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EP0025114B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour extruder un mélange de copeaux végétaux et d'agglomérants - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour extruder un mélange de copeaux végétaux et d'agglomérants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0025114B1
EP0025114B1 EP80104538A EP80104538A EP0025114B1 EP 0025114 B1 EP0025114 B1 EP 0025114B1 EP 80104538 A EP80104538 A EP 80104538A EP 80104538 A EP80104538 A EP 80104538A EP 0025114 B1 EP0025114 B1 EP 0025114B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extrusion
piston
cross
section
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80104538A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0025114A1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Heggenstaller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
Original Assignee
Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Anton Heggenstaller GmbH filed Critical Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
Priority to AT80104538T priority Critical patent/ATE4103T1/de
Publication of EP0025114A1 publication Critical patent/EP0025114A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0025114B1 publication Critical patent/EP0025114B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/26—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the extrusion of a mixture of small plant parts and binders, which is fed from a feed container through a shaft that can be shut off by means of a slide valve into a filling space of a piston extrusion press and through a molding channel that determines the cross-sectional shape of the strand and through a adjoining heated curing duct provided with evasive wall sections is pressed.
  • a method with these features is known from DE-A-2714256.
  • the aim was to improve the shape accuracy of the strand to be formed, its surface quality and its homogeneous setting to achieve high-quality products.
  • the above-mentioned method according to DE-A-27 14 256 is used, in which wall sections of the hardening channel dodge slightly during the press stroke. In this way, the friction during the strand feed is significantly reduced. In addition, the strand is left in the clamped state during the backward stroke of the plunger, with the result that the binding of the individual chips is not so disturbed by pulsating forces.
  • the structure of the strands produced in this way has an almost uniform orientation of the chips approximately parallel or in a convex stratification to the pressing surface of the extrusion piston. Such strands break under bending stress parallel to this layering of the chips.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for extruding binder-containing small vegetable parts, with which it is possible to orient the chips from the position parallel or convex to the pressing surface in the entire cross-section of the strand to increase the strength to transfer differently oriented layers, if possible into an intensely matted state.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the strength of an extruded article is higher, the less the individual chips remain in the predominantly parallel position to the extruded surface, which is customary in known processes.
  • This task starting from DE-A-27 14 256, was surprisingly achieved in that the closing slide is moved back and forth at least twice, preferably three times, before each press stroke, and in that the batch is then moved over a distance of 400 to 800 mm , preferably 600 mm, is compressed with a constant feed rate of the plunger over a predominant, first area of the press section with matting.
  • Another essential area of application for the strands produced according to the invention is the processing into pallet blocks which meet all the conditions desired by the user, in particular resistance to breakage, impact resistance, shear strength, hardness and toughness of the lateral surface, adhesive properties and nailability of the end face and weather resistance. Since the strands according to the invention have a lower weight than known strands, the technological advantages mentioned also include considerable weight savings and therefore cost reduction.
  • DE-A-2714 256 mentioned at the outset speaks of a relatively long working path of the extrusion piston, the length of which is not defined, however, and is also related to the other task disclosed therein, namely the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of the strand.
  • the invention teaches according to claim 5, the stroke of the plunger to produce a matting in the batch during compression with about 400 to 800 mm, in particular 600 mm, and the feed speed of the piston with 0.02 to 1.5 m / sec dimensioned.
  • the piston is expediently driven in the press stroke at a predominantly constant feed rate, for which hydraulic controls are particularly suitable.
