JP2005534156A - 優先酸化反応器およびプロセス - Google Patents
優先酸化反応器およびプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- -1 precision drilling Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
- C01B3/58—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
- C01B3/583—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction the reaction being the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
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- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0403—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal
- B01J8/0407—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0492—Feeding reactive fluids
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
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- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0496—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
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- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Abstract
Description
Claims (18)
- 改質物流れの中の一酸化炭素の優先酸化のための装置であって、
改質物流れのための流路を画成する反応器と、
前記流路に沿って配置された少なくとも一つの触媒層と、
前記少なくとも一つの触媒層に酸素供給源から酸素を分配するための分配器と、
を備えており、
分配器は、前記少なくとも一つの触媒層の上流とその内部の一方または両方に配置された導管を備えており、この導管は、前記管状部材の内部から前記少なくとも一つの触媒層へと酸素の流れが透過できる側壁を有することを特徴とする装置。 - 複数の孔が前記側壁を貫通して配置され、それによって、この側壁は酸素の流れが透過できることを特徴とする請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記側壁は、酸素が選択的に透過できる材料を備えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記導管は、入口と、出口と、これらの間に画成された長さとを有し、前記側壁は、出口においてよりは入口において酸素のより大きな透過性を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記酸素の透過性は、前記入口から前記出口へと低下することを特徴とする請求項4記載の装置。
- 前記導管は、前記流路に実質的に平行に配列されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記導管は、前記少なくとも一つの触媒層を通過することを特徴とする請求項6記載の装置。
- 前記導管は、前記流路に実質的に平行に配列された少なくとも二つの導管を備えることを特徴とする請求項6記載の装置。
- 前記装置は、冷却剤を運ぶための少なくとも一つの付加的な導管をさらに備えており、この少なくとも一つの付加的な導管は、触媒層を通過しており、前記流路に実質的に平行に配置されることを特徴とする請求項8記載の装置。
- 前記反応器は、前記流路を画成する内側シェルと、この内側シェルと外側シェルの間に環状冷却剤流路を画成するように内側シェルの周りに配置された外側シェルとを備えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも一つの触媒層は、互いの間に間隙を画成するように互いに間隔を置くとともに前記流路に沿って配置された少なくとも二つの触媒層を備えており、前記装置は、前記間隙の中へ水を注入するように配置された水注入口をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも一つの触媒層は、上流面を画成するように前記流路に沿って配置され、前記少なくとも一つの導管は、この面に実質的に平行な平面内に配列されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも一つの導管は、前記面に実質的に隣接することを特徴とする請求項12記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも一つの触媒層は、互いに間隔を置くとともに前記流路に沿って配置された複数の触媒層を備えており、それによって各触媒層は、上流面を有し、前記少なくとも一つの導管は、前記複数の触媒層の上流面に実質的に隣接して配列された複数の導管を備えることを特徴とする請求項12記載の装置。
- 前記複数の導管の全てに供給するための単一の酸素入口をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項14記載の装置。
- 前記反応器は、反応器の長さを有し、前記少なくとも一つの管状部材は、前記流路への入口から前記長さに沿って、前記長さの約5%と約100%の間の長さだけ、前記流路の入口から離間した位置まで配置されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の装置。
- 燃料電池スタックへの改質物流れの中の一酸化炭素の優先酸化のためのプロセスであって、
一酸化炭素を含有する改質物流れを提供し、
改質物流れのための流路を画成する反応器と、この流路に沿って配置された少なくとも一つの触媒層と、この少なくとも一つの触媒層に酸素供給源から酸素を分配するための分配器とを提供する、
ステップを含み、
分配器は、前記少なくとも一つの触媒層の上流とその内部の一方または両方に配置された導管を備えており、この導管は、導管の内部から前記少なくとも一つの触媒層へと酸素の流れが透過できる側壁を有しており、
このプロセスは、さらに、
前記流路に沿って改質物の流れを供給し、
前記導管を通して酸素を供給する、
ステップを含み、それによって、酸素が一酸化炭素と接触し、一酸化炭素が酸化されることを特徴とするプロセス。 - 前記改質物流れの供給によって、前記少なくとも一つの触媒層に亘って圧力降下が生じ、前記側壁の透過性は、前記導管に沿った酸素の実質的に一様な分配を提供するように導管に沿って低下するように選択されることを特徴とする請求項17記載のプロセス。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/207,704 US7195742B2 (en) | 2002-07-26 | 2002-07-26 | Preferential oxidation reactor and process |
PCT/US2003/018047 WO2004011133A1 (en) | 2002-07-26 | 2003-06-05 | Preferential oxidation reactor and process |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2005534156A true JP2005534156A (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
JP2005534156A5 JP2005534156A5 (ja) | 2006-08-24 |
JP4663321B2 JP4663321B2 (ja) | 2011-04-06 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2004524502A Expired - Lifetime JP4663321B2 (ja) | 2002-07-26 | 2003-06-05 | 優先酸化反応器およびプロセス |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7195742B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4663321B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003281776A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE10392926T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004011133A1 (ja) |
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- 2003-06-05 DE DE10392926T patent/DE10392926T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-06-05 WO PCT/US2003/018047 patent/WO2004011133A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-06-05 AU AU2003281776A patent/AU2003281776A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2009000679A (ja) * | 2007-06-05 | 2009-01-08 | Air Products & Chemicals Inc | 段式膜酸化反応装置システム |
US8262755B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-09-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Staged membrane oxidation reactor system |
US8419827B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2013-04-16 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Staged membrane oxidation reactor system |
US8728202B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2014-05-20 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Staged membrane oxidation reactor system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040018134A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
US7195742B2 (en) | 2007-03-27 |
JP4663321B2 (ja) | 2011-04-06 |
AU2003281776A1 (en) | 2004-02-16 |
DE10392926T5 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
WO2004011133A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
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