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The International Network for Natural Sciences (INNSPUB) invite all prospective research scholars to read and welcome to submit their original quality manuscript for quick publish of research paper, review paper, short communications,... more
The International Network for Natural Sciences (INNSPUB) invite all prospective research scholars to read and welcome to submit their original quality manuscript for quick publish of research paper, review paper, short communications, research reports, technical reports, intellectual articles, conceptual papers and latest research & findings on Life sciences, Environmental sciences, Agricultural sciences, Health sciences and Bio-medicinal science which are not under review or under consideration for publish in any other international academic journal.
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The aim of this review is to discuss the emerging issues and challenges in baobab conservation based on the climate change, emerging challenges related to herbivory and human use such as emerging of new markets for baobab products and... more
The aim of this review is to discuss the emerging issues and challenges in baobab conservation based on the climate change, emerging challenges related to herbivory and human use such as emerging of new markets for baobab products and land use changes.Specifically, the review summarizes scientific questions and challenges for the conservation of one of the most important indigenous fruit tree species, Adansonia digitata in Sub-Saharan Africa. It highlights on new information on the status of A. digitata in Tanzania with a strong focus on ethno-botanical issues, traditional and modern uses as well as challenges for the management and conservation of the tree species.We have done that by using facts from different parts of the geographical ranges of Africa and other parts of the world. The review is based on the belief that understanding the factors underpinning the use and management of A. digitata is an essential step towards development of credible strategies and plans that would advance and lead to sustainable management of baobabs.
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International Network for Natural Sciences (INNSPUB) is a wing of Shamokal Research and Developments Network (SRDN), Dhaka, Bangladesh. INNSPUB is dedicated to publish scholarly research journals and books in English and believes in... more
International Network for Natural Sciences (INNSPUB) is a wing of Shamokal Research and Developments Network (SRDN), Dhaka, Bangladesh. INNSPUB is dedicated to publish scholarly research journals and books in English and believes in sharing of new scientific knowledge in the field of Natural sciences, Biology, Medicine and Agriculture all over the world. All our publications are available in online platform that concurrently belong to many Societies, Universities and Research Institutes. Unique features: ♦ Fast-track peer-reviewed by international experts ♦ Fast publication and continuous publications ♦ Open access for facilitating higher number of citations ♦ Covered by renowned abstracting and indexing services ♦ All IJB articles are assigned to CrossRef DOI number INNSPUB publishes original scientific research articles, review papers, short communications and books. We anticipate that our rapid production service will allow top-end research to reach its audiences even sooner.
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An easy and quick spectrophotometric method is developed for the investigation of cobalt at trace level using 1-(2-Thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol (TAN) in presence of surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) aqueous micellar solution.... more
An easy and quick spectrophotometric method is developed for the investigation of cobalt at trace level using 1-(2-Thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol (TAN) in presence of surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) aqueous micellar solution. The cobalt forms bis [1-(2-Thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol] cobalt complex reacting with 1-(2-Thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol. Proposed method is of great importance because use of micellar system instead of solvent extraction steps that were toxic, expensive and time consuming. The method shows improved sensitivity, selectivity and molar absorption. The coefficient of molar absorption and Sandell’s sensitivity was found to be ε 1.89 × 104L mol-1 cm-1 and 3.1ngcm-2 at λmax 572.7nm. Graph of Linear concentration calibration was obtained in the range 0.02-9.0μgmL-1; stoichiometric metal ligand ratio was found 1:2 for the complex Co-[TAN]2 formation. The proposed method was applied for the investigation of cobalt from different alloys, biological, environmental and pharmaceutical samples.
Research Interests: Environmental Science, Research Methodology, Open Access Publishing, Environmental Studies, Educational Research, and 8 moreBiodiversity and Ecosystem Function, Biodiversity, Environmental Sustainability, Peer Review, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Biodiversity Research, Call for Papers, and Online Submission
The purpose of the presented investigation was to study the content of active metabolites in lichen species: Anaptychia ciliaris (L.) A. Massal, Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale, Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl., Parmelia sulcata Taylor,... more
The purpose of the presented investigation was to study the content of active metabolites in lichen species: Anaptychia ciliaris (L.) A. Massal, Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale, Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl., Parmelia sulcata Taylor, Peltigera canina (L.) Willd., Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf. var. furfuracea, Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach., Ramalina pollinaria (Westr.) Ach., Xanthoparmelia stenophylla (Ach.) Ahti & D. Hawksw growing in Georgia. The primary and secondary metabolites of photo- and micobiont, in particular photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, proline, total phenols, soluble carbohydrates, total proteins and total antioxidant activity have been investigated. Spectrophotometrical and titration methods have been used for studies. Remarkably high content of carotenoids was discovered in Xanthoparmelia stenophylla compared to other tested species. Anaptychia ciliaris, Pseudovernia furfuracea and Ramalina farinacea were distinguished by the high content of chlorophylls, carotenoids and anthocyanins among the studied tree-inhabiting species. High content of proline was found in species: Xanthoparmelia stenophylla, Hypogymnia physodes, and Parmelia sulcata. Especially high content of phenols was determined in Peltigera canina. Ramalina pollinaria, Pseudovernia furfuracea, and Flavoparmelia caperata were distinguished by the high content of soluble carbohydrates, compared to other species. Content of total proteins was high in Ramalina farinacea, Pseudovernia furfuracea, and Flavoparmelia caperata. Hypogymnia physodes was distinguished by the high total antioxidant activity. Influence of the substrate on the quantitative characteristics of studied parameters was revealed. The same species of lichens may reveal different strategies of antioxidant defense according to environmental conditions. Cyanobionts seem to be more resistance to environmental conditions, compared to phycobiont.
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Trials for the effectiveness of Plantmate organic manure and Prime EC Foliar Plant Food for increased yields for selected crops were done in five different Agro-ecological zones and soil types, in Kenya. The approach was executed through... more
Trials for the effectiveness of Plantmate organic manure and Prime EC Foliar Plant Food for increased yields for selected crops were done in five different Agro-ecological zones and soil types, in Kenya. The approach was executed through controlled greenhouse experiment and in the field. The trials data obtained indicated Plantmate organic manure and Prime EC Foliar Plant Food in combination with half the rate of recommended inorganic fertilizer performed significantly (p<0.05) better than all other treatments. Thus, plots treated with Plantmate organic manure and Prime EC Foliar Plant Food gave higher yields in common beans, French beans, maize, onions, cabbages, capsicum with percentages exceeding 100 compared to the control in most cases. In many soils fertilizers are fixed and rendered insoluble under certain soil conditions such as soil pH. The Plantmate organic manure and Prime EC Foliar Plant Food ameliorated the soil conditions as it interacted with inorganic fertilizer thus increasing its use efficie ncy by crops. Plantmate organic manure and Prime EC Foliar Plant Food not only increased soil chemical fertility but also improves water use efficiency at low matric potential and generally improves plant vigor and soil health .
To investigate the effect of seed priming treatments i.e. NaCl or KNo3 and non-primed seed of some safflower cultivars i.e. Giza 1, Line 168, and Line1697 on critical stage of germination under salinity concentrations of. 0, 3, 6, 9, 12,... more
To investigate the effect of seed priming treatments i.e. NaCl or KNo3 and non-primed seed of some safflower cultivars i.e. Giza 1, Line 168, and Line1697 on critical stage of germination under salinity concentrations of. 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 dSm-1 NaCl. Laboratory experiment was conducted at Giza Central Seed Testing Laboratory of Central Administration for Seed Certification (CASC), Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt. Germination characters i.e. final germination percentage, germination rate, germination index, energy of germination and seedling vigour index were estimated. The results indicated that highest averages of final germination percentage, germination rate, germination index, energy of germination, seedling vigor index were produced from primed seed in NaCl or KNo3. Line 168 surpassed other studied cultivars in final germination percentage, germination rate, germination index, energy of germination and seedling vigor index. Increasing salinity levels from 0 to 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 dSm-1 NaCl significantly decreased all studied characters. Results revealed that final germination percentage, germination rate, germination index and energy of germination significantly affected by the interaction between seed priming treatments and cultivars. Final germination percentage, germination rate, germination index, energy of germination and seedling vigor index significantly affected by the interaction between cultivars and salinity concentrations and by the interaction among seed priming treatments, cultivars and salinity concentrations. Priming seed of Line168 or Line 1697 using NaCl or KNo3 were more tolerant to salinity stress, which must be put in breeding program of safflower for enhancing of safflower productivity under salinity conditions for reducing the gab of oil production in Egypt.
International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) publish high-quality original research papers together with review articles and short-communications. It publishes original scientific work in all areas of Agronomy and... more
International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) publish high-quality original research papers together with review articles and short-communications. It publishes original scientific work in all areas of Agronomy and Agricultural sciences. The scopes of the journal include, but not limited to, the following topic areas: Agricultural sciences, Agronomy, Crop sciences, Horticulture, Plant protection, Breeding, Genetics, Pathology, Soil sciences, Animal sciences, Marine lives, Food & Fibre improvement and production
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Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences publish original research paper,research article and scientific journal on Environment, Biodiversity,
Research Interests: Environmental Science, Forestry, Social Research Methods and Methodology, Climate Change, Conservation Biology, and 11 moreConservation, Environment and natural resources conservation, Biodiversity, Natural Science, Research papers, Research Paper, Natural Sciences, Library Research Paper, Climate and global worming, Scientific Articles, and American Journal of Medical and Biological Research
International Journal of Biosciences is a reputed research journal that covers all areas of Biology, Biotechnology, Genetics, Zoology, Botany and Agriculture.
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International Network for Natural Sciences (INNSPUB) is a wing of Shamokal Publications, Bangladesh. INNSPUB is dedicated to publish scholarly research journals and books in English. We believe in sharing of new scientific knowledge in... more
International Network for Natural Sciences (INNSPUB) is a wing of Shamokal Publications, Bangladesh. INNSPUB is dedicated to publish scholarly research journals and books in English. We believe in sharing of new scientific knowledge in the field of natural sciences, biology, medicine and agriculture all over the world. All our publications are available online that concurrently belong to many societies, universities and research institutes.
Unique features:
♦ Fast-track peer-reviewed by international experts
♦ Fast publication and continuous publications
♦ Open access for facilitating higher number of citations
♦ Covered by renowned abstracting and indexing services
♦ All IJB articles are assigned to CrossRef DOI number
INNSPUB publishes original scientific research articles, review papers, short communications and books. We anticipate that our rapid production service will allow top-end research to reach its audiences even sooner.
Unique features:
♦ Fast-track peer-reviewed by international experts
♦ Fast publication and continuous publications
♦ Open access for facilitating higher number of citations
♦ Covered by renowned abstracting and indexing services
♦ All IJB articles are assigned to CrossRef DOI number
INNSPUB publishes original scientific research articles, review papers, short communications and books. We anticipate that our rapid production service will allow top-end research to reach its audiences even sooner.
Research Interests:
The present study investigated the yield and its contributing attributes among F5 segregating tomato lines so as to find degree of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance. This research study was conducted using a... more
The present study investigated the yield and its contributing attributes among F5 segregating tomato lines so as to find degree of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance. This research study was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) during season 2018-2019 at Agricultural Research Station Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The experimental material (23 segregating lines and 2 parental genotypes) were characterized for morphological days to first flowering, days to fruiting, plant height, stem diameter, cluster per plant, flowers per cluster, fruits cluster-1, fruits per plant, yield hectare-1. Analysis of variance regarding morphological attributes showed highly significant differences (P≤ 0.01) among tomato F5 segregating lines. Minimum days to first flowering and days to fruiting were recorded for ST-12, ST-14, ST-17 with values of (50.00), (78.33) each, respectively. Maximum plant height, stem diameter, clusters per plant, flowers per cluster, fruit per cluster, fruits per plant, single fruit weight were observed for ST-20, ST-17, ST-12, ST-21, Roma, ST-12, ST-8, Roma with values of (105.38), (1.69), (29.33), (6.18), (6.00), (150.27), (81.41). Very little differences were observed between phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation for all traits except cluster plant-1 and fruits plant-1 indicating that most of the traits were less influenced by environmental factors for their phenotypic expression. All traits had high h2 but only fruit plant-1 (0.37), single fruit weight (0.58), yield ha-1 (0.39) were found to be moderate and clusters plant-1(0.12) had low h2. Low genetic advance (20.0) was recorded for all traits except yield. Moderate to low genetic advance suggests the action of both additive and non-additive genes and favorable influence of environment in the expression. Desired morphological characterization on the basis of the yield attributing traits to fruit yield showed these lines ST-1, ST-2, ST-4, ST-5, ST-6, ST-7, ST-9, ST-11, ST-12, ST-14, ST-17, ST-18, ST-19, ST-21, could further be used for the development of improved varieties in future tomato breeding program.
Research Interests: Genetics, Agronomy, Research Methodology, Open Access, Open Access Publishing, and 11 moreEducational Research, Organic agriculture, Agriculture, Heritability, Tomato, Genetic advance, Tomato breeding, F5 Generation, HERITABILITY AND GENETIC ADVANCE IN TREES, International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, and pcv partido comunista venezolano
A study was carried out to investigate the possibility of adopting conservation agriculture in cotton production and determine its impact on seed cotton yield. The experiment was carried out in Zimbabwe at Cotton Research Institute,... more
A study was carried out to investigate the possibility of adopting conservation agriculture in cotton production and determine its impact on seed cotton yield. The experiment was carried out in Zimbabwe at Cotton Research Institute, Umguza, Kuwirirana, Wozhele, Shamva and Dande communal areas. This new technology is also to fuse with the new Pfumvudza cotton program, a drive which Zimbabwean government is trying to implement. The experimental design used was a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with five replications. The treatments used were as follows: conventional tillage practice, conservation agriculture with basins, conservation agriculture with ripped rows and conservation agriculture with dibber made holes. The data was collected on the average boll mass, plant height and seed cotton yield. The data was analysed using GenStat 18 th version and the means were separated using Fisher's LSD test at a 5% probability level. Based on the outcome of the results, it showed that high significant differences were realised at sites for all the treatments in terms of seed cotton yield with conservation agriculture with basins yielding the most at 1337kg ha-1. The other two conservation practices also produced better yields. This showed that conservation agriculture practices are a promising technology that can be used in cotton production with benefits being significant with time.
Research Interests:
The objective of the study was to evaluate the reproductive performance and estimate the genetic parameters, in a real environment, of the rabbit of the exotic Hyplus breed. The study will allow appreciating the parameters that could be... more
The objective of the study was to evaluate the reproductive performance and estimate the genetic parameters, in a real environment, of the rabbit of the exotic Hyplus breed. The study will allow appreciating the parameters that could be the object of genetic improvement in view of a selection to produce a more efficient rabbit. The work took place at the SAP Mé d’Adzopé farm from January 2013 to June 2015. One hundred and twenty breeding does were followed for five successive generations of five parities each, with an interval of 11 days between the parturition and the next mating with weaning at 30 days. These females produced 5283 total born rabbits with 5164 born alive and 4732 weaned. The genetic parameters including heritability, genetic, phenotypic and non-genetic correlations (environmental effects) did analyzed using the Derivative Free Restricted Maximum Likelihood program. The results obtained showed that the receptivity and fertility rates did significantly influenced by the order of parity and the season of kindling. The pre-weaning mortality rate was 8.37%. Females had the best prolificacies’ between the second and fourth parity, with an average of 9.9, 10.19 and 9.79 kits respectively. The heritability values of young rabbits total born alive, born alive, weaned and old rabbits were 0.22; 0.20; 0.16 and 0.12 respectively. These results showed that selection is possible for these studied traits.
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Sensory evaluation or analysis is an invaluable tool in determining the consumers' acceptability of a product developed and eventually its market success. This is a sequel test after the chemical analysis and microbiological procedures... more
Sensory evaluation or analysis is an invaluable tool in determining the consumers' acceptability of a product developed and eventually its market success. This is a sequel test after the chemical analysis and microbiological procedures have been conducted. The study determined the level of acceptability of the by-product of Talisay (Terminalia catappa) nuts specifically; Talisay Nuts Polvoron, Glazed Talisay Nuts, and Sugar-coated Talisay Nuts using sensory evaluation as to appearance, taste, aroma, sweetness, and texture. The responses of the food inclined participants are described yielding from the Hedonic Tests conducted and statistically treated. Results concluded that the developed products are remarkably acceptable and marketable.
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Soil salinity has a negative effect on germination and seedling growth, therefore, it is preferable to ensure a high germination rate and strong early growth in saline soils in order to obtain the best productivity of grain crops.... more
Soil salinity has a negative effect on germination and seedling growth, therefore, it is preferable to ensure a high germination rate and strong early growth in saline soils in order to obtain the best productivity of grain crops. Gibberellic acid (GA3) is one of the most important plant growth regulators which decrease the e ffect of salinity A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the effect of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and some salinity levels on the germination of barley seeds, using a completely random design in three replications, where the seeds were treated before planting with Gibberellic acid at a concentration of 300 ppm (soaking for 24 hours), compared to soaking in distilled water (control) under the influence of different concentrations of NaCl salt (4000, 9000) ppm compared with control. The results of variance analysis (ANOVA) showed extremely significant (p < 0.05) when soaking barley seeds in Gibberellic acid (GA3) compared to control under different levels of NaCl concentration, as there was a positive effect on barley germination and root system where usin g Gibberellic acid such as germination energy (%), laboratory germination (%), germination force%, weight 100 feathers gr., weight 100 root gr., length feather (cm) and length roots (cm).
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A study on Honeydew melon using integrated nutrient management was conducted at the experimental area of the Institute of Agricultural Technology, Isabela State University, Cauayan City from January to April 28, 2018. Specifically, it... more
A study on Honeydew melon using integrated nutrient management was conducted at the experimental area of the Institute of Agricultural Technology, Isabela State University, Cauayan City from January to April 28, 2018. Specifically, it aimed to: Determine the performance of honeydew melon applied with different treatments, and assess which combination of treatments obtains a highest return on investment. The study was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three equal replications. The treatments were as follows: T1– FR- Based on soil analysis, T2 – 20% FR + Vermiwash + Foliar Fertilizer, T3 – 40% FR + Vermiwash + Foliar Fertilizer, T4 – 60% FR + Vermiwash + Foliar Fertilizer, T5 – 80% FR + Vermiwash + Foliar Fertilizer, and T6 – 100% FR + Vermiwash + Foliar Fertilizer. Based from the results of the study the longest vines at harvesting were obtained at T6 – 100% FR + Vermiwash + Foliar Fertilizer and T5 – 80% FR + Vermiwash + Foliar Fertilizer. Application 100% FR + Vermiwash + Foliar Fertilizer produced the heaviest weight of fruits and weight of fruits per sampling area and thicker fruit flesh. In terms of fruit diameter, sugar content, texture and aroma of the Honeydew melon the application of T6 – 100% FR + Vermiwash + Foliar Fertilizer and T1– FR- Based on soil analysis obtained the highest mean values.
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A germination test was carried out to identify plants that can germinate and survive in polluted soil (with and without ash) collected 2.5km east and 2.5km west, 20km west and 55km west (control) of the BCL Cu/Ni mine smelter in... more
A germination test was carried out to identify plants that can germinate and survive in polluted soil (with and without ash) collected 2.5km east and 2.5km west, 20km west and 55km west (control) of the BCL Cu/Ni mine smelter in Selebi-Phikwe, Botswana. The experiment was carried out using Phaseolus vulgaris, Moringa oleifera and Moringa stenopetala. Soil acidity and heavy metal stress reduced germination percentage, coefficient rate of germination, root and shoot growth and dry weight, root: shoot, vigour index and tolerance index of all species. Percentage reduction followed the order 2.5km west < 20km west < 2.5km east < 55km west. Phaseolus vulgaris, Moringa oleifera and Moringa stenopetala germinated in all soils. Their ability to germinate in polluted soil indicates tolerance to heavy metal and soil acidity stress and so they have potential for use in phytoremediation of polluted soils around the mine. Phaseolus vulgaris had the highest overall germination performance but there was no significant differ ence between the Moringas. Application of coal fly ash increased all the germination parameters and so coal fly ash has potential for use in amending polluted soil around the mine for phytoremediation purposes.
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In order to study the morpho-biometric characterisation of the indigenous Djallonke sheep Ngaoundere, 126 adult indigenous Djallonke sheep (38 males and 88 females) were sampled from January to December 2020. The results of this study... more
In order to study the morpho-biometric characterisation of the indigenous Djallonke sheep Ngaoundere, 126 adult indigenous Djallonke sheep (38 males and 88 females) were sampled from January to December 2020. The results of this study show that the coat colour is dominated by white; the horns, mane and Pendulous are less present; the facial profile is convex and the ears are semi-pendent. In addition, ear length, body length, chest depth, croup length and tail length showed significant differences (p<0.05). The correlation (r=0.844) between the substernal gracility index and the auriculo-thoracic index revealed the existence of sub-populations of indigenous Djallonké sheep that can be the subject of an improvement and preservation programme.
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A study was carried out to investigate the possibility of adopting conservation agriculture in cotton production and determine its impact on seed cotton yield. The experiment was carried out in Zimbabwe at Cotton Research Institute,... more
A study was carried out to investigate the possibility of adopting conservation agriculture in cotton production and determine its impact on seed cotton yield. The experiment was carried out in Zimbabwe at Cotton Research Institute, Umguza, Kuwirirana, Wozhele, Shamva and Dande communal areas. This new technology is also to fuse with the new Pfumvudza cotton program, a drive which Zimbabwean government is trying to implement. The experimental design used was a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with five replications. The treatments used were as follows: conventional tillage practice, conservation agriculture with basins, conservation agriculture with ripped rows and conservation agriculture with dibber made holes. The data was collected on the average boll mass, plant height and seed cotton yield. The data was analysed using GenStat 18 th version and the means were separated using Fisher's LSD test at a 5% probability level. Based on the outcome of the results, it showed that high significant differences were realised at sites for all the treatments in terms of seed cotton yield with conservation agriculture with basins yielding the most at 1337kg ha-1. The other two conservation practices also produced better yields. This showed that conservation agriculture practices are a promising technology that can be used in cotton production with benefits being significant with time.
Research Interests:
The present investigation is an attempt to explore the composition, characteristics, and generation rate of municipal solid waste in the Shopian (J&K) by selecting five different sites. The study revealed that the average residential... more
The present investigation is an attempt to explore the composition, characteristics, and generation rate of municipal solid waste in the Shopian (J&K) by selecting five different sites. The study revealed that the average residential municipal waste generation rates differed among sites. Daily, Site II recorded highest amount of waste generation 170.3 kg/day and minimum of 48.56 kg/day was recorded at SV. According to the seasons, summer has the biggest amount of daily waste generation 320.3 kg/day to a minimum of 98.3 kg in winter. The rate of waste generation per capita varied, ranging from 0.521 kg/capita/day (SII) to 0.3455 kg/capita/day (SV). The per capita waste generation rate was observed to change seasonally, ranging from 0.6589 kg/capita/day in the summer to 0.306 kg/capita/day in the winter. The average municipal solid waste composition of municipalities at different sites, based on the geographical scale: SI, SII, SIII, SIV, and SV. SII had the highest food waste proportion, followed by SI and the other locations. The waste fractions of paper and cardboard were greater at SIV, whereas the rest of the fractions followed a similar trend across sites. The % by weight (composition) of municipal garbage varied insignificantly among seasons (F= 2.33E-06, P=1) and sites (F= 9.15E-08, P=1), according to an analysis of variance test. The study also revealed that the proportion of flammable material in municipal solid trash ranged from 95% at SII to 83 % at SIII, whereas the percentage of non-combustible material in municipal solid waste ranged from 18% at SIII to 5% at SII. Seasonally, the combustible material percentage of the municipal solid waste ranged from 89 % in spring to 88% in all other seasons. Analysis of variance showed insignificant variation in % of combustible and non-combustible material content across different seasons (F=0.0328, P=0.895) and significant across sites (F=3.76, P=0.003).
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Micronutrient deficiency is a common and widely spread problem that affects yield and quality of plant products. Zinc deficiency especially in fresh commodities enhances fruit deterioration during postharvest storage. This study was aimed... more
Micronutrient deficiency is a common and widely spread problem that affects yield and quality of plant products. Zinc deficiency especially in fresh commodities enhances fruit deterioration during postharvest storage. This study was aimed at investigating effects of foliar applications of Zinc-based fertilizer on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) growth and development, as well as fruit behaviour during storage. Four different concentrations of Zinc-based fertilizer were applied on tomato plants (0ml/l, 5ml/l, 10ml/l and 15ml/l). Zinc-based fertilizer applications started fourteen days after transplanting and continued weekly till harvest. A completely randomized block design with four treatments and six replications was used for the experiment. Parameters for plant growth and development, fruit quality and storability were determined. Results showed that Zinc-based fertilizer significantly influence most growth parameters at (p < 0.05). Zinc-based fertilizer has a significant effect on development parameters. There was no significant difference among treatments for fruit diameter (p < 0.05). Most storability parameters, except for PWL at 5th and 8th, Firmness and TSSC, showed a significant difference among treatments at (p < 0.05). The dose of 15ml/l was the most efficacious on many parameters evaluated.
Research Interests: Agronomy, Research Methodology, Open Access Publishing, Sustainable Development, Agriculture, and 11 moreAgricultural extension, Qualitative Research Methods, Effect of Mulch on Growth and Yield, ZnO (Zinc Oxide), Green Growth, Agronomy/crop science, Ripening, Zinc & Iron Agronomic Biofortification of Major Cereal Crops, Solanum Lycopersicum, Agronomy Research, and Storability
Magnetic water treatment and hydroponics system, as two distinct technologies, has shown remarkable results in enhancing crop growth and yield. The combination had somehow shown promising results; however, literature is still limited.... more
Magnetic water treatment and hydroponics system, as two distinct technologies, has shown remarkable results in enhancing crop growth and yield. The combination had somehow shown promising results; however, literature is still limited. This study determined the growth and yield performance of pechay as influenced by magnetic water treatment in a hydroponics system. Magnetization was done using a varying number of permanent magnets. Based on the result, a positive effect was observed for all the parameters considered. Notably, an increase of 24.7% in height, 30% in the number of leaves, 18.56% in leaf length, 47.93% in leaf area, 46.50% in root length, and 34.97% in fresh weight against the control. The results suggest that the application of magnetic fields on the nutrient solution in hydroponics systems could further enhance crop production and could be applied for practical use.
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Amino acids have become a crucial part of feed for better growth and yield of Solanaceous vegetables. Economically accessible Amino acid stimulants can enhance the fertilizer absorption and maximize the uptake of water and nutrients. The... more
Amino acids have become a crucial part of feed for better growth and yield of Solanaceous vegetables. Economically accessible Amino acid stimulants can enhance the fertilizer absorption and maximize the uptake of water and nutrients. The experimental trial was carried out to find the impact of foliar feeding of Ezabian and Imino-x on flourishment and production of green chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.). Experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Moreover, seven treatments and four replications will be considered. Each treatment will contain ten plants. Vegetative, reproductive and biochemical parameters of chilli Wonder Hot, variety will be observed for data collection. Results revealed that Maximum plant height (63.5cm), highest fruit weight (5.39g), highest TSS value (11.51 Brix°) and highest pH value (5.68) was observed in T6 while T6 had maximum number of branches (28), highest value of fruit length (12.49cm), maximum fruit yield/plant (1113g), maximum fruit yield/ hectare (51.15tons), highest fresh root weight is 8.18, highest dry root weight 5.88, highest fresh shoot weight 77.7, highest dry shoot weight 33.57, highest value of 100 seeds weight (0.325g), and maximum chlorophyll concentration (75.68). However, highest concentration of Titratable acidity (0.3593g/L), maximum value of electrical conductivity (3.98S/m) highest value of fruit firmness (7.1 lb) as compared to other treatments Hence, it was concluded that foliar application of Ezabian and Imino-x @ Ezabian20mL+Imino-x20mL per liter of water increased yield characters up to maximum and this dose can be recommended to farmers to get more yield and profit.
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Lizards (Varanidae) are a group of bushmeat consumed and sold in most markets in West Africa and is purchased in preference to domestic animals. The present study aims in general to characterize their uses. Therefore, 361 informants were... more
Lizards (Varanidae) are a group of bushmeat consumed and sold in most markets in West Africa and is purchased in preference to domestic animals. The present study aims in general to characterize their uses. Therefore, 361 informants were surveyed in Benin, Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast. It appears that the species of monitor lizards met in Benin, Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast are: Varanus exanthematicus and V. niloticus with a pdominanc of Varanus exanthematicus (P<0.001). The preparation forms of the meat reported are: boiling of the fresh meat, the smoking, the braising and the frying. The distribution of sauces and dishes prepared using monitor lizard (Varanus sp.) meat by country (Benin, Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast) using Correspondence Factorial Analysis showed three groups (Benin, Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast). The first axis explains 54.1% of the variations while the second axis explains 45.9% of the variations. Benin is characterized by the lizard meat sauces and dishes named kalalou sauce, sesame sauce, palm nut sauce, vegetable sauce, peanut seed sauce and grilled meat. The Ivory Coast is characterized by the okra sauce, Gnanagnan sauce, Kedjenou Sauce, tomato sauce, Gouagouasoup sauce, Biokosoe dish and palm nut sauce. The Burkina Faso is characterized by the smoked lizard meat sauce, a soup, Piapia yangoila sauce, Soumbala sauce, peanut sauce and sorrel sauce. The cash incomes from monitor lizard trade provide an important contribution that complements the diverse livelihood strategies within a household for food security in Benin, Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast.
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Indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) have a potential to boost maize (Zea mays) growth and increase the P and Zn uptake through the symbiotic association they form with the plant, even in acidic soils conditions. Five AMF... more
Indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) have a potential to boost maize (Zea mays) growth and increase the P and Zn uptake through the symbiotic association they form with the plant, even in acidic soils conditions. Five AMF inoculums produced from the most abundant and ubiquitous morphotypes isolated from field soils in maize fields in South Kivu (DRC) were assessed. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the role of these AMF on nutrients uptake in a Nitisol and a Ferralsol. Eight treatments namely inoculums named AMF1 (Gigaspora gigantea), AMF2 (Gigaspora sp.), AMF3 (Gigaspora margarita), AMF4 (Rhizophagus intraradices) AMF5 (Acaulospora reducta), mineral phosphorus fertilizers (Pi), commercial biofertilizer Rhizatech and a Control were laid in a randomized complete block design. In the Ferralsol, Pi application, Rhizatech and AMF2 produced the highest height. Pi application resulted in the best shoot biomass. No difference was observed for the P content, but for the Zn content, AMF2 was the highest. Roots colonization did not vary among treatments. In the Nitisol, AMF4 produced the highest plant height and AMF1 the highiest chlorophyll content. AMF4 and Rhizatech colonized highly the roots. AMF3 gave the highest P however, Zinc content was equal in all treatments and the controls yielded the lowest results. Spores densities in both inoculums produced and experimental soils were low compared to the commercial inoculum but growth and roots colonisation was influenced by fertilization and soils types. The performance of efficient AMF inoculums of Gipaspora gigantea, Gigaspora sp., Rhizophagus intraradices and Acaulospora reducta applied with high densities spores and multispecies inoculums should be assessed.
Research Interests: Agronomy, Research Methodology, Phosphorus, Zinc Oxide, Maize, and 11 moreArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Agronomy/crop science, Nutrient Uptake, Native Plants, Agricultural Research, Zea mays, Ejournals, Ferralsol, International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, Acidic soils, and Maize growth acceleration
On-farm research was conducted at the Gouripur upazila under Mymensingh district of Bangladesh during boro (mid November-June) season in 2013-14 and 2014-15 to evaluate the performance of unpuddled rice cultivation with crop residue... more
On-farm research was conducted at the Gouripur upazila under Mymensingh district of Bangladesh during boro (mid November-June) season in 2013-14 and 2014-15 to evaluate the performance of unpuddled rice cultivation with crop residue retention. The rice var. BRRI dhan28 was transplanted by two tillage practices viz., puddled conventional tillage (CT) and non-puddled strip tillage (ST), and two levels of crop residues viz., "no" residue (R0) and 50% residue (R50). The experiment was devised in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Results showed no significant yield differences between tillage practices and residue levels in 2013-14. But in the following year, ST yielded higher grains (5.72t ha-1), which was about 9.36% higher compared to CT. The higher grain yield in ST leading to 22.23% higher BCR than CT. Retention of 50% residue increased yield by 3.15% over no-residue, contributing to 10.58% higher BCR. The ST combined 50% residue produced the highest grain yield (5.81 t ha-1), which was credited to obtain the highest BCR (1.06).
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The effect of Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi on growth, nutrient uptake and root infectivity was determined in Rough Lemon (Citrus jambhiri) seedlings raised under four phosphorus regimes in sand culture and also in sand/nitrosol... more
The effect of Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi on growth, nutrient uptake and root infectivity was determined in Rough Lemon (Citrus jambhiri) seedlings raised under four phosphorus regimes in sand culture and also in sand/nitrosol sterile and unsterile conditions. Inoculation with AM fungi increased the plant height, leaf number and stem girth in relation to un-inoculated seedlings grown under equivalent P concentrations. An increase in plant height, leaf number and stem girth also occurred in both inoculated sterile and un-sterile sand/nitrosol media in relation to un-inoculated sterile and unsterile media. Arbuscular mycorrhiza also increased the leaf area and the root, leaf and stem fresh and dry weights and also caused an increase in the uptake of phosphorus and potassium in the leaf tissues. It also favoured mycorrhizal infectivity of roots and increased the root absorptive surface area. This study indicates that AM fungi improves the capacity of tropical fruit to absorb and utilize plant nutrients possibly by increasing the effective root surface area from which available form of nutrients are absorbed and also by increasing access of roots by bridging the depletion zones. Inoculating seedlings with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi helps to alleviate the adverse effects of global warming and climate change. As a low cost technology, arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation is recommended as part of the regular practise for incorporating into nursery media used for tropical fruit seedling propagation.