  • it has also proven to be advantageous to change the feed speed in stages by working at a higher feed speed than in the end region at the start of the press stroke. Switching to the slower level can be, for example, 4/5 of the press stroke.
  • a further improvement of the invention is achieved in that the pressing surface of the piston in the central region is set back in relation to the peripheral region and is additionally corrugated, it being advisable to design the pressing surface of the piston to be corrugated along the circumference and to reduce the individual shaft in the direction with a reduced cross-section to run to the center of the press surface.
  • the measure according to the invention not only has the advantage that the pressing layers coming into contact with one another are uneven, i. H. are interlocked. Rather, it could be observed that the profiling of the pressing surface according to the invention favors the flow of the chips during the compression path, in that the chips experience a component that deviates laterally from the original pressing direction. This increases the matting process.
  • the cross-sectional design of the molding and curing channel also has a favorable influence, it being assumed from the prior art according to DE-A-2714256 that a cooled molding channel and then a heated curing channel are provided after an extrusion filling chamber.
  • the invention teaches that the outlet cross section of the molded channel is larger than its inlet cross section, but smaller than the inlet cross section of the first section of the curing channel, which is spaced a short distance therefrom, and that the curing channel at the end of this first section has an outlet cross section expanded to the finished dimension of the strand .
  • the mixture of small plant parts and binder is brought into a filling space 3 through a feed container 1, the outlet opening of the feed container 1 being closed by a closing slide 2, which can be moved back and forth by means of a lifting device 6 according to FIG. 2 is.
  • a passage opening 5 located in the closing slide 2 coincides during this reciprocating movement to the outlet opening of the feed container 1 and allows the batch to fall into a filling space 3.
  • the closing slide 2 is moved back and forth several times, preferably three times, before each press stroke, which is carried out by a plunger 4, a better and more homogeneous filling of the filling chamber 3 is achieved, and at the same time the venting of the filling chamber 3 is also promoted.
  • the number of slide movements enables the degree of matting of the chips in the pressed strand to be influenced.
  • the stroke of the slide 2 is preferably dimensioned such that the passage opening 5 comes to lie at the end of each stroke outside the cross-sectional area of the filling chamber 3 or the outlet opening of the feed container 1.
  • the piston 4 has a stroke that is significantly increased compared to previously known embodiments, for example in the order of magnitude of 600 mm. It pushes the batch accumulated in the filling chamber 3 into a molding channel 7 which is designed to be cooled in the exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the inlet cross-section 10 of this shaped channel 7 is smaller than its outlet cross-section 1.
  • the length of the molded channel 7 is between 200 and 800 mm, while the increase in the outlet cross section 11 measured in one dimension is approximately between 0.5 and 4 mm compared to the relevant dimension of the inlet cross section 10.
  • a first section 8 of the curing channel adjoins the molding channel 7 with a certain distance, which is represented by the gap 15.
  • the width of this gap can be 3 to 5 mm, for example. Since the first section 8 of the curing channel is heated, this gap 15 requires thermal insulation from the cooled molding channel 7. Section 8 can also be heated through at high frequency.
  • the inlet cross section 12 of the section 8 is in turn larger than the outlet cross section 11 of the molded channel 7. In one example, the magnification measured in one dimension is approximately 0.4 mm compared to the outlet cross section 11.
  • the first section 8 can have a length of approximately 1,500 mm.
  • the outlet cross section 13 of this section 8 has a larger clear width than the inlet cross section 12.
  • the difference between the two cross sections 12, 13, measured in one dimension, can be between 0.4 and 5 mm in the example. Only with this exit cross section 13 is the finished dimension cross section 14 achieved for the strand to be formed.
  • the adjoining second section 9 of the curing channel then has the same size in its cross section as the outlet cross section 13.
  • the second section 9 of the curing channel can have wall sections arranged to be able to escape.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show how the end face 17 of an extrusion piston 4 can expediently be designed.
  • the piston 4 has a central bore. Accordingly, the piston is guided on a stationary rod which passes through the cylinder in a manner not shown. In this way it is also possible to obtain a continuous bore in the strand.
