CN1224112C - 发光二极管 - Google Patents
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Abstract
在把发光二极管器件(20)装载到玻璃环氧基板(12)上的同时,该发光二极管器件的表面一侧被密封树脂体保护起来构成的发光二极管中,上述发光二极管器件(20)使用用氮化硅类化合物半导体形成的蓝色发光的发光二极管器件,在该发光二极管器件的背面一侧,设置使荧光材料分散到粘接剂中的荧光材料含有层(21)。采用在发光二极管器件(20)的背面一侧使蓝色发光进行波长变换的办法,可以得到高辉度的白色发光。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及波长变换式的发光二极管,特别是涉及把蓝色发光变换成白色的类型的发光二极管。
背景技术
以往,作为该种波长变换式的发光二极管,人们知道例如图22所示的发光二极管(日本专利第2900928号)和图23所示的发光二极管(日本特开平7-99345号)。前者的发光二极管是引线框架式的发光二极管1,其构造是:在引线框架的一方的金属棒2上设置凹部3,把由氮化镓类化合物半导体构成的发光二极管器件装载固定到该凹部3内,同时,分别用键合金属丝6、7把该发光二极管4与上述金属棒2和引线框架的另一方的金属支柱5连接起来,再用炮弹型的透明树脂9把全体密封起来。波长变换用的荧光材料8被分散到上述透明树脂9内,在使发光二极管1发光时,从发生二极管器件4发出来的光照射到荧光物质8上后被波长变换为黄色,与发光二极管器件4本来的蓝色发光进行混色,就可以得到白色发光色。
此外,后者的发光二极管,是把由氮化镓类化合物半导体构成的蓝色发光的发光二极管器件4装载固定带上述金属棒2的凹部3内,同时向该凹部3内填充含有荧光材料的树脂8,使得把该发光二极管器件4的上方覆盖起来。因此,在由这样的结构构成的发光二极管1中,由发光二极管器件4发出来蓝色发光激励荧光材料含有树脂8内的荧光材料,借助于此,使波长变换后的光与发光二极管器件4的本来的蓝色发光进行混色,就可以得到白色发光。
但是,在上述现有的发光二极管1中,在前者的情况下,由于已使荧光材料分散到密封发光二极管器件4的透明树脂9内,故存在着通过透明树脂9的光的透过率下降因而使白色发光的辉度降低的问题,此外,还存在着由于与透明树脂9比起来荧光材料8的比重大因而难于均一地进行分散,不仅在各个发光二极管之间,即便是在一个发光二极管内也会发生色度的非均一的问题。
另一方面,在后者的情况下,由于用含有荧光材料的树脂8把发光二极管器件4的上部附近覆盖了起来,故存在着因来自发光二极管器件4的光透过被荧光材料所妨碍而得不到高辉度的白色发光的问题。
发明内容
于是,本发明的目的是提供可以实现白色发光的辉度的提高,同时可以抑制色度的非均一的发光二极管。
本发明的发光二极管,具备:基材;设置在上述基材上的薄板状电极;经由粘接剂被固定在上述薄板状电极的上面的发光元件;密封上述发光元件的上面侧的树脂密封体,其特征在于:在与上述发光元件的背面相对的上述薄板状电极的上面,设置用来填充含有荧光材料的粘接剂的凹坑,向该凹坑填充上述粘接剂使得能够确保粘接剂的厚度。
倘采用本发明,由于作成为在发光二极管器件的背面一侧设置荧光材料含有层,在发光二极管器件的背面一侧进行来自发光二极管器件的光的波长变换,故没有必要使波长变换用的荧光材料分散到保护发光二极管器件的表面一侧的树脂密封体内。为此,使树脂密封体内的光透过率改善,因而可以提高发光二极管的发光辉度。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:上述发光二极管器件是由氮化镓类化合物半导体或SiC类化合物半导体形成的蓝色发光的发光二极管器件。
倘采用本发明,由于作成为把荧光材料含有层配置在由上述化合物形成的蓝色发光的发光二极管器件的背面一侧,在发光二极管器件的背面一侧进行来自发光二极管器件的光的波长变换,故可以得到发光辉度高的白色发光。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,在把2个以上的发光二极管器件装载到基材上边的同时,该发光二极管器件的表面一侧被密封树脂体保护起来构成的发光二极管中,其特征是:上述2个以上的发光二极管器件之内,至少一个是用氮化镓类化合物半导体或SiC类化合物半导体形成的蓝色发光的发光二极管器件,且在该蓝色发光的发光二极管器件的背面一侧设置有荧光材料含有层。
