ká K kenna

ká (kái, káða, káðr), v. to harass; re- -höll, f. imperial castle; -ligr, a. imper-
fl., kást í e-u, to meddle in a thing. ial; -ríki, n. = -dœmi; -stóll, m. imper-
káklast (að), v. refl. to receive a beat- ial throne.
ing, meet with blows. keisari, m. emperor.
kál, n. cabbage, kale. kektunar-maðr, = klektunar-maðr.
kálfi, m. the calf of the leg. kelda, f. (1) well, spring; (2) bog, quag-
kálfr (-s, -ar), m. calf; fig. small island mire (lá hestr hans í keldu).
(beside a large one). kelfa (-di, -t), v. to calve.
kálfs-belgr, m. calf’s skin. kelpa, f. trap (for otters).
kálf-skinn, n. calf-skin. kelta, f. = kjalta.
kápa, f. cloak made with a cowl or hood kemba (-da, -dr), v. (1) to comb (k. hár
(hann var í blárri kápu). sitt); (2) to card (k. ull).
kápu-ermr, f. the sleeve of a kápa; kempa, f. champion, bold warrior
-hattr, -höttr, m. the hood of a kápa; (bardagamaðr mikill ok kempa).
-skaut, n. the lap of a kápa. kengr, m. (1) a horseshoe-formed crook;
kár-höfðaðr, a. curled. (2) bend, bight; köttrinn beygði kenginn,
kárína, f., see ‘karína’. arched its back.
kárr, m. curl in the hair. kenna (-da, -dr), v. (1) to know, recog-

K
kát-liga, adv. in a merry manner; nize (Flosi kenndi Kára, er hann kom í
-ligr, a. merry, cheerful (-lig orð). stofuna); (2) to know as one’s own, claim
kátr, a. merry, cheerful. (k. sér land); (3) to assign or attribute to
ká-vísi, f. meddlesomeness; -vísligr, one (þá var ok ár um öll lönd, kenndu
a., -víss, a. quarrelsome, meddlesome. Svíar þat Frey); k. e-m barn, to father a
kefja (kef, kafða, kafðr), v. to dip, child upon one; (4) k. e-m e-t, to lay to
put under water; impers. to be swamped, one’s charge, impute (ef hann væri san-
sink, of a ship (skipit kafði undir þeim); nr verks þessa, er honum var kennt); k.
refl., kefjast, to dip oneself, duck, dive. e-m um e-t, to charge one with a thing
kefla (-da, -dr), v. to gag (a lamb). (Þorgeirr vildi ekki, at brœðrum hans
kefli, n. cylinder (of wood), stick. mætti um k.); (5) to taste food or drink
kefling, f. gagging (of lambs). (k. e-t or e-s); (6) to feel, perceive, with
kefli-völr, m. cane, stick, = kefli. acc. and gen. (ek kennda þín eigi, er þú
keikja (-ta, -tr), v. to bend backwards hvíldir á brjósti mér); k. sætan ilm, to
(E. keikti hann aptr á bak). perceive a sweet smell; k. hita (kulda) af
keikr, a. bent backwards (bjúgr ílen- e-u, to feel heat (cold) from; k. aflsmunar,
dum en keikr í hálsi). liðsmunar, to feel the odds; hón kenndi í
keila, f. a sea-fish allied to the cod; torsk meira lagi, she felt considerable pain; ab-
or tusk. sol., þá er þeir kómu upp í heiðina, ken-
keipr (-s, -ar), m. rowlock. ndi at brá lit, the colour was felt to change,
keipull, m. a kind of boat, coble. it began to darken; mér kennir heiptar
keisa (-ta, -tr), v. to bend. við e-n, I feel hatred against one; k. niðr,
keisara-dómr, m., -dœmi, n. empire; to touch the bottom (en er skipin kenndu

295
kennandi K ketil-hadda
niðr, þá gekk jarl á land); (7) to show, bear kenni-speki, f. power of recognition.
