Bob Edwards
East Carolina University, Sociology, Department Member
- Social Movements, Social Movement, Environmental Sociology, Organizational Behavior, Environmental movements, Sustainable Tourism, and 20 morePolitical Ecology, Sociology, Social Capital, Civil Society and the Public Sphere, Social movement organizations, Political Sociology, Social Control, Policing Studies, Protest, Protest Policing, Protest Movements, Anarchism, Police, Democratization, Environmental Justice, Social movements and revolution, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Civil Society, Social Movements (Political Science), and Community participation and engagementedit
Research Interests: Sociology, Political Sociology, Social Movements, Comparative Politics, Ethics, and 59 moreCommunication, Technology, Nonprofit Studies, Political Participation, Feminist Theory, Social Networks, Social Sciences, Marxism, Research Methodology, Qualitative methodology, Global Civil Society, Feminist Philosophy, Political Science, Sexuality, Social Capital, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Gender, Civil Society and the Public Sphere, Evaluation, Nonprofit, Nonprofit Governance, Social Movements (Political Science), Regulation, Michel Foucault, Quantitative methodology, Citizenship, Identity And Social Movements, Social movements and revolution, Management Nonprofit, Nonprofit Advocacy, Negative Social Capital, Governance and Civil Society, Civic Engagement, Social and Political Philosophy, Solidarity Economy, NGOs (Anthropology), Social and Cultural Capital, Nonprofit Management and Leadership, Civil Society, Non-state actors, Civic Agency, Nonprofit Organizations, Nongovernmental organizations, NGOs funding and management, Public Participation, Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil - ONG, Participatory governance, Capital social, Political ecology, NGOs, sustainable development, biodiversity, agroecology, amazonia, brazil, global change, environmental actors, protect areas, nature conservation., Policy formulation, Interest groups in EU, Theories of Socialism, Civil Society Organizations, Community participation and engagement, international NGOs, Antiglobalization Social Movements, Social Movements/Civil Society, Civil Society: Nongovernmental Organization, Social Science, and Latin American feminisms
Research Interests: Sociology, Political Sociology, Political Participation, Social Networks, Research Methodology, and 23 moreQualitative methodology, Global Civil Society, Contemporary History, Political Science, Social Capital, Kosovo, Bosnia, Croatian, Yugoslavia, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Civil Society and the Public Sphere, Quantitative methodology, Negative Social Capital, Governance and Civil Society, Civic Engagement, Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian literature, Civil Society, Serbian Politics, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Western Balkans, Communism and national question, and Social and Religious Networks
Universities Respond to Troubled Times: Innovations in Teaching, Research, and Service for the 21st Century. A two-issue series of the American Behavioral Scientist, Sam Marullo and Bob Edwards, Editors. 1999. “Universities in... more
Universities Respond to Troubled Times: Innovations in Teaching, Research, and Service for the 21st Century.
A two-issue series of the American Behavioral Scientist, Sam Marullo and Bob Edwards, Editors.
1999. “Universities in Troubled Times: Institutional Responses” 42:(5): 743-901.
2000. “Service Learning Movement: Response to Troubled Times in Higher Education” 43:(5):741-912.
A two-issue series of the American Behavioral Scientist, Sam Marullo and Bob Edwards, Editors.
1999. “Universities in Troubled Times: Institutional Responses” 42:(5): 743-901.
2000. “Service Learning Movement: Response to Troubled Times in Higher Education” 43:(5):741-912.
Research Interests: Sociology of Education, Higher Education, Student Motivation And Engagement, Sustainability in Higher Education, Service Learning, and 14 moreSocial Justice, Transformation of University Systems, Social Justice in Education, Social Justice Issues, Learning And Teaching In Higher Education, Equity and Social Justice in Higher Education, Higher Education Management, Service-Learning, Higher Education Policy, College student development, Service Learning in Higher Education, University, Sociology of Higher Education, and Social Justice Issues In Adult and Higher Education
"Civil Society and the Social Capital Debate. A two issue series of the American Behavioral Scientist, Bob Edwards and Michael W. Foley, Editors. 1997. “Social Capital, Civil Society and Contemporary Democracy.” Vol. 40(5): 547-677.... more
"Civil Society and the Social Capital Debate. A two issue series of the American Behavioral Scientist, Bob Edwards and Michael W. Foley, Editors.