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In the substitution of chemical insecticides with potential biopesticides, the efficiency of Lippia multiflora, Plectranthus glandulosus and Callistemon rigidus were evaluated on the improvement of cowpea (Vinia unguiculata) in Dang... more
In the substitution of chemical insecticides with potential biopesticides, the efficiency of Lippia multiflora, Plectranthus glandulosus and Callistemon rigidus were evaluated on the improvement of cowpea (Vinia unguiculata) in Dang (Ngaoundere, Cameroon). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 5 treatments repeated 4 times each: the negative control, the positive control (Decis), L. multiflora, P. glandulosus and C. rigidus. These different insecticides were sprayed on cowpea plants with 14 days interval starting from the 14 th day after sowing. The parameters collected were the diversity of insect pests, the number of pods, and the dry weight of the grains. All of the insecticides used improved cowpea yields. Although less efficient than Decis, most biopesticides significantly (p < 0.001) improved the yield of cowpeas compared to the negative control. This improvement was 260% for C. rigidus, and 120% for P. glandulosus. These results suggest that C. rigidus, P. glandulosus and L. multiflora could be considered as potential substitutes for chemical insecticides in improving cowpea yields.
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The tomato is the one of the most famous crops in Pakistan. It is used and consumed as fresh as well as in processed form. Its botanical name is Solanum lycopersicon Mill. The proposed study had been conducted in the year 2017-2018 in... more
The tomato is the one of the most famous crops in Pakistan. It is used and consumed as fresh as well as in processed form. Its botanical name is Solanum lycopersicon Mill. The proposed study had been conducted in the year 2017-2018 in order to find the best combination of water soluble NPK fertilizers as compared to control. Five different types of water soluble fertilizers were collected from different sources and were applied at 5% concentration during the entire growing period of the tomato crop. The experiment was designed using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five treatments and three replications of each. Different vegetative, reproductive and biochemical parameters were recorded and analyzed statistically at 5% level of significance. The treatments were compared using LSD test. It was concluded that different NPK water soluble fertilizers showed variation in physical and bio chemical parameters in tomato plants as compared to control. The plants showed variation in plant height, No. of fruit per plant, fruit yield per hectare, Individual fruit weight, fruit weight per plant, No. of diseased fruit per plant, date of first harvest, Fruit color Fruit length (cm), fruit size (cm), fruit firmness, total NPK contents, vitamincmg Chlorophyll concentration, pH, (TSS), Electricity conductivity (EC) and Titratable acidity Among all the water soluble treatments, the T3 treatment (WSF 20:20:20) yielded the comparatively better results as compared to other WSF treatments. So it was concluded that T3 was the recommended water soluble fertilizer for tomato.
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The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Thymus vulgaris on growth performance, morphometric, carcass, and blood parameters in local Kabir rooster. Chicks were randomly assigned to one of the... more
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Thymus vulgaris on growth performance, morphometric, carcass, and blood parameters in local Kabir rooster. Chicks were randomly assigned to one of the four dietary treatments (10 chicks per treatment). One group (T0) received a basal diet, two others received a basal diet supplemented with 0.5% (T5) and 1% (T10) of thyme while the fourth (TOxy) received Oxykel 80 WP. Feed intake was calculated, body weight and morphometric traits were recorded. Hematological analyses and the carcass parameters were evaluated. Feed supplemented gradual level of thyme resulted in a significant improvement in the overall performance parameters compared to the control. Roosters fed 1% thyme displayed a better feed conversion ratio than others (P<0.05). They showed the highest body weight gain, carcass weight, and heart relative weight compared to the values obtained in birds fed the basal diet. A significant decrease of spleen and gizzard relative weights was recorded in chicken fed on thyme. Except for the wing length, the chest circumference, and thigh diameter, dietary treatment had a significant effect on the body measurement characteristics (P<0.05). But the gain values of neck length, chest circumference, and tarsus length were significantly increased in chicken fed thyme supplemented diets (P<0.05). Roosters fed on thyme also had higher (P<0.05) red and white blood cells, hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. It could be concluded that thyme could be included in local chicken diets to promote their growth performance, improve their carcass characteristics and health status.
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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is an important vegetable crop in the tropics. Beer brewing is an intricate process encompassing the mixing and further elaboration of four essential raw materials. "Sakkara" is a Sri Lankan name for jiggers... more
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is an important vegetable crop in the tropics. Beer brewing is an intricate process encompassing the mixing and further elaboration of four essential raw materials. "Sakkara" is a Sri Lankan name for jiggers made from sugar cane stem extract. Sakkara Brewing (SBr) is also an intricate process like beer. It has been reported that foliar application of beer and SBr resulted in significant growth stimulation in plants. The objectives of the present study were to compare the effects of five commercially available beer products and SBr on the growth, flowering, and fruit setting of cucumber plants. The study was conducted at farmer's polytunnel in a Completely Randomize Design with seven treatments randomized in five replicates. The treatments were T1-Carlsberg Special Brew (8.8% Ethanol), T2-Carlsberg (4.8% Ethanol), T3-Lion Strong (8.8% Ethanol), T4-Lion Stout (8.8% Ethanol), T5-Lion Larger (4.8% Ethanol), T6-SBr (2.2% ethanol, 4% methanol, 2.4 x 10 4 yeast cells per 1mm 3 and PH= 3.36) and T7-Control (without spraying). Plants were established in pots and standard crop management practices were done. Products were sprayed to the seedlings 15 days after sowing and continued 6 times at 10 days intervals. Measurements were taken on growth, flowering, and fruit setting stages. The higher values of plant growth, reproductive and yield parameters were observed in beer and SBr applied treatments compared to control. SBr is a very low-cost product compared to commercially available beer. So, it can be recommended for vegetable cultivation as an economically feasible and eco-friendly organic product.
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A study was conducted to examine fodder yield and silage quality of maize (Zea mays L.) and climbing bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) intercropping with different planting structure. Maize was cultivated alone and intercropped with climbing... more
A study was conducted to examine fodder yield and silage quality of maize (Zea mays L.) and climbing bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) intercropping with different planting structure. Maize was cultivated alone and intercropped with climbing bean as follows;1 row maize to 1 row climbing bean (1M1K), 1 row maize to 2 rows climbing bean (1M2K) and 2 rows maize to 1 row climbing bean (2M1K). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four treatments and three replications. The crops were harvested when the maize reached at milk stage and climbing bean at R7 stage. The results indicated significant increase in fresh biomass and dry matter production of maize fodder alone as compared to maize intercropped with climbing bean fodder. However, no difference (p>0.05) was observed in ether extract (EE), and ash (%) of nutrient composition of fodder among the four treatments After 45 days of ensiling period, silage samples were analysed for pH, organic acids (lactic, acetic, and butyric), ammonia-N(NH3-N), dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na) and potassium (K). All intercropped silages had higher CP values (1M1K, 12.0%; 1M2K, 12.3%; 2M1K, 11.1%) than the monocrop maize (SM, 8.9%) silage. Higher organic acids and ammonia-N (p<0.05) were produced in the 1M2K silages as compared to others silages. The study showed that among all intercropped silages the 1M2K (1 row maize to 2 rows climbing bean) was preferable according to nutrient composition than other intercropped silages.
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One of the important principles of Conservation Agriculture is the permanent soil cover with crop residues which enhances soil and water productivity that leads to improved agricultural productivity. The effect of crop residues on soil... more
One of the important principles of Conservation Agriculture is the permanent soil cover with crop residues which enhances soil and water productivity that leads to improved agricultural productivity. The effect of crop residues on soil moisture content, relative growth rate and biomass water productivity were examined in a completely randomized design at the University of Reading, Berkshire district, England. Straw treatment was significant on moisture content and water use efficiency at (p< 0.01) respectively while there is no significant difference on mean relative growth rate and dry final biomass weights. The study concluded that soil moisture content is conserved with increased use of crop residues as soil cover. The study therefore recommended that project based research on Conservation Agriculture should be carried out by governments and NGO's that will involve farmers; also they should provide support for the knowledge diffusion of Conservation Agriculture to local farmers since it will improve yield and productivity. Extension agents and other agencies that work with farmers should also be properly trained to be able to disseminate this technology to farmers.
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To study the effect of salinity concentrations on seedlings parameters of some canola cultivars, a laboratory experiment was conducted at Agronomy Department Laboratory of Seed Testing, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt,... more
To study the effect of salinity concentrations on seedlings parameters of some canola cultivars, a laboratory experiment was conducted at Agronomy Department Laboratory of Seed Testing, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt, during December 2013. The experiment included two factor, the first factor included three cultivars of canola i.e. Serw 4, Serw 6 and Serw 51 and the second factor included ten concentrations of salinity as NaCl i.e. 0.0 (control treatment), 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 % NaCl). The results showed that Serw 6 cultivar significantly exceeded the other studied cultivars in root and shoot lengths and shoot fresh and dry weights. Whilst, Serw 51 cultivar significantly exceeded the other studied cultivars in root fresh and dry weights, seedling height reduction (SHR), relative dry weight and chlorophyll content in leaves. Salinity stress significantly affected seedlings characters of canola. Due to increasing salinity levels from 0 (control) to 1.8% NaCl, seedlings characters of canola was significantly decreased. It could be concluded that for maximizing canola seedlings parameters, germinated seeds of Serw 6 or Serw 51 cultivars under control treatment (without salinity stress) or under conditions of 0.2% NaCl.
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Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley of the Cucurbitaceae family has nutritious tender shoots, fruits, and seeds that are of culinary use in rural communities as vegetables. However, no studies on variation, correlation, heritability and... more
Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley of the Cucurbitaceae family has nutritious tender shoots, fruits, and seeds that are of culinary use in rural communities as vegetables. However, no studies on variation, correlation, heritability and genetic advance of its nutritional traits were conducted in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. This study aimed to characterise nutritional variability and heritability among L. siceraria genotypes from different origins. Nutritional traits were compared among different landraces using ANOVA, correlation, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and heritability estimates. Landraces varied significantly in their nutritional traits. Significant positive correlations were recorded among nutritional traits. The first three informative principal components had a total variability of 80.270%. Landraces in a biplot and dendrogram clustered closely to the nutritional components they strongly relate with, either positively or negatively. In five distinct clusters, landraces NRC, KSP and NRB were singletons in Clusters I, II and V, respectively. Cluster (III) consisted of NqSC, KSC, KRI, NSRC and DSI; whereas Cluster IV grouped landraces NSRC, RRP, MSC, NSRP, NqRC and RSP. High heritability estimates and genetic advance were recorded among nutritional traits. Therefore, this study serves as a reference for potential L. siceraria germplasm with ideal nutritional composition for future breeding programmes.
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Teff [Eragrostis teff (Zucc.) Trotter] is native to Ethiopia. Self-pollinated warm season annual grass with the advantage of C4 photosynthetic pathway and tetraploid 2n=40 plant/crop. Countries like USA, Canada, Australia, Netherlands,... more
Teff [Eragrostis teff (Zucc.) Trotter] is native to Ethiopia. Self-pollinated warm season annual grass with the advantage of C4 photosynthetic pathway and tetraploid 2n=40 plant/crop. Countries like USA, Canada, Australia, Netherlands, South Africa and Kenya produce teff for different purposes such as forage crop, thickener for soups, stews and gravies. The largest production of Teff in the world is from Ethiopia where annually, above 6,562,325 farmers grow Teff on above 2.87 million hectares, which is about 22.95% of the total cultivated land in the country. From the production of the total grain crops teff contributed 16.1 % (4,471,378.7 tons) in the country. Teff can be considered as alternative cereal crop for growers and also beneficial as an additional gluten free source and have higher fibour content for people suffering from coeliac disease and diabetics in the world respectively. Despite of these facts; the productivity of teff is still lower. The cause for the lower yield of teff is lodgidng, method of sowing, use of suboptimum seed rate and fertilizer application. This review demonstrated that higher performance in grain yield, tillering, panicle length and vegetative biomass signaling great yield potential due to row sowing than broadcast and using of optimum seed rate could be recommended for maximum teff grain and straw yield.
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Urban and peri-urban agriculture can play a crucial role in the economy, social and dietary life of urban dwellers. The city of Nairobi is going through urbanization challenges including provision of food, especially in slum areas where... more
Urban and peri-urban agriculture can play a crucial role in the economy, social and dietary life of urban dwellers. The city of Nairobi is going through urbanization challenges including provision of food, especially in slum areas where majority of urban poor lives. Reliable data on extent of urban/peri-urban areas being used for farming in Nairobi County, spatial distribution of such areas, type of crops, animals and proximity to market places are lacking. The aim of this study was to determine occurrence level of farming activities across four major network links of Nairobi County. Purposive sampling was applied in selecting four major network links (road transects). Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to farmers through face-to-face interviews. Data was collected on socio-economic characteristics, agricultural enterprises and consumption patterns. Data was analyzed at 5% level of significance, using descriptive statistics and chi-square test was performed. Farming activities generally increased with an increase in distance from the city center towards the Nairobi outskirts along three road transects. Crops only (90%) was the main farming enterprise practiced. More occurrences of farming activities were on Mombasa (33%) followed closely by Ngong (26%) and Thika superhighway (25%) road transects. Least farming activities were observed on Waiyaki way transect (16%). Fruits (27%) and vegetables (19%) topped the crop produce grown while poultry (38.5%) and cattle (34.6%) were the most reared livestock. These research findings will supplement to Nairobi City planners’ decision making process concerning urban and peri-urban agriculture in regard to land use allocation.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate methods of breaking seed dormancy, level of water uptake, and the influence of gibberellic acid on the early growth of Tamarindus indica seedlings. The scarification methods used... more
The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate methods of breaking seed dormancy, level of water uptake, and the influence of gibberellic acid on the early growth of Tamarindus indica seedlings. The scarification methods used included: concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4), manual scarification, flaming, hot and cold water treatments. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory on Petri dishes and in potting media. GA3 was used to optimize the production of seedlings by spraying the solution on the foliage. The treatment for 10 minutes with Conc. H2SO4 gave the maximum germination percentage and water uptake (80.41%). GA3 enhances the growth of the seedlings by increasing the height, the number of leaves and stem girth at eight weeks after sowing. In conclusion, all th e scarification treatments applied to the seeds of T. indica proved effective. The ten (10) minutes treatment with concentrated H 2SO4 was the best treatment for breaking seed dormancy of T. indica. And gibberellic acid enhanced early and fast seedling growth as it increase height, number of leaves and stem girth of T. indica.
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Two field experiments were carried out at Kalabsho Experimental Farm, Dakahlia Governorate, Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons to study the effect of sowing methods... more
Two field experiments were carried out at Kalabsho Experimental Farm, Dakahlia Governorate, Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons to study the effect of sowing methods (mechanical and manual methods), irrigation methods (surface and drip irrigation system) and hill spacings (10, 15 and 20cm between hills) on yield and its components, as well as quality of sugar beet cv. Hossam as a multigerm variety under sandy soil conditions. The obtained results could be summarized as follows; the optimum sowing method that produced the highest values of yield and its components as well as root quality parameters was mechanical sowing method (planter machine) in both seasons. Irrigation sugar beet plants by using drip irrigation system yielded the highest values of yield and its components as well as root quality parameters and followed by using surface flooding irrigation system in both seasons. Planting sugar beet seeds on one side of the ridge, 60cm width, and 20cm between hills, resulting plant population density 35000 plants/fed produced, the highest values of yield and its components and root quality parameters and followed by planting on 15cm between hills, resulting plant population density 46666 plants/fed and finally planting on 10cm between hills, resulting plant population density 70000 plants/fed in the two seasons. From the obtained data in this study, it can be concluded that sowing sugar beet using mechanical sowing method (planter machine), irrigation by using drip irrigation system and planting on one side of the ridge, 60cm width, and 20cm between hills, resulting plant population density 35000 plants/fed in order to maximizing its productivity and quality under the environmental conditions of sandy soil in Kalabsho region, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.
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The purpose of the given study was to investigate characteristics of antioxidant system and other biochemical indices of some salt resistans species growing on saline soils of Georgia. Activity of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and... more
The purpose of the given study was to investigate characteristics of antioxidant system and other biochemical indices of some salt resistans species growing on saline soils of Georgia. Activity of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and catalase) and nitrate reductase, also low molecular antioxidants (proline, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, anthocyanins and carotenoids), and of content of total proteins, chlorophylls, and soluble carbohydrates has been investigated in leaves of salt resistnt plants-Salsola soda L.-opposite-leaved saltworth, Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.-salt cedar, Chenopodium album L.-goosefoot, Artemisia lerchiana (Web.)-sagebrush, Achillea biebersteinii (Afan.)-allheal and Adonis bienertii (Butkov ex Riedl.)-pheasant's eye-growing coastwise and in surroundings of Kumisi Lake (East Georgia, lower Kartli), in order to study the influence of salinization level on the studied parameters. Spectrophotometrical, gazometrical and titration methods has been used for investigations. Increase of salinity induced activation of peroxidase, rise of proline and total proteins content in leaves of eu-and crynohalophytes (saltworth, goosefoot, salt cedar). Activation of catalase and peroxidase, also increase of the content of anthocyanins, phenols, total proteins and soluble carbohydrates was mentioned in leaves of glyco halophytes (sagebrush, allheal, peasant's eye) under the same conditions. Activation of peroxidase and increase of the content of total proteins seemed to be the uniting mechanism for adaptation to high level salinization among the studied species..
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The objective of this study was to evaluate and quantify the magnitude of the genotype x environment interaction effects on wheat grain yield and to determine the winning genotype for the test environment. During ten years (2003-2013), 44... more
The objective of this study was to evaluate and quantify the magnitude of the genotype x environment interaction effects on wheat grain yield and to determine the winning genotype for the test environment. During ten years (2003-2013), 44 wheat cultivars from six Balkan countries were tested at three locations (Skopje, Strumica and Prilep) in Republic of Macedonia. The average grain yield data were subjected to the GGE biplot analysis. These analysis depicted the adaptation pattern of genotypes at different locations and discrimination ability of testing locations. Genotypes 27, 28 and 21 had the highest average yield and were the most stable genotypes. Out of the three locations, Strumica was identified as the most discriminative and representative location.
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Future crop production is predicted to face significant challenges from salinity stress due to secondary salinization. Therefore future-proofing crop production in these conditions is an essential path towards addressing food security. We... more
Future crop production is predicted to face significant challenges from salinity stress due to secondary salinization. Therefore future-proofing crop production in these conditions is an essential path towards addressing food security. We evaluated the effect of irrigation with water of 0, 4 and 8 ppt salinity on growth, biomass partitioning, WUE and chlorophyll fluorescence of Vernonia hymenolepis A.Rich as ameliorated by fertilization with three levels of NPK20:10:10. Data were analysed for variance using the General Linear Model ANOVA procedure, after positive tests for normality and homogeneity of variance. Means were separated through the Dunnett test. Pearson Correlation was done to determine relationship between variables and these were spatially projected using the Factor Analysis procedure, without rotation. Under fertilization at 8 g NPK20:10:10 per plant, growth was stimulated by salinity increase to 4 ppt (35.43cm) compared to 30.43cm for control plants. Fertilizer application significantly improv ed all the biomass fractions of plants irrigated with water of 4 ppt relative to the control, while root:shoot ratios were highest for unfertilized plants indicating resource reallocation to roots for better foraging. Chlorophyll fluorescence ranged between 0.716 and 0.727 and did not differ significantly across treatments. These values indicate that all treatments were under stress, including control plants. Values of WUE and RGR indicate that fertilization of plants irrigated with water of 4ppt salinity enhances growth and Harvest Index of V. hymenolepis, in spite of the registered stress. This is significant to future food security.
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Faba bean is an important crop in Egypt both for human and animal consumption. This experiment includes 8 promising lines and 4 varieties of faba bean genotypes (Vicia faba L.) was carried out at Giza Research Station, ARC during the... more
Faba bean is an important crop in Egypt both for human and animal consumption. This experiment includes 8 promising lines and 4 varieties of faba bean genotypes (Vicia faba L.) was carried out at Giza Research Station, ARC during the winter seasons of 2018 and 2019 to identify and discriminate these genotypes. Biochemical analysis including (ISSR-PCR) technique, SDS-PAGE and Isozymes analysis were tested in leaves. By using Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR-PCR) technique, it was possible to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of the 12 faba bean genotypes included in this study. A total of 51 amplified bands were generated with five ISSR primers, of which 48 (92.3%) were polymorphic which represent a relatively high polymorphism level. Moreover, the patterns of leaf protein were studied using SDS-PAGE. It was found that each genotype was characterized by a protein with specific molecular weight. Isozymes analysis using Peroxidase and Poly phenyl oxidase results revealed that, differences in the density of bands can be used to successfully identify and characterize these faba bean genotypes.
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A survey on adoption levels of the existing soil nitrogen replenishing technologies amongst farmers in three counties in western Kenya was carried out in June 2011. Three farmer associations were Angurai Farmers Development Project... more
A survey on adoption levels of the existing soil nitrogen replenishing technologies amongst farmers in three counties in western Kenya was carried out in June 2011. Three farmer associations were Angurai Farmers Development Project (AFDEP), Bungoma Small-Scale Farmers Forum (BUSSFFO) and Mwangaza Farmer Group (MFAGRO). During the survey 223 farmers were interviewed with roughly a half of the households surveyed being members of farmer associations (FAs) and the other half being non-members, who acted as the control. Stratified random sampling technique was used. A repeated measures Analysis of Variance (RM – ANOVA) showed that various soil nitrogen replenishment technologies were adopted to various degrees, F (4.39, 855.43) =23.36, p<.001). The findings of this study indicated that the available technologies most extensively used in the study area were the use of inorganic fertilisers (DAP), planting of improved legumes processing, Lab lab, Push Pull, and Super 2 Package. In second place, were technologies such as seed inoculation, foliar feed use, top dressing fertiliser (CAN) and use of improved legumes. The least used technologies were found to be Ua Kayongo (IR seed), MBILI intercropping, fortified compost, and use of Farm yard manure and liming. The results also indicated that generally, adoption of technologies was higher amongst farmer association members compared with non-members regardless of the county. Bungoma County had significantly highest level of technology adoption level compared to both Busia and Vihiga. Adoption of soil technologies was also found to be positively correlated with farmers’ educational level but inversely related with their age.
Research Interests:
By: Coffi Franck Diider Adou, Jean-Baptiste Aman, Mamadou Karamoko, Atcho Ochoumou Key Words: Food, Breeding, Growth, Mollusc Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 15(5), 13-27, November 2019. Achatina fulica snails from two environments (Natural... more
By: Coffi Franck Diider Adou, Jean-Baptiste Aman, Mamadou Karamoko, Atcho Ochoumou
Key Words: Food, Breeding, Growth, Mollusc
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 15(5), 13-27, November 2019.
Achatina fulica snails from two environments (Natural and Breeding) were subjected to two diets, one based on green fodder and the other based in the form of concentrate flour in order to evaluate linear growth. Thus, at the end of this study, we testify that Achatina fulica in the natural environment as well as in the breeding environment has a lower linear growth at the level of l/w; l/h relationship. Then, it grows less in width and height than in length. However, in terms of the height-width relationship, the linear growth is greater in the breeding environment than in the natural environment where Achatina fulica has a lower growth. With regard to weight growth, it should be testified that Achatina fulica generally gains less weight than it grows in length regardless of environment, either in natural environment or in breeding environment where snails are fed on concentrate.
Key Words: Food, Breeding, Growth, Mollusc
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 15(5), 13-27, November 2019.
Achatina fulica snails from two environments (Natural and Breeding) were subjected to two diets, one based on green fodder and the other based in the form of concentrate flour in order to evaluate linear growth. Thus, at the end of this study, we testify that Achatina fulica in the natural environment as well as in the breeding environment has a lower linear growth at the level of l/w; l/h relationship. Then, it grows less in width and height than in length. However, in terms of the height-width relationship, the linear growth is greater in the breeding environment than in the natural environment where Achatina fulica has a lower growth. With regard to weight growth, it should be testified that Achatina fulica generally gains less weight than it grows in length regardless of environment, either in natural environment or in breeding environment where snails are fed on concentrate.
Research Interests:
Achatina fulica snails from two environments (Natural and Breeding) were subjected to two diets, one based on green fodder and the other based in the form of concentrate flour in order to evaluate linear growth. Thus, at the end of this... more
Achatina fulica snails from two environments (Natural and Breeding) were subjected to two diets, one based on green fodder and the other based in the form of concentrate flour in order to evaluate linear growth. Thus, at the end of this study, we testify that Achatina fulica in the natural environment as well as in the breeding environment has a lower linear growth at the level of l/w; l/h relationship. Then, it grows less in width and height than in length. However, in terms of the height-width relationship, the linear growth is greater in the breeding environment than in the natural environment where Achatina fulica has a lower growth. With regard to weight growth, it should be testified that Achatina fulica generally gains less weight than it grows in length regardless of environment, either in natural environment or in breeding environment where snails are fed on concentrate.
Research Interests: Agronomy, Food Science, Horticulture, Research Methodology, Open Access, and 14 moreOpen Access Publishing, Organic agriculture, Sustainable agriculture, Plant Biology, Breeding, Food and Nutrition, Agriculture, Agronomy (Biology), Plant breeding and genetics, Growth, Call for Papers, Mollusc, Mollusca, and Agri food
N Wheat (Triticum astevium) production in Kenya has been severely affected by stem rust Ug99 and its related race groups. The consequence of not controlling this disease is steep decline in the crop production thus creating food... more
N Wheat (Triticum astevium) production in Kenya has been severely affected by stem rust Ug99 and its related race groups. The consequence of not controlling this disease is steep decline in the crop production thus creating food insecurity to over 70% of the small-scale holder farmers who depend on it as a source of food as well as income. The causative agent of the disease Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici (Pgt) has been studied by researchers globally because of its rapid evolution of races within lineage overcoming existing resistant genes. Understanding the population structure will highlight the predominant race(s) as well as their geographical distribution. This information is required to enable breeding for resistant wheat varieties. The objective of this study was to characterize the population structure of Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici population in 2015. Using 10pgt Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers 104 single uredenial-pustule samples were analysed. Minimum spanning network pattern was composed of five Simple Sequence Repeats multi-locus genotypes (SSR-MLGs) that were organized around three nodes based on samples chosen from wheat growing fields with the reference isolates; races TTKSK and TKTTF. In addition to this, non-parametric DAPC analysis showed the presence of single population made up of two predominant races from clade I (Ug99 race group) and clade IV-B (race TKTTF/TTTTF). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) according to Bayesian Information Criterion showed clustering was majorly based within populations (0.576%) rather than among clusters (0.441%).
Research Interests:
By: A. Sutopo, Yuliyanto Key Words: Terra preta, Pyrolysis, Corn Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 16(1), 16-21, January 2020. Abstract Terra preta is a black soil found in the Amazon basin in the 15th century with the main characteristics of... more
By: A. Sutopo, Yuliyanto
Key Words: Terra preta, Pyrolysis, Corn
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 16(1), 16-21, January 2020.
Abstract
Terra preta is a black soil found in the Amazon basin in the 15th century with the main characteristics of black and loose has the nature of resistant to leaching, able to provide and maintain nutrients in a very long time, whereas in Indonesia the availability of such land has not yet existed so it is necessary to make and apply terra preta soil with mineral soil base material mixed with charcoal, bones burned with pyrolysis combustion system and other organic materials. In enriching microorganisms, mycorrhizal fungi are added which function to increase nutrient absorption, increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, able to maintain growth and production stability. The study aims to determine the effect of the application of terra preta planting media with pyrolysis combustion systems on the growth and production of corn plants using polybags. The results showed that the application of terra preta in general had a good effect on the growth and production of corn compared to plants that only used mineral soil or control media. Application of T1: 100% terra preta treatment on observations of plant height and stem diameter showed the best treatment. On observation of the number of leaves, of wet weight and dry weight of root, canopy, corn seed, corn cob and corn husk of T5 treatment: mineral soil + 15gr mycorrhizae + 80% terra preta showed the best treatment.
A. Sutopo, Yuliyanto.
The effect of Terra preta media using pirolysis system on growth and production of corn (Zea mays L).
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 16(1), 16-21, January 2020.
https://innspub.net/ijaar/effect-terra-preta-media-using-pirolysis-system-growth-production-corn-zea-mays-l/
Key Words: Terra preta, Pyrolysis, Corn
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 16(1), 16-21, January 2020.
Abstract
Terra preta is a black soil found in the Amazon basin in the 15th century with the main characteristics of black and loose has the nature of resistant to leaching, able to provide and maintain nutrients in a very long time, whereas in Indonesia the availability of such land has not yet existed so it is necessary to make and apply terra preta soil with mineral soil base material mixed with charcoal, bones burned with pyrolysis combustion system and other organic materials. In enriching microorganisms, mycorrhizal fungi are added which function to increase nutrient absorption, increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, able to maintain growth and production stability. The study aims to determine the effect of the application of terra preta planting media with pyrolysis combustion systems on the growth and production of corn plants using polybags. The results showed that the application of terra preta in general had a good effect on the growth and production of corn compared to plants that only used mineral soil or control media. Application of T1: 100% terra preta treatment on observations of plant height and stem diameter showed the best treatment. On observation of the number of leaves, of wet weight and dry weight of root, canopy, corn seed, corn cob and corn husk of T5 treatment: mineral soil + 15gr mycorrhizae + 80% terra preta showed the best treatment.
A. Sutopo, Yuliyanto.
The effect of Terra preta media using pirolysis system on growth and production of corn (Zea mays L).
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 16(1), 16-21, January 2020.
https://innspub.net/ijaar/effect-terra-preta-media-using-pirolysis-system-growth-production-corn-zea-mays-l/
Research Interests:
N Wheat (Triticum astevium) production in Kenya has been severely affected by stem rust Ug99 and its related race groups. The consequence of not controlling this disease is steep decline in the crop production thus creating food... more
N Wheat (Triticum astevium) production in Kenya has been severely affected by stem rust Ug99 and its related race groups. The consequence of not controlling this disease is steep decline in the crop production thus creating food insecurity to over 70% of the small-scale holder farmers who depend on it as a source of food as well as income. The causative agent of the disease Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici (Pgt) has been studied by researchers globally because of its rapid evolution of races within lineage overcoming existing resistant genes. Understanding the population structure will highlight the predominant race(s) as well as their geographical distribution. This information is required to enable breeding for resistant wheat varieties. The objective of this study was to characterize the population structure of Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici population in 2015. Using 10pgt Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers 104 single uredenial-pustule samples were analysed. Minimum spanning network pattern was composed of five Simple Sequence Repeats multi-locus genotypes (SSR-MLGs) that were organized around three nodes based on samples chosen from wheat growing fields with the reference isolates; races TTKSK and TKTTF. In addition to this, non-parametric DAPC analysis showed the presence of single population made up of two predominant races from clade I (Ug99 race group) and clade IV-B (race TKTTF/TTTTF). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) according to Bayesian Information Criterion showed clustering was majorly based within populations (0.576%) rather than among clusters (0.441%).
Research Interests:
Three experiments were conducted at the Agronomy farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh, at 2015 to 2016 to increase cropping productivity by inclusion of green manure in existing cropping pattern, monetary advantages... more
Three experiments were conducted at the Agronomy farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh, at 2015 to 2016 to increase cropping productivity by inclusion of green manure in existing cropping pattern, monetary advantages and fertilizer economy as well. Total productivity of different cropping pattern was evaluated in terms of rice equivalent yield (REY) and it was calculated from yield of rice combined with yield of mustard (rice equivalent yield). The highest REY (9.60 t ha in 1 year) and (11.49 t ha in 2 year) was recorded from the cropping pattern; S. rostrata-T.aman-Mustard followed by C. juncea-T.aman-Mustard and S. aculeata-T.aman-Mustard respectively in 2015 and 2016. The lowest REY (6.02 t ha in 1 year) and (6.98 t ha in 2 year) was obtained from the cropping pattern; Fallow-T. Aman-Mustard. Inclusion of mustard during rabi season in S. rostrata (59.47% and 64.61% in 2015 and 2016 respectively) and C. juncea (41.47% and 49.14% in 2015 and 2016 respectively) increased REY that followed by V. unguiculata (45.70% and 54.15% in 2015 and 2016 respectively) and S. aculeata (40.86% and 32.0% for 2015 and 2016 respectively) compared to Fallow-T. Aman-Mustard cropping pattern. It is noted that inclusion of crops likes S. rostrata, C. juncea, S. aculeata and V. unguiculata showed higher REY than other crops as GM in GM-T. Aman-Mustard cropping pattern. The cost of production in situ green manure was lower than addition of similar quantities from external sources. This would also reduce the N requirement by 50% to obtain similar yields.