witness of (virðist mér ákall þetta meirr kennsl, n. pl. (1) recognition; bera k. á
kenna ranglætis en réttvísi); (8) to call, e-n, to know, recognize one; (2) a charge
name; k. e-t við e-n, to call after one (Hel- made on evidence; hafa k. á e-m, bera k. á
gi trúði á Krist, ok kenndi því við hann hendr e-m, to charge one with a thing.
bústað sinn); (9) in poetry, to call by a kennsla, f. (1) teaching, instruction; (2)
periphrastic name (hvernig skal k. sól, = kennsl (1).
vind); (10) k. e-m e-t, to teach one a thing kenpa, f. champion (= kempa).
(k. e-m rétta trú ok góða siðu); ek hefi keppa (-ta, -t), v. to contend, strive
kennt þér írsku at mæla, I have taught hard; k. um e-t, to contend for or about a
thee to speak Irish; (11) to make one do thing; k. við e-n, to contend with one; re-
a thing (k. e-m bíta); (12) refl., kennast, fl., keppast, to exert oneself; k. við e-n,
to seem, appear (Ulfr kennist mér vitr to contend with or against one; k. til e-s or
maðr); recipr., svá var myrkt, at þeir ken- um e-t, to strive after, contend for a thing.
ndust eigi, that they did not know one an- keppi-liga, adv. impetuously.
other; goldit var honum þetta svá, at keppr, m. cudgel, club.
hann mun lengi kennast, he was repaid ker, n. tub, vessel, goblet.
for this in a way that he will long remem- kerald, n. tub.
ber; kennast við, to recognize (kenndist ker-bað, n. = ker-laug.
hann af því þegar við mennina); to con- kerfi, n. bunch, bundle (mörg spjót, er
fess, acknowledge (at þeir mætti við ken- bundin vóru í k.).
nast sinn lítilleik). ker-laug, f. bathing in a tub.
kennandi (pl. -endr), m. (1) recogniz- kerling (pl. -ar), f. (1) woman, wife;
er; (2) teacher, preacher. (2) old woman.
kennan-ligr, a. perceptible. kerlinga-villa, f. old woman’s tale,
kennari, m. teacher, master. nonsense (þat er nú kölluð -villa).
kenni, n. mark (cf. ‘einkenni’). kerra, f. car, chariot (k. sólarinnar).
kenni-faðir, m. = lærifaðir; -maðr, kerski, f. cheerfulness, fun (= keski).
m. teacher, cleric, priest. kerski-mál, n. jest; -máll, a. face-
kennimann-ligr, a. having the air of a tious; -orð, n. pl. jokes; -orðr, a. =
priest, clerical. -máll; -yrði, a. pl. = -orð.
kennimanns-skapr, m. priesthood. kerta-hjálmr, m. chandelier; -klofi,
kenni-mark, n. mark (= kenni). m. snufers; -stika, f. candlestick.
kenning (pl. -ar), f. (1) teaching, doc- kerti, n. wax candle, taper.
trine, lesson, esp. of preaching; kenna ken- kerti-rak, n. candle-wick; -stika, f. =
ningar, to preach; (2) mark of recognition; kertastika; -sveinn, m. link-boy (atten-
(3) a poetical penphrasis or descriptive dant on a great man).
name. kesja, f. a kind of halberd.
kenningar-nafn, n. surname; -orð, kesju-lag, n. a thrust with a halberd.
n. pl. words of admonition; -sonr, m. al- keski, f. = kerski; -fimr, a. witty.
leged son. ketil-hadda, f. kettle-handle; -hrím,

296
ketill K kirkju-bann
n. kettle-grime, soot. ture, being; lifði engi kvik k. eptir, no liv-
ketill (dat. katli, pl. katlar), m. ing creature lived after; sterkari en nökkur
kettle, pot, cauldron (í eldahúsinu var eldr k. önnur, stronger than any other creature;
mikill ok katlar yfir). helgar kindir, holy beings.
