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CN1129144A - 空气中的油雾的分离装置 - Google Patents

空气中的油雾的分离装置 Download PDF

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CN1129144A
CN1129144A CN95116603A CN95116603A CN1129144A CN 1129144 A CN1129144 A CN 1129144A CN 95116603 A CN95116603 A CN 95116603A CN 95116603 A CN95116603 A CN 95116603A CN 1129144 A CN1129144 A CN 1129144A
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air
oil
flange
separating
separating element
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G·佐斯查斯
L·凯勒
M·沃尔夫
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Mann and Hummel GmbH
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Filterwerk Mann and Hummel GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/003—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions including coalescing means for the separation of liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M2013/0038—Layout of crankcase breathing systems
    • F01M2013/005—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers
    • F01M2013/0061—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers having a plurality of deoilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M2013/0038—Layout of crankcase breathing systems
    • F01M2013/005—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers
    • F01M2013/0061—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers having a plurality of deoilers
    • F01M2013/0072—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers having a plurality of deoilers in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device
    • F01M2013/0427—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device the centrifuge device having no rotating part, e.g. cyclone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0438—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with a filter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/25—Agglomerators

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于从空气中分离油悬浮粒的装置。该装置由一个分离元件构成，该分离元件为一环形聚结剂元件结构，该环形聚结剂元件以已知的方式把油或油雾聚结成较大的、由于重力在分离元件中顺流向下沉降的油滴，其中，分离元件设在外壳内，该外壳固定在一个法兰件上，其中，法兰件是一个适配元件，空气的进气口和排气口的连接管道和/或其它法兰件可与该适配元件相接。