倘采用本发明,则可以用简易的手段实现包括白色发光在内的多色发光。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:上述荧光材料含有层是使荧光材料分散到粘接剂内的层,借助于该荧光材料含有层的粘接作用把发光二极管器件的背面粘接固定到基材上。
倘采用本发明,采用使荧光材料分散到粘接剂内的办法,在发光二极管器件的粘接工序中,就可以同时进行荧光材料的配置。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:使上述荧光材料含有层的荧光材料与粘接剂分离开来形成,在基材的上表面上层状地形成荧光材料含有树脂层和粘接剂层。
倘采用本发明,从在分离开来的状态下在基材上边层状地形成荧光材料与粘接剂可知,由于可以确保大的荧光材料含有层的厚度,同时易于进行厚度的调整,故具有易于对与蓝色发光之间的混色比率进行调整的优点。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:上述荧光材料含有层用印刷手段在基材的上表面上形成。
倘采用本发明,由于可以进行多重印刷,故在可以确保荧光材料含有层的厚度的同时,还可以对其厚度进行管理。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:上述荧光材料含有层是粘贴到基材的上表面上的荧光材料含有树脂薄片。
倘采用本发明,则采用适宜调整荧光材料含有树脂薄片的厚度的办法,就可以与上述同样,可以确保荧光材料含有层的厚度的同时,可以对其厚度进行管理。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:上述荧光材料是钇化合物。
倘采用本发明,采用把钇化合物用做荧光材料的办法,就可以效果良好地把短波长的可见光变换成长波长的可见光。
本此外,发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:用设置在上述基材的上表面上的围堰把上述荧光材料含有层的周围围起来。
倘采用本发明,采用用围堰把荧光材料含有层的周围围起来的办法,在可以把荧光材料含有层确保为规定的厚度的同时,还可以在发光二极管器件的下表面的整个区域内确保均一的厚度。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:在上述荧光材料含有层的下表面一侧或在基材的上表面上设置反射面。
倘采用本发明,采用在荧光材料含有层的下表面一侧设置铜箔或铝箔等的反射率高的薄膜层的办法,可以效率良好地把用荧光材料进行了波长变换后的黄色发光向上方反射。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:在上述发光二极管器件的周围,设置朝向上方地向外侧倾斜的反射面。
倘采用本发明,由于可以用反射面把由发光二极管器件向四面八方发光的光向上方聚光,故可以进一步提高辉度。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:在上述树脂密封体的上表面一侧形成有凸状的透镜部分。
倘采用本发明,采用在树脂密封体的上表面上形成凸状的透镜的办法,结果就成为使在树脂密封体中直线行进的光在边界面上进行折射以提高向上方方向的聚光。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:把上述树脂密封体的上表面一侧形成为平面状,在该上表面一侧形成荧光材料含有层。
倘采用本发明,则采用在树脂密封体的上表面一侧形成荧光材料含有层的办法,使在上表面一侧的色调整成为可能。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:上述基材是玻璃环氧树脂基板或由液晶聚合物构成的立体成型基板或薄板金属基板中的任何一种基板。
倘采用本发明,则可以把玻璃环氧树脂基板、由液晶聚合物构成的立体成型基板和薄板金属基板选为发光二极管的基材。
此外,本发明的另外的形态的发光二极管,其特征是:把上述发光二极管器件连接到在基材上设置的一对电极上,该电极直接表面装配到母板上边的印制布线上。