ketil-tak, n. taking a hot stone out of a kinga, f. brooch (k. var á bringu).
boiling kettle (as an ordeal). kinn (pl. kinnr), f. cheek.
ketlingr (-s, -ar), m. kitten. kinnar-bein, n. = kinnbein; -kjálki,
ketta, f. she-cat; giantess. m. the upper jaw-bone.
keypi-liga, adv. after the manner of a kinn-bein, n. cheek-bone; -björg, f.
bargain. cheek-piece of a helmet; -filla, f. ‘cheek-
keyr, n. choice, = kør. flesh’; -hestr, m. box on the ear; -hög-
keyra (-ða, -ðr), v. (1) to whip, lash, gva (see höggva), v. to hew or hack the
prick on (hann keyrði þá hest sinn); k. cheek; -leðr, n. leather cheek-piece of a
hest sporum, to put spurs to a horse; (2) bridle; -roði, m. blush of shame; -skjót-
to ride (keyrir síðan sem harðast til sinna tr, a. with piebald cheeks (of a horse);
manna); (3) to fling (S. bregðr honum á -skógr, m. beard; -skærr, a. white-
loft ok keyrir hann út á Rangá); k. e-n cheeked.
útbyrðis, to fling overboard; (4) to drive, kinnungr (-s, -ar), m. bow of a ship.

K
thrust (k. nagla, k. sverð í höfuð e-m); kinn-vangi, m. cheek.
Jórunn tók sokkana ok keyrði um höfuð kippa (-ta, -t), v. to pull, snatch, draw
henni, J. struck her about the head with the quickly (Egill kipti at sér sverð-inu); hann
stockings; (5) impers., e-n keyrir, one is kippir mönnum at sér, he gets men togeth-
driven, tossed, by the wind, waves (fundu er; k. ofan seglinu, to pull the sail down;
þeir eigi fyrr en þá keyrði á land upp); e-t impers., e-m kippir í kyn (um e-t), one
keyrir ór hófi, it exceeds all measure. resembles his kinsmen (in something); re-
keyri, n. whip. fl., kippast um e-t, to struggle with one
keyris-högg, n. lash. another about a thing; k. við, to make a
keyta, f. foul water. sudden motion (kippist hann svá hart við,
kið (gen. pl. kiða or kiðja), n. kid. at jörð öll skelfr).
kiðja-mjólk, f. kid’s milk. kippa, f. bundle, string (of).
kiðlingr (-s, -ar), m. young kid. kippr, m. pull, jerk, shock.
kið-skinn, n. kid-skin. kirkja (gen. pl. kirkna), f. church.
kikna (að), v. to bend backwards to sink kirkju-bann, n. ban of the church;
at the knees (kikna í knésbótum). -ból, n. church estate; -búnaðr, m.
kilpr, m. handle (of a vessel). church hangings; -bœr, m. = -ból; -dagr,
kilting, f. skirt, lap (hann hafði Inga m. church-day, anniversary; -dróttinn,
konung í kilting sér). m. church patron; -eign, f., -fé, n. church
kimbla (að), v. to truss up. property; -friðr, m. church-peace, sanc-
kind (pl. kindir and kindr), f. (1) tuary; -ganga, f. church-going; -garðr,
kind, race; fyrða (gumna, seggja, skatna, m. churchyard; -gengt, a. n., eiga
ýta) k., the sons of men, mankind; (2) crea- -gengt, to be allowed to go to church;

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kirna K kjör-gripr
-grið, n. pl. = -friðr; -græfr, a. who can kjarr-mýrr, f. marsh-ground with
be buried at a church; -gørð, f. church- brushwood; -skógr, m. copsewood.
building; -helgr, f. church service; kjá (kjái, kjáða, kjáð), v.; hverr þeir-
-land, n. church-land, glebe; -lög, n. pl. ra kjár nefinu at öðrum, they put their
ecclesiastical law; -máldagi, m. church heads together.
