CN116640189B - 一种病原微生物快速检测试剂盒及其应用 - Google Patents
一种病原微生物快速检测试剂盒及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽和抗该表位的单克隆抗体,所述的单克隆抗体的重链可变区和轻链可变区的序列如SEQ ID NO.1和SEQ ID NO.2所示。本发明还公开了一种检测猫细小病毒抗体的试剂盒,所述试剂盒包括有效量的所述的抗原表位多肽和所述的单克隆抗体以及配套的检测试剂。本发明制备的抗原表位多肽具有良好的免疫原性和特异性;本发明制备的单克隆抗体具有良好的特异性和敏感性;使用本发明的抗原表位多肽和单克隆抗体制备的诊断试剂盒具有良好的特异性、敏感性和准确性,适用于大范围应用。同时,本发明制备的单克隆抗体还适用于制备猫细小病毒的治疗药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于病毒疫病诊断技术领域,具体涉及一种病原微生物快速检测试剂盒及其应用。
背景技术
猫细小病毒病(Felineparvovirus disease,FP)也叫猫泛白细胞减少症,简称猫瘟,是由猫泛白细胞减少症病毒(Felineparvovirus,FPV)引起的病毒性传染病,属细小病毒科。该病具有发病急、死亡率高、幼猫极易感和传播速度快等特点。
猫细小病毒(FPV)主要侵害易感动物的消化系统和免疫系统。在自然状态下除了能感染猫科动物外,还可感染浣熊、水貂和狐狸等多种野生动物,其中以幼龄动物最为易感,感染动物主要表现以高热、呕吐、肠炎和白细胞严重减少为特征的临床症状。同时患病动物的排泄物、呕吐物及眼鼻分泌物中均能检测到大量病毒。FPV被认为是感染范围最宽,致病性最强的一类肉食动物病毒,受到世界范围科学家的广泛关注。
病毒粒子外观与本属其它病毒相同,直径20~24nm,呈二十面体对称。核酸由单股DNA组成。其基因组全长5kb左右,核酸分子量为1.6×106。含有两个开放阅读框(ORF)。第一个ORF编码两个非结构蛋白NS1和NS2,第二个ORF编码两个结构蛋白VP1和VP2。它能利用宿主细胞的RNA聚合酶Ⅱ分别启动结构蛋白(VP1和VP2)和非结构蛋白(NS1和NS2)编码基因的转录。VP1和VP2及NS1和NS2是通过同一条mRNA分别剪接后翻译形成的。VP2是主要的衣壳蛋白,它包括了所有的中和抗原位点,其基因全长1755bp,编码584个氨基酸。
由于FPV的传染性极强,因此感染FPV的患猫需要隔离饲养,并且需要经常对饲养环境进行消毒,以降低环境中的病毒含量。目前对于该病多采用免疫预防,但是免疫幼猫仍会发生该病,因此除了要积极预防外,有必要进行有效的治疗和诊断。因此,有必要开发一种用于FPV抗体诊断的试剂和方法。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的不足,本发明的目的之一,提供一种FPVVP2蛋白的单克隆抗体及其制备方法;本发明的目的之二,提供了一种使用本发明制备的VP2蛋白和单克隆抗体制备猫细小病毒抗体检测试剂盒。
因此,本发明一方面提供了一种猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽,所述的抗原表位多肽位于猫细小病毒VP2蛋白的aa390~aa409位,其氨基酸序列为TTGETPERFTYIAHQDTGRY。
再一方面,本发明还提供了一种抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体,所述的单克隆抗体的重链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,所述的单克隆抗体的轻链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
再一方面,本发明还提供了一种用于检测猫细小病毒抗体的试剂盒,所述试剂盒包括有效量的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽和抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体以及配套的检测试剂。
优选地,本发明所述的试剂盒中猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽使用前与BSA偶联,所述的与BSA偶联的抗原表位多肽的包被量为10μg/ml。
优选地,本发明所述的抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体在使用前用HRP进行标记,所述的HRP标记的单克隆抗体在使用时稀释20000倍。
再一方面,本发明还提供了一种所述的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽在制备猫细小病毒诊断试剂中的应用。
再一方面,本发明还提供了一种所述的抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体在制备猫细小病毒诊断试剂中的应用。
再一方面,本发明还提供了一种所述的抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体在制备猫细小病毒药物中的应用。