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The polyphenol phytochemical constituents have a positive impact on health and in the prevention of various diseases. The current study aimed at qualititative phytochemical analysis of Solanum torvum from Côte d’Ivoire, in order to... more
The polyphenol phytochemical constituents have a positive impact on health and in the prevention of various diseases. The current study aimed at qualititative phytochemical analysis of Solanum torvum from Côte d’Ivoire, in order to knowledge phenolic potential of plant for futurs reseachs. The leaves and fruits of Solanum torvum were collected in Daloa province of Côte d’Ivoire, dried, ground to powder and extracted using differents solvents. The dry extract purified was dissolved in methanol and filtered through a Millipore membrane with 0.22μm porosity. Then, each of extracts was further subjected to TLC and HPLC. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminium trichloride test, respectively. The results revealed that leaves extracts accumulated significantly higher phenolic content 86.07±1.49mg GAE/g DW and flavonoid content 2.51±0.14mg GAE/g DW than extracts fruits. The chromatography analyse showed eigteen compounds in fruits fraction and twenty compounds in leaves fraction. Chromatography identification conducted on ethyl acetate fraction revealed the presence of phenolics acid, flavonoids and coumaric acid. Most of identified compounds are already were isolated by previous phytochemical investigations on Solanum except arbutin, tannic acid and p-coumaric acid. These major active compounds have various biological activities and play a known role in maintaining good health. The results show Solanum from Côte d’Ivoire have the same abilities as other species in the world. The knowledge of phenolic profile of Solanum torvum from Côte d’Ivoire are very important for their authentication, conservation and utilization of biological resources.
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Field experiments were conducted in 2012 and 2013 rainy season to evaluate the agronomic response of soybean to first and second cropping season cultivation in different agro-climatic zones in Sierra Leone. The experimental design was a... more
Field experiments were conducted in 2012 and 2013 rainy season to evaluate the agronomic response of soybean to first and second cropping season cultivation in different agro-climatic zones in Sierra Leone. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in a split-plot arrangement with three replications. Cropping seasons (first and second) and soybean genotypes (TGx 1448-2E and TGx 1904-6F) were considered as the main and subplots respectively. Soybean seeds were planted on June 28 in the first season and September 05 in the second season. In both years, cropping season had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the agronomic traits of soybean in all the locations. Shifting soybean cultivation from the first to second cropping season significantly decreased field emergence by 40.5-47.4%, number of nodules per plant by 28.6-32.5%, above-ground biomass by 42.5-49.1%, maturity by 11-14 DAP, grain yield by 57.8-64.5% and seed size (small seeds: seed size factor > 21). However, germination percentage significantly increased by 102.7-127.7%. Based on these results, cropping season posed a trade-off between first season producing better plant growth and high grain yield and second cropping season producing good seeds. For grain and seed production, cultivation of soybean in different agro-climatic zones in Sierra Leone should be done in the first and second cropping season respectively.
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Characteristics of saline soil determine the rice yield along the seaboard. High concentration of dissolved salt decreases growth and rice yield. The study aimed to evaluate physical and chemical characteristics of saline soil in Sidoarjo... more
Characteristics of saline soil determine the rice yield along the seaboard. High concentration of dissolved salt decreases growth and rice yield. The study aimed to evaluate physical and chemical characteristics of saline soil in Sidoarjo and Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The result analysis of soil exchangeable Na + , K + , Ca ++ , and Mg ++ respectively was 0.8-1.94; 0.33-2.73; 16.32-20.4, 1.83-8.88 me.100g-1 .The value of soil pH was 7.35-7.55, EC value of soil was 0.64-1.83dS.m-1 , and the content of organic-C was between 1.1-2,4,6 %. The result of soil characterization was then crosschecked with the rice yield in saline soil by weighing dry rice grains per clump. The rice yield was 3-4.1 ton.ha-1 and negatively correlated to the exchangeable values of Na, SAR, bulk density and dust content. It was positively correlated with organic-C, fertilizer, exchangeableof Ca ++ , Mg ++ , and K + , as well as soil's CEC. The ratio value of Ca:Mgnamely2.2-8.2, and K:Mgnamely0.18-0.21 exceeded the limit of ideal value and caused low production. The rice yield was negatively correlated with the content of exchangeableNa + , values of pH and EC. It achieved more than 4 ton.ha-1 when added with 300-450 g.plant-1 of organic materials and 1.0-1.3 g.plant-1 of NPK.
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Brassica is an important oilseed crop. The genetic basis of plant height, no. of primary branches, no. of pods per plant, no. of pods per raceme, pod length, beak length and 1000 grain weight in brassica lines was estimated through... more
Brassica is an important oilseed crop. The genetic basis of plant height, no. of primary branches, no. of pods per plant, no. of pods per raceme, pod length, beak length and 1000 grain weight in brassica lines was estimated through combining ability by using line × tester (5 × 3) analysis. The presence of a significant difference in the means squares of analysis of variance indicated that all the genotypes genetically differed from each other for investigated traits. The super value of Ϭ²sca over Ϭ²gca revealed the presence of non-additive gene action for all studied parameters. The results for the gca effect concluded that BN3, BN4, and BC27 had higher gca effect for many traits. Lines exhibited greater contribution then testers for every trait except beak length. The F1 hybrid of BN3 × BC27 was superiors in sca effect for many of the investigated traits. The other best performing hybrids were BN3 × BC7, BN4 × BC27, BCAC × BC7, BCAC × BC27, BCAA × BC7, BCAA× BC27, and BC44 × BC7. This research described the importance of the non-additive type of gene action in brassica and suggested its use in the breeding programs for evaluating genetic variations. The study presented useful information about gene action for various yield controlling traits. Thus, concluded that the use of lines having superior gca and sca in the yield improvement plans for brassica will help in obtaining improved cultivars.
Research Interests: Agronomy, Horticulture, Research Methodology, Open Access, Open Access Publishing, and 11 moreEducational Research, Organic agriculture, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Biodiversity Research, Agronomy/crop science, General Combining Ability, Specific Combining Ability, Brassica, Gene Action, and Line X Tester Analysis
This study tested the influence of substrate type, size surface and application of IBA auxin on rooting of stem cutting leaf of Anonidium mannii, a wild fruit species with low seed germination rate. Two trials were conducted. The first... more
This study tested the influence of substrate type, size surface and application of IBA auxin on rooting of stem cutting leaf of Anonidium mannii, a wild fruit species with low seed germination rate. Two trials were conducted. The first tested three substrate types that are sand, wood sawdust and rice husks. We also tested combinations of these substrates (2:2), resulting in six treatments in a randomized complete block design. The second experiment compared different cutting leaf surfaces (12.5, 25 and 37.5cm 2) and auxins (IBA applied and not applied) in a split plot design. Using sand as substrate resulted in significantly higher rooting rates (62.1 ± 5.9%), while use of rice husks, even combined with other substrates, did not achieve any cutting rooting. Significant and non-significant differences were observed, respectively, with factors leaf area and auxin application. Highest rooting rates (26.70 ± 6.6%) were obtained with a leaf surface of 37.5cm² in combination with IBA application. Vegetative cutting propagation is possible for A. mannii, albeit with low rooting rates. Therefore, more targeted testing is required; addressing other parameters such as cutting type, season of cutting and increase of the leaf surface of cuttings.
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This research aims at analyzing the response of Aloe vera L. plant on cow manure and urea fertilizer in sandy soil. The research which was conducted in Yogyakarta has three treatments of 10, 20, and 30t ha-1 levels of cow manure and five... more
This research aims at analyzing the response of Aloe vera L. plant on cow manure and urea fertilizer in sandy soil. The research which was conducted in Yogyakarta has three treatments of 10, 20, and 30t ha-1 levels of cow manure and five levels of urea fertilizer at 0, 150, 300, 450, 600kg ha-1. The research arranged a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replication. The variables measured include yield, growth, and vitamin content. A huge effect was found (P < 0.05) between manure and urea. Statistic analysis significant of data was tested by analysis of variant and continued Duncan's Multiple Range Test of α < 5%. The highest yield and growth rate was located at 30t ha-1 and 450kg ha-1 , while the most significant content of pro-vitamin A, vitamin C and provitamin E were found in 30t ha-1 and 300kg ha-1. Therefore, it can be concluded that 30t ha-1 manure and 300 to 450kg ha-1 urea are best used to grow plants.
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Data of study was obtained from a milk company in Tekirdağ province of Turkey during June, July and August month. If the protein/fat ratio is less than 0.80 in milk, milk protein depression occurs. Protein/fat data were analyzed by one... more
Data of study was obtained from a milk company in Tekirdağ province of Turkey during June, July and August month. If the protein/fat ratio is less than 0.80 in milk, milk protein depression occurs. Protein/fat data were analyzed by one sample t test was made to compare differences (p<0.05) between means of months and reference value (0.80 = protein depression threshold) with help of the SPSS 18.0. Milk protein/fat means of June (0.89), July (0.88) and August (0.91) months were higher than reference value (0.80). According to results obtained from all months, it can be said that there were no protein depression during summer season in conventional milk. This study should be repeated for all season of year. The dairy product manufacturers must be careful about protein depression in milk obtained from different season for achieving maximum profit.
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Common bean is the most important pulse crop in Kenya, though small scale farmers have limited access to pest resistant seeds. This has therefore made common bean yields remain below 1000kgha-1 , while the potential is 2000kgha-1. However... more
Common bean is the most important pulse crop in Kenya, though small scale farmers have limited access to pest resistant seeds. This has therefore made common bean yields remain below 1000kgha-1 , while the potential is 2000kgha-1. However phenolics are secondary metabolites present in plants and this could be an attribute contributing to common beans resistance to bean fly infestation. The objective of this study was to devise effective ways of managing bean fly by use of phenolic content present in commercial varieties of common beans. This was achieved by determining the total phenol content of the beans. The bean varieties were; KK 8, Tasha, KK 15 (Resistant check), Chelalang, Wairimu dwarf, Ciankui, GLP 585, Miezi mbili, GLP 2 (Susceptible check), GLP 1004, GLP 24, and GLP 1127. Experimental design was RCBD with three replications. Data collected were subjected to ANOVA, mean values were separated using LSD at 5% level of significance. Chelalang, Tasha, GLP 1004, KK 8, GLP 585 a nd KK 15 showed resistance and high yields. Phenol content was significant (P< 0.05) in resistant common bean varieties (KK8, Tasha, Chelalang, GLP 585, KK15, and GLP 1004). The common beans which showed significant resistance to bean fly had significant (P< 0.05) high yields of above 1000Kgha-1. Therefore from the study it was evident that presence of phenol content in common beans deters bean fly infestation.
Research Interests:
Use of inorganic fertilizers constitutes 20% of the rice production cost in Mwea. Azolla fern, which grows in Mwea Irrigation paddies, has the potential to supplement the nitrogen requirement, thus reducing the fertilizer costs. A field... more
Use of inorganic fertilizers constitutes 20% of the rice production cost in Mwea. Azolla fern, which grows in Mwea Irrigation paddies, has the potential to supplement the nitrogen requirement, thus reducing the fertilizer costs. A field experiment was conducted in Mwea Irrigation Scheme during 2015 long and short rains to determine the effect of Azolla incorporation and inorganic nitrogen on growth and yield of rice. The treatments comprised three nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 30 and 60kg N ha-1) and three Azolla biomass levels (0, 7.5 and 15tons ha-1) laid out in a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement. Data on plant height and number of tillers per plant were collected at 21, 35, 45, and 65 and 75 days after transplanting rice while yield and yield components were determined at 120 days after transplanting rice. Soil was analysed for N, P and K, before and after termination of the experiment. Data were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS and means separated using the least significant difference test at p ≤ 0.05. Azolla incorporation significantly increased residual soil phosphorus, grain weight, % grain filling and grain yield. Inorganic nitrogen significantly increased plant height, tiller numbers, neck node, and panicle length, number of panicle m-2 and grain yield. Grain yield increase from Azolla treatment ranged from 5 to 42% compared to that of inorganic nitrogen which ranged from 18 to 36%. Application of 15t ha-1 of Azolla biomass recorded the highest yield, however, it was not significantly different from that of 7.5t ha-1 .
Research Interests: Agronomy, Horticulture, Research Methodology, Open Access Publishing, Educational Research, and 11 moreOrganic agriculture, Agriculture, Agronomy/crop science, Call for Papers, Nitrogen, Azolla as cattle feed, Azolla, Nitrogen Fertilization, Grain Yield, Rice wheat Cropping System, and Rice Cropping System
The objective of the test is to determine the best formula of the NPK elements for two local varieties improved of corn. The studied plant material is composed of local populations improved P1, P2. The factorial test is driven with two P1... more
The objective of the test is to determine the best formula of the NPK elements for two local varieties improved of corn. The studied plant material is composed of local populations improved P1, P2. The factorial test is driven with two P1 varieties, P2 and four doses of NPK according to an experimental device in blocks of Fischer to four blocks. The doses of 20-10-10, 30-15-15, 10-5-5 and 40-20-20 correspond respectively to the T1 treatments, T2, T3 and T4. On the T2 (2,073 m ± 0,009) P1 is observed of the heights raised of stem. The T4 (1, 85 m ± 0,173) recorded a stem raise of P2. The T2 (30, 75 ± 1,500) P1 reached the highest number of grains in a row. The T1 (30, 75 ± 1,258) P2 got high number of grains in a row. Greater number of grains in an ear is observed on T3 (520 ± 15,491) of P1. The greatest number of grains per ear is noted on the T2 (510,5 ± 10,630) of P2. The T2 (4, 20 t ha-1 ± 0,12) P1 recorded better outputs in grains. The T1 (4,035 t ha-1 ± 1,831) P2 got the best output in grains. The corresponding T2 to the dose (30-15-15) could be kept for the P1. The corresponding T1 to the dose (20-10-10) could be recommended for the P2 to increase the productivity of corn in the zone of survey.
Research Interests:
Mount Katayagan, the tallest peak in the Agoo Mountain Range of the Province of La Union, Philippines, is a crucial yet understudied natural resource. This research addresses the biodiversity gap in non-protected areas like Mt. Katayagan,... more
Mount Katayagan, the tallest peak in the Agoo Mountain Range of the Province of La Union, Philippines, is a crucial yet understudied natural resource. This research addresses the biodiversity gap in non-protected areas like Mt. Katayagan, emphasizing its role as a watershed, supplying water for irrigation and households, and providing essential commodities such as fruits and timbers. Despite its ecological and economic significance, there is a lack of research on Mt. Katayagan’s biodiversity. This study aims to fill this gap by conducting a comprehensive flora assessment, identifying land cover types, forest formation, stand maturity and dominant upper canopy species. Using the “Terrestrial Ecosystem Biodiversity and Assessment Monitoring Manual,” the research reveals Mt. Katayagan’s predominantly closed forest with characteristics of a secondary-growth tropical moist deciduous forest. Pterocarpus indicus (narra) emerges as the dominant upper canopy species with an Importance Value of 20.85 percent. This research provides essential baseline data for environmental protection laws and emphasizes the urgent need for collaborative conservation efforts involving local communities, government bodies, and research institutions to safeguard Mt. Katayagan’s unique biodiversity.
Research Interests:
In order to evaluate the effects of insecticides residues in soil substrates on the biology cycle of Aedes aegypti, we conducted a study in three ecological zones: urban areas (Dandji, southern Benin with few agriculture activities), peri... more
In order to evaluate the effects of insecticides residues in soil substrates on the biology cycle of Aedes aegypti, we conducted a study in three ecological zones: urban areas (Dandji, southern Benin with few agriculture activities), peri urban areas (Awaya, central of Benin with agriculture practices), and forests (Kaoura, northern Benin with few agriculture activities). These areas were chosen because they provided an ideal environment for the development of Aedes aegypti. The purpose of this study is to look for insecticide residues that may have detrimental impacts on the biology cycle of A. aegypti. Indirect bioassays were used to investigate the factors affecting mosquito larvae’s ability to develop normally at breeding sites, their rate of growth, and their ability to produce an adequate number of larvae. Due to the absence of an HPLC equipment for the direct detection of pesticide residues in samples, A. aegypti larvae at breeding sites were reconstituted using water and soil samples obtained at each study site. A comparison of the larval growth in test breeding locations was made using the reference strain SBE as a control. The different bioassays demonstrate the existence of inhibitory elements on test materials. In control samples, larval development was observed to be normal. However, when the breeding sites were established with just a few grams of soil samples from the three study sites, it was found that the A. aegypti eggs had a poor hatching rate, along with sluggish larval development and a low production of adult mosquitoes from hatched eggs. The findings of this study indicate that toxic substances that prevent A. aegypti eggs from hatching and larvae from growing are most likely leftover pesticides from agricultural operations. In order to quantify the toxic factors likely to affect the biology parameters of A. aegypti cited above, these results must be validated using HPLC techniques.
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Nine hundred juveniles of Archachatina marginata aged about two weeks, with an average live weight of 2.25 g with an average shell length of 20.12mm were monitored in culture for six (6) months on five types of substrates [S1 (soil... more
Nine hundred juveniles of Archachatina marginata aged about two weeks, with an average live weight of 2.25 g with an average shell length of 20.12mm were monitored in culture for six (6) months on five types of substrates [S1 (soil collected in a cassava plantation: Manihot sp.), S2 (S1 with 10% oyster shell meal), S3 (S1 with 10% sawdust), S4 (S1 with 5% oyster shell meal and 5% sawdust) and S5 (uncultivated forest soil). Four diets including two industrial (D1 and D 2 of 12% and 16% calcium respectively) and two based on fodder (D3 and D4 based on leaves and fruit of the papaya (Carica papaya) on the one hand and a mixture of papaya leaves and taro (Xanthosoma maffafa) on the other hand, were used. In order to determine the best combinations inducing the best growth performance, 20 combinations were formed at the rate of 45 spat for each combination; three replicas of 15 spat each. This study showed that the combination of diet and livestock substrate influences the growth of Archachatina marginata. Although the best feed is D1 (74.68 g and 7.94cm) and the best substrate is S2 (77.12 g and 7.79cm), the best combinations are D2S3 (69.37 g and 7.47cm), D1S4 (74.68 g and 7.94cm and D4S2 (77.12 g and 7.79cm). The combined effect of the high level of dietary calcium and that of the culture substrate does not promote good growth of snails. This work will help improve the production of African giant snails and provide important data for anyone wishing to engage in the breeding of these animals.
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Amylases are starch hydrolyzing enzymes important in normal daily life and industry. There are different sources of amylase production however, enzymes derived from microorganisms are cheaper and thermos table among other features. The... more
Amylases are starch hydrolyzing enzymes important in normal daily life and industry. There are different sources of amylase production however, enzymes derived from microorganisms are cheaper and thermos table among other features. The aim of this work was to isolate amylase producing bacteria from soil contaminated with cassava water effluents and to find out environmental/ optimization of amylase production. Soil samples were collected from four different sites. A total of 50 bacterial were isolated form soil samples, 14 showed area of clear zones on starch medium. Isolates that gave maximum yield of amylase were identified molecularly. The isolates were optimized for carbon sources, pH, nitrogen sources, incubation time, agro waste and chlorides. Biochemical and molecular analysis showed that Citrobacter sp and Enterobacter cloaca showed higher amylase activity. Glucose, nitrate, pH 7.0, magnesium chloride and temperature of 25 o C produced maximum amylase. Plantain peel was the agro water that produced more amylase enzyme.
Research Interests: Microbiology, Environmental Science, Soil Science, Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, and 15 moreOpen Access, Educational Research, Computational Biology, Biotechnology, Biodiversity, Environmental Sustainability, Environmental Soil Science, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Biodiversity Conservation, Environmental Sciences, Soil Erosion, Bacteria, Call for Papers, Characterization, and Amylase
Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is the rate at which biomass accumulate per unit area per time, minus amount of organic materials used for autotrophic respiration. This study aimed at determines the influence of edaphic fertility on... more
Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is the rate at which biomass accumulate per unit area per time, minus amount of organic materials used for autotrophic respiration. This study aimed at determines the influence of edaphic fertility on herbaceous NPP. Soil samples were collected using soil auger at 0-15cm depth, and chemical parameters were analysed using standard methods. NPP was determined in 400 (1m x 1m) randomly selected quadrats, by clipping aboveground biomass of central 20cmx20cm quadrats and digging 40cm depth for collecting belowground biomass using hands and forceps. Fresh biomasses were oven dried at 65 0 C for 2days. Soil chemical properties were statistically significantly (P<0.05) higher in Site A, with pH (7.31±1.57), N (0.16±0.05%), P (12.33±0.93), Na (0.13±0.10), Mg (0.85±0.21), Ca (6.33±0.31), CEC (7.35±0.61), OC and OM had 0.45±0.02% and 0.77±0.01% respectively, but highest value of K (0.17±0.01) was recorded in Site D. ANPP shows a gradual increase from 15.00±2.5gm-2 /month in June to 154.03±11.23gm-2 /month in September, while BNPP ranges from 7.34±1.22gm-2 /month in June to 62.81±6.39gm-2 /month in October and the results was significant between the months (p<0.05). Between the Sites NPP varies significantly (P= 0.0198) and increase in the following trends; C<D<B<A with 138.8±10.01gm-2 /month), 142.73±13.55gm-2 /month, 148.5±8.51gm-2 /month, 189.54±14.67gm-2 /month respectively while BNPP was not statistically significant between the study Sites (P= 0.282). NPP is higher in edaphic fertile and neutral to slightly basic soil (pH= 7.31±1.57) than strongly acidic or basic soil. Further research on NPP of the most dominant species and the effect of climatic variables on NPP should be conducted.
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Nutrient pollution significantly threatens ecosystem health globally and is aggravated by anthropogenic activities. In this case, algae grow faster than the ecosystem can handle. Apart from other reported effects, some algae blooms are... more
Nutrient pollution significantly threatens ecosystem health globally and is aggravated by anthropogenic activities. In this case, algae grow faster than the ecosystem can handle. Apart from other reported effects, some algae blooms are toxic and produce toxins, leading to the deterioration of ecosystem health. These blooms are becoming prevalent, hence the possibility of increased diseases to the entire ecosystem and unsustainability. In many parts of the world, nutrient contamination poses a significant hazard to human health and the ecosystem. Effects of excessive nutrients in the environment include excessive growth of algae. Apart from the difficulties of handling excess nitrogen in the air that make it difficult to breathe, reduce visibility, affect plant growth, a recently reported altering the gut microbiome of a territorial reef fish. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the nutrient (nitrate and phosphate) contamination in the Sub-Saharan African environment in various matrices including water, groundwater, wastewater, soil, sediments and surface waters to inform policy. In this case, this study investigates the status of nutrient pollution in Sub Saharan Africa, the potential source of nutrient pollution, the reported effects of nutrient pollution; How to overcome nutrient pollution in the environment. Among the measures recommended for nutrient, pollution management includes decreased use of fertilizers and pesticides or organic farming and considerations during the choice of detergents, soaps and household cleaners to nutrient-free products for environmental conservation.
Research Interests: Research Methodology, Open Access, Open Access Publishing, East Africa, Biodiversity, and 14 moreEcosystem health, Fate and Transport of Emerging Contaminants, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Literature Review, Biodiversity Conservation, Environmental Sciences, Nitrate, Nutrient Pollution Indicator, Phosphate solubilization, Emerging Contaminants, Open-Access, Phosphates, Phosphate, and Nutrient Pollution
Understanding land use/cover changes is one of the key issues in addressing environmental sustainability. This study used time-series satellite images to classify land use/cover changes in three wards in Simanjiro district. Further,... more
Understanding land use/cover changes is one of the key issues in addressing environmental sustainability. This study used time-series satellite images to classify land use/cover changes in three wards in Simanjiro district. Further, random sampling techniques were used to interview communities on the knowledge and impacts of land use changes. The findings show expansion in agricultural land and barren lands by 72.5% and 51.8%, respectively. The results further show that woodland, shrubland grassland decreas ed by 62.86% and 34.99%, respectively. The major drivers for the observed changes are population increased and which results from immigration, creating high pressure on land resources over the study area, resulting in loss of grazing land and water resources for livestock and domestic use. Other drivers are inadequate land use plans and land trading. The total blockage of the grazing routes due to the expansion of agricultural land may spark conflict between farmers and pastoral groups. Initiatives taken by the pastoral communities include migration to wetland areas, pasture restoration, buying hay, destocking, and keeping resistant breeds. However, the need for modern livestock keeping with small productive herds is proposed in this study. The findings of this study are useful in advancing the strategies towards maintaining a balance between environmental conservation and resource utilization.
Research Interests: Remote Sensing, Tanzanian Studies, Environmental Remote Sensing, Tanzania, Remote sensing and GIS, and 8 moreLand Use Change, Land use/ land cover change studies, Population density estimates of some species of wild ungulates in Simanjiro plains, northern, Agricultural land use change, Grazing land, Remote Sensing and GIS applications in Forestry, Land-use/ Land-cover Change, and Community Services and Pastoral Care
The study was conducted to demonstrate the performance of four varieties of glutinous corn during wet season in the province of Cagayan, in terms of agronomic and economic characteristics. Specifically, it aimed to find out the best... more
The study was conducted to demonstrate the performance of four varieties of glutinous corn during wet season in the province of Cagayan, in terms of agronomic and economic characteristics. Specifically, it aimed to find out the best suited corn variety under CSU Lal-lo condition during wet season in terms of: (a) plant height (cm); (b) length of corn ear (cm); (c) rows per ear; (d) ear diameter; (e) weight of 1000 kernels dried and fresh (g); (f) yield per plot (kg) and cost and return analysis. The treatments were: T1 (Lagkitan), T2 (Nutri Lyt), T3 (Batik) and T4 (Purple gem). These were randomly allocated in the different plots following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The result of the study did not show significant difference in terms of plant height (cm) at 30 days, plant height (cm) at 60 days, length (cm) of corn ear, weight (g) of 1000 dried kernels, weight (g) of 1000 fresh kernels and yield (kg) per plot. However, it showed significant difference in terms of number of row per ear and ear diameter. Results further shows that purple gem produced the highest number of rows per ear and widest ear diameter. In terms of ROI, all the treatments showed positive ROI but the highest was gained by Treatment 4 (purple gem) with 297. 29%.
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The Accelerated rate of soil erosion is a severe and continuous endemic environmental problem of the farmers in Barangay Adtuyon. The present study of soil erosion is carried out in the upper stream of Muleta watershed of Pangantucan,... more
The Accelerated rate of soil erosion is a severe and continuous endemic environmental problem of the farmers in Barangay Adtuyon. The present study of soil erosion is carried out in the upper stream of Muleta watershed of Pangantucan, Bukidnon locally called Bong-bong sub-watershed. It is fact that the surface runoff of seasonal rainfall is intense in this area due to its sloping terrain characteristics. Average annual soil erosion has been estimated based on the five parameters defined in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and with the help of Geographical Information Technology. Overlay of five parameters, rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodibility factor (K), slope length and steepness factor (LS), cover and management factor (C) and support and conservation’s practices factor (P) has been done in GIS platform. Predicted average annual soil erosion of the sub-watershed has been classified using three land uses of the of the study site. The resulting simulated maps by RUSLE was derived indicating spatial variability of soil erosion within the perimeter of each study site. The soil erosion in Bong-bong sub-watershed based on simulated findings of the RUSLE model ranges from 0-400 ton/year. This indicates that the area is prone to soil erosion as contributed by the five erosion factors identified by RUSLE model. A spatial map was generated presenting the erosion in the whole sub-watershed. Statistical analysis showed very good model results acquiring <.50 RSR value comparing the field erosion measurements to the RUSLE-GIS simulated results.
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A study was conducted at six important markets of Kokrajhar, Assam in northeastern India, which are mostly run by local ethnic tribes and rich in wild phyto-resources of various ethno-botanical importances. The study was conducted during... more
A study was conducted at six important markets of Kokrajhar, Assam in northeastern India, which are mostly run by local ethnic tribes and rich in wild phyto-resources of various ethno-botanical importances. The study was conducted during 2017-2018 to find out the important edible phyto-resources which are consumed daily by the local people of Kokrajhar. Regular surveys were conducted at the selected markets at least three times a month. A total of 90 species of traditional and wild edible plants belonging to 81 genera and 52 families have been recorded. The study provides information on their botanical name, family, vernacular name, frequency, habit, biological status, plant parts used, mode of use and also the rate of the plant resources observed. These wild phyto-resources are mainly collected from Charaikhola Wildlife Sanctuary and adjacent areas. Many wild phyto-resources are found to have immense potential as NTFP. Therefore, it is suggested that the high diversity of wild edible phyto-resources needs to be conserved for livelihood sustenance of the local communities and further studies are required for the management of wild forest resources to be exploited continuously by the local people.
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Urbanization is increasing rapidly in all parts of the world to accommodate the increasing human population but it is having a drastic effect on native flora and fauna. The present study was carried out across a three stage urbanization... more
Urbanization is increasing rapidly in all parts of the world to accommodate the increasing human population but it is having a drastic effect on native flora and fauna. The present study was carried out across a three stage urbanization gradient in and around the city of Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. Observations were made from September 2019 to February 2021 at the selected three sites during COVID 19 pandemic. Point count method was used for bird surveys and Sound pressure (Noise) measurements were made across the three selected sites. The Avian diversity was measured by total species richness, Fisher's alpha diversity index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. The Urban centre recorded the highest sound pressure and lowest Avian species richness but as we moved away from the urban centre the noise levels reduced and the avain species richness increased towards the rural areas. This is mainly due to many avian species avoiding urban areas because of increasing noise levels. We also found that the urban bird community is dominated by a few species whereas the rural bird community was much more diverse.
Research Interests: Research Methodology, Educational Research, Case Study Research, Biodiversity, Environmental Sustainability, and 11 moreBiodiversity Research, Environmental Sciences, Noise Pollution, Urban Birds Ecology, Urban Rural Birds, Urban noise, Anthropogenic Noise, Jbes, innspub, Covid-19, and Coronavirus COVID-19
Tuguegarao City, a lone city in Cagayan province, is situated in a low-lying area and is frequently flooded during rainy seasons and typhoons. The three core shelters erected in the city are home to 250 indigent families who were... more
Tuguegarao City, a lone city in Cagayan province, is situated in a low-lying area and is frequently flooded during rainy seasons and typhoons. The three core shelters erected in the city are home to 250 indigent families who were beneficiaries of the housing program through the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). This research delved into profiling the core shelters in the barangays of Cataggaman Pardo, Annafunan East, and Namabbalan as to their general characteristics and environmental conditions. The findings reveal that while the core shelters are generally livable, there are areas of concern that need to be immediately addressed to improve the living experiences of its residents and can be a basis in planning for the possible construction of core shelters in the near future. The areas of concern are poor drainage system, inaccessibility to the main roads, transportation and health establishments, unpaved roads, overcrowding, and poor structural conditions of the housing units. It is recommended that a rapid assessment of the houses in the core shelters be conducted by the local government units spearheaded by the core shelter officials. An evaluation of the health and wellness condition of its dwellers must likewise commence.
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This study was conducted to assess and optimize the conveyance performance of major irrigation systems in the case of the NIA-Magat River Integrated Irrigation System in the Philippines. Options Analysis in Irrigation System (OASIS) was... more
This study was conducted to assess and optimize the conveyance performance of major irrigation systems in the case of the NIA-Magat River Integrated Irrigation System in the Philippines. Options Analysis in Irrigation System (OASIS) was used to evaluate and optimize the conveyance efficiency of the system. Management and modernization scenarios were undertaken in the irrigation system assuming that the rehabilitation projects exerted efforts on improving efficiencies and reduced losses in the conveyance and distribution systems. Based on the results, the actual condition of the irrigation system as the reference of improvement will have 1,365,759 million cubic meters diversion supply from MARIIS and Baligatan diversion dams. Having been improved from 76% of conveyance efficiency to 95% assumed result of the improvement measures, approximately 84,303 million cubic meters or 6% increase from the actual diversion requirement can be realized. With every 1% increase in conveyance efficiency, there will be approximately 33,831 cubic meters savings in irrigation diversion requirements. This could be achieved through canal repairs of damaged structures, the lining of earth canals, and modernization of control structures. The OASIS program has shown its ability to assess the effects of irrigation management and modernization in a large irrigation system that can serve as a science-based planning and decision-making support program. It may also be used to study the management and optimization of irrigation in other irrigation systems in the country and elsewhere in the world.
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The structural composition of zooplankton of two lakes (Ossa and Mwembe) of the Ossa complex, a UNESCO' protected site located in Dizangue, Cameroon, was studied. Monthly sampling was conducted from September 2009 to February 2010. The... more
The structural composition of zooplankton of two lakes (Ossa and Mwembe) of the Ossa complex, a UNESCO' protected site located in Dizangue, Cameroon, was studied. Monthly sampling was conducted from September 2009 to February 2010. The physicochemical characteristics of the water lakes, the characteristics of the area around the lakes were documented and their influence on zooplankton communities assessed. The two lakes were closes in accord to their physicochemical characteristics: temperature (27.70±0.87°C and 28.85±0.66°C), pH (6.57±0.06 and 6.52±0.07), Suspended Solids (7.00±2.39mg.L-1 and 10.66±3.12mg.L-1), electric conductivity (28.91±5.25µS.cm-1 and 28.18±7.33µS.cm-1). In fact, no significant difference was found, compare to each other. Thirty seven and 41 species of zooplankton were recorded in the Ossa and Mwembe lakes respectively. The seasonal variation appeared to be the fundamental factor that regulates the presence and abundance of these species in the lakes. Lecane sp., Polyarthra vulgaris, Epiphanes clavulata, Lepadella sp., Brachionus dimidiatus and Plationus patulus were mostly abundant during the dry season whereas Bosminopsis macaguensis, Bosminopsis deitersi, Keratella tecta, Hexarthra mira and Lecane bulla were abundant during the rainy season. When taking into consideration the contents of phosphorus and Secchi disc disappearance, these lakes were found to be eutrophic. In addition, the Sanaga River brings sporadic zooplankton species such as Scaphaloberis kingi and Streblocerus sp., contributing to the accumulation of crustacean eggs on the river banks during floods, and therefore to increase the density of organisms. In conclusion, the effluents from SAFACAM Company increase some physicochemical parameters values such as, electric conductivity, dissolved carbon dioxide and pH.
