CN106405096A - 核仁素在制备胃癌诊断试剂和治疗药物中的应用 - Google Patents
核仁素在制备胃癌诊断试剂和治疗药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术领域,涉及一种多功能的非核糖体蛋白质核仁素及用途,具体涉及应用核仁素作为人胃癌分子标志物及其在制备检测或诊断人胃癌的制剂或试剂盒以及治疗药物中的用途。本发明对胃癌患者及正常对照的血浆样本进行核仁素的ELISA检测,结果显示,胃癌病人血浆中核仁素水平显著高于正常对照,表明所述的核仁素在胃癌中高表达并分泌到血液中,因此,核仁素可作为胃癌诊断的无创标志物。进一步,提供核仁素在制备胃癌诊断试剂及试剂盒中的用途,以及以核仁素为靶标的治疗胃癌的药物。本发明为胃癌的早期诊断和预警提供新的辅助判断手段。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,涉及一种多功能的非核糖体蛋白质核仁素及用途,具体涉及应用核仁素作为人胃癌分子标志物及其在制备检测或诊断人胃癌的制剂或试剂盒以及治疗药物中的用途。
背景技术
现有技术公开了胃癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,每年新发的胃癌约100万,死亡率在全球仅次于肺癌,高居癌症病死率的第二位。在我国每年死于胃癌的患者居消化道肿瘤死亡原因的首位。研究显示,胃癌的预后与疾病的分期密切相关,早期诊断以及早期治疗能够显著改善预后,延长生存期。目前临床实践中,较通行、常规的检查为血清血液检查,血清CEA、CA19-9、CA50、CA125等肿瘤相关抗原在胃癌患者中可升高,但其敏感性和特异性均不高。同时大部分胃癌患者早期可无明显的临床症状,这些都对胃癌的早期诊断造成了一定的困难;因此,寻找胃癌的有效标志物,准确判断该疾患的的临床分期和预后成为本领域研究者的关注热点。
核仁素是一种多功能的非核糖体蛋白质,其主要分布在细胞核内,也有少量分布在核浆、细胞质和细胞膜上。它参与多个方面的DNA代谢,也广泛地参与RNA的调控过程,如转录、核糖体装配、mRNA的翻译及其稳定性的保持和microRNA的加工等。核仁素通过调控转录后靶mRNAs,促进细胞增殖和抗细胞凋亡,从而在细胞层面影响疾病的进展。特别是在肿瘤和病毒感染中,核仁素通过调控RNA的功能,密切地参与疾病的病理进展过程。
有研究报道,在细胞质中,核仁素与Bcl-2 mRNA、AKT1 mRNA、CCNI mRNA结合,增强其稳定性,从而增加Bcl-2、AKT1和cyclin I的表达量,起到抗凋亡和促进肿瘤发生的作用;其可以与TP53 mRNA的非编码区5’端结合,抑制其翻译,从而减少肿瘤抑制因子P53的表达。
有研究公开了胃泌素,作为一种在胃肠道恶性肿瘤中高表达的蛋白,也受到核仁素的调控,核仁素通过与胃泌素mRNA结合,增强其稳定性,增加胃泌素的表达量,研究显示,在癌细胞中,胃泌素能上调COX-2的表达量,增加前列腺素E2的表达量,促进癌细胞的增殖;核仁素还能与MMP9 mRNA非编码区3’端结合,增强其稳定性,增加其翻译为基质金属蛋白酶的功能;基质金属蛋白酶能够降解细胞外基质成分,其在伤口的愈合与血管的生存过程中必不可少,在肿瘤的转移和进展的病理生理过程中起到极为重要的作用;另外,核仁素还能通过调控促肿瘤生成的miRNA起到促肿瘤发生的作用,如miR-15a和miR-16等。
还有研究发现恶性肿瘤组织细胞膜表面存在核仁素的高表达,通过介导钙调节通路,脂多糖表达,P选择素诱导通路等调节肿瘤细胞的转移和进展;细胞膜表面的核仁素可以作为致癌物Tipa的受体,与之结合后将致癌物质转运至细胞内起到致癌作用。
基于现有技术的研究现状,本发明的申请人拟通过研究、检测在胃癌患者体内核仁素可能存在表达的异常为胃癌的早期诊断和预警提供新辅助判断手段,尤其提供核仁素在制备胃癌诊断试剂及试剂盒和治疗药物中的用途。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术中缺乏有效的胃癌诊断血清学指标的现状,提供核仁素在制备胃癌诊断试剂及试剂盒和治疗药物中的用途。尤其是以核仁素为靶标的胃癌诊断试剂及试剂盒和治疗药物。
本发明通过检测在胃癌患者体内核仁素存在表达的异常,核仁素作为胃癌诊断的血清学标志物指标,为胃癌的早期诊断和预警提供新的辅助判断手段。
进一步,提供核仁素在制备胃癌诊断试剂及试剂盒中的用途。
更进一步,提供以核仁素为靶标的治疗胃癌的药物。
为实现上述目的,本发明对胃癌患者及正常对照的血浆样本进行核仁素的ELISA检测:其中包括:
1,试剂:ELISA试剂盒购于Uscn Life Science公司;
2,病人及样本:
1)随机选取确诊为胃癌的患者的术前血标本,以健康体检患者血作为对照;
2)采用双抗体ELISA法定量测定人血浆中核仁素含量,根据试剂盒说明书进行相应操作:
3)各标准品及样本O.D.值扣除空白孔O.D.值后作图(七点图),以标准品的浓度为纵坐标(或对数坐标),O.D.值为横坐标(或对数坐标),绘制标准曲线,本发明的实施例中优选按回归方程计算的R2值,以R2值越趋近于1为佳,根据样品O.D.值,由标准曲线查出相应的浓度,乘以稀释倍数;或用标准物的浓度与O.D.值计算出标准曲线的回归方程式,将样品的O.D.值代入方程式,计算出样品浓度,再乘以稀释倍数,得样品的实际浓度。
实验结果显示:胃癌病人血浆中核仁素水平显著高于正常对照,P=0.003(如图1所示,n=28);表明所述的核仁素在胃癌中高表达并分泌到血液中,因此,核仁素可作为胃癌诊断的无创标志物。
本发明通过检测在胃癌患者体内核仁素存在表达的异常,表明所述的核仁素可作为胃癌诊断的血清学标志物指标,为胃癌的早期诊断和预警提供新的辅助判断手段。
本发明所述的核仁素可用于制备早期诊断和预警胃癌的试剂及试剂盒。
本发明所述的试剂盒中包括针对核仁素蛋白的抗体;所述的检测试剂盒含有核仁素标准品。
进一步,本发明所述的核仁素还可用于制备治疗胃癌的药物的靶标。
另一方面,本发明还提供了一种胃癌标志物核仁素的检测方法,其包括步骤:
(1)分离提取样本中的基因组DNA或者蛋白;
和/或
(2)检测(1)所得的基因组DNA或者蛋白中核仁素的表达水平。
本发明通过检测在胃癌患者体内核仁素表达的异常,胃癌病人血浆中核仁素水平显著高于正常对照,提供了核仁素作为胃癌诊断的血清学标志物指标。
说明书附图
图1是胃癌病人与正常对照的血浆中核仁素水平表达,其中显示了胃癌病人血浆中核仁素水平表达显著高于正常对照。
具体实施方式
实施例1对胃癌患者及正常对照的血浆样本进行核仁素的ELISA检测
试剂:ELISA试剂盒购于Uscn Life Science公司。
双抗体ELISA法定量测定人血浆中核仁素含量:
根据试剂盒说明书进行相应操作;
病人及样本:
随机选取2012年12月-2014年12月新确诊为胃癌的28例患者的术前血标本,同时选取28例健康体检患者血作为对照。所有血标本收集方案均经过华山医院伦理委员会批准。
1,标本采集与保持
将病人血液标本1000×g离心20分钟,取上清(血浆)置于-20℃或-80℃保存;
2、操作步骤:
1)实验前标准品、试剂及样本准备;
2)加样:分别设标准孔、待测样品孔、空白孔;设标准孔7孔,依次加入100μL不同浓度的标准品,空白孔加100μL,余孔加待测样品100μL,酶标板加上覆膜,37℃温育2小时;
3)弃去液体,甩干,不洗涤;
4)每孔加检测溶液A工作液100μL,酶标板加上覆膜,37℃温育1小时;
5)弃去孔内液体,每孔用350μL的洗涤液洗涤,浸泡1-2分钟,吸去或甩掉酶标板内的液体,铺垫纸吸或拍动将孔内液体拍干,重复洗板3次;最后一次,洗涤后,将孔内的洗涤液完全甩干;
6)每孔加检测溶液B工作液100μL,加上覆膜,37℃温育30分钟;
7)弃去孔内液体,甩干,洗板5次,方法同步骤4;
8)每孔加底物溶液90μL,酶标板加上覆膜,37℃避光显色,反应时间控制在15-25分钟,不要超过30分钟。当标准孔的前3-4孔有明显的梯度蓝色,后3-4孔梯度不明显时,即可终止;
9)每孔加终止溶液50μL,终止反应,此时蓝色立转黄色;终止液的加入顺序应与底物溶液的加入顺序相同,如出现颜色不匀一,晃动酶标板以使溶液混合均 匀;
10)酶标板底无水滴及孔内无气泡后,用酶标仪在450nm波长测量各孔的光密度(O.D.值)。
3、计算
各标准品及样本O.D.值扣除空白孔O.D.值后作图(七点图),如设置复孔,则应取其平均值计算;以标准品的浓度为纵坐标(或对数坐标),O.D.值为横坐标(或对数坐标),绘制标准曲线,本实施例中,依回归方程计算的R2值确定,以R2值越趋近于1为佳;使用专业制作曲线软件(curve expert 1.30)进行分析,根据样品O.D.值,由标准曲线查出相应的浓度,乘以稀释倍数;或用标准物的浓度与O.D.值计算出标准曲线的回归方程式,将样品的O.D.值代入方程式,计算出样品浓度,再乘以稀释倍数,即为样品的实际浓度。
实验结果显示:在肠癌病人血浆中核仁素水平显著高于正常对照,P=0.003(如图1所示,n=28),表明核仁素在肠癌中高表达并分泌到血液中,因此,所述的核仁素可作为肠癌诊断的无创标志物。
Claims (7)
1.核仁素在用于制备胃癌诊断试剂中的用途。
2.核仁素在用于制备胃癌诊断试剂盒中的用途。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的用途,其特征在于,所述核仁素作为胃癌诊断的血清学标志物指标。
4.按权利要求1或2所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的诊断试剂盒检测在胃癌患者体内核仁素的表达水平。
5.一种治疗胃癌的药物,其特征在于,其中,以核仁素为治疗胃癌药物的靶标。
6.一种检测试剂盒,其特征在于,它包括针对核仁素蛋白的抗体,以及含有核仁素标准品。
7.一种人胃癌标志物核仁素的检测方法,其特征在于,其包括步骤:
(1)分离提取样本中的基因组DNA或者蛋白;
和/或
(2)检测(1)所得的基因组DNA或者蛋白中核仁素的表达水平。
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