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EP0386077B1 - Electrode en matiere plastique - Google Patents

Electrode en matiere plastique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0386077B1
EP0386077B1 EP88909761A EP88909761A EP0386077B1 EP 0386077 B1 EP0386077 B1 EP 0386077B1 EP 88909761 A EP88909761 A EP 88909761A EP 88909761 A EP88909761 A EP 88909761A EP 0386077 B1 EP0386077 B1 EP 0386077B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic
plastic electrode
electrode
electrical lead
resistance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88909761A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0386077A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Hilleberg
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to AT88909761T priority Critical patent/ATE67261T1/de
Publication of EP0386077A1 publication Critical patent/EP0386077A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0386077B1 publication Critical patent/EP0386077B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7007—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents by using electricity, e.g. electro-osmosis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plastic electrode according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Plastic electrodes made of conductive plastic are known in principle (cf. EP-A-0100845).
  • a known plastic electrode consists of a flexible network, which comprises, for example, metallic, network-like threads in the interior, which are supplied with voltage by a power supply line running in the longitudinal direction in the middle of the band-shaped electrode.
  • This metallic basic net can be encased in a plastic immersion bath with a thermoset, which consists of electrically conductive plastic.
  • the filamentary carrier materials can also consist of carbon filaments in the central longitudinal direction of the band-shaped electrode, which, like the metal filaments, are preferably silver-plated.
  • a far more serious problem is the generation of homogeneous electric fields, especially in the case of large-area electrolysis electrodes.
  • Another problem is the transmission of the current to the electrolyte to be processed, which can be present, for example, in a concentrated form in aqueous solution.
  • the present invention takes a completely opposite approach .
  • the at least one electrical line for the plastic electrode is not in direct and direct contact with the plastic electrode, but via interposed resistors.
  • the resistance value should be greater than that of the electrical line, but also the resistance value of the electrically conductive plastic material of the plastic electrode.
  • the higher resistance value of the intermediate resistors thus acts as insulation protection for the electrical lines.
  • the resistance of the electrical plastic electrode acts as a "receiving water" against the electrical supply line and optimally distributes the current over the entire surface.
  • a resistance value is required for the resistance of the electrical plastic electrode, which is preferably about 0.5-1 k ⁇ / m length of the electrical line in order to keep the contact resistance to the masonry and mortar low.
  • the electrical connecting line can be routed in parallel and connecting lines can be provided at regular or irregular intervals between the electrical supply line and the plastic electrode, into which the resistors mentioned are installed, the electrical line is in a preferred embodiment embedded in the plastic electrode.
  • the electrical line with at least a comparatively low resistance value is surrounded by a corresponding sheathed conductor with which it is in electrical contact.
  • the surrounding sheathed conductor has a considerably higher resistance value than the resistance value of the conductive plastic and the electrical conductor itself.
  • sheathed conductor is formed as a resistance connection to the electrical line and the electrical plastic electrode material in discrete sections on the electrical feed line, and that the remaining sheathing areas of the electrical conductor are provided with an insulating layer.
  • the sheathed conductor with a resistance value that is considerably greater than the resistance value of the conductive plastic electrode material ensures that the electrode in the area of the sheathed conductor works only slightly and is active, so that the actual electrical line arranged in the sheathed conductor is not overloaded.
  • an electrical line provided in the central longitudinal region is sufficient for supplying current and voltage
  • different variants can be implemented in which, for example in the case of a band-shaped electrode, the electrical supply line sheathed with a sheathed conductor is arranged on the outside.
  • electrical supply lines designed in a zigzag shape in the electrode or even in a double zigzag shape are also possible.
  • the cross-sectional thickness can be designed differently, in particular without providing a sufficient line cross section in the area of the electrical line.
  • the electrical conductor can also be designed in the form of a band instead of a thread-like cross section.
  • profiling for example in cross-section in the manner of a zigzag arrangement, has proven to be advantageous, as a result of which the overall surface can be enlarged.
  • the plastic electrode according to the invention can be produced particularly easily using extrudable and / or calenderable thermoplastic. With this band-shaped structure, large-area recesses and punched-outs can be made in the plastic electrode in order to improve the immediate electrode area and for better connection and attachment to the masonry.
  • an electrical conductor made of carbon or carbon is preferably used. Because the low resistances, as with metal, cause reactions at the electrode, which lead to rapid passivation. The contact resistance becomes infinitely large, so that the electrode can then no longer work.
  • the sheath conductor basically consists of the same plastic material as the conductive plastic material of the plastic electrode, but with the difference that in Immediate limit range to the voltage and power supply line, the density of the material and / or the proportions of the mixture ratio are changed or additional admixtures are added or omitted in order to significantly increase the resistance value.
  • FIG. It is a band-shaped plastic electrode, for example with a width of 15 to 30 cm.
  • a large number of punched-outs 1 are made in the plastic electrode, which also deviate from the circular passage openings can have any other shape.