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This study aimed to determine the species composition of the benthic macroalgae in relation to the environmental parameters in one of the coastal areas in Surigao City, Philippines. It is conducted along the coasts of Barangay Day-asan... more
This study aimed to determine the species composition of the benthic macroalgae in relation to the environmental parameters in one of the coastal areas in Surigao City, Philippines. It is conducted along the coasts of Barangay Day-asan with established three stations. The macroalgae species were observed and collected using line transect method. The water quality parameters were obtained in situ using water quality apparatus and the species composition were determined through diversity indices such as Shannon H, dominance and evenness and abundance. There were six (6) species observed in the study site. Sargassum polycystum is the most abundant and is present in three stations. As to diversity indices, the benthic macroalgae has a moderate category in terms of Shannon H, low dominance and almost a uniform distribution of species in all three stations. The coastal water parameters of Barangay Day-asan passed the DAO standards and still within the limits and ranges based on the diversity indices of Shannon H, dominance and evenness. Depth has a strong correlation to Codium fragile and pH to Amphiroa fragillissima and Halimeda opuntia. As indicated by the diversity indices of the benthic macroalgae species composition, the coastal water of Barangay Day-asan has still a suitable environmental condition for their growth. Hence, it is recommended to have strong information, education and communication environmental campaign and policies for locals and tourists as ecotourism starts to kick off in the locality to ensure sustainable conservation and protection of the natural environment with benthic macroalgae as good bioindicators.
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The influence of four constant temperatures: 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C and three germination media: 1% water agar, heat sterilized river sand and seed testing paper (STP) on the germination of decoated seeds of Terminalia superba Engl. &... more
The influence of four constant temperatures: 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C and three germination media: 1% water agar, heat sterilized river sand and seed testing paper (STP) on the germination of decoated seeds of Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels. were investigated. The germination media were placed in 90 mm diameter plastic Petri dishes with seventy five decoated seeds in 3 replicates of 25 seeds. The statistical design used in the investigation was a completely randomized design in a 3 x 4 factorial (germination media × incubation temperatures). Decoated seeds of T. superba germinated at all the four temperatures investigated. The optimum temperatures were determined as 25°C, 30°C and 35°C. All the three media can be considered ideal for the reason that these temperatures interacted with the germination media to record germination percentages ranging from 73 to 89% in the study. Mean germination time (MGT) was significantly (p < 0.001) shorter when agar was used as germination media compared to when germination was carried out on STP and soil. The shapes of germination curves describing the cumulative germination of decoated seeds of T. superba at all temperatures and on all the germination media investigated are S-shaped.
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The current study was aimed to assess practices, roles and challenges of peri-urban agriculture in Rabat Metropolis. Through purposive and stratified random sampling methods 50 respondents were selected. To achieve the objectives of this... more
The current study was aimed to assess practices, roles and challenges of peri-urban agriculture in Rabat Metropolis. Through purposive and stratified random sampling methods 50 respondents were selected. To achieve the objectives of this study both qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis were used. Data collection from farmers was based on field observation, interviews and field surveys. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, Chi-square test, tests of normality and homogeneity of variances and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), were used. According to the major findings of the study, the major types of periurban farming practices in the study area includes: horticulture or production of fruits and vegetables, crop farming and some livestock rearing such as beef farming, sheep farming and poultry farming. The survey result reveals that there are various significances of PUA in the study area: it contributes to the economic development of the metropolis as it generates income for farmers, creates employment, c ontributes to food supply and enhances economic use of land and environmental beatification of the city. In the Metropolis of Rabat, PUA faces several constraints: legal constraints mainly the absence of laws regulating this activity and the obligation of some farmers in the peri-urban area to pay housing taxes. It is also subject to many technical constraints such as insufficient workforce and high labor costs, difficult access to irrigation water, lack of training and technical supervision and support from the concerned body. Finally, recommendations and suggestions have been forwarded based on the findings of the study.
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Most of multi-use species are declining in the wide habitat in spite of the variety of the conservation recommendations formulated by researchers. This may be due to the fact that a large part of researches focused on their socio-economic... more
Most of multi-use species are declining in the wide habitat in spite of the variety of the conservation recommendations formulated by researchers. This may be due to the fact that a large part of researches focused on their socio-economic importance than the conservation of those species. Pentadesma butyracea is a multi-uses tree species that occurs from Sierra Leone to Gabon in dense Guineo-Congo rainforest and in gallery forests in the Dahomey-Gap of the dry corridor. This work used 56 studies to synthetize the importance of Pentadesma butyracea, enumerate the main threats to species persistence and test if probability of suggesting conservation strategies varied according to main fields of research, the conservation focus and the statement of conservation aim in the study. Our synthesis showed that although 68.75% asked conservation questions, only 43.75% suggested strategies for conservation of Pentadesma butyracea species and/or its habitat, gallery forests. We found 11 combinations of disturbances and 3 isolated disturbances which can simultaneously occur in the wild. We recommended for Pentadesma butyracea and it habitat effective conservation to limit gallery forest width reduction and fragmentation, to enforce the law regarding the minimum distance between farmer field and the gallery forest. Studies on multi-uses trees species must explicitly involve the viability of remnant populations and set the threshold viable habitat size. We also recommend to disentangle drivers of Pentadesma butyracea populations decline using update and accurate mathematical and statistical tools.
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Aquaculture practices always strive for the betterment of human lives and for providing cheaper resources for fish production. As fish is the most common food source all over the world, its sustainable production is very important. The... more
Aquaculture practices always strive for the betterment of human lives and for providing cheaper resources for fish production. As fish is the most common food source all over the world, its sustainable production is very important. The use of herbs provides a cheaper way towards the progress of aquaculture. Herbs are used in place of expensive chemicals and growth enhancers. Like others, cinnamon is also a good alternate for growth chemicals. Cinnamon is an aggregate of many related species with different names depending on the environmental conditions of different landmasses. Cinnamon contains many compounds and chemicals which are important for fish growth. Cinnamon when added to fish feed makes the fish fight against stress and grow healthy than before. Cinnamaldehydes, polyphenols, carbohydrates, flavonoids, etc., boost up the immune system of fish and act as an important antioxidant and antibiotic species. It fastens the growth rate of fish and enhances the other growth and blood parameters as compared to other aquaculture systems using chemicals. Moreover, the use of cinnamon as a growth and immunity promotor is cheaper and environmentally friendly.
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The study was conducted to determine the present status of seagrass resources of Laguindingan, Misamis Oriental and Kauswagan, Lanao del Norte and compared this through time with secondary data. It employed the transect-quadrat methods.... more
The study was conducted to determine the present status of seagrass resources of Laguindingan, Misamis Oriental and Kauswagan, Lanao del Norte and compared this through time with secondary data. It employed the transect-quadrat methods. Perpendicular to the shoreline, three (3) 100-m transect lines at 200-m interval between each transect were laid. Seven seagrass species were recorded comprising 38.6% of the total number (19) of seagrass species found in the Philippines. The seagrass community in all sites surveyed showed that it is highly dominated by Thalassia hemprichii species. However, there were no significant differences in species richness and diversity based on single-factor ANOVA statistical analysis (p>0.5). The abundance of T. hemprichii could probably be due to the prominent characteristic of this species where it could grow well in different types of habitat with various environmental conditions. The condition of seagrass beds in both areas were fair and the low Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index of seagrass in Kauswagan, Lanao del Norte (H’=0.76±0.22) and in Laguindingan, Misamis Oriental respectively (H’=0.40±0.35) indicate low stability in the community, which means that the condition of the seagrass ecosystem could be under threat, both from natural and anthropogenic activities. Over time, a fluctuating trend in species composition and a notable decline in seagrass species diversity and abundance have been observed in both areas. This present status calls an immediate response from the decision makers concerned for the sustainable management and conservation of the seagrass resources.
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At present no Macrophyte WSP system under study in many of developing countries like Pakistan, so for promotion of macrophytes based WSP system, detailed pilot scale studies is needed for treating wastewater that can be used for... more
At present no Macrophyte WSP system under study in many of developing countries like Pakistan, so for promotion of macrophytes based WSP system, detailed pilot scale studies is needed for treating wastewater that can be used for irrigation purposes. In near future, water scarcity is expected all over the world so efforts should be made to address this issue, as most of economy of our country is dependent on agriculture. The aims of this study is to reduce and evaluate the different parameters of domestic wastewater by treating it with macrophtes WSP system with different Hydraulic Retention Times (HRT) so that wastewater can be used for irrigation purposes as per FAO Irrigation Water Quality Guidelines. A macrophytes WSP system model was designed /operated for five experimental runs with each run comprising of different HRT i.e. 3, 5, 7 and 10 days. For treating wastewater, locally available Macrophyte specie Duckweed was used. The different parameters used in this study were; ECw , TDS, SAR, Sodium, Chloride, Boron, Nitrate, Bicarbonate, pH and F Coliform. The average reduction in values of different parameters of wastewater at the start of each run was 31.96%, 31.96%, 42.51%, 31.00%, 22.86%, 34.52%, 30.23%, 50.23%, 20.02% and 41.39% for ECw, TDS, SAR, Sodium, Chloride, Boron, Nitrate, Bicarbonate, pH and F Caliform respectively. After treating wastewater with 10 days HRT, the values of different parameters of wastewater was within the range of FAO guidelines with slight to moderate degree of restriction on use.
Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) is a fast and peer-reviewed journal and is scheduled to publish 12 issues in a year. It publishes original research papers, short communications, and review papers on the main aspects of Environmental Sciences,
Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) is a fast and peer-reviewed journal and is scheduled to publish 12 issues in a year. It publishes original research papers, short communications, and review papers on the main aspects of Environmental Sciences,
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Mangroves are considered as the most significant components of the coastal ecosystem and among the most productive and biologically complex ecosystems on the planet. Assessment of mangrove species plays a critical role in the preservation... more
Mangroves are considered as the most significant components of the coastal ecosystem and among the most productive and biologically complex ecosystems on the planet. Assessment of mangrove species plays a critical role in the preservation and protection of the mangroves forest. The study aimed to assess the mangrove species in Pilar, Siargao Island. The belt transect was employed with a dimension of modified 10 m x 12 m and was installed per quadrat. Eight mangrove species were identified under four familie s, and these are B. sexanguela, C. decandra, R. apiculata, R. mucronata, A. alba, A. marina, L. littorea, and X. granatum. One species, C. decandra is categorized by the IUCN as a near-threatened state. Results from the mangroves vegetation structure show that R. apiculata got the highest relative frequency (26.32%), density (35.46%), and dominance (55.08%) therefore; it has the highest importance value (116.85%). This further implies that R. apiculata is the most important and acclimated mangrove species in the study area. The species diversity in Pilar, Siargao Island falls under very low diversity (H'=1.63) which might be attributed to some human-related disturbances. Thus, further consideration in future planning and conservation to increase the resiliency of the mangrove ecosystem is needed.
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In an area where urbanization is rapidly growing, carbon is slowly sequestered which clogs the ozone layer. With forest biomass, carbon is easily sequestered and stored by trees. This research focuses on the potential carbon storage of... more
In an area where urbanization is rapidly growing, carbon is slowly sequestered which clogs the ozone layer. With forest biomass, carbon is easily sequestered and stored by trees. This research focuses on the potential carbon storage of the Arroceros Forest Park, one of the last lungs of the metropolis located in the heart of the National Capital Region, Manila, Philippines. Trees with ≥10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) were inventoried, from two (2) hectare area of site. These trees were used in the estimation of the biomass and carbon stock. The Power-Fit Equation from Banaticla (insert year), = 0.342 (DBH (exp (0.73))) was used in the study. Results showed that Swietenia macrophylla dominated the park. Species with highest contribution of biomass and carbon is the Swietenia macrophylla with value of 149.55t/ha. The carbon formed from this was 45%, and estimated carbon stock present is 30.59Ct/ha. Total aboveground biomass and carbon stock in the forest park is estimated at 640.21t/ha, and 130.95Ct/ha, respectively. Provided the carbon stock estimate, this could give more importance to Arroceros Forest Park in carbon sequestration. Site must be protected and enhanced to promote the important role of green spaces in Metro Manila.
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The accumulation of solid waste and consumption of fossil fuels are two phenomenons which already have a major destructive effect on the environment. The lack of alternative solid waste management procedures and shortage of the... more
The accumulation of solid waste and consumption of fossil fuels are two phenomenons which already have a major destructive effect on the environment. The lack of alternative solid waste management procedures and shortage of the development of renewable energy resources should be addressed in order to sustain environmental quality. Sawdust is a major waste product along the Lagos lagoon with cellulose one of the predominant structural components of sawdust. The bio-conversion of waste cellulose, a glucose biopolymer into glucose a fermentable sugar has been performed with cellulase from Aspergillus Niger. Delignified and non-delignified sawdust from five different trees along the Lagos Lagoon have been saccharified with A. niger cellulase. The saccharification of these sawdust materials have been performed at different incubation temperatures of 30°C, 40°C, 50°C and 60°C. Optimum saccharification of nondelignified and delignified cellulose from the various trees along the Lagos Lagoon were optimum saccharified at different temperatures resulting in different sugar concentrations produced. A temperature of 40°C was optimum for maximum degradation of non-delignified cellulose from all the trees producing sugar at concentration between 3.0-4.3mg.ml-1. Optimum saccharification of delignified cellulose from all the trees was obtained at a temperature of 50°C resulting in a sugar concentration of 5.9-8.4mg.ml-1 .
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Karnal bunt (KB) disease is one of the most important challenges posed on of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) industry of Pakistan because of itsinclusionin quarantine list around the globe. This disease is caused by the fungus Tilletia... more
Karnal bunt (KB) disease is one of the most important challenges posed on of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) industry of Pakistan because of itsinclusionin quarantine list around the globe. This disease is caused by the fungus Tilletia indica M. (Neovossia indica). It affects the grain quality of wheat and hampers its movement in the international market resulting in economic losses. The presence of >3% infected grains in wheat lots makes it unsuitable for human consumption. Eradication of this disease is very difficult as no resistant cultivar has been found against KB in Pakistan so far. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on a set of 199 wheat germplasm collected from Pakistan. In this study 31,000 single nucleotide polymorphism markers were developed by 90K SNP array technology. A linear mixed model in GWAS, accounting for population structure, was fitted to identify significant genomic regions [-log(P) ≥ 4.0] on 6 different chromosomes i.e. 1A, 1D, 2D, 3B, 4A, 5A with novel loci. Candidate genes, through wheat genome assembly, were identified as putative genes related to KB resistance including kinase-like protein family. The results of this study can be useful in wheat breeding through marker-assisted selection for KB-resistant varieties.
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The essential oils of the plant Deverra scoparia Coss. & Dur. (Apiaceae) used in traditional medicine in Algeria were subjected to testing the antimalarial activity. Their potential ability to inhibit the in vitro proliferation was... more
The essential oils of the plant Deverra scoparia Coss. & Dur. (Apiaceae) used in traditional medicine in Algeria were subjected to testing the antimalarial activity. Their potential ability to inhibit the in vitro proliferation was evaluated in two strains of Plasmodium falciparum; chloroquine-resistant (K1), and chloroquine-sensitive (3d7) strains. The essential oils displayed good antimalarial activity with IC50 values 1.51 ± 0.71 μg/mL and 0.93 ± 0.89 μg/mL against the 3d7 chloroquine-sensitive and the K1 chloroquine-resistantstrains respectively. So, Deverra scoparia presented a potential source of antimalarial molecules.
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A spiders survey study was conducted in coffee agro-ecosystems of Muthodi and Chikholale and the residential area of Chikmagalur town for six months from January- June 2019. Altogether 105 individuals representing 12 families and 30... more
A spiders survey study was conducted in coffee agro-ecosystems of Muthodi and Chikholale and the residential area of Chikmagalur town for six months from January- June 2019. Altogether 105 individuals representing 12 families and 30 species were documented. Among them 8 families from Muthodi coffee agroecosystem, 6 families from Chikholale coffee agroecosystem, out of the 5 families were same. In the Residential area, 7 families were documented, out of which 4 families are the same as coffee agroecosystem and 3 families are different i.e., Agelenidae, Sparassidae, and Hersilidae families. Spiders of 12 families were divided into eight functional groups (guilds) based on their foraging behavior in the field. The most dominant guild was the orb weavers (45%) comprised of 13 species representing 5 families, among them family Araneidae representing 11 species.
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The Philippines is considered as one of the mega diverse countries in the world. The country is one of the World biologically richest but has the most threatened ecosystems. For decades, environmentalists and nature enthusiasts go... more
The Philippines is considered as one of the mega diverse countries in the world. The country is one of the World biologically richest but has the most threatened ecosystems. For decades, environmentalists and nature enthusiasts go hand-in-hand in conducting studies that would assess and formulate projects which will encourage environmental conservation and preservation, most especially those threatened ecosystems. Local communities have already started their initiatives in monitoring and maintaining the protection of the important ecosystem near them. Barangay Pagatpatan in Butuan City is an example. This study was co nducted to determine the species richness and assessment of vascular plants in the "Kayam Forest" Barangay Pagatpatan, Butuan City, Agusan del Norte, Philippines. The study utilized descriptive research design to assess the local area. Transect plot technique/quadrat sampling was employed to assess the floral communities. The forest is dominated by Inocarpus fagifer and habitat of 20 other species belonging to 13 different plant families. The low diversity index of the area suggests that it is noteworthy for protection and conservation, for these Kayam trees are striving only in this area in Butuan City making it very unique ecosystem and therefore the local government and the community efforts for sustaining the area is very vital .
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A tree inventory and carbon stock assessment was conducted in three 50 x 100 meter randomly established sampling plots in the lower montane forest of Mt. Kalatungan, a protected area located in Mindanao, Philippines. A total of 31 species... more
A tree inventory and carbon stock assessment was conducted in three 50 x 100 meter randomly established sampling plots in the lower montane forest of Mt. Kalatungan, a protected area located in Mindanao, Philippines. A total of 31 species of trees belonging to 24 families that is dominated by Fagaceae, Lauraceae and Myrtaceae was recorded. The most frequent species are Lithocarpus spp., Syzygium spp., Neolitsea spp. Out of 833 tree species, 49.70% lies in the 21-28cm dbh class based on sturge's rule. The greatest dbh recorded was 73cm from Syzygium spp. of the family Myrtaceae. The site obtained a greater mean stand density of 555 trees ha-1. The site also contained many trees with relatively greater dbh resulting to a high biomass and carbon stock estimate. The mean tree biomass density estimate was 628 ton ha-1 while the mean Carbon density estimate was 282 ton C ha-1. These results provide a robust justification for an effective protected area management in order to salvage the area from further deforestation and forest degradation. The conservation of forest resources, especially trees in Mt. Kalatungan would be very crucial in the Philippine's efforts to mitigate climate change.
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Carrots were first used for medical purposes and gradually used as food. It is also a good source of magnesium and manganese. Cadmium is a nonessential element that adversely affects plant growth and development. It is considered as one... more
Carrots were first used for medical purposes and gradually used as food. It is also a good source of magnesium and manganese. Cadmium is a nonessential element that adversely affects plant growth and development. It is considered as one of the significant pollutants due to its high toxicity and more solubility in water. Experiment was conducted in Old Botanical Garden of University of Agriculture Faisalabad to check the response of carrot genotypes grown under Cadmium Chloride stress (0µM, 10µM, 15µM and 20µM). Variety of carrot (gajar) used was Red Gold. Seeds were sown in 12 pots, which were filled with sand, in 2nd week of November. Germination observed after one week of sowing. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Seeds of carrot (red gold) were purchased from Ayyub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI) Faisalabad and sown directly in the plastic pot. 8 seeds per pot were distributed. Hogland solution was also applied to replicates and then I applied Cadmium Chloride stress to the plants to start my experiment. Cadmium stress decreased the uptake and distribution of essential elements in plant. Studies had revealed that heavy metals cause adverse effects on plant growth, which further lead to decrease plant yield and inhibition of enzymatic activities.In the present study, plant growth characteristics, root length and shoot length decreased under Cd stress. In fact, salt stress decreased all attributes in carrot when the concentrations of Cadmium chloride increased higher and higher.
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The aim of current study was to examine the composition of kidney stones laproscopically detached from the patients in District Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. The 32 kidney stone samples were collected after surgery of patients (22 males and... more
The aim of current study was to examine the composition of kidney stones laproscopically detached from the patients in District Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. The 32 kidney stone samples were collected after surgery of patients (22 males and 10 females in between the age of 15 to 80 years) admitted for the treatment in Khairpur Medical College, Civil Hospital Khairpur during 2018 to 2019. The calculi specimens were analyzed for composition by FTIR spectroscopy. The 32 investigated specimen of renal calculi contained 31.25% of calcium oxalate monohydrate (CaOx), 6.25% calcium oxalate dihydrate, 12.5% of Uric acid (pure), 6.25% of ammonium urate, 6.25% of magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), and in mixed stones 28.13% of calcium oxalate monohydrate + uric acid stones and 9.37% of magnesium ammonium phosphate + calcium oxalate stones. Calcium oxalate monohydrate either singly (31.25%) or in combination with Uric acid (28.13%) was the leading constituent of Kidney stones. Investigation of kidney stones based on FTIR suggests that Calcium oxalate monohydrate individually or in combined state with uric acid was the most predominant component of human renal calculi in the patients of district Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan.
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The present findings are related to report the helminth parasitic infection in Jungle babbler, at District: Naushahro Feroze. Host species were investigated from the month of June to August, 2018. These birds are non-migratory, former... more
The present findings are related to report the helminth parasitic infection in Jungle babbler, at District: Naushahro Feroze. Host species were investigated from the month of June to August, 2018. These birds are non-migratory, former friendly, earth colored sibling in habbit but internal visceral organs consisting intensity of parasites. Total (n=16) of T. striata were captured and disected on a weekly basis under laboratory conditions at Department of Zoology, SALU-Khairpur. All found with helminth population of digenean trematode but high prevalence was found in the month of June followed by other months. During surgical examination (n=44) specimens were recovered in the gall bladder of the host, morphologically having tapered ends at terminal body point, forebody is shorter then h ind body, protrusible rounded oral suckers but ventral suckers are rounded, maximum width at post-acetabular region, oval-shaped pharynx, short esophagus, diverticular caeca, median-shaped ovary and oblique testes, unequal bands of lateral vitellaria and dark brown coloured eggs. These features of the worms resemble already identified as; L. longicauda hence; identified as such. This species of fluke was first time recovered from present host and result of present study revealed that it is a new host record from upper Sindh.
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Theobroma cacao L. known as cocoa plant is a cash crop for all producing countries, and a significant source of income for agricultural families. In Cameroon, cocoa production is threatened by parasitic vascular plants belong to... more
Theobroma cacao L. known as cocoa plant is a cash crop for all producing countries, and a significant source of income for agricultural families. In Cameroon, cocoa production is threatened by parasitic vascular plants belong to Loranthaceae. Among those parasitic vascular plants Phragmanthera capitata (Spreng.) Balle is the most abundant species. This parasitic plant causes severe damages to cocoa plants in Nkoemvone seed fields. The main purpose of this research was to find out if Phragmanthera capitata attack has an impact on the number and weight of pods produced. The experiment was done on two cocoa clones SNK 64 and UPA 143 from 2016 to 2018.Student t test was used to compare the production of pods, the weight of pods; the number of beans produced per pod as well as their weight between parasitized and non-parasitized cocoa plants. A total of 1280 cocoa plants belonging to all cocoa clones in the area were randomly selected and divided in two groups, parasitized and non-parasitized cocoa plants. The study results indicated the number of cocoa plants without pods in parasitized cocoa plants (468 cocoa plants , 73.12% in 2016; 468 cocoa plants, 73.12% in 2017 and 479 cocoa plants, 74.84% in 2018; c2= 0.650; ddl = 2 and p = 0.7312) is higher than the number of cocoa plants without pods in non-parasitized ones (265 cocoa plants, 41.41% in 2016; 243 cocoa plants 37.96% in 2017 and 231 cocoa plants, 36.09% in 2018; c2= 3.925; ddl = 2 and p = 0.139). Concerning the quantity of beans produced by pods, the results revealed that there is no significant difference between parasitized cocoa and non-parasitized ones.
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This study investigated the effectiveness of experience and nature-based learning activities in enhancing college students’ environmental attitude. It employed pre-test-post-test experimental research design. The participants were the... more
This study investigated the effectiveness of experience and nature-based learning activities in enhancing college students’ environmental attitude. It employed pre-test-post-test experimental research design. The participants were the class of fifty-three college students of a higher education institution in Region 2, Philippines. Seven learning activities were employed by the researcher namely pamphlets making, environmental-themed movie poster making, collage making, miniature plant exhibit, vegetable gardening, community clean-up service, recycled art crafts making, and tree planting drive. In like manner, the pre-attitude score and post-attitude scores in the standardize environmental attitude inventory test were compared and the significant differences were determined using paired sample t-test. Results of the study revealed that the different experience-based learning activities were generally rated interesting. Moreover, it was also revealed that the different learning activities significantly increased the environmental attitude of the students towards nature enjoyment, support for interventions and conservation policies environmental movement activism, conservation motivated by anthropocentric concern, confidence in science and technology, environmental threat, altering nature, personal conservation behavior, human dominance over nature, human utilization of nature, and ecocentric concern. This implies that allowing students to be exposed to the different environmental learning activities where direct learning experience is involved significantly increased students environmental construct.
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Henbane is one of the indigenous plants of Solanaceae from Iran that considered as valuable medicinal and economic plant. In current study, genetic diversity of 96 genotypes from 10 populations including three species was assessed using... more
Henbane is one of the indigenous plants of Solanaceae from Iran that considered as valuable medicinal and economic plant. In current study, genetic diversity of 96 genotypes from 10 populations including three species was assessed using IRAP and REMAP markers. The employed primers included eight complimentary sequences of LTR regions of barley genome accompanied with eleven 3’-anchored ISSR primers. In the IRAP system seven out of the 36, and in the REMAP technique, 12 out of 88 primer combinations resulted in appropriate amplifications and scorable bands. The average PICs for IRAP and REMAP markers were accounted 0.30 and 0.32, and the mean MIs were 2.59 and 2.47, respectively. Cluster analysis using REMAP markers resulted in a phylogenetic tree with three distinct clusters which somewhat confirmed with geographical distribution of species, unlike the clustering by IRAP data. ANOVA using IRAP and REMAP data showed the higher variation within populations comparing with among populations. However, the acceptable diversity was observed within and among populations based on both marker systems.
The International Network for Natural Sciences (INNSPUB) invite all prospective research scholars to read and welcome to submit their original quality manuscript for quick publish of research paper, review paper, short communications, research reports, technical reports, intellectual articles, conceptual papers and latest research & findings on Life sciences, Environmental sciences, Agricultural sciences, Health sciences and Bio-medicinal science which are not under review or under consideration for publish in any other international academic journal.
The International Network for Natural Sciences (INNSPUB) invite all prospective research scholars to read and welcome to submit their original quality manuscript for quick publish of research paper, review paper, short communications, research reports, technical reports, intellectual articles, conceptual papers and latest research & findings on Life sciences, Environmental sciences, Agricultural sciences, Health sciences and Bio-medicinal science which are not under review or under consideration for publish in any other international academic journal.
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Determining boron requirement through sorption isotherms is considered more accurate than conventional soil testing. Boron requirements of chickpea leaves and seeds were assessed from yield response curves based on model applied boron... more
Determining boron requirement through sorption isotherms is considered more accurate than conventional soil testing. Boron requirements of chickpea leaves and seeds were assessed from yield response curves based on model applied boron fertilizer under field conditions. Boron sorption isotherms were constructed by using Talagang (Fluventic Camborthid) and Balkassar (Typic Haplustalf) soil series at Murat and Tatral, Punjab Province, Pakistan, varying in their calcium carbonate and clay contents. Adsorption isotherms were constructed by equilibrating 3g soil with 30ml of 0.01M calcium chloride solution containing varying amounts of boron (0 to 1.6mgkg−1 soil). Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were used to assess the boron sorption parameters. Langmuir showed good fit of the sorption data (r2 = 0.99). Six soil solution boron levels (0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08 and 0.12mg l−1) were developed using sorption data and recommended N, P and K rates were applied as basal dose. Boron application significantly increased grain yield and boron uptake by all the chickpea cultivars over native soil boron. Soil solution boron requirement of chickpea cultivars for near-maximum relative seed yield at both soils was approximately the same (0.02mg l−1). Internal boron requirement in leaves varied from 20-24mgkg−1 and in seed from 11-15mgkg−1. The study indicates that exploitation of the genetic variation in chickpea can help to avoid B deficiency or reduce B fertilizer requirements without affecting crop productivity.
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Climate changes, storage of water, rising in atmospheric temperature and other environmental stresses have harmful effects on the plant growth and productivity. Also they negatively influence the morpho-physiology of plants, as plant... more
Climate changes, storage of water, rising in atmospheric temperature and other environmental stresses have harmful effects on the plant growth and productivity. Also they negatively influence the morpho-physiology of plants, as plant physiology is heavily affected by temperature fluctuations. Understanding the stress-resistance processes in plants has appeared as a very important issue in order to develop stress-resistant plants. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the change in the physiological responses and chemical composition of Retama raetam in response to the environmental conditions. Retama raetam was collected from Wadi Sudr at South Sinai and Hammam Cleopatra region at Mersa Matruh in dry and wet seasons. The results of this study indicate that there was a significant difference between habitats in the contents of minerals, carbohydrates, soluble sugars and alkaloids. The deficiency of water and stress conditions in the dry season, induced a reduction in osmotic potential at both habitats, which was accompanied by the accumulation of osmolytes or osmoprotectants; such as inorganic ions (Ca2+, mg2+, K+), carbohydrates, soluble sugars and organic acids (oxalic, citric, malic) considered as a protective metabolic adaptation that could exert beneficial effects upon drought tolerance of Retama reteam. Meanwhile, the content of total alkaloids in Retama raetam was significantly affected by habitats and/or seasons, as its values were significantly increased in dry season to 6.2mg/g at Wadi Sudr and 6.5mg/g at Cleopatra. These results revealed that the chemical composition of the plants was significantly affected by seasons and environmental conditions, which may have a negative effect due to the accumulation of some toxic compounds under stress condition, like alkaloids.
Research Interests: Plant Ecology, Research Methodology, Open Access Publishing, Environmental Studies, Environment and natural resources conservation, and 12 moreStress, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Sustainability, Research, Climate Changes, Organic Acids, Research papers, Call for Papers, Open Access Journals, Alkaloids, Retama monosperma, and CARBOHYDRATES
Skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) involve microbial invasion and SSTIs have variable presentations and severities. The challenge of SSTIs is to efficiently differentiate those cases that require immediate attention and intervention,... more
Skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) involve microbial invasion and SSTIs have variable presentations and severities. The challenge of SSTIs is to efficiently differentiate those cases that require immediate attention and intervention, whether medical or surgical, from those that are less severe. SSTIs are among the most severe health problems, particularly in individuals who inject drugs. The skin has an extremely diverse ecology of organisms that may produce infection, and majorities of SSTIs are caused by bacteria, referred as acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs). Annually, more than 4 million patients are seen in the emergency department for skin and soft-tissue infections, increased by nearly 1 million from 2007. The factors commonly believed to reveal the high prevalence and incidence of common skin infections in developing countries are poverty related including a low level of hygiene, difficulties accessing water; climatic factors; and overcrowding living conditions. Environmental and lifestyle factors negatively affect skin health and facilitate the spread of contagious skin infections such as furuncles, carbuncles, and impetigo. Poor personal hygiene in rural areas children can lead to various skin infections, and can be transmitted to other close persons. Skin diseases are a common cause of hospital visits worldwide, occurring in both rural and urban populations, affecting both young and old. Reduced functional capacity and increased susceptibility of skin with development of dermatoses, as well as benign and malignant tumors are the most common skin conditions in aged populations worldwide. The diagnosis of skin and soft-tissue infection is difficult because they may commonly trick as other clinical syndromes. The selection of antimicrobial therapy is predicated on knowledge of the potential pathogens, the instrument of entry, disease severity and clinical complications.
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In order to find out the impact of different fertilizers on the growth and bulb yield of Onion, an experiment was conducted at PARC-National Tea and High Value crops research Institute, Shinkiari, Mansehra, Pakistan during Rabi season... more
In order to find out the impact of different fertilizers on the growth and bulb yield of Onion, an experiment was conducted at PARC-National Tea and High Value crops research Institute, Shinkiari, Mansehra, Pakistan during Rabi season 2017-18. The trial was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having three replications. It has two onion cultivars i.e Swat-1 and Sunset that was assigned to the main plot and four different type fertilizers i.e Poultry manure, Farm yard manure, DAP and NPK which were allotted to the sub-plot. The finding of the trials reveals significant variation among the studied parameter. Tallest plants (47.37cm), more number of leaves per plants (10.04), Leaves length ( 36.43cm), leaves width (7.71cm), bulb diameter (57.73mm), Bulb weight (83.04g) and bulb yield (7.46t/ha) was recorded from cultivar Swat-1 planted plots. In case of fertilizers, Maximum plant height (47.74cm), Number of leaves per plant (10.35), Leaves length (37.94cm), Leaves width (8.26cm), Bulb diameter (65.19mm), Bulb weight (103.30g) and Bulb yield (8.90t/ha) was obtained from plots which were fertilized with poultry manure. The results of the present study suggest poultry manure in combination with cultivar swat-1 should be used for better production of onion.