倘采用本发明,则作为表面装配式的芯片型发光二极管是最佳的且适合于大量生产的构造。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例1的发光二极管的斜视图。
图2是装配到母板上时的沿图1的A-A线的剖面图。
图3的概念图,示出了在上述发光二极管中,在发光二极管器件的背面一侧进行的波长变换的原理。
图4是把发光二极管器件装载到阴极电极的上边时的发光二极管的斜视图。
图5的斜视图,示出了在本发明的实施例2中设置有围堰的阴极电极的一部分。
图6是实施例2中的发光二极管的剖面图。
图7的发光二极管的斜视图,示出了在密封树脂体上形成了凸状的透镜部分的本发明的实施例3。
图8是装配到母板上时的沿图7的B-B线的剖面图。
图9的发光二极管的剖面图,示出了在发光二极管器件的周围配置有反射框的本发明的实施例4。
图10是在上述实施例4中,由长方体的树脂密封体构成的发光二极管的剖面图。
图11的发光二极管的斜视图,示出了使用立体成型基板的本发明的实施例5。
图12是在上述图11中沿C-C线的剖面图。
图13的发光二极管的剖面图,示出了使用立体成型基板的本发明的实施例6。
图14的发光二极管的剖面图,示出了在密封树脂体的上表面一侧形成了荧光材料含有层的本发明的实施例7。
图15的发光二极管的剖面图,示出了使荧光材料含有层的荧光材料与粘接剂相分离的本发明的实施例8。
图16的发光二极管的斜视图,示出了使用薄板金属基板的本发明的实施例9。
图17是在上述图16中沿D-D线的剖面图。
图18的发光二极管的剖面图,示出了使用薄板金属基板的另外一个实施例。
图19的多色发光二极管的斜视图,示出了本发明的实施例10。
图20的多色发光二极管的斜视图,示出了本发明的实施例11。
图21的多色发光二极管的斜视图,示出了本发明的实施例12。
图22的剖面图,示出了现有的波长变换式发光二极管的一个例子。
图23的剖面图,示出了现有的波长变换式发光二极管的另一个例子。
具体实施方式
为了更详细地说明本发明的发光二极管,根据附图对之进行说明。
图1到图3示出了应用于表面装配式的发光二极管的情况下的实施例。该实施例的表面装配式的发光二极管11,采用在作为基材的矩形形状的玻璃环氧树脂基板(以下,叫做玻璃环氧基板)12上形成一对上表面电极13、14(叫做阳极电极和阴极电极)的图形,把与之一体地形成的下表面电极,用焊锡18固定到母板15上边的印制布线16、17上来实现表面装配。
把发光二极管器件20装载到上述玻璃环氧基板12的上表面中央部分上,并用涂敷在背面一侧的荧光材料含有层21粘接固定到玻璃环氧基板12上。该发光二极管器件20是由氮化镓类化合物半导体构成的蓝色发光器件,如图3所示,由在蓝宝石基板22的上表面上生长有n型半导体23和p型半导体24的构造构成。n型半导体23和p型半导体24具备电极25、26,并采用用键合金属丝27、28连接到设置在上述玻璃环氧基板12上的上表面电极13、14上的办法使之发蓝色光。
另一方面,设置在发光二极管器件20的背面一侧的荧光材料含有层21,如图3所示,使适当量的荧光材料30均一地分散到以粘接剂29为基本材料的材料中。采用使之成为规定的厚度那样地把它印刷涂敷玻璃环氧基板12的上表面上,在其上边载置发光二极管器件20,加热固化粘接剂29的办法,把发光二极管器件20的背面粘接固定到玻璃环氧基板12的上表面上。由于粘接剂29与玻璃环氧基板12之间可以得到强的粘接力,故不会发生荧光材料含有层21剥离之类的事态。另外,也可以形成向树脂材料中混合拌入了荧光材料的荧光材料含有树脂薄片,把该荧光材料含有树脂薄片粘贴到基材的上表面上制作成荧光材料含有层。
上述荧光材料30受来自发光二极管器件20的光能激励,把短波长的可见光变换成长波长的可见光,例如可以使用钇化合物等的荧光物质。
因此,在上述发光二极管器件20中,虽然从n型半导体23和p型半导体24之间的边界面向上方、侧方和下方发蓝色光31,但是,特别是向下方发出的蓝色光31,照射到已经分散到荧光材料含有层21内的荧光材料30上,对荧光材料30进行激励,变换成黄色光32后向四面八方发光。这样一来,该黄色光32与向上述发光二极管器件20的上方和侧方发光的蓝色光31进行混色,结果成为在看发光二极管11时可以得到白色发光。
