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JP3505603B2 - 縦に柔軟な拡張し得る改善ステント - Google Patents

縦に柔軟な拡張し得る改善ステント

Info

Publication number
JP3505603B2
JP3505603B2 JP52637796A JP52637796A JP3505603B2 JP 3505603 B2 JP3505603 B2 JP 3505603B2 JP 52637796 A JP52637796 A JP 52637796A JP 52637796 A JP52637796 A JP 52637796A JP 3505603 B2 JP3505603 B2 JP 3505603B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
stent
segment
struts
adjacent
segments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP52637796A
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English (en)
Other versions
JPH11505441A (ja
Inventor
ブラウン，ブライアン，ジェイ．
デイヴィス，ミカエル，エル．
Original Assignee
サイメド ライフ システムズ，インコーポレイテッド
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Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=27015561&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=JP3505603(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from US08/511,076 external-priority patent/US6818014B2/en
Application filed by サイメド ライフ システムズ，インコーポレイテッド filed Critical サイメド ライフ システムズ，インコーポレイテッド
Publication of JPH11505441A publication Critical patent/JPH11505441A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3505603B2 publication Critical patent/JP3505603B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91525—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other within the whole structure different bands showing different meander characteristics, e.g. frequency or amplitude
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91533—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91533—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
    • A61F2002/91541—Adjacent bands are arranged out of phase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91558—Adjacent bands being connected to each other connected peak to peak
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
    • A61F2210/0019—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol operated at only one temperature whilst inside or touching the human body, e.g. constrained in a non-operative shape during surgery, another temperature only occurring before the operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
    • A61F2230/0054—V-shaped
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2250/0018—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in elasticity, stiffness or compressibility

