‫ﺣﻘﻮق ا�ﻃﺒﻊ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺤﻘﻮق ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇ ٌﺔ ِل "إي ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‪" eMarkaz‬‬

‫ِ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴ ُﻊ اﻟ‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ‪:‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
‫ُ‬
‫كﻠﻢ اﱰﱴﺳﲎﱮم ﻣﻮﱰﱮﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ إﻟﻴﺎس ﻏُﻤﻦ ﺣ�ﻇﻪ اﷲ‬
‫ﻣﺘ ُ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ‪:‬‬
‫ُ‬
‫ﺗﺎرﻳ ُﺦ اﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪ :‬ﺷﻮال ‪١٤٤٦‬ﻫـ – ﻧیﺴﲝن ‪٢٠٢٥‬م‬

‫‪www.emarkaz.org‬‬
 ‫اﻟ�ﻬﺮس‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟ�ہﺮس‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ‪8 ..........................................................................‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪9 ..................................................................‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ‪9 ................................................................‬‬

‫اﻟﺠ ِّﺮ( ‪10 .......................................................‬‬

‫ف َ‬ ‫)ﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل ُ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َّ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺎ ِء{ ‪10 .....................................................‬‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫ا َﻟْ� َْﺻ ُﻞ ا ﱰ ْﱳ َ َّو ُل َ‬
‫}ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫َﱮم( ‪12 ........................ ................................‬‬
‫ف اﻟﲎ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬

‫ف "ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ"( ‪12 ....................... ................................‬‬ ‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﻟ�ﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ِﺚ َ‬ ‫ا ْ‬

‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف إ�َ�( ‪13 .......................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫ف " َﺣ� ّٰ�"( ‪13 .................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬

‫ف "�َ� ٰی"( ‪14 ..................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ َ‬

‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف " َﻋ ْﻦ"( ‪14 .................... ................................‬‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "� ِ ْي"( ‪14 ........................ ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻣ ُ‬
‫ِﻦ َ‬
‫ف ا ﻟك َ ِ‬
‫ﲝف( ‪15 ...................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺘﺎ ِﺳ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬

‫"ﻣ ْﻨﺬُ "( ‪15 ............... ................................‬‬

‫"ﻣﺬْ " َو ُ‬
‫ف ُ‬‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺎﺷ ُﺮ َ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ِ‬

‫"ر َّب"( ‪15 ................ ................................‬‬

‫ف ُ‬‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ي َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎ ِد ْ‬
‫او"( ‪16 ................. ................................‬‬
‫"اﻟﻮ ِ‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
 ‫اﻟ�ﻬﺮس‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "اﻟ َﺘﺎ ِء"( ‪16 ............... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ِﺚ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َ‬
‫"ﺣﺎ َﺷﲝ"‪َ " ،‬ﺧﲎ َﱮ"‪َ �َ " ،‬ﺪا"( ‪16 . ................................‬‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸ َّ� َﻬ ُﺔ ِﺑﺎ ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ(‪17 ..........................................‬‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫)اﻟﺤ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي ُ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮﻓَﺎ َّ‬
‫"إن" َو َّ‬
‫"أن( ‪17 ................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل َ‬
‫ف "ك َّ‬
‫َﲟن"( ‪17 ........................ ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "ﻟﻜ َّ‬
‫ِﻦ"( ‪17 ...................... ................................‬‬ ‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ِﺚ َ‬

‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "ﻟ َْﻴ َﺖ"( ‪18 ...................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫ف "ﻟ ََﻌ َّ‬
‫ﻞ"( ‪18 .................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬

‫ﺎن ِﺑـ"ﻟَ ْي َﺲ"(‪18 ....................................‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺸ َّ� َﻬ َﺘ ِ‬
‫)"ﻣﺎ" َو"ﱰ َﱮ" َ‬
‫ِﺚ َ‬‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬

‫ﺎﺻ َﺒ ُﺔ ﻟِﲎ ِ ْ‬
‫ﱮﺳ ِﻢ( ‪19 ..........................................‬‬ ‫ف اﻟ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ ُ‬
‫)اﻟﺤ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫او ِﺑ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� َﻣ َﻊ"( ‪19 ............ ................................‬‬
‫"اﻟﻮ ِ‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل َ‬

‫ف "إﱰَّﱮ" ْ‬
‫ﻟﲎﱮﺳ ِﺘ ْث َﻨﺎ ِء( ‪19 .............. ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬

‫)ﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫ف اﻟ ِﻨ َﺪا ِء( ‪19 .................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ِﺚ َ‬
‫اﻟ َّﺘ ْﻤ ِﺮ ﻳ ُﻦ )‪20 ...................................................................... (١‬‬

‫ﺎر ِع( ‪23 ..............................‬‬ ‫ﺎﺻ َﺒ ُﺔ ﻟِﻠْ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َ‬

‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬ ‫ف اﻟ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ ُ‬
‫)اﻟﺤ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫"أن"( ‪23 ........................ ................................‬‬
‫ف ْ‬ ‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل َ‬
‫ف "ﻟَ ْﻦ"( ‪23 ......................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬

‫ف "� َ ْي"( ‪24 ........................ ................................‬‬

‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ِﺚ َ‬
 ‫اﻟ�ﻬﺮس‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "إذَ ْن"( ‪24 ...................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِم( ‪25 ..................................................‬‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫)ﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس ُ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮﻓَﺎ "ﻟ َْﻢ" َو"ﻟ َّﻤَﺎ"( ‪25 .................. ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳول َ‬
‫ﱳﻣ ِﺮ"(‪25 ................ ................................‬‬
‫َﱮم ﻟِﲎ ْ ْ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "اﻟﲎ ِ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮف "ﱰ َﱮ" ﻟِﻠ َ� ْ� ِي( ‪26 .................. ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ِﺚ َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﺰا ِء( ‪26 ....... ................................‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺸ ْﺮ ِط َو َ‬
‫"إن" َ‬
‫ف ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِم ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ا ْﺷ ِﺘ َﻤﺎ� َِﻬﺎ َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ِط( ‪27 ........................‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِﺑ ُﻊ ْ‬
‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء َ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل )" َﻣ ْﻦ"( ‪27 .............................. ................................‬‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬

‫)"ﻣﺎ"( ‪27 ................................ ................................‬‬

‫ِﺚ ُّ‬
‫)"أي"( ‪27 ............................. ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ )" َﻣ� ٰ�"( ‪28 ............................. ................................‬‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ ْ‬
‫)"أﻳ َﻨ َﻤﺎ"( ‪28 ......................... ................................‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس )"أ�ّ�( ‪28 ............................. ................................‬‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬

‫اﻟﺴﲝ ﺑِ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)"� ْﻬ َﻤﺎ"( ‪28 ........................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫)"ﺣ ْيﺜُ َﻤﺎ"( ‪28 .......................... ................................‬‬
‫ِﻦ َ‬‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻣ ُ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺘﺎ ِﺳ ُﻊ )إذْ َﻣﺎ( ‪28 .............................. ................................‬‬

‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد( ‪29 ......................................................‬‬

‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء َ‬
‫ِﻦ ْ‬‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻣ ُ‬
‫اد( ‪29 ........................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل )اﱰﱳ�ْ َﺪ ُ‬
 ‫اﻟ�ﻬﺮس‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي )"ﻛ َْﻢ"( ‪31 .............................. ................................‬‬

‫ِﺚ )ك َﲟ ِﻳّ ْﻦ( ‪31 .............................. ................................‬‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ )ﻛَﺬَ ا( ‪31 ............................... ................................‬‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫ﺎل(‪32 ....................................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟ َﺘﺎ ِﺳ ُﻊ ْ‬
‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺿ ِﺮ( ‪32 ...........................‬‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ْﻮ ُﺿ ْﻮ َﻋ ُﺔ ﻟِﲎ ْ ْ‬
‫ﱳﻣ ِﺮ َ‬ ‫ﺎل َ‬‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل ْ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻮ ُﺿ ْﻮ َﻋ ُﺔ ﻟِﻠْ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ْي( ‪33 ...........................‬‬ ‫ﺎل ْ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي ْ‬
‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬

‫اﻟ َﺘ ْﻤ ِﺮ ْﻳ ُﻦ )‪34 ..................................................................... (2‬‬

‫ﺎﺷ ُﺮ )اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ َﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻ ُﺔ( ‪37 .................................................‬‬

‫اﻟﻌ ِ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل )"ك َﲝن"(‪37 .............................. ................................‬‬

‫ﺎر( ‪37 ................................ ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬

‫)ﺻ َ‬
‫ِﺚ )أ ْﺻ َﺒﺢَ ‪ ،‬أ ْﺿ�َ�‪ ،‬أ ْﻣ َ��( ‪38 .............. ................................‬‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ﺎت( ‪38 .......................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ ) َﻇ َّ‬
‫ﻞ‪ ،‬ﺑ َ َ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫ام( ‪39 .......................... ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ َ‬
‫)ﻣﺎ َد َ‬
‫)ﻣﺎ َزا َل‪َ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺑ َ ِﺮحَ ‪َ ،‬ﻣﺎ ا ﻧْﻔ َّ‬
‫َﻚ‪َ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻓَ�ِئَ( ‪39 ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِﺑ ُﻊ )ﻟ َْي َﺲ( ‪39 ............................. ................................‬‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬

‫ي َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟﻤﻘ َ‬

‫َﺎرﺑَﺔِ(‪40 .............................................‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎ ِد ْ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل ) َﻋ ٰ��( ‪40 .............................. ................................‬‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي )ك َ‬

‫َﲝد( ‪40 . ................................ ................................‬‬
 ‫اﻟ�ﻬﺮس‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ِﺚ )ﻛ َُﺮ َب( ‪41 ............................. ................................‬‬

‫ﻚ(‪41 ............................. ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ ْ‬

‫)أو َﺷ َ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل ْ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪ ِح َواﻟﺬَ ِّم(‪41 ..........................................‬‬

‫ِﺚ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ ُﻘﻠ ُْﻮ ِب(‪43 ...............................................‬‬

‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ﻚ( ‪43 ...................... ................................‬‬
‫اﻟﺸ ِ ّ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل َ‬

‫اﻟﻴ ِﻘ ْﰿ ِﻦ( ‪43 ...................... ................................‬‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل َ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺸﰐَ َﺮﻛَﺔ ﺑ َ ْي َ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ( ‪44 ........ ................................‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ِﺚ )اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل ا ْ‬
‫اﻟ َﺘ ْﻤ ِﺮ ْﻳ ُﻦ )‪45 ..................................................................... (3‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ‪49 ................................................................‬‬

‫اﱰﱳو ُل )اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ( ‪50 .............................................................‬‬

‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َّ‬
‫)اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ُر( ‪50 ............................................................‬‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ( ‪51 ......................................................‬‬
‫ِﺚ ْ‬‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل( ‪52 .....................................................‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ ْ‬
‫)اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ )ا�ﺻ َﻔ ُﺔ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﺸ َّ� َﻬ ُﺔ(‪53 .................................................‬‬

‫ﺎف( ‪53 ........................................................‬‬

‫)اﻟ� َﺿ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس ُ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ ‪54 ................................................................‬‬

‫اﱰﱳو ُل )اﱰﱮﺑْ ِﺘ َﺪا ُء( ‪55 ..........................................................‬‬

‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َّ‬
‫ﺎرع( ‪55 .................................................‬‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫)اﻟﻌﺎ ﻣ ُ‬
‫ِﻞ � ِ ْي ُ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫�ﺴﻢ اﻟﻠہ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣیﻢ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫�ﻬﺎ ِإﱰَّﱮ‬ ‫ﻟﻌ ْﻘ ِﻞ‪ِ ،‬إذْ ﱰ َﱮ ﺗ ُ ْﻌ َﺮ ُب ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ِﻓ َ‬ ‫ﻟﻤ ْ�ﻃ ِِﻖ َوا َ‬ ‫ِﻦ ا َ‬‫ﺎت اﻗْﰐِ َﺮا ﺑًﺎ ﻣ َ‬ ‫ِﻦ أ َ ْﻛﰱ َ ِﺮ اﻟﻠ ُّ َﻐ ِ‬ ‫ِإ َّن اﻟﻠ ُّ َﻐ َﺔ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ ِﺑ َّﻴ َﺔ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ﺎط أ َ ِو‬
‫ِي� َﻬﺎ ﻟِﲎِﱮ�ْ ِت َﺒ ِ‬ ‫ﺎت اﻟّ�ِي ﻗ َْﺪ ﺗ َ ْ� َﺿ ُﻊ ﺗ َ َﺮا ﻛ ُ‬
‫ِﻦ اﻟﻠ ُّ َﻐ ِ َ‬ ‫ﰿﺮ ﻣ َ‬ ‫ﺐ � ُ َﺴ� َّ� �َﺎ ِﻣﲎ ًﱮ‪َ ،‬و ٰﻫﺬَ ا َﻣﺎ ُﻳ َﻤ ّﰿِ ُﺰ َﻫﺎ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻛ ِﺜ ٍ‬ ‫ﻟ َِﺴ َﺒ ٍ‬
‫َ‬
‫�ﻬﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎم ُﻣ ْﺤﻜ ٍَﻢ َﻳ ْﺮ ِ� ُﻂ أﻟْﻔَﺎظَ َﻬﺎ ِﺑ َﻤ َﻌ ٍ‬
‫ﺎن ﺗ ُ َﺆ ِّد َ‬ ‫ﺎﺑ َﺘﺔٍ‪ .‬ﻓَﺎﻟﻠ ُّ َﻐ ُﺔ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ ِﺑ َّﻴ ُﺔ ﻗَﺎﺋِ َﻤ ٌﺔ �َ�َ� ِ� َﻇ ٍ‬ ‫اﻟ َّﺘ ْﻘ ِﻠﻴ ِﺪ ُد َ‬
‫ون ﻗَﺎ ِ� َﺪ ٍة ﺛ َ ِ‬
‫ﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﰿﺮ �ي اﱰﱴﻋﺮ َ‬
‫ﻟﻤبْ� ٰی َﻣ ًﻌﺎ‪.‬‬‫ﻟﻤ ْﻌ� ٰ� َوا َ‬ ‫اب أﺛ َ ًﺮا �ِي ا َ‬ ‫َو ﻳَ ْﺠ َﻌ ُﻞ ﻟِك ُ ِ ّ َ ْ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ْ َ ِ‬
‫َﺎظ َوﺗ ُ َﺤ ّ ِﺪ ُد َو َﻇﺎﺋِ� ََﻬﺎ �ِي‬ ‫اﻟﻌ َﻮاﻣ ِِﻞ اﻟَّ�ِي ﺗ َ ْﺤﻜ ُُﻢ اﱰﱳَﻟْﻔ َ‬ ‫اﺳ ِﺔ َ‬ ‫َوﻗَ ِﺪ ا ْﻫ َت َّﻢ اﻟ ُّﻨ َﺤﺎةُ ُﻣ ْﻨﺬُ اﻟْ ِﻘ َﺪ ِم ِﺑ ِﺪ َر َ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠَﺔِ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺘﻮ َﺳﻌﻮا �ي ﺑﺤ ِ�ﻬﺎ و�َﺻ ِنﻴ�ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣ� ّٰی أَوﺻ َ�ﻬﺎ ﺑ� ُضﻬﻢ إ�� ِﻣ َﺌﺎت اﻟﻌﻮاﻣِﻞ‪ ،‬ﰿﺮ أ َ َن َ‬
‫ِﻞ ﻓِ َ‬
‫�ﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﺘﺄ ّﻣ َ‬
‫ِ َ َ ِ �َ ْ َ ّ ُ‬ ‫ََ ّ ُ ِ َ ْ َ َ ْ ِ َ َ ْ َ َ َْ ُ ْ ِ ٰ‬ ‫ُ ْ‬
‫ﻳَ ِﺠ ُﺪ أَ� َّ َﻬﺎ ﺗ َ ْﻨ َ� ِﺻ ُﺮ �ِي ِﻣﺎﺋَ ِﺔ َ�ﺎ ﻣ ٍِﻞ َرﺋِي�ِ ٍيّ‪ ،‬ﺗ َ َﺘ َﻮ َّزعُ ﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ َﻋ َﻮاﻣ َ‬
‫ِﻞ ﻟَ ْ� ِﻇ َّﻴ ٍﺔ َو َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨ ِﻮ َّﻳ ٍﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ ِب ُد َ‬
‫ون‬ ‫ِﻞ اﻟﻠ َّ ْ� ِﻇ َّﻴ ُﺔ ﺗ َ ْﻨﻘ َِﺴ ُﻢ ِإ�ٰ� َﺿ ْﺮﺑ َ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪َ :‬ﺳ َﻤﺎ ِﻋ َّﻴ ٌﺔ‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ اﻟَّ�ِي ﻧُ ِﻘﻠ َْﺖ ِإﻟ َْي َﻨﺎ َﻋ ِﻦ َ‬ ‫َﺎﻟﻌ َﻮاﻣ ُ‬
‫ﻓ َ‬
‫ﺖ ﺑِ َﻨﺎ ًء َ��َ� ﻗ ََﻮا�ِ َﺪ ُ� َّﻃ ِﺮ َد ٍة‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎﺳ َّﻴ ٌﺔ‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ اﻟَّ�ِي ُو ِﺿ َﻌ ْ‬ ‫ﺎس‪َ ،‬وﻗ َْﺪ ﺑَﻠ َ َﻐ ْﺖ َوا ِﺣ ًﺪا َو� ِ ْﺴ ِﻌﰿ َﻦ �َﺎ ِﻣﲎ ًﱮ‪َ ،‬وﻗِ َﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﻗِ َﻴ ٍ‬
‫َو َ� َﺪ ُد َﻫﺎ َﺳ ْﺒ َﻌ ٌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺎق‬‫اﻟﺴ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ِﻦ ِّ‬ ‫اب ﻣ َ‬ ‫اﱰﱴ ْﻋ َﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﰿﺮ َﻫﺎ �ِي ِ‬ ‫ِﻦ ﻳُ� َْﻬ ُﻢ ﺗَﺄﺛِ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ْﻌ َﻨ ِﻮ ﻳَّ ُﺔ‪ِ�َ� ،‬يَ ا ﻟَّ�ِي ﱰ َﱮ ُﻳ ْ� َﻃ ُﻖ ِ� َﻬﺎ َو ﻟَﳉ ْ‬
‫ِﻞ َ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ َﻮاﻣ ُ‬‫أ ّﻣَﺎ َ‬
‫ﻳﺪ َوﱰ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﻨ ُ� ُﺺ‪.‬‬‫اﻟﻌ َﻮاﻣ ِِﻞ اﻟ َّﻨ ْﺤ ِﻮ َّﻳ ِﺔ �ِي ِﻣﺎﺋَ ِﺔ َ�ﺎ ﻣ ٍِﻞ ﱰ َﱮ ﺗ َ ِﺰ ُ‬ ‫ﺎن ﻓَ� َْﻂ‪َ ،‬و ِ� ٰﻬﺬَ ا ﺗ َ ْﻨ َ� ِﺻ ُﺮ َﺟ ِﻤﻴ ُﻊ َ‬ ‫ﻟﻤ ْﻌ� ٰ�‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ ا ﺛ ْ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫َوا َ‬
‫ﺎن أ َ ْﻣ ِﺜﻠ َ ِ� َﻬﺎ َوﺗ َ ْﻮ ِﺿﻴ ِﺢ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﻮاﻣ ِِﻞ َﺟ ِﻤﻴ ِ� َﻬﺎ‪َ ،‬ﻣ َﻊ ﺑ َ َﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺎب َﻫ ِﺬ ِه َ‬ ‫ﻴﻌ ِ‬ ‫ﺎب‪َ ،‬ﺳ َﻌ ْي َﻨﺎ ِإ�ٰ� ْ‬
‫اﺳ ِت َ‬ ‫َو�ِي ٰﻫﺬَ ا اﻟ ِﻜ َﺘ ِ‬
‫ِﻚ‪ .‬ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗ ََّﺴ ْﻤ َﻨﺎ َﻫﺎ ِإ�ٰ�‬ ‫ﻳﻒ‪َ ،‬ﺣ ْيﺜُ َﻤﺎ ﺗ َ َي َّﺴ َﺮ ﻟَ َﻨﺎ ذَ ﻟ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ِﺮ ِ‬‫ي َّ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ اﻟ َّن َﺒ ِﻮ ِّ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﻢ َو َ‬ ‫آن اﻟﻜ َِﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِﻦ اﻟﻘ ُْﺮ ِ‬ ‫َﺷ َﻮا ِﻫ ِﺪ َﻫﺎ ﻣ َ‬
‫ﷲ أ َ ْن‬
‫ﺎب َﺟﺎ ِﻣ ًﻌﺎ َﻣﺎ ﻧِ ًﻌﺎ‪َْ � ،‬ﺴﲟ َ ُل ا َ‬ ‫ِﺐ �ِي ﺗ َ َﻌﻠ ُّ ِ� َﻬﺎ َو�َ ْﻬ ِ� َﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﺠﺎ َء ٰﻫﺬَ ا اﻟ ِﻜ َﺘ ُ‬ ‫ﻮل‪ ،‬ﺗ َ ْ� ِﻬﻴﲎ ًﱮ َ��َ� َّ‬
‫ا�ﻃﺎ ﻟ ِ‬ ‫اع َو� ُُﺻ ٍ‬ ‫أﻧْ َﻮ ٍ‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫يﻢ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟ� ِﻇ ِ‬ ‫ار اﻟ َّﻨ ْﺤ ِﻮ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ� ِ ِيّ َ‬ ‫ﺎﺣﺎ ﻟِ� َْﻬ ِﻢ أ ْﺳ َﺮ ِ‬‫ِﺐ اﻟ ِﻌﻠ ِْﻢ‪َ ،‬و ِﻣ ْﻔ َﺘ ً‬ ‫ﻮن َﻋ ْﻮﻧًﺎ �ِ َﻃﺎ ﻟ ِ‬‫َﻳ ُﳉ َ‬

‫ﻳﻮم اﻟﺨﻤیﺲ؛ ‪ ۵‬ﺷﻮال اﻟﻤﮑﺮم ‪۱۴۴۶‬ھ ؛ ‪ ۴‬ﻧیﺴﲝن ‪۲۰۲۵‬م‬

 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ‬

‫ِﻞ اﻟﻠ َّ ْ� ِﻇ َّﻴ َﺔ ﺗ َ ْﻨﻘ َِﺴ ُﻢ ِإ�ٰ� َﺿ ْﺮﺑ َ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪َ :‬ﺳ َﻤﺎ ِﻋ َّﻴ ٌﺔ‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ اﻟَّ�ِي ﻧُ ِﻘﻠ َْﺖ ِإﻟ َْي َﻨﺎ َﻋ ِﻦ‬
‫ﮐ ََﻤﺎ ذَ ﮐ َْﺮﻧَﺎ ا َ َّن اﻟْ َﻌ َﻮاﻣ َ‬
‫ﺎﺳ َّﻴ ٌﺔ‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ اﻟَّ�ِي ُو ِﺿ َﻌ ْ‬
‫ﺖ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ًء َ��َ� ﻗ ََﻮا�ِ َﺪ‬ ‫ﺖ َوا ِﺣ ًﺪا َو� ِ ْﺴ ِﻌﰿ َﻦ َ�ﺎ ِﻣﲎ ًﱮ‪َ ،‬وﻗِ َﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺎس‪َ ،‬وﻗ َْﺪ ﺑَﻠ َ َﻐ ْ‬ ‫ون ﻗِ َﻴ ٍ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ ِب ُد َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ُ� َّﻃ ِﺮ َد ٍة‪َ ،‬و�َ َﺪ ُد َﻫﺎ َﺳ ْﺒ َﻌ ٌﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ف اﻟ َﺠ ِّﺮ(‬
‫)ﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل ُ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ َﻢ ﻓَ� َْﻂ‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ َﺳ ْﺒﻌ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َﺣ ْﺮﻓًﺎ‪- :‬‬
‫ف ﺗ َ ُﺠ ُّﺮ ْ‬
‫�ِيَ ُﺣ ُﺮ ْو ٌ‬

‫اﻟﺠ ِّﺮ‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫ُﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫َﺣ� ّٰ�‬ ‫ِإ� ٰی‬ ‫ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ‬ ‫َﱮم‬
‫اﻟﲎ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎ ُء‬
‫َ‬
‫ُﻣﺬْ‬ ‫ا ﻟك َ ُ‬
‫ﲝف‬ ‫� ِ ْي‬ ‫َﻋ ْﻦ‬ ‫�َ� ٰ�‬
‫َﺣﺎ َﺷﲝ‬ ‫اﻟ َّﺘﺎ ُء‬ ‫او‬
‫اﻟﻮ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُر َّب‬ ‫ُﻣ ْﻨﺬُ‬
‫�َ َﺪا‬ ‫َﺧﲎ َﱮ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎ ِء{‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫ا َﻟْ� َْﺻ ُﻞ ا ﱰ ْﱳ َ َّو ُل َ‬
‫}ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻌ َﺸ َﺮ ِة َﻣ َﻌ ٍ‬
‫ﺎن‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎق‪:‬‬‫‪ .1‬ا َﱰ ْ ِﱴ� َْﺻ ُ‬
‫َو ُﻫ َﻮ ا� َّﺻﺎ ُل اﻟ َ� ْي ِء ِﺑﺎ ﻟ َ� ْي ِء‪ ،‬ﻗ َْﺪ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن َﺣ ِﻘ ْﻴ َﻘ ًﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻓ ََﻤ ْﻦ ك َ‬
‫َﲝن ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﳉ ْﻢ َّﻣ ِﺮ ْ� ًﺿﺎ‬
‫هﻬ َﻨﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺎ َء ُ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن َ‬ ‫ف{ َّ‬ ‫ِﻦ َّرا ِْﺳ ٖﻪ {‪ ،‬وﻗ َْﺪ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن َﻣ َﺠﺎ ًزا ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻓَﺎِ ْﻣ َﺴﲝكٌ ۢ ِﺑ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﺮ ْو ٍ‬
‫ا َ ْو ِﺑ ٖ ۤﻪ اَذًى ّﻣ ْ‬
‫ﺎق َﻣ َﺠﺎ ًزا‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﲎﱴ� َْﺻ ِ‬
‫ﱮﺳ ِﺘ َﻌﺎ ﻧَ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ا َ ﱰ ِ ْ‬
‫ﺎﺣ ْﻴﻪِ‪.‬‬
‫أي ُﻣ ْﺴ َﺘ ِﻌ ْي ًﻨﺎ ﺑِ َﺠ َﻨ َ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ� ٰ� } َو ﱰ َﱮ ٰ ٓﻃ ِﱀ ٍﺮ َّ� ِﻃ ْﰿ ُﺮ ﺑِ َﺠ َﻨ َ‬
‫ﺎﺣ ْﻴ ِﻪ{ ْ‬
‫‪ .3‬اﻟ َﺘ ْﻌ ِﻠ ْﻴ ُﻞ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎن اﻟ ِﻌﻠَّﺔِ‪ ،‬ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬اِ ﻧَّ ُﳉ ْﻢ َﻇﻠ َْﻤ ُت ْﻢ ا َﻧْﻔ َُﺴﻜ ُْﻢ ِﺑﺎ ِﺗ ّ َﺨﺎ ِذ ﻛ ُُﻢ اﻟْ ِﻌ ْﺠ َﻞ{ ْ‬
‫أي‬ ‫أي ﻟِبَ َﻴ ِ‬‫ْ‬
‫ﱰِﱳﻧَّ ُﳉ ْﻢ ا ﺗ َّ َﺨﺬْ ﺗ ُ ْﻢ‪.‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺎﺣ َﺒ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟ� َﺻ َ‬
‫‪ُ .4‬‬
‫َﱮﻣ ِﺔ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ‬ ‫أي َﻣ َﻊ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲎ َ‬ ‫ﷲ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ� } ٰﻳ ُﻨ ْﻮحُ ا ْﻫ ِ� ْﻂ �ِ َﺴﻠ ٰ ٍﻢ ِّﻣ َّﻨﺎ َو ﺑ َ َﺮﻛ ٍٰﺖ { ْ‬
‫أي اﻟﻤ ِﻌ َّﻴ ُﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ا ُ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ِﻋ ْﻨ ِﺪﻧَﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻟ َﺘ ْﻌ ِﺪ َﻳ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎل‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ‬ ‫ا�ﻬ ْﻤ َﺰ ِة � ِ ْي ﺑ َ ِ‬
‫ﺎب اﱰﱴﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬ ‫َﺎم َ‬
‫َﱮز ِم إ�َ� اﻟﻤ َﺘ َﻌ ّ ِﺪي‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ ﺗَﻘ ُْﻮ ُم َﻣﻘ َ‬ ‫أي ﺗ َ ْﺤ ِﻮ ْﻳ ُﻞ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟﲎ ِ‬
‫ْ‬
‫أي �َ�َ� إ ْذ َﻫ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺑﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ن{ ْ‬ ‫ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و اِ ﻧَّﺎ �َ�ٰ� َذ َﻫ ٍ ۭ‬
‫ﺎب ِﺑ ٖﻪ ﻟَ ٰﻘ ِﺪ ُر ْو َ ۚ‬
‫‪ .6‬اﻟﻤﻘَﺎ ﺑَﻠ َ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ِﻦ اﻟ ُْﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ ْﰿ َﻦ ا َﻧْﻔ َُ� ُﻬ ْﻢ َو‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ ا ْﺷ َﰐ ٰﺮى ﻣ َ‬
‫ﺎن اﻟﻤﻘَﺎ ِﺑ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬اِ َّن ّٰ َ‬ ‫أي ﻟِبَ َﻴ ِ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ا َ ْﻣ َﻮا َ� ُﻬ ْﻢ ِﺑﺎ َ َّن َ� ُﻬ ُﻢ اﻟ َْﺠ َّﻨ َﺔ{‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺒ ِب َّﻴ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪َ .7‬‬
‫ﺐ ذَﻧْ ِﺒﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬ﻓَكُﲎًّﱮ ا َ َﺧﺬْ ﻧَﺎ ِﺑﺬَ ﻧْ ِﺒﻪ{ ْ‬
‫أي �ِ َﺴ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺒ ِ‬
‫ﺎن َ‬‫أي ﻟِبَ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ا�ﻇ ْﺮﻓِ َّﻴ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪َ .8‬‬
‫ﺎر‬
‫اﱰﱳﺳ َﺤ ِ‬ ‫ﺎر ُﻫ ْﻢ � َ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻐ ِﻔ ُﺮ ْو َن{ ْ‬
‫أي � ِ ْي ْ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ� } َو ِﺑﺎ ﱰ ْﱮ َ ْﺳ َﺤ ِ‬
‫‪ .9‬اﻟﻘ ََﺴ ُﻢ‪:‬‬
‫}وﻗَﺎ ﻟ ُْﻮا ِﺑ ِﻌ َّﺰ ِة ﻓِ ْﺮ َﻋ ْﻮ َن اِ ﻧَّﺎ ﻟَ َﻨ ْﺤ ُﻦ اﻟْ ٰﻐ ِﻠ ُﺒ ْﻮ َن{ ْ‬
‫أي ﻧُﻘ ِْﺴ ُﻢ ِ� َﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ :‬‬
‫ﺎدةُ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺰ ﻳَ َ‬
‫‪ِ .10‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َو�ِيَ ﻟﻠ َﺘ ْﻮﻛ ِْﻴ ِﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و َﻣﺎ َﻣ َﻨ َﻌ َﻨﺎ ۤ ا َ ْن ﻧُّ ْﺮ ِﺳ َﻞ ِﺑﺎ ﱰْﱮٰ ٰﻳ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺎ ُء َزاﺋِ َﺪةٌ أ ِﺿ ْﻴﻔ ْ‬
‫َﺖ ﻟِﻠ َﺘﺄﻛ ِْﻴ ِﺪ ﱰ َﱮ‬ ‫ﺖ{ َ‬
‫�َ ْﰿ ُﺮ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﲎﱮ�ﻇﺔ‪:‬‬
‫َﱮم" َو" َ�� ٰی" َو ِ"إ� ٰ�" َ‬
‫وﺳ َﺘﺄ� ِ ْي َﻣ َﻌﺎ� ِ ْي‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ِّﺮ ﻛَـ "اﻟﲎ ِ‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫"اﻟﺒﺎ ُء" � ِ ْي أ ْﺧ َﺮى َﻣ َﻌﺎ� ِ ْي ُﺣ ُﺮ ْو ِ‬
‫وﻗ َْﺪ � ُْﺴ َﺘ ْﺨ َﺪ ُم َ‬
‫ﷲ‪.‬‬
‫اب اﻟﻘَﺎ ِد َﻣﺔِ‪ .‬اِ ْن َﺷﲝ َء ا ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺤ ُﺮ ْو ِ‬
‫ف � ِ ْي اﱰﱳﺑْ َﻮ ِ‬ ‫ٰﻫ ِﺬ ِه ُ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫َﱮم(‬
‫ف اﻟﲎ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺎن‪:‬‬
‫ﱳرﺑ َ َﻌ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻌ ٍ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﱰ ِ ْ‬
‫ﺎص‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﱰﱮ ْﺧ ِ� َﺻ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ْﻤ ُﺪ ُﻣ ْﺨ� ٌّ‬
‫َﺺ ِﺑﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪.‬‬ ‫أي َ‬‫ﻪﻠﻟ َر ِّب اﻟ ْٰﻌﻠ َ ِﻤ ْﰿ َﻦ{ ْ‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا َﻟ َْﺤ ْﻤ ُﺪ ِ ّٰ ِ‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟ َﺘ ْﻌ ِﻠ ْﻴ ُﻞ‪:‬‬
‫إن �ِﻠ َّ َﺔ َﺟﻌ ِﻞ‬
‫أي َّ‬ ‫ادا ﻟّ ُِ� ِﺿ َّ‬
‫ﻞ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺳ ِب ْﻴ ِﻠ ٖﻪ{ ْ‬ ‫ﺎن اﻟ ِﻌﻠَّﺔِ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و َﺟ َﻌ َﻞ ِ ّٰ ِ‬
‫ﻪﻠﻟ ا َﻧْ َﺪ ً‬ ‫أي ﻟِبَ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ْ‬
‫اﱰﱴﺿﲎ َﱮ ُل َﻋ ْﻦ َﺳ ِب ْﻴ ِﻞ اﷲِ‪.‬‬
‫اﱰﱳﻧْ َﺪا ِد �ِيَ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻗ ََﺒ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻟِّ َي َّﺘ ِﺨﺬَ ﺑ َ ْ� ُض ُﻬﻢ ﺑ َ ْ�ﺿﺎ ً‬
‫}و َرﻓ َْﻌ َﻨﺎ ﺑ َ ْ� َض ُﻬ ْﻢ ﻓ َْﻮ َق ﺑ َ ْ� ٍﺾ َد َر ٰﺟ ٍ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻗِ َﺒﺔِ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ :‬‬ ‫ﺎن َ‬ ‫أي ﻟِبَ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ْ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻗِ َﺒ ُﺔ أ� َّ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻳ َّﺘ ِﺨﺬُ ْو َن ﺑ َ ْ� ًﺿﺎ ِﻣ ْ� ُﻬ ْﻢ ُﺳ ْﺨ ِﺮ ّﻳًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫أي َ‬ ‫ُﺳ ْﺨ ِﺮ ًّﻳﺎ{ ْ‬
‫‪ .4‬اﻟﻘ ََﺴ ُﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﷲ ﻟَ ْﻦ ُﻳ َﺆ َّﺧ َﺮ اﱰﱳ َﺟ ُﻞ"‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ َب‪ِ " :‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ ِل َ‬
‫ﺎدةُ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺰ َﻳ َ‬
‫‪ِ .5‬‬
‫أي َر ِدﻓَ ُﳉ ْﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺾ اﻟَّ ِﺬ ْ‬
‫ی � َْﺴ َﺘ ْﻌ ِﺠﻠ ُْﻮ َن{ ْ‬ ‫ف ﻟَ ُﳉ ْﻢ ﺑ َ ْ� ُ‬ ‫َو�ِيَ ﻟﻠ َﺘﺄﻛ ِْﻴ ِﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ :‬‬
‫}ر ِد َ‬
‫ف " ِﻣ ْﻦ"(‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺚ َ‬‫ﻟ�ﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ا ْ‬
‫ﺎن‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ َﻣﺎ َﻳ� ِْي‪:‬‬
‫ﱰﱳرﺑ َ َﻌ ِﺔ َﻣ َﻌ ٍ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ْ‬
‫‪ .1‬ا ﺑْ ِﺘ َﺪا ُء اﻟ َﻐﺎ َﻳﺔِ‪:‬‬
‫إن ﻧُ� َْﻃ َﺔ ِﺑ َﺪا ﻳَ ِﺔ‬
‫أي َّ‬ ‫ِﻦ اﻟ َْﻤ ْﺴ ِﺠ ِﺪ اﻟ َْﺤ َﺮ ِ‬
‫ام { ْ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ� } ُﺳ ْﺒ ٰﺤ َﻦ اﻟَّ ِﺬ ْۤ‬
‫ی ا َْﺳ ٰﺮى ِﺑ َﻌ ْﺒ ِﺪ ٖه ﻟ َْﻴﲎ ًﱮ ّﻣ َ‬
‫اﻟﺤ َﺮ ُ‬
‫ام‪.‬‬ ‫اﱰﱴﺳ َﺮاء �ِيَ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴ ِﺠ ُﺪ َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟ َت ْﺒ ِﻌ ْ� ُ‬
‫ﺾ‪:‬‬
‫�ﺻ ِﻠ ِﺤ ْﰿ َﻦ { ْ‬
‫أي ﺑ َ ْ� ًﺿﺎ ِﻣ ْ� ُﻬ ْﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻪﻠﻟ ﻣ َ‬
‫ِﻦ ا ّٰ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬ﺳ َﺘ ِﺠ ُﺪ�ِیْۤ اِ ْن َﺷﲞ َء ّٰ ُ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫‪ .3‬اﻟ َﺘ ْﺒ ِﻴ ْﰿ ُﻦ‪:‬‬
‫اﱰﱳوﺛ َ ُ‬
‫ﺎن‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺟ َﺲ اﻟَّ ِﺬ ْ‬
‫ي ُﻫ َﻮ ْ‬ ‫أي ِ‬‫ﺎن{ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺟ َﺲ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ا ﱰ ْﱮ َ ْوﺛ َ ِ‬ ‫}ﻓﺎﺟ َﺘ ِن ُﺒ ْﻮا ِّ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪:‬‬
‫ﺎدةُ‬
‫اﻟﺰ َﻳ َ‬
‫‪ِ .4‬‬
‫أي ﻳَ ْﻐ ِﻔ ْﺮ ﻟَ ُﳉ ْﻢ ذُﻧُ ْﻮﺑ َ ُﳉ ْﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫َو�ِيَ ﻟﻠ َﺘﺄﻛ ِْﻴ ِﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ� } ﻳَ ْﻐ ِﻔ َﺮ ﻟَ ُﳉ ْﻢ ّﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ذُﻧُ ْﻮ ِﺑﻜ ُْﻢ { ْ‬

‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف إ�َ�(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟِ َﻤ ْﻌ َﻨ َﻴ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻐﻴَﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺎن‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺑ َ َﻴ ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺎم �ِيَ اﻟﻠ َْﻴ ُﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ا�ﺻ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺎم ِ‬ ‫ﺎم اِ�َی ا ﻟّ ْﻴ ِﻞ{ ْ‬
‫أي �َﺎ َﻳ ُﺔ إﺗ ْ َﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﺛ ُ َّﻢ ا َ ﺗِ ّﻤُﻮا ِّ‬
‫ا�ﺻ َﻴ َ‬
‫ﺎﺣ َﺒ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟ ُْ� َﺻ َ‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و ﱰ َﱮ ﺗَﺎْكُﻠ ُْۤﻮا ا َ ْﻣ َﻮا َ� ُﻬ ْﻢ اِ�ٰۤ� ا َ ْﻣ َﻮاﻟِﻜ ُْﻢ{ ْ‬
‫أي َﻣ َﻊ ْ‬
‫أﻣ َﻮاﻟِﻜ ُْﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛ ُ َّﻢ اﻟﻤ َﻐ ّﻴَﺎ ﻗ َْﺪ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن َدا ِﺧﲎ ًﱮ � ِ ْي َﻣﺎ ﻗ َْﺒ َﻞ "إ�َ�" ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻓَﺎﻏ ِْﺴﻠ ُْﻮا ُو ُﺟ ْﻮ َﻫﻜ ُْﻢ َو ا َ ْﻳ ِﺪ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻢ اِ�َ�‬
‫اﱰﱳﻳ ِﺪي‪.‬‬ ‫َﺎﻟﻤﺮاﻓ ُِﻖ َداﺧ ٌ‬
‫ِﻞ � ِ ْي ُﺣﻜ ِْﻢ ْ‬ ‫اﻟ َْﻤ َﺮاﻓ ِِﻖ { ﻓ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺎم اِ�َی اﻟّ ْﻴ ِﻞ { ﻓ َ‬
‫َﺎ�ﺻ ْﻮ ُم‬ ‫َوﻗ َْﺪ ﱰ َﱮ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن َدا ِﺧﲎ ًﱮ � ِ ْي َﻣﺎ ﻗ َْﺒ ُﻞ "إ�َ�" ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﺛ ُ َّﻢ ا َ ﺗِ ّﻤُﻮا ِّ‬
‫ا�ﺻ َﻴ َ‬
‫ﻳَ ْن َ�� ْ‬
‫ِي ِﺑ ُﺪ ُﺧ ْﻮ ِل ا ﻟﻠ َْﻴ ِﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ف " َﺣ� ّٰ�"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟِ َﻤ ْﻌ َﻨ َﻴ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎن َواﻟﻤك َ ِ‬
‫ﲝن‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﺰ َﻣ ِ‬
‫ِﻦ َ‬‫‪ .1‬ا ﻧْ ِ� َﻬﺎ ُء اﻟ َﻐﺎ َﻳ ِﺔ ﻣ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎ ﻟ ََﻢ َﺣ� ّٰی آﺧ ِِﺮ ٖه‪.‬‬
‫ْﺖ َ‬‫ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ِ�} :‬یَ َﺣ� ّٰ� َ� ْﻃﻠ َ ِﻊ اﻟْ َﻔ ْﺠ ِﺮ { َو َﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ُ :‬ﻃﻔ ُ‬
‫ﺎﺣ َﺒ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟ�ﺻ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫أي َﻣ َﻊ ُﺳ ْﻮ َر ِة َ‬
‫اﻟﺒﻘ ََﺮ ِة‪.‬‬ ‫آن َﺣ�َّ� َ‬
‫اﻟﺒﻘ ََﺮ ِة" ْ‬ ‫أت اﻟﻘ ُْﺮ َ‬
‫ﺤﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪" :‬ﻗ ََﺮ ُ‬
‫ﻧَ ُ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫ا�ﻇﺎ ِﻫ ِﺮ‪ ،‬أ ّﻣَﺎ "إ�ٰ�" ﻓَ َﺘ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫ُﻞ َ�ﻠ َْ� ِﻬ َﻤﺎ‬ ‫ُﻞ إﱰَّﱮ �َ�َ� اﱰ ِ ْ‬
‫ﱮﺳ ِﻢ َ‬ ‫أن " َﺣ� ّٰ�" ﱰ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫�ﻬﺎ َوﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ "إ� ٰی" َّ‬
‫َواﻟﻔ َْﺮ ُق ﺑ َ ْي َ‬
‫"ﺣ َّﺘﺎ ُه"‪.‬‬
‫أن ﻳُﻘَﺎ َل‪" :‬إﻟ َْﻴﻪِ" ُد ْو َن َ‬
‫َﺟ ِﻤ ْﻴ ًﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﻴ ُﺠ ْﻮ ُز ْ‬
‫ف " َ�� ٰی"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﻟـﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ َو ُﻫ َﻮ‪:‬‬
‫َو�ِيَ َ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ ِﻌﲎ ْﱮ ُء‪:‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ ْﻌﲎ َﱮ ُء ﻗ َْﺪ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن َﺣ ِﻘ ْﻴ َﻘ ًﺔ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و َ��َ� اﻟْ ُﻔﻠ ِْﻚ ﺗ ُ ْﺤ َﻤﻠ ُْﻮ َن۠ { َوﻗ َْﺪ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨ ِﻮ ّﻳًﺎ‬
‫ﺛ ُ َّﻢ ْ‬
‫ﺎر ُﻫ ًﺪى {‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا َ ْو ا َ ِﺟ ُﺪ َ��َ� اﻟ َّﻨ ِ‬
‫َﲝﻟﺒﺎ ِء ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺗ َ َﻌﺎل‪ } :‬ا َ ْو ك َﲝ ﻟَّ ِﺬ ْ‬
‫ی َﻣ َّﺮ َ��ٰی ﻗ َْﺮ َﻳ ٍﺔ{ ْ‬
‫أي َﻣ َّﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ِّﺮ ك َ‬
‫أﺣ ُﺮ ِف َ‬
‫َوﻗ َْﺪ ﺗَﺄ� ِ ْي � ِ ْي َﻣ َﻌﺎ� ِ ْي أ ْﺧ َﺮى ْ‬
‫ﺑِﻘ َْﺮ َﻳﺔٍ‪.‬‬
‫َوﻗ َْﺪ ﺗَﺄ� ِ ْي ِﺑ َﻤ َﻌ� ْ�َ َﺣ ْﺮ ِف "� ِ ْي" ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و اِ ْن ُﻛ ْن ُت ْﻢ �َ�ٰ� َﺳﻔ ٍَﺮ{ ْ‬
‫أي � ِ ْي َﺳﻔ ٍَﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ف " َﻋ ْﻦ"(‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس َ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪َ ،‬و ُﻫ َﻮ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎو َزةُ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠ َ‬
‫اﻟﺒ ْﻌ ُﺪ َو َ‬
‫‪ُ .1‬‬
‫َﺐ َﻋ ْﻦ ِّﻣﻠ َّ ِﺔ اِ ﺑْ ٰﺮ ٖﻫ َﻢ{‪.‬‬
‫ﺎن ﺑ ُ ْﻌ ِﺪ َﻣﺎ ﻗ َْﺒ َ� َﻬﺎ َﻋﻤَّﺎ ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ َﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و َﻣ ْﻦ ﻳَّ ْﺮﻏ ُ‬
‫أي ﻟِبَ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ْ‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ِﻣ ُﻦ َ‬

‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "� ِ ْي"(‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪:‬‬
‫َو�ِيَ ْ‬
‫ا�ﻇ ْﺮﻓِ َّﻴ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪َ .1‬‬
‫ف‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﱰ َﱮ ﺗُﻔ ِْﺴ ُﺪ ْوا �ِی ا ﱰْﱮ َْر ِض{‪.‬‬
‫اﻟ�ﻇ ُﺮ ْو ِ‬
‫ﺎن ْ‬ ‫أي ﻟِبَ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ْ‬
‫أي َ��َ�‬ ‫}وﱰَﱮ َُﺻ ِﻠ ّبَ َّﻨ ُﳉ ْﻢ �ِیْ ُﺟﺬُ ْو ِع اﻟ َّﻨﺨ ِ‬
‫ْﻞ{ ْ‬ ‫ﷲ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ :‬‬ ‫َوﻗ َْﺪ ﺗَﺄ� ِ ْي � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� ْ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ ْﻌﲎ َﱮ ِء ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ا ُ‬
‫ُﺟﺬُ ْو ِع اﻟ َﻨﺨ ِ‬
‫ْﻞ‪.‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ف اﻟ ك َ ِ‬
‫ﲝف(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺘﺎ ِﺳ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ َو ُﻫ َﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟ َﺘ ْﺸ ِب ْﻴ ُﻪ‪:‬‬
‫أي � َْﺸ ِب ْﻴ ُﻪ َﻣﺎ ﻗ َْﺒ َ� َﻬﺎ ِﺑﻤﺎ ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ َﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬واﻟَّ ِﺬ ْﻳ َﻦ َﻛﻔ َُﺮ ْۤوا ا َ ْﻋ َﻤﺎ ُ� ُﻬ ْﻢ ﻛ ََﺴ َﺮ ٍ‬
‫اب{‪.‬‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬ﻟ َْی َﺲ َﻛ ِﻤﺜْ ِﻠ ٖﻪ َ�یْ ٌء{‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌ� َ� ﻓ ََﺤ ْﺴ ُ‬
‫ﺎف ﻟِ َﺘ ْﻮﻛ ِْﻴ ِﺪ ا ْ‬
‫َوﻗ َْﺪ � َُﺿ ُ‬
‫"ﻣ ْﻨﺬُ "(‬
‫"ﻣﺬْ " َو ُ‬
‫ف ُ‬‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺎﺷ ُﺮ َ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ِ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟِ َﻤ ْﻌ َﻨ َﻴ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺑِ َﺪا ﻳَ ُﺔ َّ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪ ِة‪:‬‬
‫َ‬
‫أي آﺧ ُِﺮ ُﻣ ّ ِﺪ ِة ُر ْؤ َﻳ�ِ ْي إ ّﻳَﺎ ُه‬ ‫َﲝن َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ُ� َﻬﺎ َﻣ ْﻌ ِﺮﻓَ ًﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ :‬‬
‫"ﻣﺎ َرأ ْﻳ ُﺘ ٗﻪ ُﻣ ْﻨﺬُ َﻳ ْﻮ ِم ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ُﻤ َﻌﺔِ" ْ‬ ‫َو ُﻫ َﻮ إذَا ك َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ُﻤ َﻌﺔِ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳَ ْﻮ َم ُ‬
‫ﺎب َّ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪ ِة‪:‬‬ ‫اﺳ ِت ْﻴ َﻌ ُ‬
‫‪ْ .2‬‬
‫أي َﺟ ِﻤ ْﻴ ُﻊ ُﻣ َّﺪ ِة �َ َﺪ ِم ُر ْؤ َﻳ�ِ ْي إﻳَّﺎ ُه‬
‫"ﻣﺎ َر ْأﻳ ُﺘ ٗﻪ ُﻣ ْﻨﺬُ ﻳَ ْﻮ َﻣ ْﰿ ِﻦ" ْ‬
‫َﲝن َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ُ� َﻬﺎ ﻧَ ِﳉ َﺮةً‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ :‬‬
‫َو ُﻫ َﻮ إذَا ك َ‬
‫ﺎن‪.‬‬
‫َﻳ ْﻮ َﻣ ِ‬
‫"ر َّب"(‬
‫ف ُ‬‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺤﺎ ِد ْ‬
‫ي َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟِ َﻤ ْﻌ َﻨ َﻴ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪ :‬اﻟ َﺘ ْﻘ ِﻠ ْﻴ ُﻞ َواﻟﺘ ْﮑ ِﺜ ْﰿ ُﺮ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ ِب‪ُ " :‬ر َّب َر ُﺟ ٍﻞ ﻛ َِﺮ ْﻳ ٍﻢ َر ْأﻳ ُﺘ ٗﻪ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ ِل َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮ ُﺻ ْﻮﻓَ ِﺔ َو َﻳ َﺘ َﻌﻠ َّ ُﻖ ﺑِﺎ ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ْي‪.‬‬
‫ُﻞ َ��َ� اﻟ َﻨ ِﳉ َﺮ ِة ْ‬ ‫َو�ِيَ ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِﻦ َﺳﲝ ِﻣ ٍﻊ"‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َوﻗ َْﺪ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� اﻟ َﺘ ْﳉ ِﺜ ْﰿ ِﺮ َﻛﻘ َْﻮ ِل ا ﻟ َن� ِ ِيّ َﺻ�َّ� ا ُ‬
‫ﷲ َ�ﻠ َْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ ّ َﻢ‪ُ " :‬ر َّب ُﻣ َﺒﻠ ّ ٍﻎ ْ‬
‫أو� ٰ� ﻣ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻤ� َﻬ ِﻢ ﱰ َﱮ ﻳَ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ﺗ َ ْﻤ ِي ْﰿ ُﺰ َﻫﺎ إﱰَّﱮ ﻧَ ِﳉ َﺮةً َﻣ ْﻮ ُﺻ ْﻮﻓَ ًﺔ َﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ُ " :‬رﺑ َّ ٗﻪ َر ُﺟﲎ ًﱮ ﻛ َِﺮ ْﻳ ًﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذَا َد َﺧﻠ َْﺖ َ��َ� ا َ‬
‫�ﺿ ِﻤ ْﰿ ِﺮ ْ‬
‫َر ْأﻳ ُﺘ ٗﻪ"‪.‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫او"(‬
‫"اﻟﻮ ِ‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﻘ ََﺴ ُﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﲝن ﻟَ� ِیْ ُﺧ ْﺴ ٍﺮ{‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬واﻟ َْ� ْﺻ ِﺮاِ َّن ا ﱰ ْ ِﱮ� َْﺴ َ‬
‫ْ‬
‫"ر َّب" ﻟِﻠ َﺘ ْﻘ ِﻠ ْﻴ ِﻞ َﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ " َو�َﺎ ﻟ ٍِﻢ َﻳ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ‬
‫ا�ﻇﺎ ِﻫ َﺮ‪َ ،‬وﻗ َْﺪ ﺗَﺄ� ِ ْي ِﺑ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� ُ‬
‫ﱮﺳ َﻢ َ‬ ‫َوﱰ َﱮ ﻳَ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ُ� َﻬﺎ إﱰ َّﱮ اﱰ ِ ْ‬
‫ِﺑ ِﻌﻠْ ِﻤ ٖﻪ"‪.‬‬

‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "اﻟ َﺘﺎ ِء"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ﺚ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َ‬
‫او ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻮ ِ‬ ‫َو�ِيَ ِﻣﺜ َ‬
‫ْﻞ َ‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﻘ ََﺴ ُﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎﻪﻠﻟ ﱰَﱮ َ ﻛ ِْﻴ َﺪ َّن ا َ ْﺻ َﻨ َ‬
‫ﺎﻣﻜ ُْﻢ {‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﺗ َ ّٰ ِ‬
‫ُﻞ َ��َ� �َ ْﰿ ِﺮ َﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺠﲎ َﱮﻟَ ِﺔ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ُﻣ ْﺨ َ� َّﺻ ٌﺔ ِﺑﻠَ� َْﻇ ِﺔ َ‬
‫"ﺣﺎ َﺷﲝ"‪َ " ،‬ﺧﲎ َﱮ"‪َ �َ " ،‬ﺪا"(‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫ف اﻟﺜَﲎﱮﺛ َ ُﺔ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﱰﱳﺣ ُﺮ ُ‬
‫ا ْ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ ْث َﻨﺎ ُء‪:‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ :‬ﺟﺎ َء� ِ ْي اﻟﻘ َْﻮ ُم َﺣﺎ َﺷﲝ َز ْﻳ ٍﺪ‪َ .‬ﺟﺎ َء� ِ ْي اﻟﻘ َْﻮ ُم َﺧﲎ َﱮ َز ْﻳ ٍﺪ‪َ .‬ﺟﺎ َء� ِ ْي اﻟﻘ َْﻮ ُم َ� َﺪا َز ْﻳ ٍﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ‬ ‫ي‪} :‬أﱰ َﱮ ك ُ ُّ‬
‫ﻞ َ� ْي ٍء َﻣﺎ َﺧﲎ َﱮ ا َ‬ ‫ﺚ اﻟ َن َﺒ ِﻮ ِّ‬ ‫َوﻗ َْﺪ ﻳَ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ُ� َﻬﺎ َﻣ ْ� ُﺻ ْﻮﺑًﺎ َ��َ� اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮﻟ َِّﻴ ِﺔ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ � ِ ْي َ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِﺪ ْﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺑَﺎﻃ ُ‬
‫ِﻞ{‪.‬‬

‫ﺎن‪ ،‬ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل اﻟ َْﺤﺎ ِﺟ ُ‬

‫ﺐ‪:‬‬ ‫ﷲ ‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﺠ َﻌﲎ َﱮ ﻳَﻠْ َﺤ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫َﱮن ِإ� َ ٰ� ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ َْﻌ ِﺰ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺰ َر ِﺣ َﻤ ُہ ا ُ‬ ‫اِ ْﺧ َ� َﺻ َﻢ َر ُﺟﲎ ِ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ أ َ َﺷ ُّﺪ ِإ َذا ًء ِﻣ ْ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ!‬
‫ﺖ َو ّٰ ِ‬ ‫ﻗُﻤﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻘَﺪ أُو ِذﻳ ُﺘﻤﺎ أَﻣﰿﺮ اﻟْﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨﰿﻦ! ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل ﻋﻤﺮ ﻟِﻠْﺤﺎﺟ َ‬
‫ﺐ‪ :‬أ ﻧ ْ َ‬
‫َُُ َ ِ ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ِ َ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َْ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺸ َّ� َﻬ ُﺔ ِﺑﺎ ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ(‬

‫ف َ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ�ِيْ )اﻟ ُﺤ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟﻤبْ َﺘ َﺪأ َ َوﺗ َ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟ َﺨ َﰊ َﺮ‪َ .‬ﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ ك ُ َّ‬
‫ﻞ َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﻤ َّﻴ ِﺔ ﻓَ َت ْ� ِﺻ ُ‬ ‫ُﻞ َ��َ� ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ ْ‬ ‫ف ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫�ِيَ ُﺣ ُﺮ ْو ٌ‬
‫� ِ ْي َﺧ ْﻤ َﺴ ِﺔ � ُُﺻ ْﻮ ٍل‪.‬‬
‫"إن" َو َّ‬
‫"أن(‬ ‫)ﺣ ْﺮﻓَﺎ َّ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل َ‬
‫َو ُﻫ َﻤﺎ ﻟِ َﻤ ْﻌ َﻨ َﻴ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟ َﺘﺄْﻛ ِْﻴ ُﺪ‬
‫ف �َﻠ َْ� ِﻬ ْﻢ َو ﱰ َﱮ ُﻫ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺤ َﺰﻧُ ْﻮ َن{‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا َﱰَﱮ ۤاِ َّن ا َ ْو ﻟ َِﻴﺂ َء ّٰ ِ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ ﱰ َﱮ َﺧ ْﻮ ٌ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺸ ِ ّ‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﻧَ�ْيُ اﱰﱴﻧْك َ ِ‬
‫ﲝر َو َ‬
‫ِﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫أي ﱰ َﱮ َﺷ َّ‬
‫ﻚ � ِ ْي ذ ﻟ َ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬اِ َّن َر� ِ ّیْ ﻟَ َﻐﻔ ُْﻮ ٌر َّر ِﺣ ْی ٌﻢ { ْ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ َﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ارةَ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠَﺔِ‪َ ،‬واﻟﺜَﺎ�ِيَ َﻳ َﺘ َﻮ َّ� ُﻂ ُ‬ ‫اﱰﱳو َل َ� ْﻃﻠ ُُﺐ َﺻ َﺪ َ‬
‫أن َّ‬‫اﻟﺤ ْﺮﻓَ ْﰿ ِﻦ َّ‬
‫اﻟﻔ َْﺮ ُق ﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ َ‬
‫ف "ك َّ‬
‫َﲟن"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟ َﺘ ْﺸ ِب ْﻴ ُﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻗَﺎ ﻟ َْﺖ كَﲝَﻧَّ ٗﻪ ُﻫ َﻮ{ ْ‬
‫أي ﻫﺬَ ا � َ ْﺸ َﺒ ُﻪ ذَاكَ ‪.‬‬
‫ف "ﻟﻜ َّ‬
‫ِﻦ"(‬ ‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺚ َ‬‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫َو�يَ ْأ� ًﺿﺎ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ َو ُﻫ َﻮ‪:‬‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ ْﺪ َراكُ ‪:‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﺎﻳ َﺮﺗ َ ْﰿ ِﻦ � ِ ْي اﻟﻤ� ُْﻬ ْﻮ ِم‬
‫ُﻞ ﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ ا ﻟ ُﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ َﺘ ْﰿ ِﻦ اﻟﻤ َﺘ َﻐ ِ‬
‫ﲝﺑ َﻘ ِﺔ ﻓ َﺘ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ َ‬
‫ِﻦ ُ‬ ‫ﺎ� ِئ ﻣ ْ‬ ‫أي َدﻓْ ُﻊ اﻟ َﺘ َﻮ ُّﻫ ِﻢ اﻟ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ْ‬
‫اﻟﻮ ْﻫ َﻢ َواﻟﺜَﺎ ﻧِ َﻴ َﺔ ﺗ َ ْﺪﻓ َُﻌ ُﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻟ َْی َﺲ اﻟْﰊِ َّﺮ ا َ ْن ﺗ ُ َﻮﻟُّ ْﻮا ُو ُﺟ ْﻮ َﻫﻜ ُْﻢ ِﻗ َﺒ َﻞ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺑِ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو�َ� ﺗ َ ْﻨ َﺸﲟ َ‬ ‫ﺄن ْ‬
‫ِﻦ اﻟْﰊِ َّﺮ َﻣ ْﻦ ٰا َﻣ َﻦ ِﺑ ّٰ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻪﻠﻟ{‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟ َْﻤ ْﺸ ِﺮ ِق َو اﻟ َْﻤﻐ ِْﺮ ِب َو ﻟٰﳉ َّ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺖ"(‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ْأ� ًﺿﺎ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟ َﺘ َﻤ� ِ ّ ْي‪:‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟ ِﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ٰ } :‬ﻳﻠ َْﻴ َﺖ ﻟَ َﻨﺎ ِﻣﺜ َ ۤ‬
‫ْﻞ َﻣﺎ ا ُ ْو�ِیَ ﻗ ُ‬
‫َﺎر ْو ُن {‪.‬‬
‫ﺎب‬
‫اﻟﺸ َﺒ َ‬ ‫ﺎت َوإﻧَّ َﻤﺎ ﺗ َ ُﻌ ُّﻢ َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﻤﻜ ُ‬
‫ِﻦ َو َﻣﺎ � َ ْﺴ َﺘ ِﺤ ْﻴ ُﻞ َﺟ ِﻤ ْﻴ ًﻌﺎ َﻛﻘ َْﻮ ِل َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ ِب‪" :‬ﻟ َْﻴ َﺖ َ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻤﻤ ِﻜ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫َوﱰ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﺨ� ُّ‬
‫َﺺ ﺑِ ْ‬
‫َرا ِﺟ ٌﻊ"‪.‬‬
‫ف "ﻟ ََﻌ َّﻞ"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ْأ� ًﺿﺎ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ً� َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪َ ،‬و ُﻫ َﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﰐَ َﺮ ِ� ّ ْي‪:‬‬
‫ِﻚ ا َْﻣ ًﺮا{‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻟ ََﻌ َّ‬
‫ﻞ ّٰ َ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ ﻳُ ْﺤ ِﺪ ُث ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ ٰذ ﻟ َ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺴ َﺘ ِﺤ ْﻴ ِﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ ُد ْو َن ا ْ‬
‫ﺎت ﻓ ََﺤ ْﺴ ُ‬ ‫َو�ِيَ ُﻣ ْﺨ َ� َّﺻ ٌﺔ ِﺑ ْ‬
‫ﺎﻟﻤﻤ ِﻜ َﻨ ِ‬

‫ﺎن ِﺑـ"ﻟَ ْي َﺲ"(‬

‫اﻟﻤﺸ َّ� َﻬ َﺘ ِ‬
‫)"ﻣﺎ" َو"ﱰ َﱮ" َ‬
‫ﺚ َ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ﺎن اﻟ َﺨ َﰊ َﺮ‪ ،‬اﻟﻔ َْﺮ ُق‬ ‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﻤ َّﻴ ِﺔ ﻓَﰐَ ْﺮﻓ ََﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺎن اﻟﻤبْ َﺘ َﺪأ َوﺗ َ ْ� ِﺻ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ ْ‬ ‫َو ُﻫ َﻤﺎ َﺣ ْﺮﻓَﺎ اﻟﻨَ� ْ ِي ﺗ َ ْﺪ ُﺧﲎ َ ِ‬
‫ﱮن َ��َ� ُ‬
‫َﺺ ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻨ ِﳉ َﺮ ِة‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِﻪ َﺗَﻌﺎ�َ�‪َ } :‬ﻣﺎ ٰﻫﺬَ ا‬ ‫ُﻞ �َ�َ� ْ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌ ِﺮﻓَ ِﺔ َواﻟ َﻨ ِﳉ َﺮ ِة‪َ ،‬و"ﱰ َﱮ" ﺗ ُ ْﺨ� ُّ‬ ‫"ﻣﺎ" ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺤ ْﺮﻓَﰿ ِﻦ َّ‬
‫أن َ‬ ‫ﺑ َ ْﰿﻦ َ‬
‫ِﺐ ﻧَﺎ ِﺟ ًﺤﺎ" َو َﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ }ﱰ َﱮ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ َﻇ ِﺮ ْﻳﻔًﺎ{‪.‬‬ ‫� َ َﺸ ًﺮا{‪َ } ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻫ َُّﻦ َّ‬
‫أ� َﻬﺎ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ{ َوﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﻣﺎ َﻃﺎ ﻟ ٌ‬

‫�ض ُﻬﻢ ﻧَﺤﻮ ﻳًّﺎ ﻓَﻘﺎ َل‪ :‬ﻣﺎ اﻟَّﺬي � َﺸﻜﻮ ُه؟ ﻗﺎ َل‪ُ :‬ﺣ�ّٰی َﺟﺎﺳﻴ ٌﺔ‬
‫�ﺎ َد ﺑَ ُ‬
‫ﻧﺎرﻫﺎ ﺣﺎ ِﻣﻴ ٌﺔ‪ِ ،‬ﻣ�ﻬﺎ اﱰﱳَ�ﺿﺎ ُء وا ِﻫﻴ ٌﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟ ِ� ُ‬
‫ﻇﺎم ﺑﺎ ﻟِﻴ ٌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻘﺎ َل‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺖ اﻟﻘﺎﺿﻴ َﺔ‪.‬‬‫ﷲ ِﺑﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﻟَي َ�ﻬﺎ كﲝﻧَ ِ‬‫ﻟَ ٗﻪ‪ :‬ﱰﱮ ﺷَﻔﺎكَ ا ُ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺎﺻ َﺒ ُﺔ ﻟِﲎ ِ ْ‬
‫ﱮﺳ ِﻢ(‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ )اﻟ ُﺤ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫ف اﻟ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫ُﻞ َ��َ� ْ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﻢ ﻓَ َت ْ� ْﺻ ِﺒ ُﻪ‪َ ،‬ﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ َﻫﺎ � ِ ْي ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ِﺔ � ُُﺻ ْﻮ ٍل ِﺑ َﻤ ِﺸ ْي َﺌ ِﺔ ا ِ‬
‫ﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫ف ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫�ِيَ ُﺣ ُﺮ ْو ٌ‬
‫او ِﺑ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� َﻣ َﻊ"(‬
‫"اﻟﻮ ِ‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل َ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﻢ ﻓَ َت ْ� ِﺻ ُﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻓَﺎ َ ْﺟ ِﻤ ُﻌ ْۤﻮا ا َْﻣ َﺮﻛ ُْﻢ َو‬
‫ْ‬ ‫او ِﺑ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� " َﻣ َﻊ" �َ�َ�‬
‫"اﻟﻮ ُ‬
‫ُﻞ َ‬‫ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫ُﺷ َﺮك َﲞ َءﻛ ُْﻢ {‪.‬‬