  • These punched holes 1 offer advantages especially when using the plastic electrode for drying masonry, since the electrodes can then be held well on the masonry when the plaster is applied. In other applications, such a punching can be dispensed with, so that a full-surface plastic electrode is used.
  • the plastic electrode consists of a suitable conductive plastic material.
  • an electrical line 3 serving for the current and voltage supply is formed separately from the plastic electrode.
  • resistors 5 in connecting lines 6 connect the electrical line 3 to the conductive material of the plastic electrode, which is provided with the reference number 7.
  • a material with a low resistance is generally used for the electric line 3 in order to have only a slight drop in performance here.
  • Non-metallic conductors are preferably used, for example consisting of carbon or coal or from the use of these materials.
  • the possible materials for the electrical plastic electrode 7 generally have a higher resistance value than the electrical line 3.
  • the resistors 5, via which the plastic electrode is electrically connected to the electric line 3, are selected so that their resistance is significantly greater than the resistance value of the electric line 3 and also greater than the resistance value of the plastic material of the plastic electrode 7.
  • the plastic electrode counteracts the resistors 5 and thus with respect to the electrical line 3 as the receiving water, so that over the entire Surface of the plastic electrode 7, the current and voltage can be optimally distributed evenly.
  • the resistance value of the plastic material of the plastic electrode 7 may well have values of preferably 0.5 k ⁇ / m to 1 k ⁇ / m length of the electric line.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show a preferred exemplary embodiment.
  • the electrical line 3 serving for the current and voltage supply is arranged integrated in the plastic electrode 7 in the central longitudinal region thereof.
  • the electric line 3 is surrounded here with a sheathed conductor which corresponds in function to the resistors 5.
  • the electrical line 3 is only connected to the actual material of the plastic electrode 7 via the sheathed conductor representing the resistor 5. Since here too the resistance value of the sheathed conductor 5 is clearly above the resistance value of the plastic electrode 7 or the electric line 3. the preferred and surprising properties of the plastic electrode are achieved. In order to ensure a sufficient cross-section for the electric line 3, this can have not only a thread-like, but also a band-shaped cross-section, as shown in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the plastic electrode 7 can also be profiled. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it is formed in a zigzag cross-section, which increases the surface area by 41% compared to a flat band-shaped electrode with the same external dimensions. This increase in the current transfer area beats is positive when using the electrode. In addition to the punched holes 1, this profiling also improves the adhesiveness of such an electrode, particularly when used for drying masonry, since the mortar 9 can better attack the electrode and maintains the adhesiveness in the long term even when the temperature fluctuates.
  • the corrugation 11 is preferably introduced in the longitudinal direction of the electrode.
  • the plastic electrode in particular in the area of the electric line 3, can also be designed with a thickness that is different from the other thickness.
  • the thickness of the plastic electrode can be 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably 1 mm, for example.
  • the thickness can easily be 2 to 5 times the otherwise customary thickness, for example 3 to 4 mm.
  • the resistance and thus a desired potential profile can also be generated in certain areas.
  • the thickness at the distance from the electrical line 3 could increase slightly.
  • Plastic material which can be extruded and / or calendered is preferably used as the material for the plastic electrode.
  • the electrical line 3 can be processed together with the thermoplastic material to form the plastic electrode in an extrusion process.
  • the desired cross-sectional shape in the plastic electrode can also be produced by calendering.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 show only schematically that several electrical lines 3 with the corresponding sheathed conductors 5 representing the increased resistance value can also be provided.
  • the electrical lines 3 with the surrounding sheathed conductor can also be laid deviating from a straight line.
  • the two power supply lines 3 are arranged lying next to one another in a zigzag shape. In one case or another, this can lead to improved results.
  • the two electrical lines 3 are arranged so as to cross each other. Likewise, further cross-shaped or net-like overlapping electrical lines 3 can be provided in the plastic compound.
  • the multiplicity of electrical lines 3 running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped electrode are formed in the interior of the plastic material, which in this exemplary embodiment are each firmly connected to the electrical line 3 running in the longitudinal direction on the outer edge.
  • an electrical line 3 running in the longitudinal direction as the main line is sufficient.
  • all electric lines 3 are sheathed with the above-mentioned sheath line 5 having the higher resistance value.
  • the sheathed conductors 5 with higher resistance are not shown in FIGS. 5 to 7.
  • metallic conductors are also fundamentally or at least purely theoretically possible for the electrical conductor 3, electrical conductors 3 made of non-metallic materials are preferred in order to avoid passivation effects. For example, leaders are considered which are manufactured using carbon or coal.
  • the resistors or, above all, the sheathed conductor 5 surrounding the actual electric line 3 can likewise consist of materials which have the desired higher resistance value.
  • a material or a group of materials which are formed from a non-metallic or predominantly non-metallic composition is preferred.
  • a plastic material is possible which is identical in principle and in its basic structure to the material of the actual conductive plastic electrode, but in which the density, the thickness and / or the mixing ratio and / or the admixture are changed in such a way that the resistance values compared to the increase the actual plastic material of the plastic electrode 7 significantly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (19)