Description

空气中的油雾的分离装置
本发明涉及一种空气中的油雾的分离装置。
德国公开说明书DE-OS3311682公开了一种用于可由一个压缩机增压的压缩空气设备的、特别是车用气动刹车设备的空气干燥装置。该空气干燥装置使用一种干燥剂，这种干燥剂的吸收能力有限并须根据待干燥空气中的液体含量情况进行相应的频繁更换。
德国实用新型DE-GM8501736也公开了一种空气脱油器。该空气脱油器为一可换过滤器结构。这就是说，聚结剂设在一个可更换元件中。该可更换元件可固定在一个有一个中心紧固螺纹的分离头上。该公开的油分离器的缺点在于，只按一定的空气流量来设计油分离器。为了获得最佳的运行条件，要求尽可能精确地保持设计规定的空气流量。只有通过改变可更换元件的长度才能与其它运行条件相匹配，但只在有限的范围内才能做到这一点。由于存在可更换元件与分离头的匹配问题，改变可更换元件的直径是不可能的。
因此，本发明的任务在于提供一种空气中的油雾分离装置，该装置为组合式结构并且可以简单的方式适应任何一种运行条件。
解决以上任务的技术方案在于，该装置由一个分离元件构成，该分离元件为一环形聚结剂元件，该环形聚结剂元件以已知的方式把油或油雾聚结成较大的油滴，这些油滴由于重力而在分离元件中顺流向下沉降，其中分离元件设在外壳内，该外壳固定在一个法兰件上，其中，法兰件是一个适配元件，空气的进气口和排气口的连接管道和/或其它法兰件可与该适配元件相接。
本发明的主要优点在于，法兰件为一适配元件结构。据此，有可能并列设置多个分离元件，从而可使空气脱油装置最佳地适应各种具体存在的运行条件。恰恰是在从空气中分离油时，保持最佳的运行条件特别重要，即通过油分离器或通过分离用纤维网的空气的通过速度是空气脱油元件的设计计算和规格确定的关键标准。
如果空气的通过速度过高，则存在空气带走油和空气脱油不充分的危险。如果空气的通过速度过低，则被分离出的小油滴不能充分聚结为大油滴并流出。这清楚地说明即在出现只有很小空气流量的运行条件下，例如不可能设置一个相当大的分离元件并且按最大空气流量设计该分离元件。
该举例表明，基于组合式结构，本发明不仅具有巨大的节约潜力，而且还大大改善了空气净化即空气脱油的质量。在本发明的一种实施形式中设置带有最低压力阀的排气接头。因此可有效地防止空气回流并在达到最低压力时才能向压缩空气网输出空气。
按照本发明的另一优选的实施形式，设有带有一个适宜的螺纹连接法兰的分离元件并通过该法兰固定分离元件。做为替代措施，也可通过一个压力弹簧和适宜的密封装置使分离元件与法兰部分连接。
按照本发明的一个改进结构，聚结剂元件通过一个平紧器与壳体相连。只要壳体一被拆离，聚结剂元件也随之松脱并可与壳体一起被拉出。夹紧器譬如可以卡紧或钩紧的方式把聚结剂元件可拆卸地固定在外壳上。
按照本发明的另一实施形式，聚结剂元件可悬挂设置或立式设置，就是说，在立式设置时，被分离出的油聚集在一个环形通道内并由此流走。而在悬挂设置的情况下，则用一根吸管伸入聚结剂元件内，把聚集在聚结剂元件底部的油吸出。
下面借助一个实施例详细说明本发明，附图所示为：
图1两个空气脱油元件的整体式并联图，
图2空气脱油元件的组合式并联图，
图3图2所示的组合式空气脱油元件的俯视图。
图1示出了两个固定在一个法兰件10上的空气脱油元件11、12。空气脱油元件分别由一个油分离器13、一个外壳14和法兰环15组成。法兰环15、外壳14和油分离器13分别构成一个设在法兰件10上的、可拆卸的整体。在更换油分离器13时，把相应的法兰环15松开并取出外壳14即可。由于油分离器13同样通过法兰环15固定，所以在此种结构中只需少数几个构件。即仅仅为了在外壳14和法兰环15以及油分离器法兰16之间进行密封而设置了适当的密封垫17、18。
待脱油的空气经进气口19和分配通道20流入两个油分离器13的外腔21中。这些空气然后分别流经油分离器13的聚结剂元件22并经过内腔23分别离开油分离器13。经过脱油的空气通过法兰件10上的排气通道24和排气口25被输送到图中未示出的消耗器。
使用图1所示的装置时，存在使两个油分离器并列运行的可能性。前面已对此有所说明。还可通过在法兰件10内装一个适当的换向阀只使两个油分离器中的一个油分离器运行或者使两个油分离器交替运行。这样，该装置便可适应各种不同的运行条件。
图2表示可派生出更多形式的装置。该装置可适应几乎每一种可想象得出的运行条件，其原因是，法兰件26具有适当的结构，通过它与并联的其它法兰件的简单联结即可组成任意数目的空气脱油元件27、28。
图3示出了各个法兰件26的连接方式。每个法兰件都有两个进气口29、30。其中，进气口29为待净化的空气而设，进气口30为已在一个并联的空气脱油元件中经过净化的空气而设。此外，每个法兰件26还有两个排气口31、32。排气口32用于把经过进气口29送入的有油的空气平行输往下一个图中未示出的空气脱油元件，排气口31用于把经过净化的空气输往消耗器。只要不再设其它并联的空气脱油元件，则用一个封闭元件33把排气口32封闭起来，如在排气口32处所示的那样。
如图3所示，在排气通道34内还设置一个最低压力阀35，用以防止经过脱油的空气回流。
图2所示的空气脱油元件27和28具有不同的结构。在空气脱油元件27中，聚结剂元件36通过一个法兰37固定在法兰件26上，而空气脱油元件28中的聚结剂元件38仅套装在法兰件26的一个径向密封套39上。通过一个张紧在外壳41和聚结剂元件38的端盖42之间的压力弹簧40把聚结剂元件固定在图示的位置上。也可用其它任何一种压紧装置替代压力弹簧40。图2右侧所示的空气脱油元件的优点在于，在更换聚结剂元件3 8时只须取下外壳41，并不需要拧开其它的连接螺钉。通过连接螺钉43、44使两个法兰件26连在一起。
图1和2所示的实施形式原则上可为立式或悬挂式结构。
在立式结构中，被分离的油经过一条环形通道48被输往一条永久性排油管道。在悬挂式结构中，油聚集在聚结剂元件36、38的油杯内并通过一条伸入聚结剂元件内的中央排油管道排出。
所用的聚结剂元件36、38完全可重复使用，即通过适宜的措施拆掉并根据情况重新使用端盖42、45及金属制中央管道46。譬如可通过加热去除聚结剂元件的纤维网上的滤渣。