deed; -messa, f. = -dagr; -rán, n. sac- kjálki, m. (1) jaw-bone; (2) hand-sledge
rilege; -réttr, m. church-right; -skot, (draga kjálka).
n. wing of a church; -skraut, -skrúð, kjóll (-s, -ar), m. poet. ship.
n. church ornament; -sókn, f. (1) church- kjósa (kýs; kaus, køri and keyri;
worship, attendance at service; (2) parish; kusum and kurum; kosinn, kørinn),
-stétt, f. church pavement; -stóll, m. v. (1) to choose, select (valkyrjur ríða jaf-
church pew; -tíund, f. church tithe; nan at k. val); (2) to desire, wish (þá kýs
-tjöld, n. pl. church hangings; -viðr, m. ek laust kaup várt); k. heldr, to choose
church timber; -vist, f. attendance at rather, prefer; (3) to elect (k. biskup); (4)
church; -vígsla, f. consecration of a with preps., k. e-n af fleirum, to select,
church; -vörðr, m. churchwarden. choose from a number; k. af, to choose (ku-
kirna, f. churn. ru þeir þá af at ganga til handa konungi);
kirnu-askr, m. churn-pail. margir kjósa ekki orð á sik, many are not
kista (gen. pl. kistna), f. (1) chest; (2) so well spoken of as they may wish to be;
coffin (= lík-kista). k. e-n til e-s, to select one for a thing (k.
kistill (-s, pl. kistlar), m. little e-n til fylgdar við sik, til biskups); k. um
chest, small box. e-t, to choose between (kjós þúnú um tvá
kistu-hringr, m. ring in a chest; kosti).
-lykill, m. key of a chest; -lok, n. cover kjúklingr (-s, -ar), m. chicken, chick.
of a chest. kjölr (gen. kjalar, dat. kili; pl. kilir,
kitla (að), v. to tickle. acc. kjölu), m. (1) keel (brotnaði kjöl-
kífa (að), v. to quarrel. rinn undir skipinu); sigla lausum kili, to
kífinn, a. quarrelsome. sail with an empty ship; koma e-m á kjöl,
kíll, m. narrow inlet, canal. to get one up on the keel (when the boat is
kjallari, m. cellar. capsized); niðr kili, down in the hold; (2)
kjalta (gen. kjöltu), f. lap. keel-shaped range of mountains (austr um
kjal-vegr, m. a way leading across a Kjöl); (3) back of a book.
ridge of mountains (local name). kjöl-sýja, f. one of the two boards near-
kjappi, m. pet name of a he-goat. est to the keel.
kjapta (að), v. to chatter, gabble. kjöl-vegr, m. = kjal-vegr.
kjaptr (-s, -ar), m. = kjöptr. kjöptr, m. (1) jaw (er hinn efri k. við
kjark-leysi, n. lack of vigour. himni, en hinn neðri við jörðu); (2) gap-
kjarkr, m. vigour, pith, energy. ing jaws.
kjarni, m. kernel, esp. of berries. kjör, n. choice, decision; ganga (falla)
kjarr (pl. kjörr), n. copsewood, brush- k., to go as one wishes.
wood, thicket. kjör-gripr, m. a choice or costly thing;

298
kjörr K kleif
-ligr, a. fit to be chosen. klapp, n. pat, patting.
kjörr, m. thicket kjarr (þeir skildu í klappa (að), v. (1) to pat, stroke gently
kjörr einum). (jarlinn klappaði hendi sinni ábak hon-
kjör-vápn, n. a choice weapon; -viðr, um); k. um e-t, to pat; (2) to knock, rap
m. choice timber; -vísligr, a. acceptable, (k. á dyrum, á hurð); (3) to shape by cut-
= kjörligr. ting blows, hew, chisel (vóru klappaðir á
kjöt (dat. kjöti and kjötvi), n. meat, steinvegginn krossar þrír); (4) to ham-
flesh; in pl. stores of meat. mer; mun ek nú k. um aptr, I will make it
kjöt-át, n., -áta, f. meat-eating; -biti, good (right) again.
m. piece of meat; -ligr, a. (1) pertaining klauf (pl. -ir), f. (1) the cleft (between
to flesh; (2) carnal, fleshly; (3) related by the toes); (2) cloven foot (göltrinn svamm
blood; kjötligt barn, one’s own child; þar til af gengu klaufirnar); (3) beast,
kjötligr bróðir, brother germane; -lær, n. head of cattle.
joint of meat; -stykki, n. piece of meat; klaufa-gangr, m. tramp of cattle.
