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CN1296232C - 乘员保护装置 - Google Patents

乘员保护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1296232C
CN1296232C CNB031372929A CN03137292A CN1296232C CN 1296232 C CN1296232 C CN 1296232C CN B031372929 A CNB031372929 A CN B031372929A CN 03137292 A CN03137292 A CN 03137292A CN 1296232 C CN1296232 C CN 1296232C
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plate
capsule
seat
occupant
cushion
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CN1468760A (zh
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坂井克行
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Takata Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/231—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration
    • B60R21/23184—Tubular air bags connected to the vehicle at their two extremities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/4207—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces
    • B60N2/4214—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal
    • B60N2/4221—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal due to impact coming from the front
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42727—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
    • B60N2/42754—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement of the cushion
    • B60N2/42763—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement of the cushion with anti-submarining systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42772—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash characterised by the triggering system
    • B60N2/4279—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash characterised by the triggering system electric or electronic triggering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/207—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in vehicle seats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/18—Anchoring devices
    • B60R22/195—Anchoring devices with means to tension the belt in an emergency, e.g. means of the through-anchor or splitted reel type
    • B60R22/1951—Anchoring devices with means to tension the belt in an emergency, e.g. means of the through-anchor or splitted reel type characterised by arrangements in vehicle or relative to seat belt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • B60R22/46—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up
    • B60R22/4619—Transmission of tensioning power by cable, e.g. using a clutch on reel side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/235—Inflatable members characterised by their material
    • B60R2021/23504—Inflatable members characterised by their material characterised by material
    • B60R2021/23509—Fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • B60R22/46—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up
    • B60R22/4628—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up characterised by fluid actuators, e.g. pyrotechnic gas generators
    • B60R22/4633—Linear actuators, e.g. comprising a piston moving along reel axis and rotating along its own axis

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

为了防止乘员腰部的向前移动，提供一种乘员保护装置，其中放在座椅坐垫前部的囊在其膨胀展开时可以在局部充分地向上推起座椅坐垫的前部或者充分使这一部分变硬。一个可膨胀展开的管(20)放在坐垫前部的下面。从充气器(34)将气体引入管(20)。板(50)罩在管(20)的上面。当管(20)膨胀展开时，向上推起板(50)。板(50)朝向顶部逐渐变细。