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本出願は出願Serial No.08/396,569（1995.3.1出
願）の継続出願であって、その開示内容はこの引用によ
りここに包含される。
技術分野 本発明は、体内器官、特に血管内における移植のため
の内部人工器官に関する。更に特定すると、縦方向の拡
張性が改善された管状の拡張し得るステントである。
本発明の背景 ステントは、血管中の狭窄症（例えば瘢痕性拘縮性又
は沈積性狭窄症）又は動脈瘤を治療するために血管中に
置かれ又は移植される。それらは、血管の虚脱しつつあ
る、部分的に閉塞した、弱った又は拡張している部分を
強化するために移植される。それらは、尿管又は胆管中
にも移植される。
典型的には、ステントは、設置する際には末拡張の
（閉鎖した）径を持ち、器官又は管中に設置された後拡
張した（開放した）径を持つ。或る種のステントは自己
拡張性でありそして他の或る種のステントはステントの
中で、バルーンの膨脹のようにステント内から直径外方
向への力により機械的に拡張される。
後者の例は、パルマズ（Palmaz）出願の米国特許第4,
733,665号（1988年３月29日公告）に記載されており、
カテーテルを使用する移植のためのステント構造の数例
が開示されている。そのカテーテルは、ステントを血管
中に設置した後、ステントを成形、変形して拡張するた
めにステント内のバルーンが膨脹する配置を含んでい
る。
自己拡張型のステントは、ドッテル（Dotter）出願の
米国特許第4,503,569号（1985年３月12日公告）に記載
されており、温度変化により移植した構造へ拡張する形
状記憶ステントが開示されている。形状記憶材料から製
造されていない他の型の自己拡張型も知られている。
本願発明は、下記詳細に説明するように構築される際
に縦方向に拡張性である上述の全ての型に関する。柔軟
性は、器官中で屈折するのに順応できるようにするステ
ントでは特に望ましい性能である。そのような例は、ヒ
ルステッド（Hillstead）出願の米国特許第4,856,516
号；ウォルフ（Wolff）出願の米国特許第5,104,404号；
マクグレゴル（MacGregor）出願の米国特許第4,994,071
号、パルマズ（Palmaz）出願の米国特許5,102,417号；
シャッツ（Schatz）出願の米国特許第5,195,984号；ヒ
ルステッド（Hillstead）出願の米国特許第5,135,536
号；シェプペッシュ他（Shepp−Pesch）出願の米国特許
第5,354,309号；ラウ（Lau）出願の欧州特許出願No.0
540 290 A2;シャッツ（Schatz）出願の欧州特許出願N
o.0 364 787 B1、及びPCT出願WO94/17754（ドイツ出
願43 03 181としても同定）に記載されている。
概して言うと、これらの種のステントは、一列にし
た、拡張性の、比較的柔軟性でない、環状のセグメント
の複数からなっていて、そのセグメントは普通は管体を
形成するために柔軟な素子により相互に連結しており、
そしてその管体は可なり分節しそして屈曲することがで
きる。不幸なことに、そのようなステントには、互いに
向かって移動しそして接触するセグメントのために屈曲
部の内側で隣接するセグメントの間で屈折、重複又は干
渉が起こり得るか、又は屈曲部位の外側でセグメントは
互いに移動して離れ、大きい間隔をおいてしまうかも知
れない問題点がある。これは、器官の不適当な支え、器
官の損傷、流れ障害、捩れ、拡張中のバルーンの破裂そ
して既に移植した装置を通過した後器官の未だ支えられ
ていない部分へ設置される装置の再通過の困難等の原因
になるかも知れない。
各々のセグメントの間の対角線結合を持つダイヤモン
ド構造と各々のセグメントの全てのダイヤモンド構造も
知られているがそのような密接構造は柔軟性に欠ける。
本発明の目的は、このような問題がなくそしてセグメ
ント間の柔軟関節におけるよりはむしろその構造のステ
ント体セグメント内において改善された（直径方向と縦
方向の）柔軟性を発揮して、開放構造が縦方向に柔軟で
あるステントを提供するものである。
本発明の概要 この目的のために、本発明は管状の拡張し得るステン
トを提供するものであって、 そのステントは、ほぼ管状のステント体を区画するた
めに共通縦軸上に一列に配置された複数の円筒形の開口
円筒状セグメントからなり； 各々のセグメントは、拡張性のステントセグメントの
周縁を区画するために、互いに連結した実質的に平行で
ある複数の支柱からなる波状の柔軟性のあるパターンで
形成された部材により区画されておりそしてそれら支柱
の対は交代に互いに連結する末端部を持ち、そして上記
の複数のセグメントの中で、各々のセグメントの中の対
になった支柱の連結した末端部は、ステントが拡張され
る前には、隣接するセグメント中の対である支柱の連結
した末端部分に実質的に向かい合って位置する。上記の
複数のセグメントは、一つのセグメント上の連結した末
端部の少数から隣接するセグメント上の連結した末端部
の少数に伸長している複数の相互連結素子により互いに
連結されていて、各々のセグメントの一つの側からその
他の側への複数の連結点の間に３個以上の脚があるよう
になっている。更に上記連結素子は、一つのセグメント
の連結した末端部から、隣接するセグメント上の向かい
合っている連結した末端部ではないその隣接するセグメ
ントの連結末端部へ斜めに（angularly）伸長し、それ
によりステントが拡張した結果、隣接するセグメントは
互いに関してステント体の周縁部を移動して離れて、複
数のセグメントの間で柔軟性の連結手を関節化すること
によるよりはむしろ隣接するセグメントの間の干渉なし