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Phytoremediation is used as a technology that utilizes plants and microorganisms to treat diamond mine wastewater. The water is known to pollute the Basung River which flows in the area. According to data from the results of water quality... more
Phytoremediation is used as a technology that utilizes plants and microorganisms to treat diamond mine wastewater. The water is known to pollute the Basung River which flows in the area. According to data from the results of water quality monitoring by the Banjarbaru City Environmental Agency in 2016 showed that the Basung River water quality was in the medium polluted category and the water was not suitable for consumption. Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) was chosen to remediate diamond mine wastewater. Unfortunately, the ideal amount of water hyacinth (biomass) used to remediate wastewater has not been much studied. Therefore, this research aims to determine the proper water hyacinth biomass used for phytoremediation in reducing the value of the diamond mine wastewater pollution index. This research was conducted by varying the water hyacinth biomass to 0g, 250g, 500g, 750g, 2000g. The parameters in this research were temperature, pH, Turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Ammonia, Nitrate, Nitrite, Iron, Manganese. Water sample testing would be carried out on days 0, 3rd, 5th and 7th. The results showed that in all variations of biomass, water hyacinth was able to reduce levels of pollutants in diamond mine wastewater more than 50% with the highest reduction efficiency by using the variation of water hyacinth biomass 500g.
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The influence of four constant temperatures: 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C and three germination media: 1% water agar, heat sterilized river sand and seed testing paper (STP) on the germination of decoated seeds of Terminalia superba Engl. &... more
The influence of four constant temperatures: 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C and three germination media: 1% water agar, heat sterilized river sand and seed testing paper (STP) on the germination of decoated seeds of Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels. were investigated. The germination media were placed in 90 mm diameter plastic Petri dishes with seventy five decoated seeds in 3 replicates of 25 seeds. The statistical design used in the investigation was a completely randomized design in a 3 x 4 factorial (germination media × incubation temperatures). Decoated seeds of T. superba germinated at all the four temperatures investigated. The optimum temperatures were determined as 25°C, 30°C and 35°C. All the three media can be considered ideal for the reason that these temperatures interacted with the germination media to record germination percentages ranging from 73 to 89% in the study. Mean germination time (MGT) was significantly (p < 0.001) shorter when agar was used as germination media compared to when germination was carried out on STP and soil. The shapes of germination curves describing the cumulative germination of decoated seeds of T. superba at all temperatures and on all the germination media investigated are S-shaped.
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A study was carried out to evaluate the water quality of filtration plants installed at six different places of Cantonment Board Sialkot, Pakistan to suggest and recommend guidelines for their improvement. Water samples from six Treatment... more
A study was carried out to evaluate the water quality of filtration plants installed at six different places of Cantonment Board Sialkot, Pakistan to suggest and recommend guidelines for their improvement. Water samples from six Treatment plants and their respective twelve connections (two from each treatment plants) were collected before and after treatment. In this way, total samples were collected and tested. Values of these samples before and after treatment were used for comparison with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking water standards. Thirty three parameters including physical, chemical and bacteriological were determined for each sample. The results were satisfactory both chemically and bacteriologically according to WHO guidelines for water quality of treatment plants. The results showed that the samples of water were fit, both before and after treatment plant except for water sample of treatment plant No. IV & V (Before treatment). Total and faecal coliform were found in these samples. Various causes of faecal contamination before treatment may be due to leakage of pipelines, operation at tubewells, layout of freshwater pipes parallel or beneath the sewerage pipes or channels. Disinfection of water at source is recommended to deal with the faecal contamination; otherwise there is no need of filtration plant.
Research Interests: Environmental Science, Research Methodology, Open Access Publishing, Environmental Studies, Biodiversity, and 9 moreEnvironmental Sustainability, Rate Dependant Uplift Capicity of Shallow Foundations, Biodiversity Research, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Hydraulic Retention Time, role of ectourism and gender in national park management, Organic agriculture, Hydrogen Power, Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis, and Biological Oxygen Demand
Catchment degradation has continued to occur globally albeit the presence of Community Forest Associations (CFA) and Water Resource Users Associations (WRUA). Similarly, Kilungu catchment area in Kenya is under the management of the Kenze... more
Catchment degradation has continued to occur globally albeit the presence of Community Forest Associations (CFA) and Water Resource Users Associations (WRUA). Similarly, Kilungu catchment area in Kenya is under the management of the Kenze (CFA) and upper Kaiti (WRUA). This paper examined Kenze CFA and Upper Kaiti WRUA activities by exploring their effectiveness in discharging their statutory functions. This was achieved by carrying out, an exploratory descriptive survey. Data was collected through questionnaires, focus group discussions, 10 key informants’ interviews and direct observations. Descriptive analysis was used. Information was presented in fig.s, tables and percentages. Results showed that upper Kaiti WRUA as more effective in catchment management at moderately (31%) and highly at (37%) as compared to CFA moderately (29%) and highly (5%). In terms of discharging of their statutory functions, Upper Kaiti WRUA was better at a rating of 27% (good) and 23% (very good) as compared to Kenze CFA which was rated at 3% (good) and 6% (very good). This study results implied that Upper Kaiti WRUA was more effective in all aspects of ensuring catchment management as opposed to CFA. In conclusion, a strategy of seizing the opportunities presented by the CFA of being empowered to perform all its activities as required by law with emphasis on the timely preparation and implementation of management plans and WRUA’s continuous improvement should be prioritized. The study recommends new initiatives that improve on the CFA and WRUA activities in order to effectively discharge on their statutory functions.
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This study was conducted to assess and optimize the conveyance performance of major irrigation systems in the case of the NIA-Magat River Integrated Irrigation System in the Philippines. Options Analysis in Irrigation System (OASIS) was... more
This study was conducted to assess and optimize the conveyance performance of major irrigation systems in the case of the NIA-Magat River Integrated Irrigation System in the Philippines. Options Analysis in Irrigation System (OASIS) was used to evaluate and optimize the conveyance efficiency of the system. Management and modernization scenarios were undertaken in the irrigation system assuming that the rehabilitation projects exerted efforts on improving efficiencies and reduced losses in the conveyance and distribution systems. Based on the results, the actual condition of the irrigation system as the reference of improvement will have 1,365,759 million cubic meters diversion supply from MARIIS and Baligatan diversion dams. Having been improved from 76% of conveyance efficiency to 95% assumed result of the improvement measures, approximately 84,303 million cubic meters or 6% increase from the actual diversion requirement can be realized. With every 1% increase in conveyance efficiency, there will be approximately 33,831 cubic meters savings in irrigation diversion requirements. This could be achieved through canal repairs of damaged structures, the lining of earth canals, and modernization of control structures. The OASIS program has shown its ability to assess the effects of irrigation management and modernization in a large irrigation system that can serve as a science-based planning and decision-making support program. It may also be used to study the management and optimization of irrigation in other irrigation systems in the country and elsewhere in the world.
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The present investigation describes the structure and vegetation composition of the forest located in Murree Hills, Punjab, Pakistan. The study area is a part of Himalayans moist temperate forest. The vegetation zone entirely consists of... more
The present investigation describes the structure and vegetation composition of the forest located in Murree Hills, Punjab, Pakistan. The study area is a part of Himalayans moist temperate forest. The vegetation zone entirely consists of shrubs or medium size trees. The plants give the appearance of a vast flower bed, composed principally of herbaceous species. These species are adapted to withstand the extremes of cold and desiccation. Study area range in altitude from 2100m-2300 m (A.S.L.). A total of 65 species, belonging to 62 genera and 39 families were recorded from 40 stands. Angiosperms contributed a major share while Pteridophytes contributed little to the floristic richness of the area. Data were analyzed by multivariate statistics including Cluster Analysis, Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and correlation coefficient to detect the relations between altitudinal and some environmental factors with composition and structure of the plant communities. DCA axis 1 and axis 2 were used to interpret the data. Four vegetation types were delineated by Cluster Analysis which was then plotted on the first two axes a scattered diagram. The outcome of the cluster was confirmed by using DCA. There were significant differences in the flora composition as well as the edaphic factors along the altitudinal gradient. The results of the present investigation suggest a direct altitudinal and soil chemical factors pH, EC, cations and anions on the vegetation variation. Topography predicts species composition of the study area.
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The application of natural biological dyes finds its use as an alternative to synthetic stains in temporary and permanent mounts. Extract of natural stains from peels of Lubeg (Syzygium lineatum), Bignay (Antidesma bunius), and Duhat... more
The application of natural biological dyes finds its use as an alternative to synthetic stains in temporary and permanent mounts. Extract of natural stains from peels of Lubeg (Syzygium lineatum), Bignay (Antidesma bunius), and Duhat (Syzygium cumini) fruits were made to test their staining potential on plant and animal tissues. The study utilized the Completely Randomized Design to compare the staining property of the peels. It used the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Differences (LSD) to ascertain the differences between the treatments. The natural biological dyes, in comparison with the synthetic dye, stained the cross-section of the Wiregrass and Narra stems, longitudinal section of an Autumn crocus, and hepatic tissues of a frog with remarkably deeper color. They are more effective in highlighting structures of a cross-section of a wiregrass stem and longitudinal section of an Autumn crocus, and they have a higher bulk density, which is an essential requirement of container volume. However, the synthetic dye shows higher absorbing capacity and solubility than the natural biological dyes. The success of producing a low-cost biological stain is achieved using Lubeg, Bignay, and Duhat fruits. The natural biological dyes used in this study could serve as a useful alternative to synthetic dyes.
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This study aimed to examine the mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and nitrate (NO3) accumulation on Macrobrachium rosenbergii (shrimps) of Iponan River. The samples were analyzed using Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (CVAAS) for the... more
This study aimed to examine the mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and nitrate (NO3) accumulation on Macrobrachium rosenbergii (shrimps) of Iponan River. The samples were analyzed using Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (CVAAS) for the heavy metals (Hg & Pb) and Bruccine Colorometric Method (BCM) for nitrate. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Standard Deviation analysis were used to test the significant difference in the concentration of the analytes on shrimps between sampling periods. Statistically, based on the results, there is significant difference on the concentration of lead, mercury and nitrates among sampling periods. M. rosenbergii contained high measured values of nitrate (NO3) analyte within two (2) sampling periods with concentrations of 120>32.8 ppm and 842>32.8 ppm respectively which exceeded the EPA standards. Lead concentration exceeds the BFAR standard (1.36>0.5) ppm during the second sampling while Hg content is present within specified standards. Results suggest that M. rosenbergii is a bioaccumulator of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and nitrates (NO3) and can be used to monitor pollution level in a river. This result could be used as basis for strengthening policies regarding water quality management and monitoring of Iponan River.
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Water deficit stress is a major abiotic factor that limits crop production. Hence plant Nutrition can have playdetermining role in moderating the adverse effects of water deficit stress. This research was conducted as a factorial... more
Water deficit stress is a major abiotic factor that limits crop production. Hence plant Nutrition can have playdetermining role in moderating the adverse effects of water deficit stress. This research was conducted as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with zinc (Zn) at three levels (0, 10 and 20 mg Zn per kg dries soil as ZnSO4•7H2O), phosphorus (P) at three levels (0, 30 and 60 mg P per kg dry soil as Calcium (Ca) (H2PO4)2•H2O) and soil moisture at three levels (0.5FC-0.6FC, 0.7FC-0.8FC and 0.9FC-FC) using three replications under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the moderate (0.7FC-0.8FC) and severe water deficit conditions (0.5FC-0.6FC) decreased significantly activity of peroxidase isozymes (POX) than to the enzyme activity in full irrigated (0.9FC-FC) conditions (P< 0.01).The higher activity of peroxidase isozymes appeared in POX1 under the moderate water deficit condition and the lowest related to POX5 isozyme under severe water deficit condition. In addition, the main effect of Zn and two way interaction of Zn × soil moisture were significant on the enzymatic activity of POX2, POX3 and POX4 isozymes. The highest activity of peroxidase isozymes resulted for POX2 at application of10 mg Zn per kg of soil. The two ways interaction of soil moisture × Zn for POX3, POX2 and POX4 showed that the effect of Zn application on these esozymes were significant only under severe water deficit condition the highest activity of POX2 and POX3 were obtained at application of 10 mg Zn per kg dried soil and for POX4 under using of 20 mg Zn per kg soil condition.
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The present study is aimed to assessing the heavy metals concentrations in soil samples of auto-workshops and nearby ground water of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. Thirty Composite soilsamples were collected from auto-workshops and... more
The present study is aimed to assessing the heavy metals concentrations in soil samples of auto-workshops and nearby ground water of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. Thirty Composite soilsamples were collected from auto-workshops and thirty samples of ground water were collectedof the study area to analyzed for selected heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb&Zn) by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) (Perkin-Elmer model 700, USA). From study it is concluded that heavy metals concentrations in most of the soil samples were found within permissible limits except Zn values, which were found above the permissible limits. In water samples, some of the parameters including pH, Co, Ni, Zn and Mn values were found with in permissible limits while Pb, Cr and Fe at various locations points were noted above the permissible limit of WHO. So it is concluded that workshop area should be cemented and their effluent and waste should be treated properly before disposing off into the surrounding environment in order to eliminate the hazardous impacts on environment, agricultural soil and ground water resources.
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This study aims to determine the species richness and abundance of spiders in Sacred Mountain, Marawi City, Lanao del Sur, Philippines. Beat netting, vial tapping, and pitfall trapping methods were used to collect samples at elevations of... more
This study aims to determine the species richness and abundance of spiders in Sacred Mountain, Marawi City, Lanao del Sur, Philippines. Beat netting, vial tapping, and pitfall trapping methods were used to collect samples at elevations of 800, 900, and 1000 meters above sea level. Forty-three species belonging to 11 families were documented. Highest species richness was observed at 1000 meters above sea level. Leucauge argentina of family Tetragnathidae was the most abundant species. Family Salticidae had the highest number of species collected comprising 14 species. Overall spider collection was categorized into six guilds wherein the orb weavers occurred to be the most abundant. High diversity and more or less even distribution of spiders were observed in the area. Physico-chemical factors appear to affect the distribution of spider families Tetrahedron and Theridiidae as shown by canonical correspondence analysis.
Research Interests: Botany, Environmental Science, Research Methodology, Conservation Biology, Open Access, and 13 moreOpen Access Publishing, Educational Research, Ecology, Environmental Chemistry, Biodiversity, Environmental Sustainability, Biodiversity Research, Call for Papers, Guilds, Salticidae, Elevation, Tetragnathidae, and Orb weavers
Cereals-haricot bean intercropping is one of the commonly practiced agronomic practices in Ethiopia. Intercropping is the production of two or more crops simultaneously in both space and time. Field experiments were conducted at Wachemo... more
Cereals-haricot bean intercropping is one of the commonly practiced agronomic practices in Ethiopia. Intercropping is the production of two or more crops simultaneously in both space and time. Field experiments were conducted at Wachemo University main campus experimental field site, from June to October during the years 2022 cropping seasons. The aim of the study was to determine optimum space of intercropping haricot bean into the camelina cropping system under field condition. The experiment was laid out in completely randomize block design with combination of four haricot bean varieties, Local, Nesser, Redwolita and Ibado from Hawassa agriculture center and the four types of spacing for camelina were mono cropping, 40, 60, and 80cm spacing was used as a factor. Soil physico chemical analysis indicated that there was variation before planting and crop harvest. Planting haricot bean simultaneously all among spacing and mono cropping, and camelina was intercropped with haricot bean in the mentioned spacing. Intercropping was assessed on the basis of the performance of the main and component crops indices as grain yield, biomass weight, partial and total LER and competitive indices such as relative crowding coefficient (K), aggressively (A). There was no interaction between camelina and haricot bean varieties planting and spacing intercropping haricot bean in any of the indices studied. The effects of intercropping practice had no significant effects on all the indices considered during the study. But better yield parameters like number of branches, number of pods per pod, number of seeds per pod grain yield, tended to be higher in the Ibado variety and Red wolyta with spacin of camelina 60 and 80 c respectively. The results obtained showed that the greatest intercrop yields of camelina and haricot bean were obtained when both crops were planted at mono. The total land equivalent ratio (LERt) values were not obtained from intercropping of planting of camelina and haricot bean. The results of competitive indices indicate that camelina was the dominant crop in the mixture as measured by the positive values of A. in general as camelina is new emerging crop in the study area and intercropping with legume plants increased yield so that to come with sounding conclusion and recommendation similat works with different agro ecology and years should be done.
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Resin infiltration is one of the most advanced techniques used for the treatment of white spot lesions of enamel. In this technique, infiltration is performed through the application of resin to smooth surfaces of demineralized enamel.... more
Resin infiltration is one of the most advanced techniques used for the treatment of white spot lesions of enamel. In this technique, infiltration is performed through the application of resin to smooth surfaces of demineralized enamel. The objectives of this systematic review focused on resin infiltration for the treatment of enamel discolorations and white spot lesions. Data were searched from January 2000 to October 2022 by using keywords resin infiltration, white spot lesions, and enamel discoloration from PubMed, Google Scholar, Wiley, Taylor and Francis, Science Direct/Scopus, BMC, and Nature platforms. After screening duplicates and careful evaluation, only seven articles were selected to explore resin infiltration to treat enamel discolorations and white spot lesions. Although; the application of resin showed high efficacy in treating dental enamel defects and actively growing enamel lesions. Resin infiltration also reduces the demineralization cycle. It has been concluded that resin infiltration is an emerging technology; however, clinical evidence and trials lack the role of resin infiltration, and there is an urgent need for large-scale studies with a larger sample size with regular follow-up that explores the role of resin infiltration in dental therapy.
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The research was conducted at Cagayan State University Lal-lo, Cagayan from April 2021 to June 2022, to morphologically characterize and identify the existing coffee types in the valena site. Descriptive statistical design was applied.... more
The research was conducted at Cagayan State University Lal-lo, Cagayan from April 2021 to June 2022, to morphologically characterize and identify the existing coffee types in the valena site. Descriptive statistical design was applied. Finding reveals that Robusta, Excelsa and Liberica coffee obtained significant differences in physical and morphological characteristics such as formation, height, roots, leaves, flowers and berries. Thus, Robusta coffee has shallow roots, thin, curly, elliptical shapes with wavy margins leaves, white with five petals flowers, berries borne in heavy clusters, small and roundish and had a thin pulp. Trees are umbrella-shaped and grows 4.5-5 meters. For Excelsa coffee, root is deep, leaves are wide, shiny and bronze-violet, thick but thinner, smoother and more rounded than Liberica, has large white flowers with 6-7 petals. Berries borne in heavy cluster, pulp and parchment are thicker than Liberica and trees reaches 3-4 meters. As to Liberica coffee, root is also deep, leaves are thicker than Excelsa, sideways, lanceolate shaped, white flowers with 6-7 petals, produced the biggest berries among the three coffee types, borne singly or in small clusters, dark red when ripe, pulp is thick, and parchment is woody and have a protruding nipple. Trees are upright, straight trunks and grows 9-10 meters. Moreover, morphological characterization and identification are important for determining the identity of the three coffee types which are already 50-60 years old. Furthermore, rejuvenation, economic valuation and observation of the different life stages are highly recommended to provide readily available data for future coffee studies.
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Effectiveness of Formic acid (T1), Thymol (T2) and Queen caging (T3) alone and Formic acid + queen caging + thymol (T4), Formic acid + thymol (T5) in combination and Control (T6) was under Randomized Complete Design were investigated... more
Effectiveness of Formic acid (T1), Thymol (T2) and Queen caging (T3) alone and Formic acid + queen caging + thymol (T4), Formic acid + thymol (T5) in combination and Control (T6) was under Randomized Complete Design were investigated against honeybee ectoparasitic mite, Tropilaelaps clareae at Honeybee Research Institute (HBRI), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan in 2021. Formic acid (15 ml/colony), Thymol (4g/colony), Queen caging (21 days), Formic acid (10 ml/colony) + queen caging (14 days) + thymol (4 g/colony), Formic acid (10 ml/colony) + thymol (4 g/colony) were used in the honeybee, Apis mellifera colonies. Tropilaelaps clareae mites' infestation was recorded 24 hours before and after 7, 14, and 21 days in worker brood, with total dead fallen mites/hive on screened bottom board having white Formica sheet and Sidr honey production in kg per colony. Results of data analysis showed that all treatments performed well against Tropilaelaps clareae mites as compared to untreated control. Formic acid + queen caging + thymol (T4) used in combination was found the best in mean (98.29%) reducing Tropilaelaps clareae worker brood infestation, highest mean total dead fallen (410 mites/colony) and higher differed significantly Sidr (7.6 kg honey/colony) as compared to other treatments and control. Therefore, T4 was the most effective treatment in reducing the population of T. clareae mites. Formic acid + thymol (T5) in combination was found the second most effective treatment against T. clareae mites in this study.
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Mungbean is economically important crop as protein source substitute locally known as "Monggo". This experimental investigation assessed the response of Mungbean, Vigna radiata and the soil characteristics applied with four (4) treatment... more
Mungbean is economically important crop as protein source substitute locally known as "Monggo". This experimental investigation assessed the response of Mungbean, Vigna radiata and the soil characteristics applied with four (4) treatment with four replication such as T1-Control, T2-45-45-45kg NPK ha-1 , T3-20 t ha-1 chicken manure + 45kg P ha-1 , and T4 20 t ha-1 guano + 45kg P ha-1 in RCB design. Comparison of means revealed that all treatments do not give significant differences in plant height, number of leaves, weight of pods, weight of grains, weight of oven dried roots and shoots but only no of pods and nodulation were significant provided by ANOVA. The sufficient soil nutrient availability and high Phosphorous content provided by soil chemical analysis influences the growth and yield, dry matter and root nodules in control pots and at par performance results with the application of NPK, Chicken manure + P, and Guano + P. However soil property analysis after study duration revealed moderately alkaline pH,% 2.4-2.6% SOM, high to excessive P, and high K level indicative that soil condition improves with application of chicken and guano manure with Phosphorous addition compare to NPK + P. Furthermore, an increment of means on the number and weight of pods, weight of grains and dry matter of roots and shoots observed in the potted V. radiata L. supplemented with phosphorous rich organic fertilizer specifically chicken manure. Thus, Phosphorous supplementation increases growth and yield in leguminous V. radiata L. in this study.
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This study sought to investigate the relationship existing between laboratory facility availability and students' academic performance in Biology across Secondary School in Ethiope East L.G.A., of Delta State, Nigeria. In the course of... more
This study sought to investigate the relationship existing between laboratory facility availability and students' academic performance in Biology across Secondary School in Ethiope East L.G.A., of Delta State, Nigeria. In the course of this study, three research questions were developed and three null hypotheses were formulated. The study used was delimited to senior secondary schools two (SSII) because it is at this stage students are being exposed to practical activities that require the usage of laboratory facilities and equipment. A descriptive survey design was used while the sample of the study was made up of one hundred and three (103) respondents. The study employed a questionnaire as an instrument to gather data. The data collected was analysis Chi-square and t-test statistics. The results revealed a significant difference in academic performance of students having fairly adequate laboratory facilities in their school compared to those with in school having inadequate laboratory facilities for biology practical. Difference was also recorded in terms of the performance of male and female students in biology. No significant difference was obtained in the supplies of biology laboratory facilities in private schools and those in public schools. It was suggested that science/biology laboratory facilities should be provided to biology teachers to enable them to know how to handle the facilities.
Research Interests: Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, Open Access, Open Access Publishing, Educational Research, and 11 morePlant Biology, Biology, Research, Peer Review, Journal of Biosciences, Academic Performance, Correlation, Biosciences, Impact of Socio-Economic Status on Academic Performance, Aerospace Laboratory Facilities, and Peer-review
This preliminary research used long microfiber from water chesnut (Eleocharis dulcis) which is a weed plant in South Kalimantan, as a composite reinforcement material. This study aimed to study the effect of 6% NaOH alkalizing treatment... more
This preliminary research used long microfiber from water chesnut (Eleocharis dulcis) which is a weed plant in South Kalimantan, as a composite reinforcement material. This study aimed to study the effect of 6% NaOH alkalizing treatment and ultra-sonication on the properties of a long microfiber of water chesnut, especially for their chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. Firstly, the fiber of water chesnut was alkalizing by NaOH. This 6% NaOH treatment has reduced the moisture content of the fibers and their chemical components (lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose) while the density and tensile strength of the fibers were increased. The process continued by bleaching and ultra-sonication the fiber to create a long microfiber. The water content of fibers after alkalizing treatment and ultra-sonication has met the SNI standard. Alkalizing treatment reduced the fiber size by 373.05 µm, and in the form of microfiber, before ultra-sonication was 4.28-5.96 µm and after ultra-sonication was 3.17-4.00 µm. The tensile strength of long microfiber could not measure but after alkalized, it increased significantly, from 354.25 to 3,282.10 MPa. Therefore, it is recommended that this long water chesnut microfiber is very good when used as a reinforcing material in the manufacture of composites because it will blend better with the matrix.
Research Interests: Research Methodology, Open Access, Open Access Publishing, Educational Research, Water resources, and 15 moreBiology, Composite Materials, Natural Fiber Composites, Peer Review, Natural Fiber Reinforced Thermolastic Composites, Research and Publications, Research papers, Call for Papers, Research Paper Publishing, Natural Fibers, Chesnutt, Standardization of NaOH, Microfibers, Reinforcing Materials, and International Journal of Biosciences-ijb
The composition and distribution of the fish community in the Marine Protected Area (MPA) of the Niamone-Kalounayes was studied using monthly experimental fisheries from July 2020 to June 2021. A total of 45 fish species from 22 families... more
The composition and distribution of the fish community in the Marine Protected Area (MPA) of the Niamone-Kalounayes was studied using monthly experimental fisheries from July 2020 to June 2021. A total of 45 fish species from 22 families were captured in the MPA. September dominates the population in abundance (27.51%) and biomass (23.55%) while the specific richness is more important in December (27 species), September (26 species), July, October and February (25 species each) and in the confluence of the Tobor bolong (34 species). Cichlidae and Mugilidae dominate the community with 86.92% of the total abundance for a biomass of 65.64%. The ecological categories are largely dominated by species with a strong estuarine affinity. They represent about 98% of the total abundance and 97.79% of the total biomass. Herbivores (mainly predating phytoplankton or microphytophage) are the most represented in this study. Juveniles represented 70% of the captured individuals. Canonical Analysis of Correspondence of abiotic parameters showed that temperature and salinity might influence the distribution of fish assemblages in the MPA of Niamone-Kalounayes.
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Shigella spp. is strict human pathogens that cause shigellosis (bloody diarrhea) and are linked to a significant amount of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Shigella sonnei causes 90% of shigellosis cases and most of them became... more
Shigella spp. is strict human pathogens that cause shigellosis (bloody diarrhea) and are linked to a significant amount of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Shigella sonnei causes 90% of shigellosis cases and most of them became resistant to traditional antibiotics. The bacterial genome has been discovered, but there are some proteins whose function is not known. This in silico study was conducted to characterize the hypothetical protein RUK71877.1 of S. sonnei. Different bioinformatics web tools were utilized such as BLASTp, ProtParam, CELLO, Jalview etc. to determine the likely function of the hypothetical sequences by searching Sequence Databases for orthologous enzymatic conserved domains. Molecular modeling, energy minimization and docking analysis was evaluated to further validate our findings. In the study our target hypothetical protein RUK71877.1 showed highly similarity with IrmA Family protein. The protein is found to be outer-membrane and has an important role in Shigella sonnei pathogenicity. In NCBI-CD search the target protein was found to have functioned as interleukin receptor mimic protein A which also showed higher affinity with IL-4R in docking analysis. In silico drug development for the treatment of Shigellosis may use these newly predicted hypothetical proteins as potential drug targets in the future. It can also be utilized as target protein in vaccine construction. Our thorough investigation will contribute to identifying a vast range of therapeutic targets and a better knowledge of how to build unique possible treatment strategies to combat the Shigella infection.
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Silk, being the "queen of textiles", passes through various procedures to ensure its quality. Pre-treatment is the process of soaking raw silk in a solution consisting of soap, oil, and water. Its primary purpose is to smoothen and... more
Silk, being the "queen of textiles", passes through various procedures to ensure its quality. Pre-treatment is the process of soaking raw silk in a solution consisting of soap, oil, and water. Its primary purpose is to smoothen and elasticize the raw silk to expedite throwing operations. This paper aimed to modify the soaking solution for raw silk being used at DMMMSU-Sericulture Research and Development Institute, to improve the quality of fabric produced. The study utilized an experimental research design, using raw silk from silkworm hybrid DMMMSU 406. Pre-treatment was done using three types of edible oils such as castor oil, corn oil, and coconut oil as soaking agents with a material liquor ratio of 1:4:5:6. All the treatments passed the standards for breaking strength, dimensional change, and colorfastness. Results revealed that coconut oil had the lowest registered number of breaks, and the highest registered reflectance percentage. The same treatment also performed better in terms of cleanness, evenness, and neatness test.
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This study described growth, mortality, recruitment patterns and exploitation rates of 15 fish species in Grand-Lahou lagoon (Côte d'Ivoire). Monthly length-frequency data collected from artisanal fisheries from November 2013 to October... more
This study described growth, mortality, recruitment patterns and exploitation rates of 15 fish species in Grand-Lahou lagoon (Côte d'Ivoire). Monthly length-frequency data collected from artisanal fisheries from November 2013 to October 2014 were analyzed with FiSAT software using the ELEFAN package to estimate the population parameters of fishes. Asymptotic values for total length (L∞) ranged from 15.75 cm for Synodontis schall to 59.80 cm for Trachinotus teraia. Growth rate (k) varied from 0.19 for Coptodon guineensis to 0.98 for Caranx hippos. The growth performance index estimates were close to the values found by other authors for most of the fish species. The total mortality (Z) high values were recorded for Synodontis schall (Z= 4.15 year-1 ; M = 2.50 year-1) Schilbe mandibularis (Z= 2.19 year-1 ; M=1.33 year-1). Fishing mortality (F) and exploitation rate (E) were found to be less than the optimum levels of exploitation for most fish species. The exploitation rate (E) was higher than the maximum sustainable yield (Emax) for Caranx hippos and higher than E0.5 for Eucinostomus melanopterus, Elops lacerta and Synodontis schall. Recruitment was noted as year-round and bimodal for most studied populations. These results demonstrate that some fish stocks necessitate effective management measures particularly C. hippos, E. melanopterus, E. lacerta and S. schall.
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To evaluate the impact of rice production on malaria transmission in the district of Malanville in northern Benin, an entomological study was carried out from January to December 2021. Therefore, human landing catches (HLC) activities... more
To evaluate the impact of rice production on malaria transmission in the district of Malanville in northern Benin, an entomological study was carried out from January to December 2021. Therefore, human landing catches (HLC) activities were conducted over two consecutive nights in 6 random houses selected from each study site for adult mosquito collection monthly. Additionally, indoor pyrethrum spray catches (PSC) were done in 6 additional houses at each study site. This scheme of mosquito sampling was the same each month during the study period. Female mosquitoes collected by HLC particularly the Head-thoraces of these mosquitoes were tested for the presence of circumsporozoite protein (CSP). Mosquitoes collected by PSC were used for species identification based on the Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technic. Results from this study showed a total of 63,012 female mosquitoes were caught from the two methods whereas 58,285 were by HLC. Plasmodium falciparum was mainly transmitted by Anopheles gambiae s.s and Anopheles arabiensis where malaria transmission was high from June to November during the rainy season and declined during the dry season (December-May). The average entomological inoculation rate (EIR) was significantly higher during the rainy season compared to the dry season (p<0.05). These findings showed that rice production increased mosquito fauna but doesn't have a significant impact on malaria transmission. Therefore, communities living close to rice production areas will permanently be exposed to mosquito bites throughout the year.
Research Interests: Molecular Biology, Open Access Publishing, Biology, Malaria, Malaria and other Infectious Diseases, and 10 moreJournal of Biosciences, Biological Sciences, Benin, Malaria Research, Biosciences, Mosquitoes and Mosquito-borne diseases, Rice production, Mosquitoes, Biological Researches, and Genetics of mosquitoes
This study aimed to assess the safety and health of contractors in Zamboanga Del Norte, Philip-pines, in terms of workforce, workplace, and work implements. It also aimed to evaluate compliance with occupational health and safety... more
This study aimed to assess the safety and health of contractors in Zamboanga Del Norte, Philip-pines, in terms of workforce, workplace, and work implements. It also aimed to evaluate compliance with occupational health and safety standards regarding occupational safety and health training, a health and safety plan, civil works activities, and heavy equipment operations. It combined quantitative research with a self-created questionnaire that explains and forecasts concepts that can be applied to other people and locations and objectively measures the variable(s) of interest, selected, constructed, and standardized with validity and reliability in mind. The findings revealed that respondents only partially adhered to construction safety and health in personnel, workplace, and work equipment. Occupational health and safety criteria were partially met in occupational safety and health training, health and safety plans, civil works activities, and heavy equipment operations. The Level of Compliance for construction safety and health was also partially met. As a result, it is advised that construction companies will adopt the revised construction safety model.
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Zar Dheri Buddhist complex is one of the few sites systematically explored and scientifically excavated by professional archaeologists. The site is located to the right side of Shinkiari-Tambah road, a link road starting from the... more
Zar Dheri Buddhist complex is one of the few sites systematically explored and scientifically excavated by professional archaeologists. The site is located to the right side of Shinkiari-Tambah road, a link road starting from the Karakuram Highway leading to Dadar and beyond. The site was for the first time documented by H. Hargreaves in 1922 (Hargreaves, 1923). It was later on excavated by the Tokyo National Museum Archaeological Mission (hereafter TNMAM) to Pakistan from 1995-99 in collaboration with the Department of Archaeology and Museums (henceforth DOAM), Government of Pakistan. These field investigations at the site revealed some remarkable discoveries including 146 stone sculptures/architectural elements, coins and ceramics. But the most important discovery revealed at the site was the exceptional cruciform stupa with flight of steps provided on each cardinal side (Yoshihide, 2011). This stupa has recently been declared as the earliest of all the cruciform stupas yet discovered from the entire South Asia (Hameed, 2018). But despite of its rich archaeological and historical potential, the site is constantly losing its authenticity due to natural disaster and human vandalism. The present study therefore aims to highlight the management issues and device mechanism to minimize the threats to the site.