‫ف "إﱰَّﱮ" ْ‬
‫ﻟﲎﱮﺳ ِﺘ ْث َﻨﺎ ِء(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﲝﺑ َﻘﺔِ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻓ ََﺸ ِﺮﺑ ُ ْﻮا ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ اِ ﱰَّﱮ ﻗَ ِﻠ ْﻴﲎ ًﱮ ِّﻣ ْ� ُﻬ ْﻢ{‬
‫اﻟﺴ ِ‬ ‫َو�ِيَ ﻟﲎ ِﱮ ْﺳ ِﺘ ْث َﻨﺎ ِء ﻣِﻦ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫ف اﻟ ِﻨ َﺪا ِء(‬ ‫ﺚ َ‬‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ﺐ َو ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ َﻣﺎ � ُ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ ﻟِ ِﻨ َﺪا ِء َ‬
‫اﻟﺒ ِﻌﻴ ِﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻌﻤ ُﻞ ﻟِ ِﻨ َﺪا ِء اﻟﻘ َِﺮ ْﻳ ِ‬
‫ف ﻟِﻠ ِّﻨ َﺪا ِء‪ِ ،‬ﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ َﻣﺎ � ُ ْﺴ َﺘ ْ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ُﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫أن َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ُ� َﻬﺎ ُ� َﺿﺎ ﻓًﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫َو َﺷ ْﺮ ُط اﻟ َ� َﺻ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ﻓِ ْ� َﻬﺎ ْ‬
‫أي ﻓَ َﺮ ًﺳﲝ" َو"أ َ ُﻣ َﺴﲝ ِﻓ ًﺮا"‪.‬‬
‫"ا�ﻬ ْﻤ َﺰةُ اﻟﻤ ْﻔ ُﺘ ْﻮ َﺣ ُﺔ"‪َ ،‬ﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ْ " :‬‬
‫"أي" َو َ‬
‫ﺐ‪ْ :‬‬‫ف اﻟ ِﻨ َﺪا ِء ﻟِﻠْﻘ َِﺮ ْﻳ ِ‬
‫ُﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫ُﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫ف اﻟ ِﻨ َﺪا ِء ﻟِﻠ َْﺒ ِﻌ ْﻴ ِﺪ‪" :‬أ َﻳﺎ" َو" َﻫ َﻴﺎ"‪َ ،‬ﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪" :‬أ َﻳﺎ ُﺷ َﺠﺎ�ًﺎ" َو" َﻫ َﻴﺎ َﻃﺎ ﻟ ًِﺒﺎ"‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ٰ } :‬ﻳ ِن َﺴﲞ َء اﻟ َّن� ِ ِی ّ ﻟ َْﺴﰐ َُّﻦ كَﲝ َ َﺣ ٍﺪ ّﻣ َ‬
‫ِﻦ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ‪َ " :‬ﻳﺎ"‪ ،‬ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل ا ُ‬
‫اﻟﺒ ِﻌ ْ‬ ‫ف اﻟ ِﻨ َﺪا ِء ﻟِﻠْﻘ َِﺮ ْﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺐ َو َ‬ ‫َﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫اﻟ ِّن َﺴﲞ ِء {‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ وإﻧَّ َﻤﺎ ُﻳ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ٰ } :‬ﻳ ُﻨ ْﻮحُ ا ْﻫ ِ� ْﻂ �ِ َﺴﻠ ٰ ٍﻢ ِّﻣ َّﻨﺎ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ُﻢ ُ� َﺿﺎ ﻓًﺎ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﻳُ ْ� َﺻ ُ‬ ‫أ ّﻣَﺎ إذَا ﻟ َْﻢ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻦ ْ‬
‫ﻚ{‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ َو َ��ٰۤی ا ُ َﻣ ٍﻢ ِّﻣﻤَّ ْﻦ ّﻣ ََﻌ َ‬
‫َو ﺑ َ َﺮﻛ ٍٰﺖ َ�ﻠ َْﻴ َ‬

‫ﺨﺮ َﺟ ٗﻪ وﻧﺎدا ُه ﻟِ َﻴﻌﻠ ََﻢ أ َ ُﻫ َﻮ‬ ‫)ﺣﻔﺮ ٍة(‪ ،‬ﻓَﺠﺎ َء َﻛ َّﻨ ٌ‬

‫ﺎس ﻟِ َﻴ ُ‬ ‫َنﻴﻒ ُ‬
‫ﺤﻮي �ي ﻛ ٍ‬ ‫َوﻗَ َﻊ ﻧَ ٌّ‬
‫ﺤﻮي‪ :‬اﻃﻠ ُْﺐ �ي َﺣﺒﲎ ًﱮ َدﻗﻴﻘًﺎ‪َ ،‬و ُﺷ َّﺪ�ي َﺷ ًّﺪا َوﺛﻴﻘًﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫�َيٌّ أَم ﱰ َﱮ؟ ﻓَﻘﺎ َل اﻟ َّﻨ ُّ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫واﺟﺬُ ﺑ�ي َﺟﺬﺑًﺎ رﻓﻴﻘًﺎ‪ .‬ﻓَﻘﺎ َل اﻟ َﻜ َّﻨ ُ ﺛ َ‬
‫ﻚ ِﻣﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺟ ُﺘ َ‬ ‫ﺎس‪ :‬كَﻠ َت�ي أ� ِ ّي إن أ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟ َّﺘ ْﻤ ِﺮ ﻳ ُﻦ )‪(١‬‬

‫َ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺎﺳ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﱰﱳ َ َّو ُل‪ :‬أ ْﻛ ِﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﻔ ََﺮاغَ ِﺑ َ‬
‫ﺎﻟﺤ ْﺮ ِف ُ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺎت‪.‬‬ ‫ﻮق ﻟ ِِﺸ َﺮا ِء ﺑ َ ْ� ِﺾ َ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎ ِﺟ َﻴ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ ‪ُّ .............‬‬
‫اﻟﺴ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ َّ‬‫‪ .1‬ذَ َﻫ َ‬
‫‪ِ .2‬ا◌ ْﺟ ِﻠ ْﺲ ‪ .........‬اﻟﻜ ُْﺮ ِ� ِيّ َوا ﻧْ َ�ﻇ ِْﺮ َد ْو َركَ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺎﻟ� َﻃﺎ ﻟ ََﻌ ِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا ْﺷﰐَ َﺮ ْﻳ ُﺖ اﻟ ِﻜ َﺘ َ‬
‫ﺎب ‪ .......‬ا ْﻫ ِﺘ َﻤﺎ�ِي ِﺑ ُ‬
‫�ﻃ ْﻔ ُﻞ ‪ ............‬اﻟ ِﻔ َﺮ ِ‬
‫اش ُﻣ ْﺘ َﻌ ًﺒﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎم ا ّ ِ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻧ َ َ‬
‫‪َ .5‬ﺳﲝﻓَ َﺮ َﺧﺎ ﻟ ٌِﺪ ‪ ...........‬ﺑَﻠ َ ٍﺪ ﺑ َ ِﻌﻴ ٍﺪ ﻟِﻠ َْﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ‪.‬‬
‫وب‪.‬‬‫ﺖ ﻗ َْﺒ َﻞ اﻟﻐ ُُﺮ ِ‬
‫‪َ .6‬ر َﺟ ْﻌ َﻨﺎ ‪ ............‬اﻟبَ ْﻴ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺐ اﱰﱳ َ ُب أ ْﻃﻔَﺎ ﻟَ ٗﻪ ‪َ .............‬‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِﺪﻳ َﻘ ِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .7‬ﱰ َﱮ َﻋ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﻴﺐ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ َﺘ ٗﻪ ‪َ ............‬‬
‫اﻟﺠﺎ ِﻣ َﻌ ِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .8‬أﻟْ�َ� اﻟ َ� ِﻃ ُ‬
‫ﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ‪َ ..............‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﻜ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫‪َ .9‬و َﺿ َﻊ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻌ ِﻠ ّ ُﻢ اﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘَﺎ َل ‪ ............‬اﻟ� َْﺻ ِﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ْ‬
‫‪ .10‬ﻗ ََﺮأ ُت َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫�ﺻ ِﺤﻴ َﺤﺔِ‪َ ،‬و�َﲎ َﱮ َﻣ َﺔ )✘( أ َﻣ َ‬
‫ﺎم اﻟ ُﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ‬ ‫َﱮﻣ َﺔ )✔( أ َﻣ َ‬
‫ﺎم اﻟ ُﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ ا َّ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟﺜَّﺎ�ِي‪َ :‬ﺿ ْﻊ �َﲎ َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻃ َﺌﺔِ‪َ ،‬و َﺻ ّ ِﺤ ِﺢ اﻟ َ� َﻃﺄ َ إِ ْن ُو ِﺟ َﺪ‪:‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺎب َﺣ�َّ� َّ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﰿﺮة )‬
‫ا�ﺻ ْﻔ َﺤ ِﺔ اﱰﱳ ِﺧ َ‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻗَ َﺮأ ُت اﻟ ِﻜ َﺘ َ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫و� ِﻬ ْﻢ )‬
‫ﻮن �ِي ُد ُر ِ‬ ‫ا�ﻃﲎ َّ َ‬
‫ﱮب ﻧَﺎ ِﺟ ُﺤ َ‬ ‫‪ِ .2‬إ َّن ُّ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎت َﺻ ْﻌ َﺒ ًﺔ )‬
‫اﱰﱮﻣ ِﺘ َﺤﺎ ﻧَ ِ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻟ َْﻴ َﺖ ْ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎن )‬ ‫اﺟ َ� ِﻬ ْﺪ � َ ْي ﻳَ ْﻨ َﺠﺢُ �ِي ْ‬
‫اﱰﱮﻣ ِﺘ َﺤ ِ‬ ‫‪ْ . .4‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻟَ ْﻦ � ُ َﺴﲝ ِﻓ ُﺮ أ َ ْﺣ َﻤ ُﺪ � ًَﺪا ) ( ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺒﺎ ) ( ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﺴﲝﻓِ َﺮ َ� ِﺻ ُﻞ ﻗ َِﺮ ً‬
‫ﻞ ُ‬ ‫‪ .6‬ﻟ ََﻌ َّ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﲝﺣ ِﺔ )‬
‫اﻟﺴ َ‬ ‫�ﻃ ْﻔ ُﻞ ﻳَﻠ َْﻌ ُ‬
‫ﺐ �ِي َّ‬ ‫‪َ .7‬ﻣﺎ َزا َل ا ّ ِ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻮن أ َ ْ� َﻬ َﻞ )‬
‫اﻟﺤ َﻴﺎةَ ﺗ َ ُﳉ ُ‬
‫ِﻴﺖ َ‬ ‫‪ .8‬ﻟ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻴﺖ )‬
‫َﻚ َﻣﺎ َﺣ ِي ُ‬ ‫‪ .9‬ﻟَ ْﻦ أ� ْ َ�� َﻣ ْﻌ ُﺮوﻓ َ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ِﺐ َﻳ ْﺠ َ� ِﻬ ُﺪ �ِي ُد ُر ِ‬
‫وﺳ ِﻪ)‬ ‫َﲝن َّ‬
‫ا�ﻃﺎ ﻟ ُ‬ ‫‪.10‬ك َ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎ ِﻣﻠ َ َﺔ َو َﺣ ّ ِﺪ ْد َﻣ َﻌﺎ ﻧِ َ� َﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫وف َ‬‫اﻟﺤ ُﺮ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟﺜَّﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ﺚ‪ :‬اِ ْﺳ َﺘ ْﺨ ِﺮجْ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ُﺠ َﻤ ِﻞ اﻟ َّﺘﺎ ﻟِ َﻴ ِﺔ ُ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﻞ ا َّ‬
‫�ﻃ ْﻘ َﺲ َﻳ َﺘ َﺤ َّﺴ ُﻦ � ًَﺪا‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻟَ َﻌ َّ‬
‫ﺎح‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َﻃ ُﺮ َﻳ ْ� َﻬ ِﻤ ُﺮ ُﻣ ْﻨﺬُ َّ‬
‫ا�ﺻ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫‪َ .2‬ﻣﺎ َزا َل َ‬
‫ﻮد ﻳَ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺎب ﻳَ ُﻌ ُ‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﻟ َْﻴ َﺖ َّ‬
‫اﻟﺸ َﺒ َ‬
‫ﰿﺮا ﻗ َْﺒ َﻞ اﻟ َّﻨ ْﻮ ِم‪.‬‬ ‫ْ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﱰ َﱮ ﺗَﺄك ُ ْﻞ َﻛ ِﺜ ً‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻟَ ْﻦ أَ� ْ َ�� � ََﺻﺎﺋِﺢَ أُ� ِ ّي‪.‬‬

‫‪ِ .6‬إ َّن اﻟ ِﻌﻠ َْﻢ ﻧُ ٌ‬

‫ﻮر‪.‬‬
‫يﻢ ُﻃﲎ َّ ِ‬
‫ﱮﺑ ِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺪ اﻟﺤ ِْﺮ ِص َ��َ� ﺗ َ ْﻌ ِﻠ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﻌ ِﻠ ّ ُﻢ َﺷ ِﺪ َ‬ ‫َﲝن ُ‬
‫‪ .7‬ك َ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎ ِﻓﻠ َ ُﺔ أ َ ْن ﺗ َ َﺘﺄ َ َّﺧ َﺮ‪.‬‬
‫َﲝد َ‬
‫‪ .8‬ك َ‬
‫ﻮد ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ك َﲝﻧَ ْﺖ‪.‬‬‫َﺎم ﺗ َ ُﻌ ُ‬ ‫َﻴﺖ اﱰﱳَﻳّ َ‬
‫‪ .9‬ﻟ َ‬
‫‪ .10‬ﻟَ ْﻦ ﻧُﻔ َِّﺮ َط �ِي أ َ َﻣﺎ ﻧَ ِت َﻨﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﺸ َّ� َﻬ ِﺔ‬
‫وف ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ِﻣ َﻦ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ُﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺎﺳ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ف ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ‪َ :‬ﺿ ْﻊ �ِي ك ُ ِ ّﻞ ُﺟ ْﻤﻠ َ ٍﺔ ِﻣ ّﻤَﺎ َﻳ�ِي َ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ْﺮ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل َّ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ِﺑﺎ ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ‪:‬‬
‫ﻮر َ� ْﻬ َﺘ ِﺪي ﺑِ ِﻪ اﻟ َّﻨ ُ‬
‫ﺎس‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ...........‬اﻟ ِﻌﻠ َْﻢ ﻧُ ٌ‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ا�ﺻ ِﺪﻳ َﻖ َو�ِيٌّ َﻣ َﻊ أ َ ْﺻ ِﺪﻗَﺎﺋِ ِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪َّ ..........‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﺎﺣﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻮر ﺗُﻐ َِّﺮ ُد َﺻ َﺒ ً‬
‫ا�ﻃ ُﻴ َ‬ ‫‪ُّ ..........‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﲝن ُﻳ ْ��ِئ ُ أ َ ْﺣ َﻴﺎ ﻧًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﱰﱴ� َْﺴ َ‬ ‫‪ِ ..........‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﱮب‪.‬‬‫�ﻃﲎ َّ ِ‬‫ﻴﺪ ﻟِ ُّ‬ ‫ﺎب ُﻣ ِﻔ ٌ‬
‫‪ ..........‬اﻟ ِﻜ َﺘ َ‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﻤ ِﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﲝس ا ُ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ْﺪ َل أ َﺳ ُ‬
‫‪َ .......... .6‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎ ﻣ َ‬
‫ِﻞ ُﻣ ْﺠ َ� ِﻬ ٌﺪ �ِي َﻋ َﻤ ِﻠ ِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ .......... .7‬‬
‫َﱮﻣ ِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﺴﲝﻓِ َﺮ ﻗ َْﺪ َو َﺻ َﻞ ِﺑ َّ‬
‫ﺎﻟﺴﲎ َ‬ ‫‪ُ .......... .8‬‬
‫ا�ﺻ َّﺤ َﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎﺿ َﺔ ﺗ َ ِﻔ ُ‬
‫ﻴﺪ ِّ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ َﻳ َ‬
‫‪ِّ .......... .9‬‬
‫ِﺐ ُﻳ َﺮا ِﺟ ُﻊ ُد ُر َ‬
‫وﺳ ٗﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪َّ .......... .10‬‬
‫ا�ﻃﺎ ﻟ َ‬
‫ﺚ َﻳ ُﳉ ُ‬
‫ﻮن َ� َﻬﺎ َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ٌل‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ‪َ :‬ﺿ ِﻊ اﻟك َ ِﻠ َﻤ َﺔ ﺑَﰿْ َﻦ ﻗ َْﻮ َﺳﰿْ ِﻦ �ِي ُﺟ ْﻤﻠ َ ٍﺔ ُﻣ ِﻔ َ‬
‫ﻴﺪ ٍة ِﺑ َﺤ ْﻴ ُ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ُﻣ ْﺨ َﺘ ِﻠ ٌﻒ �ِي ك ُ ِ ّﻞ َﻣ َّﺮ ٍة‪:‬‬
‫)إن َﻋ ْﻤ ًﺮوا ذَا ِﻫ ٌ‬
‫ﺐ(‬ ‫َﲝن( ‪) -‬ﻟَ ْﻦ( َّ‬
‫)إن َز ْﻳ ًﺪا �َﺎ ﻟ ٌِﻢ( َّ‬ ‫) ِإ َّن( ‪) -‬ﻟ َْﻴ َﺖ( ‪) -‬ﻟ ََﻌ َّ‬
‫ﻞ( ‪) -‬ك َ‬
‫‪)ِ .1‬إ َّن( ‪...........‬‬
‫ﺖ( ‪..........‬‬
‫‪) .2‬ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬
‫‪) .3‬ﻟ ََﻌ َّ‬
‫ﻞ( ‪..........‬‬
‫‪) .4‬ك َّ‬
‫َﲟن( ‪..........‬‬
‫‪ِ ) .5‬إ َّن(‪..........‬‬
‫‪) .6‬ﻟ َْﻴ َﺖ( ‪..........‬‬
‫‪) .7‬ﻟ ََﻌ َّ‬
‫ﻞ( ‪..........‬‬
‫‪) .8‬ك َّ‬
‫َﲟن( ‪..........‬‬

‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِﻦ َﺧ َت�ِي َﻳﺎ‬‫َﻞ َ�ﻠ َْﻴ ِﻪ أ ْﻋ َﺮا�ِيٌّ َﻳ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‪ :‬أ� ِْﺻ ْﻔ�ِي ﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻟ َْﺤ َﻨ ًﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﺪﺧ َ‬ ‫ِﻴﺪ ﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ َْﻤﻠِ ِ‬
‫َﲝن اﻟ َْﻮﻟ ُ‬‫ك َ‬
‫ف ا ْﺳ َﻤ ٗﻪ‪ .‬ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‬ ‫ِﻦ اﻟْ� َ ِيّ‪ ،‬ﱰ َﱮ أ َ ْﻋ ِﺮ ُ‬
‫يﻣ َ‬ ‫ﻚ؟ ﻗَﺎ َل‪َ :‬ر ُﺟ ٌﻞ َ� ُﻬ ْﻮ ِد ٌّ‬ ‫ﰿﺮ اﻟ ُْﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨﰿ َﻦ‪ .‬ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‪َ :‬و َﻣ ْﻦ َﺧ َت َﻨ َ‬‫أ ِﻣ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺎب‪.‬‬‫ﻚ؟ ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‪ُ :‬ﻫ َﻮ ذَا ِﺑﺎ ﻟ َْﺒ ِ‬ ‫َﻚ‪َ :‬ﻣ ْﻦ َﺧ َت ُﻨ َ‬ ‫ﰿﺮ اﻟ ُْﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨﰿ َﻦ َﻳﻘُﻮ ُل ﻟ َ‬ ‫ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ ﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ َْﻌ ِﺰ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺰ‪ِ :‬إ َّن أ ِﻣ َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺎر ِع(‬ ‫ﺎﺻ َﺒ ُﺔ ﻟِﻠ ْ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َ‬

‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ )اﻟ ُﺤ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫ف اﻟ َﻨ ِ‬
‫أرﺑ َ َﻌ ُﺔ َﺣ ُﺮ ْو ٍ‬
‫ف‪:‬‬ ‫�ِيَ ْ‬
‫إ َذ ْن‬ ‫� َ ْي‬ ‫ﻟَ ْﻦ‬ ‫أ َ ْن‬
‫ﷲ‪.‬‬
‫إن َﺷﲝ َء ا ُ‬ ‫َﺎﺻ ْﻴ َ� َﻬﺎ � ِ ْي ْ‬
‫أرﺑ َ َﻌ ِﺔ � ُُﺻ ْﻮ ٍل ْ‬ ‫َﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ ﺗَﻔ ِ‬
‫"أن"(‬
‫ف ْ‬ ‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل َ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� َ�‪:‬‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘﻘ َْﺒﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫‪.1‬‬

‫ﺎر�ًﺎ إﱰَّﱮ أﻧَّ ٗﻪ ﱰ َﱮ ﻳَ ْ� ِﺻ ُ‬

‫ﺐ‬ ‫أو ُ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫ﺎﺿ ًﻴﺎ ْ‬
‫َﲝن ﻓِ ْﻌﲎ ًﱮ َﻣ ِ‬
‫ﺎل َﺳ َﻮا ٌء ك َ‬ ‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘﻘ َْﺒ ِ‬ ‫أي ﺗ ُ َ� ّ ِص ُﺺ َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ َ� َﻬﺎ ِﺑ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ{ َو َﻛﻘ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ� } ﻟ َِﺒ ْئ َﺲ‬
‫اب ّٰ ِ‬
‫ِﻦ َ�ﺬَ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ َﻞ اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ يَ‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬اَﻓَﺎ َ ِﻣ ُﻨ ْۤﻮا ا َ ْن ﺗَﺎ ْ ﺗِ َ� ُﻬ ْﻢ � ِ‬
‫َﺎﺷ َﻴ ٌﺔ ّﻣ ْ‬
‫َﻣﺎ ﻗ ََّﺪ َﻣ ْﺖ َ� ُﻬ ْﻢ ا َﻧْﻔ ُُ� ُﻬ ْﻢ ا َ ْن َﺳ ِ� َﻂ ّٰ ُ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ َ�ﻠ َْ� ِﻬ ْﻢ َو �ِی اﻟ َْﻌﺬَ ِ‬
‫اب ُﻫ ْﻢ ٰﺧ ِﻠ ُﺪ ْو َن{‬

‫ف "ﻟَ ْﻦ"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬

‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� َ�‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗَﺄﻛ ِْﻴﺪ اﻟﻨَ� ْ ِي � ِ ْي ا ُ‬
‫ﻟﻤ ْﺴ َﺘﻘ َْﺒ ِﻞ‪:‬‬
‫ﻚ اﻟ َْ� ُﻬ ْﻮ ُد َو ﱰ َﱮ اﻟ َّ� ٰﺻ ٰﺮى َﺣ� ّٰی ﺗ َ َّت ِﺒ َﻊ ِﻣﻠ َّ َ� ُﻬ ْﻢ{ َوﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪:‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و ﻟَ ْﻦ ﺗ َ ْﺮ�ٰ� َﻋ ْﻨ َ‬
‫} ﻟَ ْﻦ ﺗ َ َﻨﺎ ﻟُﻮا اﻟْﰊِ َّﺮ َﺣ� ّٰ� ﺗ ُ ْﻨ ِﻔﻘ ُْﻮا ِﻣ ّﻤَﺎ ﺗ ُ ِﺤ ّﺒ ُْﻮ َن{‬

‫َ� ِﻃ ْﻴ َﻔ ٌﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ِﻮ ﻳَّ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ا�ﻬ ْﻤ َﺰةُ ﺗ َ ْﺨ ِﻔ ْﻴﻔًﺎ ﻟﻠ ُ� ْﻃ ِﻖ � ََﺻ َ‬

‫ﺎر‬ ‫أن"‪ُ ،‬ﺣ ِﺬﻓ َْﺖ َ‬‫َﲝن "ﱰ َﱮ ْ‬ ‫إن أ ْﺻ َﻞ "ﻟَ ْﻦ" ك َ‬
‫ي‪َ ّ :‬‬ ‫ﺎم َﺧ ِﻠ ْﻴ ُﻞ اﻟ َﻨ ْﺤ ِﻮ ُّ‬
‫اﱰﱴﻣ ُ‬
‫ﻗَﺎ َل َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِﻛ َﻨ ْﰿ ِﻦ ﻓ ََﺒ� ِيَ "ﻟَ ْﻦ"‪.‬‬ ‫َﱮن" ﺛ ُ َّﻢ ُﺣ ِﺬﻓ َْﺖ اﱰﱳﻟ ُِﻒ ْ‬
‫ﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ َﺤﺎ ﻟَ ِﺔ اﻟْ ِﺘﻘَﺎ ِء َ‬ ‫"ﱰ ْ‬

‫ﺎر ٖه؟ ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‪ :‬ﺑَﺎ ِﻋﻪ‪ .‬ﻓَ ِﻘﻴ َﻞ ﻟَ ٗﻪ‪ :‬ﻟِ َﻢ ﻗُﻠ َْﺖ "ﺑَﺎ ِﻋ ٖﻪ"؟ ﻗَﺎ َل‪:‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِﻗﻴ َﻞ ﻟِ َﺒ ْ� ِض ِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻓ ََﻌ َﻞ أﺑُﻮكَ ِﺑ ِﺤ َﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ٖه"؟ ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‪ :‬أَﻧَﺎ َﺟ َﺮ ْرﺗ ُ ُﻪ ِﺑﺎ ﻟ َْﺒﺎ ِء‪ ،‬ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‪ :‬ﺑَﺎؤُكَ ﺗ َ ُﺠ ُّﺮ‪َ ،‬وﺑَﺎئِي ﱰ َﱮ ﺗ َ ُﺠ ُّﺮ؟!‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻓَ ِﻠ َﻢ ﻗُﻠ َْﺖ أﻧْ َﺖ " ِﺑ ِﺤ َﻤ ِ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ف "� َ ْي"(‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺚ َ‬‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﺗ ُ ْ�� ِْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ�‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺒ ِب ّﻴَﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪َ .1‬‬
‫ﺎر ِع ﻓَ َﺘ ْﺠ َﻌ ُﻞ َﻣﺎ ﻗ َْﺒ َ� َﻬﺎ َﺳبَ ًﺒﺎ ﻟ َِﻤﺎ ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ َﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ُﻞ �َ�َ� اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬ ‫أي ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ا َ ْﻫ ِﻞ اﻟْﻘ ُٰﺮى ﻓَ ِﻠﻠّٰ ِﻪ َو ﻟِ َّ‬
‫ﲏﺮ ُﺳ ْﻮ ِل َو ﻟِ ِﺬی اﻟْﻘ ُْﺮ�ٰی َو‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬ﻣﺎ ۤ اَﻓَﺂ َء ّٰ ُ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ َ��ٰ� َر ُﺳ ْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﻣ ْ‬
‫أن ﺗ َ ْﻮ ِز ْﻳ َﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺴ ِب ْﻴ ِﻞ �َیْ ﱰ َﱮ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن ُد ْو ﻟَ ًﺔ ۢ ﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ ا ﱰْﱮ َ ْﻏ ِن َﻴﺂ ِء ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﳉ ْﻢ{ َوا ْ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌ� َ� َّ‬ ‫اﻟْ َی ٰﺘ ٰ�ی َو اﻟ َْﻤ ٰﺴ ِﻜ ْﰿ ِﻦ َو ا ﺑْ ِﻦ ا َّ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎل ﺑ َ ْﰿ ِﻦ اﱰﱳ ْﻏ ِن َﻴﺎ ِء‪.‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫او ِل‬
‫ﺐ ﻟ َِﻌ َﺪ ِم ﺗ َ َﺪ ُ‬ ‫ال َ��َ� اﱰﱳ ْﺷ َﺨ ِ‬
‫ﺎص اﻟﻤﺬْ ﻛ ُْﻮ َر ِة َﺳ َﺒ ٌ‬ ‫اﱰﱳﻣ َﻮ ِ‬
‫ْ‬

‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "إذَ ْن"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� ٰ�‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺴ َﺘﻘ َْﺒ ِﻞ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﺰاء � ِ ْي ا ْ‬
‫‪َ .1‬‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﺰا َء ﱰ َﱮ َﻳ َﺘ َﺤ َّﻘ ُﻖ‬
‫أن َ‬ ‫ﺎر ِع ﻓَ َﺘ ْﺠ َﻌ ُﻞ َﻣﺎ ﻗ َْﺒ َ� َﻬﺎ َﺟ َﺰا ًء ﻟ َِﻤﺎ ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ َﻫﺎ‪َ ،‬و ﻟ َِﻤﺎ َّ‬ ‫ُﻞ �َ�َ� ا ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬ ‫أي ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫ْ‬
‫اﻟﺠ َّﻨ َﺔ" � ِ ْي‬
‫ُﻞ َ‬ ‫ِﻚ "إذَ ْن ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ َ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺴ َﺘﻘ َْﺒ ِﻞ‪َ .‬ﻛﻘ َْﻮﻟ َ‬ ‫ُﻞ �ِيَ اﱰﱳ ْﺧ ٰﺮى إﱰَّﱮ َ��َ� اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ ا ْ‬ ‫إﱰَّﱮ � ِ ْي ا ْ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺴ َﺘﻘ َْﺒ ِﻞ ﱰ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫ﺖ"‪.‬‬ ‫اب َﻣ ْﻦ ﻗَﺎ َل‪ْ :‬‬
‫"أﺳﻠ َْﻤ ُ‬ ‫َﺟ َﻮ ِ‬

‫ﺑﻴ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴ ِﺔ َ��� أَن َﻳ َﺘ َّ‬

‫ﺤﺪ َث أَوﱰﱮ ُد ٗه ِﺑﺎﻟﻠُّﻐ ِﺔ اﻟ َﻌ َﺮ َّ‬ ‫ﻬﺘﻤﰿ َﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠُّﻐ ِﺔ اﻟ َﻌ َﺮ َّ‬ ‫أَ َ َ‬
‫ﺻﺮ أ َﺣ ُﺪ ُ‬
‫اﻟ� ِّ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫�ﺿ َﺮ ِت‬‫ﰊﺮ‪ .‬أ َ َ‬ ‫�ﺿ َﺮ ﻟَ ٗﻪ ﻗِﻨيﻨ َﺔ ِﺣ ٍ‬ ‫ﻮم َﻃﻠ ََﺐ ِﻣﻦ إِﺣﺪى ﺑَﻨﺎ ﺗِﻪ أَن ﺗ َ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ�ُﺻ� ٰ�‪َ .‬و َ‬
‫ذات َﻳ ٍ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎف(‪ .‬ﻓَﻘﺎ َل َ�ﻬﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻃبَﺘ ُﻪ‪ :‬ﻫﺎكَ اﻟﻘَﻨيﻨ َﺔ ﻳﺎ أَ�ي )ﺑَﻔَﺘ ِﺢ‬ ‫اﺑ َن ُﺘ ُﻪ اﻟ ِﻘﻨيﻨ َﺔ‪َ ،‬و َ‬
‫ﺖ اﻟ ِﻘﻨيﻨ َﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻨﺖ إﱰَّﱮ أَن َر َﻣ ِ‬
‫كﲝن ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ِب ِ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎف(‪ .‬ﻓَﻤﺎ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﺴﺮ َﺣ ِ‬
‫ﺮف‬ ‫�ﺻﺪ ﻛ َ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺮ�ﻬﺎ ) َﻳ ُ‬‫ا ِ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ف اﻟ َﺠ ْﺰ ِم(‬
‫)ﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس ُ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫َو�ِيَ َﺧ ْﻤ َﺴ ُﺔ ْ‬
‫أﺣ ُﺮ ٍف‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِم‬
‫ف َ‬ ‫ُﺣ ُﺮ ْو ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﺰا ِء‬
‫ﻠﺸ ْﺮ ِط َو َ‬
‫إن ﻟِ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﱰ َﱮ ﻟِﻠ َ� ْ� ِي‬ ‫ﱳﻣ ِﺮ‬
‫َﱮم ﻟِﲎ ْ ْ‬
‫اﻟﲎ ُ‬ ‫ﻟَﻤَّﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ‬
‫ﷲ‪.‬‬
‫إن َﺷﲝ َء ا ُ‬ ‫َﺎﺻ ْﻴ َ� َﻬﺎ � ِ ْي ْ‬
‫أرﺑ َ َﻌ ِﺔ � ُُﺻ ْﻮ ٍل ْ‬ ‫َﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ ﺗَﻔ ِ‬

‫)ﺣ ْﺮﻓَﺎ "ﻟ َْﻢ" َو"ﻟ َّﻤَﺎ"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬

‫اﱰﱳول َ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘﻐ َْﺮ ِ‬
‫اق � ِ ْي‬ ‫ﺎر ِع ﻓَ َﺘ ْﺠ َﻌﲎ َﱮﻧِﻪ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ْي اﻟﻤ ْﻨ� ِِيّ َﻣ َﻊ ِز َﻳ َ‬
‫ﺎد ِة َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� ْ‬ ‫َﱮن َ��َ� اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬ ‫ﺗ َ ْﺪ ُﺧﲎ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي‪.‬‬
‫أي َﻣﺎ َو ﻟ ََﺪ َو َﻣﺎ ُو ﻟ َِﺪ‪َ ،‬وﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا َ ْم َﺣ ِﺴبْ ُت ْﻢ ا َ ْن‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻟ َْﻢ َﻳ ِﻠ ْﺪ َو ﻟ َْﻢ ُﻳ ْﻮﻟ َْﺪۙ { ْ‬
‫اﱰﱯن‪.‬‬
‫أي َﻣﺎ أﺗَﺎ ﻛ ُْﻢ إ�َ� َ‬ ‫ِﻦ ﻗ َْﺒ ِﻠﻜ ُْﻢ{ ْ‬ ‫ﺗ َ ْﺪ ُﺧﻠ ُﻮا اﻟ َْﺠ َّﻨ َﺔ َو ﻟ َّﻤَﺎ ﻳَﺎ ْ ﺗِﻜ ُْﻢ َّﻣﺜ َُﻞ اﻟَّ ِﺬ ْﻳ َﻦ َﺧﻠ َْﻮا ﻣ ْ‬
‫َﱮم ﻟِﲎ ْﱳ ْﻣ ِﺮ"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫ف "اﻟﲎ ِ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� َ�‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺴ َﺘﻘ َْﺒ ِﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪َ .1‬ﻃﻠ َﺐ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ � ِ ْي ا ْ‬
‫ِﻖ ذُ ْو َﺳ َﻌ ٍﺔ ّﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ َﺳ َﻌ ِﺘ ٖﻪ{‪ْ .‬‬
‫أي ُ� ْﻃﻠ َُﺐ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ ﻛَﺬَ ا َوﻛَﺬَ ا‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ� } ﻟِ ُی ْﻨﻔ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻠْ ُﺤ ْﻮ َﻇ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْ� ُﻬ ْﻮ ِل َواﻟﻤ َﺘك َ ِﻠ ّ ِﻢ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ﻓِ ْﻌ ِﻞ‬ ‫ﺐ َ‬ ‫ﺎﻃ ِ‬ ‫اﱰﱳﻣ ِﺮ �َ�َ� ِﺻ ْﻴ َﻐ ِﺔ اﻟ َﻐﺎﺋِ ِ‬
‫ﺐ َواﻟﻤ َﺨ َ‬ ‫َﱮم ْ‬ ‫ﺄن ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ َ‬
‫ُﻞ ﱰ ُ‬ ‫ﺄس ِﺑ ْ‬
‫ﱰ َﱮ ﺑ َ َ‬
‫ﺎر ِع‪.‬‬
‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬
‫َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪26‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫)ﺣ ْﺮف "ﱰ َﱮ" ﻟِﻠ َ� ْ� ِي(‬