Description

乘员保护装置
技术领域
本发明涉及乘员保护装置，该装置在发生碰撞时保护车辆(如汽车)座椅中的乘员，具体地说，涉及这样的乘员保护装置，当车辆发生前部碰撞时它能够防止乘员身体的向前移动。更具体地说，本发明涉及这样的乘员保护装置，它包括放在座椅坐垫前部的内部或下面的一个囊，和一个放在囊上面的板，当囊膨胀展开时，囊向上推动板。
背景技术
作为在发生碰撞时保护车辆乘员的一个系统，提出了一种装置以防止潜水艇现象，即避免当车辆从其前部发生碰撞时，系着安全带的乘员经腰部安全带滑出，在这个装置中，在车辆碰撞时升高座椅坐垫的前部。
日本专利申请公开No.7-81466披露了一种乘员保护装置，如图3(a)和图3(b)所示，它具有一个放在座椅坐垫前部下面的囊和一个放在囊上面的板，并且当囊膨胀展开时向上推动板。图3(a)和图3(b)示出了该专利申请公开中乘员保护装置的结构。座椅坐垫4的底面5上具有一个凹进处6，这个凹进处从乘员腰部H所处的位置稍微向前偏移，并且气囊组件7安装在凹进处6的内部。凹进处6的上侧用板9覆盖，板在其后部有一铰链8，绕铰链8板可以从前方打开。
安装在凹进处6内的气囊组件7具有呈折叠状态放在其中的气囊7a。
气囊组件7连接着一个设在车体关键点的传感器。当气囊组件7收到来自传感器的信号时，它操作气体发生器以向上膨胀展开气囊7a。
如图3(b)所示，当气囊7a展开并且向上膨胀时，就升起了板9。由于板9利用铰链8固定在其后端处，气囊7a把它提升到一个后端固定、前端打开的倾斜状态。因此，处于倾斜状态的板9进入座椅坐垫4的下部，并且增加了座椅坐垫4的密度从而使得座椅坐垫4变硬，因此限制了乘员腰部H的向前移动。
发明内容
在上面日本专利申请公开No.7-81466中的乘员保护装置中，由于板9由平板构成，当气囊7a膨胀展开并且向上推动板9时，它承受来自座椅坐垫4的非常大的反作用力，并且因此需要采用一个高功率气体发生器以实现高气体压力。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种乘员保护装置，其中即使使用一个低功率气体发生器，囊也能平稳地向上推起板。
本发明的乘员保护装置包括具有座椅坐垫和座椅靠背的座椅，放在座椅坐垫前部的内部或者下面的可膨胀展开囊，在车辆处于紧急状态时给囊充气的气体发生器，和放在囊上侧上面的板，当囊膨胀展开时可以向上推动板，其中板逐渐变细使得在座椅的前/后方向上它的宽度朝向顶部减小。
在具有这种结构的乘员保护装置中，万一发生车辆碰撞等紧急情况，气体发生器工作以膨胀展开囊，板被向上推起，由于座椅坐垫从其下面被压，座椅坐垫的前部被推起或者座椅坐垫与囊接触的部分被压缩且变硬，所以就防止了乘员的潜水艇现象。
在本发明中，由于板朝向顶部逐渐变细，它受到座椅坐垫的反作用力较小。因此，低功率气体发生器就可以平稳地向上推起板。
优选板沿着座椅的前/后方向其纵向横截面大致为梯形、半圆形或半椭圆形。在被向上推起时，具有这种形状的板所受到的来自座椅坐垫的反作力足够小。
由于板的上端没有弄尖，它不会使座椅坐垫破裂，并且这使得碰撞后对车辆座椅的修复变得容易。
附图说明
图1(a)和图1(b)是配备了实施例的乘员保护装置的座椅支架的透视图。
图2(a)和图2(b)是结构视图，示出了示于图1(a)和图1(b)中囊在膨胀展开后的状态。
图3(a)和图3(b)是示出了现有技术的结构视图。
附图标记
10：基底支架
20：可膨胀展开的管
22：囊
24：网状物
34：充气器
36：张紧件
42：金属线
44：腰部安全带固定件
46：座椅安全带
50：板
50a：上表面
50b：倾斜表面
具体实施方式
在下文将参照附图描述一个实施例。图1(a)是配备了根据本发明一个实施例的乘员保护装置的座椅支架的透视图，图1(b)是示于图1(a)中的支架的部分放大视图，图2(a)是透视图，它示出了乘员保护装置的充气器操作后的状态，和图2(b)是示出了图2(a)所示状态的部分放大视图。
构成车辆座椅的支架包括基底支架10和靠背支架14，其中靠背支架14通过支撑轴12和倚躺装置(未示出)可旋转地连接到基底支架10上。头枕16安装在靠背支架14的顶部。
基底支架10包括：左侧支架10a，右侧支架10b，放置在两侧支架10a和10b的前部之间的座椅盘18等等。
在座椅盘18的上侧以及在侧支架10a和10b之间，一个可膨胀展开的管状物20(下文中有时简单地称之为管)在座椅的宽度方向上延伸。
管20包括管状囊22和环绕囊22的管状网状物24。囊22形成为细长的折叠件。网状物24是一针织物，它可在径向自由延伸，但是在长度方向(座椅一侧到另一侧的方向)上几乎不能延伸。
管20的一端连接到侧支架10b上，充气器(气体发生器)34连接到管20的该端部。充气器34支撑在侧支架10b上。
管20的另一端放在非常靠近侧支架10a的地方。张紧件36与管20的另一端相连。
张紧件36由柔性材料制成，它穿过侧支架10a并且伸到其外，再在侧支架10a的外面向后延伸。金属线42的一端连接到张紧件36的后端。金属线42穿过金属线导向件38向上延伸，其中金属线导向件38放在侧支架10a的后部。金属线42的另一端(上端)连接到腰部安全带固定件44。座椅安全带(腰部安全带)46连接着腰部安全带固定件44。