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Hydroponic technology has many benefits that it is highly productive and conserves water and land most especially if natural resources are scarce. Normally, plants grow inside a greenhouse that controls temperature, light, water and... more
Hydroponic technology has many benefits that it is highly productive and conserves water and land most especially if natural resources are scarce. Normally, plants grow inside a greenhouse that controls temperature, light, water and nutrition. The study was conducted to evaluate the performance of different growing substrates on lettuce under a non-circulating hydroponics system. It was conducted at Cagayan State University-Piat Campus from September to October 2019. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications was used to test the following treatments: T1-Rockwool, T2-Coco peat, T3-Carbonized Rice Hull (CRH) and T4-Sawdust. Results show that plants under coco coir (T2)-obtained the tallest and longest roots while the most number of leaves and heaviest fresh biomass was registered in rock wool (T1). In terms of water pH, the result revealed no significant differences among treatment means. In the absence of rock wool, the coco coir can be used as an alternative as growing substrates for a non-circulating hydroponics system since they did not differ significantly.
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Areca (betel) nut (Areca catechu) is regarded as one of the most addictive masticatory substances in the world, with approximately 600 million users globally. Extensively grown and found in India, China and Indonesia; areca nut is also... more
Areca (betel) nut (Areca catechu) is regarded as one of the most addictive masticatory substances in the world, with approximately 600 million users globally. Extensively grown and found in India, China and Indonesia; areca nut is also native to many other countries of the South and Southeast Asia. Its usage and beneficial effects have been reviewed since centuries. The systemic effects associated with areca nut usage have been in the limelight for many years. This review provides a narrative insight to assess and collate published data that reports the harmful effects of areca nut. An electronic search amassed literature from the NCBI and Google Scholar databases with the help of keywords. Various studies on the correlation of areca nut and its effect on the oral health, metabolism and the incidence of cancer were selected. Its usage is reported to be associated with cancers of the oral cavity, esophagus, pharynx, liver and has been declared a human group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). It is also associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. Hence, there is a dire need to identify the role of areca nut as a causative agent of cancer and several other health disorders. Clinical evidence has indicated and proved that the use of areca nut causes several types of head and neck cancers, as to effects on intracellular levels of GSH, and on tumor suppressing gene P53 are quite evident clinical evidence has indicated and proved that the use of areca nut causes several types of head and neck cancers, as to effects on intracellular levels of GSH, and on tumor suppressing gene P53 are quite evident.
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International Journal of Biosciences | IJB, an open access scholarly research journal on biological research published their April issue 2021, under the volume of 18. IJB Journal is an affiliated journal of the International Network For... more
International Journal of Biosciences | IJB, an open access scholarly research journal on biological research published their April issue 2021, under the volume of 18. IJB Journal is an affiliated journal of the International Network For Natural Sciences, an open access scholarly research journals publishing company.
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The tenderness and quality of meat is very concerning for meat consumers. Meat tenderness relies on connective tissue, and muscle proteolytic ability. The use of various chemical tenders is the subject of the majority of research studies... more
The tenderness and quality of meat is very concerning for meat consumers. Meat tenderness relies on connective tissue, and muscle proteolytic ability. The use of various chemical tenders is the subject of the majority of research studies on the meat tenderness. However, there are certain drawbacks of these chemical tenders on one or the other sensory characteristics of meat. Few natural tenderizers may be used to counteract these adverse effects of chemical goods. Natural tenderizers are certain vegetables and fruits containing proteolytic enzymes that are responsible for rough meat tenderization. The use of exogenous proteases to enhance the tenderness of meat received tremendous interest in order to consistently produce meat tenderness as well as add value to low-grade cuts. The overview elaborates the sources, characteristics, and uses of plant proteases for the tenderization of meat. Furthermore, it highlights the impact of plant protease on the meat quality and effect on the meat proteins. Plant enzymes (including papain, ficin and bromelain) have been thoroughly studied as tenderizers for meat. The efficient use of such enzymes in raw meat calls for the determination of their enzyme kinetics and features and an understanding of the effect of the meat surrounding ambient (pH, temperature) conditions upon enzyme function. This allows for the creation of optimum conditions for tendering fresh meat and the removal or mitigation of any harmful effects on other quality characteristics.
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The potato (Solanum tuberosum) production in the Far North Region, Cameroon is confronted with, diseases and pests. To improve the production of this plant, a study was carried out in Mouvou and Gouria to evaluate the impact of... more
The potato (Solanum tuberosum) production in the Far North Region, Cameroon is confronted with, diseases and pests. To improve the production of this plant, a study was carried out in Mouvou and Gouria to evaluate the impact of fertilizers on the development of late blight and early blight diseases of this plant. The experimental design used was a completely randomized block with 4 treatments: Mycorrhizae (MYC), NPK (20-10-10) chemical fertilizers, chicken droppings (CD) and a control (T). The plant material used was a local variety of potato (Dosa). Disease incidence and severity and rainfall were evaluated. Area Under Disease Progress Curve was calculated. At 60 DAS, mean incidences recorded for fertilizers were 5.7, 3.6, 1.8 and 0.8 % respectively for control, MYC, NPK and CD. In general, early blight severity decreased from 22.1% at 45 DAS to 0.3 % at 60 DAS. The highest AUDPC value of late blight at Mouvou site was observed in NPK treatment while potato in CD treatment had the lowest. The lowest AUDPC value of early blight was observed in CD treatment at both sites. AUDSIPC value for late blight was significantly higher in NPK treatment in both sites. The highest value of AUDPSIC of early blight was recorded in MYC treatment, 45 DAS in both sites. The average rainfall was higher in the Gouria site (716.5mm) than in Mouvou site (679 mm). The CD treatment can be recommended to the farmers for the phytosanitary protection of potatoes.
Research Interests: Agronomy, Research Methodology, Open Access, Open Access Publishing, Biology, and 10 moreAgriculture, Journal of Biosciences, Biosciences, Late Blight Plant Disease, Organic Fertilizers, Fertilizers, Tomato diseases,(early blight and late blight blight) and their management, Solanum Tuberosum, Early Blight, and AUDPC
Nutrient solution concentration is one of the most practical and effective ways of controlling and improving the yield and nutritional quality of crops for human consumption. The study was conducted to determine the effect of natural... more
Nutrient solution concentration is one of the most practical and effective ways of controlling and improving the yield and nutritional quality of crops for human consumption. The study was conducted to determine the effect of natural farming inputs as nutrient source applied at different levels on hydroponically grown lettuce. It was conducted at Cagayan State University-Piat Campus from September to October 2019. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications was used to test the following treatments: T1-25ml SNAP solution (Control), T2-5grams Master Blend (Control), T3-10ml SNAP+5ml FFJ+5ml FPJ+15ml KAA, T4-10ml SNAP+5ml FFJ+5ml FPJ+15ml KAA, T5-10ml SNAP+5ml FFJ+5ml FPJ+20ml KAA, T6-10ml SNAP+5ml FFJ+5ml FPJ+20ml FAA, T7-20ml KAA and 20ml FAA. The plants are grown in T1 (SNAP solution) consistently produced the tallest, number of leaves, longest roots and the heaviest fresh weight per plant. Master Blend can also be used as a nutrient solution for hydroponics since they are not significantly different from each other. Plants in T7 applied with 20ml KAA and 20ml FAA can also be used as a nutrient solution. However, only there was a delay of one week in maturity which is 37 days as compared with commercial (SNAP and Master Blend) having 30 days maturity. In the absence of SNAP solution and master blend, the fermented Fish Amino Acid (FAA) and Kuhol Amino Acid (KAA) as organic is a potential culture media for hydroponically lettuce production.
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ESBL producing Enterobacteriacae harbouring multidrug-resistant plasmids is an emerging worldwide threat. One of the major concerns is the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) to Quinolones which has hindered the... more
ESBL producing Enterobacteriacae harbouring multidrug-resistant plasmids is an emerging worldwide threat. One of the major concerns is the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) to Quinolones which has hindered the viability of these antibiotics. To date, very little data is available regarding the coexistence of ESBL and PMQR in Pakistan. This study aimed to detect PMQR genes in clinical isolates of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae in the city of Rawalpindi. A total of 60 clinical ESBL positive Enterobacteriaceae isolates were obtained from hospitalized patients at Holy family Hospital, Rawalpindi. It included strains of E. coli (n=24), K. pneumoniae (n=25), and Enterobacter spp (n=11). Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the standard disk diffusion method. Genes encoding quinolone resistance (qnrA, qnrB and qnrS) were detected using PCR. Out of 60 tested strains, 38 (63%) yielded PMQR determinants. QnrB was the most prevalent occurring alone and in combination with other qnr genes in about 89% (34/38) of the ESBL producing isolates. It was followed by qnrS (22/38 i.e 58%) and qnrA (12/38 i.e 32%). E.coli was the predominant qnrA (43%) and qnrS (69%) harbouring species.
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Recently, advance bio-sensing devices have given considerable importance, because of their capability to identify the target compounds promptly. In this context,2 nd generation glucose biosensor has been fabricated using natural redox... more
Recently, advance bio-sensing devices have given considerable importance, because of their capability to identify the target compounds promptly. In this context,2 nd generation glucose biosensor has been fabricated using natural redox compound, 5-methyl 1, hydroxyphenazine (5-MHP)obtained from P. aeruginosa. Amperometric detection was based on interaction of glucose with the working electrode loaded with activated carbon (AC), 5-MHP and glucose oxidase (GOx), AC/5-MHP/GOx. Working electrodes prepared at three different temperatures 4 o C, 25 o C and 47 o C, sensitively detect glucose andshowed the linear ranges of R 2 = 0.98, R 2 = 0.98 and R 2 = 0.99 respectively with detection limit of 0.3µM at signal-to-noise ratio (S/N)=3. It was found that GOx immobilization temperature directly influence the long term efficiency of glucose biosensor. Electrode fabricated at 4 o C exhibited greater operational stability i.e. 74% followed by 25 o C (68%) and 47 o C (48%). Furthermore, theresponse timewith eachglucoseconcentration (2.0 to 26.0mM) was relatively less i.e. 2s, for enzyme electrode fabricated at 4 o C whereas it was 4s and 5s for working electrodes prepared at 25 o C and 47 o C respectively.
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With Enterococcus species in the leading cause of nosocomial infections and resistance to an array of antibiotics, this study focused to determine the frequency and distribution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, the presence of... more
With Enterococcus species in the leading cause of nosocomial infections and resistance to an array of antibiotics, this study focused to determine the frequency and distribution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, the presence of virulence genes and to determine the relative nucleotide sequence relatedness among isolates using 16S rRNA sequence. A random sampling of 120 fecal samples of cattle, poultry, and piggery, and human clinical isolates was analyzed. Standard bacteriological methods were employed in the isolation and characterization of isolates and the disk diffusion method was used in determining their antibiotic resistance profiles. Results showed Enterococcus species in cattle at 100%, followed by clinical isolates at 80%. Vancomycin resistance was observed at high rates in Enterococcus species from human clinical isolates and cattle isolates at 90% and 80% respectively. Multiple antibiotic-resistant isolates yielded twelve resistance profiles and 16S rDNA sequences identified E. faecalis, E. durans, E. mundtii, and Enterococcus sp. Isolates from cattle samples were the most probable source of clinical isolates at 78% homology of conserved regions with the clinical isolates. Virulence determinant genes Asa1 was recorded at66.6%, Cyl at 16.6% and GelE at 8.3% among the isolates. This study established farm animals as possible reservoirs of VRE isolates to man. Hence, healthy and professional practices among animal farmers with antibiotic usage, as well as hygienic and preventive measures among hospital workers are here recommended.
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This study was conducted to determine the potential of agricultural waste such as carbonized rice hull (CRH) liquid extract as a source of silica and other nutrients for cucumber production. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized... more
This study was conducted to determine the potential of agricultural waste such as carbonized rice hull (CRH) liquid extract as a source of silica and other nutrients for cucumber production. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three treatments and three replications. The treatments were 1) full recommended rate inorganic fertilizer (RRIF), 2) full RRIF plus RHA liquid extract and 3) half RRIF plus RHA liquid extract. Plots treated with liquid extract gave significant results compared with the RRIF alone, however, treatment 2 and 3 were comparable. This implies that application of half RRIF could meet the nutrient requirement of cucumber when applied with supplemental liquid extracts from carbonized rice hull. Further study on the effects of this liquid fertilizer for other crops is therefore recommended.
Research Interests: Soil Science, Agronomy, Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, Biology, and 12 moreAgriculture, Silicon, Journal of Biosciences, Cucumber, Biological Sciences, Silicon Carbide, Biosciences, Silica Extraction From Rise Husk, CRH, Comparative Stude of Organic and Inorganic Mulching on Growth and Yield of Cucumber, Rice Hull Ash, and International Network for Natural Sciences
The present research studies were carried out in the Hayatabad Industrial Estate Peshawar to analyze the concentration of the Lead (Pb) in the soil and plant parts (Root and Shoots). Metals were analyzed in the soil of the root zone, in... more
The present research studies were carried out in the Hayatabad Industrial Estate Peshawar to analyze the concentration of the Lead (Pb) in the soil and plant parts (Root and Shoots). Metals were analyzed in the soil of the root zone, in root and shoot of each plant. Phytoremediation potential of the analyzed plants grown in their natural habitats was evaluated by the calculation of Bioconcentration Factor (BCF), Translocation Factor (TF) and Bioaccumulation Coefficient (BAC). Among all fifty plants species only Ten (10) species were found hyper accumulator for Lead. However most of the plant species showed feasibility for the phytoremediation; phytostabilization and phytoextraction of the selected heavy metals. Based on concentration of lead (Pb) in shoots and BCFs, TFs and BACs values twenty (20) plants were found most efficient plants for the phytoextraction of Lead (Pb). These plant species were found efficient for the phytoextraction of lead metal from the analyzed plants and soil. Similarly based on the concentration of the lead in roots and BCFs, TFs and BACs values twenty (20) plants were found efficient for the phytostabilization of lead (Pb). These plants species may be used for the phyto-immobilization of the mentioned metal contaminated soil.
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Metal corrosion is brought about by the oxidation of atoms on the surface, resulting in irreversible damage to structures at staggering costs. Hence, the search for efficient and cost-effective corrosion inhibitors is relevant. Waste... more
Metal corrosion is brought about by the oxidation of atoms on the surface, resulting in irreversible damage to structures at staggering costs. Hence, the search for efficient and cost-effective corrosion inhibitors is relevant. Waste agricultural by-products which have no food or economic value serve as good potential sources for these environmentally benign corrosion inhibitors. Ethanolic extracts of Red Dragon Fruit (RDF) have been previously reported to contain high amounts of flavonoids and polyphenols, which can manifest inhibitory activity against corrosion brought about by aggressive electrolytes. In this study, the ethanolic extract of Selenicereus costaricensis waste peels was tested for its anti-corrosion property using weight loss method. We have also probed its performance as a potential corrosion inhibitor at a range of different temperatures from 303 to 343 K. The calculated inhibition efficiency of 2% RDF was 97%. Thermodynamic studies reveal that increasing inhibitor concentration raises the activation parameters of mild steel in an acidic medium such as activation energy (Ea) and changes in enthalpy (DHo) and entropy (DSo). It was found that the corrosion inhibition process using RDF waste peel extract mainly occurs under diffusion control. Moreover, increased immersion time, inhibitor concentration, and temperature led to increased inhibition efficiency. The spontaneous process (DGoads = -23.47 kJ/mol) of adsorption of RDF on mild steel surfaces obeys the Langmuir isotherm model.
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With Enterococcus species in the leading cause of nosocomial infections and resistance to an array of antibiotics, this study focused to determine the frequency and distribution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, the presence of... more
With Enterococcus species in the leading cause of nosocomial infections and resistance to an array of antibiotics, this study focused to determine the frequency and distribution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, the presence of virulence genes and to determine the relative nucleotide sequence relatedness among isolates using 16S rRNA sequence. A random sampling of 120 fecal samples of cattle, poultry, and piggery, and human clinical isolates was analyzed. Standard bacteriological methods were employed in the isolation and characterization of isolates and the disk diffusion method was used in determining their antibiotic resistance profiles. Results showed Enterococcus species in cattle at 100%, followed by clinical isolates at 80%. Vancomycin resistance was observed at high rates in Enterococcus species from human clinical isolates and cattle isolates at 90% and 80% respectively. Multiple antibiotic-resistant isolates yielded twelve resistance profiles and 16S rDNA sequences identified E. faecalis, E. durans, E. mundtii, and Enterococcus sp. Isolates from cattle samples were the most probable source of clinical isolates at 78% homology of conserved regions with the clinical isolates. Virulence determinant genes Asa1 was recorded at66.6%, Cyl at 16.6% and GelE at 8.3% among the isolates. This study established farm animals as possible reservoirs of VRE isolates to man. Hence, healthy and professional practices among animal farmers with antibiotic usage, as well as hygienic and preventive measures among hospital workers are here recommended.
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Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the IL17A gene are associated with many types of cancer. Therefore, the identification of functional and structural polymorphisms in IL17A is important to study and determine therapeutic targets and... more
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the IL17A gene are associated with many types of cancer. Therefore, the identification of functional and structural polymorphisms in IL17A is important to study and determine therapeutic targets and their potential impact. In this study, several computational methods have been used to identify non-synonymous SNPs that are deleterious in the IL17A gene, including SIFT, PolyPhen2, PROVEAN, SNAP. PhD-SNP, SNP&GO and Pmut were used to predict disease-associated nsSNPs. I-mutant and Mupro were used to predict protein stability. ConSurf was used to predict conserved residues and functional regions of the protein. Finally, SOPMA followed by Project Hope software was used to predict the effect of these mutations on protein structure and function. Our study concludes that ten nsSNPs (R69Q, A92S, C94S, R95C, C99F, D107G, V121I, V142M, T145I and P149L) were shown to be potentially deleterious in IL17A. The present study represents a comprehensive in silico analysis of the IL17A gene and will be a useful tool for future studies.
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Knowledge of the chemical composition of seagrass is important both for the assessment of the nutritional value of marine invertebrate or vertebrate herbivores and for the evaluation of potential sources of protein, carbohydrates, and... more
Knowledge of the chemical composition of seagrass is important both for the assessment of the nutritional value of marine invertebrate or vertebrate herbivores and for the evaluation of potential sources of protein, carbohydrates, and lipids for commercial use or for possible human consumption. While phytochemical screening provides basic information about the medicinal importance of the plant extract and are lead compound for drug discoveries. Proximate composition and phytochemical analyses were determined on the seagrass Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii using standard methods on a dry basis. The result of the proximate composition showed that Enhalus acoroides contained 9.35% crude protein, 0.07% crude lipid, 54.94% carbohydrate contents and 35.64% ash. While Thalassia hemprichii contained 14.98% crude protein, 0.17% crude lipid, 52.87% carbohydrate contents and 31.98% ash. The phytochemicals detected in the methanolic extracts of Enhalus acoroides were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins, and steroids. While for Thalassia hemprichii were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins, triterpenoids and steroids. The results indicate that seagrass Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii are good potential sources of highly nutritious feed stuff and the different active secondary metabolites along with significant bioactive potential might be helpful for the future pharmaceutical applications.
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Cashew is an important cash crop in India but the incidence of diseases incur considerable losses in cashew plantations leading to reduction both in terms of quality and quantity. The present investigation was to study the fungi... more
Cashew is an important cash crop in India but the incidence of diseases incur considerable losses in cashew plantations leading to reduction both in terms of quality and quantity. The present investigation was to study the fungi associated with cashew plant in Odisha in view of the warm and humid climate. Isolation, identification, pathogenicity test and nutritional study of the test fungi as well as the control was undertaken in vitro. The result of the study revealed that seven species of fungi namely Pestalotiopsis palmarum, Phyllosticta sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Chaetomium brassiliense were responsible for various diseases. Pestalotiopsis palmarum and Phyllosticta sp. were found to cause leaf spots; Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing leaf spot, die back and gummosis of stem; Botryodiplodia theobromae causing inflorescence blight, die-back of twigs and stem gummosis; Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani causing seedling blight and root rot and Chaetomium brassiliense being responsible for causing storage rots in cashew nuts. Pathogenicity test revealed that all the test fungi were pathogenic to their respective host parts except stem gummosis. The results of the nutritional study on different solid media indicated that Malt Extract Agar medium supported the maximum mycelial growth of all the test fungi except Chaetomium brassiliense and Phyllosticta sp. In-vitro antifungal activity of some selected fungicides indicated that Bavistin could control all the pathogenic fungi by 100 %. Further studies can recommend suitable control measures for the farmers and commercial growers.
Research Interests: Botany, Research Methodology, Conservation Biology, Molecular Biology, Open Access, and 12 moreOpen Access Publishing, Educational Research, Biology, Fungi, Research, Biological Sciences, Call for Papers, STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF WORKING WOMAN& NON WORKING WOMAN IN URBAN SLUM, Anacardium occidentale L., Cashew plant, Nutritional study, and Pathogenicity test and fungicide
Dyes are present in the waste waters due to waste mismanagement in industries. Due to its toxicity their removal from water bodiesis necessary. These dyes can be removed by adsorption on activated carbon and this method is an alternative... more
Dyes are present in the waste waters due to waste mismanagement in industries. Due to its toxicity their removal from water bodiesis necessary. These dyes can be removed by adsorption on activated carbon and this method is an alternative eco-friendly solution of dye removal compared to many other methods. In this study methylene blue (MB) dye was removed by using Tectonagrandis (Sagwan) wood which was activated chemically by using nitric acid (2ml per 100g). Several parameters such as dye concentration (10-60mg/100ml), activated carbon dosage (1-6g), contact time (30-210 minutes), temperature (25-45 o C) and pH (2-10) were examined at 200rpm rotation speed in batch mode experiments. By increasing the initial dye concentration, the percentage dye removal was decreased while by increasing the adsorbent dosage, pH and temperature the percentage dye removal increased. Maximum dye removal was observed at 30min. Maximum percentage of dye removal observed was 99.27%. This was achieved at 60mg of dye concentration, adsorbent dosage of 6g and contact time of 150 minutes. According to the results it was observed that the sagwan wood sawdust has highest capacity for the removal of methylene blue dye.
Research Interests: Botany, Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, Open Access Publishing, Biology, and 12 moreWastewater Treatment, Natural Dyes and their applications, Activated Carbon, Textile Dyeing, Biosciences, Call for Papers, Natural Dyes, Methylene Blue, Biomass Wastes, Sagwan wood, Tectonagrandis, and International Journal of Biosciences-ijb
Current research work was conducted to determine impact of various genotypes and heat on shelf life of apple. Study was carried out in vitro. Effect of temperature on lesion diameter of fungal growth in most prominent apple fruit... more
Current research work was conducted to determine impact of various genotypes and heat on shelf life of apple. Study was carried out in vitro. Effect of temperature on lesion diameter of fungal growth in most prominent apple fruit varieties growing in Pakistan was assessed. Four temperature (5, 15, 25 and 35°C) treatments were provided to fruits of each variety after inoculation with spore suspension adjusted at 10 6 spores/ml and growth of P. expansum was measured for 12 days at 3 days interval. Pathogen showed maximum growth (23mm) at 25°C while minimum (11mm) at 5°C in all varieties and moderate growth was observed at 15°C and 35°C. Golden delicious apple which have thin cuticle and prone to injuries more frequently as compared to other varieties was found most susceptible at all temperatures while Red delicious proved to be the most resistant against growth of pathogen at all temperature sets comparatively. It was concluded that Red delicious is most resistant against pathogen studied consequently can be saved for longer time without providing extraordinary conditions while Golden delicious apple should be kept in special environment to reduce damage of product after harvesting due to its most susceptibility against blue most disease.
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To evaluate Apis mellifera impact on pod and seed yields of Vigna unguiculata, its foraging and pollinating activities were studied in Bilone during the rainy season of 2016 and 2017. Treatments included unlimited flowers access by all... more
To evaluate Apis mellifera impact on pod and seed yields of Vigna unguiculata, its foraging and pollinating activities were studied in Bilone during the rainy season of 2016 and 2017. Treatments included unlimited flowers access by all visitors, bagged flowers to avoid all insects' pollinators and limited of single visit of A. mellifera worker. For each year of study, observations were made on 40±7 flowers per treatments. Apis mellifera foraging behavior and its pollination efficiency were evaluated. Results show that this bee foraged nectar and pollen on V. unguiculata flowers during the whole blooming period. The number of seeds per pod of unprotected flowers were significantly higher than those of flowers protected from insects (P<0.001). Through its pollination efficiency, A. mellifera provoked a significant increment the number of seeds per pod by 2.34% in 2016 and 18.89% in 2017 and the percentage of normal seeds by 0.28% in 2016 and 0.17% in 2017. The installation of A. mellifera colonies close to V. unguiculata fields is recommended to increase pod and seed yield in the region.
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Rhopalosiphum padi is one of the most common wheat inhabiting pest and reduce the crop yield up tò15%. This pest species was collected from the wheat fields located in the vicinity of Faisalabad. The mortality response of said pest was... more
Rhopalosiphum padi is one of the most common wheat inhabiting pest and reduce the crop yield up tò15%. This pest species was collected from the wheat fields located in the vicinity of Faisalabad. The mortality response of said pest was find out in the different insecticides by standard nymphal dip method. The results showed that LC50 values of 9 tested insecticides against R. padi are statically different (5% probability level) and varied from 1.33±0.52 ppm for Imidacloprid to119.17± 16.55 ppm for Charphyrifos. Imidacloprid which caused 100% mortality at 64, 32 and 16 ppm more than 80% mortality at 8, 4 and 2 ppm was proved to be the most toxic insecticide against the R. padi. The Charphyrifos was least toxic as it caused only 41.53±3.21% mortality even at highest concentration. This study recommended the minimum dose recommendation in ppm for controlling this damaging insect. This study could be used as a reference for resistance monitoring or other related researches.
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This research evaluated the antibacterial potential of the aqueous, ethyl acetate, methanol, and decocted extracts of the shell and kernel of Atuna racemosa Rafin. Chrysobalanaceae (tabon-tabon). The antimicrobial screening was done... more
This research evaluated the antibacterial potential of the aqueous, ethyl acetate, methanol, and decocted extracts of the shell and kernel of Atuna racemosa Rafin. Chrysobalanaceae (tabon-tabon). The antimicrobial screening was done against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by paper disc diffusion method. The A. racemosa shell and kernel showed resistant to intermediate antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus in aqueous extracts with mean zone of inhibition of 7.7 mm and 9.8 mm, ethyl acetate extracts with 9.2 mm and 12.8 mm, methanol extracts with 9.5 mm and 13.2 mm, and decoction extracts with 7.3 mm and 11.0 mm, respectively. Ethyl acetate extracts with the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli obtained minimum inhibitory concentration values of 0.11375 mg/mL in shell and 2.92 mg/mL in kernel for both bacterial strains. Methanol extracts with the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus obtained minimum inhibitory concentration values of 0.81375 mg/mL in shell for both test organisms, and 8.57 mg/mL for E. coli and 2.138 mg/mL for S. aureus in kernel. Overall, the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of A. racemosa kernel showed good antibacterial potential against bacterial strains. Further investigation is needed to determine the bioactive components present in these extracts.
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This study evaluated the phytochemical profile of the bark and leaf extracts (aqueous, ethanol, and hexane) of Jacquemontia paniculata (Convolvulaceae). Qualitative tests for alkaloids, saponins, tannins/polyphenols, steroids, tannins,... more
This study evaluated the phytochemical profile of the bark and leaf extracts (aqueous, ethanol, and hexane) of Jacquemontia paniculata (Convolvulaceae). Qualitative tests for alkaloids, saponins, tannins/polyphenols, steroids, tannins, anthraquinones, cyanogenic glycocides, and flavonoids were conducted. Further quantification of flavonoids using the Quercitin acid equivalence was employed in all extracts. Overall, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, and anthraquinones were found to be present in most of the extracts. The total flavonoids varied from 12.81 to 15.51mg/g in extracts. The maximum flavonoid content was found in the ethanolic bark extract (15.51mg/g) while the lowest flavonoid content was found in hexane leaf extract (12.81mg/g). Present findings were preliminary and further investigation is needed to determine the pharmacological applications of the plant.
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The landraces extensity cultivated in Malak and Division of Pakistan hold important adaptations to local environmental condition, being express significant level of genetic diversity. In the present investigation, The Genetic divergence... more
The landraces extensity cultivated in Malak and Division of Pakistan hold important adaptations to local environmental condition, being express significant level of genetic diversity. In the present investigation, The Genetic divergence in 29 zea maize landraces was assessed using seed storage protein through SDS-PAGE. In total, eight loci were express which were entirely polymorphic and high level of genetic diversity was observed in L-8 i.e.10.34% followed by L-2 with 17.2% polymorphism. Among landraces, ST-2 was unique because of the expression of all loci. Genetic tree based on protein binary data matrix delineated landraces into two main groups. It was found that high level of divergence exist within and between collection sites. In dendrogram, each group represented landraces of different collection sites, but group-1 was the diverse group and represented high level of genetic diversity within landraces reported from Swat, Bajaur, Dir and Buner.In Group-2 majority of the landraces showing tight linkage, although originated from different agro ecological zones like Malakand, Buner and Dir. This may be due to the utilization of shared gene pool at different agro ecological zones. Significant level of genetic diversity existed within landraces will decrease the genetic vulnerability and will help in the selection of superior genotypes for future breeding programs.
Research Interests: Botany, Environmental Science, Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, Open Access, and 12 moreCrop genetic diversity, Biology, Environmental Sustainability, Genetic Diversity, Biological Sciences, SDS=PAGE, rice landraces of Pakistan, Landraces, Zea mays, Sds Page Electrophoresis, SDS PAGE, and Malakand division
Seed quality traits of the plants may directly or indirectly depend on agro-morphological traits. Thus the determination between agronomical and oil quality characters of the plants may be important for plant scientists. The relation... more
Seed quality traits of the plants may directly or indirectly depend on agro-morphological traits. Thus the determination between agronomical and oil quality characters of the plants may be important for plant scientists. The relation between agronomical and oil quality traits were studied by using Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) in peanut genotypes. CCA is a multivariate statistical model that facilitates the study of interrelationships among sets of multiple dependent variables and multiple independent variables. As a result, the canonical correlation between the first canonical variate pair was found as 0.897. Five canonical functions obtained from morphological and agronomical traits, had attributed about 70% from variation in the oil quality traits. It can be concluded that CCA can be used to simplify the relationship between agro-morphological and oil quality traits of the peanut.
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In present study, proteomics approach was used to evaluate three varieties i.e. Bas-385, Indica and KS-282 of rice. Total crude protein was isolated from root, endosperm, embryo and leaf sheath and leaf blade of these... more
In present study, proteomics approach was used to evaluate three varieties i.e. Bas-385, Indica and KS-282 of
rice. Total crude protein was isolated from root, endosperm, embryo and leaf sheath and leaf blade of these
varieties and it was separated by SDS-PAGE. The protein bands were scored and used to compare the rice
varieties. Seven protein bands in endosperm, six in embryo, seven in roots, six in leaf sheath and seven in leaf
blade were recorded conserved proteins during this study. Three protein bands of 25, 30 and 160KDa were
detected in the endosperm protein of Bas-385 and JP-5, sharing a common genetics of Basmati and non
Basmati. A band of 17KDa was detected in the embryo of Bas-385 while absent in KS-282 and JP-5. Three
protein bands i.e. 27, 90 and 120KD were detected in the leaf blade of Bas-385. A band of 45KDa was detected in
the leaf blade of JP-5 and absent in KS-282 and Bas-385. A band of 61KDa and three bands of 25, 85 and 175KDa
were detected in the embryo and leaf sheath of JP-5 respectively and absent in KS-282 and Bas-385. It is
indicating that these proteins could determine the Japonica characters in JP-5. Two bands of 35KDa and 40KD
were recorded in endosperm and root of KS-282 respectively while absent in Bas-385 and JP-5. This study
explored that there are proteins that are specific for Basmati rice and non Basmati rice or Indica and Japonica
rice and could be used to identify rice cultivars.
rice. Total crude protein was isolated from root, endosperm, embryo and leaf sheath and leaf blade of these
varieties and it was separated by SDS-PAGE. The protein bands were scored and used to compare the rice
varieties. Seven protein bands in endosperm, six in embryo, seven in roots, six in leaf sheath and seven in leaf
blade were recorded conserved proteins during this study. Three protein bands of 25, 30 and 160KDa were
detected in the endosperm protein of Bas-385 and JP-5, sharing a common genetics of Basmati and non
Basmati. A band of 17KDa was detected in the embryo of Bas-385 while absent in KS-282 and JP-5. Three
protein bands i.e. 27, 90 and 120KD were detected in the leaf blade of Bas-385. A band of 45KDa was detected in
the leaf blade of JP-5 and absent in KS-282 and Bas-385. A band of 61KDa and three bands of 25, 85 and 175KDa
were detected in the embryo and leaf sheath of JP-5 respectively and absent in KS-282 and Bas-385. It is
indicating that these proteins could determine the Japonica characters in JP-5. Two bands of 35KDa and 40KD
were recorded in endosperm and root of KS-282 respectively while absent in Bas-385 and JP-5. This study
explored that there are proteins that are specific for Basmati rice and non Basmati rice or Indica and Japonica
rice and could be used to identify rice cultivars.