本发明制备的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽具有良好的免疫原性和特异性;本发明制备的抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体具有良好的特异性和敏感性;使用本发明的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽和抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体制备的诊断试剂盒具有良好的特异性、敏感性和准确性,适用于大范围应用。
本发明制备的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽适用于制备不同的猫细小病毒的诊断试剂,如胶体金、化学发光检测试剂盒等。本发明制备的抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体,适用于制备不同的猫细小病毒诊断试剂,如胶体金、ELISA、化学发光等检测试剂盒。所述试剂盒包括但不限于猫细小病毒抗体检测试剂盒或猫细小病毒抗原检测试剂盒。
另外,本发明制备的抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体还适用于制备猫细小病毒的治疗药物。
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具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例来进一步说明本发明,但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。除非特别说明,本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
除非特别说明,以下实施例所用试剂和材料均为市购。
实施例1:猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽设计和筛选
选择GenBank:UVI41063.1的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白,通过对该蛋白序列的分析和研究,设计合成了21条抗原表位多肽(表1)。将设计合成的21条抗原表位多肽分别免疫小鼠,采集小鼠血清进行ELISA抗体效价检测,筛选抗体效价最高的抗原表位多肽。经过检测,抗原表位多肽16的抗体效价最高(表2),因此,选择抗原表位多肽16作为后续研究的重点。
ELISA抗体效价检测:使用常规表达外源蛋白的方法制备VP2蛋白(参见CN110078802B实施例中所述)包被酶标板,100ng/孔,0.1ml/孔,4℃包被过夜;洗涤3次后,使用5%的脱脂奶封闭,37℃孵育2h;用PBS将小鼠血清做10倍系列稀释(10~107),再加到包被的酶标板中,0.1ml/孔,37℃孵育1h;洗涤3次后,加入1:5000倍稀释的HRP标记的羊抗鼠IgG二抗,0.1ml/孔,37℃孵育30min;洗涤3次后,加入0.1ml TMB单组分显色液(购自北京索莱宝生物科技有限公司),37℃孵育10min;加入终止液(2M硫酸),测定OD450nm值;当OD450nm值大于0.1时判定为阳性。
表1抗原表位多肽及其检测结果
实施例2:猫细小病毒VP2蛋白单克隆抗体的制备和检测
疫苗制备与动物免疫:将实施例1抗原表位多肽16与等质量的弗氏完全佐剂乳化后,皮下多点注射6~8周龄BALB/c小鼠(100μg/只)。两周后,改用不完全弗氏佐剂乳化,皮下多点免疫(100μg/只),间隔两周后,重复一次,第三次免疫后,测定抗体效价。细胞融合前3天腹腔注射加强免疫一次(100μg/只)。
杂交瘤细胞筛选:三次免疫后分离小鼠脾细胞,与骨髓瘤细胞Sp2/0进行融合,再通过有限稀释法进行克隆化筛选,筛选出抗体效价高、形态良好的细胞株继续采用有限稀释法进行亚克隆,直至获得单克隆细胞,将单克隆细胞扩大培养并保存于液氮中。经过多轮检测和筛选,最终获得1株较好的阳性杂交瘤细胞,将其编为杂交瘤细胞4B8。
腹水制备:取6-8周龄BALB/c小鼠腹腔注射1ml灭菌的液体石蜡,每只0.5ml,7日后每只小鼠分别注射杂交瘤细胞(3、8、11、18)1×106个,7日后,抽取小鼠腹水,在2~8℃下,以1000rpm离心10分钟,收集上清液,将腹水分装5ml/管,-20℃保存备用。
抗体纯化:采用常规的辛酸-硫酸铵沉淀法对制备的腹水抗体进行纯化。取纯化后的腹水抗体20μl,使用SDS-PAGE进行纯度检验,结果显示,单克隆抗体的SDS-PAGE纯度大于95%;使用BCA试剂盒对纯化后的抗体进行蛋白浓度检测,蛋白浓度为1.25mg/ml。
单克隆抗体序列测定:对制备的单克隆抗体进行重链可变区和轻链可变区的分析和测定。经过检测和分析,单克隆抗体的重链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,轻链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
重链可变区序列(SEQ ID NO.1):
VSERFESGGDLVKPGGFRVGSCAASGFFRSYGLSFRTGDKFRCDATISGFRVD
FTYYPDSFRVGFTISRDNFRVGYLQMSGTFDTAMYFRVGARHRGTNYFRVCY WDEGQGFRVGTVSS。
轻链可变区序列(SEQ ID NO.2):
DIVAAPTVPLSLPVLGDQASISCSERTSIVHSTGFRCDEWYLQKFRDEPKLFRD
EVSNRFSGVPFSGSGDERFFTLKISRVEAFRDEGLYYCFPTVVPLTFGAGRTKL EL KRADAEAPTV。