1997. “Social Capital, Civil Society and Contemporary Democracy.” Vol. 40(5): 547-677.
1998. “Civil Society and Social Capital in Comparative Perspective.” Vol. 42(1): 1-139."
All articles from these two volumes of American Behavioral Scientist except those authored by Edwards and Foley/Foley and Edwards were reprinted in Beyond Tocqueville: Civil Society and the Social Capital Debate in Comparative Perspective, 2001 (2007) Edited by Bob Edwards, Michael W. Foley and Mario Diani. New Hanover: University Press of New England.
An unabridged translation of "Beyond Tocqueville" into Serbo-Croatian is available as "Posle Tokvila." See below.
"
1997. “Social Capital, Civil Society and Contemporary Democracy.” Vol. 40(5): 547-677.
1998. “Civil Society and Social Capital in Comparative Perspective.” Vol. 42(1): 1-139."
All articles from these two volumes of American Behavioral Scientist except those authored by Edwards and Foley/Foley and Edwards were reprinted in Beyond Tocqueville: Civil Society and the Social Capital Debate in Comparative Perspective, 2001 (2007) Edited by Bob Edwards, Michael W. Foley and Mario Diani. New Hanover: University Press of New England.
An unabridged translation of "Beyond Tocqueville" into Serbo-Croatian is available as "Posle Tokvila." See below.
"
Research Interests: Sociology, Political Sociology, Social Movements, Social Theory, Comparative Politics, and 34 moreNonprofit Studies, Social Sciences, International Studies, Democratic Theory, Global Civil Society, Political Science, Democratization, Social Capital, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Civil Society and the Public Sphere, Nonprofit, Nonprofit Governance, Social Movements (Political Science), Democracy, Nonprofit Advocacy, Participatory Democracy, Governance and Civil Society, NGOs (Anthropology), Radical Democracy, Nonprofit Management and Leadership, Civil Society, Advocacy and Activism, Nonprofit Organizations, Financial Sociology,economics of Households,economic Psychology,new Institutional Economics,history of Economic Thought,globalization,civilization Development,economic Theory,households Savings,trust,public and Private Partnership,social Responsibility, Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil - ONG, Sociedade civil, Advocacy, Policy Advocacy, Civil Society Capacity Building and Development, International Studies and Politics, Democracy and Citizenship Education, Civil Society Organizations, Social Movements/Civil Society, and Social Science
Studies of hurricane evacuation have often noted that women are more likely than men to evacuate, yet few examined those differences and tried to explain them. This paper undertakes a series of bivariate and multivariate analyses to... more
Studies of hurricane evacuation have often noted that women are more likely than men to evacuate, yet few examined those differences and tried to explain them. This paper undertakes a series of bivariate and multivariate analyses to examine the relationship between evacuation and gendered variations in socioeconomic status, care-giving roles in the household, evacuation incentives, exposure to risks, and perception of risk. A series of hypotheses are developed and tested in order to help explain why women are more likely than men to evacuate. The data used come from a cross-sectional survey of 1,050 coastal North Carolina households affected by Hurricane Bonnie, which made landfall near Wilmington, N. C., on August 25, 1998. Results from a series of bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses indicate that women are more likely to evacuate than men because of socially constructed gender differences in care-giving roles, access to evacuation incentives, exposure to risk, and perceived risk. We find, in part, that women are more likely to evacuate because, compared to men, they live at greater exposure to risk and have a heightened perception of risk. Yet, those men who are at greater risk and do perceive heightened risk are more likely to evacuate than women with comparable risk exposure and perception. Future studies of disaster response should distinguish clearly between the intention to evacuate and the capacity to do so.
Research Interests: Engineering, Sociology, Gender Studies, Social Sciences, Disaster Studies, and 15 moreResilience, Disaster risk management, Gender, Natural Hazards, Risk Management, Disaster Management, Sociology of Gender, Hurricane Evacuation, Disasters, Gender Issues, Disaster risk reduction, Disaster Education, Poison Control, Children and Natural Hazards, and Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
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This paper examines how threatening economic conditions and preexisting community resources facilitated the spread of Occupy Wall Street protest groups to more than 600 counties in the continental United States in 2011. Using a... more
This paper examines how threatening economic conditions and preexisting community resources facilitated the spread of Occupy Wall Street protest groups to more than 600 counties in the continental United States in 2011. Using a generalized linear mixed model, we find that economic threats and accessible resources are complementary facilitators of movement mobilization. But contrary to the expectations based on earlier media and scholarly accounts, the “disruptive threats” caused by the Great Recession failed to predict the formation of Occupy groups. Instead, groups were more likely to mobilize in counties that had the “positional threats” of relatively higher income inequality and relatively lower median incomes in comparison to state norms. However, the effect of positional economic threats was nuanced as counties with lower than average unemployment more likely had groups mobilized. In addition, resources continue to demonstrate empirical importance in explanations of social move...
