JP4203108B2 - 複数の細胞を培養し、その中の単個細胞の状態を決定する方法 - Google Patents
複数の細胞を培養し、その中の単個細胞の状態を決定する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は細胞を保持する装置に関する。本発明はより具体的には、細胞を培養する装置であって、単個細胞の配列、つまり機能的アンサンブル(functional ensenble)を、動的制御された環境の中で増殖させて、個々に分析することのできる装置に関する。
本発明は細胞を保持する(holding)装置に関する。この装置は、動的制御された環境(dynamically controlled environment)を有する細胞培養機構を具え、この環境は動的に制御され、所望条件に維持されており、細胞は所望条件下に維持された環境の中で増殖し、検査されるものである。本発明の装置はまた、細胞の状態を判定又は決定する(determining)機構を具えている。この決定機構は培養機構に連繋されている。
図面を参照すると、同一又は同様な要素については、全図を通じて同じ符号を付してあり、より具体的には、図1a乃至1e、図4a及び図4bにおいて、細胞を保持するシステム(300)が示されている。システム(300)は、動的制御された環境を有する細胞培養機構を具え、この環境は動的に制御され、所望条件に維持されており、細胞は所望条件下に維持された環境の中で増殖し、検査されるものである。システム(300)はまた、細胞の状態を決定する機構(202)を具えている。この決定機構(202)は培養機構(200)に連繋されている。
a.無脊椎動物の単個細胞
b.脊椎動物の単個細胞
c.単寄生有機体
d.単微生物(原生動物、バクテリア、トリパノソーマ類、アメーバ、菌類)
e.哺乳類細胞の例(但し、これらに限定されるものではない)
1.筋肉細胞
2.受精卵
3.腺細胞
4.内皮細胞
5.免疫反応性細胞(T細胞、B細胞、NK細胞、マクロファージ、好中球、好塩基球、マスト細胞、好酸球)
6.造血幹細胞
7.ケラチノサイト
8.グリア細胞を含むニューロン又は神経細胞
9.間葉細胞又は間葉幹細胞
10.皮膚細胞
11.胎児性幹細胞
f.植物細胞の例(但し、これらに限定されるものではない)
1.被子植物類の細胞(双子葉植物、単子葉植物)
2.有胚植物類の細胞(裸子植物、シダ(filicineae)、コケ、ヒカゲノカズラ(lycopodmeae)、トクサ(equisetineae))
3.緑藻植物の細胞(緑藻)
2.セファロース4β(ファルマシア・コーポレイション)のようなカラムを使用し、グリコシル化蛋白質を検出するためのレンチルレクチンクロマトグラフィー。
3.ファットマン・コーポレイション(Whatman Corporation)製のカラムを使用したジエチルアミノエチル(DEAE)。
4.シンクロパックAX300(Thompson Instrument Company)のカラムを使用したイオン交換高圧液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)分析。
5.プロテイン−PAK300SW(Millipore Corporation)のようなカラムを使用し、セントリプレップ(centriprep)又はセントリコン(centricon)-30(分子量30,000でカットオフ)のマイクロ遠心分離機用試料を使用したゲル濾過(HPLC)。
6.Vydac4 HPLC カラム(The Separations Group Corporation)の如き装置を使用し、トリフルオロ酢酸(Pierce Corporation)又はアセトニトリル(Baxter Corporation)と平衡させる逆位相(HPLC)。
7.インテグレイテッド・セパレイションズ・システムズ・インコーポレイテッドが市販している試薬を使用した、デオデシルサルフェートナトリウム/ポリアクリルアミドのゲル電気泳動(SDS/PAGE)分析。
8.ツニカマイシンによるグリコシル化又はN−グリコシダーゼ処理のための蛋白質分析(Wurthington Biochemical Corporation及びGenzyme Corporationから入手した試薬を使用する)。
9.増殖刺激検定(生物学的検定);公表された方法を使用するもので、各成長因子内の種々のサイトカインの各々に反応する公知の細胞集団を用いており、ターゲット指示体の細胞集団により、所定量の組織培養培地について、トリチウム化チミジン含有の刺激を調べる[Pogue-Geile, K.L., Sakakeeny, M.A., Panza, J.L., Sell, S.L., Greenberger, J.S. "Cloning and Expression of Unique Murine Maceophage Colony Stimukating Factor Transcripts." Blood, 85:34783486, 1995]。
10.pH、重炭酸イオン濃度、塩化物濃度、酸素濃度の分析を含み、呼吸器/酸化性生理的機能性分析。