上述发光二极管器件20的表面一侧,虽然被矩形形状的树脂密封体33保护,上述的蓝色光31和波长变换后的黄色光32在其中直线行进,但是该树脂密封体33的主要成分是环氧系的透明树脂,由于与现有技术不同,荧光材料不分散在其中,故光的透过率良好,从结果上看成为可以实现被混色后的白色发光的辉度提高。此外,在本实施例中,由于荧光材料30已分散到粘接剂29中,故与现有技术那样地荧光材料分散到树脂密封体内不一样,在荧光材料30的分散中不会产生非均一性,结果就成为可以抑制发光时的色度的非均一性。此外,在本实施例中,由于荧光材料含有层21远离树脂密封体33的上表面,而且隐藏在发光二极管器件20的背面一侧,故成为难于受紫外线的影响的构造。另外,采用使二氧化硅等的扩散剂混进树脂密封体33内的办法,还可以得到更为均一的发光。
采用在上述荧光材料含有层21的下表面一侧设置铜箔或铝箔等反射率高的薄膜层,或如图4所示,使一方的上表面电极(阳极电极)13延长形成载置面35,中介着荧光材料含有层21地把发光二极管器件20固定到该载置面35的上边的办法,也可以提高在发光二极管器件20的表面一侧发出来的光的反射效率。
图5和图6示出了本发明的实施例2。在该实施例中,在从上述上表面电极113延长出来的载置面35上,开设比发光二极管器件20的平面形状稍小一点的方孔37,向该方孔37内填充上述荧光材料含有层21,把发光二极管器件20载置固定到其上边,其它的构成与上述实施例1是同样的。在本实施例中,在向该方孔37内填充荧光材料含有层21时,由于方孔37的内周缘起着围堰38的作用,防止荧光材料含有层21的流出,故在可以确保规定的厚度的同时,还可以在发光二极管器件20的下表面的整个面的范围内确保均一的厚度。另外用来确保规定的厚度的围堰38,并不限定于构成上述上表面电极13的一部分的载置面35。
图7和图8示出了本发明的实施例3。在本实施例中,采用把保护发光二极管器件20的表面一侧的树脂密封体36形成为半球状,作为凸状的透镜部分起作用的办法,提高了向上方方向的聚光性。即,采用使在树脂密封体36中直线行进的光在边界面上向上方方向折射,提高聚光性的办法,结果成为可以实现白色发光的辉度的提高。
图9示出了本发明的实施例4。在本实施例中,把圆筒状的反射框40配置在玻璃环氧基板12的上表面中央部分上,把发光二极管器件20载置到其中,同时,与上述实施例3同样,用半球状的树脂密封体36保护该发光二极管器件20的表面一侧。反射框40,形成其内周壁41朝向上方地向外侧倾斜的锥状的反射面,使由发光二极管器件20发出来的光被内周壁反射而向上方方向聚光。发光二极管器件20,中介着使荧光材料30分散到粘接剂29中的荧光材料含有层21地固定到玻璃环氧基板12的上表面上。在设置荧光材料含有层21之际,反射框40的内周壁41的下端周缘成为围堰,防止荧光材料含有层21的流出,因而可以确保规定的层厚。
因此,倘采用该实施例,则分散到荧光材料含有层21中的荧光材料30受在发光二极管器件20的表面一侧发光的光激励,借助于该激励进行了波长变换的光被反射框40的内周壁41反射向上方聚光。如上所述,由于被反射框40聚光后的反射光和从发光二极管器件20直接在树脂密封体36中行进的光,在树脂密封体36的边界面上,都再次被向上方方向聚光,故与上述实施例比,成为可以得到更高辉度的白色发光。另外,如图10所示,也可以在矩形形状的树脂密封体33之内设置与上述同样的反射框40,但是在这种情况下,仅仅可以得到归功于反射框40的聚光效果。
图11和图12示出了本发明的实施例5。本实施例的发光二极管11以用液晶聚合物成型的立体成型基板45为基材,在立体成型基板45的中央部分处形成研钵状的杯筒部分46。在立体成型基板45的上表面上,除去把中央部分的狭缝47夹在中间左右形成阳极和阴极的上表面电极13、14之外,在上述杯筒部分46的内周面上形成与上述上表面电极13、14一体成型的反射面48。该反射面48,在杯筒部分46的底部49中被挖成圆形,可以直接看见立体成型基板45。接着,向该底部49上涂敷与上述同样的荧光材料含有层21,固定粘接载置在其上边的发光二极管器件20。另外,发光二极管器件20的一对电极和上述上表面电极13、14用键合金属丝27、28连接起来。在本实施例中,在设置荧光材料含有层21之际,反射面48的下端周缘也将成为围堰,防止荧光材料含有层21的流出,确保规定的层厚。