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Associations provide institutionalized opportunities for social exchange and the strengthening of pro-social attitudes and social skills. Social capital – such as trust, norms, and networks – is a by-product of associational involvement.... more
Associations provide institutionalized opportunities for social exchange and the strengthening of pro-social attitudes and social skills. Social capital – such as trust, norms, and networks – is a by-product of associational involvement. In trustful relationships transaction costs are decreased for all participants because fewer resources are required for compliance. In this way, social capital provides an attractive solution to the collective-good dilemma. The causal relation between associational involvement and social capital is mainly explained by learning processes. Positive effects are especially expected from bridging social capital based on involvement in heterogeneous networks that reinforce tolerance, openness, and outer-directedness. Bonding social capital in homogenous networks strengthens feelings of exclusivity and inner-directedness. Increasingly, attention is drawn to feasible dark sides of and to modes of negative social capital.
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We argue that the broader Resource Mobilization (RM) approach remains very relevant to analyzing the full spectrum of contemporary social and political movements, and strongly recommend that contemporary analysts take a fresh look at... more
We argue that the broader Resource Mobilization (RM) approach remains very relevant to analyzing the full spectrum of contemporary social and political movements, and strongly recommend that contemporary analysts take a fresh look at resource mobilization theory. The first major section of this paper examines how RM has been used in recent research before considering briefly why it has been under-utilized. The second major section articulates a contemporary reformulation of a core portion of RM related specifically to resources. That section begins by differentiating a five-fold categorization of resource types that extends well beyond considerations of money, people and formal organizations, which have predominated in recent research. We then discuss the analytical importance of two key resource attributes (how fungible and proprietary resources are) before turning our attention to the broader issue of how movements gain access to resources. Four major mechanisms of resource access characteristic of social and political movements are delineated. Finally, we discuss the important concept of the exchange relationships through which specific movement actors gain access to particular resources and the constraints (or facilitations) various kinds of exchange relations can place on movements. We conclude by sketching new lines of research and contending that the RM approach is well-suited for analyzing the full spectrum of contemporary movements.
Research Interests: Organizational Behavior, Political Sociology, Social Change, Political Economy, Organizational Change, and 15 moreSocial Entrepreneurship, Organizational Culture, Political Ecology, Political Science, Social Capital, Social Justice, Organization Studies, Resource Dependence Theory, Social Inequality, New social movements, Movimientos sociales, Social Conflict, Social Engagement, National and Social Movements, and Antiglobalization Social Movements
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This is second in a two-issue series conceptualized as documenting educational innovations in higher education that could be seen as responses of colleges and universities to changing economic, political, and social forces. This... more
This is second in a two-issue series conceptualized as documenting educational innovations in higher education that could be seen as responses of colleges and universities to changing economic, political, and social forces. This issue's authors diagnose a number of different problems in the current practices of colleges and universities and prescribe pedagogical initiatives that link students to the community through service learning, which is the integration of community service activities into the curriculum through intentional analytical processes. The authors of these articles are pushing the theoretical and praxis boundaries of service learning to tackle challenging issues such as how to best enhance the student's learning experience to create self-motivated learners who become civic participants, how to structure programs and practices to best support such work, and how to alter institution- and discipline-driven reward systems to promote and sustain faculty involvement in service learning.
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Since the early 1990s, North Carolina has been the fastest growing swine-producing state in the country and the leading innovator in vertically integrated, industrially structured hog farming. Although the growth and concentration of... more
Since the early 1990s, North Carolina has been the fastest growing swine-producing state in the country and the leading innovator in vertically integrated, industrially structured hog farming. Although the growth and concentration of swine production has been associated ...