-vaxinn, pp. fleshy; -ætr, a. eatable (of klausa, f. clause, passage.
meat). klaustr, n. cloister, convent.
klafa-kerling, f., -stafr, m. a kind klaustra-fólk, n. convent folk; -lif-
of two-pronged stick. naðr, m. convent life; -menn, m. pl. con-

K
klafi, m. a kind of fork (put on a cow’s vent people.
neck in the stall). klaustr-ganga, f. entering a convent;
klak (pl. klök), n. chirping of birds. -garðr, m. convent wall.
klaka (að), v. to twitter, chatter (of klá (klæ; kló, klógum; kleginn), v.
birds); refl., klakast við um e-t, to have a to claw, scratch, rub (hann bað mik klá fót
dispute about. sinn).
klaka-hestr, m., -hross, n. a horse kláði, m. itch (þegar brá kláða miklum
that is left unhoused in winter; -högg, n. a á hvarmana).
tool for breaking up frozen soil, = þelhögg; kláð-sjúkr, a. scabby.
-torf, n. frozen turf. kláfr (-s, -ar), m. a kind of box car-
klaki, m. hard-frozen ground. ried on horseback.
klakk-laust, adv. unhurt, unscathed klám, n. obscene, filthy language.
(komast -laust af). klám-högg, n. an opprobrious blow;
klakkr (-s, -ar), m. heavy, peaked -yrði, n. foul language.
clouds; cf. úviðris-klakkr. kláp-eygr, a. goggle-eyed, staring.
klakk-sárr, a. touchy, feeling sore; e-m klárr (-s, -ar), m. hack, cart-horse.
verðr -sárt, one is hurt, injured. klé (gen. kljá; pl. kljár), m. one of the
klambrar-, gen. from ‘klömbr’; -veg- stones to keep the warp straight in the old
gr, m. a kind of wedge. upright loom.
kland, n. molestation. klefi, m. closet (cf. svefnklefi).
klanda (að), v. to molest. kleggi (gen. -ja), m. cleg, horse-fly.
klanda-lauss, a. free from molestation; kleggi (gen. -ja), m. cock of hay.
klandan, f., klandr, n. = kland. kleif (pl. -ar), f. cliff, rocky ascent.

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kleima K klót
kleima (-da, -dr), v. to daub, dabble. the weights (cf. ‘klé’) to a loom; vera á en-
kleiss, a. lisping (k. í máli). da kljáðr, to have done; er ek á enda kljáðr
klekja (klek, klakta, klaktr and at þola þat lengr, I can bear itno longer.
klakinn), v. to hatch (= k. út). kljár, m. = klé.
klektunar-maðr, m. chicken-hearted kljúfa (klýf; klauf, klufum;
man (hann er engi -maðr). klofinn), v. to cleave, split (hann hjó þe-
klenging (pl. -ar), f. vexatious action. gar í skjöld Hrúts ok klauf allan niðr);
klengi-sök, f. a vexatious suit. skammt upp klofinn, having a short fork,
klengjast (d), v. to interfere or intrude short-legged.
oneself vexatiously. klof, n. the space between the legs, the
kleppr, m. plummet, lump. fork.
klerka-fólk, n., -lýðr, m. the clergy; klofa-rúm, n. ship’s cabin near the
-siðir, m. pl. clerical customs; -söngr, mast; -stef, n. ‘cleft burden’, a form of
m. church music. refrain in a ‘drápa’.