此外,上述发光二极管器件20和键合金属丝27、28,包括杯筒部分46在内,用在立体成型基板45的上表面一侧形成的透明的树脂密封体33保护起来。在本实施例中,向立体成型基板45的上表面一侧突出出来的树脂密封体33的厚度受到抑制,发光二极管11整体成为薄型。另外,在立体成型基板45的下表面一侧,形成与上述上表面电极13、14一体成型的下表面电极。
因此,在本实施例中也是,分散到荧光材料含有层21中的荧光材料30,受在发光二极管器件20的表面一侧发光的光激励,借助于该激励进行了波长变换的光被杯筒部分46的反射面48反射,向上方一侧行进,由此提高聚光性,结果成为可以得到高辉度的白色发光。
图13示出了本发明的实施例6。本实施例的发光二极管11,与上述实施例5同样,使用立体成型基板45,但是,密封发光二极管器件20的表面一侧的树脂密封体36被形成为半球状这一点是不一样的。由于采用使树脂密封体36的顶部位于发光二极管器件20的大致正上边的办法,可以提高聚光性,故除去用杯筒部分46的反射面48得到的聚光效果之外,还可以期待由树脂密封体36得到的聚光性,因而可以得到更高的高辉度的白色发光。
图14示出了本发明的实施例7。在本实施例中,在矩形形状的树脂密封体33的上表面一侧形成薄的荧光材料含有层39,使得在上表面上进行的色调整成为可能。荧光材料含有层39,是使上述钇系的荧光材料30或别的荧光材料分散到有机溶媒中的荧光材料含有层,作为涂料,也可以印刷到树脂密封体33的上表面上,或粘贴成型为薄片状的荧光材料。荧光材料含有层39由于可以形成得薄,故借助于此可以把光透过率的降低压低到最小限度。
图15示出了本发明的实施例8。与上述的实施例不同,使粘接剂29与荧光材料30分离开来,把使上述荧光材料30分散到透明的有机溶媒中的荧光材料含有层44印刷涂敷到玻璃环氧基板12的上表面上,借助于重叠印刷等形成了规定的厚度。在使荧光材料含有层44干燥后,向其上边涂敷透明的粘接剂29,作成为2层构造,把发光二极管器件20载置固定到其上边。在本实施例中,向发光二极管器件20的背面一侧发出来的蓝色发光,虽然在通过了粘接剂29之后,照射到分散到荧光材料含有树脂44中的荧光材料30上使荧光材料30激励,波长变换成黄色发光后向四面八方发光,但是,由于可以确保大的荧光材料含有树脂44的厚度的同时,厚度的调整也是容易的,故具有易于调整与蓝色发光之间的混色比率的优点。另外,除去上述荧光材料含有树脂之外,也可以采用粘贴荧光材料含有薄片的办法形成。
图16和图17示出了本发明的实施例9,不使用上述玻璃环氧基板12,而代之以把冲压成型为规定的形状的薄板金属基板50作为基材使用。在该薄板金属基板50的材料中,可以使用热导率好的铜或铁或者磷青铜,用冲压成型法在中央部分处形成研钵状的杯筒部分51。在杯筒部分51的底面52上,与上述实施例1同样,设置向粘接剂29内分散进荧光材料30的荧光材料含有层21,把发光二极管器件20固定到其上边。在本实施例中,由于向薄板金属基板50的上边直接涂敷荧光材料含有层21,故要求粘接剂20具有绝缘性。此外,在本实施例中,为了确保薄板金属基板50的刚性,已向该基板的背面一侧的凹坑内填充上环氧树脂53。在薄板金属基板50的一端一侧,形成有分割狭缝,被分割成左右的薄板金属基板50本身形成一对上表面电极。
因此,采用用键合金属丝27、28把发光二极管器件20的各个电极与薄板金属基板50的左右上表面连接起来的办法,就可以实现对发光二极管器件20的导通。上述杯筒部分51的内周壁成为锥状的反射面55,与密封发光二极管器件20的表面一侧的半球状的树脂密封体36一起提高聚光性。另外,在本实施例中,反射面55的下端周缘也起着确保荧光材料含有层的厚度的围堰的作用。
另外,即便是在使用薄板金属基板50的发光二极管11中,如图18所示,也可以作成为平坦地形成了上表面的矩形形状的树脂密封体33。在这种情况下,分割狭缝54用绝缘带56进行填塞。
图19示出了本发明的实施例10。在适用于多色发光二极管11a的本实施例中,其构成为:在作为基材的矩形形状的玻璃环氧基板12的上表面上,左右排列地形成阴极电极13a、13b和阳极电极14a、14b的图形,并借助于贯通孔19在背面一侧绕进下表面电极。