Research Interests: Sociology, Environmental Sociology, Rural Sociology, Social Sciences, Political Ecology, and 14 moreSustainable agriculture, Sustainable Development, Agricultural Economics, Rural Development, Agriculture, Environmental Justice, Sustainable Rural Development, Agriculture and Food Studies, Sustainable Agriculture (Environment), Sustainable Agriculture (Sustainability), Food Security, Food Studies, Production economics, and Census
Scholars of nonprofits, interest groups, civic associations, and social movement organizations employ samples of organizations derived from directories or other available listings. In most cases, we are unable to evaluate the... more
Scholars of nonprofits, interest groups, civic associations, and social movement organizations employ samples of organizations derived from directories or other available listings. In most cases, we are unable to evaluate the representativeness of these samples. Using data on the population of environmental organizations in North Carolina, we assess the methodological strengths and weaknesses of widely used strategies. We find that reliance on any single source yields bias on theoretically important characteristics of organizations. We show that scholars can reduce bias significantly by combining sources, creating what we call a “peak list” compiled from different types of sources. Compared to any single source, our peak list differed less from the population on the thirty-one organizational characteristics including geographical coverage, issues, discursive frames, targets, and organizational demographics such as age, organizational form, and resources. From these analyses, we offe...
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The rapid pace of change under way in America's colleges and universities has sparked a wide-ranging and often heated public debate about the social role and responsibilities of higher education in American society. From small,... more
The rapid pace of change under way in America's colleges and universities has sparked a wide-ranging and often heated public debate about the social role and responsibilities of higher education in American society. From small, private liberal arts colleges in economically distressed urban areas to state-supported land-grant and research institutions, schools nationwide are taking these challenges head-on often with government,
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Research Interests: Environmental Sociology, Climate Change, Critical Geopolitics, Political Ecology, Food Security and Insecurity, and 15 moreAnthropology of Food, Governance, Gender, Agriculture, Postcolonial Theory, Environmental Justice, Environmental Sustainability, Agricultural extension, Agriculture and Food Studies, Food Security, Institutions, Critical Development Studies, Hiv Aids, Climate Politics, and Development Policies and Strategies
... GENDER AND LEADERSHIP IN THE LITHUANIAN RURAL COMMUNITY MOVEMENT Issues, Activities and Impacts 1 Bob EDWARDS, Maria DILLARD & Arunas JUSKA Page 2. 108 • Bob EDWARDS, Maria DILLARD & Arunas JUSKA ...
Research Interests: Social Movements, Eastern European Studies, Social Policy, Community Development, Community Organizing, and 15 moreSocial Movement, Political Science, Baltic Studies, Democratization, Organization Studies, Gender, Rural Development, Social movements and revolution, Europeanization, Civil Society, Central and Eastern Europe, Place Marketing, Poverty Studies, Civil Participation, and Civil Society Development In Post communist States
Research Interests: Criminology, Human Rights, International Criminal Law, Immigration Law, Collective Action, and 15 moreHuman Trafficking, Critical Criminology, Community Policing, Cultural power and resistance, International Labour Law, Dissent, Irony, Indignados, International Occupy Movement, Gezi Protests, Antiglobalization Social Movements, Large Scale Urban Interventions, Anti austerity Protests, European Spring, and Anti Capitalist Social Movements
The massive protests at the Third Ministerial Meeting of the World Trade Organization in November 1999 resulted from broad and accelerating changes in global social and political relations. Many protesting groups had been involved in... more
The massive protests at the Third Ministerial Meeting of the World Trade Organization in November 1999 resulted from broad and accelerating changes in global social and political relations. Many protesting groups had been involved in previous struggles for global economic justice that shaped their identities and strategies in Seattle. This study examines the participants, activities, and political context of the "Battle of Seattle." It explores the transnational activist linkages and suggests that a division of labor was present whereby groups with local and national ties took on mobilization roles while groups with routinized transnational ties provided information and frames for the struggle. An examination of the tactics used in Seattle suggests that national protest "repertoires" have been adapted for use in global political arenas. There is also some evidence of protest innovation in response to global political integration and technology. While this study e...