‫ﺚ َ‬‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ َِﻤ ْﻌ� َ�‪:‬‬
‫‪َ .1‬ﻃﻠ َﺐ ﺗ َ ْﺮ ِك اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌ� َ�‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﱰ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﺘ ِﺬ ُر ْوا ﻗ َْﺪ َﻛﻔ َْﺮﺗ ُ ْﻢ ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ اِ ْﻳ َﻤﺎ ﻧِﻜ ُْﻢ { ْ‬
‫أي‬ ‫اﱰﱳﻣ ِﺮ � ِ ْي ا ْ‬
‫َﱮم ْ‬‫أي �ِيَ ِﺿ ُّﺪ ﱰ ِ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ُ� ْﻃﻠ َُﺐ ﺗ َ ْﺮكُ اﱰﱮ ْﻋ ِﺘﺬَ ِ‬
‫ار‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻠْ ُﺤ ْﻮ َﻇ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻤ ْﻨ� ِِيّ‪.‬‬
‫ﺎر ِع ا َ‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ْ� ُﻬ ْﻮ ِل َوا ﻟﻤ َﺘك َ ِﻠ ّ ِﻢ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ﻓِ ْﻌ ِﻞ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ َ‬ ‫ﺎﻃ ِ‬ ‫ُﻞ "ﱰ َﱮ" ﻟِﻠ َ� ْ� ِي �َ�َ� ِﺻ َﻴ َﻎ اﻟ َﻐﺎﺋِ ِ‬
‫ﺐ َواﻟﻤ َﺨ َ‬ ‫ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﺰا ِء(‬
‫ﻟﻠﺸ ْﺮ ِط َو َ‬
‫"إن" َ‬
‫ف ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﱰﱳو�َ� ﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ُﺔ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ُط َواﻟﺜَﺎ ﻧِ َﻴ ُﺔ ِﻣ ْ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﺰا ُء‪ .‬ﺛ ُ َّﻢ ُ‬ ‫اﱰﱳو�َ� ِﻣ ْ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ َ‬ ‫ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ �َ�َ� اﻟ ُﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ َﺘ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪ْ ،‬‬
‫ﷲ َﻳ ْ� ُﺻ ْﺮﻛ ُْﻢ{‬‫}إن ﺗ َ ْ� ُﺻ ُﺮ ْوا ا َ‬ ‫ﻓِ ْﻌ ِﻠ َّﻴ ًﺔ َواﻟﺜَﺎ ﻧِ َﻴ ُﺔ ﻗ َْﺪ ﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ﻓِ ْﻌ ِﻠ َّﻴ ًﺔ َوﻗ َْﺪ ﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ْ‬
‫اﺳ ِﻤ َّﻴ ًﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ْ :‬‬
‫ِﺐ ﻟَ ُﳉ ْﻢ{‪.‬‬ ‫َوﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬اِ ْن َّﻳ ْ� ُﺻ ْﺮﻛ ُُﻢ ّٰ ُ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ �َﺎ ﻟ َ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ُط‬
‫َﲝن َ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ِل وإذَا ك َ‬
‫ﺎل َّ‬‫ﺐ َﺟ ْﺰ ُ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ � ِ ْي اﻟﻤﺜَ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ َﺰا ُء ﻓِ ْﻌﲎ ًﱮ ُ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ً�ﺎ َﻳ ِﺠ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ُط َو َ‬
‫َﲝن َ‬
‫ﻓﺈذَا ك َ‬
‫ﺎل اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ َﺟ ْﺰ ُﻣ ٗﻪ ﻛَﺬَ اﻟ َ‬
‫ِﻚ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ � ِ ْي اﻟ ِﻤﺜَ ِ‬ ‫ﺎر�ًﺎ ﻳَ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫َو ْﺣ َﺪ ٗه ﻓِ ْﻌﲎ ًﱮ ُ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫ﺄس ِﺑ َﺠ ْﺰ ِﻣ ٖﻪ َو َرﻓْ ِﻌ ٖﻪ َﻛﻘ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬ﻓﺎِ ْن َﻃﻠَّ� ََﻬﺎ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﺗَﺤ ُّ‬
‫ِﻞ‬ ‫ﺎر ً�ﺎ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﺑ َ َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﺰا ُء َو ْﺣ َﺪ ٗه ُ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫َﲝن َ‬
‫أ ّﻣَﺎ إذَا ك َ‬
‫ﻟَ ٗﻪ{‪.‬‬

‫ﰐﺮي َﺣﺒﲎ ًﱮ ﻓﻘﺎ َل اﱰﱮﺑ ُﻦ‪ِ �ِ :‬‬

‫ﻃﻮل‬ ‫أن �َﺸ َ‬ ‫ﺤﻮي ِﻣﻦ اﺑ ِﻨﻪ ْ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ ﻧَ ٌّ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﻃﻮل ﺛﲎﱮﺛﰿ َﻦ ذرا�ًﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎ َل اﱰﱮﺑ ُﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﺤﻮي‪ِ �ِ :‬‬ ‫ﻛ َْﻢ ﻳﺎ أَ�ِي؟ ﻗﺎ َل اﻟ َّﻨ ُّ‬
‫ﻌﺮض ُ�ﺻﻴب�ي َ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺤﻮي‪ِ :‬ﺑ ِ‬‫ﻌﺮض ﻛ َْﻢ ﻳﺎ أَﺑَ َﺘﺎه؟ ﻗﺎ َل اﻟ َّﻨ ُّ‬
‫ِﺑ ِ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ِط(‬ ‫اﻟﺴﲝ ﺑِ ُﻊ ْ‬

‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء اﻟ َﺠ ْﺰ ِم ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ا ْﺷ ِﺘ َﻤﺎ�ِ َﻬﺎ َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫ُﻞ �َ�َ� اﻟ ُﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ َﺘ ْﰿ ِﻦ‬ ‫ﺎرعَ إﱰَّﱮ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ا ْﺷ ِﺘ َﻤﺎ� َِﻬﺎ َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ِط‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﻴ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬ ‫أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء ﱰ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﺠ ِﺰ ُم اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ َﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬ ‫�ِيَ ْ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ُط َو ْﺣ َﺪ ٗه‬ ‫َﲝن َ‬ ‫ﺎر ً�ﺎ ُﺟ ِﺰ َﻣﺎ ُو ُﺟ ْﻮﺑًﺎ وإذَا ك َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﺰا ُء ُ� َﺿ ِ‬‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ُط َو َ‬ ‫َﲝن َ‬ ‫� َْﺻﻠُﺢُ ْ‬
‫أوﱰﱮ ُﻫ َﻤﺎ َﺳبَ ًﺒﺎ ﻟِﻠﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي‪ .‬ﻓﺈذَا ك َ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ِط َﺟﺎ َز َرﻓ ُْﻌﻪ َو َﺟ ْﺰ ُﻣﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠ َﺰا ُء َو ْﺣ َﺪ ٗه ُ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫ﺎر�ًﺎ ُد ْو َن َ‬ ‫َﲝن َ‬ ‫ﺎر�ًﺎ ُﺟ ِﺰ َم ﻛَﺬاﻟ َ‬
‫ِﻚ‪ .‬أ ّﻣَﺎ إذَا ك َ‬ ‫ُ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫َو�ِيَ � ِ ْﺴ َﻌ ُﺔ ْ‬
‫أﺣ ُﺮ ٍف‪:‬‬
‫ٌّ‬
‫أي‬ ‫َﻣﺎ‬ ‫َﻣ ْﻦ‬
‫أ�َّ�‬ ‫ْأﻳ َﻨ َﻤﺎ‬ ‫َﻣ� ٰ�‬
‫إذْ َﻣﺎ‬ ‫َﺣ ْيﺜُ َﻤﺎ‬ ‫َ� ْﻬ َﻤﺎ‬
‫ﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫َﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ َﻣ َﻌﺎ ﻧِ َ� َﻬﺎ � ِ ْي � ِ ْﺴ َﻌ ِﺔ � ُُﺻ ْﻮ ٍل ْ‬
‫إن َﺷﲝ َء ا ُ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل )" َﻣ ْﻦ"(‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘ ُْﻮ ِل‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬ﻣ ْﻦ ّﻳ َْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ ُﺳ ْٓﻮ ًءا‬
‫ي ُ‬ ‫اد ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ إﱰَّﱮ ذَ ِو ْ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل �َ�َ� ُ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِم‪َ ،‬وﱰ َﱮ ُﻳ َﺮ ُ‬
‫إن ﻳَ ْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ َز ْﻳ ٌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌ� َ� ُﻋ ُﻤ ْﻮ ٌم � َ ْﺸ ُﻤ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺠ ِﻤ ْﻴﻊ ْ‬
‫أي ْ‬ ‫اﻪﻠﻟ َو ﻟ ًِّﻴﺎ َّو ﱰ َﱮ � َِﺻ ْﰿ ًﺮا {‪َ .‬و� ِ ْي ا ْ‬ ‫ّﻳ ُْﺠ َﺰ ِﺑ ٖﻪ َو ﱰ َﱮ َﻳ ِﺠ ْﺪ ﻟَ ٗﻪ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ُد ْو ِن ّٰ ِ‬
‫وإن َﻳ ْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ ﺑ َ ْﳉ ٌﺮ ُﻳ ْﺠ َﺰ ﻛَﺬَ ا ﻟ َ‬
‫ِﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ُﻳ ْﺠ َﺰ ْ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي )" َﻣﺎ"(‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘ ُْﻮ ِل � ِ ْي اﱰﱳ ْﻛﰱ َ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫ي ُ‬ ‫اد ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ إﱰَّﱮ �َ ْﰿ ُﺮ ذَ ِو ْ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل َ��َ� ُ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِم َوﱰ َﱮ ﻳُ َﺮ ُ‬
‫ِﻦ ٰا َﻳ ٍﺔ ا َ ْو ﻧُ ْن ِ� َﻬﺎ ﻧَﺎ ْ ِت ِﺑ َﺨ ْﰿ ٍﺮ ِّﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ ۤ ا َ ْو ِﻣﺜْ�ِ َﻬﺎ{‪.‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْن َﺴ ْﺦ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ﺚ ُّ‬
‫)"أي"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫اﱰﱴﺿﺎ ﻓَﺔِ‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘ ُْﻮ ِل ُد ْو َن �َ ْﰿ ِﺮه َوﱰ َﱮ ﺗَﺄ� ِ ْي ﺑِ ُﺪ ْو ِن َ‬
‫ي ُ‬ ‫َﺺ ﺑِﺬَ ِو ْ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل َ��َ� ُ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ُم َوﺗ ُ ْﺨ� ُّ‬
‫ﺄت �َ ْﰿ ُﺮ ٗه ﻧُ ْﳉ ِﺮ ْﻣ ُﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺄت َز ْﻳ ٌﺪ ﻧُ ْﳉ ِﺮ ْﻣ ◌ُﻪ َو ْ‬
‫إن َﻳ ِ‬ ‫إن َﻳ ِ‬ ‫أي ْ‬‫"أ� ُُﻬ ْﻢ َﻳﺄﺗِ َﻨﺎ ﻧُ ْﳉ ِﺮ ْﻣ ُﻪ" ْ‬
‫ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ّ :‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ )" َﻣ� ٰ�"(‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻴ ْﻮ َم أذْ َﻫ ْ‬
‫ﺐ َ‬ ‫إن ﺗَﺬْ َﻫ ْ‬
‫أي ْ‬
‫ﺐ" ْ‬ ‫ﺎن‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﻣ� ٰ� ﺗَﺬْ َﻫ ْ‬
‫ﺐ أذْ َﻫ ْ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل �َ�َ� ُﻋ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِم َ‬
‫اﻟﺰ َﻣ ِ‬
‫ﺐ � ًَﺪا‪.‬‬
‫وإن ﺗَﺬْ َﻫﺐ � ًَﺪا أذْ َﻫ ْ‬ ‫ﻟﻴ ْﻮ َم ْ‬
‫ا َ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ ْ‬
‫)"أﻳ َﻨ َﻤﺎ"(‬
‫إن‬ ‫ﲝن‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا َ ْﻳ َﻦ َﻣﺎ ﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮﻧُ ْﻮا ُﻳ ْﺪ ِر ْﻛﻜُّ ُﻢ اﻟ َْﻤ ْﻮ ُت { ْ‬
‫أي ْ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل �َ�َ� ُﻋ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِم اﻟﻤك َ ِ‬
‫ِﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫إن ﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮﻧُ ْﻮا �ِي �َ ْﰿ ِﺮه ُﻳ ْﺪ ِر ْﻛﻜ ُْﻢ ﻛَﺬاﻟ َ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮ ُت‪َ ،‬و ْ‬
‫ﺖ ُﻳ ْﺪ ِر ْﻛﻜ ُْﻢ ْ‬ ‫ﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮﻧُ ْﻮا � ِ ْي اﻟبَ ْﻴ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس )"أ�ّ�(‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫إن ﺗَﻘ ُْﻌ ْﺪ َ��َ� اﻟﻤ ْﺠ ِﻠ ِﺲ أﻗ ُْﻌ ْﺪ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل َ��َ� ُﻋ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِم اﻟﻤك َ ِ‬
‫ﲝن‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ :‬أ� ّ� ﺗَﻘ ُْﻌ ْﺪ أﻗ ُْﻌ ْﺪ‪ْ .‬‬
‫أي ْ‬
‫ﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ أﻗ ُْﻌ ْﺪ � ِ ْي اﻟبَ ْﻴ ِ‬ ‫� ِ ْي اﻟﻤ ْﺠ ِﻠ ِﺲ َو ْ‬
‫إن ﺗَﻘ ُْﻌ ْﺪ � ِ ْي اﻟبَ ْﻴ ِ‬

‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِﺑ ُﻊ َ‬
‫)"� ْﻬ َﻤﺎ"(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫َﻚ‬ ‫ﺎن‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ْ �َ } :‬ﻬ َﻤﺎ ﺗَﺎ ْ ﺗِ َﻨﺎ ِﺑ ٖﻪ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ٰا ﻳَ ٍﺔ ﻟِّ َت ْﺴ َﺤ َﺮﻧَﺎ ِ� َﻬﺎۙ‪ ١‬ﻓ ََﻤﺎ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻦ ﻟ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺰ َﻣ ِ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟ ُِﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِم َ‬
‫ِﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎت ﻓَﲏ َ ْﻦ ﻧُ ْﺆﻣ َ‬
‫ِﻦ ﻛَﺬَ اﻟ َ‬ ‫ﺄت ﺑِ َﻐ ْﰿ ِﺮ َﻫﺎ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ اﱰﱯ َﻳ ِ‬ ‫وإن ﺗ َ ِ‬ ‫ﺄت ِ�ﻬ ِﺬه اﱰﱯ َﻳ ِﺔ ﻟَ ْﻦ ﻧُ ْﺆﻣ َ‬
‫ِﻦ‪ْ ،‬‬ ‫إن ﺗ َ ِ‬ ‫ِﺑ ُﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ ْﰿ َﻦ {‪ْ .‬‬
‫أي ْ‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ِﻣ ُﻦ َ‬

‫)"ﺣ ْيﺜُ َﻤﺎ"(‬
‫أرﺑ َﺢْ‬ ‫إن ﺗ َ ْﺮﺑ َﺢْ � ِ ْي ُ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ْﻮ ِق ْ‬ ‫أرﺑ َﺢْ "‪ْ .‬‬
‫أي ْ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل َ��َ� ُﻋ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِم اﻟﻤك َ ِ‬
‫ﲝن‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﺣ ْيﺜُ َﻤﺎ ﺗ َ ْﺮ َﺢْ ْ‬
‫أرﺑ َﺢْ � ِ ْي �َ ْﰿ ِﺮ َﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫وإن ﺗ َ ْﺮﺑ َﺢْ � ِ ْي �َ ْﰿ ِﺮ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ْﻮ ِق ْ‬ ‫ﻓِ ْ� َﻬﺎ ْ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺘﺎ ِﺳ ُﻊ )إذْ َﻣﺎ(‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘ ُْﻮ ِل‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ :‬إ ْذ َﻣﺎ ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ أ ْﻋ َﻤ ْﻞ‪ْ .‬‬
‫أي‬ ‫ي ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِم َو�ِيَ ُﻣ ْﺨ َ� َّﺻ ٌﺔ ِﺑ َﻐ ْﰿ ِﺮ َذ ِو ْ‬‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل �َ�َ� ُ‬
‫وإن ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ اﻟﻔ ََﺮا َﺷ َﺔ أ ْﻋ َﻤ ْﻞ اﻟﻔ ََﺮا َﺷ َﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎﻃ َﺔ ْ‬ ‫ﺎﻃ َﺔ أ ْﻋ َﻤ ْﻞ اﻟ ِﺨ َﻴ َ‬‫إن ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ اﻟ ِﺨ َﻴ َ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬و ِإ َّن أ َ َﺧ ْی َﻨﺎ � ََﺻبَ َﻨﺎ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﰿﺮ! ِإ َّن أﺑ َی َﻨﺎ َﻫﻠ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َوﻗَﺎ َل َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ ﱰ ِﱳ ِﻣ ْﰿ ٍﺮ‪ :‬أ ّ� َُﻬﺎ ا ﱰ ْﱳ ِﻣ ُ‬
‫ﻚ أ َ ْﻛﰱ َ ُﺮ ِﻣ ّﻤَﺎ‬ ‫ﰿﺮ‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ َﺿ ّﻴ َْﻌ َﺖ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ﻧَﻔ ِْﺴ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِﻦ أﺑَﺎ ﻧَﺎ‪ .‬ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل ا ﱰ ْﱳ ِﻣ ُ‬
‫َ��َ� ﻣﰿﺮا ﺛِﻨﺎ ﻣ َ‬
‫ٰ ِ َ َ ْ‬
‫َﻚ!‬ ‫اﻪﻠﻟ أَﺑَﺎكَ َﺣ ْﻴ ُ‬
‫ﺚ ﺗ َ َﺮكَ ا ﺑْ ًﻨﺎ ِﻣﺜْﻠ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓَﲎ َﱮ َر ِﺣ َﻢ ّٰ ُ‬ ‫اث أﺑِ َ‬
‫ﺿﺎعَ ﻣِﻦ ﻣﰿﺮ ِ َ‬
‫ْ ِ َ‬ ‫َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد(‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ ِﻣ ُﻦ ْ‬

‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء َ‬
‫ﺐ َﻣ ْﻌ ُﺪ ْو َد َﻫﺎ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ًء �َ�َ� اﻟ َﺘ ْﻤ ِي ْﰿ ِﺰ‪َ ،‬و َﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ ﺗَﻔ ِ‬ ‫�ِي اﱰﱳ�ْ َﺪ ُ َ‬
‫َﺎﺻ ْﻴ َ� َﻬﺎ � ِ ْي � َْﺻﻠ َ ْﰿ ِﻦ ْ‬
‫إن َﺷﲝ َء‬ ‫اد اﻟّ�ِ ْي ﺗ َ ْ� ِﺻ ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﷲ‪.‬‬
‫ا ُ‬
‫اد(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل )اﱰﱳ�ْ َﺪ ُ‬
‫أﺣ َﺪ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ – ا ﺛ ْ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ(‬
‫) َ‬
‫اﱰﱳﻣ ِﺜﻠ َ ُﺔ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻘَﺎ ِ� َﺪةُ‬ ‫رﻗﻢ‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َر ُﺟﲎ ًﱮ‬ ‫أﺣ َﺪ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َر ُﺟﲎ ًﱮ‬
‫َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰﺋَ ْﰿ ِﻦ ﻣِﻦ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد‬ ‫ﺐ ﺗَﺬْ ِﻛ ْﰿ ُﺮ ُ‬ ‫َﻳ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َﻣ ْﺴ ِﺠ ًﺪا‬ ‫أﺣ َﺪ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ ِﻛ َﺘﺎ ﺑًﺎ‬
‫َ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ُد ُﻣﺬَ ﻛَّ ًﺮا‪.‬‬
‫َﲝن ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ِد إذَا ك َ‬
‫َو ْ‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ ﺑَﺎ ﺑًﺎ‬ ‫أﺣ َﺪ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ ِﻃ ْﻔﲎ ًﱮ‬
‫َ‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َن َﺘﺎ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ َﺧﺎ ِد َﻣ ًﺔ‬ ‫اﻣ َﺮأةً‬
‫إﺣ َﺪى َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ ْ‬
‫ْ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد‬
‫ِﻦ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰﺋَ ْﰿ ِﻦ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ﺚ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺗَﺄﻧِ ْﻴ ُ‬ ‫َﻳ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َن َﺘﺎ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ َﻣ ْﺪ َر َﺳ ًﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸ َﺮةَ ِﺑ ْن ًﺘﺎ‬
‫إﺣ َﺪى َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ُد ُﻣ َﺆﻧَّﺜًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫َﲝن ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ِد إذَا ك َ‬
‫َو ْ‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َن َﺘﺎ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ َﺳ َﻤ َﻜ ًﺔ‬ ‫إﺣ َﺪى َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ ِر َﺳﲝ ﻟَﺔ‬
‫ْ‬
‫)ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ – � ِ ْﺴ َﻌ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ(‬
‫ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َر ُﺟﲎ ًﱮ‬
‫َﺳ ْﺒ َﻌ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ ِﻛ َﺘﺎ ﺑًﺎ‬ ‫اﱰﱳو ِل َوﺗَﺬْ ِﻛ ْﰿ ُﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِء َّ‬ ‫ﺚ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺗَﺄﻧِ ْﻴ ُ‬ ‫ﻳَ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫أرﺑ َ َﻌ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ ﻓَ َﺮ ًﺳﲝ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ﺛ َ َﻤﺎ ﻧِ َﻴ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ ﺑ َ ْي ًﺘﺎ‬ ‫َﲝن‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد إذَا ك َ‬‫ِﻦ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِء اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي ﻣ ْ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫َﺧ ْﻤ َﺴ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َﺧﺎ ِد ًﻣﺎ‬
‫� ِ ْﺴ َﻌ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ ِد ْﻳ َﻨ ً‬
‫ﺎرا‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ُد ُﻣﺬَ ﻛَّ ًﺮا‪.‬‬
‫ْ‬
‫ِﺳ َّﺘ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ َﻣ ْﺴ ِﺠ ًﺪا‬
‫اﻣ َﺮأةً‬
‫َﱮث َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ ْ‬
‫ﺛَﲎ َ‬
‫َﺳ ْﺒ َﻊ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ َﻣ ْﺪ َر َﺳ ًﺔ‬ ‫ﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِء َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ِل َوﺗَﺄﻧِ ْﻴ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺗَﺬْ ِﻛ ْﰿ ُﺮ ُ‬
‫ﻳَ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫أرﺑ َ َﻊ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ َﺧﺎ ِد َﻣ ًﺔ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ﺛ َ َﻤﺎ�ِيَ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ ﺑَﻘ ََﺮةً‬ ‫َﲝن‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد إذَا ك َ‬
‫ِﻦ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِء اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي ﻣ ْ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫َﺧ ْﻤ َﺲ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ َﺷﲝةً‬
‫� ِ ْﺴ َﻊ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ َﺳ َﻤ َﻜ ًﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ُد ُﻣ َﺆﻧَّﺜًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ْ‬
‫ﺖ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ ﻧَﺎﻗَ ًﺔ‬
‫ِﺳ َّ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫أﺣ ٌﺪ َو� ِ ْﺴ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن‪ ،‬ا ﺛ ْ َﻨ ِ‬

‫ﺎن َو� ِ ْﺴ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن(‬ ‫)أﺣ ٌﺪ َو ِﻋ ْﺸ ُﺮ ْو َن‪ ،‬ا ﺛ ْ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺎن ِﻋ ْﺸ ُﺮ ْو َن – َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫اﱰﱳﻣ ِﺜﻠ َ ُﺔ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻘَﺎ�ِ َﺪةُ‬ ‫رﻗﻢ‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺎن َو ِﻋ ْﺸ ُﺮ ْو َن‬
‫أﺣ ٌﺪ َو ِﻋ ْﺸ ُﺮ ْو َن َر ُﺟﲎ ًﱮ‬
‫َ‬
‫َر ُﺟﲎ ًﱮ‬ ‫اﱰﱳو ِل ﻣِﻦ‬‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ٍء َّ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺗَﺬْ ِﻛ ْﰿ ُﺮ ُ‬
‫َﻳ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫أﺣ ٌﺪ َوﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ ُ ْﻮ َن ِﻛ َﺘﺎ ﺑًﺎ‬
‫َ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺎن َو َﺳ ْﺒ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن ﺑَﺎ ﺑًﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ُد ُﻣﺬَ ﻛَّ ًﺮا‪.‬‬
‫َﲝن ْ‬‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد إذَا ك َ‬
‫َ‬
‫أﺣ ٌﺪ َو َﺧ ْﻤ ُﺴ ْﻮ َن ِﻃ ْﻔﲎ ًﱮ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺎن َوﺛ َ َﻤﺎ ﻧُ ْﻮ َن ِﻛ َﺘﺎ ﺑًﺎ‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺎن َو ِﺳ ُّﺘ ْﻮ َن ﻧَﺎﻗَ ًﺔ‬ ‫ا ﺛ ْ َن َﺘ ِ‬ ‫اﻣ َﺮأةً‬
‫إﺣ َﺪى َﻋ َﺸ َﺮةَ ْ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ا ﺛ ْ َن َﺘﺎن َو َﺳ ْﺒ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن‬ ‫إﺣ َﺪى َوﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ ُ ْﻮ َن ِﺑ ْن ًﺘﺎ‬
‫ْ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ِل ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِء َّ‬‫ﺚ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺗَﺄﻧِ ْﻴ ُ‬
‫َﻳ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫ِﻃ ْﻔﻠ َ ًﺔ‬ ‫أرﺑ ُ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن ِر َﺳﲝ ﻟَ ًﺔ‬
‫إﺣ َﺪى َو ْ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ُد ُﻣ َﺆﻧَّﺜًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫َﲝن ْ‬‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد إذَا ك َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺎن َوﺛ َ َﻤﺎ ﻧُ ْﻮ َن‬‫ا ﺛ ْ َن َﺘ ِ‬ ‫َﺎرةً‬
‫إﺣ َﺪى َو َﺧ ْﻤ ُﺴ ْﻮ َن ِﺳ ّﻴ َ‬
‫ْ‬
‫َﺷ ِب ْﻴ َﳉ ًﺔ‬
‫ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ٌﺔ َو ِﻋ ْﺸ ُﺮ ْو َن – � ِ ْﺴ َﻌ ٌﺔ َو� ِ ْﺴ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن‬
‫ِﺳ َّﺘ ٌﺔ َو ِﺳ ُّﺘ ْﻮ َن َﺳ ْﻴﻔًﺎ‬ ‫ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ٌﺔ َو ِﻋ ْﺸ ُﺮ ْو َن َر ُﺟﲎ ًﱮ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ِل ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِء َّ‬‫ﺚ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺗَﺄﻧِ ْﻴ ُ‬
‫َﻳ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫َﺳ ْﺒ َﻌ ٌﺔ َو َﺳ ْﺒ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن ِﻃ ْﻔﲎ ًﱮ‬ ‫أرﺑ َ َﻌ ٌﺔ َوﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ ُ ْﻮ َن ﻓَ َﺮ ًﺳﲝ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ُد ُﻣﺬَ َﻛّ ًﺮا‪.‬‬
‫َﲝن ْ‬‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد إذَا ك َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺛ َ َﻤﺎ ﻧِ َﻴ ٌﺔ َوﺛ َ َﻤﺎ ﻧُ ْﻮ َن ك ً‬
‫َﲟﺳﲝ‬ ‫َﺧ ْﻤ َﺴ ٌﺔ َو َﺧ ْﻤ ُﺴ ْﻮ َن َ� ْﻬ ًﻤﺎ‬
‫ِﺳ ٌّ‬
‫ﺖ َو َﺧ ْﻤ ُﺴ ْﻮ َن َﺳ َﻤ َﻜ ًﺔ‬ ‫اﻣ َﺮأةً‬ ‫ﺛَﲎ ٌ‬
‫َﱮث َو ِْﻋ ْﺸ ُﺮ ْو َن ْ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ِل ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِء َّ‬‫ﺐ ﺗَﺬْ ِﻛ ْﰿ ُﺮ ُ‬‫َﻳ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫َﺳ ْﺒ ٌﻊ َو َﺳ ْﺒ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن َﺷ ْﺮﺑ َ ًﺔ‬ ‫أرﺑ َ ٌﻊ َوﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ ُ ْﻮ َن َﺧﺎ ِد َﻣ ًﺔ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺪ ْو ُد ُﻣ َﺆﻧَّﺜًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫َﲝن ْ‬‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد إذَا ك َ‬
‫َ‬
‫� ِ ْﺴ ٌﻊ َو� ِ ْﺴ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن ﻧَ ْﻌ َﺠ ًﺔ‬ ‫ﺎر َﻳ ًﺔ‬ ‫َﺧ ْﻤ ٌﺲ َو ْ‬
‫أرﺑ َ ُﻌ ْﻮ َن َﺟ ِ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪31‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي )"ﻛ َْﻢ"(‬

‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ ُ َﺒ ّﰿِ ُﻦ َ� َﺪ ًدا ُﻣ ْ� َﻬ ًﻤﺎ‪َ .‬و�ِيَ ﻟِ َﻤ ْﻌ َﻨ َﻴ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫اﺳ ِﺘ� َْﻬﺎ ِﻣ َّﻴ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ْ .1‬‬
‫ِﻦ ِﺳ ِﻨ ْﰿ َﻦ‬
‫أي ﻛ َْﻢ َ� َﺪ ًدا ﻣ ْ‬
‫ﺎم‪ :‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻛ َْﻢ ﻟ َِﺒ ْث ُت ْﻢ �ِی ا ﱰْﱮ َْر ِض َ� َﺪ َد ِﺳ ِﻨ ْﰿ َﻦ { ْ‬
‫ﻟﲎﱮﺳ ِﺘ� َْﻬ ِ‬
‫أي ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻟ َِﺒ ْث ُت ْﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪َ .2‬ﺧ َﰊ ِﺮ َّﻳ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎر‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ "ﻛ َْﻢ َو ﻟ ًَﺪا ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪى"‪.‬‬
‫أي ﻟﲎﱴ ْﺧ َﺒ ِ‬
‫ْ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻠْ ُﺤ ْﻮ َﻇ ُﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ِﻦ"‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻛ َْﻢ ّﻣ ْ‬

‫ِﻦ‬ ‫آن إﱰَّﱮ َﻣ َﻊ َﺣ ْﺮ ِف َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ِّﺮ "ﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ � ُْﺴ َﺘ ْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ "ﻛ َْﻢ" اﻟ َﺨ َﰊ ِﺮ َّﻳ ُﺔ � ِ ْي اﻟﻘ ُْﺮ ِ‬
‫ﻓِ َﺌ ٍﺔ ﻗَ ِﻠ ْﻴﻠ َ ٍﺔ �َﻠ ََﺒ ْﺖ ﻓِ َﺌ ًﺔ َﻛ ِﺜ ْﰿ َﺮةً ۢ ِﺑﺎِذْ ِن ّٰ ِ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ {‬
‫ﺚ )ك َﲟ ِّﻳ ْﻦ(‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ� َْﻬ ُ‬
‫ﺎم‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ‬ ‫اد ِﺑﻪ ْ‬ ‫ﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻳ َﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﻟﻤ ْﻌ� ٰ� ﻟ ِﻜ َّﻨ ٗﻪ ﻗَ َّ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل َ��َ� َ� َﺪ ٍد ُﻣ ْ� َﻬ ٍﻢ‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ ِﻣﺜ ُ‬
‫ْﻞ "ﻛ َْﻢ" � ِ ْي ا َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ٰﻤ ٰﻮ ِت َو ا ﱰْﱮ َْر ِض َﻳ ُﻤ ُّﺮ ْو َن �َﻠ َْ� َﻬﺎ َو ُﻫ ْﻢ َﻋ ْ� َﻬﺎ ُﻣ ْﻌ ِﺮ ُﺿ ْﻮ َن {‬ ‫ﻗ َْﻮﻟ ِﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و كَﲝ َ ِّﻳ ْﻦ ّﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ٰا ﻳَ ٍﺔ �ِی َّ‬
‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ )ﻛَﺬَ ا(‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫ﺎم‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪:‬‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ� َْﻬ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ُد ْو َن ْ‬
‫ﺎر ﻓ ََﺤ ْﺴ ُ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل �َ�َ� �َ َﺪ ٍد ُﻣ ْ� َﻬ ٍﻢ‪ ،‬وﺗ َ ْ‬
‫ﺄ�ي � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� اﱰﱴ ْﺧ َﺒ ِ‬
‫" ِﻋ ْﻨ ِﺪى ﻛَﺬَ ا َوﻛَﺬَ ا ﻓَﺎ � َِﻬ ًﺔ"‪.‬‬

‫أن ﻳﺨ َ� ِﺻ َﺮ ك َﲎﱮ َﻣ ٗﻪ ﱰﱳﻧَّ ٗﻪ ِﻣ َﻦ َ‬

‫اﻟﺒﲎﱮ َﻏ ِﺔ‬ ‫آﺧﺮ ا ﺑ ٌﻦ أﺣﻤ ُﻖ ﻓﺄوﺻﺎهُ ْ‬
‫ﺤﻮي َ‬
‫كﲝن ﻟ َﻨ ٍّ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺟﺌﺖ؟ ﻓﻘﺎ َل اﱰﱮﺑ ُﻦ‪ِ :‬ﻣ ْﻦ ٍ‬
‫ﺳﻮق‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎ َل اﻟ َّﻨ ُّ‬
‫ﺤﻮي‪ِ :‬ز ْد‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺗﺎهُ ﻳﻮ ًﻣﺎ وﺳﲟﻟَ ٗﻪ‪ِ :‬ﻣﻦ أﻳ َﻦ َ‬
‫ﺤﻮي‪ :‬ﻗ ّ َِﺪم اﱰﱳَﻟِ َﻒ‬
‫ﺟﺌﺖ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﺳﻮﻗﺎل‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎ َل اﻟ َّﻨ ُّ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫أَﻟِﻔًﺎ وﱰﱮ ًﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎ َل اﱰﱮﺑ ُﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﺌﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺳﻮق‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎ َل ﻟ ٗﻪ‪ :‬أﻃ ْﻞ إ�� ﻣﺎ ِﺷ َ‬
‫ﱰﱮم ٍ‬
‫ﻒ ٍ‬ ‫ﺟﺌﺖ ِﻣ ْﻦ أَﻟِ ٍ‬
‫واﻟﲎﱮم‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎ َل اﱰﱮﺑ ُﻦ‪ُ :‬‬‫َ‬
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‫ﺎل(‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟ َﺘﺎ ِﺳ ُﻊ ْ‬

‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌ ُﺮ ْو ِ‬
‫ف َو ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ َﻣﺎ ُو ِﺿ َﻌ ْﺖ‬ ‫ﺎﺿ ِﺮ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺤ ِ‬‫ﱳﻣ ِﺮ َ‬ ‫أﺳ َﻤﺎ ٌء ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ َﻋ َﻤ َﻞ اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺎل‪ ،‬ﻓَ ِﻤ ْ� َﻬﺎ َﻣﺎ ُو ِﺿ َﻌ ْﺖ ﻟِﲎ ْ ْ‬ ‫�ِيَ ْ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺴ َتﰐِ ُﺮ‬
‫ﺐا ْ‬ ‫�ﺿ ِﻤ ْﰿ ُﺮ اﻟﻤ َﺨ َ‬
‫ﺎﻃ ُ‬ ‫ﺎﺿ ِﺮ ﱰ َﱮ ﺑ ُ َّﺪ َ� َﻬﺎ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ﻓَﺎ� ٍِﻞ َو ُﻫ َﻮ ا َ‬ ‫ﱳﻣ ِﺮ َ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن ك َﲝﻧَ ْﺖ َﻣ ْﻮ ُﺿ ْﻮ َﻋ ًﺔ ﻟِﲎ ْ ْ‬ ‫ﻟِﻠْ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ْي ْ‬
‫وإن ك َﲝﻧَ ْﺖ َﻣ ْﻮ ُﺿ ْﻮ َﻋ ًﺔ ﻟِﻠْ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ْي َرﻓ ََﻌ ْﺖ َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ َ� َﻬﺎ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ًء َ��َ� َّ‬
‫أن َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ َ� َﻬﺎ ُﻫ َﻮ‬ ‫ﺐ َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ َ� َﻬﺎ ْ‬ ‫ﻓِ ْﻴ ِﻪ ﻟِ َي ْ� ِﺻ َ‬
‫ﱳﻣ ِﺮ وﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ٌﺔ ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ ﻟِﻠْ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ْي‪َ .‬ﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ ﺗَﻔَﺎ ِﺻ ْﻴ َ� َﻬﺎ � ِ ْي‬ ‫ِﻞ‪َ .‬ﻣ ْﺠ ُﻤ ْﻮ ُ� َﻬﺎ � ِ ْﺴ َﻌ ٌﺔ‪ِ ،‬ﺳ َّﺘ ٌﺔ ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ ﻟِﲎ ْ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻔَﺎ� ُ‬
‫ﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻﻠ َ ْﰿ ِﻦ ْ‬
‫إن َﺷﲝ َء ا ُ‬
‫ﺎﺿ ِﺮ(‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ْﻮ ُﺿ ْﻮ َﻋ ُﺔ ﻟِﲎ ْ ْ‬
‫ﱳﻣ ِﺮ اﻟ َﺤ ِ‬ ‫ﺎل َ‬‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل ْ‬
‫�ِيَ ِﺳ َّﺘ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫"ر َو ْﻳ َﺪ"‪:‬‬
‫‪ُ .1‬‬
‫أي أ ْ� ِﻬ ْﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ُﺪ َّو‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌ ُﺪ َّو" ْ‬
‫�ﻬ ْﻢ‪ُ " :‬ر َو ْﻳ َﺪ َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠَﺔِ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ ِ‬ ‫�ِيَ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� "أ ْ� ِﻬ ْﻞ" َوﺗ َ ْﻘ َ��ِ ْي َﺻ َﺪ َ‬
‫ارةَ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺸﲝﻋ ِِﺮ‪:‬‬
‫َو َﻛﻘ َْﻮ ِل َ‬
‫ُر َو ْﻳ َﺪكَ َﻳﺎ َﻣ ْﻦ ﻗ َْﺪ ﻧَ َﻌ ْﻴ َﺖ ﻟَ َﻨﺎ َ‬
‫اﻟﺒ ْﺪ َرا‬
‫أي أ ْ� ِﻬ ْﻞ ﻧَﻔ َْﺴ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ْ‬
‫‪" .2‬ﺑَﻠْ َﻪ"‪:‬‬
‫أي َد ِع اﻟ َﻐ�ِيَّ‪.‬‬
‫"دعْ"‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ "ﺑَﻠْ َﻪ اﻟ َﻐ�ِيَّ" ْ‬
‫�ِيَ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫ﻚ"‪:‬‬ ‫"د ْوﻧَ َ‬
‫‪ُ .3‬‬
‫ﺬ◌ اﻟﻤﺎ َل‪.‬‬
‫أي ُﺧ ِ‬ ‫�ِيَ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� " ُﺧﺬْ "‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ُ :‬د ْوﻧَ َ‬
‫ﻚ اﻟﻤﺎ َل ْ‬
‫ﻚ"‪:‬‬
‫‪�َ " .4‬ﻠ َْﻴ َ‬
‫أي أﻟ ِْﺰ ِم ُ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠ ََﻤﺎ َء‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻌﻠ ََﻤﺎ ِء ْ‬ ‫�ِيَ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� "أﻟ ِْﺰ ْم‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ� :‬ﻠ َْﻴ َ‬
‫ﻚ ِﺑ ُ‬
‫‪َ " .5‬ﺣ َّ� َﻬ ْﻞ"‪:‬‬
‫ا�ﺻﲎ َﱮةَ‪.‬‬
‫ْﺖ َ‬ ‫ْﺖ"‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﺣ َّ� َﻬ ِﻞ َ‬
‫ا�ﺻﲎ َﱮةَ" ْ‬
‫أي إﺋ ِ‬ ‫�ِيَ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� "إﺋ ِ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪33‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫‪َ " .6‬ﻫﺎ"‪:‬‬
‫أي ُﺧﺬْ اﻟ ِﻜ ْي َﺲ‪.‬‬
‫�ِيَ ْأ� ًﺿﺎ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� " ُﺧﺬْ "‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﻫﺎ اﻟ ِﻜ ْي َﺲ" ْ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻠْ ُﺤ ْﻮ َﻇ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫َﱮث ُﻃ ُﺮ ٍق ك ُ ُّ� َﻬﺎ َﺻ ِﺤ ْﻴ َﺤ ٌﺔ‪- :‬‬
‫ﻟَﻘ َْﺪ ُر ِو َﻳ ْﺖ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ُﺔ " َﻫﺎ" ِﺑﺜَﲎ ِ‬
‫ا�ﻬ ْﻤ َﺰ ِة‪.‬‬
‫‪َ " .1‬ﻫﺎ" �ِ ُﺴﻜ ُْﻮ ِن َ‬
‫ا�ﻬ ْﻤ َﺰ ِة َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜ ُْﺴ ْﻮ َر ِة‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ " .2‬ﻫﺎ ِء" ِﺑ ِﺰ َﻳ َ‬
‫ﺎد ِة َ‬
‫ا�ﻬ ْﻤ َﺰ ِة اﻟﻤ ْﻔ ُﺘ ْﻮ َﺣﺔِ‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ " .3‬ﻫﺎ َء" ِﺑ ِﺰ َﻳ َ‬
‫ﺎد ِة َ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻮ ُﺿ ْﻮ َﻋ ُﺔ ﻟِﻠْ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ْي(‬ ‫ﺎل ْ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي ْ‬
‫)أﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫�ِيَ ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪َ " .1‬ﻫ ْ� َﻬ َ‬
‫ﺎت"‪:‬‬
‫أي ﺑ َ ُﻌ َﺪ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﳉ ْﻢ َﻣﺎ‬ ‫�ي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� "ﺑ َ ُﻌ َﺪ"‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬ﻫ ْ� َﻬ َ‬
‫ﺎت َﻫ ْ� َﻬ َ‬
‫ﺎت ﻟ َِﻤﺎ ﺗ ُ ْﻮ َ� ُﺪ ْو َن{ ْ‬ ‫َو�ِيَ ْ‬
‫ﺗ ُ ْﻮ�َ ُﺪ ْو َن ِﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫"ﺳ ْﺮ َ� َ‬
‫ﺎن"‪:‬‬ ‫‪َ .2‬‬
‫َﺎرةُ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺴ ّﻴ َ‬ ‫َﺎرةُ" ْ‬
‫أي َﺳ َﺮ َﻋ ْﺖ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ّﻴ َ‬
‫ﺎن َ‬‫�ﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﺳ ْﺮ�َ َ‬ ‫َو�ِيَ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫"ﺳ َﺮعَ"‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ ِ‬
‫‪َ " .3‬ﺷ َّﺘ َ‬
‫ﺎن"‪:‬‬
‫أي اﻓْﰐَ َﺮ َق أ ْﻫ ُﻞ اﻟبَ ْﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫َو�ِيَ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� "اﻓْﰐَ َﺮ َق"‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﺷ َّﺘ َ‬
‫ﺎن أ ْﻫ ُﻞ اﻟبَ ْﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺖ" ْ‬

‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﺗَﺄ ْ ُﻣ ُﺮ �ِ َﺸ ْي ًﺌﺎ؟‬ ‫ﻗَﺎ َل َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ ﻟِ َﺴ ِﻌﻴ ِﺪ ﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ َْﻤ ِﻠ ِ‬

‫ﻚ اﻟْكَﲝ ﺗِ ِ‬
‫ﻒ " َ� ْي ٍء"‪.‬‬ ‫َﺎط أَﻟِ ِ‬
‫ﷲ َوإِ ْﺳﻘ ِ‬ ‫ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‪ :‬ﻧَ َﻌ ْﻢ‪ِ ،‬ﺑ َﺘﻘ َْﻮى ا ِ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟ َﺘ ْﻤ ِﺮ ْﻳ ُﻦ )‪(2‬‬

‫إﺟﺎ ﺑَ ًﺔ � َِﺻﰿْ َﺮةً ﻟِك ُ ِ ّﻞ ُﺳ َﺆ ٍ‬

‫ال ِﻣ ّﻤَﺎ َﻳ� ِ ْي‪:‬‬ ‫اﱰﱳو ُل‪َ :‬ﺿ ْﻊ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺆا ُل َّ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ﺎر ِع؟‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِم َ��َ� ا ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ ُ‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫‪َ .1‬ﻣﺎ ُﻫ َﻮ أﺛ َ ُﺮ ْ‬
‫أﺣ ُﺮ ِف َ‬
‫ﺎل ﻟِك ُ ٍ ّ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِم َﻣ َﻊ ِﻣﺜَ ٍ‬ ‫‪ .2‬اُذْ ﻛُﺮ ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ًﺔ ﻣ َ‬
‫ﻞ ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ‪..‬‬ ‫ِﻦ أ ْﺣ ُﺮ ِف َ‬‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻛَﻴ َﻒ ﻳ ِت ُﻢ اﺳﺘ ْﺨﺪ َ‬
‫ﻟﺠ َﻤ ِﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ ِﺑ َّﻴﺔِ؟‬ ‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد �ِي ا ُ‬
‫ام أ ْﺳ َﻤﺎ ِء َ‬‫ْ َ ّ ْ ِ َ ُ‬
‫ﺐ؟‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﺮﻛَّ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ َْﺮ ِد َو ُ‬ ‫‪َ .4‬ﻣﺎ اﻟﻔ َْﺮ ُق ﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد ُ‬
‫اﺳ ِﻢ ِﻓ ْﻌ ِﻞ أ َ ْﻣ ٍﺮ َوﺑ َ ّﰿِ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨﺎ ُه‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫‪ .5‬أ ْ� ِﻂ ِﻣﺜَﺎ ﱰ ًﱮ َ��َ� ْ‬

‫�ﺻ ِﺤﻴ َﺤ َﺔ ِﻣ ّﻤَﺎ ﺑَﰿْ َﻦ اﻟﻘ َْﻮ َﺳﰿْ ِﻦ‪:‬‬

‫اﱰﱴ َﺟﺎ ﺑَ َﺔ ا َّ‬ ‫َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟﺜّﺎ�ِي‪ :‬اِ ْﺧﰐَ ِﺮ ِ‬
‫ُّ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺪ َر َﺳ ِﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ِﺐ ِإ�َ� َ‬ ‫ﺐ( ّ َ‬
‫ا�ﻃﺎ ﻟ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ – ﻳَﺬْ َﻫ َ‬
‫ﺐ – ﻳَﺬْ َﻫ ْ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻟَ ْﻢ )ﻳَﺬْ َﻫ ُ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﱰ َﱮ )ﺗ ُ ْﺆ ِذي – ﺗ ُ ْﺆ ِذ – ُﻳ ْﺆ ِذي( اﱰﱯ َﺧ ِﺮ ﻳ َﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻟَﻤَّﺎ ) َ� ِﺻ ْﻞ – َ� ِﺻ ُﻞ – َ� ِﺻ َﻞ( اﻟ َﰊ ِﺮ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺪ ﺑ َ ْﻌ ُﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺎ�ﺻ ْﺪ ِق ﻓ َِﺈﻧَّ ٗﻪ ُﻣ ْﻨ َﺠﺎةٌ‪.‬‬
‫ﺎت( ِﺑ ِّ‬ ‫ﻚ – َﺣ َّ� َﻬ ْﻞ – َﻫ ْ� َﻬ َ‬
‫‪�َ ) .4‬ﻠ َْﻴ َ‬

‫�ﺻ ِﺤﻴ َﺤ ِﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺎﱰﱴ َﺟﺎ ﺑَ ِﺔ ا َّ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫َﺎت‬
‫ِ‬ ‫�‬‫ا‬ ‫َﺮ‬‫ﻔ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻞ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻤ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺚ‪ :‬أ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟﺜَّﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ُّ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬
‫وم َﻳ ْن َ��ِي ِﺑـ ‪..........‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺠ ُﺰ ُ‬
‫ﺎرعُ َ‬ ‫‪ .1‬اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ ُ‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ُد ﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ ) ‪-‬‬
‫‪١١‬و‪َ ُ � (١٩‬ﺴ�ّٰ� ‪..........‬‬ ‫‪َ .2‬‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ " َﺣ َّ� َﻬ ْﻞ" ﻳَ ْﻌ�ِي ‪..........‬‬ ‫‪ْ . .3‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﺨ َﺪ َﻣ ِﺔ ﻟِﻠ َّﺘ ْﻨ ِبﻴ ِﻪ ‪..........‬‬
‫ﺎل ُ‬‫ِﻦ أ َ ْﺳ َﻤﺎ ِء اﱰﱳَﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣ ْ‬
‫ﺎرعَ ‪..........‬‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِم "ﻟ َْﻢ" َﻳ ْﺠ َﻌ ُﻞ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ َﻞ ُ‬ ‫ف َ‬ ‫‪َ .5‬ﺣ ْﺮ ُ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺐ ﺑَ ْﻌ َﺪ ك ُ ِ ّﻞ‬
‫ﺎﺳ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻨ ِ‬
‫وم ُ‬‫اﻟﻤ ْﺠ ُﺰ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ِع َ‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ‪ :‬أ َ ْﻛ ِﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﻔ ََﺮا� ِ‬
‫َﺎت ِﺑ َﻮ ْﺿ ِﻊ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل َّ‬
‫ُّ‬
‫�ﺻ ِﺤﻴ ِﺢ‪:‬‬ ‫اﺿ�ﻃ ُﻪ ﺑﺎ َّ‬
‫ﻟﺸكْ ِﻞ ا َّ‬ ‫َﺣ ْﺮ ِف َﺟ ْﺰ ٍم َو ْ ِ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺪ َر َﺳ ِﺔ ُﻣ َﺒ ِّﳉ ًﺮا‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻟَ ْﻢ ‪ِ ..........‬إ�َ� َ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﱰ َﱮ ‪ ..........‬اﻟ َﻜ ِﺬ َب ﻓ َِﺈﻧَّ ٗﻪ ُ� ْﻬ ِﻠ ُ‬
‫ﻚ َﺻﺎ ِﺣ َﺒ ٗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺪ ْر َس َﺣ�َّ� َ‬
‫اﱰﱯن‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﻟ َّﻤَﺎ ‪َّ ..........‬‬
‫‪ِ .4‬ل ‪ ..........‬اﻟ َﺨ ْﰿ َﺮ ﺗ َ َﻨ ْﻞ اﱰﱳ َ ْﺟ َﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻟ َْﻢ ‪َ ..........‬ﻋ ِﻦ ا َ‬
‫ﻟﺤ ِّﻖ َﻳ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ‪.‬‬

‫اد اﻟ َّﺘﺎ ﻟِ َﻴ َﺔ إِ�ٰ� أ َ ْ� َﺪا ٍد ُﻣ َﺮﻛَّ َﺒﺔٍ‪ ،‬ﺛ ُ َّﻢ ا ْﺳ َﺘ ْﺨ ِﺪ ْ� َﻬﺎ �ِي ُﺟ َﻤ ٍﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ‪َ :‬ﺣ ِّﻮ ِل اﱰﱳ َ ْ� َﺪ َ‬
‫ُّ‬
‫ﻴﺪ ٍة‪:‬‬
‫ُﻣ ِﻔ َ‬
‫‪َ .1‬ﺳ ْﺒ َﻌ ٌﺔ َو ِﻋ ْﺸ ُﺮ ْو َن ‪..........‬‬
‫‪ .2‬أ َ ْرﺑ َ َﻌ ٌﺔ َو َﺧ ْﻤ ُﺴ ْﻮ َن ‪..........‬‬
‫‪ْ ِ � .3‬ﺴ َﻌ ٌﺔ َوﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ ُ ْﻮ َن ‪..........‬‬
‫‪َ .4‬ﺧ ْﻤ َﺴ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ ‪..........‬‬
‫‪ِ .5‬ﺳ َّﺘ ٌﺔ َو ِﺳ ُّﺘ ْﻮ َن ‪..........‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس‪ :‬اِ ْﺳ َﺘ ْﺨ ِﺮجْ أ َ ْﺳ َﻤﺎ َء اﱰﱳَﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬

‫ﺎل ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ُﺠ َﻤ ِﻞ اﱰﱯﺗِ َﻴﺔِ‪ ،‬ﺛ ُ َّﻢ ﺑَﰿِّ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨﺎ َﻫﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل َّ‬ ‫ُّ‬
‫َواﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ َﻞ اﻟ َّ ِﺬي ﺗ َ ُﺤ ُّﻞ َﻣ َﺤﻠ َّ ُﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪َ .1‬ﺣ َّ� َﻬ ْﻞ ِإ�َ� َّ‬
‫ا�ﺻﲎ َﱮ ِة‪.‬‬
‫ﺎ�ﺻ ْﺪ ِق �َ ُﻬ َﻮ ُﻣ ْﻨ َﺠﺎةٌ‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ ِﺑ ِّ‬ ‫‪َ� .2‬ﻠ َْﻴ َ‬
‫‪َ .3‬ﻫ�ﻬ َ‬
‫ﻮد اﻟ َّﺰ َﻣ ُﻦ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ي‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎت أ ْن َﻳ ُﻌ َ‬ ‫َْ َ‬
‫‪ُ .4‬ر َو ْﻳ َﺪكَ ﻗ َْﺒ َﻞ ا ﺗِ ّ َﺨﺎ ِذ اﻟﻘ ََﺮ ِ‬
‫ار‪.‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺎﺳ َﺒ ًﺔ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻘَﺎﺋِ َﻤ ِﺔ اﱰﱯﺗِ َﻴ ِﺔ‬ ‫َﺎت اﻟ َّﺘﺎ ﻟِ َﻴ ِﺔ أ َ ْﺳ َﻤﺎ َء أَﻓ َْﻌ ٍ‬

‫ﺎل ُﻣ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِﺑ ُﻊ‪َ :‬ﺿ ْﻊ �ِي اﻟﻔ ََﺮا� ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل َّ‬
‫ُّ‬
‫ﺎت – ُر َو ْﻳ َﺪكَ – َﺣ َّ� َﻬ ْﻞ – َ�ﻠ َْﻴ َ‬
‫ﻚ(‬ ‫) َﻫ ْ� َﻬ َ‬

‫ا�ﺻ ْﺪ َق ﻓ َِﺈﻧَّ ٗﻪ ُﻣ ْﻨ َﺠﺎةٌ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ِّ ..........‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬

‫اﻟﻤ ْﺴ ِﺠ ِﺪ ﱰِﱳ َ َدا ِء َّ‬
‫ا�ﺻﲎ َﱮ ِة‪.‬‬ ‫‪ِ ...........‬إ�َ� َ‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫َ‬
‫‪ ...........‬اﻟ َّﺘﺄ� ِ ّي ﻗ َْﺒ َﻞ ا ﺗِ ّ َﺨﺎ ِذ اﻟﻘ ََﺮ ِ‬
‫ار‪.‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ي‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻮد َ‬ ‫‪ ..........‬أ ْن ﻳَ ُﻌ َ‬ ‫‪.4‬‬

‫�ﺻ ِﺤﻴ َﺤ َﺔ ِﻣ ّﻤَﺎ ﺑَﰿْ َﻦ اﻟﻘ َْﻮ َﺳﰿْ ِﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫َ‬

‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟﺜّﺎ ِﻣ ُﻦ‪ :‬اِ ْﺧﰐَ ِﺮ ِ‬
‫اﱰﱴ َﺟﺎ ﺑَ َﺔ ا َّ‬ ‫ُّ‬
‫ﻮق‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ( أ َ ْﺣ َﻤ ُﺪ ِإ�َ� ُّ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ – ﻳَﺬْ َﻫ َ‬
‫ﺐ – ﻳَﺬْ َﻫ ْ‬
‫‪. .1‬ﻟ َْﻢ )ﻳَﺬْ َﻫ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺴ ِﻠ ُﻢ اﻟ َّﻨ َ‬
‫ﺎس‪.‬‬ ‫ي( ُ‬‫‪ .2‬ﱰ َﱮ ) ُﻳ ْﺆ ِذ – ُﻳ ْﺆ ِذي – ُﻳ ْﺆ ِذ ْ‬
‫‪. .3‬ﻟَﻤَّﺎ ) َ� ِﺻ ْﻞ – َ� ِﺻ ُﻞ – َ� ِﺻ َﻞ( اﻟ ِ� َﻃ ُ‬
‫ﺎر ﺑ َ ْﻌ ُﺪ‪.‬‬
‫َ‬
‫)ﺑﺎﻟ ِﻘ َﺮا َء ِة – َﻳﻘ َْﺮأ – ﻗ ََﺮأ( �َ�ِيَ ِﻣ ْﻔ َﺘﺎحُ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﻌ ِﺮﻓَ ِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ ِ‬ ‫‪�َ .4‬ﻠ َْﻴ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ي‪.‬‬ ‫ﻮد( اﻟ َّﺰ َﻣ ُﻦ َ‬ ‫)اﻟﻌ ْﻮ َدةُ – ﻳَ ُﻌ ُ‬
‫ﻮد – أ ْن ﻳَ ُﻌ َ‬ ‫ﺎت َ‬ ‫‪َ . .5‬ﻫ ْ� َﻬ َ‬

‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟ َّﺘﺎ ِﺳ ُﻊ‪ :‬أ ْﻋ ِﺮ ِب اﻟ ُﺠ َﻤ َﻞ اﱰﱯﺗِ َﻴ َﺔ إِ ْﻋ َﺮا ﺑًﺎ ك َﲝ ِﻣﲎ ًﱮ َﻣ َﻊ ﺗ َ ْﺤ ِﺪﻳ ِﺪ أ ْﺣ ُﺮ ِف َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﺰ ِم‬ ‫ُّ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد َوأ َ ْﺳ َﻤﺎ ِء اﱰﱳَﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫َوأ ْﺳ َﻤﺎ ِء َ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻟَ ْﻢ � ُ َﺴﲝﻓِ ْﺮ ُﻣ َﺤ ّﻤ ٌَﺪ ِإ�َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ِﺪﻳ َﻨ ِﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﱰ َﱮ � َْﻇ ِﻠ ْﻢ اﻟ َّﻨ َ‬
‫ﺎس‪.‬‬
‫ﺎﱰﱮﺟ ِ� َﻬﺎ ِد‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ ِﺑ ْ‬ ‫‪�َ .3‬ﻠ َْﻴ َ‬
‫‪َ .4‬ﻫ�ﻬ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ي‪.‬‬‫ﻮد اﻟ َّﺰ َﻣ ُﻦ َ‬
‫ﺎت أ ْن َﻳ ُﻌ َ‬ ‫َْ َ‬
‫اﱰﱮﻣ ِﺘ َﺤﺎ ِن‪.‬‬
‫ﱮب ﺗَﻔ ََّﻮﻗُﻮا �ِي ْ‬ ‫‪ْ ِ � .5‬ﺴ َﻌ ُﺔ ُﻃﲎ َّ ٍ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺎﺷ ُﺮ )اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ َﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻ ُﺔ(‬

‫اﻟﻌ ِ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫ُﻞ اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ َﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻ ُﺔ‬
‫ﺎن‪ .‬ﺗ َ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬‫�ِيَ أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ٌل ﱰ َﱮ َﻳ ِت ُّﻢ َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨﺎ َﻫﺎ َﺣ� ّٰی َﻣ َﻊ ﻓَﺎ�ِ�ِ َﻬﺎ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﺨﻠ ُْﻮ أﺑ َ ًﺪا َﻋ ْﻦ ﻧُ� َْﺻ ٍ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟ َﺨ َﰊ َﺮ ﻓَ ُي َﺴ� َّ� َﺧ َﰊ َﺮ َﻫﺎ‪َ .‬و�ِيَ ﺛَﲎﱮﺛ َ َﺔ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ‬ ‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﻤ َّﻴ ِﺔ ﻓَ َﰐ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟﻤبْ َﺘ َﺪأ و� ُ َﺴ� َّ� ْ‬
‫اﺳ َ� َﻬﺎ َوﺗ َ ْ� ِﺻ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ ْ‬ ‫�َ�َ� ُ‬
‫ﷲ‪.‬‬‫إن َﺷﲝ َء ا ُ‬ ‫ﻓِ ْﻌﲎ ًﱮ َﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ َﻫﺎ � ِ ْي َﺳ ْﺒ َﻌ ٍﺔ � ُُﺻ ْﻮ ٍل ْ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل )"ك َﲝن"(‬
‫َو�ِيَ �َ�َ� ﻧَ ْﻮ َ� ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻧَﺎ ِ� َﺻ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎر"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎن اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ْي َوﻗ َْﺪ ﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ِﺑ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫"ﺻ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺰ َﻣ ِ‬ ‫ﺖ َﺧ َﰊ َﺮ َﻫﺎ ْ‬
‫ﱰﱮﺳ ِ� َﻬﺎ � ِ ْي َ‬ ‫َو�ِيَ ﺗُث ِْﺒ ُ‬
‫ﺎع )‪ (2‬أ ْن ﱰَّﱮ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن اﻟ َﺨ َﰊ ُﺮ ُﻣ ْﻤﻜ َ‬
‫ِﻦ‬ ‫ِﻦ اﱰﱮﻧْ ِ� َﻃ ِ‬‫أن َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن اﻟ َﺨ َﰊ ُﺮ ُﻣ ْﻤﻜ َ‬
‫�� ﻧَ ْﻮ�َ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪ْ (1) :‬‬‫اﱰﱳو ُل ﻓ ََﻌ ٰ‬
‫أ ّﻣَﺎ َّ‬
‫َﲝن اﻟ َّﻨ ُ‬
‫ﺎس ا ُ َّﻣ ًﺔ َّوا ِﺣ َﺪ ًة{‪ِ .‬ﻣﺜَﺎ ُل اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي‪ :‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬‬ ‫اﱰﱳو ُل‪ :‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِﻪ ﺗَﻌﺎ�َ�‪ } :‬ك َ‬
‫ﺎع‪ِ .‬ﻣﺜَﺎ ُل َّ‬ ‫اﱰﱮﻧْ ِ� َﻃ ِ‬
‫َﲝن �َ ِﻠ ْﻴ ًﻤﺎ َﺣ ِﻜ ْﻴ ًﻤﺎۙ {‪.‬‬ ‫اِ َّن ّٰ َ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ ك َ‬
‫ﺎر ﻣِﻦ اﻟكَﲝﻓِ ِﺮ ْﻳ َﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ِﻦ اﻟْ ٰﳉ ِﻔ ِﺮ ْﻳ َﻦ { ْ‬
‫أي َﺻ َ‬ ‫َﲝن ﻣ َ‬
‫أ ّﻣَﺎ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي ﻓَ َﻨ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا ْﺳ َﺘ ْﳉ َﰊ َﺮ َو ك َ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗَﺎ َّﻣ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫�ِيَ ﺗ َ ِت ُّﻢ ِﺑﻔَﺎ ِ� ِ� َﻬﺎ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ﻧَﺎ ِ� َﺻ ًﺔ‪َ ،‬و ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ْﻞ َﻋ َﻤ َﻞ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟ َﻨﺎ� ِِﺺ‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و اِ ْن‬
‫َﲝن ذُ ْو ُﻋ ْﺴ َﺮ ٍة ﻓَ َ�ﻇ َِﺮةٌ اِ�ٰ� َﻣ ْی َﺴ َﺮ ٍة{‪.‬‬
‫ك َ‬
‫اﻟ�ﻬ ِﺪ َﺻ ِب ًّﻴﺎ{‪.‬‬ ‫َوﻗ َْﺪ ﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن َزاﺋِ َﺪةً ﻟِ ُﻤ َﺠ َّﺮ ِد اﻟ َﺘﺄﻛ ِْﻴ ِﺪ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬ﻗَﺎ ﻟ ُْﻮا ﻛ َْﻴ َﻒ ﻧُك َ ِﻠ ّ ُﻢ َﻣ ْﻦ ك َ‬
‫َﲝن � ِ ْي ْ‬
‫أن َﻳ َﻘ َﻊ َ‬
‫"ﺻ ِب ًّﻴﺎ" َﺣﺎ ﱰ ًﱮ‪.‬‬ ‫َﲝن" � ِ ْي اﱰﱯ َﻳ ِﺔ اﻟﻜ َِﺮ ْﻳ َﻤ ِﺔ َزاﺋِ َﺪةٌ �ِ َﺸ ْﺮ ِط ْ‬
‫"ك َ‬
‫ﺎر(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫)ﺻ َ‬
‫�ِيَ �َ�َ� ﻧَ ْﻮ َ� ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻧَﺎ ِ� َﺻ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻮ ْﺿ ُﻊ َﺣ َﺴ ًﻨﺎ"‪.‬‬
‫ﺎر َ‬‫أو َﺣﺎ ﻟَ ٍﺔ إ�َ� أ ْﺧ ٰﺮى‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﺻ َ‬ ‫َﺎل ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ِﺻ َﻔ ٍﺔ ْ‬ ‫ﺎرةٌ َﻋ ْﻦ اﱰﱮﻧْ ِﺘﻘ ِ‬
‫�ِيَ ِﻋ َﺒ َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗَﺎ َّﻣ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ِﻦ َﻣك َ ٍ‬
‫ﲝن إ�َ�‬ ‫�ِيَ ﺗ َ ِت ُّﻢ ِﺑﻔَﺎ�ِ�ِ َﻬﺎ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ َﻋ َﻤ َﻞ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟ َﻨﺎ� ِِﺺ َوﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ِﺣ ْﻴ َن ِﺌ ٍﺬ ﺑِ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� اﱰﱮﻧْ ِﺘﻘ ِ‬
‫َﺎل ﻣ ْ‬
‫ﲝن آﺧ َِﺮ َوﺗ َ َﺘ َﻌ ّٰﺪى ِﺑ َﻮ ِ‬
‫ا� َﻃ ِﺔ َﺣ ْﺮ ِف "إ�َ�" ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا َﱰَﱮ ۤاِ�َ� ّٰ ِ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ � َِﺻ ْﰿ ُﺮ ا ﱰْﱮ ُُﻣ ْﻮ ُ ۠ر {‪.‬‬ ‫َﻣك َ ٍ‬
‫ﺚ )أ ْﺻ َﺒﺢَ ‪ ،‬أ ْﺿ�َ�‪ ،‬أ ْﻣ َ��(‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ﺗ َﺄ� ِ ْي اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟﺜَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ُﺔ ﻫ ِﺬه � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨ َﻴ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻧَﺎ ِ� َﺻ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫�ِيَ ﺗ َ ْﺤ َﺘﺎجُ إ�َ� اﻟﻤبْ َﺘ َﺪأِ َواﻟ َﺨ َﰊ ِﺮ ﻟِ َﺘ ْﻌ َﻤ َﻞ ﻓِ ْ� ِﻬ َﻤﺎ‪َ .‬و َ� َﻬﺎ َﻣ ْﻌ َن َﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺎن‪:‬‬
‫ﺄوﻗَﺎ� َِﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ ِﺑ ْ‬ ‫اﻗْﰐِ َﺮ ُ‬
‫ان َ� ْﺿ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِن ُ‬ ‫‪-‬أ‬
‫ﺎح‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬‬ ‫ﺎص‪ ،‬ﻓـ"أ ْﺻ َﺒﺢَ " َﻳ ْﻌ� َ� َ� َﺻ َﻞ � ِ ْي َ‬
‫ا�ﺻ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫ْﺖ َﺧ ٍ ّ‬ ‫أي ﻳَ ْ� ُﺻ ُﻞ َ� ْﺿ ُﻤ ْﻮ ُن َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ ِﺑ َﻮﻗ ٍ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫�ﺿ�َ�‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ‬ ‫ﺎر ِﻫ ْﻢ ٰﺟ ِﺜ ِﻤ ْﰿ َﻦ{‪َ ،‬و"أ ْﺿ�َ�" َﻳ ْﻌ� ِ ْي َ� َﺻ َﻞ � ِ ْي ا ُ‬ ‫َو ا َ َﺧﺬَ اﻟَّ ِﺬ ْﻳ َﻦ َﻇﻠ َُﻤﻮا َّ‬
‫ا�ﺻ ْﻴ َﺤ ُﺔ ﻓَﺎ َ ْﺻ َﺒ ُﺤ ْﻮا �ِیْ ِد َﻳ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﲝ ِء‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪" :‬أ ْﻣ َ�� َ‬
‫اﻟﻮﻟ َُﺪ َﺟﺎﺋِ ًﻌﺎ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪" :‬أ ْﺿ�َ� َز ْﻳ ٌﺪ ُﻣ ْ�ﻃ ًِﺮا"‪َ ،‬و"أ ْﻣ َ��" ﻳَ ْﻌ� ِ ْي َ� َﺻ َﻞ � ِ ْي َ‬
‫ﺎر"‪.‬‬ ‫ب � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫"ﺻ َ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﷲ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻗُ ْﻞ ا َ َر َء ْﻳ ُت ْﻢ اِ ْن ا َ ْﺻ َﺒﺢَ َﻣﺂ ُؤﻛ ُْﻢ ﻏ َْﻮ ًرا{‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ ِب‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎ َل ا ُ‬ ‫وﻫﺬَ ا َﺷﲝﺋِ ٌﻊ � ِ ْي كَﲎ ِ‬
‫َﱮم َ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗَﺎ َّﻣ ٌﺔ‬
‫أ ّﻣَﺎ اﻟ َﺘﺎ َّﻣ ُﺔ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ َﻋ َﻤ َﻞ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟ َﻨﺎ� ِِﺺ وإﻧَّ َﻤﺎ ﺗ َ ِت ُّﻢ ِﺑﻔَﺎ�ِ�ِ َﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و ا َﻧَّ َ‬
‫ﻚ ﱰ َﱮ � َْﻇ َﻤ ُﺆا‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ ِﺣ ْﰿ َﻦ ﺗ ُ ْﻤ ُﺴ ْﻮ َن َو ِﺣ ْﰿ َﻦ � ُْﺻ ِﺒ ُﺤ ْﻮ َن {‪.‬‬
‫ِﻓ ْ� َﻬﺎ َو ﱰ َﱮ � َْﺿ�ٰی {‪َ ،‬و َﻛﻘ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻓ َُﺴ ْﺒ ٰﺤ َﻦ ّٰ ِ‬

‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ ) َﻇ َّﻞ‪ ،‬ﺑَ َ‬

‫ﺎت(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫َ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ َﻣ ْﻌ َن َﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺎن‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ ِﺑﺎ ﻟﻠ َْﻴ ِﻞ َواﻟ َ� َﻬ ِ‬
‫ﺎر‪:‬‬ ‫اﻗْﰐِ َﺮ ُ‬
‫ان َ� ْﺿ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِن ُ‬ ‫‪-‬أ‬
‫ﺎت"‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ‬ ‫ﺎر � ِ ْي " َﻇ َّ‬
‫ﻞ" َواﻟﻠ َْﻴ ُﻞ � ِ ْي "ﺑ َ َ‬ ‫ﺎص َو ُﻫ َﻮ اﻟ َ� َﻬ ُ‬
‫ْﺖ َﺧ ٍ ّ‬ ‫أي ﻳَ ْ� ُﺻ ُﻞ َ� ْﺿ ُﻤ ْﻮ ُن ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ � ِ ْي َوﻗ ٍ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻞ َﻣ ْﻔ ُﺘ ْﻮ ًﺣﺎ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺤ ُّ‬
‫ﻞا َ‬ ‫ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و اﻟَّ ِﺬ ْﻳ َﻦ َﻳ ِﺒ ْی ُﺘ ْﻮ َن ﻟ َِﺮ ِ ّ� ِﻬ ْﻢ ُﺳ َّﺠ ًﺪا َّو ﻗِ َﻴ ً‬
‫ﺎﻣﺎ { َو َﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﻇ َّ‬
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‫ﺎر"‪:‬‬ ‫ب � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫"ﺻ َ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و اِذَا � ُ ِ ّﺸ َﺮ ا َ َﺣ ُﺪ ُﻫ ْﻢ ِﺑﺎ ﱰْﱮُﻧْ�ٰ� َﻇ َّ‬
‫ﻞ َو ْ� ُﻬ ٗﻪ ُﻣ ْﺴ َﻮدًّا َّو ُﻫ َﻮ َ� ِﻇ ْی ٌﻢۚ {‪.‬‬
‫ام(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ َ‬
‫)ﻣﺎ َد َ‬
‫َ‬
‫اﺳ ِﻤ َّﻴ ٌﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﱰﱮﺳ ِ� َﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و�ِﻬﺬا ﱰ َﱮﺑ ُ َّﺪ ْ‬
‫أن � َْﺴ ِﺒ َﻘ ٗﻪ ُﺟ ْﻤﻠ َ ٌﺔ ﻓِ ْﻌ ِﻠ َّﻴ ٌﺔ أ ِو ْ‬ ‫ﺖ َ� ْي ٍء ِﺑ ُﻤ َّﺪ ِة ﺛ ُ ُﺒ ْﻮ ِت َﺧ َﰊ ِﺮ َﻫﺎ ْ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ﻟِ َﺘ ْﻮﻗِ ْﻴ ِ‬
‫اﻣ ْﻮا ﻓِ ْ� َﻬﺎ { َوﻗَّ ُﺘ ْﻮا �َ َﺪ َم ُ‬
‫اﻟﺪ ُﺧ ْﻮ ِل ﺑِ ُﻤ َّﺪ ِة ُو ُﺟ ْﻮ ِد أ�ْ َﺪا�ِ ِﻬ ْﻢ � ِ ْي‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬اِ ﻧَّﺎ ﻟَ ْﻦ ﻧَّ ْﺪ ُﺧ َ� َﻬﺎ ۤ ا َﺑ َ ًﺪا ّﻣَﺎ َد ُ‬
‫اﻟﻘ َْﺮ َﻳﺔِ‪.‬‬
‫)ﻣﺎ َزا َل‪َ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺑَ ِﺮحَ ‪َ ،‬ﻣﺎ ا ﻧْﻔ َّ‬
‫َﻚ‪َ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻓَ�ِئَ(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس َ‬
‫ْﺖ‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﱰ َﱮ‬
‫اﻟﻮﻗ ِ‬
‫ِﻦ َ‬‫ﱰﱮﺳ ِ� َﻬﺎ ِﻣﻤَّﺎ َ� ٰ�� ﻣ ْ‬
‫ام ﺛ ُ ُﺒ ْﻮ ِت َﺧ َﰊ ِﺮ َﻫﺎ ْ‬ ‫ﺗ َ ُﺪ ُّل ﻫ ِﺬه ْ‬
‫اﱰﱳﺳ َﻤﺎ ُء َ��َ� َد َو ِ‬
‫ام ﺛ ُ ُﺒ ْﻮ ِت ِ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ْﻳ َﺒ ِﺔ � ِ ْي ﻗُﻠ ُْﻮ ِ� ِﻬ ْﻢ‬ ‫َﻳ َﺰا ُل ﺑ ُ ْن َﻴﺎ� ُُﻬ ُﻢ اﻟَّ ِﺬ ْ‬
‫ی ﺑ َ َﻨ ْﻮا ِر ْﻳ َﺒ ًﺔ �ِیْ ﻗُﻠ ُْﻮ ِ� ِﻬ ْﻢ { ﻓَﻘ َْﺪ أﺛْبَ َﺘ ْﺖ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ُﺔ "ﱰ َﱮ َﻳ َﺰا ُل" َد َو َ‬
‫ُﻣ ْﻨﺬُ َﻣﺎ ﻗ َْﺒ َ� َﻬﺎ‪َ .‬و َﻛﻘ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻗَﺎ ﻟ ُْﻮا ﻟَ ْﻦ ﻧَّ ْﰊ َﺮحَ �َﻠ َْﻴ ِﻪ ٰﻋ ِﻜ ِﻔ ْﰿ َﻦ َﺣ� ّٰی َﻳ ْﺮ ِﺟ َﻊ اِﻟ َْی َﻨﺎ ُﻣ ْﻮ ٰ�ی {‪َ ،‬و َﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪:‬‬
‫َﺎرﺋًﺎ"‪.‬‬
‫ﺎم ﻗ ِ‬
‫اﱰﱴﻣ ُ‬
‫َﻚ َ‬‫"ﻣﺎ اﻧﻔ َّ‬
‫" َﻣﺎ ﻓَ�ِئ َ َﺧﺎ ﻟ ٌِﺪ ذَا ﻛ ًِﺮا"‪َ ،‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِﺑ ُﻊ )ﻟ َْي َﺲ(‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ْﺪ ُل َزاﺋِﲎ ًﱮ َو ﻟ َْي َﺲ ُ‬
‫ا�ﻇﻠ ُْﻢ ﺑَﺎ ِﻗ ًﻴﺎ"‪.‬‬ ‫�ِيَ ﻟِﻨَ� ْ ِي َ� ْﺿ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِن ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠَﺔِ‪َ ،‬ﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪" :‬ﻟ َْي َﺲ َ‬
‫أي‬
‫ﺐ{ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎ ِء‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا َﻟ َْی َﺲ ا ُّ‬
‫�ﺻ ْﺒﺢُ ِﺑﻘ َِﺮ ْﻳ ٍ‬ ‫َوﺗ ُ ْﻮ َﺻ ُﻞ َﻛ ِﺜ ْﰿ ًﺮا َﻣ َﻊ َﺧ َﰊ ِﺮ َﻫﺎ ِ� ِﺻﻠ َ ِﺔ َﺣ ْﺮ ِف َ‬
‫�ﺻ ْﺒﺢُ ﻗ َِﺮ ْﻳ ًﺒﺎ؟‬‫أﻟ َْي َﺲ ا ُ‬

‫َ‬ ‫َﺟﺎ َء ر ُﺟ ٌﻞ إِ�َ� أ َ َﺣ ِﺪ اﻟ َّﻨ ْﺤ ِﻮ ﻳِّﰿ َﻦ ﻓ ََﺴﲟَﻟَ ٗﻪ‪ :‬ا َّ‬

‫�ﻇ�ْيُ َﻣ ْﻌ ِﺮﻓَ ٌﺔ أ ْم ﻧَ ِﳉ َﺮةٌ؟ ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‪ :‬إِذَا ك َ‬
‫َﲝن‬ ‫َ‬
‫�ﺻ ْﺤ َﺮا ِء‪ُ َ� ،‬ﻬ َﻮ ﻧَ ِﳉ َﺮةٌ!‬ ‫َﻣ ْﺸ ِﻮ ﻳًّﺎ �َ�َ� اﻟ َْﻤﺎﺋِ َﺪ ِة‪ُ َ� ،‬ﻬ َﻮ َﻣ ْﻌ ِﺮﻓَ ٌﺔ‪َ ،‬وإِ ْن ك َ‬
‫َﲝن � َ ْﺴ َﺮحُ �ِي ا َّ‬
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‫ي َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟﻤﻘ َ‬

‫َﺎرﺑَ ِﺔ(‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟ َﺤﺎ ِد ْ‬
‫أرﺑ َ َﻌ ُﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ُ�‬
‫�ِيَ أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ٌل ﺗ َ ُﺪ ّل َ�َ� اﻟﻤﻘ َ‬
‫َﺎرﺑَﺔِ‪َ .‬و�ِيَ ْ‬
‫ﻚ‬
‫أو َﺷ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﻛ َُﺮ َب‬ ‫َﲝد‬
‫ك َ‬ ‫َﻋ ٰ��‬
‫ﷲ‪.‬‬
‫إن َﺷﲝ َء ا ُ‬ ‫َﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ َﻫﺎ � ِ ْي ْ‬
‫أرﺑ َ َﻌ ِﺔ � ُُﺻ ْﻮ ٍل ْ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل ) َﻋ ٰ��(‬
‫َﺎرﺑَﺔِ‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ َ�� ٰی ﻧَ ْﻮ�َ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ُ�‬
‫�ِيَ ك َ ِﻠ َﻤ ٌﺔ ﺗ َ ُﺪ ّل َ�َ� اﻟﻤﻘ َ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻧَﺎ ِ� َﺻ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺐ َﺧ َﰊ َﺮ ٗه‪َ ،‬وﱰ َﱮ ﺑ ُ َّﺪ ﻓِ ْﻴ ِﻪ ﻣِﻦ َﺷ ْﺮ َﻃ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ َﻋ َﻤ َﻞ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟ َﻨﺎ� ِِﺺ ﻓَ َﰐ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ ْ‬
‫اﺳ َﻤ ٗﻪ َوﺗ َ ْ� ِﺻ ُ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺻ َﺪ ِر َّﻳ ُﺔ"‪.‬‬
‫"أن ْ‬ ‫أن َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن َﺧ َﰊ ُﺮ ٗه ﻓِ ْﻌﲎ ًﱮ ُ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ً�ﺎ � َْﺴ ِﺒ ُﻘ ٗﻪ ْ‬ ‫‪ْ (1‬‬
‫اﺳ ُﻤ ٗﻪ َﻇﺎ ِﻫ ًﺮا �َ ْﰿ َﺮ ُﻣ ْﺴ َتﰐِ ٍﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ادا َوﺗَﺜْ ِن َﻴ ًﺔ َو َﺟ ْﻤ ًﻌﺎ إذَا ك َ‬
‫َﲝن ْ‬ ‫أن ﻳَ َ� َﻃﺎ ﺑَﻘَﺎ ﺗَﺬْ ِﻛ ْﰿ ًﺮا َوﺗَﺄﻧِ ْيﺜًﺎ إﻓْ َﺮ ً‬
‫‪ْ (2‬‬
‫أن َﻳ ْﻌﻔ َُﻮ" َﺧ َﰊ ُﺮه‬ ‫أن َﻳ ْﻌﻔ َُﻮ َﻋ ْ� ُﻬ ْﻢ{‪ ،‬ﻓَـ" َﻋ ٰ��" ﻧَﺎ ِ� َﺻ ٌﺔ َو"اﷲ" ْ‬
‫اﺳ ُﻤﻪ َو" ْ‬ ‫ﷲ ْ‬‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬ﻋ َ�� ا ُ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ُﺮ ْو ُط اﻟﻤﺬْ ﻛ ُْﻮ َرةُ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬وﻗ َْﺪ ﺗ َ َﺤ َّﻘﻘ ْ‬
‫َﺖ ﻓِ ْﻴﻪ ُ‬ ‫� ِ ْي َﻣ َﺤ ِ ّ‬
‫ﻞ اﻟ َ� َﺻ ِ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗَﺎ َّﻣ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫َوﱰ َﱮ ﺑ ُ َّﺪ ﻓِ ْﻴ ِﻪ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ َﺷ ْﺮ ٍط َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎرعُ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﻟ�ﺻ َﺪ ِر َّﻳ ُﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﻴ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫"أن"‬
‫ﺎر ً�ﺎ � َْﺴ ِﺒﻘُﻪ ْ‬ ‫أن َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن ْ‬
‫اﺳ ُﻤﻪ ﻓِ ْﻌﲎ ًﱮ ُ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫‪ْ (1‬‬
‫اﻟﺮﻓْ ِﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﻞ َ‬ ‫اﻟ�ﺻ َﺪ ِرﻳَّ ُﺔ � ِ ْي َﻣ َﺤ ِ ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘ ُْﺮ ْو ُن ﺑِ ْ‬
‫ـ"أن" ْ‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻗُ ْﻞ َﻋ ٰۤ�� ا َ ْن َّﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن ﻗ َِﺮ ْﻳ ًﺒﺎ {‪.‬‬

‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي )ك َ‬

‫َﲝد(‬
‫ﺎرعُ َﻣﻘ ُْﺮ ْوﻧًﺎ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬ ‫ﻟﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ إﱰَّﱮ أﻧَّﻪ ﱰ َﱮ � ُ ْﺸ َﰐ َﺮ ُط ﻓِ ْﻴ ِﻪ ْ‬
‫أن ﻳَ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ َ‬ ‫�ِيَ � َْﺸ َﺒ ُﻪ " َﻋ ٰ��" � ِ ْي ا ْ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌ� َ� َوا َ‬
‫َﲝد"‬ ‫ﺎر ُﻫ ْﻢ{ ﻓـ"اﻟ َﰊ ْﺮ ُق" َﻳ َﻘ ُﻊ ْ‬
‫اﺳ ًﻤﺎ ﻟِ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ "ك َ‬ ‫اﻟ�ﺻ َﺪ ِر َّﻳﺔِ‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻳَك َ ُ‬
‫ﲝد اﻟْ َﰊ ْﺮ ُق َﻳ ْ� َﻃ ُﻒ ا َ ْ� َﺻ َ‬ ‫ـ"أن" ْ‬
‫ِﺑ ْ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺻ َﺪ ِرﻳَّ ُﺔ ﺑِﺎ ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ � َْﺸ ِب ْ� ًﻬﺎ ﺑِـ" َﻋ ٰ��"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎرعُ َﻳ َﻘ ُﻊ َﺧ َﰊ ًﺮا ﻟَ ٗﻪ‪َ ،‬وﻗ َْﺪ ﺗُﻘ َْﺮ ُن ْ‬
‫"أن" ْ‬ ‫واﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪41‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫َ� ِﻃ ْﻴ َﻔ ٌﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ِﻮ ﻳَّ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﲝ َﻋ َﺔ ٰا ﺗِ َﻴ ٌﺔ اَك ُ‬
‫َﲝد‬ ‫ﻟﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻛ ََﻤﺎ � ِ ْي ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬اِ َّن َّ‬ ‫َﲝد" َوﺑَﺎ� ِ ْي ُﻣ ْﺸ َﺘ َّﻘﺎ ﺗِﻪ � ِ ْي ا ْ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌ� َ� َوا َ‬ ‫ﱰ َﱮ ﻓَ ْﺮ َق � ِ ْي "ك َ‬
‫ِﻦ ﻓ َْﻮ ِ� ِﻬ َّﻦ{ } ﱰَّﱮ َﻳك َ ُ‬
‫ﲝد ْو َن ﻳَ ْﻔ� َُﻬ ْﻮ َن َﺣ ِﺪ ْﻳﺜًﺎ{ } اِذَا ۤ ا َ ْﺧ َﺮجَ ﻳَ َﺪ ٗه ﻟ َْﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ٰﻤ ٰﻮ ُت ﻳَ َﺘ� ََّﻃ ْﺮ َن ﻣ ْ‬
‫ﲝد َّ‬‫ا ُ ْﺧ ِﻔ ْ� َﻬﺎ{ } ﺗَك َ ُ‬
‫أم ﱰ َﱮ؟ ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل ﺑ َ ْ� ُض ُﻬ ْﻢ إﻧَّ ٗﻪ ُﻳ ْ�� ِْي‬
‫أن اﻟ َﻨ ْﺤ ِﻮ ِّﻳ ْﰿ َﻦ ا ْﺧ َﺘﻠَﻔ ُْﻮا � ِ ْي اﻟﻤ ْﻨ� ِِيّ َﻫ ْﻞ ُﻳ ْ�� ِْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� اﻟﻨَ� ْ ِي ْ‬
‫�ﻬﺎ{ إﱰَّﱮ َّ‬
‫َﻳ َﳉ ْﺪ َﻳ ٰﺮ َ‬
‫ﺎت‪َ .‬وﻗَﺎ َل ﺑ َ ْ� ُض ُﻬ ْﻢ إﻧَّ ٗﻪ ﻳُ ِﻔ ْْﻴ َﺪ اﻟﻨَ�ْيَ � ِ ْي ِﺻ ْﻴ َﻐ ِﺔ‬ ‫إن اﻟﻨَ�ْيَ ﻳَ ِﺰ ْﻳ ُﺪ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ اﱰﱴﺛ ْ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� اﻟﻨ� ْ ِي‪َ .‬وﻗَﺎ َل ﺑ َ ْ� ُض ُﻬ ْﻢ َّ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺴ َﺘﻘ َْﺒ ِﻞ ُد ْو َن اﻟﻤﺎ�ِ ْي‪.‬‬
‫ا ْ‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ﺚ )ﻛ َُﺮ َب(‬
‫ﺐ َﺧ َﰊ َﺮ ٗه إﱰَّﱮ أﻧَّﻪ ﱰ َﱮ � ُ ْﺸﰐَ َﺮ ُط ﻓِ ْﻴ ِﻪ ْ‬
‫أن ﻳَ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن‬ ‫ﻟﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ ﻓَ َﰿ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ ْ‬
‫اﺳ َﻤ ٗﻪ َو ﻳَ ْ� ِﺻ ُ‬ ‫�ِيَ � َْﺸ َﺒ ُﻪ " َﻋ ٰ��" � ِ ْي ا ْ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌ� َ� َوا َ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎ� ُِﻆ ُﻳ ْﳉ ِﻤ ُﻞ"‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟ�ﺻ َﺪ ِر َّﻳﺔِ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ "ﻛ َُﺮ َب َ‬
‫ـ"أن" ْ‬ ‫ﺎر ً�ﺎ َﻣﻘ ُْﺮ ْوﻧًﺎ ِﺑ ْ‬
‫اﻟ َﺨ َﰊ ُﺮ ﻓِ ْﻌﲎ ًﱮ ُ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫ﻚ(‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ ْ‬
‫)أو َﺷ َ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟ�ﺻ َﺪ ِرﻳَّ ُﺔ َﻣ َﻊ ا ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ إﱰَّﱮ أﻧَّ ٗﻪ ﻳَ ُﺠ ْﻮ ُز ﻓِ ْﻴﻪ ْ‬
‫أن ﺗُﻘ َْﺮ َن ْ‬
‫"أن" ْ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌ� َ� َوا َ‬
‫�ِيَ ْأ� ًﺿﺎ � َْﺸ َﺒ ُﻪ أ َﺧ َﻮا� َِﻬﺎ � ِ ْي ا ْ‬
‫أن � َ ْﺴ� َُﻂ" َو َﻳ ُﺠ ْﻮ ُز "� َ ْﺴ� ُُﻂ"‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ اﻟبَ ْﻴ ُﺖ ْ‬ ‫ﺎر ِع‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ْ " :‬‬
‫أو َﺷ َ‬ ‫اﻟ�ﺿ ِ‬
‫َ‬

‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ�ِيْ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل ْ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺪ ِح َواﻟﺬَ ِّم(‬
‫اﻟﺮﻓْ ُﻊ‬ ‫�ِيَ أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ٌل َ� َﻬﺎ َﻣ ْﻤ ُﺪ ْو ُ� َﻬﺎ َو َﻣﺬْ ُﻣ ْﻮ ُ� َﻬﺎ � ُ َﺴ� َّ� َﻣ ْ� ُﺻ ْﻮ ًﺻﺎ ِﺑ ْ‬
‫ﺎﻟﻤﺪ ِح َواﻟﺬَ ِّم‪َ .‬ﻳ ُﺠ ْﻮ ُز � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ� ِِﻬ َﻤﺎ َ‬
‫أرﺑ َ َﻌ ٌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ كِﲎ َﱮ ُﻫ َﻤﺎ‪َ .‬و�ِيَ ْ‬
‫َواﻟ َ� ْﺻ ُ‬
‫أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟﺬَ ِّم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪ ِح‬
‫أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل ْ‬
‫ِﺑ ْئ َﺲ‬ ‫ﻧِ ْﻌ َﻢ‬
‫َﺳﲝ َء‬ ‫َﺣ ّﺒَﺬَ ا‬
‫ٌ‬
‫ف‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ‬ ‫أو ﱰﱳﻧَّ ٗﻪ ُﻣبْ َﺘ َﺪأ ﻟِ َﺨ َﰊ ٍﺮ ُﻣﻘ ََّﺪ ٍم ْ‬
‫أو َﺧ َﰊ ٌﺮ ﻟ ُِﻤبْ َﺘ َﺪ ٍإ َﻣ ْﺤﺬُ ْو ٍ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻓْ ُﻊ ِ‬
‫ﻓب َﻨﺎ ًء َ��َ� اﻟﻔَﺎ�ِ ِﻠ َّﻴ ِﺔ ْ‬ ‫أ ّﻣَﺎ َ‬
‫اﻟﻮﻛ ِْﻴ ُﻞ ا ُ‬
‫ﷲ"‪.‬‬ ‫اﻪﻠﻟ َو ﻧِ ْﻌ َﻢ اﻟ َْﻮﻛ ِْﻴ ُﻞ { ْ‬
‫أي "ﻧِ ْﻌ َﻢ َ‬ ‫ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َّ } :‬و ﻗَﺎ ﻟ ُْﻮا َﺣ ْﺴبُ َﻨﺎ ّٰ ُ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪42‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ِﻞ � ِ ْي ﻓِ ْﻌ ِﻞ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪ ِح َو ﻳُ َﻤ ّﰿِ ُﺰه‬ ‫�ﺿ ِﻤ ْﰿ ُﺮ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ُ‬‫ﺐ ِﻓ ِب َﻨﺎ ًء �َ�َ� اﻟ َﺘ ْﻤ ِي ْﰿ ِﺰ‪َ ،‬و َ�ﻠ َ ْﻴ ِﻪ ﻓَ َي ْﺴ َتﰐِ ُﺮ ا َ‬
‫أ ّﻣَﺎ اﻟ َ� َﺻ ُ‬
‫اب إﱰَّﱮ أ� َّ َﻬﺎ َﺷﲝﺋِ َﻌ ٌﺔ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺮ ِب‪َ ،‬ﻛﻘ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪" :‬ﻧِ ْﻌ َﻢ‬ ‫آن ِ� ٰﻬﺬَ ا اﱰﱴ ْﻋ َﺮ ِ‬‫ﺎﻟﻤﺪ ِح‪َ .‬و ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳَ ِﺮ ْد اﻟﻘ ُْﺮ ُ‬‫ص ِﺑ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ْ� ُﺻ ْﻮ ُ‬
‫َﺎر ًﺳﲝ َﺧﺎ ﻟ ٌِﺪ"‪.‬‬
‫ﻓ ِ‬
‫اﱰﱳﻣ ِﺜﻠ َ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ْ‬
‫�ﻬ ْﻢ َ� َﻬ َّن ُﻢ َو ِﺑ ْئ َﺲ اﻟ َْ� ِﺻ ْﰿ ُﺮ { } ﻓ ََﺴﲞ َء َﺻ َﺒﺎحُ اﻟ ُْﻤ ْﻨﺬَ ِر ْﻳ َﻦ {‬
‫ﻗ َْﻮﻟُ ٗﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ� } َو َﻣﺎ ْ ٰو ُ‬
‫َوﻗ َْﻮ ُ� ُﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﺣ ّﺒَﺬَ ا َﺳﲝ ِﺟ ٌﺪ"‪.‬‬

‫ِﻦ اﻟ َّﺘكَﻠ ُّ َﻢ ِﺑﺎ ﻟﻠ ُّ َﻐ ِﺔ اﻟ َْﻌ َﺮ ِﺑ َّﻴ ِﺔ اﻟْ� ُْﺻ� َ ٰ� ِ� َﻃﲎ َﱮﻗَﺔٍ‪َ ،‬ﺣ� ّٰی ِإ َّن اﻟ َْﻌ َﺮ َب ِإذَا‬ ‫َﺎر َس ُﻳ ْﺘﻘ ُ‬ ‫ِإ َّن َر ُﺟﲎ ًﱮ ﻣِﻦ ِﺑﲎ َﱮ ِد ﻓ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻴﺪ‬
‫َﺎر َس‪َ ،‬وأ ِﺟ ُ‬ ‫ﻚ َو ﻳَﻘُﻮ ُل‪ :‬أﻧَﺎ ﻣِﻦ ِﺑﲎ َﱮ ِد ﻓ ِ‬ ‫ﺖ؟ ﻓ ََ� ْﺿ َﺤ ُ‬ ‫ي ﻗ ََﺒﺎﺋ ِِﻞ اﻟ َْﻌ َﺮ ِب أﻧْ َ‬ ‫كَﻠ َّ َ� ُﻬ ْﻢ � َ ْﺴﲟَﻟُﻮﻧَ ٗﻪ‪ :‬ﻣِﻦ أ ِّ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِﻦ اﻟ َْﻌ َﺮ ِب‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﺠﻠ َ َﺲ‬ ‫َـﻌﺎ َدﺗِ ٖﻪ‪َ ،‬و َﺟ َﺪ َﻣ ْﺠﻠِ َﺲ ﻗ َْﻮ ٍم ّﻣ َ‬ ‫ات َﻳ ْﻮ ٍم‪َ ،‬وﻛ َ‬ ‫ِﻦ اﻟ َْﻌ َﺮ ِب‪َ .‬وذَ َ‬ ‫اﻟ َْﻌ َﺮ ِﺑ َّﻴ َﺔ أ ْﻛﰱ َ َﺮ ﻣ َ‬
‫ﺎب ِإ َﺟﺎ ﺑَ َﺘ ُﻪ ا ﻟ َْﻤ ْ� ُﻬﻮ َدةَ‪ :‬أَﻧَﺎ ﻣِﻦ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺖ؟ ﻓَﺄ َﺟ َ‬ ‫ي ﻗ ََﺒﺎﺋ ِِﻞ اﻟ َْﻌ َﺮ ِب أﻧْ َ‬ ‫ﻨﺪ ُﻫ ْﻢ َوﺗَكَﻠ َّ َﻢ َﻣ َ� ُﻬ ْﻢ‪َ ،‬و َﺳﲟَﻟُﻮ ُه‪ :‬ﻣِﻦ أ ِّ‬ ‫ِﻋ َ‬
‫ﺑﲎ َﱮ ِد ﻓَﺎرس‪ ،‬وأُﺟﻴﺪ اﻟْﻌﺮﺑ َﻴ َﺔ أ َ ْﻛﰱَﺮ ﻣِﻦ اﻟْﻌﺮب‪ .‬ﻓَﻘ َ‬
‫ﺐ ِإ� َ ٰ� ﻓُﲎ ٍ‬
‫َﱮن‪،‬‬ ‫ُﻮس‪َ ،‬وﻗَﺎ َل ﻟَ ٗﻪ‪ :‬اذْ َﻫ ْ‬ ‫َﺎم أ َﺣ ُﺪ اﻟ ُْﺠﻠ ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ ِ‬ ‫ِ َ َ ِ ُ َ َِّ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫رﺟ ٍﻞ ّﻣِﻦ ا ﱰ ْﱳَﻋﺮاب‪ ،‬وكَﻠِ ّﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺈن ﻟَّﻢ ﻳﻌﺮ ْ َ‬
‫ﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ َو�َﻠ َْﺒ َت َﻨﺎ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ َز َﻋ ْﻤ َ‬ ‫ِﻦ اﻟ َْﻌ َﺠ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻘ َْﺪ ﻧَ َﺠ ْﺤ َ‬ ‫ﻚﻣ َ‬ ‫ف أﻧ ّ َ َ‬ ‫ْ َ ِ َ ْ ُ ِ ْ ْ َْ ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ُ‬
‫ﺎب‪ ،‬ﺗَﻘُﻮ ُل‪َ :‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺎب‪ ،‬ﻓ َِﺈذَا ا ﺑْ َﻨ ُﺔ ا ﱰ ْﱳ َ ْﻋ َﺮا� ِ ِيّ َو َرا َء اﻟ َْﺒ ِ‬‫ﺖ ا ﱰ ْﱳ َ ْﻋ َﺮا� ِ ِيّ‪َ ،‬و َﻃ َﺮ َق اﻟ َْﺒ َ‬ ‫َﺎر ِ�يُّ ِإ� َ ٰ� ﺑ َ ْﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟْﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﻓَﺬَ َﻫ َ‬
‫ﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺎك‪ .‬ﻓَﻘَﺎ ﻟ ِ‬
‫َﺖ ا ﻟ ِْب ْﻨ ُ‬ ‫ﻳﺪ أ َ ْن أ َ ٰرى أَﺑَ ِ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ِﻦ اﻟ َْﻌ َﺮ ِب‪َ ،‬وأ ِر ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫َﺎر ِ�يُّ‪ :‬أﻧَﺎ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ ّﻣ َ‬ ‫ﺎب؟ ﻓَ َﺮ َّد اﻟْﻔ ِ‬ ‫ِﺑﺎ ﻟ َْﺒ ِ‬
‫"أَ�ِي ﻓَﺎ َء إِ�َ� اﻟْﻔ ََﻴﺎ�ِي‪ ،‬ﻓ َِﺈذَا ﻓَﺎ َء اﻟْ� َ ْي ُء ﻓَﺎ َء‪".‬‬
‫َﱮم أَ� ٰی(‬ ‫�ﺻ ْﺤ َﺮا ِء‪ ،‬ﻓ َِﺈذَا َﺣ َّﻞ ا َّ‬
‫�ﻇﲎ ُ‬
‫َ َ‬
‫) َو� ِيَ ﺗ َ ْﻌ�ِي أ َّن أﺑَﺎ َﻫﺎ ذَ َﻫ َ‬
‫ﺐ ِإ�َ� ا َّ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺐ؟! ﻓَ َﺮ ّد َْت َ�ﻠ َْﻴﻪِ‪ :‬أ�ِي ﻓَﺎ َء ِإ�َ� اﻟْﻔ ََﻴﺎ�ِي‪ ،‬ﻓ َِﺈذَا ﻓَﺎ َء اﻟْ� َ ْي ُء ﻓَﺎ َء‪ .‬ﻓَﺄ َﺧﺬَ اﻟْﻔ ِ‬
‫َﺎر ِ�يُّ‬ ‫ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل َ� َﻬﺎ‪ِ :‬إ� ٰی أ ْﻳ َﻦ ذَ َﻫ َ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺎب؟!‬‫ﺎب‪َ ،‬ﺣ� ّٰی َﺳﲟَﻟَ ْ� َﻬﺎ أ ُّ� َﻬﺎ‪َ :‬ﻳﺎ ﺑ ُ َﻨ َّي�ِي‪َ ،‬ﻣﻦ ِﺑﺎ ﻟ َْﺒ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺐ ﻣِﻦ َو َرا ِء اﻟ َْﺒ ِ‬ ‫ُﻳ َﺮا ِﺟ ُﻊ ا ّ ِ‬
‫�ﻃ ْﻔﻠ َ َﺔ َو� َ ْﺴﲟ ُل‪َ ،‬و� ِيَ ﺗ ُ ِﺠ ُ‬
‫ﺎب َﻳﺎ أُ� ِ ّي!‬ ‫َ‬
‫�ﻃ ْﻔﻠ َ ُﺔ‪ :‬أ ْﻋ َﺠ�ِيٌّ �َ�َ� اﻟ َْﺒ ِ‬ ‫ﻓَ َﺮ ّد َِت ا ّ ِ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪43‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺚ َﻋ َﺸ َﺮ )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ ُﻘﻠ ُْﻮ ِب(‬

‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫ار ِح‪َ .‬و�ِيَ َﺳ ْﺒ َﻌ ٌﺔ ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ ﻟِﻠ َْﻴ ِﻘ ْﰿ ِﻦ َو ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺎﻟﺠ َﻮ ِ‬‫� ُ َﺴ� َّ� أﻓ َْﻌﺎ َل اﻟ ُﻘﻠ ُْﻮ ِب ﱰﱳ� َّ َﻬﺎ ﺗ َ َﺘ َﻌﻠ ّ ُﻖ ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻘﻠ َْﺐ َو ﻟ َْي َﺲ ِﺑ َ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟﻤبْ َﺘ َﺪأ َ َواﻟ َﺨ َﰊ َﺮ كِﻠ َْ� ِﻬ َﻤﺎ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ًء َ��َ�‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﻤ َّﻴ ِﺔ ﻓَ َت ْ� ِﺻ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ ْ‬ ‫ُﻞ �َ�َ� ْ‬ ‫ﻚ َو ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ ُﻣ ْﺸ َﰐ َﺮكٌ ﺑ َ ْي َ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَ َﺘ ْﺪﺧ ُ‬ ‫ِﻠﺸ ِ ّ‬
‫ﻟ َ‬
‫َﺎﺻ ْﻴ َ� َﻬﺎ � ِ ْي ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ِﺔ � ُُﺻ ْﻮ ٍل َو�ِيَ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ َﻳ� ِْي‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮﻟ َِّﻴﺔِ‪َ .‬ﺳ َﻨﺬْ ﻛ ُُﺮ ﺗَﻔ ِ‬
‫أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ ُﻘﻠ ُْﻮ ِب‬
‫اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ ا ْ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺸ َﰐ َﺮكُ ﺑ َ ْي َ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻴ ِﻘ ْﰿ ِﻦ‬
‫أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل َ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ِ ّ‬
‫أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل َ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ْؤ َﻳ ُﺔ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫اﻟ ِﻌﻠ ُْﻢ‬ ‫ﺎن‬
‫اﻟ ِﺤ ْﺴ َﺒ ُ‬ ‫�ﻇ ُّﻦ‬
‫ا َ‬
‫اﻟﺰ ْﻋ ُﻢ‬
‫َ‬
‫ان‬
‫اﻟﻮ ْﺟ َﺪ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟ َﺨ َﻴﺎ ُل‬