Research Interests:
Nodules were collected at bi weekly intervals from legumes grown in three rainy seasons in Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The legumes include cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), groundnut (Arachis hypogea (L.)) and soybean (Glycine... more
Nodules were collected at bi weekly intervals from legumes grown in three rainy seasons in Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The legumes include cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), groundnut (Arachis hypogea (L.)) and soybean (Glycine max (L.)) treated with nitrogen fertilizer at 0 and 20kgN/ha and phosphorus fertilizer at 0, 13.2, 26.4 and 39.6kgP/ha. The treatments were laid out in a split-split plot design and replicated three times. The legumes were randomly allocated to the main plot, the phosphorus fertilizer levels to the sub plot and the nitrogen level to the sub-sub plot. The results showed that application of nitrogen at 20kgN/ha significantly (P≤0.05) reduced number of nodules at 2week after sowing (WAS) only. On the other hand, application of phosphorus at 26.4kgP/ha significantly (P≤0.05) produced higher number of nodules throughout the study period than the other levels used. Amongst the legumes, groundnut consistently and significantly (P≤0.05) gave higher number of nodules than cowpea and soybean. The cropping season of 2005 significantly (P≤0.05) produced higher number of nodules than 2004 and 2006 rainy seasons.
Research Interests:
In Egypt, Resedaceae is represented by 14 species belonging to five genera, genus Ochradenus is among them represented by one species (O. baccatus Delile). The studied Ochradenus baccatus populations collected from Wadi Degla, Egypt... more
In Egypt, Resedaceae is represented by 14 species belonging to five genera, genus Ochradenus is among them represented by one species (O. baccatus Delile). The studied Ochradenus baccatus populations collected from Wadi Degla, Egypt revealed that O. baccatus is gynodioecious species, with female individuals that are constant in sex expression and males that exhibit great variation in functional gender. The field study revealed the presence of inconstant male of O. baccatus in different forms ranging from high fruit-producing to low or nonfruit producing forms with two intermediate forms. The pollen morphology of all the four forms was examined
using LM and SEM. This study is the first dealing with pollen grain morphological diversity within different O. baccatus populations, representing model of the inconstant male of a gynodioecious species. Generally, the examined Ochradenus baccatus pollen grains appeared under SEM as 3-colporate, isopolar, radiallysymmetrical, with reticulate exine sculpturing. This study revealed the presence of a variability in pollen size,
shape, aperture and exine sculpturing in different forms. The polymorphic pattern observed in inconstant O. baccatus male populations in Egypt was attributed to internal factors, the polyploidy phenomenon was among them and the external factors were excluded.
using LM and SEM. This study is the first dealing with pollen grain morphological diversity within different O. baccatus populations, representing model of the inconstant male of a gynodioecious species. Generally, the examined Ochradenus baccatus pollen grains appeared under SEM as 3-colporate, isopolar, radiallysymmetrical, with reticulate exine sculpturing. This study revealed the presence of a variability in pollen size,
shape, aperture and exine sculpturing in different forms. The polymorphic pattern observed in inconstant O. baccatus male populations in Egypt was attributed to internal factors, the polyploidy phenomenon was among them and the external factors were excluded.
Research Interests: Biochemistry, Botany, Genetics, Zoology, Plasticity, and 17 moreDiversity, Fisheries, Biology, Pollen Morphology, Gender and Sexuality Studies, Plant Physiology (Biology), African American Males and Education, Science journalism, Plant Physiology, Pollen, Biosciences, Plant sciences, Pollen analysis, Animal Sciences, Gynodioecy, Ochradenus baccatus, and Inconstant Male
Lead (Pb) a potentially toxic heavy metal with no known biological function inhibits germination, plant growth and development, and biomass by disturbing plant metabolism. The role of nitric oxide (NO) has been observed in the plants as... more
Lead (Pb) a potentially toxic heavy metal with no known biological function inhibits germination, plant growth and development, and biomass by disturbing plant metabolism. The role of nitric oxide (NO) has been observed in the plants as an adaptive response to biotic and abiotic stresses, notably by acting as a signaling molecule. In the present study, we investigated the effect of exogenous NO on cowpea plants exposed to 200 mg Pb (NO3)2 kg- 1 soil. Seeds pre-treated for 20 h with 0.5 and 1 mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as NO donor. The results showed that Pb toxicity significantly reduced pods plant-1 (33%), seeds pod-1 (21%), 100-seeds weight (20%),
seed yield (56%), biomass (33%) and harvest index (HI) (35%) as compared to control. Exogenous NO markedly improved all measured traits under Pb stress. Both SNP levels were effective however, 0.5 mM was more effective. These results indicate that NO plays an important role in protecting the cowpea plants against Pb toxicity. Full Article at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-7-april-2015-ijb/
seed yield (56%), biomass (33%) and harvest index (HI) (35%) as compared to control. Exogenous NO markedly improved all measured traits under Pb stress. Both SNP levels were effective however, 0.5 mM was more effective. These results indicate that NO plays an important role in protecting the cowpea plants against Pb toxicity. Full Article at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-7-april-2015-ijb/
Research Interests: Agronomy, Molecular Biology, Biomass, Plant Biology, Biology, and 19 moreSeed germination, Plant biotechnology, Plant Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, seed Science and Technology, Plant growth, Yield, Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield Modeling, Craniofacial Research, Functional Anatomy, Biological Anthropology, Germination, Seeds, Cowpea Production, Harvest Index, Parental Lines Evaluation for Seed and Yield Traits, Biomass Processing, Sodium Benzoate, Sodium Silicate, Pb stress, and Sodium Nitroprusside
Bacterial infections are some of the major problems of human life and the drugs used to treat these kinds of disease to be prepared naturally or in synthetic way. Herbs are the most valuable resources for antimicrobial therapies that... more
Bacterial infections are some of the major problems of human life and the drugs used to treat these kinds of disease to be prepared naturally or in synthetic way. Herbs are the most valuable resources for antimicrobial therapies that their medicinal properties, especially in recent decades are considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the solvent used to extract the chicory plant on antimicrobial properties. According to Mixture design method, ethanol, acetone and hexane solvents were used alone or in combination of two or three to extract plant. Antibacterial and antifungal tests were carried out by disk diffusion, MIC and MBC methods. The results showed that however, extracts from the leaves of chicory had no antibacterial effect, but most of the seed extracts of this herb had Inhibitory and bactericidal effects in First to third dilutions on Pasteurella multocida and Bacillus subtilis. There was no Antifungal activity in any of the chicory plant extracts. Result, in addition to proving weak antibacterial effect of chicory seed, shows the Importance of the used solvent nature and subsequently their polarity.
Get Full Article at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-7-april-2015-ijb/
Get Full Article at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-7-april-2015-ijb/
Research Interests: Microbiology, Molecular Biology, Biology, Biological Sciences, Antifungal Activity, and 8 moreDisk Diffusion Method, Antibacterial and antifungal activities of Saudi propolis and its chemical composition, Antibacterial activity, Bacillus subtilis, MBC, Pasteurella Multocida, Activity Coefficients at Infinite Dilution, and Chicory
Seed priming has been reported to enhance growth of plants. To evaluate the effect of some physical seed priming materials (ultrasonic, gamma, beta and laser irradiation, magnetic field and hydro-priming) on seed germination and growth of... more
Seed priming has been reported to enhance growth of plants. To evaluate the effect of some physical seed priming materials (ultrasonic, gamma, beta and laser irradiation, magnetic field and hydro-priming) on seed germination and growth of sunflower a laboratory experiment was conducted at Islamic Azad University of Tabriz branch, using completely randomized design, with three replicates. The results revealed that the highest germination rate (8.03) was due to seed treatment by laser irradiation 10 min. Lowest germination rate belonged to beta irradiation treaments (1.76 day). Mean comparisons for germination percentage also revealed that seeds treated with magnetic field for 5 min. resulted in higher germination percentage of (86.33). Lowest germination percentages (11.67%) were observed for exposure of seeds to beta irradiation. Higest seedling vigor index was obtained when seeds primed with magnetic field for 5 min. and lowest from beta irradiation seed treatment. It may be concluded that Pot Marigold producers could improve seed germination percent by priming the seed with magnetic field and laser and gamma.
Get full articles at: http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/6.5.49-54
Originally published at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-5-march-2015-ijb/
Get full articles at: http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/6.5.49-54
Originally published at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-5-march-2015-ijb/
Research Interests: Agronomy, Iranian Studies, Biology, Agriculture, Tabriz, and 15 morePlant Breeding, Seed germination, Plant breeding and genetics, Magnetic field, Iran, Islamic Azad university -semnan branch, Ultrasonics, Agronomy/crop science, Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sunflower, Laser Irradiation, Young People as Researchers, Islamic azad university tahran, MARIGOLD, and Islamic Azad University
The present study invested on the effect of different concentrations of NaNO3 (1.5, 2, 2.5 gl-1) and K2Hpo4 (0.04, 0.05, 0.06 gl-1) on chlorophyll a, carotenoids, fresh and dry weight measures, and the quality of mass absorption in... more
The present study invested on the effect of different concentrations of NaNO3 (1.5, 2, 2.5 gl-1) and K2Hpo4 (0.04,
0.05, 0.06 gl-1) on chlorophyll a, carotenoids, fresh and dry weight measures, and the quality of mass absorption
in Spirulina platensis alga. Findings revealed a significant increase in the amount of chlorophyll a and carotenoids in cultivation setting by increasing NaNO3 and K2HPO4, especially at 2.5gl-1NaNo3 and 0.06 gl-1 K2Hpo4 concentrations. More findings also revealed that nitrate or phosphate supplemented growth medium had reducing effects on fresh weight; but, adversely affected the dry weight. Here, there was an increase in concentration of NaNO3 and K2HPO4, especially for 2.5 gl-1nitrateand 0.05 gl-1phosphate concentration samples. It should also be mentioned that the highest dry mass measures were obtained in 2.5 gl-1 NaNO3, though mass absorption in Spirulina platensis was at the highest rate in 2 gl-1 nitrate and 0.06 gl-1 phosphate concentration samples. Supplementary findings also indicated that quantities of mycosporine like amino acids (MAAs) increased significantly by increasing nitrate and phosphate concentrations. Collectively, it could be concluded that the altered composition of cultivation medium, especially macro elements like nitrate and phosphate, may affect the composition of quasi-mycosporine like amino acids by changing nitrogen assimilation, photosynthetic pigments content, which leads to probably higher photosynthesis and stimulating shikimate pathway. Get more articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-5-march-2015-ijb/
0.05, 0.06 gl-1) on chlorophyll a, carotenoids, fresh and dry weight measures, and the quality of mass absorption
in Spirulina platensis alga. Findings revealed a significant increase in the amount of chlorophyll a and carotenoids in cultivation setting by increasing NaNO3 and K2HPO4, especially at 2.5gl-1NaNo3 and 0.06 gl-1 K2Hpo4 concentrations. More findings also revealed that nitrate or phosphate supplemented growth medium had reducing effects on fresh weight; but, adversely affected the dry weight. Here, there was an increase in concentration of NaNO3 and K2HPO4, especially for 2.5 gl-1nitrateand 0.05 gl-1phosphate concentration samples. It should also be mentioned that the highest dry mass measures were obtained in 2.5 gl-1 NaNO3, though mass absorption in Spirulina platensis was at the highest rate in 2 gl-1 nitrate and 0.06 gl-1 phosphate concentration samples. Supplementary findings also indicated that quantities of mycosporine like amino acids (MAAs) increased significantly by increasing nitrate and phosphate concentrations. Collectively, it could be concluded that the altered composition of cultivation medium, especially macro elements like nitrate and phosphate, may affect the composition of quasi-mycosporine like amino acids by changing nitrogen assimilation, photosynthetic pigments content, which leads to probably higher photosynthesis and stimulating shikimate pathway. Get more articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-5-march-2015-ijb/
Research Interests: Evolutionary Biology, Science Education, Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, Iranian Studies, and 11 moreBiology, Phd Writing, Carotenoids, PhD Thesis, Research papers, Nitrate, Information Science, Research methodology, Information systems and technology, Amino Acids, Chlorophyll-A, Phosphate, and Mycosporine Like Amino Acids
Greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of salinity stress on survival percentage and physiological parameters in three varieties of Pistacia vera L.; including “Sarakhs”, “Badami” and “Akbari”. To impose... more
Greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of salinity stress on survival percentage and physiological parameters in three varieties of Pistacia vera L.; including “Sarakhs”, “Badami” and “Akbari”. To impose salinity stress, the plants were watered with NaCl solution (250mM). The physiological characters were investigated at 3rd, 6th and 9th days of salinity induction. Based on our results, Badami showed a greater survival percentage among the other varieties. The highest level of proline, soluble sugar, anthocyanin and glycine-betaine contents and the lowest amount of H2O2 and MDA were also detected in Badami. Large
quantities of H2O2, MDA and phenolic compounds were detected in Sarakhs. The highest level of superoxidase
dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity was detected in Badami, while the highest activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was seen in Sarakhs. All physiological characters increased during the period of salinity stress condition, except CAT and SOD. In conclusion, Badami was more tolerant to salinity stress in comparison with other varieties due to it’s high capacity for osmotic adjustment and antioxidant protection. The physiological parameters including proline and H2O2 contents, besides the activity of CAT can be used as biochemical markers
for identification of tolerant varieties of Pistacia vera.
quantities of H2O2, MDA and phenolic compounds were detected in Sarakhs. The highest level of superoxidase
dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity was detected in Badami, while the highest activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was seen in Sarakhs. All physiological characters increased during the period of salinity stress condition, except CAT and SOD. In conclusion, Badami was more tolerant to salinity stress in comparison with other varieties due to it’s high capacity for osmotic adjustment and antioxidant protection. The physiological parameters including proline and H2O2 contents, besides the activity of CAT can be used as biochemical markers
for identification of tolerant varieties of Pistacia vera.
Research Interests: Horticulture, Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, Iranian Studies, Biotechnology, and 13 moreAgriculture, Survival Analysis, Plant biotechnology, Plant Molecular Biology, Soil Salinity, Genetic Engineering, Molecular and Expression Analysis on Breast Cancer Research, Salinity, Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Molecular biology of oxidative stress in seed-ROS and Antioxidant enzymes, Antioxidant enzymes, Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics of Young Soccer Players According to Their Playing Positions: Relevance for Competition Success, and Survival Percentage
In order to investigation of different concentrations and times of nano-TiO2 foliar application on traits of soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivar of M9, this experiment was done as split factorial based on complete randomized block design... more
In order to investigation of different concentrations and times of nano-TiO2 foliar application on traits of soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivar of M9, this experiment was done as split factorial based on complete randomized block design with four replications, in 2013 year, at Shar-Qods, Iran. Treatments included two factors. First factor was, different concentrations of nano titanium dioxide (0 or control, 0.01%, 0.03% and 0.05%) and the second factor was, times of foliar application of this nano particle (foliar application at vegetative and reproductive stages). Final results indicated that, effect of nano titanium dioxide concentrations with the exception of anthocyanins, was significant on the other traits (chlorophyll a, b and total and carotenoids content) but times effect of nano-TiO2 foliar application on whole traits was not significant. However, interaction's effects of concentrations and times of nano-TiO2 foliar application, was significant on the chlorophyll b and carotenoids. Maximum content of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll, were achieved by foliar application of nano-TiO2 at 0.05% concentration and the highest amount of chlorophyll b, was obtained by interaction effect of concentration of 0.05% and foliar application at vegetative stage and the highest content of carotenoids, was achieved by spraying of 0.05% concentration of nano-TiO2 at reproductive stage. Get more articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-5-march-2015-ijb/
Research Interests: Agronomy, Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, Educational Research, Iranian Studies, and 18 moreBiology, Plant Breeding, Phd Writing, Plant biotechnology, Plant breeding and genetics, Carotenoids, PhD Thesis, Scholarships for Master and Phd Degree, Chlorophyll, Research Articles on the Relationship of Population Growth and Economic Development, Article, Anthocyanins, TiO2 Nanotube, Soyabean, Soyabeen Fermentation, Vegetative Stage, Agronomy and plant breeding, and Times of foliar application
Drought is a wide-spread problem seriously influencing canola (Brassica napus L.) production and quality, but development of tolerance cultivars is hampered by the lack of effective selection criteria. The objective of this study was to... more
Drought is a wide-spread problem seriously influencing canola (Brassica napus L.) production and quality, but development of tolerance cultivars is hampered by the lack of effective selection criteria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of several selection indices to identify drought tolerance cultivars under two environments (normal and drought stress), at dezful, Province in the agricultural year in 2013–2014. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Results of the variance analysis showed that differences among the genotypes, in terms of all indices and yield in normal and drought stress conditions were significant. Results of correlation between defferente drought tolerance indices with grain yield in both conditions(normal and water stress) showed that MP, GMP and STI were a successful index to select high yield and tolerante genotypes. Based on this indices and the results of the biplot diagram the genotypes Hyola401, Sarigol, RGS003 and Hyola308 had the best drought tolerance. and the genotypes Kimberley, Hysun110 and pF were high sensitivity to drought and can be identified as the most sensitive lines to drought. Get more articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-5-march-2015-ijb/
Research Interests: Botany, Environmental Science, Science Education, Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, and 20 moreEducational Research, Iranian Studies, Biology, Plant Breeding, Phd Writing, Research, Drought Stress, Plant breeding and genetics, Tolerance, PhD Thesis, Islamic Azad university -semnan branch, Rice abiotic stress tolerance particularly drought, Information Science, Research methodology, Information systems and technology, Canola Oil, Islamic azad university tahran, Indices, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Biplot, and Tolerance indices
Flower production is an increasing activity of world’s agriculture. Carnation is one of the most important cut flower of the world which ranks only next to rose. It has been extensively cultivated to be used as cut flower because of its... more
Flower production is an increasing activity of world’s agriculture. Carnation is one of the most important cut flower of the world which ranks only next to rose. It has been extensively cultivated to be used as cut flower because of its excellent keeping quality. The present study is therefore designed with the aim of improving the quality of Sim carnation by applying Boron (0, 5ppm, 10ppm, 15ppm, 20ppm) and Salicylic acid (0,1mM, 2mM, 3mM and 4mM). Different growth and flowering traits which include plant height, number of leaf pairs, intermodal distance, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, days to flower emergence, number of flowers/plant, diameter of flower, stalk length and girth, duration of flowering and dry matter content of plants was studied in the experiment. The results reveal that foliar application of boron and salicylic acid has pronounced effect on growth and quality parameters of carnation. Among all the treatment SA @ 3mM exhibited best results and among doses of boron @ 15ppm showed good results.
Research Interests:
Broiler chicken plays an important role in human nutrition. Poultry is the second largest industry of Pakistan and contributes substantially to the income. It contributes to 28.0% of the total meat production in the Pakistan. The aim of... more
Broiler chicken plays an important role in human nutrition. Poultry is the second largest industry of Pakistan and contributes substantially to the income. It contributes to 28.0% of the total meat production in the Pakistan. The aim of this study was to increase the shelf life of Broiler chicken by gamma irradiation thereby increasing its export value. Chicken samples were treated with radiation dose of 0.5kGy, 1kGy and 1.5kGy. Sensory evaluation and proximate analysis were performed for the irradiated and non-irradiated chicken meat sample. Nonconsiderable changes were observed in nutritional characteristics of broiler chicken meat at optimum doses. The
radiation dose of 1.5kGy along with refrigerated storage extended the shelf-life of broiler chicken for 9 days. So,
this study can be useful in shelf life enhancement for export purpose. Get the full articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-7-number-5-november-2015-ijb/
radiation dose of 1.5kGy along with refrigerated storage extended the shelf-life of broiler chicken for 9 days. So,
this study can be useful in shelf life enhancement for export purpose. Get the full articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-7-number-5-november-2015-ijb/
Research Interests: Research Methodology, Molecular Biology, Poultry Science, Educational Research, Biology, and 10 morePhd Writing, Human Nutrition, Chicken, Aves, Chickens, Proximate Analysis of Wild Fruit, Analysis of Nutritional Content of Caulerpa Lentillifera, Broilers, Effect of Gamma Radiation, and Broiler Chickens
Street food consumption has been a popular staple food in both developed and underdeveloped countries including the Philippines. These street foods were commonly dipped into different sauces like soy sauce, ketchup, and vinegar to improve... more
Street food consumption has been a popular staple food in both developed and underdeveloped countries including the Philippines. These street foods were commonly dipped into different sauces like soy sauce, ketchup, and vinegar to improve flavor and moisture. In many cases, these dipping sauces can be contaminated with zoonotic protozoans and nematodes because of improper sanitation practices by the vendors and consumers as well as because of non-hygienic food preparation, storage, and handling. Consequently, these sauces can be a major source of infection for the person ingesting them. This study sought to identify the different zoonotic protozoans and nematodes that can be found in the street food dipping sauces in Tangub City. Five (5) mL of the dipping sauce were collected and brought to the laboratory for analysis and identification of zoonotic protozoans and nematodes. The findings of the study were subjected to statistical analysis like frequency, percentage, and analysis of variance. Zoonotic protozoans and nematodes were found, namely: Entamoeba histolytica and Ancylostoma duodenale. Entamoeba histolytica was the most commonly occurring organism in all the samples examined and causes harm in the form of a disease such as amoebic colitis. On the other hand, Ancylostoma duodenale was also considered a zoonotic organism. The samples contained significant differences in the numbers of Entamoeba histolytica (p-value 0.0025) in soy sauce and vinegar, while Ancylostoma duodenale (p-value 0.0172) in soy sauce and ketchup. The study concludes that the consumption of street foods dipped in contaminated different sauces can be a venue for zoonotic disease transmission and should be carefully monitored by the local authorities.
Research Interests:
Limited fungal-based biocontrol products are available for use against mycotoxins in food and feed industry in Kenya. In filling this gap, in-vitro inhibitory assessment of six mycotoxin and nine nonmycotoxin species isolated from Western... more
Limited fungal-based biocontrol products are available for use against mycotoxins in food and feed industry in Kenya. In filling this gap, in-vitro inhibitory assessment of six mycotoxin and nine nonmycotoxin species isolated from Western Kenya were placed on growth media using dual and modified plating techniques to determine the percentage inhibitions, capacity to form inhibition zones and degree of general antagonism on growth of mycotoxin fungi. The cultures were incubated at 25-27 o C under 12hour dark and 12-hour light conditions aseptically. Observations were made 10 days after incubation. Fungal isolates tested for their antagonistic effect on mycotoxin fungi were MCMT4b, MCMT3, MCHB2, T. harzianum, Monascus species, Biatrospora species, P. endophytica, C. olivaceum, and Epichloe species. Mycotoxin fungi tested were A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. nomius, P. corrylophillum, P. auratiogriseum and A. niger. More than 80% growth inhibitory indices against mycotoxin fungi were expressed by T. harzianum, MCMT3, MCMT4b and Monascus species. Also, MCMT3, MCMT4b and Monascus species formed the largest inhibition zones against mycotoxin fungi. Fungal isolates MCMT3, MCMT4b, Monascus species and T. harzianum have growth suppression effect against A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. niger, P. corrylophillum, and P. auratiogriseum in-vitro. More elaborate identification of the unidentified fungi, genetic characterization and field efficacy assessments of these isolates is recommended.
Research Interests:
Cholecystitis is the most common disease of gastro intestinal tract contributing for 10% disease burden. Most of the time it is infective in origin. In view of the emerging multi drug resistance organisms, there is a need for guidance in... more
Cholecystitis is the most common disease of gastro intestinal tract contributing for 10% disease burden. Most of the time it is infective in origin. In view of the emerging multi drug resistance organisms, there is a need for guidance in empirical antimicrobial therapy in every clinical setting. To study the bacteriological profile and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in cholecystitis and cholelithiasis patients. A cross sectional study was conducted at Mamatha General Hospital, Kammam over a period of 2 years from September 2010 to September 2012. A total number of 62 clinically diagnosed cases of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis subjected to elective cholecystectomy were included in the study. Bile and gall stone samples were collected and processed aerobically, anaerobically according to standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on all isolates by Kirbybauer disc diffusion method and susceptibility pattern were recorded. A total number of 62 cases of cholecystitis were included in the study shows female preponderance of disease. Maximum number of cases belongs to 41 to 50 years age group. Out of 62 patients 62 bile samples and 58 gall stones specimen were collected and analyzed. Bile culture was positive in 24 cholelithiasis cases (41.37%), Gallstone culture was positive in 9 cases (15.51%). The two bile samples yielded anaerobic growth. Escherichia coli was the predominant organism in both samples. Bacterial isolates showing maximum susceptibility to ampicillin-sulbactum (100%), amikacin (80%). To optimized empirical antimicrobial therapy in cholecystitis and cholelithiasis patients prior knowledge of the prevalence of various bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in is required.
Research Interests: Pharmacology, Microbiology, Pharmacy, Research Methodology, Open Access, and 11 moreOpen Access Publishing, Biology, Antimicrobials, Antimicrobial activity, Micology, Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, Bacteriological, Cholelithiasis, Bile Salt, Cholecystitis, and bacteriological profile of chicken meat
International journal of microbiology and mycology | IJMM, welcomes all respective authors to submit their research paper, review paper, short- communication in the major fields of Microbiology and Mycology with low article processing... more
International journal of microbiology and mycology | IJMM, welcomes all respective authors to submit their research paper, review paper, short- communication in the major fields of Microbiology and Mycology with low article processing charges (APC). International Journal of Microbiology and Mycology (IJMM) is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles in the field of biology, microbiology, genetics, pathology, virology, bacteriology, mycology, bioremediation, pathogenic disease, and remediation, waste management, enzymology, parasitology and interactions of microbes with other flora and fauna.
Research Interests:
By: Oni, I. Olawale, Onifade K. Anthony, Arutopin J. Daniel Key Words: Microorganisms, Waste dumpsite, Assessment, Occurrence Int. J. Micro. Myco. 13(1), 1-8, July 2021 . This study was designed to assess the microbiological and... more
By: Oni, I. Olawale, Onifade K. Anthony, Arutopin J. Daniel
Key Words: Microorganisms, Waste dumpsite, Assessment, Occurrence
Int. J. Micro. Myco. 13(1), 1-8, July 2021 .
This study was designed to assess the microbiological and physicochemical properties of soil samples from selected waste dumpsites in parts of Ondo State, Nigeria. The findings of the microbiological analysis carried out showed the mean values of the total heterotrophic bacterial counts ranged from 1.17 × 106 ± 0.08 cfu/g – 7.67 × 106 ± 0.01 cfu/gwhile the total fungal counts recorded ranged from 1.00 × 104 ± 0.02 sfu/g to 6.33 × 104 ± 0.11 sfu/g. The recorded physicochemical properties of the soil samples ranged from 5.4 to 7.9, 4.95 to 45.36%, 0.86 to 2.50% and 2.38 to 11.35% for pH, organic matter, organic nitrogen and organic carbon respectively. The soil particles of the selected dumpsites recorded a range of sand between 55 – 80%, silt 7 – 31% and clay 4 – 29%. The microbial isolates characterized and identified include Bacillus, Alcaligenes, Staphylococcus, Proteus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Ochrobacterium, Escherichia and Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Rhizopus, Cladiosporiumand Trichodermarespectively. Bacillus and Aspergillus species were the most prevalent microorganisms isolated from the selected dumpsites and studies have revealed these organisms to be pathogenic in nature, which could pose serious health risk to residents in and around the dumpsites.
Key Words: Microorganisms, Waste dumpsite, Assessment, Occurrence
Int. J. Micro. Myco. 13(1), 1-8, July 2021 .
This study was designed to assess the microbiological and physicochemical properties of soil samples from selected waste dumpsites in parts of Ondo State, Nigeria. The findings of the microbiological analysis carried out showed the mean values of the total heterotrophic bacterial counts ranged from 1.17 × 106 ± 0.08 cfu/g – 7.67 × 106 ± 0.01 cfu/gwhile the total fungal counts recorded ranged from 1.00 × 104 ± 0.02 sfu/g to 6.33 × 104 ± 0.11 sfu/g. The recorded physicochemical properties of the soil samples ranged from 5.4 to 7.9, 4.95 to 45.36%, 0.86 to 2.50% and 2.38 to 11.35% for pH, organic matter, organic nitrogen and organic carbon respectively. The soil particles of the selected dumpsites recorded a range of sand between 55 – 80%, silt 7 – 31% and clay 4 – 29%. The microbial isolates characterized and identified include Bacillus, Alcaligenes, Staphylococcus, Proteus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Ochrobacterium, Escherichia and Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Rhizopus, Cladiosporiumand Trichodermarespectively. Bacillus and Aspergillus species were the most prevalent microorganisms isolated from the selected dumpsites and studies have revealed these organisms to be pathogenic in nature, which could pose serious health risk to residents in and around the dumpsites.
Research Interests:
Several methodologies were utilized to evaluate the microbiological and physico chemical properties of top soil samples bored from four municipal waste dumpsites and a farmland (control sample) all located in Benin City,... more
Several methodologies were utilized to evaluate the microbiological and physico chemical properties of top soil samples bored from four municipal waste dumpsites and a farmland (control sample) all located in Benin City, Edo State. The soil samples were obtained during the month of January, 2013. The mean aerobic bacterial counts for the soil samples ranged from 9.7 × 103 cfu/g for the control soil to 1.80 × 104
cfu/g for the soil sourced from the dump site at Ikheuniro. The mean heterotrophic fungal counts varied from 7.0 × 102
cfu/g for capitol dumpsite to 3.3 × 103 cfu/g for the control soil. Ten (10) microbial isolates were characterized and identified; Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Aeromonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., Saccharomyces sp. and Fusarium sp. respectively. Both Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were the most dominant amongst the bacterial isolates whilst Staphylococcus sp. was the least occurring bacterial isolate. Aspergillus sp. was the highest occurring fungal isolate while the least isolated fungal culture was Saccharomyces sp. The physico chemical results showed values which ranged from 5.60 to
8.08, 164.00 µS/cm to 540.00 µS/cm, 2.378 mg/kg to 3.444 mg/kg, 0.009 mg/kg to 0.016 mg/kg for pH, electrical conductivity, sulphate and cadmium. Despite the positive impacts of the dumped municipal wastes on the microbial and organic properties of the analyzed soils, disposal of municipal wastes in open dump sites is an archaic and unsustainable option in the management of municipal wastes.
cfu/g for the soil sourced from the dump site at Ikheuniro. The mean heterotrophic fungal counts varied from 7.0 × 102
cfu/g for capitol dumpsite to 3.3 × 103 cfu/g for the control soil. Ten (10) microbial isolates were characterized and identified; Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Aeromonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., Saccharomyces sp. and Fusarium sp. respectively. Both Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were the most dominant amongst the bacterial isolates whilst Staphylococcus sp. was the least occurring bacterial isolate. Aspergillus sp. was the highest occurring fungal isolate while the least isolated fungal culture was Saccharomyces sp. The physico chemical results showed values which ranged from 5.60 to
8.08, 164.00 µS/cm to 540.00 µS/cm, 2.378 mg/kg to 3.444 mg/kg, 0.009 mg/kg to 0.016 mg/kg for pH, electrical conductivity, sulphate and cadmium. Despite the positive impacts of the dumped municipal wastes on the microbial and organic properties of the analyzed soils, disposal of municipal wastes in open dump sites is an archaic and unsustainable option in the management of municipal wastes.
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Antagonist activities of different Trichoderma strains were evaluated in vitro against Colletotrichum capsici, a causal agent of anthracnose fruit rot of chili. Dual culture test showed that Trichoderma strains... more
Antagonist activities of different Trichoderma strains were evaluated in vitro against Colletotrichum capsici, a causal agent of anthracnose fruit rot of chili. Dual culture test showed that Trichoderma strains effectively inhibited mycelia growth of the pathogen. T. harzianum IMI-392433 showed the
highest inhibition (81.96 %) and mycelial overgrowth(78.98%). Also, metabolites having 80% concentration extracted from 30-day-old T. harzianum IMI-392433 revealed the highest PIRG (percentage inhibition of radial growth) value of 85.16 and 87.18% by using normal poison and modified bilayer poison agar technique, respectively. Further, metabolites extracted from 30-day-old T. harzianum IMI-392433 at a concentration of 2000 mgL-1completely inhibited spore germination and germ tube elongation of the pathogen. Also, severity of anthracnose was significantly decreased as
compared with the control (2% methanol) when chili fruits were soaked in 2000 mgL-1of 30-day-old metabolites from T. harzianum strains. Importantly, metabolites extracted from T. virens IMI-392430 (71.09) and T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431 (69.52) were found to be most efficient in the inhibition of
disease severity. Taken together, our data suggest that Trichoderma strains especially T. harzianum IMI-392433 is a potential antagonistic organism and can be used to control the anthracnose disease caused by C. capsici.
highest inhibition (81.96 %) and mycelial overgrowth(78.98%). Also, metabolites having 80% concentration extracted from 30-day-old T. harzianum IMI-392433 revealed the highest PIRG (percentage inhibition of radial growth) value of 85.16 and 87.18% by using normal poison and modified bilayer poison agar technique, respectively. Further, metabolites extracted from 30-day-old T. harzianum IMI-392433 at a concentration of 2000 mgL-1completely inhibited spore germination and germ tube elongation of the pathogen. Also, severity of anthracnose was significantly decreased as
compared with the control (2% methanol) when chili fruits were soaked in 2000 mgL-1of 30-day-old metabolites from T. harzianum strains. Importantly, metabolites extracted from T. virens IMI-392430 (71.09) and T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431 (69.52) were found to be most efficient in the inhibition of
disease severity. Taken together, our data suggest that Trichoderma strains especially T. harzianum IMI-392433 is a potential antagonistic organism and can be used to control the anthracnose disease caused by C. capsici.
