を高くすると、好適な接合が得られるレーザパワーの範囲が広くなるので制御が容易になる。なお、レーザの照射の方向は、金属材料と樹脂材料を合わせた状態でいずれの材料側から行っても強固な接合部を形成することができる。
図1は、本発明の方法による金属樹脂接合方法を水平方向から見た構成を示す図である。樹脂溶融用レーザ光源として、波長1064nmの連続発振YAGレーザ光1を用い、樹脂分解用レーザ光源として、波長1064nmのパルス発振YAGレーザ光2を用いた。レーザ光1に関しては、レーザ加工ヘッド3にレーザ光1を導入し、45度のレーザ入射角度4で、被加工物5の3mm厚のステンレス鋼SUS304の上に、被加工物6の2mmのPA(ナイロン)薄板を重ねたものに照射した。レーザ光1は、パワーが600Wで、レンズの焦点位置から下方に遠ざかる方向に37.5mm離れた位置において、ビームスポット形状が、8.9mm×12.6mmの楕円形である状態で照射した。一方、レーザ光2は、レーザ加工ヘッド7の集光レンズ8で絞り、焦点位置でスポット径1mmで、照射時間1msで0.3Jのレーザパワーを2パルス/秒で投入した。試料台9が移動し、レーザ溶接速度5mm/sを実現した。レーザ加工ヘッド3に取り付けた直径6mmのガスノズルからシールドガス11のアルゴンガスを40l/Minで吹きかけた。図2は、本発明の方法による金属樹脂接合方法を鉛直方向から見た構成を示す図である。被加工物5および6は、クランプ12で固定され、レーザ照射されたところに金属樹脂接合部13が形成された。また、レーザ光2のレーザ照射位置14は、レーザ光1の照射位置の中心から4.5mm離れている。図3は、本発明の方法によってレーザ光1及びレーザ光2の両方を使用して生成した金属樹脂接合部の外観写真である。図4は、レーザ光2を使用せずレーザ光1だけを使用し、その他はすべて本発明の方法と同じ条件で実施した金属樹脂接合部の外観写真である。図3では、レーザ光2を照射した領域15において適度な大きさの気泡16が発生している。これに対して、図4では、気泡16と同程度の大きさの気泡は観測できなかった。さらに、レーザ光1とレーザ光2を併用した場合とレーザ光1を単独使用した場合において、試験片の幅30mmでの引張試験を実施したところ、それぞれの引張強度は1710Nと1500Nであり、二種類のレーザ光を使用した方が14%高い接合強度が得られた。
2 レーザ光2
3 レーザ加工ヘッド
4 レーザ入射角度
5 被加工物(SUS304)
6 被加工物(PA薄板)
7 レーザ加工ヘッド
8 集光レンズ
9 試料台
11 シールドガス
12 クランプ
13 金属樹脂接合部
14 レーザ光2のレーザ照射位置
15 レーザ光2を照射した領域
16 気泡
Claims (4)
- レーザ光源を用いて金属材料と樹脂材料を合わせた状態で接合部の樹脂材料に気泡を発生させる温度まで加熱することにより金属材料と樹脂材料を接合する方法において、レーザ光源として、樹脂材料を溶融させる温度に加熱する樹脂溶融用レーザ光源と樹脂材料を分解させる温度に加熱する樹脂分解用レーザ光源を使用することを特徴とする金属樹脂接合方法。
- 樹脂溶融用レーザ光源の照射によって樹脂材料が溶融されている範囲に対して、樹脂分解用レーザ光源を照射して樹脂材料を分解することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 接合部の樹脂材料に発生される気泡の球相当直径が0.01mm〜1mmであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 樹脂材料が熱可塑性であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
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