‫ﻚ(‬
‫اﻟﺸ ِّ‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل َ‬
‫�ﻇ ُّﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ا َ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬اِ� ِ ّیْ ﱰَﱮ َُﻇ ُّﻨ َ‬
‫ﻚ ٰﻳ ُﻤ ْﻮ ٰ�ی َﻣ ْﺴ ُﺤ ْﻮ ًرا {‪.‬‬
‫ﺎن‪:‬‬
‫اﻟ ِﺤ ْﺴ َﺒ ُ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ِﻦ اﻟ َّﺘ َﻌ ُّﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻒ{‬ ‫ِﻞ ا َ ْﻏ ِن َﻴﺂ َء ﻣ َ‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻳَ ْﺤ َﺴ ُ� ُﻬ ُﻢ اﻟ َْﺠﺎﻫ ُ‬
‫اﻟ َﺨ َﻴﺎ ُل‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ َﻞ ﻛَﺬَّ ا ﺑًﺎ"‪.‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ِ " :‬ﺧﻠ ُْﺖ َ‬
‫"ا�ﻇ َّﻨﺔِ" ِﺑ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� "اﻟ ُ� ْﻬ َﻤﺔِ" ﻓَﲎ َﱮ َﻳ َﺘ َﻌ َّﺪى إذًا‬
‫ِﻦ َ‬ ‫ﻚ وإﻧَّ َﻤﺎ � ُْﺸﺘ َُّﻖ ﻣ ْ‬ ‫�ﻇ ُّﻦ" � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ِ ّ‬ ‫َوﻗ َْﺪ ﱰ َﱮ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن "ا َ‬
‫أي ا�َّ َﻬ ْﻤ ُﺘﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫إ�َ� اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮﻟَ ْﰿ ِﻦ وإﻧَّ َﻤﺎ َﻳ ْﻘ َ� ِﺻ ُﺮ َ��َ� َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ِل‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﻇ َن ْﻨ ُﺖ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ُﺪ َّو" ْ‬
‫اﻟﻴ ِﻘﰿْ ِﻦ(‬
‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي )أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل َ‬
‫َو�ِيَ ْأ� ًﺿﺎ ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟ ِﻌﻠ ُْﻢ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺐ َو اﻟْ ِﺤﻜ َْﻤ َﺔ {‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و ُﻳ َﻌ ِﻠ ّ ُ� ُﻬ ُﻢ اﻟْ ِﳉ ٰﺘ َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪44‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ْؤ َﻳ ُﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻟَّ َﺮا َ ْﻳ َﺘ ٗﻪ َﺧ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺷ ًﻌﺎ ُّﻣ َ� َﺻ ّ ِﺪ�ًﺎ{‬
‫ان‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻮ ْﺟ َﺪ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻟ ََﻮ َﺟ ُﺪوا ّٰ َ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ ﺗ َ َّﻮا ﺑًﺎ َّر ِﺣ ْﻴ ًﻤﺎ {‬
‫اﻟﻴ ِﻘ ْﰿ ِﻦ ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﺗ َ َﺘ َﻌ ّٰﺪى إ� ٰی َﻣﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮﻟَ ْﰿ ِﻦ َوإﻧَّﻤﺎ َﻳ ْﻘ َ� ِﺻ ُﺮ‬ ‫َوإذَا ﻟ َْﻢ � ُْﺴ َﺘ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ ﻫ ِﺬه اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟﺜَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ُﺔ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌ ِﺮﻓَﺔِ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻓَﺎ َ ّﻣَﺎ اﻟَّ ِﺬ ْﻳ َﻦ ا َٰﻣ ُﻨ ْﻮا ﻓ ََﻴ ْﻌﻠ َُﻤ ْﻮ َن‬
‫َ�� ٰی َﻣﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ٍل َوا ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪ .‬ﻓَﻘ َْﺪ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن اﻟ ِﻌﻠ ُْﻢ ﺑِ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� ْ‬
‫ﺎر" ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻓَﺎ� ُْﻇ ْﺮ َﻣﺎ َذا‬
‫"اﱰﱴ� َﺻ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫أي َﻳ ْﻌ ِﺮﻓ ُْﻮ َن‪َ .‬وﺗ َ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ُ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ْؤ َﻳ ُﺔ ِﺑ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ�‬ ‫ا َﻧَّ ُﻪ اﻟ َْﺤ ُّﻖ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ َّر ِ ّ� ِﻬ ْﻢ{ ْ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ ا َ ْن‬ ‫ان ﺑِ َﻤ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫اﱰﱴﺻﺎ ﺑ َ ِﺔ واﻟ ُ� ُﺻ ْﻮ ِل ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ﻗَﺎ َل َﻣ َﻌﺎذَ ّٰ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻮ ْﺟ َﺪ ُ‬ ‫أي ﺗ ُ ْ� ِﺻ ُﺮ‪َ .‬وﻗ َْﺪ َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ِ‬ ‫ﺗ َ ٰﺮى{ ْ‬
‫أﺻبْ َﻨﺎ‪.‬‬‫أي َ‬
‫ن{ ْ‬ ‫ﻧَّﺎ ْ ُﺧﺬَ اِ ﱰَّﱮ َﻣ ْﻦ َّو َﺟ ْﺪﻧَﺎ َﻣ َﺘﺎ َﻋ َﻨﺎ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ۤ ٗه اِ ﻧَّﺎ ۤ اِ ًذا ّ�َ ٰﻇ ِﻠ ُﻤ ْﻮ َ ۠‬
‫ﻟﻤﺸﰐَ َﺮﻛَﺔ ﺑَ ْي َ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ(‬ ‫اﻟ� َْﺻ ُﻞ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ﺚ )اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل ا ْ‬
‫أي‬
‫ﺎن َﺷﻜ ُْﻮ ًرا" ْ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْ� َﻃ َ‬
‫ﺖ َ‬ ‫أي ﺗ َ َﻴ َّﻘ ْﻨ ُ‬
‫ﺖ َو" َز َﻋ ْﻤ ُ‬ ‫"اﻟﺰ ْﻋ ُﻢ"‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ز َﻋ ْﻤ ُﺖ ا ُ‬
‫ﷲ َﻏﻔ ُْﻮ ًرا" ْ‬ ‫َو ُﻫ َﻮ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ِ‬‫اﻟﻴ ِﻘ ْﰿ ِﻦ َو َ‬
‫ْﺖ‪ُ �َ .‬ﻬ َﻮ ُﻣ ْﺸ َﰐ َﺮكٌ ﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ َ‬
‫َﺷ َﻜﻜ ُ‬

‫َ� ِﻃ ْﻴ َﻔ ٌﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ِﻮ ﻳَّ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﺎل اﻟﻤﺬْ ﻛ ُْﻮ َر ِة إ�َ� اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮﻟَ ْﰿ ِﻦ إذَا ْ‬
‫اﺳ ُﺘ ْﻌ ِﻤﻠ َْﺖ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� "أﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺗ َ َﻌ ّ ِﺪي ك ُ ِ ّ‬
‫ﻞ اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬ ‫َﻳ ِﺠ ُ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫اﻟ ُﻘﻠ ُْﻮ ِب"‪.‬‬
‫ﺎل‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﻮا ُز‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﻴ ُﺠ ْﻮ ُز إ ْﻋ َﻤ ِ‬ ‫أو ﺗَﺄ َّﺧ َﺮ َﻋ ْ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ ﻓَﻘ َْﺪ َﺳ� ََﻂ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻮ ُﺟ ْﻮ ُب َوﺑَ� ِيَ َ‬ ‫أ ّﻣَﺎ إذَا ﺗ َ َﻮ َّ� َﻂ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮﻟَ ْﰿ ِﻦ ْ‬
‫وإ� َﻃﺎ ُل َﻋ َﻤ ِ� َﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ز ْﻳ ٌﺪ َﻇ َن ْﻨ ُﺖ ﻗَﺎﺋِ ٌﻢ" َو َﻳ ُﺠ ْﻮ ُز " َز ْﻳ ًﺪا َﻇ َن ْﻨ ُ‬
‫ﺖ ﻗَﺎﺋِ ًﻤﺎ" َو" َﺧﺎ ﻟ ٌِﺪ‬ ‫ﺎل اﻟ ُﻘﻠ ُْﻮ ِب ْ‬
‫أﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫�َﺎ ﻟ ٌِﻢ َر ْأﻳ ُﺖ" َو َﻳ ُﺠ ْﻮ ُز " َﺧﺎ ﻟ ًِﺪا �َﺎ ﻟ ًِﻤﺎ َر ْأﻳ ُﺖ"‪.‬‬
‫ﺎرا ُﻣ َﺘ َﻌ ّ ِﺪ َﻳ ْﰿ ِﻦ إ�َ� ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ ِﺔ َﻣﻔَﺎ ِﻋ ْﻴ َﻞ َﻣ َﻊ َﺟ َﻮ ِ‬
‫از‬ ‫ا�ﻬ ْﻤ َﺰةُ � ِ ْي "اﻟ ِﻌﻠ ِْﻢ" َو ُ‬
‫"اﻟﺮ ْؤ َﻳﺔِ" َﺻ َ‬ ‫إ َذا ِز ْﻳ َﺪ ِت َ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺄس‬‫ﺖ َز ْﻳ ًﺪا ﺑ َ ْﳉ ًﺮا َرا ِﺟ ًﻌﺎ"‪َ ،‬وﱰ َﱮ ﺑ َ َ‬ ‫ﺎر َ��َ� اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ِل‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪" :‬أ�ْﻠ َْﻤ ُ‬ ‫اﱰﱮﻗْ ِ� َﺻ ِ‬
‫ﺎر �َ�َ� اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮﻟَ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎر �َ�َ� اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل َّ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ِل َوﱰ َﱮ ﻳَ ُﺠ ْﻮ ُز اﱰﱮﻗْ ِ� َﺻ ُ‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﱰﱮﻗْ ِ� َﺻ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪45‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟ َﺘ ْﻤ ِﺮ ْﻳ ُﻦ )‪(3‬‬

‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﱰﱳول‬
‫إﺟﺎ ﺑَ ًﺔ � َِﺻﰿْ َﺮةً ﻟِك ُ ِ ّﻞ ُﺳ َﺆ ٍ‬
‫ال ِﻣ ّﻤَﺎ َﻳ� ِ ْي‪:‬‬ ‫اﱰﱳو ُل‪َ :‬ﺿ ْﻊ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل َّ‬
‫ُ‬
‫َﻣﺎ �ِيَ اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ َﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻ ُﺔ؟ اذْ ﻛ ُْﺮ ﺛَﲎ َﱮﺛ َ َﺔ ْ‬
‫أﻣ ِﺜﻠ َ ٍﺔ ِﻣ ْ� َﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫َﺎرﺑَﺔِ؟‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘ َ‬ ‫ﺎل ُ‬ ‫ﺎل اﻟ َّﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻ ِﺔ َوأَﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫َﻣﺎ اﻟﻔ َْﺮ ُق ﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ اﱰﱳَﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫َ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠَﺔِ؟‬
‫ُﻮب �ِي ُ‬ ‫ﻛ َْﻴ َﻒ ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ ُﻘﻠ ِ‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫َ‬
‫اﺳ َﻤ ٗﻪ َو َﺧ َﰊ َﺮ ٗه‪.‬‬
‫َﺎر ٍب َو َﺣ ّ ِﺪ ِد ْ‬‫أ ْ� ِﻂ ِﻣﺜَﺎ ﱰ ًﱮ َ��َ� ِﻓ ْﻌ ٍﻞ ُﻣﻘ ِ‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ُﻮب َﻣﻔ ُْﻌﻮﻟَ ْﰿ ِﻦ؟‬ ‫ﻣ� ٰ� ﺗَ� ِﺻ َ‬
‫ﺐ أﻓ َْﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ ُﻘﻠ ِ‬ ‫َ ْ ُ‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫�ﺻ ِﺤﻴ َﺤ َﺔ ِﻣ ّﻤَﺎ ﺑَﰿْ َﻦ اﻟﻘ َْﻮ َﺳﰿْ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫اﱰﱴ َﺟﺎ ﺑَ َﺔ ا َّ‬ ‫َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟﺜّﺎ�ِي‪ :‬اِ ْﺧﰐَ ِﺮ ِ‬
‫ُّ‬
‫أن َﻳ ْﻨ َﺠﺢَ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ ْ‬ ‫ﺎر – ﻟَ ْي َﺲ( َ‬
‫ا�ﻃﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬ ‫‪) .1‬ك َ َ‬
‫ﲝد – َﺻ َ‬
‫اﻟﺪ ْر َس َ� ْﻬﲎ ًﱮ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﻌ ِﻠ ّ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫ﲝن – أ ْﺻ َﺒﺢَ ( ُ‬ ‫‪َ ) .2‬ﻇ َّﻦ –ك َ َ‬
‫ﻞ( اﻟﻠ َ ْﻴ ُﻞ أ َ ْن َﻳ ْن َ� ِ�يَ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻞ – ﻟَ َﻌ َّ‬
‫ﻚ – َﻇ َّ‬ ‫أو َﺷ َ‬
‫‪ْ ) .3‬‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ اﻟ ِ� َّﺻ َﺔ َواﻗِ ِﻌ َّﻴ ًﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻞ( َ‬ ‫ﺐ – َز َﻋ َﻢ – َﻇ َّ‬ ‫‪َ ) .4‬ﺣ ِﺴ َ‬
‫ﺐ ﻳَ ْﺮ ُ� ُ‬
‫ﺾ �ِ ُﺴ ْﺮ َﻋ ٍﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ( اﻟﲎ َﱮ ِﻋ ُ‬ ‫‪َ ) .5‬ﻣﺎ َزا َل –أ َﺧﺬَ – ْ‬
‫أو َﺷ َ‬
‫�ﺻ ِﺤ ْﻴ َﺤﺔِ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎﱰﱴﺟﺎ ﺑَ ِﺔ ا َ‬ ‫ﺚ‪ :‬أ ْﻛ ِﻤ ْﻞ اﻟﻔ ََﺮا� ِ‬
‫َﺎت ِﺑ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﲝن َوأ َﺧ َﻮا�ُ َﻬﺎ �َ� َ� ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠ َ ِﺔ ‪..........‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﺗ َ ْﺪ ُﺧ ُﻞ ك َ َ‬
‫ﺎل ‪..........‬‬ ‫ﻚ َو َﻋ ٰ�� ِﻣ ْﻦ أﻓْ َﻌ ِ‬ ‫‪ .2‬ك َ َ‬
‫ﲝد َوأ ْو َﺷ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺎل ‪..........‬‬ ‫ﺐ َو َ� ِﻠ َﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ أﻓْ َﻌ ِ‬‫‪َ .3‬ﻇ َّﻦ َو َﺣ ِﺴ َ‬
‫ﺐ ‪..........‬‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺗ َ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﱰﱳﻓْ َﻌﺎ ُل اﻟ َﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻ ُﺔ ً‬
‫اﺳﻤﺎ وﺗ َ ْ� ِﺻ ُ‬
‫ﱮم اﻟ ُﺠ ُﺤ ْﻮ ِد ﺗ َ ْﺪ ُﺧ ُﻞ �َ� َ� اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ ‪..........‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﱰ َ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪46‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟ ُﺠ ْﺰ ُء اﻟﺜَﺎ�ِيْ‬
‫ﺎﺳ َﺒ َﺔ � ِ ْي اﻟﻔ ََﺮا� ِ‬
‫َﺎت اﻟ َﺘﺎ ﻟِ َﻴ ِﺔ‬ ‫اﱰﱳو ُل‪َ :‬ﺿ ْﻊ اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌﺎ َل اﻟ َﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻ َﺔ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل َّ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ﺎس‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .......... .1‬اﻟ ِﻌﻠْ ُﻢ ﻧُ ْﻮ ًرا َ� ْﻬ َﺘ ِﺪ ْ‬
‫ي ِﺑﻪ اﻟ َﻨ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ُﻦ َﺻﺎ ِدﻗًﺎ � ِ ْي ﻗَ ْﻮﻟِﻪ َو َﻋ َﻤ ِﻠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ُ .......... .2‬‬
‫ﺎم‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ُﻣ ْﺠ َ� ِﻬ ًﺪا ِﻃ َﻮا َل َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َ‬ ‫ا�ﻃﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫‪َ .......... .3‬‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ َﻛ ِﺮ ْﻳ ًﻤﺎ ﺑ َ ْﰿ َﻦ ْ‬
‫أﺻ ِﺪﻗَﺎﺋِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ .......... .4‬‬
‫ﺎر ًدا ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ اﻟ ُﻐ ُﺮ ْو ِب‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺠ ُّﻮ ﺑ َ ِ‬
‫‪َ .......... .5‬‬
‫ﺎﺳ َﺒ َﺔ � ِ ْي اﻟ ُﺠ َﻤ ِﻞ اﱰﱯﺗِ َﻴﺔِ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻨ ِ‬
‫َﺎرﺑَ ِﺔ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي‪َ :‬ﺿ ْﻊ أﻓ َْﻌﺎ َل ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘ َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫أن َﻳ ْﳉ َﺘ ِﻤ َﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .......... .1‬اﻟ َﻘ َﻤ ُﺮ ْ‬
‫أن َ� ْه ِﻃ َﻞ َﻗ ِﺮ ْﻳ ًﺒﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟ� َﻃ ُﺮ ْ‬‫‪َ .......... .2‬‬
‫اﻟﺴ ِﻔ ْي َﻨ ُﺔ ْ‬
‫أن ﺗ َ ْﺮ ُﺳ َﻮ � ِ ْي اﻟ ِﻤ ْي َﻨﺎ ِء‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ .......... .3‬‬
‫أن ﺗ َ ْﻘﻠ َ َﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ا�ﻃﺎﺋِ َﺮةُ ْ‬
‫‪َ .......... .4‬‬
‫ﺎل‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ َو َرا َء اﻟ ِﺠ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫ﻟﺸ ْﻤ ُﺲ ْ‬
‫أن ﺗ َ ِﻐ ْﻴ َ‬ ‫‪ .......... .5‬ا َ‬

‫ﺎﺳ َﺒﺔِ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫ام أﻓْ َﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺎل اﻟ ُﻘﻠ ُْﻮ ِب ُ‬ ‫ﺚ‪ :‬أ ْﻛ ِﻤ ْﻞ اﻟﻔ ََﺮا� ِ‬
‫َﺎت ِﺑﺎ ْﺳ ِﺘ ْﺨ َﺪ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ﺎح‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻤﺎ َء َﺻﺎ ﻓِ َﻴ ًﺔ � ِ ْي َ‬
‫ا�ﺻ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫ﺎس َ‬‫‪ .......... .1‬اﻟ َﻨ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﺴ َﺮ َﻣ ِﺘ ْي ًﻨﺎ ﻗَ ْﺒ َﻞ ْ‬
‫أن َﻳ ُﻤ َّﺮ َ�ﻠ َ ْﻴ ِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ َ‬
‫‪َ .......... .2‬‬
‫ﺎن َ� ْﻬﲎ ًﱮ ﻟ ٰ ِﳉ َّﻨﻪ ﻓُ ْﻮ ِ�ئ َ ﺑِ ُ‬
‫ﺎ�ﺻ ُﻌ ْﻮﺑ َ ِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﱰﱮﻣ ِﺘ َﺤ َ‬
‫ﺐ ْ‬ ‫ا�ﻃﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫‪َ .......... .3‬‬
‫ﲝﺳ ًّﻴﺎ ﻟِﻠْ َﺤ َﻴﺎ ِة‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎ َء ُﻋ ْ� ُﺻ ًﺮا َ‬
‫أﺳ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠ َ َﻤﺎ ُء َ‬
‫‪ُ .......... .4‬‬
‫‪ .......... .5‬اﻟك َﲝ ﺗِ ُ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟ ِ� َّﺻ َﺔ ُﻣ ْﻤ ِﺘ َﻌ ًﺔ ﻓَ َﻘ َﺮأ َﻫﺎ ك َﲝ ِﻣﻠ َ ًﺔ‪.‬‬
‫َﺎرﺑَﺔِ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ﺑِ ُﻊ‪َ :‬ﺣ ِّﻮ ْل اﻟ ُﺠ َﻤ َﻞ اﱰﱯﺗِ َﻴ َﺔ إ�َ� ْ‬
‫أﺳﻠ ُْﻮ ٍب َﻳ َ� َﺿ َّﻤ ُﻦ أﻓ َْﻌﺎ َل ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل َ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ﻟﺸ ْﻤ ُﺲ � ُ ْﺸ ِﺮ ُق � ِ ْي اﱰﱳ ُﻓُ ِﻖ‪→...............................‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ا َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪47‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺒ ْﺤ ِﺮ‪→...............................‬‬
‫ﺎر ُب َﻳ ْﻐ َﺮ ُق � ِ ْي َ‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟ َﻘ ِ‬
‫اﺟ ِﺔ‪→...............................‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ � َ ْﺴ ُ� ُﻂ َﻋ ْﻦ َ‬
‫اﻟﺪ َّر َ‬ ‫‪َ .3‬‬
‫‪ .4‬اﻟ َﻐ ْي ُﻢ َﻳ ْ� ُﻃ ُﺮ ﻗَ ِﺮ ْﻳ ًﺒﺎ‪→...............................‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻟ َﻘﺎﺋِ ُﺪ َ� ِﺻ ُﻞ إ� َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ِﺪ ْﻳ َﻨ ِﺔ‪→...............................‬‬
‫ﺎل اﻟ َﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻ ِﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ‪ :‬أ ْﻋ ِﺮ ْب اﻟ ُﺠ َﻤ َﻞ اﱰﱯﺗِ َﻴ َﺔ َﻣ َﻊ ﺗ َ ْﺤ ِﺪ ْﻳ ِﺪ ْ‬
‫اﺳ ِﻢ َو َﺧﰊَ ِﺮ اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫َﺎرﺑَ ِﺔ َواﻟ ُﻘﻠ ُْﻮ ِب‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻘ َ‬
‫ﺎل ُ‬
‫وأﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫أن ﻳَ ْﳉ َﺘ ِﻤ َﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﲝد اﻟ َﻘ َﻤ ُﺮ ْ‬
‫‪ .1‬ك َ‬
‫ﺐ ُﻣ ْﺠ َ� ِﻬ ًﺪا‪.‬‬‫ا�ﻃﺎ ﻟِ َ‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﻇ َّﻦ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻌ ِﻠ ّ ُﻢ َ‬
‫أن َ� ْه َﻃ َﻞ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟ� َﻃ ُﺮ ْ‬
‫ﻚ َ‬ ‫أو َﺷ َ‬
‫‪ْ .3‬‬
‫ﻟﺸ ْﻤ َﺲ �َﺎﺋِ َﺒ ًﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺎس ا َ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟ َﻨ ُ‬
‫‪َ .4‬ﺣ ِﺴ َ‬
‫أن َﻳ ُﻌ َّﻢ اﻟ َﺠ ِﻤ ْﻴ َﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪َ .5‬ﻋ َ�� اﻟ َﺨ ْﰿ ُﺮ ْ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ َﺻﺎ ِدﻗًﺎ � ِ ْي َﺣ ِﺪ ْﻳ ِﺜﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﲝن َ‬‫‪ .6‬ك َ َ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ اﻟ ِ� َّﺻ َﺔ َﺣ ِﻘ ْﻴ ِﻘ َّﻴ ًﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪َ .7‬ز َﻋ َﻢ َ‬
‫اﻟﺪ ْر َس �ﻬﲎ ًﱮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ َ‬ ‫‪َ .8‬ﺟ َﻌ َﻞ َ‬
‫ا�ﻃﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫ي َ��َ� اﱰﱳﻓْ َﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺎل اﻟ َﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻﺔِ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس‪َ :‬ﺣ ِّﻮ ْل اﻟ ُﺠ َﻤ َﻞ اﱰﱯﺗِ َﻴ َﺔ إ�َ� ُﺟ َﻤ ٍﻞ ﺗ َ ْﺤ َﺘ ِﻮ ْ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل َ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ﻟﺠ ُّﻮ ُﻣ ْﻌ َﺘ ِﺪ ٌل‪→................................‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ا َ‬
‫‪ .2‬ا� ِﻃ ْﻔ ُﻞ ﻧَﺎﺋِ ٌﻢ � ِ ْي َﺳ ِﺮ ْﻳ ِﺮه‪→................................‬‬
‫ﺎرةُ َﺳ ِﺮ ْﻳ َﻌ ٌﺔ‪→................................‬‬
‫اﻟﺴ َّﻴ َ‬
‫‪َ .3‬‬
‫ا�ﻃﺎﺋِ ُﺮ ُﻣ َﺤ ِﻠ ّ ٌﻖ � ِ ْي َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﻤﺎ ِء‪→................................‬‬ ‫‪َ .4‬‬
‫اﻟﺒ ْﺤ ُﺮ َﻫﺎﺋِﺞٌ ‪→................................‬‬
‫‪َ .5‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻠ�ﻇﻴﺔ ‪/‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪48‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫َﺎرﺑَ ِﺔ َواﻟ ُﻘﻠ ُْﻮ ِب � ِ ْي‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘ َ‬
‫ﺎل ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِﺑ ُﻊ‪َ :‬ﺿ ْﻊ ك ُ َّﻞ ﻓِ ْﻌ ٍﻞ ِﻣ ْﻦ اﱰﱳﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺎل اﻟ َﻨﺎ ِ� َﺻ ِﺔ وأﻓ َْﻌ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﺆا ُل َ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ُﺟ ْﻤﻠ َ ٍﺔ ُﻣ ِﻔ ْﻴ َﺪ ٍة‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ك َ َ‬
‫ﲝن ‪....................‬‬
‫‪ .2‬أ ْﺻ َﺒﺢَ ‪....................‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ك َ َ‬
‫ﲝد ‪....................‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪....................‬‬
‫أو َﺷ َ‬
‫‪ْ .4‬‬
‫‪َ .5‬ﻇ َّﻦ ‪....................‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪....................‬‬
‫‪َ .6‬ﺣ ِﺴ َ‬
‫‪َ .7‬ز َﻋ َﻢ ‪....................‬‬
‫‪َ .8‬ﺧﺎ َل ‪....................‬‬
‫‪َ .9‬ﺟ َﻌ َﻞ ‪....................‬‬
‫‪َ .10‬و َﺟ َﺪ ‪....................‬‬

‫أن ﺗَﺘَكﻠ َّ َﻢ‬

‫أردت ْ‬
‫َ‬ ‫وكﲝن ﻟَ ٗﻪ ا ﺑ ٌﻦ ﻓﻘﺎ َل ﱰﱮﺑ ِﻨﻪِ‪ :‬إذا‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪َ ،‬‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺎن ﺷﻴ ٌﺦ َﻳ َﺘﻌﺎ�� اﻟ َّﻨ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫كﲝن ِ� ِﺴ ِﺠ‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺧﺮج اﻟكَﻠِﻤ َﺔ ُﻣﻘ ََّﻮﻣ ًﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫َﺎﻋﺮﺿ ُﻪ ��� ﻋﻘﻠِ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪ ،‬وﻓَ ِّﳉ ْﺮ ﻓﻴ ِﻪ ِﺑ�ﻬ ِﺪكَ ‪ ،‬ﺣ�� ﺗُﻘ َِّﻮ َﻣ ٗﻪ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ أ ِ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫�ِ�ي ٍء ﻓ‬
‫َﻌﺖ َﺷﺮارةٌ �ي ُﺟ َّﺒ ِﺔ َﺧ ٍّﺰ‬ ‫ﺎر ﺗ َ َّﺘ ِﻘ ُﺪ‪ ،‬وﻗ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺘﺎ ِء‪ ،‬واﻟ َّﻨ ُ‬ ‫ِﺴﲝن �ي ﺑَ� ِﺾ اﱰﱳ َ ّﻳ ِ‬
‫َﺎم �ي ِ ّ‬ ‫ﻓ ََﺒيﻨﻤﺎ ُﻫﻤﺎ ﺟﺎ ﻟ ِ‬
‫أن‬ ‫أرﻳﺪ ْ‬‫ﺖ‪ُ ،‬‬ ‫َﺖ ﺳﲝ َﻋ ًﺔ ُﻳ َﻔ ِّﳉ ُﺮ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎ َل‪ :‬ﻳﺎ أَﺑ َ ِ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﻜ َ‬‫وﻫﻮ �ﺎﻓ ٌﻞ واﱰﱮﺑ ُﻦ َﻳﺮاهُ‪َ ،‬‬
‫َ‬
‫كﲝﻧَ ْﺖ ��� اﱰﱳ ِب َ‬
‫إن َﺣ ًّﻘﺎ ﻓَ َﺘكَﻠ َّ ْﻢ‪ .‬ﻗﺎ َل‪ :‬أَراهُ َﺣ ًّﻘﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎ َل‪ :‬ﻗُ ْﻞ‪ .‬ﻗﺎ َل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮهُ‪ْ :‬‬
‫َ‬
‫أﻗﻮ َل ﺷي ًﺌﺎ ﻓ َﺘﺄذَ َن �ي ﻓﻴﻪِ؟ ﻗﺎ َل أ ُ‬
‫َ‬

‫ﻚ‪ .‬ﻓَ َ� َﻇ َﺮ اﱰﱳ َ ُب إ�� ُﺟبَّ ِﺘﻪ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬

‫َﻌﺖ �ي ُﺟبَّ ِﺘ َ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ؟ ﻗﺎ َل‪َ :‬ﺷﺮار ٌة وﻗ ْ‬ ‫ﺣﻤ َﺮ‪ .‬ﻗﺎ َل‪ :‬وﻣﺎ َ‬ ‫إ� ِ ّي أرى ﺷي ًﺌﺎ أ َ‬
‫ﺮت ﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺮﻳﻌﺎ؟ ﻗﺎ َل‪ :‬ﻓَ َّﳉ ُ‬ ‫ﰐﺮ َق ﻣ�ﻬﺎ ِ�ﻃﻌ ٌﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎ َل ﻟﲎﱮﺑ ِﻦ‪ :‬ﻟ َِﻢ ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُﻌ ِﻠ ْﻤ�ي َﺳ ً‬ ‫وﻗﺪ اﺣ َ‬
‫ﺤﻮ أَﺑَ ًﺪا!‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻓﺤﻠ ََﻒ أﺑﻮهُ أن ﱰﱮ َﻳ َﺘكَﻠ َّ َﻢ ِﺑﺎﻟ َّﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﲎﱮم وﺗَكَﻠ َّ ُ‬
‫ﻤﺖ‪َ .‬‬ ‫ﻣﺖ اﻟك َ َ‬
‫أ َﻣﺮﺗ َ�ي‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻗ ََّﻮ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪49‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪50‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﱰﱳو ُل )اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ(‬

‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َّ‬
‫أﻣ ًﺮا ْ‬
‫أو‬ ‫ﺎر�ًﺎ‪ْ ،‬‬
‫أو ُ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺿ ًﻴﺎ ْ‬
‫أو ُﻣ َﺘ َﻌ ّ ِﺪ ًﻳﺎ‪َ ،‬ﻣ ِ‬
‫َﱮز ًﻣﺎ ْ‬
‫َﲝن ﱰ ِ‬ ‫اد ﻣِﻦ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ ُﻫ َﻨﺎ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ ا ُ‬
‫ﻟ� ْﻃﻠ َ ُﻖ َﺳ َﻮا ٌء ك َ‬ ‫ﻟﻤ َﺮ ُ‬
‫ا ُ‬
‫ﷲ{‪.‬‬‫ﻞ ﻓِ ْﻌ ٍﻞ َﻳ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ ﻓَﺎ ِ�ﻠ َﻪ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬ﻗَﺎ َل ا ُ‬‫� َْﻬ ًﻴﺎ‪ .‬ك ُ ُّ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ َل ِﺑﻪ ْأ� ًﺿﺎ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و ا ﺗ َّ َﺨﺬَ ّٰ ُ‬

‫اﻪﻠﻟ اِ ﺑْ ٰﺮ ِﻫ ْی َﻢ َﺧ ِﻠ ْﻴﲎ ًﱮ {‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ َ‬ ‫َﲝن اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ ُﻣ َﺘ َﻌ ّ ِﺪ ًﻳﺎ َﻳ ْ� ِﺻ ُ‬
‫وإذَا ك َ‬

‫َ� ِﻃ ْﻴ َﻔ ٌﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ِﻮ ﻳَّ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬

‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ َر أ ْﺻ ٌﻞ َواﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ َﻞ‬
‫إن َ‬ ‫أو اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ؟ ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل َ‬
‫اﻟ� ْﺻ ِﺮ ُّﻳ ْﻮ َن َّ‬ ‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ِر َﻫ ْﻞ ُﻫ َﻮ أ ْﺻ ٌﻞ ْ‬
‫ا ْﺧ َﺘﻠ ََﻒ اﻟ ُﻨ َﺤﺎةُ � ِ ْي َ‬
‫إن ا ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ َﻞ أ ْﺻ ٌﻞ َو َ‬
‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ َر ﻓَ ْﺮعٌ ﻟَ ٗﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓَ ْﺮعٌ ﻟَ ٗﻪ‪َ ،‬وﻗَﺎ َل اﻟﻜ ُْﻮﻓِ ّﻴ ُْﻮ َن َّ‬