11.アンモニア尿素の検定を含む分解生成物の生産と、特定の培養培地に含まれるグルコース、果糖その他砂糖分子の消費(ダルベッコのモディファイドイーグル媒地、マッコイの媒地その他の組織培養媒地でGIBCOコーポレイションその他サプライヤーから入手できるものを含む)。
12.SIGMA Pharmaceutical Company、又は一般的な病院の臨床研究所から入手できる標準の生化学的試験キットを使用した酵素分析で、プロテアーゼ、スクラーゼそして酵素を結合又は分解するその他糖に対する試験を含んでいる。検定はアミラーゼ、酸ホスファターゼ、アルカリホスファターゼ、炭酸脱水酵素(carbonic anhydrase)などに対する試験を含んでいる。
次に、バイオチャンバー(10)は閉じられる。ユニットは、各細胞分裂での培地変化に基づいて、サイクルがプログラミングされている(CD34+Lin-Thy1+表現型のパターン認識にリンクされている)。
これら生長因子は、イムネックス(Immunex)及びアムゲン(Amgen)を含む商業的サプライヤーから入手できる。なお、これらは、培地-A又は増殖培地の例であることに留意すべきである。異なる種類の増殖培地があってもよく、細胞の形式によっては培地-Aだけに限らない。細胞が健全性を以て再生できるものであれば、どんな増殖培地でも構わない。細胞は次に、バイオチャンバー(10)の中へ入れられ、37℃(31℃〜49℃の範囲で変更可能)の温度、7%CO2(0.1%〜40%の範囲で変更可能)に設定され、湿度は高レベル(低レベル又は非常に高いレベルでも可)に維持される。
細胞分裂の転写調節剤(transcriptional regulators)は、付着に関連するもの及び時間による細胞分化とは分離されることができる。換言すれば、特定の生長培地を追加すると、生長因子を休診培地と置き換えることにより、「3台の列車(trains)が3台のトラック(tracks)になる」ので、より多くの追加生長因子(細胞分裂)の効果とは独立して、1台の列車は非常に小さなトラックの終端へ進む。このように、ある位置では、未分化状態では2つの細胞は両方とも停止する。生長因子を増殖培地の中へ再添加すると、3台の列車は再び3台のトラックになり、休止培地を加えると、列車は2台目と3台目が停止する。これは何度も何度も起こる。休止培地の時間は、細胞が回復するかどうかを決定し、3台の列車を3台のトラックへ開始させることができる。バイオリアクターはまた、理想状態を最適化するために、休止培地の時間長さを決めるのに用いることもできる(1台の列車が終了まで進み、2台目と3台目の列車は停止する)。
Claims (7)
- 複数の細胞を培養し、その中の単個細胞の状態を決定する方法であって、
動的制御され所望条件に維持されたバイオチャンバーを有するハウジングの中で複数の細胞を培養するステップであって、ハウジングのバイオチャンバーに設けられた第1の凹所及び少なくとも第2の凹所の中で、細胞を増殖させることを含むステップと、
バイオチャンバーが動的制御され所望条件に維持された状態で、複数の細胞の中の単個細胞を個々に経時的に検査するステップと、
バイオチャンバーが動的制御され所望条件に維持された状態で、経時的に、複数の細胞の中の単個細胞の状態を自動的に決定するステップと、
を有しており、
自動的に決定するステップは、バイオチャンバーの中の第1及び第2の凹所を観察することができるハウジングの第1ポート機構を通じて、画像機構により、第1及び第2の凹所の中の細胞の像を作成し、画像機構で作成された第1及び第2の凹所の像を、画像機構に接続されたコンピュータで受けるようになし、画像機構及びコンピュータにより、第1の凹所又は第2の凹所内の細胞の状態を決定することによって行われる方法。 - 培養するステップは、ハウジングの第2ポート機構を通じて、バイオチャンバーを制御するステップを含んでいる請求項1の方法。
- 制御するステップは、第1及び第2の凹所内の細胞を所定温度に維持するステップを含んでいる請求項2の方法。
- 自動的に決定するステップは、コンピュータ及び画像機構により、第1の凹所又は第2の凹所内の細胞が増加したかどうかを確認するステップを含んでいる請求項1の方法。
- コンピュータに連繋された顕微鏡機構が、第1ポート機構に隣接して配備され、確認するステップは、顕微鏡機構により、第1及び第2の凹所を観察するステップを含んでいる請求項4の方法。
- 顕微鏡機構による第1及び第2の凹所内の細胞の像を、コンピュータに接続されたカメラ機構によって撮影するステップを含んでいる請求項5の方法。
- 決定するステップは、顕微鏡機構が第1及び第2の凹所内の細胞を観察できるように、第1及び第2の凹所を顕微鏡機構に関して移動させるステップを含んでいる請求項6の方法。
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AU742909B2 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
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