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Scattered mentions of “social capital” or similar terms date back at least to the 1920s, yet the concept did not gain currency and widespread use until popularized by the work of Robert Putnam in the 1990s. By the time Putnam's book... more
Scattered mentions of “social capital” or similar terms date back at least to the 1920s, yet the concept did not gain currency and widespread use until popularized by the work of Robert Putnam in the 1990s. By the time Putnam's book Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community came out in 2001, criticisms had already emerged regarding the scope of social, economic, and political processes social capital was said to affect, the lack of clarity in its conceptualization, and about both the validity and reliability of how it was being measured (Foley, Edwards, & Diani 2001). In the years since, the scholarly literature using some conceptualization of social capital has exploded, with the term appearing in the titles of over 300 books and upward of 6000 scholarly articles. The diversity of definition and elasticity of measurement evidenced in much of the recent literature confirms concerns expressed a decade ago that social capital was becoming merely a catch-all concept capable of solving any problem from local to global and thus problematic. Keywords: movements; resource mobilization; social networks
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The purpose of this paper is to assess the determinants of hurricane evacuation behavior of North Carolina coastal households during Hurricane Bonnie and a future hypothetical hurricane. We use data from a telephone survey of North... more
The purpose of this paper is to assess the determinants of hurricane evacuation behavior of North Carolina coastal households during Hurricane Bonnie and a future hypothetical hurricane. We use data from a telephone survey of North Carolina coastal residents. Hypothetical questions are used to assess whether respondents will evacuate and where in the case of a future hurricane with varying intensities. We examine the social, economic, and risk factors that affect the decisions to evacuate and whether to go to a shelter or motel/hotel relative to other destinations. When making the evacuation decision households are more likely to go someplace safer during a hurricane when given evacuation orders. Objective and subjective risk factors also play an important role when making evacuation decisions. Social and economic factors are the primary determinants of the destination decision. 1
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ABSTRACT This is second in a two-issue series conceptualized as documenting educational innovations in higher education that could be seen as responses of colleges and universities to changing economic, political, and social forces. This... more
ABSTRACT This is second in a two-issue series conceptualized as documenting educational innovations in higher education that could be seen as responses of colleges and universities to changing economic, political, and social forces. This issue's authors diagnose a number of different problems in the current practices of colleges and universities and prescribe pedagogical ini tiatives that link students to the community through service learning, which is the integration of community service activities into the curriculum through intentional analytical processes. The authors of these articles are pushing the theoretical and praxis boundaries of service learning to tackle challenging issues such as how to best enhance the student's learning experience to create self-motivated learners who become civic participants, how to structure programs and practices to best support such work, and how to alter institution- and discipline-driven reward systems to promote and sustain faculty involvement in service learning.
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This paper examines how threatening economic conditions and preexisting community resources facilitated the spread of Occupy Wall Street protest groups to more than 600 counties in the continental United States in 2011. Using a... more
This paper examines how threatening economic conditions and preexisting community resources facilitated the spread of Occupy Wall Street protest groups to more than 600 counties in the continental United States in 2011. Using a generalized linear mixed model, we find that economic threats and accessible resources are complementary facilitators of movement mobilization. But contrary to the expectations based on earlier media and scholarly accounts, the “disruptive threats” caused by the Great Recession failed to predict the formation of Occupy groups. Instead, groups were more likely to mobilize in counties that had the “positional threats” of relatively higher income inequality and relatively lower median incomes in comparison to state norms. However, the effect of positional economic threats was nuanced as counties with lower than average unemployment more likely had groups mobilized. In addition, resources continue to demonstrate empirical importance in explanations of social movement mobilization, as Occupy groups were more likely to form in counties with greater access to social-organizational and human resources. Combined, these findings suggest that scholars can strengthen their analyses by considering threats and resources as complementary facilitators of local protest mobilization and by focusing greater attention on how differing types of threats may influence the mobilization of social movements.