に対になっている支柱内でステントの曲げを収める。そ
の結果、セグメント間の連結素子は普通の使用条件下で
は屈折するようなことはない。
図面の簡単な説明 図１は、本発明の末拡張のステントの構造を示す。
図２は、管状の、末拡張ステントの図１のパターンを
示す。
図３は、図１に示した構造の拡張ステントを示す。
図４は、本発明の別の末拡張ステントの平面構造を示
す。
本発明の最良の形態 図に戻って、図１と図２は、末拡張ステント構造の部
分的平面図と実際の（末拡張）管状ステントを示す。即
ち、ステントは判り易いように図１に平面で示されそし
て平らなパターン10（図１）から形成されてよくそして
そのパターンは、端部12と14（図１）を一緒にするよう
にパターンを巻くことにより管状に変形される。複数の
端部は溶接により又は同様のものにより接続されて図２
に示したような構造を形成する。
構造は、これらの図面に見られるように大体16に示し
た複数の隣接するセグメントからなっており、それらの
各々は実質的に平行である支柱18の波うつ柔軟なパター
ンの形状になっている。支柱の対は交代する末端部19a
と19bで互いに連絡している。図１に見られるように、
一つのセグメントの相互連結末端部19bは隣接するセグ
メントの相互連結末端部19aに向かい合う。末端部は図
示したように概して楕円形であるが、丸型又は角形又は
尖った形又は等々であってもよい。末端部のいずれの構
造も図示したようにそれが波うつパターンを呈する限り
は受容できる。平面型10が図２に示したような末拡張管
になる時は、セグメントは円筒状であるが互いに隣接す
るセグメントの末端部19は互いに関して向かい合ってい
る。
製造のためにより好ましい方法は、薄壁管に始まり次
にそれは所望の構造にするためにレーザカットされる。
その管は、適当な構造を形成するために化学的にエッチ
ングされるか又はEDM（放電加工）されてもよい。
相互連結素子20は、一つのセグメント16の一つの末端
部19から隣接するセグメント16の向かい合っている末端
部19ではない隣接するセグメント16の別の一つの末端部
に伸長する。一つのセグメント16の各々の側上の（複数
の）点であって相互連結素子20が末端部19と接続する
（複数の）点の間の各々には少なくとも３個の支柱が含
まれる。これは、管状ステントの周縁上のセグメントの
間で相互連結素子20が斜め方向（angular dirtection）
に伸長するという結果を生む。相互連結素子20は、同じ
長さであるのが好ましいが、一つのセグメント間から他
のセグメント間では異なっていってもよい。斜め方向
（diagonal direction）も、一つのセグメントから別の
一つのセグメントへ或る場合には上方へ伸長しそして別
の場合には下方へと逆転してもよいが、対になっている
セグメントの間の全ての連結素子は実質的に平行でなけ
ればならない。例えば、図１ではそれらが左から右へ下
降して伸長している。この構造で左から右へ上昇して伸
長してもよい。
この、隣接するセグメントとループの間の相互連結素
子の斜め伸長の結果として、図３に見られるようにステ
ントが拡張すると、セグメント16の間の最も近い隣接末
端部19は互いに移動して離れそして最早互いに向かい合
うことはなくセグメント間の結合又は重複、換言すれば
ピンチングを最小にするようになる。
相互連結する素子20の数は、個々の場合における環境
に依存して変わってよい。図示した構造ではセグメント
当たり３個の素子で充分であり、少なくとも３個が典型
的に使用されるだろう。
図４に示した別の設計は、中間セグメント16中の支柱
より長い支柱18aを二つの末端セグメント16aの中に含
む。これは末端セグメント（16a）が、中間セグメント
（16）より少ない圧縮抵抗を持つようにして、生来の器
官からステントの支持構造への遷移を更に緩やかにす
る。さもなければ、構造は図１に示したのと同様であ
る。
既に示したように、本発明は自己拡張性、機械拡張性
の構造そして金属とプラスチックの両方そして拡張性ス
テントとして機能し得る材料を含む多様の材料に適用し
得る。例えば、ステントはタンタル、ステンレス鋼又は
同様のものの金属の針金又はリボンであってもよい。そ
れは薄壁であってもよい。それはニチノール（Nitino
l）又は同様のもの等々のような形状記憶合金であって
もよい。
上記の実施例と開示は説明のためであって、これによ
る限定を意図するものではない。これらの説明と開示は
多くの変形と別法を当業者に示唆するものである。これ
らの全ての別法と変法は、添付した請求項の範囲内に包
含されるものである。当業者はここに記載された具体例
に同等な他のものを認識し、それらも添付した請求項に
包含されることを意図するものである。
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 デイヴィス，ミカエル，エル. アメリカ合衆国，ミネソタ州 55331, ショアウッド，ストラトフォード プレ イス 22020 (56)参考文献 特開 平６−292730（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−7455（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−181993（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−263852（ＪＰ，Ａ) 国際公開94／17754（ＷＯ，Ａ１) 米国特許5389106（ＵＳ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) A61M 29/00 A61M 29/02