HRP标记效价测定:使用HRP偶联试剂盒(ab102890)对单克隆抗体进行标记,并使用直接ELISA方法(包被猫细小病毒VP2蛋白,其包被量为1μg/ml)测定单克隆抗体标记效价(OD值≥1.0时判阳性),结果为1:20000。说明单克隆抗体的标记效价较好,可用于后续试剂开发。
实施例2:猫细小病毒抗体检测试剂盒的制备
酶标板制备:采用本研究实施例1筛选的抗原表位多肽16包被酶标板,因抗原表位多肽是半抗原,在包被之前,将其与BSA偶联(使用常规的戊二醛法)得到抗原,将抗原以10μg/ml的剂量(0.1ml/孔)包被在酶标板上,4℃包被过夜;洗涤后,加封闭液(含2%BSA的PBST缓冲液)0.2ml/孔,4℃封闭过夜,洗涤后拍干,置于-20℃保存备用。
酶标抗体制备:将实施例制备的HRP标记的单克隆抗体,用封闭液(含2%BSA的PBST缓冲液)稀释20000倍,于4℃保存备用。
试剂盒检测:1)将血清样品1:1稀释(稀释液为PBST缓冲液)后加入酶标板中,0.1ml/孔,并加入阳性对照(实施例1制备的单克隆抗体,浓度为1μg/ml)和阴性对照(封闭液)各0.1ml,37℃孵育60分钟;2)洗涤后加入酶标抗体,0.1ml/孔,37℃孵育30分钟;3)洗涤后加入TMB显影液(购自北京索莱宝生物科技有限公司或其他公司),0.1ml/孔,37℃孵育10分钟;4)加入终止液(2MH2SO4),0.1ml/孔,混匀后立即将包被板置于酶标仪中,在波长为450nm下读取OD450nm值;根据OD450nm值计算S/N值(样品OD450nm值/阴性对照OD450nm值);5)当阴性对照孔每孔OD450nm读数大于1.0且各孔间最大差值应<0.3,阳性对照孔每孔OD450nm读数应<0.3时,试验成立;6)当S/N值大于0.5时判为阴性,当S/N值小于等于0.5时判为阳性。
实施例3:猫细小病毒抗体检测试剂盒的应用
按照实施例2制备了一批试剂盒,使用该试剂盒进行性能验证。
3.1敏感性验证:试剂盒对制备的阳性对照进行梯度检测,最低检测梯度能达到1600倍,说明该试剂盒的敏感性很好。具体数据见表2。
表2敏感性检测结果(S/N值)
3.2特异性验证:试剂盒对2份猫源特异性质控血清进行检测,结果均为阴性,说明本试剂盒的特异性很好。具体数据见表3。
表3特异性检测结果
3.3重复性验证:试剂盒对一份阳性血清和一份阴性血清的批内的变异系数均小于10%,说明本试剂盒的重复性很好。具体见表4。
表4重复性检测结果(批内)
为了检测批间差异,按照实施例1再制备了2批试剂盒,使用3批试剂盒对阴阳性样品进行检测,计算批件变异系数,结果(表5)均小于10%。
表5重复性检测结果(批间)
实施例4:猫细小病毒单克隆抗体在猫细小病毒病治疗中的应用
将实施例1制备的单克隆抗体对猫细小病毒病进行治疗研究(参见CN 112553168B实施例3)。采用皮下注射的方法,每公斤体重注射0.1mL单克隆抗体治疗剂(含1mg/ml单克隆抗体),每天一次,并辅以对症治疗,每天采用猫细小病毒检测试纸条(购自北京世纪元亨动物防疫技术有限公司)进行检测,计算有效率、治愈率。结果可见,单克隆抗体治疗剂的治愈率能达100%、治疗周期约4天。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽,其特征在于,所述的抗原表位多肽位于猫细小病毒VP2蛋白的aa390~aa409位,其氨基酸序列为TTGETPERFTYIAHQDTGRY。
2.一种抗权利要求1所述的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体,其特征在于,所述的单克隆抗体的重链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,所述的单克隆抗体的轻链可变区序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
3.一种用于检测猫细小病毒抗体的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂盒包括有效量的权利要求1所述的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽和权利要求2所述抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体以及配套的检测试剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂盒中猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽使用前与BSA偶联,所述的与BSA偶联的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的包被量为10μg/ml。
5.根据权利要求3所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述的抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体在使用前用HRP进行标记,所述的HRP标记的单克隆抗体在使用时稀释20000倍。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽在制备猫细小病毒诊断试剂中的应用。
7.一种如权利要求2所述的抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体在制备猫细小病毒诊断试剂中的应用。
8.一种如权利要求2所述的抗猫细小病毒VP2蛋白抗原表位多肽的单克隆抗体在制备猫细小病毒药物中的应用。
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