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Research Interests: Entrepreneurship, Sociology, Sociology of Sport, Creativity, Skateboarding, and 18 moreSubcultures, Economics of Innovation, Youth Subcultures, Innovation and Creativity (Business), Youth subcultures (Sociology), Subcultural entrepreneurs, Post-subcultures theory, Subculture, Lifestyle Sports, Commercialization, Subcultural Studies, Dick Hebdige, Subculturas, Lifestyle Entrepreneurship, Urban Subcultures, Sociology of Culture and Subcultures, Sociology of Skateboarding, and Skateboarding Subculture
Research Interests: Sociology, Cultural Studies, Social Movements, Sociology of Religion, Sociology of Sport, and 24 moreMusic, Gender Studies, Subcultures, Gender, Youth Culture, Social Media, Tourism Community Development, Youth Subcultures, Cybercultures, Youth, Sports, Extreme Sports, Generations, Culture and Development, Sociological theory/analysis, qualitative research methods, social anthropology, political sociology, social movements, democratization, State-society relations, civil society role in developing countries, Lifestyle Sport, Commercialization, Middle East and North Africa, Media and identity, Self Representation, Community participation and engagement, Soical Movement, Emotion and Religion; Punk Rock and Violence, and Punk Based Subcultural Studies
An analysis of the emergence and rise of an alternative sport scene using social movement theory. The rise of Freestyle BMX in "Pro-Town, USA" (Greenville, NC) from local kids erecting guerrilla ramp parks on vacant lots to a residential... more
An analysis of the emergence and rise of an alternative sport scene using social movement theory. The rise of Freestyle BMX in "Pro-Town, USA" (Greenville, NC) from local kids erecting guerrilla ramp parks on vacant lots to a residential concentration of top pros.
Research Interests: Sociology, Political Sociology, Social Movements, Sociology of Sport, Tourism Studies, and 50 moreYouth Studies, Subcultures, Community Engagement & Participation, Community Development, Community Organizing, Recreation & Leisure Studies, Outdoor Recreation, Local History, Sports History, Social Movement, Collaboration, Youth Culture, Local Economic Development, Local Government and Local Development, Social Movements (Political Science), Tourism Community Development, Leisure Studies, Youth Subcultures, Community, Leisure, Community Based Tourism, Open Innovation, Civic Engagement, Youth subcultures (Anthropology), Sustainable Tourism Development, Youth subcultures (Sociology), Collaborative Learning, Youth, New social movements, Sport, Sports, Social Innovation, Extreme Sports, North Carolina History, Human Resources in Tourism and Hospitality, Special Interest Tourism (Adventure, Film, Wine Tourism etc.), Sport and Event Tourism, Hotel Management, Eco-Tourism, RECREATION, Lifestyle Sport, Commercialization, Youth movements, Sport and recreational tourism, Resource Mobilization Theory, Community participation and engagement, Actividades Recreativas, Social Entrepreneurship & Innovation, Sociology of Sport and Leisure, and Youth Movement
Research Interests: Sociology, Political Sociology, Social Movements, Subcultures, Authenticity, and 40 moreSociology of Music, Youth Subcultures, Punk, Commodification of Cutlure, Framing, Punk Rock, Commodification of Culture, Commodification, Far Right, Neo Nazism, Far-right wing parties, Nazismo, Far-Right Politics, far-right politics Europe, Commercialization, Extreme and Far Right, Far-right in Europe, Far-right parties in Europe, Skinheads, Antifascism, Neo-Nazi, Music Subcultures, Punk Subculture, The Far Right: Anti-Immigration Parties, Neofascist and Extreme Right Parties in Europe, The political rise of far right, White Power, Urban Subcultures, Simon Frith, History of Punkrock and other subcultures, Far Right Terrorism, Far Right Movements, Emotion and Religion; Punk Rock and Violence, Punk Based Subcultural Studies, Música E Política, Historia Del Punk, Skinhead, Stieg Larsson, Musical Subcultures, Problem Music, and antifa
Research Interests: Engineering, Sociology, Social Work, Coastal Management, Disability policy (Social Policy), and 32 moreRehabilitation, Disability Studies, Critical Disability Studies, Disaster Studies, Disaster risk management, Disability Policy Analysis, Disability policy, Urban Planning, Risk and Vulnerability, Natural Hazards, Disaster Management, Risk and Vulnerability - Natural Hazards, Vulnerability, Disaster Mental Health, Coastal Hazards, Disaster Preparedness, Social vulnerability, Disability, Natural Disasters, Disasters, Disaster risk reduction, Coastal Vulnerability Assessment, Natural Hazards and Risks, Disaster Mitigation, Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief, Environmental Hazards and Disasters, Physical disability, Orphans and Vulnerable Children, Human Services Social Work, Hazarde Naturale, Children and Natural Hazards, and Crisis/disaster Management
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This research uses a resource mobilization analytic framework to undertake an empirical assessment of central and controversial claims of new social movements (NSM) theory. Key dimensions of organizational style along which social... more
This research uses a resource mobilization analytic framework to undertake an empirical assessment of central and controversial claims of new social movements (NSM) theory. Key dimensions of organizational style along which social movement organizations (SMOs) among the "new" social movements are expected to differ significantly from those within "old" social movements are specified. These include degree of bureaucracy, (de)centralization of power and organizational operating strategy, whether participatory or professionalized. The rich organizational level data assembled here from separate national samples of "new" and "old" SMOs enable each dimension of organizational style to be examined empirically. Multiple regression analyses of cross-movement differences and intra-movement variation over time in these indicators of organizational style constitutes the empirical basis for assessing new social movements theory.