板50罩在管20上。板50在座椅的宽度方向上延伸。
在这个实施例中，板50包括上表面50a和前后倾斜表面50b、50b。沿着座椅的前/后方向其纵向横截面是梯形。板50的下端与座椅盘18的上表面接触。
尽管没有示出，由聚氨脂或类似材料制成的坐垫和靠背垫分别装在基底支架10和靠背支架14上。板50和管20放在坐垫的下面。板50与坐垫的下表面接触，并且从上面轻轻地压着它。
下面描述乘员保护装置的操作。
当探测到在车辆的前部发生碰撞时，如图2(a)和2(b)所示，充气器34开始喷出气体，气体被引入囊22并且管20膨胀展开。于是管20向上推动板50。其结果是向上推起了坐垫的前部或者使其变硬，于是就防止了乘员腰部的向前移动。
在这个实施例中，管20的网状物24由织物构成，它可以自由地增加其直径，但是不能在长度方向上伸展。由于这个原因，随着囊22的膨胀展开网状物24的直径增加，网状物24就缩短了，并且拉动张紧件36，所以也就拉动金属线42，并因此向下拉动腰部安全带固定件44，从而座椅安全带46受到预拉力并且使它与乘员的身体紧紧的接触。
在这个实施例中，由于板50朝向顶部逐渐变细，板50的上表面50a在局部有力地向上推动坐垫前部的下表面，从而坐垫的前部在局部被有力地推起或者在局部非常大程度上地变硬，所以防止了乘员腰部的向前移动。另外，由于板50朝向顶部逐渐变细，与示于图3(a)和图3(b)被向上推的板比，只需要较小的力就可以将它推起，所以可以采用象充气器34那样的低功率充气器。
由于板50的上表面50a是平的，即使它有力地压坐垫的下表面，坐垫也不会破裂，并且在碰撞后修复的时候不需要更换坐垫。因此减少了修复的花费。
另外，在这个实施例中，由于预拉力施加到腰部安全带46上，乘员从腰部到大腿的部分被向下推。因此，乘员夹在腰部安全带46和被推起或变硬的坐垫前部之间，这样得到的协同效果将乘员身体的这部分牢固地保持住。
在这个实施例中，一个公用的充气器34可以同时膨胀展开或驱动管20和预张紧圆柱形机构，所以简化了机构。
上面的实施例是本发明的一个示例。本发明可以包括不同于所示实施例的实施例。例如，尽管在上面的实施例中板50在沿着座椅的前/后方向其纵向横截面是梯形，它也可以是半圆形或半椭圆形，也可以具有其它类似的形状。
尽管在上面的实施例中向下拉动腰部安全带的固定件，也可以向下拉扣环。
如上面所描述的，在本发明的乘员保护装置中，为了防止乘员腰部的向前移动，通过膨胀展开放置在座椅坐垫前部的囊以向上推动板，并且因此向上推动了座椅坐垫的前部或使之变硬，即使使用低功率充气器也可以有力地将座椅坐垫的前部局部地向上推起或者可以使它变得足够硬。
本发明还使得减少碰撞后座椅坐垫的修复费用成为可能。

Claims (2)

1.一种乘员保护装置包括：
座椅，它包括座椅坐垫和椅背；
可膨胀展开的囊，它放置在所述座椅坐垫前部的内部或下面；
气体发生器，万一发生车辆紧急情况时它给所述囊充气；和
板，它放在所述囊的上侧上，当所述的囊膨胀展开时，它被所述囊向上推动，
其特征在于所述的板逐渐变细，使得在所述座椅的前/后方向上它的宽度朝向顶部逐渐减小。
2.根据权利要求1所述的乘员保护装置，其中所述的板沿着所述座椅的前/后方向在纵向横截面上大致为梯形、半圆形或半椭圆形。
CNB031372929A 2002-06-04 2003-06-04 乘员保护装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1296232C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP163190/2002 2002-06-04
JP2002163190A JP3972736B2 (ja) 2002-06-04 2002-06-04 乗員保護装置

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CN1468760A CN1468760A (zh) 2004-01-21
CN1296232C true CN1296232C (zh) 2007-01-24

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EP (1) EP1369315B1 (zh)
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DE (1) DE60300351T2 (zh)

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DE60300351D1 (de) 2005-04-07
US20030222490A1 (en) 2003-12-04
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