  • the pressing surface 17 of the piston 4 has raised and recessed areas 18 and 19, which in the exemplary embodiment extend radially from the edge of the piston towards the central area.
  • the central region of the piston is designed to be set back from the edge region.
  • the raised areas 18 have the greater width at the edge of the piston and taper towards the central area of the piston. The same is provided for the recessed areas 19. In this way, a toothing of the mass in compression is already compressed induced mass.
  • the chips in a certain flow flow flow experience a movement component directed transversely to the extrusion direction, which promotes the process of entangling the chips with one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Procédé pour extruder un mélange de particules végétales et d'un agent liant, que l'on transporte, par cycle, d'un récipient d'amenée (1) à une chambre de chargement (3), en passant par une cheminée qui peut être fermée au moyen d'un tiroir obturateur (2) et que l'on extrude dans un canal de mise en forme (7) déterminant la forme de la section droite du produit extrudé, ainsi que dans un canal de durcissement (8, 9) s'y raccordant, chauffé et muni de sections de paroi susceptibles de s'écarter, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à faire aller et venir le tiroir obturateur (2) au moins deux fois, de préférence trois fois, avant chaque course d'extrusion, et ensuite à comprimer, avec feutrage, le mélange sur un trajet de 400 à 800 mm, de préférence de 600 mm, à une vitesse d'avance constante du piston d'extrusion (4) sur une première zone prépondérante du trajet d'extrusion.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à comprimer le mélange dans le rapport de 2 : 1 à 4 : 1 et, de préférence, dans le rapport de 3 : 1.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à comprimer le mélange à une vitesse d'avance du piston d'extrusion de 0,02 à 1,5 m à la seconde environ.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou les revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à donner au mélange pendant la course d'extrusion une composante de mouvement s'écartant latéralement de la direction d'extrusion.
5. Dispositif pour exécuter le procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou les revendications suivantes, dans lequel à la chambre de chargement (3) d'une extrudeuse à piston sont raccordés une cheminée d'un récipient d'amenée (1), qui peut être fermée par un tiroir obturateur (2) allant et venant, ainsi qu'un canal de mise en forme (7) rigide, déterminant la forme de la section droite du produit extrudé et, derrière, un canal de durcissement (8, 9) chauffé, ayant des sections de parois susceptibles de s'écarter, caractérisé en ce que le tiroir obturateur (2) est entraîné en aller et retour au moins deux fois et, de préférence, trois fois avant chaque course d'extrusion du piston d'extrusion (4) et en ce qu'il est prévu un piston (4) à course longue, ayant une course de 400 à 800 mm et de préférence de 600 mm, qui présente une vitesse d'avance constante de 0,02 à 1, 5 m à la seconde dans une première zone prépondérante du trajet d'extrusion.
6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse d'avance du piston (4) dans la zone terminale de la course d'extrusion peut être modifiée par paliers.
7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la surface de pression (17) du piston (4) est en retrait dans la zone centrale par rapport à la zone périphérique et est en outre profilée en étant ondulée.
8. Dispositif suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la surface de pression (17) du piston (4) est ondulée le long du pourtour et les ondulations individuelles (18 et 19) s'étendent en diminuant de section droite en direction du milieu de la surface de pression.
9. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la section droite de sortie (11) du canal de mise en forme (7) est plus grande que sa section droite d'entrée (10), mais plus petite que la section droite d'entrée (12), dont elle est séparée par un petit intervalle (15), d'un premier tronçon (8) du canal de durcissement, et en ce que le canal de durcissement présente à l'extrémité de ce premier tronçon (8) une section droite de sortie (13) s'élargissant jusqu'à la dimension finale (14) du produit extrudé.
EP80104538A 1979-08-09 1980-07-31 Procédé et dispositif pour extruder un mélange de copeaux végétaux et d'agglomérants Expired EP0025114B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80104538T ATE4103T1 (de) 1979-08-09 1980-07-31 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum strangpressen eines gemenges aus pflanzlichen kleinteilen und bindemitteln.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2932406 1979-08-09
DE2932406A DE2932406C2 (de) 1979-08-09 1979-08-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Strangpressen eines Gemenges auf pflanzlichen Kleinteilen und Bindemitteln