在上述玻璃环氧基板12的上表面上形成的一对阴极电极13a、13b上边分别装载第1发光二极管器件20a和第2发光二极管器件20b。第1发光二极管器件20a,是上边所说的由氮化镓类化合物半导体构成的蓝色发光器件,用键合金属丝27、28连接到上述阴极电极13a、13b上。
此外,第1发光二极管器件20a还通过在其背面一侧设置的荧光材料含有层21粘接到阴极电极13a的上表面上。该荧光材料含有层21,如上所述,以绝缘性的粘接剂为基本材料向其中均一地分散进适当量的荧光材料。使之成为规定的厚度地把它涂敷到阴极电极13a的上表面上,在其上边载置发光二极管器件20a,并采用加热固化粘接剂的办法,把第1发光二极管器件20a的背面一侧固定到阴极电极13a的上表面上。
另一方面,第2发光二极管器件20b,是以磷化镓铝铟类化合物半导体(GaAlInP)为材料的红色发光二极管器件,通过导电性粘接剂43固定到阴极电极13b的上边,用键合金属丝28与阳极电极14b进行连接。
此外,并排配置在玻璃环氧基板12的上表面上的发光二极管器件20a、20b的表面一侧,用透明的树脂密封体33进行保护。该树脂密封体33是以环氧树脂为主要成分的树脂,剩下上述阴极电极13a、13b和阳极电极14a、14b的各个贯通孔19地在玻璃环氧基板12的上表面一侧形成矩形形状。
因此,在上述实施例的多色发光二极管11a中,当电流在第1发光二极管器件20a中流动时,如图3所示,在n型半导体23和p型半导体24之间的边界面上进行蓝色发光,该蓝色发光向上方、侧方和下方,作为蓝色光31发光。特别是向下方发出的蓝色光31,激励已分散到荧光材料含有层21中的荧光材料30,受到波长变换后向四面八方发出黄色光32。这样一来,该黄色光32与上述第1发光二极管器件20a向上方和侧方发出的蓝色光31进行混色,在观看多色发光二极管11a时被识别为白色发光。第1发光二极管器件20a的表面一侧被矩形形状的树脂密封体32保护起来,上述的蓝色光31和波长变换后的黄色光32虽然在其中直线行进,但是,该树脂密封体33的主要成分是环氧树脂系的透明树脂,由于与现有技术不同,不含荧光材料,故光透过率良好,从结果上看就成为可以实现白色发光的辉度提高。此外,在本实施例中,由于采用仅仅在第1发光二极管器件20a中电流流动的办法就可以得到白色发光,故与象现有技术那样用多个发光二极管器件的混色得到白色发光的情况比,电流消费量可以显著地小。
另一方面,在想得到红色发光的情况下,采用使电流在第2发光二极管器件20b中流动的办法得到,但由于树脂密封体33是透明的,故可以得到高辉度的红色发光而不会降低光的透过率。
图20示出了本发明的实施例11,是用蓝色发光的发光二极管器件取代上述实施例中的红色发光的发光二极管器件20b,并把它载置到阴极电极13b的上边的例子。该蓝色的发光二极管器件20b,与第1发光二极管器件20a同样,是以氮化镓类化合物半导体为材料的器件。因此,通过绝缘性的粘接剂42固定到阴极电极13b的上表面上,阴极电极13b和阳极电极14b分别通过键合金属丝27、28实现导通。另外,其它的构成与上述实施例10是一样的,故省略详细的说明。
在本实施例中,第1发光二极管器件20a与上述实施例同样,可以得到白色发光,而在向第2发光二极管器件20b供给电流时,则可以得到蓝色发光。如上所述,在装载完全相同的形态的发光二极管器件的同时可以容易地得到蓝色和白色这2色的发光。
图21示出了本发明的实施例12。该实施例的多色发光二极管虽然是全彩色的二极管,但与现有技术不同,用4个发光二极管器件可以表现所有的颜色。即,构成为使第1发光二极管器件20a发出白色发光,使第2、第3、第4发光二极管器件20b、20c、20d的组合显示除白色以外的所有的颜色。在横长的玻璃环氧基板12上边排列4排地形成阴极电极13a~13d和阳极电极14a~14d,在阴极电极13a~13d上边按照顺序装载第1~第4发光二极管器件20a~20d。在本实施例中,第1~第4发光二极管器件20a、20b、20c、20d,分别是发白色、绿色、蓝色、红色光的发光二极管器件,第1~第3发光二极管器件20a、20b、20c,不论哪一个都是以氮化镓类化合物半导体作为材料,而第4发光二极管器件20d则以磷化镓铝铟类化合物半导体作为材料。