1. Electrode en matière plastique constituée de matière plastique conductrice avec un conducteur électrique pour l'alimentation en courant et en tension, caractérisée en ce que le conducteur électrique (3), qui présente une plus faible résistance que la matière plastique conductrice de l'électrode en matière plastique (7), est connecté électriquement au matériau de l'électrode en matière plastique (7) avec interposition d'une liaison à résistance (5), tandis que la résistance de la liaison à résistance est supérieure à la résistance du conducteur électrique (3) et également supérieure à la résistance de la matière plastique de l'électrode en matière plastique (7).
2. Electrode en matière plastique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le conducteur électrique (3) est disposé séparément par rapport à l'électrode en matière plastique (7) proprement dite tandis que la liaison à résistance entre le conducteur électrique (3) et la matière plastique de l'électrode en matière plastique (7) est constituée de plusieurs conducteurs de liaison (6) contenant des résistances disposées à une certaine distance, qui partent du conducteur électrique (3) et arrivent au matériau de l'électrode en matière plastique (7).
3. Electrode en matière plastique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un conducteur électrique (3) est intégré à l'électrode en matière plastique (7) et est entouré d'un conducteur-enveloppe constituant la liaison à résistance (5) avec lequel elle est en contact électrique, tandis que le conducteur-enveloppe est entouré, au moins dans une zone partielle de sa périphérie, par la matière plastique de l'électrode en matière plastique (7).
4. Electrode en matière plastique selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que la liaison à résistance entre le conducteur électrique (3) et le matériau des conducteurs-enveloppes constituant l'électrode en matière plastique (7) est disposée comme liaison à résistance (5) sur le conducteur électrique (3) à plat et à des distances discrètes et que le conducteur électrique (3) est isolé dans la zone périphérique restante par rapport à la matière plastique de l'électrode en matière plastique (7).
5. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le conducteur électrique (3) présente une structure en forme de bande.
6. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur du matériau de l'électrode en matière plastique (7) a une section différente par rapport au conducteur électrique (3) et à l'extension longitudinale de l'électrode en matière plastique (7).
7. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur ou la hauteur de l'électrode en matière plastique est plus grande, au moins dans la zone du conducteur électrique (3), que dans les autres zones de l'électrode en matière plastique (7).
8. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'électrode en matière plastique (7) a une épaisseur profilée.
9. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'électrode en matière plastique est pourvue de rainures (11) pour obtenir une augmentation de la surface et donc de la transmission de courant.
10. Electrode en matière plastique selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le rainurage (11) est orienté dans la direction longitudinale de l'électrode.
11. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que l'électrode en matière plastique présente une forme en bande ou en feuille.
12. Electrode en matière plastique selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce qu'un grand nombre de cavités (1) y sont pratiquées.
13. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce qu'un ou plusieurs conducteurs électriques (3) sont prévus dans le matériau de l'électrode en matière plastique, en direction longitudinale, transversale et/ou diagonale ou en forme de croix, de méandres ou d'ondulations,tandis que le conducteur électrique (3) est entouré par une liaison à résistance (5) présentant une résistance supérieure, à la manière d'un conducteur-enveloppe.
14. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que la résistance dont la liaison à résistance (5) est disposée de préférence sous forme d'un conducteur-enveloppe est supérieure ou égale à au moins un kΩ/m de longueur du conducteur électrique et de préférence à 2 kΩ/m.
15. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que la résistance du conducteur électrique (3) est inférieure à 0,3 à 0,5 ohm/m de longueur du conducteur électrique.
16. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisée en ce que la résistance de la matière plastique de l'électrode en matière plastique (7) est approximativement égale à 0,5 à 1 kΩ/m de longueur du conducteur-électrique.
17. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que des fibres de charbon ou de carbone sont prévues comme conducteur électrique à l'intérieur du conducteur-enveloppe constituant la liaison à résistance (5).
18. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisée en ce que la différence des résistances entre la liaison à résistance (conducteur-enveloppe (5)) et la matière plastique conductrice de l'électrode est égale à 0,5 à 1,5 kΩ/m et de préférence à 0,8 à 1,2 kΩ/m et est approximativement égale à 1 kΩ/m de longueur du conducteur électrique.
19. Electrode en matière plastique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisée en ce que le matériau du conducteur-enveloppe pour la liaison à résistance (5) correspond essentiellement à la matière plastique de l'électrode en matière plastique (7) mais en diffère néanmoins par des différences de densité, d'épaisseur, un rapport de mélange différent et/ou des additifs différents, de façon à ce que le conducteur-enveloppe présente une valeur de résistance supérieure à celle de la matière plastique de l'électrode en matière plastique (7).
EP88909761A 1987-10-28 1988-10-28 Electrode en matiere plastique Expired - Lifetime EP0386077B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88909761T ATE67261T1 (de) 1987-10-28 1988-10-28 Kunststoffelektrode.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3736576 1987-10-28
DE19873736576 DE3736576A1 (de) 1987-10-28 1987-10-28 Kunststoffelektrode