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0025114A1 EP0025114A1 (fr) 1981-03-18
EP0025114B1 true EP0025114B1 (fr) 1983-07-13

Family

ID=6078094

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80104538A Expired EP0025114B1 (fr) 1979-08-09 1980-07-31 Procédé et dispositif pour extruder un mélange de copeaux végétaux et d'agglomérants

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US4358418A (fr)
EP (1) EP0025114B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE4103T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1158411A (fr)
CS (1) CS239909B2 (fr)
DD (1) DD152512A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE2932406C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK154812C (fr)
ES (2) ES494108A0 (fr)
FI (1) FI70683C (fr)
HU (1) HU184811B (fr)
IL (1) IL60788A (fr)
NO (1) NO157529C (fr)
PL (1) PL130213B1 (fr)
PT (1) PT71674B (fr)
RO (1) RO86675B (fr)
YU (1) YU42677B (fr)

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DE20004452U1 (de) * 2000-03-09 2001-03-08 Anton Heggenstaller AG, 86556 Kühbach Strangpresse für mit Bindemitteln gemischte pflanzliche Kleinteile zur Bildung kompakter Stränge
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DE2527840A1 (de) * 1975-06-23 1976-12-30 Hans Grau Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von rolladenkaesten oder aehnlichen profilteilen
DE7525585U (de) * 1975-08-12 1977-09-08 Heggenstaller, Anton, 8891 Unterbernbach Vorrichtung zum aushaerten stranggepresster koerper
DE2539674C3 (de) * 1975-09-04 1980-10-23 Ligwotock Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Verfahren zum Herstellen von Profilen aus vorzugsweise lignozellulosehaltigen Werkstoffen durch diskontinuierliches Strangpressen oder kontinuierliches Extrudieren
DE2602822A1 (de) * 1976-01-26 1977-09-22 Otto Gottfried Ing Grad Klee Eine presse mit waehlbar veraenderlichem gegendrucke zum fliessenden ausstosse eines werkstoffes, verschiedenen artgewichtes
US4124347A (en) * 1976-07-13 1978-11-07 Miller James F Apparatus for forming synthetic logs
DE7710124U1 (de) * 1977-03-31 1977-08-04 Heggenstaller, Anton, 8891 Unterbernbach Vorrichtung zum strangpressen von stangen, profilen o.dgl. aus mit bindemitteln versehenen pflanzlichen kleinteilen
DE2932406C2 (de) * 1979-08-09 1983-06-23 Anton 8892 Kühbach Heggenstaller Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Strangpressen eines Gemenges auf pflanzlichen Kleinteilen und Bindemitteln

Also Published As

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ES8106666A1 (es) 1981-08-01
NO157529C (no) 1988-04-06
CS239909B2 (en) 1986-01-16
DK154812B (da) 1988-12-27
NO802357L (no) 1981-02-10
YU200980A (en) 1983-12-31
ES494108A0 (es) 1981-08-01
IL60788A (en) 1984-02-29
EP0025114A1 (fr) 1981-03-18
ES8204651A1 (es) 1982-05-01
PL226142A1 (fr) 1981-04-10
NO157529B (no) 1987-12-28
FI802463A (fi) 1981-02-10
ES499703A0 (es) 1982-05-01
US4358418A (en) 1982-11-09
DK154812C (da) 1989-05-29
RO86675B (ro) 1985-05-01
RO86675A (fr) 1985-04-17
FI70683C (fi) 1986-10-06
DE2932406A1 (de) 1981-02-12
HU184811B (en) 1984-10-29
CA1158411A (fr) 1983-12-13
FI70683B (fi) 1986-06-26
PL130213B1 (en) 1984-07-31
DK342680A (da) 1981-02-10
DD152512A5 (de) 1981-12-02
PT71674B (de) 1981-06-29
DE3064128D1 (en) 1983-08-18
DE2932406C2 (de) 1983-06-23
PT71674A (de) 1980-09-01
YU42677B (en) 1988-10-31
ATE4103T1 (de) 1983-07-15

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