上述第1发光二极管器件20a,用荧光材料含有层21固定粘接到阴极电极13a的上表面上,第2和第3发光二极管器件20b、20c,用绝缘性的粘接剂42固定粘接到阴极电极13b、13c的上表面上。此外,第4发光二极管器件20d,则用导电性粘接剂43固定粘接到阴极电极13d的上表面上。另外,第1~第3发光二极管器件20a、20b、20c,用键合金属丝27与各个阴极电极13a、13b、13c连接,此外,与阳极电极14a、14b、14c、14d,还包括第4发光二极管器件20d在内,用键合金属丝28进行连接。第1~第4发光二极管器件20a、20b、20c、20d的上方,用一体地成型的矩形形状的树脂密封体33进行保护。
因此,在本实施例中,每一个发光二极管器件20a、20b、20c、20d不用说都可以发单色光,采用对发绿色、黄色、红色光的第2~第4发光二极管器件20b、20c、20d的电流值进行控制的办法,就可以使之发出所有的色的光。此外,白色发光,可以采用使第1发光二极管器件20a进行单色发光的办法得到,不必象现有的全彩色发光二极管那样,进行微妙的电流控制。
另外,上述不论哪一个实施例,如图2所示,虽然所说明的都是可以直接表面装配到母板15上边的印制布线16、17上的芯片式的发光二极管,但是,本发明的发光二极管,对于在现有例中说明的引线框架式的二极管也可以适用。即,采用向可以载置发光二极管器件的金属棒的凹部内涂敷含有荧光材料的粘接剂,把由氮化镓类化合物半导体构成的发光二极管器件粘接固定到其上边的办法,即便是不使荧光材料分散到炮弹型的树脂密封体内,也可以得到高辉度的白色发光。
此外,虽然上述不论哪一个实施例说明的都是用键合金属丝连接发光二极管器件和一对上表面电极的情况,但是本发明的并不限定于此,例如也包括使用焊料凸点的倒扣片装配等的连接方法。
再有,在上述不论哪一个实施例中,虽然说明的都是在发光二极管器件中使用氮化硅类化合物半导体的情况,但在使用用SiC类化合物半导体形成的蓝色发光的发光二极管器件的情况下,也可以采用同样的构成。
工业上利用的可能性
如上所述,本发明的发光二极管,由于可以得到高辉度的白色发光,故作为各种显示装置或光通信的白色光源是有用的。
此外,本发明的发光二极管,作为电流消费量少且易于进行电流控制的多色发光二极管是有用的。
Claims (4)
1.一种发光二极管,具备:基材;设置在上述基材上的薄板状电极;经由粘接剂被固定在上述薄板状电极的上面的发光元件;密封上述发光元件的上面侧的树脂密封体,其特征在于:
在与上述发光元件的背面相对的上述薄板状电极的上面,设置用来填充含有荧光材料的粘接剂的凹坑,向该凹坑填充上述粘接剂使得能够确保粘接剂的厚度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发光二极管,其特征在于:
在上述基材上安装2个或2个以上的发光元件,上述2个或2个以上的发光元件中的至少1个是由氮化镓类化合物半导体或SiC类化合物半导体形成的蓝色发光的发光元件,在与该蓝色发光的发光元件的背面相对的上述薄板状电极的上面,设置用来填充含有荧光材料的粘接剂的凹坑。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的发光二极管,其特征在于:
将上述凹坑的大小形成得比相对的发光元件的背面的大小更小。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的发光二极管,其特征在于:
在填充到上述薄板状电极的凹坑中的上述粘接剂的下面侧设置反射面。
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CN1315057A (zh) | 2001-09-26 |
US6914267B2 (en) | 2005-07-05 |
EP1107321A1 (en) | 2001-06-13 |
WO2000079605A1 (fr) | 2000-12-28 |
KR100425566B1 (ko) | 2004-04-01 |
US20040188700A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
EP1107321A4 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
KR20010072893A (ko) | 2001-07-31 |
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