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0386077A1 EP0386077A1 (fr) 1990-09-12
EP0386077B1 true EP0386077B1 (fr) 1991-09-11

Family

ID=6339294

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88909761A Expired - Lifetime EP0386077B1 (fr) 1987-10-28 1988-10-28 Electrode en matiere plastique

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0386077B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE67261T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3736576A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989003918A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SG76511A1 (en) * 1997-04-10 2000-11-21 Raswill Representative Pte Ltd A vertical drain
DE102006005529B4 (de) * 2006-02-07 2016-02-11 Röchling Automotive AG & Co. KG Kunststoffbehälter mit wenigstens einer Elektrode aus elektrisch leitfähigem Kunststoff

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3385780A (en) * 1964-07-10 1968-05-28 Exxon Research Engineering Co Porous dual structure electrode
DE2503670C2 (de) * 1975-01-29 1982-06-16 Hans-Werner 8025 Unterhaching Tenge Verfahren zur Beschleunigung oder Unterbindung und Umkehr der natürlichen Bewegung von Flüssigkeiten in Feststoffen mit poröser und/oder semipermeabler Struktur und Elektroden zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
AT375709B (de) * 1982-08-16 1984-09-10 Oppitz Hans Verfahren zur elektroosmotischen trockenlegung von mauerwerk od. dgl.
WO1987000559A1 (fr) * 1985-07-15 1987-01-29 Terry Roy Jackson Structure d'electrodes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3736576C2 (fr) 1989-11-16
EP0386077A1 (fr) 1990-09-12
ATE67261T1 (de) 1991-09-15
DE3864833D1 (de) 1991-10-17
WO1989003918A1 (fr) 1989-05-05
DE3736576A1 (de) 1989-05-11

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