Claims (21)

    (57)【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】共通縦軸上に一列に配置された複数の円筒
    形セグメントであって、各々のセグメントは、相互連結
    した実質的に平行である複数の支柱からなる波状のパタ
    ーンを有し、そして上記複数の円筒形セグメントの中で
    一つの与えられたセグメント内の支柱の隣接する対が向
    かい合う末端で相互連結し、一つのセグメントの相互連
    結した末端は隣接するセグメントの相互連結した末端に
    対して実質的に向かい合う複数の円筒形セグメント； 及び 各々が一つのセグメント上の対になった支柱の末端から
    隣接するセグメント上の対になった支柱の末端へ伸長す
    る複数の相互連結素子であって、該素子は一つのセグメ
    ント上の一つの末端から、隣接するセグメント上の向か
    い合った末端へではなく別の一つの末端へ斜めに伸長
    し、該素子の分布はセグメントの向かい合う側上の各々
    の連結点の間に少なくとも３個の支柱が存在するように
    なっている複数の相互連結素子； からなる管状で可撓性の拡張し得るステントであって、 それにより、該ステントが拡張した際、隣接するセグメ
    ントの対になった支柱は互いに対して分離させられて、
    ステントの縦方向の屈曲をセグメント内で、隣接するセ
    グメント間の干渉なしに、吸収する 管状で可撓性の拡張し得るステント。
  2. 【請求項２】金属である材料からなる請求項１記載のス
    テント。
  3. 【請求項３】金属が形状記憶合金である請求項２記載の
    ステント。
  4. 【請求項４】ステントが薄壁の管状部材である請求項２
    記載のステント。
  5. 【請求項５】自己拡張構造である請求項１記載のステン
    ト。
  6. 【請求項６】機械的拡張性構造である請求項１記載のス
    テント。
  7. 【請求項７】隣接するセグメント間の相互連結素子が同
    じ長さである請求項１記載のステント。
  8. 【請求項８】ステントが末端セグメントと中間セグメン
    トを含みそしてそしてステントの末端セグメントがステ
    ントの中間セグメントより長い支柱を含む請求項１記載
    のステント。
  9. 【請求項９】共通縦軸上に一列に配置された複数の円筒
    形セグメントであって、各々のセグメントは、相互連結
    した実質的に平行である複数の支柱からなる波状のパタ
    ーンを有し、そして上記複数の円筒形セグメントの中で
    一つの与えられたセグメント内の支柱の隣接する対が向
    かい合う末端で相互連結し、一つのセグメントの相互連
    結した末端は隣接するセグメントの相互連結した末端に
    対して実質的に向かい合う複数の円筒形セグメント； 及び 各々が一つのセグメント上の対になった支柱の末端から
    隣接するセグメント上の対になった支柱の末端への伸長
    する複数の相互連結素子であって、該素子は一つのセグ
    メント上の一つの末端から、隣接するセグメント上の一
    つの末端へ斜めに伸長する複数の相互連結素子； からなる管状で可撓性の拡張し得るステントであって、 それにより、該ステントが拡張した際、隣接するセグメ
    ントの対になった支柱はステント本体の周縁上で互いに
    対して分離させられて、ステントの縦方向の屈曲をセグ
    メント内で、隣接するセグメント間の干渉なしに、収め
    る 管状で可撓性の拡張し得るステント。
  10. 【請求項１０】複数の円筒形セグメントからなり、 各々のセグメントは、支柱対からなる波状のパターンを
    有し、 各々の支柱対は、前記支柱の一つの末端でのみ相互連結
    している二つの隣接する支柱から形成され、 支柱の前記相互結合末端は、前記支柱対の末端部であ
    り、 隣接する支柱対は、一つの支柱を共有し、 隣接する支柱対の間で共有される前記支柱は、隣接する
    支柱に一つの末端で結合し、そして別の隣接する支柱に
    他の末端で結合し、そして 隣接するセグメントは、一番目と二番目の末端を持つ複
    数の相互連結素子により結合され、 各々の相互連結素子の前記一番目の末端は、相互連結素
    子の二番目の末端から円周方向及び縦方向に分離され、 それにより、前記ステントが拡張した際、前記隣接する
    セグメントの前記対になった支柱は、前記ステント本体
    の周縁上で互いに関して分離され、前記ステントの縦方
    向の屈曲を前記セグメント内で、隣接するセグメント間
    の干渉なしに、吸収する 縦軸を有する管状で可撓性の拡張し得るステント。
  11. 【請求項１１】前記相互連結素子が非可撓性である請求
    項10記載のステント。
  12. 【請求項１２】前記相互連結素子の配向が、前記ステン
    トの長さに沿って隣接するセグメントの隣接する対，共
    通セグメントを有する隣接するセグメントの隣接する対
    の間で反対である請求項10記載のステント。
  13. 【請求項１３】隣接するセグメントの間の前記相互連結
    素子が同一長さである請求項10記載のステント。
  14. 【請求項１４】前記相互連結素子が、前記ステントの縦
    軸に対して斜めの角度で伸びている請求項10記載のステ
    ント。
  15. 【請求項１５】前記ステントが末端セグメント及び中間
    セグメントを含み、且つ前記ステントの前記末端セグメ
    ントが前記ステントの前記中間セグメントより長い支柱
    を含む請求項10記載のステント。
  16. 【請求項１６】前記相互連結素子の前記配向が、前記ス
    テントの長さに沿って隣接するセグメントの隣接する対
    の間で反対である請求項15記載のステント。
  17. 【請求項１７】前記対になった支柱が実質的に平行であ
    る請求項10記載のステント。
  18. 【請求項１８】各々の相互連結素子が、セグメントの対
    になった支柱の一つの末端から、隣接するセグメントの
    対になった支柱の一つの末端に伸びている請求項10記載
    のステント。
  19. 【請求項１９】円筒形セグメントから伸びている隣接す
    る相互連結素子が、六つの支柱に分けられている請求項
    10記載のステント。
  20. 【請求項２０】一つのセグメントの反対側から伸びる相
    互連結素子の間に、少なくとも三つの支柱が存在する請
    求項10記載のステント。
  21. 【請求項２１】ニチノール（Nitinol）から形成された
    請求項10記載のステント。
JP52637796A 1995-03-01 1996-02-28 縦に柔軟な拡張し得る改善ステント Expired - Lifetime JP3505603B2 (ja)