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Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice (Oryza sativa L.) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, is arguably the most holistic pathosystem of rice throughout the worldwide due to its growing concern as this disease is wide... more
Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice (Oryza sativa L.) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, is arguably the most holistic pathosystem of rice throughout the worldwide due to its growing concern as this disease is wide spread, devastating and its control measures are still not well understood. In vitro evaluation of various broad spectrum antibiotics viz., streptomycin sulphate, kanamycin sulphate, chloramphenicol, ampicilin trihydrate and benzylpenicillin, was carried out to determine the best
chemistry against the destructive pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae at different concentrations. Inhibition zones appeared on petri plates for the growth of bacteria were very clear around the paper disks. Chloramphenicol proved to be the most effective antibiotic to control the bacterium as it suppressed the bacterial growth to greater extent and only the 6.25 mean bacterial colonies were appeared in the petri plates, followed by the ampicillin trihydrate which showed to be the second most effective antibiotic against the pathogen growth and retarded to 12.00 mean bacterial colonies. The maximum diameter of inhibition zone (28.31 mm) was showed by the Chloramphenicol at 100 ppm followed by ampicillin trihydrate which gave proved to be second most effective antibiotic to
control the pathogen and gave maximum inhibition zone (25.02 mm) at 100 ppm concentration.
chemistry against the destructive pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae at different concentrations. Inhibition zones appeared on petri plates for the growth of bacteria were very clear around the paper disks. Chloramphenicol proved to be the most effective antibiotic to control the bacterium as it suppressed the bacterial growth to greater extent and only the 6.25 mean bacterial colonies were appeared in the petri plates, followed by the ampicillin trihydrate which showed to be the second most effective antibiotic against the pathogen growth and retarded to 12.00 mean bacterial colonies. The maximum diameter of inhibition zone (28.31 mm) was showed by the Chloramphenicol at 100 ppm followed by ampicillin trihydrate which gave proved to be second most effective antibiotic to
control the pathogen and gave maximum inhibition zone (25.02 mm) at 100 ppm concentration.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The aim of this study was to determine the microfungi which contamined the surface of the books and the atmosphere of the library in Health Services Vocational School . The samples of the library air were taken by using open petri plate... more
The aim of this study was to determine the microfungi which contamined the surface of the books and the atmosphere of the library in Health Services Vocational School . The samples of the library air were taken by using open petri plate method and the samples from the surface of the books were taken by swabbing with the moistened sterile swab sticks. As a result of research, 14 different microfungal species were obtained belonging to Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium and Penicillium genera. The genera of microfungi the most abundant in terms of the qualitative were Aspergillus, Penicillium and Cladosporium. Quantitatively, Aspergillus was found as the most abundant. Maximum colony was formed by Aspergillus niger in the microfungal species. The microfungal species which were
obtained from the atmosphere of the library and from the surface of the books show great similarity.
obtained from the atmosphere of the library and from the surface of the books show great similarity.
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In 2011, the government of the Republic of Benin decided the free malaria cases management for pregnant women and children under 5 years. Started in November 2011, this initiative helped to ensure a free malaria cases management of 48574... more
In 2011, the government of the Republic of Benin decided the free malaria cases management for pregnant women and children under 5 years. Started in November 2011, this initiative helped to ensure a free malaria cases management of 48574 cases of uncomplicated malaria in 2012 for children
less than 5 years and 6888 for pregnant women. Similarly 77% of health centers are actually implementing the initiative and 96% of health centers have been reimbursed at least once.
less than 5 years and 6888 for pregnant women. Similarly 77% of health centers are actually implementing the initiative and 96% of health centers have been reimbursed at least once.
Research Interests: Genetics, Microbiology, Mycology, Population Genetics, Malaria, and 8 moreScholarly Journals in English, Public Health, Children, Woman Studies, Pregnant Women, Prevalence of Malaria Parasite and Anaemia Among Pregnant Woman in Okigwe, Nutrition Status in Under Five Years Children, and Scientific Articles
Several methodologies were utilized to evaluate the microbiological and physico chemical properties of top soil samples bored from four municipal waste dumpsites and a farmland (control sample) all located in Benin City, Edo State. The... more
Several methodologies were utilized to evaluate the microbiological and physico chemical properties of top soil samples bored from four municipal waste dumpsites and a farmland (control sample) all located in Benin City, Edo State. The soil samples were obtained during the month of January, 2013. The mean aerobic bacterial counts for the soil samples ranged from 9.7 × 103 cfu/g for the control soil to 1.80 × 104 cfu/g for the soil sourced from the dump site at Ikheuniro. The mean heterotrophic fungal counts varied from 7.0 × 102 cfu/g for capitol dumpsite to 3.3 × 103 cfu/g for the control soil.
Ten (10) microbial isolates were characterized and identified; Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Aeromonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., Saccharomyces sp. and Fusarium sp. respectively. Both Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were the
most dominant amongst the bacterial isolates whilst Staphylococcus sp. was the least occurring bacterial isolate. Aspergillus sp. was the highest occurring fungal isolate while the least isolated fungal culture was Saccharomyces sp. The physico chemical results showed values which ranged from 5.60 to 8.08, 164.00 μS/cm to 540.00 μS/cm, 2.378 mg/kg to 3.444 mg/kg, 0.009 mg/kg to 0.016 mg/kg for pH, electrical conductivity, sulphate and cadmium. Despite the positive impacts of the dumped municipal wastes on the microbial and organic properties of the analyzed soils, disposal of municipal
wastes in open dump sites is an archaic and unsustainable option in the management of municipal wastes.
Ten (10) microbial isolates were characterized and identified; Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Aeromonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., Saccharomyces sp. and Fusarium sp. respectively. Both Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were the
most dominant amongst the bacterial isolates whilst Staphylococcus sp. was the least occurring bacterial isolate. Aspergillus sp. was the highest occurring fungal isolate while the least isolated fungal culture was Saccharomyces sp. The physico chemical results showed values which ranged from 5.60 to 8.08, 164.00 μS/cm to 540.00 μS/cm, 2.378 mg/kg to 3.444 mg/kg, 0.009 mg/kg to 0.016 mg/kg for pH, electrical conductivity, sulphate and cadmium. Despite the positive impacts of the dumped municipal wastes on the microbial and organic properties of the analyzed soils, disposal of municipal
wastes in open dump sites is an archaic and unsustainable option in the management of municipal wastes.
Research Interests: Microbiology, Mycology, Environmental microbiology, Municipal Solid Waste Management, Environmental Microbiology (Biology), and 12 moreMycology and Plant pathology, Medical Mycology, Applied Mycology, Agricultural Microbiology, Microbiological and Nutritional Aspects of Food, Benin City, Physico-chemical method for ammonia removal from synthetic wastewate in batch and column studies, Soils, Soil Microbiology, Microbiological safety, Microbiologia, and Microbiological
The regular and single use of turmeric in reference to the reproductive system following several review is conflicting, and its effect has not been fully ascertained. The study therefore espoused the histologic sequelae following exposure... more
The regular and single use of turmeric in reference to the reproductive system following several review is conflicting, and its effect has not been fully ascertained. The study therefore espoused the histologic sequelae following exposure to turmeric extract on wistar rats ovary and uterus. Ethical clearance was sought from the Research and Ethics Committee in the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences of the Delta State University prior to the commencement of this research. 24 wistar rats divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group A was the control group while groups B, C and D were the treated groups that received 500, 1000 and 1500mg/kg of turmeric extract respectively. Animals were also sub-sectioned, labeled accordingly into 7th, 14th and 21st days respectively for easy identification and treatment or administration. At the end of each experimental days, animals were weighed and euthanized by cervical dislocation. Ovaries and uterus were dissected and fixed in 10% formal saline solution, following regulated histologic procedures. Prepared Slides were viewed using a digital microscope. The micrographs obtained revealed deleterious effect on the histology and cytology of the ovary and uterus following treatment of turmeric. The observed histological distortions to the ovary and uterus have most likely arisen from repeated exposure to tumeric extract; this has proven turmeric to be an harmful substance to the female reproductive system especially women of child bearing age and the regular and continuous consumption of these agent should be regulated.
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In recent years, nanotechnology played a central role in research and has shown its significant impact on the field of medicine. Nanoparticles are more efficient than other bulk materials. Novel nanoparticles possess properties like high... more
In recent years, nanotechnology played a central role in research and has shown its significant impact on the field of medicine. Nanoparticles are more efficient than other bulk materials. Novel nanoparticles possess properties like high magnetic proneness; biocompatibility and chemical stability make them efficacious to be use in biomedical field as in treatment and diagnosis of various diseases, bioimaging, hyperthermia, drug delivery, gene delivery and photo ablation therapy. Although, nanotechnology is providing us benefits in many technology and industry sectors i.e., medicine, food safety, environmental science, information technology etc. but besides its positive aspects, it can prove to be a cause of nanotoxicity as well. The toxicity of nanoparticles can be assessed by their size, shape, surface charge, surface coating etc. Humans and cell cultures can be affected by nanoparticles as they can cause lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, DNA damage and eventually cell death. This review article encompasses pros and cons of nanotechnology and focuses on an attempt to promote its advantageous use and to reduce its hazardous effects in different fields.
Research Interests: Biomedicine, Research Methodology, Educational Research, Nanoparticles, Oxidative Stress, and 10 moreNanotechnology, Bioengineering- Bioimaging, Nanotoxicity, Nanotoxicity and the Environment, Magnetic Hyperthermia, Lipid peroxidation, Gene Delivery, Biomolecules, Bioimaging, and Biomedical applications
Hypoglycemic effects were investigated in the ethanol extract of leaves of Rhizophora mucornata on Long Evans rats. Gut perfusion and six segments studies were carried out to assess these activities. In the gut-perfusion study the... more
Hypoglycemic effects were investigated in the ethanol extract of leaves of Rhizophora mucornata on Long Evans rats. Gut perfusion and six segments studies were carried out to assess these activities. In the gut-perfusion study the percentage of glucose absorption in control rats vs. rats fed with 250 mg/kg extracts were observed at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes and the significant (p<0.05) absorption result was found at 15 minutes, which was 35.87 vs. 57.29. The percentage of absorption was found better with 250 mg/kg than 500 mg/kg dose level. The six-segment study was performed to assess the amount of sucrose remaining in the GIT at six different positions. The amount sucrose unabsorbed in different GIT segments showed that in control rats vs. rats fed with 500mg/kg extract at 30 minutes in mmol/l was 0.120 vs. 0.135 which were gradually abating with time dependent manner at 60, 180, and 360 minutes in mmol/l. These results suggest that ethanol extract of leaves of Rhizophora mucornata has significant dose dependant anti-diabetic effects which may be effective in the treatment of diabetes.
Research Interests: Animal Science, Biomedicine, Animal Behavior, Animal Studies, Allergy (Biomedicine), and 17 moreLaboratory management, Animal breeding and genetics, Laboratory Animals, Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Waste, Ethanol, Laboratory Animal Welfare, Biofuel and Bio Ethanol Production from Biomass, Ancient biomolecules, Biomolecules, Intoduction to Structure of Biomolecules, ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CASSIA FISTULA (L.) STEM BARK, Wistar Rats, Hypoglycemic Property, Animal Rights, Animal Ecology, Animal Studies, Animal Ethics, Animal Cognition, Animal Liberation, Animals in Culture, Philosophy Of Animals, Animals & Society studies, Ethics of Animals, and Laboratory Animal Welfare, Animal Law, Philosophy and Sociology of Human/animal Relations, Sociology of Biomedicine and Health, and Rhizophora Sp
Apoptosis is a form of cell death that permits the removal of damaged, senescent or unwanted cells in multicellular organisms, without damage to the cellular microenvironment, but it is also involved in a wide range of pathological... more
Apoptosis is a form of cell death that permits the removal of damaged, senescent or unwanted cells in multicellular organisms, without damage to the cellular microenvironment, but it is also involved in a wide range of pathological processes, including cancer. An understanding of the underlying mechanism of apoptosis is important as it plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Defective apoptosis represents a major causative factor in the development and progression of cancer. The majority of chemotherapeutic agents, as well as radiation, utilize the apoptotic pathway to induce cancer cell death. Recent knowledge on apoptosis has provided the basis for novel targeted therapies that exploit apoptosis to treat cancer by acting in the extrinsic/intrinsic pathway. Defects can occur at any point along these pathways, leading to malignant transformation of the affected cells, tumour metastasis and resistance to anticancer drugs. In particular, this review provides references concerning the apoptotic molecules, their interactions, the mechanisms involved in apoptosis resistance, and also the modulation of apoptosis for the treatment of cancer. Despite being the cause of problem, apoptosis plays an important role in the treatment of cancer as it is a popular target of many treatment strategies. Get more articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-2-number-3-june-2012/
Research Interests: Biotechnology, Cancer, Chemotherapy, Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Biology, and 12 morePlant biotechnology, Anticancer Drug Delivery, Apoptosis, Environmental Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, Tumor microenvironment, Evolution of multicellularity, Anticancer Drugs, Cancer Chemotherapy, Problem Gambling, Pathological Gambling or Addictive Behavior, Cell death anc cancer, and Tumour Metastasis
Ficus carica Linn is occasionally used in preparation of local traditional medicines used in the treatment of diarrhoea in Bangladesh. Our present studies make an attempt toward validating this traditional use by investigating... more
Ficus carica Linn is occasionally used in preparation of local traditional medicines used in the treatment of diarrhoea in Bangladesh. Our present studies make an attempt toward validating this traditional use by investigating antidiarrhoeal activity of F. carica Linn. Ethanolic extract of leaf and bark of F. carica Linn showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in the severity of diarrhoea, in a dose dependent manner, in castor oil induced diarrhoea test. Prostaglandin E2 induced intestinal fluid accumulation test (enteropooling) gave significant results (P ≤ 0.05), indicating possible antidiarrhoeal action. The extract produced significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction of intestinal transit in gastrointestinal motility test with barium sulfate milk in healthy rats. It is evident that F. carica Linn have significant antidiarrhoeal activity and may be a potential source of antidiarrhoeal agents. Get more articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-2-number-3-november-2012/
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Raffias' species are used in handcrafts, constructions, food processing etc. But in Benin, any quantitative ethnobotanical study was not evaluated for their use and socioeconomic impact of uses on average income. This study investigated... more
Raffias' species are used in handcrafts, constructions, food processing etc. But in Benin, any quantitative ethnobotanical study was not evaluated for their use and socioeconomic impact of uses on average income. This study investigated the importance of use of raffias' species and the impact of socioeconomic characteristics of informants on the household income. Ethnobotany quantitative approach was used and data on use, products prices and the quantity sold were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire administered during an interview. The result showed that raffias' species in Benin are used principally for craft (CI = 1.41 for R. hookeri and 1.68 for R. sudanica), but R. hookeri was most important for people in Guinean zone than those in soudanian and soudano-guinean zones. The frequently uses were the beds, mats, baskets and roofs. The most part of the plant used is the rachis for both species and the less used is the nut. Education level, gender and main activities were socioeconomic variable which influenced the annual income from exploitation of raffias species. The uneducated, men and farmers took more income from raffias' species than others. Also, the development level of areas where the species are found, influence the income from their exploitations. To evaluate better the contribution of raffias' species to regional and national gross product, it will be necessary to study the value chain of the main products, but also take into account the informant categories defined in this study regarding operators. Get the full articles at: http://www.innspub.net/ijbb/use-of-raffias-species-raphia-spp-and-it-impact-on-socioeconomics-characteristics-of-harvesters-in-benin-west-africa/
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Field experiments to study the performance of maize varieties (Zea mays L.) under different rates of nitrogen fertilizer and cow dung in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria were conducted in 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons at the Food and... more
Field experiments to study the performance of maize varieties (Zea mays L.) under different rates of nitrogen fertilizer and cow dung in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria were conducted in 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons at the Food and Agricultural Organization/Tree Crops Plantation (FAO/TCP) Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Adamawa State University Mubi. A split plot design was adopted for the study with two maize varieties assigned to the main plots and nitrogen with cow dung assigned to the subplots in a factorial combination. Nitrogen rates of 0, 60 and 120 kg N ha-1 and cow dung 0, 1 and 2 ton ha-1 were used. Data were collected on number of cobs per plant, cob length, 100 grain weight and grain yield per hectare. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS system for windows 9.2 version 2005 and treatment means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test. Result showed that the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and yield parameters increased sign...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Infections with bacteria have become a serious problem in joint arthroplasty. This study reports about in vitro antibacterial activity and in vitro cell compatibility of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanofibers... more
Infections with bacteria have become a serious problem in joint arthroplasty. This study reports about in vitro antibacterial activity and in vitro cell compatibility of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanofibers loaded with metallic silver particles of a size of 5-13 nm. In vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae was studied by microplate proliferation tests. The adhesion, viability, and proliferation properties of fibroblasts (NIH 3T3) and differentiation of osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were done to study in vitro cell compatibility of the scaffolds. As the results, only silver-containing PHBV nanofibrous scaffolds showed a high antibacterial activity and an inhibitory effect on the growth of both Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. The nanofibrous scaffolds having silver nanoparticles &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;1.0% were free of in vitro cytotoxicity. To sum up, the PHBV nanofibrous scaffolds having nanoparticles &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;1.0 wt % showed not only good antibacterial activity but also good in vitro cell compatibility. It is considered that the PHBV nanofibrous scaffolds with silver nanoparticles &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;1.0 wt % have a potential to be used in joint arthroplasty.
Research Interests: Engineering, Chemistry, Manufacturing, Kinetics, Morphology, and 15 moreElectrospinning, Cytotoxicity, Biological Sciences, Cell Differentiation, Mice, Animals, Fabrication, Framework, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Biomaterial, Antibacterial activity, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Biocompatible Materials, Biomacromolecules, and Klebsiella pneumoniae
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Agronomy, Plant Biology, Plant Tissue Culture, Agriculture, Plant Breeding, and 15 moreMedicinal Plants, Density, Plant biotechnology, Crop yield forecasting, Plant breeding and genetics, Plant Molecular Biology, Cormac McCarthy, Density Functional Theory, Hoticulture, Plant Density Studies, Grain Yield, High density planting, Corm Size, Corm, and Crocus sativus
Research Interests: Environmental Science, Environmental Studies, Iranian Studies, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function, Biodiversity Informatics, and 15 moreMarine biodiversity, Biodiversity, Climate Change and Biodiversity, Iran, Opisthobranchs, Biodiversity Conservation, Biodiversity Research, Sea Slugs, Nudibranchs, Gulf of Oman, Seace, Slugs, Chabahar, Gowatr, and Heterobranchs
To estimate the economic value of the benefits of a structural flood prevention program in flood prone areas near the Pulangui River in Bukidnon, Philippines, a contingent valuation study using the willingness to contribute labor (WTCL)... more
To estimate the economic value of the benefits of a structural flood prevention program in flood prone areas near the Pulangui River in Bukidnon, Philippines, a contingent valuation study using the willingness to contribute labor (WTCL) format was conducted. The study also explored the socio-demographic determinants of WTCL in order to determine the factors influencing the residents’ future contribution of voluntary labor in a flood prevention project. A survey was conducted in three flood prone barangays in the province of Bukidnon namely: Batangan, Valencia City; Dologon, Maramag; and Camp 1, Maramag. A bidding game procedure was employed to reveal their WTCL. The results showed that the respondents are willing to contribute an average of 10.02 man days of labor in a flood prevention program per year. Interestingly, this is greatly higher than results from similar studies abroad. Consequently, the economic value of the benefits of residents from a structural flood prevention proje...
Research Interests: Geography, Flood Risk Management, Educational Research, Case Study Research, Rivers, and 11 moreBiodiversity, Environmental Sustainability, Biodiversity Research, Contingent valuation, Flooding, Research and Publications, Regression Analysis, Floods, Flood Mangement, Flood Risk Reduction, and Pulangui River
Today, rice has become one of the most consumed cereals in Africa in general and Cameroon in particular. The low domestic production imposes a strong import that accentuates the country's trade imbalance. To reduce this issue of... more
Today, rice has become one of the most consumed cereals in Africa in general and Cameroon in particular. The low domestic production imposes a strong import that accentuates the country's trade imbalance. To reduce this issue of external dependency, the national government is encouraging domestic production. However, producer’s efforts are inhibited by various constraints among which the pest attacks in general and in particular the stem borers. Data collection was based on sampling and incubation of white rice panicles in an experimental plots set up at Nkolbisson, Yaounde. The susceptibility of rice varieties to different pest species was evaluated by comparing the frequency of pest species on their infested panicles. Among the NERICA rice lines, NERICA 3 had the greatest percentage of attacks panicles that was 41.96 % while NERICA 9 and 13 had the less percentage of attacks panicles that was 14.29 % for both of them. A total of three pest species were identified from the pani...
Research Interests: African Studies, Agronomy, Food Science, Diversity, Africa, and 15 moreFood and Nutrition, Agriculture, Cameroon, Central Africa, Food Science and Technology, Drought and Water Stress, Crop Science, Fertilizer, Cereals, Forages, Acidity, evaluation of upland rice varieties in PNG, Fruit Juice, Agronomic impact, and Forage sorghum
Research Interests: Environmental Science, Soil Science, Materials Science, Educational Research, Organic agriculture, and 15 moreAgricultural Sciences, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Ecophysiology, Environmental Sustainability, Biodiversity Conservation, Growth, Biodiversity Research, Plant Ecophysiology, Stomata, Crop Ecophysiology, Malondialdehyde, Relative water content Gibberellic acid, Electrolyte Leakage, and Stomatal Conductance
Lathyrus sativus (Khesari plant) and sugarcane bagasse are considered as agro wastes. Khesari plants are generally grown in fields as weeds and they have to be removed prior to cultivation. Taking this view in mind, we have investigated... more
Lathyrus sativus (Khesari plant) and sugarcane bagasse are considered as agro wastes. Khesari plants are generally grown in fields as weeds and they have to be removed prior to cultivation. Taking this view in mind, we have investigated the conversion of these lignocellulosic agro-waste as an enriched feed stock for cattle via by solid state fermentation using a cellulolytic fungus, Pleurotus sajor-caju. The strain required 8 weeks to complete the fermentation on both the untreated and treated (with alkali, lime and presoaked) substrates at 30°C. Higher amounts of reducing sugar and soluble protein were found in each of the lime treated substrates than untreated substrates. Results also indicated that presoaked substrate contain higher amounts of reducing sugar and soluble protein than unsoaked substrate. Among the substrates, mixed substrate (khesari plant + sugarcane bagasse) was found to accumulate higher amount of sugar, 22.15 mg/g and protein, 22.80 mg/g than those of khesari p...
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A study was conducted to check the efficiency of different fresh water algae for removing heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb) from contaminated water. The three most abundant indigenous algal species namely Ulothrix tenuissima, Oscillatoria... more
A study was conducted to check the efficiency of different fresh water algae for removing heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb) from contaminated water. The three most abundant indigenous algal species namely Ulothrix tenuissima, Oscillatoria tenuis and Zygogonium ericetorum were collected from fresh water channels of Parachinar, Pakistan and brought to the laboratory of Soil and Environmental Sciences Department at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar Pakistan for proper identification. To check the efficiency for removing heavy metals artificial contaminated water was prepared and was inoculated with mix culture of above mentioned algae and incubated for 10 days. After incubation algal species were removed from water through centrifugation and was dried, digested and analyzed for heavy metals. The results showed that the concentration of all heavy metals was substantially reduced in the algal inoculated contaminated water. The analysis of algal biomass showed that considerable amoun...
Research Interests: Environmental Science, Research Methodology, Open Access Publishing, Environmental Studies, Educational Research, and 10 moreBiology, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Sustainability, Heavy metals, Academic Articles, Contaminated Soil and Water, Peer Review Journals, Ulothrix tenuissima, Oscillatoria tenuis, and Zygogonium ericetorum
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Research Interests: Agronomy, Molecular Biology, Educational Research, Iranian Studies, Biology, and 15 morePlant Breeding, Plant breeding and genetics, Antioxidants, Journals, Antioxidant, Bacteria, Biosciences, Hordeum vulgare, DYLAN Young Researchers, Brassica Napus, ISI journal, Islamic azad university tahran, Pb, Islamic Azad University, and Growth promoter bacteria
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A field trail was conducted to evaluate the yield potential of six hybrid mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) lines viz; BRM-310, BRM-311, BRM-325, BRM-331, BRM-334, BRM-335 and two varieties Chakwal mung and Azri mung06 as check at research... more
A field trail was conducted to evaluate the yield potential of six hybrid mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) lines viz; BRM-310, BRM-311, BRM-325, BRM-331, BRM-334, BRM-335 and two varieties Chakwal mung and Azri mung06 as check at research area of Regional Agricultural Research Institute Bahawalpur. Randomized Complete Block Design was used with three replications of each strain/variety. Recommended agricultural practices were applied uniformly. Various yield parameters were studied. The BRM-334 exhibited the highest number of pods per/ plant, number of grains per pods, 1000 grain weight, grain yield per plot and final yield also as well as it got maturity in minimum days as compared to other strains.
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This study characterizes precipitation and temperature variability for the whole region of Gilgit-Baltistan (GB), covering winter dominated high mountain region. Trend analyses of the historical data for the period 1955-2010 show that... more
This study characterizes precipitation and temperature variability for the whole region of Gilgit-Baltistan (GB), covering winter dominated high mountain region. Trend analyses of the historical data for the period 1955-2010 show that winter season temperatures have increased in this region during the past 55 years. Relatively higher increase in maximum winter temperatures was observed, whereas minimum temperatures during winter showed a slight decline which is negligible. These results suggest that days have become warmer whereas nights have become cooler during the winter season in the high mountain areas. Monsoon temperatures have also decreased in this region. More interestingly, average temperatures in the transitional periods " October-November " and " April-May " are at a rising trend. The results indicate that the maximum temperatures have increased all around the year last 55 years. Precipitation has also increased in GB. The paper included an annual and...
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Research Interests: Animal Science, Biomedicine, Animal Behavior, Animal Studies, Medicine, and 15 moreLaboratory management, Animal breeding and genetics, Laboratory Animals, Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Waste, Ethanol, Key words, Laboratory Animal Welfare, Biofuel and Bio Ethanol Production from Biomass, Ancient biomolecules, Biomolecules, Intoduction to Structure of Biomolecules, Hypoglycemic Property, Hypoglycemic, Laboratory Animal, and Ethanol extract
Microbial contamination in different food items is becoming a hazardous problem now a day. The present study was conducted to examine intestinal bacterial flora of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in different seasons of the year. Fish and... more
Microbial contamination in different food items is becoming a hazardous problem now a day. The present study was conducted to examine intestinal bacterial flora of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in different seasons of the year. Fish and water samples collected from fresh water fish farms were tested for the determination of microbial load by culturing on different bacterial growth media. The water samples were analyzed for physico-chemical properties. The results obtained were compared for microbial population in the intestine of fish samples collected in winter, spring and summer seasons from the same locality. Data was tested to appropriate statistical model to determine significance and non-significance among various parameters. The result showed that bacterial flora was more in autumn and spring season than in winter season. Bacterial load was also dependent on fish size; larger fish had more bacterial content.
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Research Interests: Environmental Science, Indian studies, Environmental Studies, Floristics, Vegetation Ecology, and 14 moreAgricultural Biotechnology, Biodiversity, Grassland Ecology, Environmental Sustainability, JHARKHAND, Agricultural Microbiology, Herbs, Climber, Decision Tree Classification, Vegetation, Dhanbad, National Highways, Floristic inventory, and Cactus tree
Human-carnivore conflict is a common conservation and livelihood issue in mountain communities. This study was conducted to understand nature and extent of socio-ecological interaction between pastoralism and wildlife conservation in cold... more
Human-carnivore conflict is a common conservation and livelihood issue in mountain communities. This study was conducted to understand nature and extent of socio-ecological interaction between pastoralism and wildlife conservation in cold deserts of Karakoram Pamir Mountains (KPM) between China and Pakistan. Study revealed that livestock depredation is a burning issue in KPM with varying intensity from place to place, depending upon wild prey abundance, herd size, herding practices, predator type and age. Snow leopard, wolf and lynx were the major predators, while Brown bear despite its presence was reported being less fatal to livestock. Snow leopard killed highest number of animals (88.7% n=1440) mostly sheep and goats whereas, wolf killed more juvenile yaks. Lynx was found occasionally predating on young domestic crop. Highest number of kills was recorded from pastures during summer months (July-Aug) when animals were free grazing or were kept inside pens at night. Wild prey base...
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Research Interests: Biology, Iran, Genetic Diversity, Key words, RAPD, and 3 moreUPGMA, Genotype, and Crataegus Azarolus Fuit
Research Interests: Biochemistry, Botany, Genetics, Plasticity, Diversity, and 15 moreFisheries, Biology, Pollen Morphology, Gender and Sexuality Studies, African American Males and Education, Science journalism, Plant Physiology, Pollen, Biosciences, Plant sciences, Pollen analysis, Animal Sciences, Gynodioecy, Ochradenus baccatus, and Inconstant Male
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This paper was made in the region of M'daourouch-Dréa which is part of the high plains of northeastern Algeria, located southwest of the Souk-ahras Wilaya in eastern Algeria. It is a plain with agricultural vocation which requires for... more
This paper was made in the region of M'daourouch-Dréa which is part of the high plains of northeastern Algeria, located southwest of the Souk-ahras Wilaya in eastern Algeria. It is a plain with agricultural vocation which requires for its development more water. Knowing that the rainfall is low (465mm/year) and not enough to meet the needs of farmers, the use of groundwater then becomes the only alternative to fill this lack of resources. Among the aquifers identified in this region is that contained in fissured limestones of lower Maestrichian age. In order to satisfy farmers and citizens in water it is necessary to have a good characterization of this aquifer. The objective of this paper is to improve the knowledge on the morphology and the extension of this aquifer and to locate its roof in space to help operators choose areas favorable to exploitation, so direct them to the nearest areas of the surface thus minimizing the cost of the drilling operation. To achieve this goal,...
In this paper, we reported the extraction process of five different flowering plants utilizing different dye extraction methods and solvents (ethanol and water) to choose the best dye removal process. The FTIR spectra revealed the... more
In this paper, we reported the extraction process of five different flowering plants utilizing different dye extraction methods and solvents (ethanol and water) to choose the best dye removal process. The FTIR spectra revealed the presence of several clear functional groups for all five natural dyes. The analytical studies such as UV spectros-copy, column chromatography, and vacuum evaporation were performed to isolate the dyes from their solutions. The UV-Vis studies on the pigments of flower extracts indicated broad absorption peaks in the visible region including clear bandgaps. Among the studied pigments, Alternanthera ficoidea showed the lowest direct bandgap of 1.69 eV and an Urbach energy value of 6.33 meV. The dye extraction yield rate improvement was extended from 11.7 to 24.7% (water solvent) and 11.3-32.4% (ethanol solvent). Throughout the studies, it was observed that ethanol produced a better extraction for organic dyes than water as a solvent. Aging studies revealed that all the dyes at the room temperature showed better stability with minor changes in the observed optical parameters in oxygen-rich conditions; however, these parameters have shown significant variations at a 60 C temperature.
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Salt stress is a major environmental constraint most limiting plant productivity. Seeking salt-tolerant crops requires an examination of the behavior of the plant development including seed germination stage. The effects of NaCl stress... more
Salt stress is a major environmental constraint most limiting plant productivity. Seeking salt-tolerant crops requires an examination of the behavior of the plant development including seed germination stage. The effects of NaCl stress (100 mM) combined or not with different solutions of phytohormones ABA (0.005 mM), GA3 (0.005 mM) and SA (0.5 mM) on germination of two processing tomato cultivars named Rio Grande (Rg) and Imperial (Ip) were investigated. Seeds were subjected to salt stress, combined or not with hormones, at two stages of development (48 and 96 hours). The results shows that the germination rate and germinate value of the two processing cultivars of tomato were influenced by the different treatments. On the other hand, salicylic acid as GA3 attenuate the effect of NaCl. Instead, the middle enriched with ABA inhibits seed germination. Moreover, the tested stress conditions had shown a significant variability in the germination and handling between the two germination stages. Nevertheless, the effect of GA3 and SA on the germination of two processing tomato varieties to improve the inhibitory effect of ABA and salinity was discussed.
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To investigate effects of potassium application and irrigation regimes on the quantitative and qualitative yields of Forage Sorghum (Speed-feed cultivar) in dry regions, an experiment was conducted using a factorial design with three... more
To investigate effects of potassium application and irrigation regimes on the quantitative and qualitative yields of Forage Sorghum (Speed-feed cultivar) in dry regions, an experiment was conducted using a factorial design with three replications and three irrigation regimes (irrigation after depletion of 40, 60 and 80 percent of field capacity) and four potassium rates (0, 50, 100 and 150Kg ha-1) in Sistan region, southern Iran. Stomatal resistance, water use efficiency, yields and plant height were measured in all treatments throughout growth season. The results showed, water stress had very significant effects on plant height, wet forage yield, dry forage yield, leaf stomata resistance and water use efficiency. Potassium fertilizer application on the dry and wet foliage yield, leaf stomata resistance and water use efficiency were high significant.