Claims (7)

1.空气中的油雾分离装置由一个分离元件(11)构成，该分离元件为一环形聚结剂元件(22)，该环形聚结剂元件以已知的方式把油或油雾聚结成较大的油滴，这些油滴由于重力而在分离元件(11)中顺流向下沉降，其中，分离元件(11)设在外壳(14)内，该外壳(14)固定在一个法兰件(10)上，其特征在于，法兰件(10)是一个适配元件，空气的进气口(19)和排气口(25)的连接管道和/或其它法兰件(26)可与该适配元件相接。
2.按照权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，可并联多个分离元件(11、12)。
3.按照以上权利要求之一所述的装置，其特征在于，在排气通道(34)内设有一个用以防止空气回流的最低压力阀(35)。
4.按照以上权利要求之一所述的装置，其特征在于，分离元件(36)通过一个螺纹连接的法兰(37)固定在法兰件(26)上。
5.按照以上权利要求1至3之一所述的装置，其特征在于，分离元件(38)或法兰件(39)在进气范围和排气范围之间设有径向密封或轴向密封，并通过外壳(41)固定。
6.按照权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，外壳(41)和聚结剂元件(38)与一个夹紧器(47)相连。
7.按照以上权利要求之一所述的装置，其特征在于，聚结剂元件固定在法兰件的上方或下方。
CN95116603A 1994-08-23 1995-08-23 空气中的油雾的分离装置 Pending CN1129144A (zh)

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DE4429822A DE4429822C2 (de) 1994-08-23 1994-08-23 Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von Ölaerosol aus Luft
DEP4429822.6 1994-08-23

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EP (1) EP0698409B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH0857234A (zh)
KR (1) KR960006978A (zh)
CN (1) CN1129144A (zh)
AT (1) ATE174809T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR9503202A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ289333B6 (zh)
DE (2) DE4429822C2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2128615T3 (zh)
FI (1) FI953880L (zh)
HU (1) HUT72524A (zh)
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CN100391575C (zh) * 2003-05-23 2008-06-04 古田电机株式会社 油雾清除装置
CN108105098A (zh) * 2016-11-25 2018-06-01 曼胡默尔滤清器（上海）有限公司 一种用于分离油气混合物的高效罐式分离装置
CN112546741A (zh) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-26 宿州市耶伊勒精密机械有限公司 一种油雾过滤机
CN113891756A (zh) * 2019-05-10 2022-01-04 米克鲁尔机械工贸股份公司 在需要油分离和过滤的系统中的空气-油分离器和滤油器的组合使用

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EP0698409A1 (de) 1996-02-28
FI953880L (fi) 1996-02-24
BR9503202A (pt) 1996-05-28
ATE174809T1 (de) 1999-01-15
MA23565A1 (fr) 1995-12-31
CZ289333B6 (cs) 2002-01-16
CZ212095A3 (en) 1996-06-12
DE4429822C2 (de) 1998-02-19
JPH0857234A (ja) 1996-03-05
PL310106A1 (en) 1996-03-04
EP0698409B1 (de) 1998-12-23
HU9501797D0 (en) 1995-08-28
KR960006978A (ko) 1996-03-22
TW324973U (en) 1998-01-11
ES2128615T3 (es) 1999-05-16
DE59504616D1 (de) 1999-02-04
US5660607A (en) 1997-08-26
DE4429822A1 (de) 1996-02-29
FI953880A0 (fi) 1995-08-17

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