NSM data comes from 411 peace movement organizations (PMOs) that responded to a nationally representative 1988 mail survey of "groups working for peace" in the United States. The PMO sample of 803 was drawn from among the 7,700 groups listed in the 1987 edition of the Grassroots Peace Directory. "Old" movement data comes primarily from 177 poor people's empowerment organizations that responded to a 1987 mailed survey of 482 groups that received grant funding from the Campaign for Human Development (CHD) between 1982-1986. The strengths and limitations of this unique cross-movement data set are described and its appropriateness for assessing specific claims of NSM theory claims discussed extensively.
Results of the cross movement analyses generally contradict or fail to confirm relevant expectations of NSM theory and undermine confidence in it as an explanation of the distinctiveness of the so called new social movements. Generally only the smallest SMOs regardless of their social class base, social change goals or the broader movement to which they belong fit the NSM organizational profile. Similarly, the age related expectations of NSM theory regarding the persistence of the NSM organizational style over time find no support in this assessment. NSM theory undervalues the importance of meso level social structures in understanding the reflexive relationship between social movements and social change, and oversimplifies the dynamics related to the distribution, persistence, and transformation of SMO forms over time.
NSM data comes from 411 peace movement organizations (PMOs) that responded to a nationally representative 1988 mail survey of "groups working for peace" in the United States. The PMO sample of 803 was drawn from among the 7,700 groups listed in the 1987 edition of the Grassroots Peace Directory. "Old" movement data comes primarily from 177 poor people's empowerment organizations that responded to a 1987 mailed survey of 482 groups that received grant funding from the Campaign for Human Development (CHD) between 1982-1986. The strengths and limitations of this unique cross-movement data set are described and its appropriateness for assessing specific claims of NSM theory claims discussed extensively.
Results of the cross movement analyses generally contradict or fail to confirm relevant expectations of NSM theory and undermine confidence in it as an explanation of the distinctiveness of the so called new social movements. Generally only the smallest SMOs regardless of their social class base, social change goals or the broader movement to which they belong fit the NSM organizational profile. Similarly, the age related expectations of NSM theory regarding the persistence of the NSM organizational style over time find no support in this assessment. NSM theory undervalues the importance of meso level social structures in understanding the reflexive relationship between social movements and social change, and oversimplifies the dynamics related to the distribution, persistence, and transformation of SMO forms over time.
Research Interests: Organizational Behavior, Sociology, Political Sociology, Social Change, Social Movements, and 21 moreOrganizational Theory, Social Sciences, Social Movement, Political Science, Democratization, Collective Action, Organization Studies, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Social Movements (Political Science), Transnational Social Movements, Sociological Theory, Latin American social movements, Social movements and revolution, Social movement organizations, Collective Action Theory, New social movements, Movimientos sociales, New Social Movements, Green Movement, Environmentalism, National and Social Movements, Antiglobalization Social Movements, and Anti Capitalist Social Movements
We argue that the broader Resource Mobilization (RM) approach remains very relevant to analyzing the full spectrum of contemporary social and political movements, and strongly recommend that contemporary analysts take a fresh look at... more
We argue that the broader Resource Mobilization (RM) approach remains very relevant to analyzing the full spectrum of contemporary social and political movements, and strongly recommend that contemporary analysts take a fresh look at resource mobilization theory. The first major section of this paper examines how RM has been used in recent research before considering briefly why it has been under-utilized. The second major section articulates a contemporary reformulation of a core portion of RM related specifically to resources. That section begins by differentiating a five-fold categorization of resource types that extends well beyond considerations of money, people and formal organizations, which have predominated in recent research. We then discuss the analytical importance of two key resource attributes (how fungible and proprietary resources are) before turning our attention to the broader issue of how movements gain access to resources. Four major mechanisms of resource access characteristic of social and political movements are delineated. Finally, we discuss the important concept of the exchange relationships through which specific movement actors gain access to particular resources and the constraints (or facilitations) various kinds of exchange relations can place on movements. We conclude by sketching new lines of research and contending that the RM approach is well-suited for analyzing the full spectrum of contemporary movements.