‫)اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ُر(‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ�ِيْ َ‬
‫اﺳ ِﻢ َﺣ َﺪ ٍث ا ْﺷﺘ َّ‬
‫ُﻖ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ‪َ ،‬و� ُ َﺴ� َّ� َ� ْﺻ َﺪ ًرا �ِ ُﺻ ُﺪ ْو ِر اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪ .‬ﻳَ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ُر َﻋ َﻤ َﻞ‬ ‫ﻞ ْ‬‫ُﻫ َﻮ ك ُ ُّ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ َل ِﺑﻪ ْأ� ًﺿﺎ �ِ َﺸ ْﺮ َﻃ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﺐ َ‬ ‫َﲝن ُﻣ َﺘ َﻌ ّ ِﺪ ًﻳﺎ � ََﺻ َ‬ ‫ِﻞ ﻓَ� َْﻂ ْ‬
‫وإن ك َ‬ ‫َﱮز ًﻣﺎ َرﻓَ َﻊ اﻟﻔَﺎ� َ‬‫َﲝن اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ ﱰ ِ‬‫ﻓﺈن ك َ‬‫ِﻓ ْﻌ ِﻠﻪ‪ْ ،‬‬
‫ِﻞ َ��َ� َ‬
‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ِر‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬أﱰَّﱮ َﻳ َﺘﻘ ََّﺪ َم اﻟﻔَﺎ� ُ‬
‫أﱰَّﱮ ﻳَ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن اﻟﻔَﺎ� ُ‬
‫ِﻞ َﺿ ِﻤ ْﰿ ًﺮا ُﻣ ْﺴ َتﰐِ ًﺮا‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺎس ﺑ َ ْ� َض ُﻬ ْﻢ ِﺑ َﺒ ْ� ٍﺾ{‪ ،‬ﻓَـ"ا ُ‬
‫ﷲ" َﻣ ْﺠ ُﺮ ْو ٌر ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ� َْﻆ َﻣ ْﺮﻓ ُْﻮعٌ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬و ﻟ َْﻮﱰ َﱮ َدﻓْ ُﻊ ا ِ‬
‫ﷲ اﻟ َﻨ َ‬
‫ﺎس" َﻣ ْ� ُﺻ ْﻮ ٌب َ��َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮﻟ َِّﻴ ِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻞ َ��َ� اﻟﻔَﺎ�ِ ِﻠ َّﻴ ِﺔ َو"اﻟ َﻨ َ‬
‫ﺑِﺎ ﻟ َْﻤ َﺤ ِ ّ‬
‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ِر إ�َ� ﻓَﺎ�ِ ِﻠﻪ ﻓ ََﻌ�َ� َﺧ ْﻤ َﺴ ِﺔ أﻧْ َﻮ ٍ‬
‫اع‪:‬‬ ‫إﺿﺎ ﻓَ ُﺔ َ‬
‫أ ّﻣَﺎ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِﺑ ِﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺎل َ‬‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ُر إ�َ� ﻓَﺎ�ِ ِﻠﻪ ﺛ ُ َّﻢ ﻳَﺄ� ِ ْي َﻣﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮﻟُﻪ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ � ِ ْي اﻟ ِﻤﺜَ ِ‬
‫ﺎف َ‬‫أن ُ� َﺿ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫‪.i‬‬
‫ام‬ ‫"ﺳ ِﺮ ْر ُت ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ إﻛ َْﺮ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ُر إ�َ� اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ ﻓَ� َْﻂ ُد ْو َن ِذ ﻛ ِْﺮ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪ُ :‬‬ ‫ﺎف َ‬‫أن ُ� َﺿ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫‪.ii‬‬
‫َﻋ ْﻤ ٍﺮو"‪.‬‬
‫أن � ُ ْﺸ َﺮ َب‬
‫أي َر ْأﻳ َﺖ ْ‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ :‬‬
‫"ر ْأﻳ ُﺖ ُﺷ ْﺮ َب َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎ َء" ْ‬ ‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ُر إ�َ� ﻧَﺎﺋِ ِ‬
‫ﺎف َ‬‫أن ُ� َﺿ َ‬‫ْ‬ ‫‪.iii‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎ ُء‪.‬‬
‫َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪51‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺎب َز ْﻳ ٌﺪ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ َدﻓْ َﻊ َ‬
‫اﻟﺒ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل ﺛ ُ َّﻢ َﻳﺄ� ِ ْي ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ ُه اﻟﻔَﺎ� ُ‬
‫ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ر ْأﻳ َ‬ ‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ُر إ�َ� َ‬
‫ﺎف َ‬ ‫أن ُ� َﺿ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫‪.iv‬‬
‫ﲝن ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ‬ ‫ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬ﱰ َﱮ � َ ْﺴﲟ َ ُم اﱰﱴ� َْﺴ ُ‬
‫ف اﻟﻔَﺎ� ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل َو ُﻳ ْﺤﺬَ َ‬ ‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ُر إ�َ� َ‬
‫ﺎف َ‬ ‫أن ُ� َﺿ َ‬ ‫‪.v‬‬
‫أي ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ ُد َ�ﺎﺋِﻪ اﻟ َﺨ ْﰿ َﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ُد َ�ﺎ ِء اﻟ َﺨ ْﰿ ِﺮ{ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل‪.‬‬ ‫َﱮز ًﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﱰﱳﻧَّ ٗﻪ ﱰ َﱮ ُﻳ ْﻤﻜ ُ‬
‫ِﻦ ِﺣ ْﻴ َن ِﺌ ٍﺬ � ََﺻ ُّﻮ ُر َ‬ ‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ُر ﱰ ِ‬
‫َﲝن َ‬
‫ا�ﺻ َﻮ ُر إذَا ك َ‬ ‫َوﱰ َﱮ ﺗ َ ْﺠ ِﺮ ْ‬
‫ي ﻫ ِﺬه ُ‬

‫)اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ(‬

‫ﺚ ْ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ ﻟِ ُ‬
‫َﲝن‬
‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ِر ﻓﺈذَا ك َ‬
‫ْﻞ َ‬ ‫ِﻞ َﻋ َﻤ َﻞ ﻓِ ْﻌ ِﻠﻪ ِﻣﺜ َ‬ ‫ات َﻣ ْﻦ ﻗ َ‬
‫َﺎم ِﺑﻪ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ‪ .‬ﻳَ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ُ‬ ‫اﺳ ٍﻢ ا ْﺷﺘ َُّﻖ ﻟِﺬَ ِ‬
‫ﻞ ْ‬ ‫ُﻫ َﻮ ك ُ ُّ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ َل ِﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺐ َ‬ ‫ي � ََﺻ َ‬‫اﻟﻤ َﺘ َﻌ ّ ِﺪ ْ‬ ‫َﲝن ُﻣ ْﺸ َﺘ ًّﻘﺎ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌﻞ ُ‬ ‫َﱮز ِم َرﻓَ َﻊ اﻟﻔَﺎ� َﻞ ﻓَ� َْﻂ وإ َذا ك َ‬
‫ِﻦ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟﲎ ِ‬ ‫ُﻣ ْﺸ َﺘ ًّﻘﺎ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ﺚ َﻋ َﻤﻠ َ ِﻪ َ��َ� ﻧَ ْﻮ َ� ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ِﻞ ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ َﺣ ْﻴ ُ‬ ‫ْأ� ًﺿﺎ‪َ .‬واﻟﻔَﺎ� ُ‬
‫َﱮم‪.‬‬
‫ف ﺑﺎﻟﲎ ِ‬ ‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻌ َّﺮ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫َﱮم‪.‬‬ ‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ �َ ْﰿ ُﺮ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻌ َّﺮ ِف ِﺑﺎﻟﲎ ِ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺎل‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل َ��َ� ِّ‬
‫أي َﺣ ٍ‬ ‫اﱰﱳو ُل ﻓ ََﻴ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ � ِ ْي اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ َو َ‬ ‫أ ّﻣَﺎ َّ‬
‫وأ ّﻣَﺎ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي ﻓَﲎ َﱮ ﻳَ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ إﱰَّﱮ �ِ َﺸ ْﺮ َﻃ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﲝ� َﻬ ِﺘﻪ ﺑِﺎ ﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ‬
‫ﺎل ﺗ َ ْﳉ ِﻤ ْﻴﲎ ًﱮ ﻟ ُِﻤ َﺸ َ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘﻘ َْﺒ ِ‬
‫أو ْ‬ ‫ﺎل ْ‬ ‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِ‬ ‫أن ﻳَ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن ْ‬ ‫‪ْ (1‬‬
‫ﺎر ِع‪.‬‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬
‫ُ‬
‫اﺳ َﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫أن � َ ْﺴ ِﺒ َﻖ ْ‬‫‪ْ (2‬‬
‫اﻟﻤبْ َﺘ َﺪأ ُ ﻓ ََﻴ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن َﺧ َﰊ ًﺮا َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫‪-‬أ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﻮ ُﺻ ْﻮ ِل ﻓ ََﻴ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ِﺻﻠ َ ًﺔ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫أو ْ‬‫ب ْ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ف ﻓ ََﻴ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ِﺻ َﻔ ًﺔ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﻮ ُﺻ ْﻮ ُ‬
‫أو َ‬‫ت ْ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺎل ﻓ ََﻴ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن َﺣﺎ ﱰ ًﱮ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِ‬
‫أو ذُ ْو َ‬
‫ث ْ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ� َْﻬ ُ‬
‫ﺎم‪.‬‬ ‫أو ْ‬ ‫أو اﻟﻨَ�ْيُ ْ‬
‫ج ْ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺎف إ�َ� َﻣﺎ ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ ٗه‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺬْ ﻛ ُْﻮ َر ْﻳ ِﻦ ﱰ َﱮ َﻳ ْﺒ�َ� ْ‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ �َﺎ ِﻣﲎ ًﱮ ﺑ َ ْﻞ ُ� َﺿ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ َﻃ ْﰿ ِﻦ َ‬
‫أﺣ ُﺪ َ‬
‫ﻓَﺈذَا ا ﻧْ َﻌ َﺪ َم َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪52‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ‬ ‫ِﻦ ٰﻫ ِﺬ ِه اﻟْﻘ َْﺮ َﻳ ِﺔ َّ‬
‫ا�ﻇﺎ ﻟ ِِﻢ ا َ ْﻫ ُ� َﻬﺎ{ ﻓ َ‬
‫َـ"ا�ﻇﺎ ﻟ ُِﻢ" ْ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬رﺑ َّ َﻨﺎ ۤ ا َ ْﺧ ِﺮ ْﺟ َﻨﺎ ﻣ ْ‬
‫َﱮف ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪َ } :‬ر ِّب ا ْﺟ َﻌﻠْ�ِیْ‬
‫ان‪ِ .‬ﺑ ِﺨﲎ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺬْ ﻛ ُْﻮ َر ِ‬
‫ﺎن َ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ َﻃ ِ‬ ‫اﺟﺪ ﻓِ ْﻴ ِﻪ َ‬ ‫َو"أ ْﻫ ُ� َﻬﺎ" َﻣ ْﺮﻓ ُْﻮعٌ َ��َ� اﻟﻔَﺎ�ِ ِﻠ َّﻴ ِﺔ َوﺗ َ َﻮ َ‬
‫ﲝﺑ َﻘﺔِ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺴ ِ‬
‫اﱰﱳﻣ ْﻮ ِر َ‬ ‫أﺣ ُﺪ ُ‬‫اﺳ َﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ " ُﻣ ِﻘ ْي َﻢ" َ‬ ‫ِﻦ ذُ ِّر َّﻳ�ِیْ{ ﻓﺈﻧَّﻪ ﻟ َْﻢ � َ ْﺴ ِﺒ ْﻖ ْ‬
‫ا�ﺻﻠٰﻮ ِة َو ﻣ ْ‬ ‫ُﻣ ِﻘ ْی َﻢ َّ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل(‬ ‫اﻟﺮا ِﺑ ُﻊ ْ‬

‫)اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْ� ُﻬ ْﻮ ِل ﻓَ َﰿ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ‬
‫ات َﻣ ْﻦ َوﻗَ َﻊ َ�ﻠ َْﻴ ِﻪ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ‪َ .‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َﻳ ْﻌ َﻤ َﻞ َﻋ َﻤ َﻞ ِﻓ ْﻌ ِﻠ ِﻪ َ‬ ‫اﺳ ٍﻢ ا ْﺷﺘ َّ‬
‫ُﻖ ﻟِﺬَ ِ‬ ‫ﻞ ْ‬‫ُﻫ َﻮ ك ُ ُّ‬
‫ﺚ َﻋ َﻤ ِﻠﻪ َ��َ� ﻧَ ْﻮ َ� ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل ﻣ ْ‬
‫ِﻦ َﺣ ْﻴ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ َل ِﺑﻪ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ًء َ��َ� أﻧَّﻪ ﻧَﺎﺋِ ُ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ‪َ .‬و ْ‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َﱮم‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﻌ َّﺮ ُ‬
‫ف ِﺑﺎﻟﲎ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل ُ‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻌ َّﺮ ِف ِﺑﺎﻟﲎ ِ‬
‫َﱮم‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل �َ ْﰿ ُﺮ ُ‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜ َْﺮ ُم َﺿ ْﻴﻔُﻪ"‪.‬‬
‫ﺎل‪ .‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﺟﺎ َء� ِ ْي ُ‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ �َ�َ� ِّ‬
‫أي َﺣ ٍ‬ ‫اﱰﱳو ُل ﻓ ََﻴ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ � ِ ْي ﻧَﺎﺋِ ِ‬
‫أ ّﻣَﺎ َّ‬
‫ﻓـ"ا�ﺿ ْﻴ ُﻒ" َﻣ ْﺮﻓ ُْﻮعٌ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ًء �َ�َ� أﻧَّ ٗﻪ ﻧَﺎﺋِ ُ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ �ِ َﺸ ْﺮ َﻃ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬‫ﻓﻴ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ � ِ ْي ﻧَﺎﺋِ ِ‬
‫أ ّﻣَﺎ اﻟﺜَﺎ� ِ ْي َ‬
‫ﺎل‪.‬‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘﻘ َْﺒ ِ‬
‫أو ْ‬ ‫ﺎل ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ُل � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِ‬ ‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫أن َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن ْ‬ ‫‪ْ (1‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل‪:‬‬
‫اﺳ َﻢ َ‬ ‫أن � َ ْﺴ ِﺒ َﻖ ْ‬‫‪ْ (2‬‬
‫ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل َﺧ َﰊ ًﺮا َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫اﻟﻤبْ َﺘ َﺪأ ﻓ ََﻴ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ْ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫‪-‬أ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﻮ ُﺻ ْﻮ ِل ﻓ ََﻴ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن ِﺻﻠ َ ًﺔ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫أو ْ‬‫ب ْ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ف ﻓ ََﻴ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن ِﺻ َﻔ ًﺔ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﻮ ُﺻ ْﻮ ُ‬
‫أو َ‬‫ت ْ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺎل ﻓ ََﻴ ُﳉ ْﻮ ُن َﺣﺎ ﱰ ًﱮ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِ‬ ‫ث ْ‬
‫أو ذُ ْو َ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ� َْﻬ ُ‬
‫ﺎم‪.‬‬ ‫أو ْ‬ ‫أو اﻟﻨَ�ْيُ ْ‬
‫ج ْ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺎف إ�َ� َﻣﺎ ﺑ َ ْﻌ َﺪ ٗه‬‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل �َﺎ ِﻣﲎ ًﱮ ﺑ َ ْﻞ ُ� َﺿ ُ‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺬْ ﻛ ُْﻮ َر ْﻳ ِﻦ ﱰ َﱮ َﻳ ْﺒ�َ� ْ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ َﻃ ْﰿ ِﻦ َ‬
‫أﺣ ُﺪ َ‬
‫ﻓَﺈذَا ا ﻧْ َﻌ َﺪ َم َ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔ ُْﻌ ْﻮ ِل � ِ ْي‬ ‫ﺚ َوﻗَ َﻊ ْ‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫ﺎل َﺣ ْﻴ َ‬‫ﺎن � ِ ْي اﻟ ِﻤﺜَ ِ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ "ﻓَ ِﺮحَ َﺧﺎ ﻟ ٌِﺪ ُﻣﻜ َْﺮ ٌم َﺿ ْﻴﻔُﻪ" ﻓَﻘ َْﺪ ﺗ َ َﺤ َّﻘ َﻖ َ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ َﻃ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ َﻣ ْﻮﻗِ َﻊ اﻟ َﺨ َﰊ ِﺮ‪.‬‬
‫اﺳ ُﻢ َ‬
‫ﺎل َوﻗ َْﺪ ْ‬ ‫َﻣ ْﻌ� َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ِ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪53‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟ َﺨﺎ ِﻣ ُﺲ )ا�ﺻ َﻔ ُﺔ ُ‬

‫اﻟﻤ َﺸ َّ� َﻬ ُﺔ(‬
‫اﻟ� ْﺻ َﺪ ِر ﻟِﻠْﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ َ��َ� َﺳ ِب ْﻴ ِﻞ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ام‬
‫اﻟﺪ َو ِ‬ ‫َﱮز ِم‪َ ،‬و�ِيَ َداﻟّ ٌﺔ َ��َ� ﺛ ُ ُﺒ ْﻮ ِت َ‬
‫ِﻦ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ اﻟﲎ ِ‬ ‫َﻖ ﻣ َ‬
‫اﺳ ٍﻢ ُﻣ ْﺸﺘ ٍّ‬
‫ﻞ ْ‬ ‫�ِيَ ك ُ ُّ‬
‫َﱮم‬ ‫اﺳ ِﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ ﻓَ َﰿ ْﺮﻓَ ُﻊ اﻟﻔَﺎ� َ‬
‫ِﻞ ﻓَ� َْﻂ‪ .‬ﻓﺈذَا ك َﲝﻧَ ْﺖ ُﻣ َﻌ َّﺮﻓَ ًﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﲎ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﺸ َّ� َﻬ ُﺔ َﻋ َﻤ َﻞ ْ‬
‫ا�ﺻ َﻔ ُﺔ ُ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ ْﻤ َﺮار‪ .‬ﺗ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ ِ‬
‫َو ْ‬
‫ﺎل‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ " َﺟﺎ َء� ِ ْي اﻟ َﺤ َﺴ ُﻦ َو ْ� ُﻬﻪ"‪ .‬أ ّﻣَﺎ إذَا ك َﲝﻧَ ْﺖ �َ ْﰿ َﺮ ُﻣ َﻌ َّﺮﻓَ ٍﺔ ِﺑﺎﻟﲎ ِ‬
‫َﱮم ﻓ َُﻴ ْﺸﰐَ َﺮ ُط ﻓِ ْ� َﻬﺎ َﻣﺎ‬ ‫َﻋ ِﻤﻠ َْﺖ َ��َ� ِّ‬
‫أي َﺣ ٍ‬
‫ام‬ ‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘﻘ َْﺒﺎ َل �َ ْﰿ ُﺮ َﻣ ْﺸ ُﺮ ْو ٍط ِﻓ ْ� َﻬﺎ ﻟ َِﺪﱰ َﱮﻟَ ِ� َﻬﺎ �َ�َ� َ‬
‫اﻟﺪ َو ِ‬ ‫أن اﻟﺤﺎ َل َو ْ‬ ‫اﺳ ِﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ إﱰَّﱮ َّ‬ ‫� ُ ْﺸ َﰐ َﺮ ُط � ِ ْي ْ‬
‫اﻟﻮﻟ َُﺪ َﺣ َﺴ ٌﻦ ُﺧﻠُﻘُﻪ" ﻓَـ" ُﺧﻠُﻘُﻪ" َﻣ ْﺮﻓ ُْﻮعٌ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ًء �َ�َ� اﻟﻔَﺎ�ِ ِﻠ َّﻴﺔِ‪.‬‬ ‫واﱰﱮﺳ ِﺘ ْﻤ َﺮ ِ‬
‫ار‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ‪َ " :‬ﺟﺎ َء� ِ ْي َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ُّﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﺸ َّ� َﻬ ِﺔ اﻟ َ� َﺻ ُ‬
‫ﺐ َو َ‬ ‫ا�ﺻ َﻔ ِﺔ ُ‬
‫َوﻗ َْﺪ ﻳَ ُﺠ ْﻮ ُز � ِ ْي َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻤ ْﻮ ِل ِ‬
‫ﺐ �َ ُﻬ َﻮ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ًء �َ�َ� اﻟ َﺘ ْﻤ ِي ْﰿ ِﺰ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﺟﺎ َء� ِ ْي َ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َﺟ ُﻞ َﺣ َﺴ ٌﻦ ُﺧﻠُﻘًﺎ"‪.‬‬ ‫أ ّﻣَﺎ اﻟ َ� َﺻ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ َﺣ َﺴ ُﻦ اﻟ َﺨﻠْ ِﻖ"‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠ ُّﺮ �َ ُﻬ َﻮ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ًء �َ�َ� َ‬
‫اﱰﱴﺿﺎ ﻓَ ِﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮ� ِِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ " :‬ﺟﺎ َء� ِ ْي َ‬ ‫وأ ّﻣَﺎ َ‬

‫َ� ِﻃ ْﻴ َﻔ ٌﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ِﻮ ﻳَّ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺖ َﻣ ْﻮ ُﺻ ْﻮﱰ ًﱮ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤ َﺸ َّ� َﻬ ِﺔ ﻟ َْي َﺴ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺪا ِﺧﻠ َ َﺔ َ��َ� ِ‬
‫ا�ﺻ َﻔ ِﺔ ُ‬ ‫َﱮم َ‬ ‫أن اﻟﲎ َ‬ ‫ا ﺗ َّ َﻔ َﻖ اﻟ ُﻨ َﺤﺎةُ َ��َ� َّ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻓﺈن ِﺻ َﻴ َ� َﻬﺎ َﺳ َﻤﺎ ِﻋ َّﻴ ٌﺔ‪.‬‬‫اﻟﻤ َﺸ َّ� َﻬ ِﺔ َّ‬ ‫ا�ﺻ َﻔ ِﺔ ُ‬
‫َﱮف ِ‬ ‫اﺳ ِﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ ك ُ َّ� َﻬﺎ ِﻗ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺳ َّﻴ ٌﺔ ﺑِ ِﺨﲎ ِ‬ ‫إن ِﺻ َﻴ َﻎ ْ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬

‫ﺎف(‬
‫)اﻟ� َﺿ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲝ ِد ُس ُ‬
‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َ‬
‫ﺎف إﻟ َْﻴ ِﻪ �ِ َﺸ ْﺮ ِط ْ‬
‫أن‬ ‫اﻟ� َﺿ ُ‬
‫اﱰﱳو ُل اﻟﺜَﺎ�ِيَ َو ُﻫ َﻮ ُ‬ ‫اﺳ ٍﻢ آ َﺧ َﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﻴ ُﺠ ُّﺮ ْ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ُﻢ َّ‬ ‫أﺿ ْﻴ َﻒ إ�َ� ْ‬‫اﺳ ٍﻢ ِ‬ ‫ﻞ ْ‬‫ُﻫ َﻮ ك ُ ُّ‬

‫ﺎف َﺧﺎ ﻟ ًِﻴﺎ َﻋ ْﻦ ُ‬

‫اﱰﱳﻣ ْﻮ ِر اﻟ َﺘﺎ ﻟ َِﻴﺔِ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟ� َﺿ ُ‬ ‫َﻳ ُﳉ ْﻮ َن ُ‬
‫َﱮم‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﲎ ُ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫اﻟ َت ْﻨ ِﻮ ْﻳ ُﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ِﻦ ﻧُ ْﻮ� َ ِي اﻟ َﺘﺜْ ِن َﻴ ِﺔ َواﻟ َﺠ ْﻤ ِﻊ‪.‬‬
‫َﺎم اﻟ َت ْﻨ ِﻮ ْﻳ ِﻦ ﻣ ْ‬
‫َﺎم َﻣﻘ َ‬
‫َﻣﺎ ﻗ َ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎ ﻟَ ِﻤ ْﰿ َﻦ" ُ� َﺿ ٌ‬
‫ﺎف إﻟ َْﻴ ِﻪ َوﻗ َْﺪ‬ ‫ﺎف َو" َ‬ ‫ﻪﻠﻟ َر ِّب اﻟ ْٰﻌﻠ َ ِﻤ ْﰿ َ ۙ‬
‫ﻦ{ ﻓَـ" َر ُّب" ُ� َﺿ ٌ‬ ‫ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا َﻟ َْﺤ ْﻤ ُﺪ ِ ّٰ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺬْ ﻛ ُْﻮ َرةُ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺸ ُﺮ ْو ِط َ‬
‫ُو ِﺟ َﺪ ْت ﻓِ ْﻴ ِﻪ َﺳﲝﺋ ُِﺮ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪54‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺎن �َ�ٰی ﻧَ ْﻮ�َ ْﰿ ِﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫َ‬

‫اﻟﻤ ْﻌ َﻨ ِﻮ َّﻳ َﺔ ا ﺛ ْ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺎن ﻓَ� َْﻂ َو ُﻫ َﻤﺎ َﻳ ْﻨﻘ َِﺴ َﻤ ِ‬ ‫ِﻞ َ‬‫اﻟﻌ َﻮاﻣ َ‬
‫ﮐ ََﻤﺎ َذ ﮐ َْﺮﻧَﺎ أ َّن َ‬
 ‫اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪55‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫اﱰﱳو ُل )اﱰﱮﺑْ ِﺘ َﺪا ُء(‬

‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ َّ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻪِ‪ ،‬و�ِيَ ا ﺛ ْ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺎن‬ ‫ﺐ ْ‬ ‫ف ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻘﻠ ِْﺐ َواﻟْ� َْﻬ ِﻢ َو ﻟ َْي َﺲ ﻟِ ِﻠ ّ َﺴ ِ‬
‫ﲝن � َِﺻ ْﻴ ٌ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ َﻮاﻣ ِِﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﻌ َﻨ ِﻮ ﻳَّ ِﺔ َﻣﺎ ﻳُ ْﻌ َﺮ ُ‬ ‫ِﻦ َ‬‫اد ﻣ ْ‬
‫ﻟﻤ َﺮ ُ‬
‫ا ُ‬
‫أو ُ� ُﻬ َﻤﺎ‪ :‬اﱰﱮﺑْ ِﺘ َﺪا ُء � ِ ْي ُ‬
‫اﻟﻤبْ َﺘ َﺪإ َواﻟ َﺨ َﰊ ِﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫َّ‬
‫اﱰﱮﺳ ِﻢ َﻋ ْﻦ َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﻮاﻣ ِِﻞ اﻟﻠ َ ْ� ِﻇ َّﻴ ِﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪ } :‬ا َ ّٰ ُ‬
‫ﻪﻠﻟ َ� ِﻃ ْﻴ ٌﻒ{‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎرةٌ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﺧﻠ ُِّﻮ ْ‬
‫أ ّﻣَﺎ اﱰﱮﺑْ ِﺘ َﺪا ُء ﻓَ ِﻌ َﺒ َ‬

‫ﺎرع(‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫)اﻟﻌﺎ ﻣ ُ‬
‫ِﻞ �ِيْ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ َﻨ ْﻮعُ اﻟﺜَﺎ�ِيْ َ‬
‫ﺎر ِع َﻣ ْﻮ ِﻗ َﻊ ْ‬
‫اﺳ ِﻢ اﻟﻔَﺎ� ِِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧَ ْﺤ ُﻮ ﻗ َْﻮﻟِ ٖﻪ‬ ‫ﺎر ِع ُﻫ َﻮ ِﺻ َّﺤ ُﺔ ُوﻗ ُْﻮ ِع اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ ُ‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫ِﻞ � ِ ْي اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ ُ‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎ ﻣ َ‬
‫إ َّن َ‬
‫ﺎر ِع‪ .‬ﻫﺬَ ا اﱰﱴ ْﻣك َ ُ‬
‫ﲝن ُﻫ َﻮ‬ ‫ﺐ" َﻣ ْﻮﻗِ َﻊ اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ ُ‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫أن ُﻳﻘَﺎ َل " ُﻣ ِﺤ ٌّ‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟْ ُﻤ َّﺘ ِﻘ ْﰿ َﻦ{ ﻓَﺈﻧَّ ٗﻪ ُﻳ ْﻤﻜ ُ‬
‫ِﻦ ْ‬ ‫ﺗ َ َﻌﺎ�ٰ�‪} :‬اِ َّن ا َ‬
‫ﷲ ﻳُ ِﺤ ُّ‬
‫ﺎر ِع‪.‬‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎ ﻣ ُ‬
‫ِﻞ � ِ ْي ُ‬ ‫َ‬

‫َ� ِﻃ ْﻴ َﻔ ٌﺔ ﻧَ ْﺤ ِﻮ ﻳَّ ٌﺔ‪:‬‬

‫از ِم‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺠ َﻮ ِ‬
‫ﺐ َو َ‬ ‫ﺎر ِع ُﻫ َﻮ ُﺧﻠ َُّﻮه َﻋ ْﻦ اﻟ َﻨ َﻮ ِ‬
‫اﺻ ِ‬ ‫ِﻞ � ِ ْي اﻟ ِﻔ ْﻌ ِﻞ ُ‬
‫اﻟ� َﺿ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎ ﻣ َ‬
‫إن َ‬‫ﻗَﺎ َل اﻟﻜ ُْﻮ ِﻓ ّﻴ ُْﻮ َن‪َّ :‬‬

‫ﻚ ﺑْ ِﻦ َﻣ ْﺮ َو َ‬
‫ان‪ ،‬ﻓ ََﺒ ْي َﻨ َﻤﺎ ُﻫ َﻮ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ٗه‪ِ ،‬إ ْذ‬ ‫َﺣﻜ َْﻮا َﻋ ْﻦ ا ﺑْ ِﻦ اﻟْﻘ َْﺮ ﻳَ ِﺔ أَﻧَّ ٗﻪ َدﺧ َ‬
‫َﻞ �َ� ٰی َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ َْﻤ ِﻠ ِ‬
‫ﰿﺮ اﻟ ُْﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨﰿ َﻦ؟ ﻗَﺎ َل‪ُ :‬و ﻟ ُْﺪ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻚ َ�ﻠ َْﻴﻪِ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل‪َ :‬ﻣ ْﻦ َﻫ ُﺆﱰ َﱮ ِء ا ﻟْ ِﻔ ْت َﻴ ُﺔ َﻳﺎ أ ِﻣ َ‬ ‫َﻞ ﺑَ ُﻨﻮ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ َْﻤ ِﻠ ِ‬‫َدﺧ َ‬
‫ﰿﺮ اﻟ ُْﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨﰿ َﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫أ ِﻣ ِ‬
‫َﻚ �ِي‬‫ﺎركَ ﻟ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﺑَ َ‬ ‫ﺎركَ َ� ُﻬ ْﻢ ﻓِ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻚ‪َ ،‬وﺑ َ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻚ ﻓِ َ‬ ‫ﺎركَ ﱰِﱳ َ ِﺑ َ‬‫�ﻬ ْﻢ‪ ،‬ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﺑَ َ‬‫َﻚ ﻓِ ِ‬ ‫ﺎركَ ّٰ ُ‬
‫اﻪﻠﻟ ﻟ َ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎ َل‪ :‬ﺑ َ َ‬
‫ﻴﻚ!‬ ‫َ‬
‫أ ِﺑ َ‬
‫ﻓ ََﺸ َﺤ َﻦ ﻓَﺎ ُه ُد ًّرا‪.‬‬
 ‫‪56‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ‬

‫ﺖ �َ�ٰ� إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ‬ ‫َﻢ �َ�ٰ� ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ َّو�َ�ٰ� ٰا ِل ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﺗ َ َﺮ ّﺣ َْﻤ َ‬ ‫ٰ‬
‫ا َﻟ ّ� ُﻬ َّﻢ ﺗ َ َﺮ ّﺣ ْ‬
‫ﻚ َﺣ ِﻤ ْﻴ ٌﺪ َّﻣ ِﺠ ْﻴ ٌﺪ‪ .‬ا َﻟ ّٰ� ُﻬ َّﻢ ﺗ َ َﺤﰲ َّ ْﻦ �َ�ٰ� ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ َّو�َ�ٰ� ٰا ِل‬
‫َو�َ�ٰ� ٰا ِل إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ إِﻧَّ َ‬
‫ﺖ َ��ٰ� إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ َو َ��ٰ� ٰا ِل إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ إِﻧَّ َ‬
‫ﻚ َﺣ ِﻤ ْﻴ ٌﺪ َّﻣ ِﺠ ْﻴ ٌﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﺗ َ َﺤ َّن ْﻨ َ‬
‫ﺖ �َ�ٰ� إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ َو�َ�ٰ�‬ ‫ا َﻟ ّٰ� ُﻬ َّﻢ َﺳ ِﻠ ّ ْﻢ �َ�ٰ� ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ َّو�َ�ٰ� ٰا ِل ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ َﺳﻠ َّ ْﻤ َ‬
‫ﻚ َﺣ ِﻤ ْﻴ ٌﺪ َّﻣ ِﺠ ْﻴ ٌﺪ‬‫ٰا ِل إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ إِﻧَّ َ‬

‫ﻚ َ��ٰ� ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ َّوا ِٰل ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ‬

‫ﻚ َوﺑَ َﺮك َﲝ ﺗِ َ‬ ‫ا َﻟ ّٰ� ُﻬ َّﻢ ا ْﺟ َﻌ ْﻞ َﺻﻠ ََﻮا ﺗِ َ‬
‫ﻚ َو َر ْﺣ َﻤ ِﺘ َ‬
‫ﺎر ْك َ��ٰ� ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ َّو َ��ٰ� ا ِٰل‬‫ﻚ َﺣ ِﻤ ْﻴ ٌﺪ َّﻣ ِﺠ ْﻴ ٌﺪ َو ﺑَ ِ‬ ‫َﺟ َﻌﻠْ َ� َﻬﺎ َ��ٰ� ا ِٰل إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ إِﻧَّ َ‬
‫ﻚ َﺣ ِﻤ ْﻴ ٌﺪ َّﻣ ِﺠ ْﻴ ٌﺪ‬‫ْﺖ َ��ٰ� إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ َو َ��ٰ� ا ِٰل إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ إِﻧَّ َ‬
‫ﺎر◌ﻛ َ‬
‫ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﺑَ َ‬

‫ﺎر ْك �َ�ٰ�‬ ‫ﺖ َ��ٰ� ا ِٰل إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ َوﺑَ ِ‬ ‫ا َﻟ ّٰ� ُﻬ َّﻢ َﺻ ِ ّﻞ َ��ٰ� ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ َّو َ��ٰ� ا ِٰل ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ َﺻﻠ َّ ْﻴ َ‬
‫ْﺖ َ��ٰ� ا ِٰل إِﺑْ َﺮا ِﻫ ْي َﻢ �ِی اﻟ ْٰﻌﻠ َ ِﻤﰿْ َﻦ إِﻧَّ َ‬
‫ﻚ َﺣ ِﻤ ْﻴ ٌﺪ َّﻣ ِﺠ ْﻴ ٌﺪ‬ ‫ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ َّو�َ�ٰ� ا ِٰل ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ ﻛ ََﻤﺎ ﺑَ َ‬
‫ﺎر◌ﻛ َ‬