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US39656995A 1995-03-01 1995-03-01
US08/396,569 1995-03-01
US08/511,076 US6818014B2 (en) 1995-03-01 1995-08-03 Longitudinally flexible expandable stent
US08/511,076 1995-08-03
PCT/US1996/002615 WO1996026689A1 (en) 1995-03-01 1996-02-28 Improved longitudinally flexible expandable stent

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JPH11505441A JPH11505441A (ja) 1999-05-21
JP3505603B2 true JP3505603B2 (ja) 2004-03-08

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EP (2) EP1163889B1 (ja)
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AT (2) ATE395014T1 (ja)
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DE (2) DE69622231T2 (ja)
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JP4569262B2 (ja) * 2004-10-28 2010-10-27 ニプロ株式会社 血管追従性および拡張性の優れた柔軟なステント

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EP1163889B1 (en) 2008-05-14
JPH11505441A (ja) 1999-05-21
US6913619B2 (en) 2005-07-05
CA2186029C (en) 2003-04-08
US6348065B1 (en) 2002-02-19
US20010056298A1 (en) 2001-12-27
DE69622231T2 (de) 2002-12-05
ATE395014T1 (de) 2008-05-15
DE69622231D1 (de) 2002-08-14
EP1163889A2 (en) 2001-12-19
ATE220308T1 (de) 2002-07-15
DE69637527D1 (de) 2008-06-26
CA2186029A1 (en) 1996-09-06
ES2176443T3 (es) 2002-12-01
US8348992B2 (en) 2013-01-08
US20020177893A1 (en) 2002-11-28
EP0758216B1 (en) 2002-07-10
EP1163889A3 (en) 2003-05-28
US6962603B1 (en) 2005-11-08
WO1996026689A1 (en) 1996-09-06
EP0758216A1 (en) 1997-02-19

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