Research Interests: Organizational Behavior, Sociology, Political Sociology, Social Change, Social Movements, and 47 moreSocial Theory, Political Economy, Organizational Theory, Nonprofit Studies, Social Networks, Social Sciences, Organizational Change, Social Entrepreneurship, Social Networking, Organizational Culture, Political Ecology, Social Movement, Political Science, Social Capital, Social Justice, Organization Studies, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Civil Society and the Public Sphere, Nonprofit Governance, Social Movements (Political Science), Social movements and revolution, Human Resources, Nonprofit Advocacy, NGOs (Anthropology), Resource Dependence Theory, Nonprofit Management and Leadership, Civil Society, Advocacy and Activism, Social Inequality, New social movements, Nonprofit Organizations, Movimientos sociales, NGOs funding and management, Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil - ONG, Advocacy, environmental NGOs, Social Conflict, Political ecology, NGOs, sustainable development, biodiversity, agroecology, amazonia, brazil, global change, environmental actors, protect areas, nature conservation., Policy Advocacy, NGO management, Nonprofit organisations, Social Engagement, Social Entrepreneurship & Innovation, National and Social Movements, Antiglobalization Social Movements, and Social Movements/Civil Society
Contemporary protesters confront a dual-struggle. Most obviously, the struggle of protest is directed at targets in an effort to make social, cultural or political change. Yet, in order to engage the struggle of protest, activists must... more
Contemporary protesters confront a dual-struggle. Most obviously, the struggle of protest is directed at targets in an effort to make social, cultural or political change. Yet, in order to engage the struggle of protest, activists must prevail to some degree in a struggle to protest. The struggle to protest pits citizens against a multidimensional policing strategy designed to incapacitate the protest itself. The research here examines the Occupy Wall Street struggle to protest by identifying and analyzing a dozen “moves of resistance” performed by protesters to counter the New York Police Department’s efforts to incapacitate protest through spatial constraints, surveillance and information control. The analysis here focuses on the first two months of OWS protests in New York City based on data derived from two week-long field observations in New York City during the first and second month anniversaries of the occupy protests as well as interviews with activists, news media and activist accounts, legal reports, and legal observers.
Research Interests: New Religious Movements, Sociology, Collective Behavior, Political Sociology, Social Movements, and 71 moreInternational Relations, Multiculturalism, Political Participation, Social Sciences, Architecture, Ethnography, Social Networking, International Law, Human Rights, International organizations, Political Anthropology, Conflict, Security, Social Movement, Political Science, Urban Planning, Security Studies, Collective Action, Political Violence and Terrorism, Nationalism, Critical Criminology, Surveillance Studies, Urban Morphology, History of Political Violence, Resistance (Social), Police, Social Media, Protest, Diplomacy, Social Movements (Political Science), Policing Studies, Transnational Social Movements, Social movements and revolution, Ethnicity, Surveillance, Cultural power and resistance, Minority Rights, Peace, New social movements, Social Control, Policing, Movimientos sociales, Surveillance, personal data, social sorting, privacy, camera surveillance, identification systems, internet surveillance, biometrics, Protest Movements, Police and Policing, Social protests, Freedom, Protest and resistance, Indignados, Arab Spring (Arab Revolts), Repression, Occupy Wall Street, Anti-Capitalism #ows Protest Anti-Globalisation, Public order policing, International Occupy Movement, Occupy Movement, Anti Capitalist and Anti Globalisation Movements, Spanish Indignados (Occupy), Protest and State Repression, Architecture and Public Spaces, Security and Surveillance, Occupy Gezi Park, Gezi Protests, Antiglobalization Social Movements, Sports Mega Events, Large Scale Urban Interventions, Political Economy of Sport, 15 M, Anti austerity Protests, European Spring, and Anti Capitalist Social Movements
... forms of capital (economic, cultural, and social) that taken together" explain the structure anddynamics of differentiated ... to other resources, we are here raising the issue of uneven access to... more
... forms of capital (economic, cultural, and social) that taken together" explain the structure anddynamics of differentiated ... to other resources, we are here raising the issue of uneven access to social-organizational resources among potential social movement constituencies ...