klerk-dómr, m. learning; -liga, adv. klofi, m. (1) cleft, rift (in a hill); cleft
like a clerk, learnedly; -ligr, a. clerkly, stick; verða í klofanum, to be caught in a
scholar-like. trap; (2) door-groove; lúka upp hurðu, or
klerkr (-s, -ar), m. (1) cleric, clerk, lúka aptr hurð, árniðjan klofa, to open, or
scholar; (2) clergyman, esp. of the minor shut, the door halfway; hurð hnigin á mið-
orders. jan klofa, half shut; reka aptr hurðina (or
klettr (-s, -ar), m. rock, crag. lúka hurðinni) í klofa, to shut the door; (3)
kliðr, m. din, murmur. the forks to support tents on board a ship
klif, n. cliff, scaur, = kleif. (höggva tjöldin or klofum); (4) snuffers.
klifa (að), v. to repeat, harp on the same klofna (að), v. to be cloven, to split.
thing (also, k. á e-u); refl., klifast við e-n, klokka, f. = klukka.
to wrangle with one. kló (pl. klœr, dat. klóm), f. (1) claw,
klif-gata, f. way along a cliff. talon; (2) clew (of a sail).
klifra (að), klifrast, v. to climb. klóa-gangr, m. scratching (fighting)
klingja (-da, -t), v. to ring, jingle. with claws.
klippa (-ta, -tr), v. to clip, cut; k. klóast, v. refl. to fight with claws.
sauði, to shear sheep. kló-dýr, n. a beast with claws, beast of
klífa (klíf; kleif, klifum; prey; -fugl, m. bird of prey.
klifinn), v. to climb (konungr kleif upp í klókindi, n. pl. cunning, cleverness.
einn bakka; k. bratta brekku). klók-leiki, m. = klókindi; -liga, adv.
klígja (-ða), v. to feel nausea (hón klí- cunningly; -ligr, a. cunning, crafty.
gir mjök). klókr, a. arch, cunning, clever.
klígja, f. nausea. klók-samligr, a. = -ligr; -skapr, m. =
klína (-da, -dr), v. to smear; k. brauð, klókindi.
to butter bread. klór, n. scratching; klóra (að), v. to
klíningr, m. buttered bread. scratch (like a cat).
kljá (kljái, kljáða, kljáðr), v. to fix klót, n. knob of a sword hilt.

300
klubba K knappaðr
klubba, f. = klumba. klæðum, to take off one’s clothes; bera k.
klukka (gen. pl. klukkna), f. bell; (kasta klæðum) á vápn, to throw clothes
kvað við klukkan, the bell rang. over the weapons (to stop a fight).
klukkari, m. bell-ringer. klæð-lauss, a. void of clothes, naked;
klukkna-hljóð, n. peal of bells; -hús, -leysi, n. nakedness; -margr, a. well
n. bell-chamber, belfry. provided with clothes.
klukku-hljóð, n. = klukknahljóð; klæðnaðr (gen. -ar), m. clothing, ap-
-strengr, m. bell-string. parel (k. þóru ok gripir).
klumba, f. club, = klubba, kylfa. klæð-sekkr, m. clothes-bag.
klungr (-rs, -rar), m. bramble. klæja (að), v. to itch; nú klæja oss ló-
klungróttr, a. grown with bramble. farnir, now our palms itch; impers., mér
klútr (-s, -ar), m. kerchief. klæjar, I itch.
klyf (pl. -jar), f. pack, truss (on a pack- klæki, n. disgrace, cowardice.
horse); -beri, m. pack-saddle. klæki-ligr, a. dastardly, cowardly.
klyfbera-band, n. pack-saddle girth. klækis-efni, n. mean proceeding;
klyfja (að), v. to load with packs (k. -högg, n. dastardly blow.
hest, asna af e-u). klæki-skapr, m. baseness, meanness.
klyfja (klyf, klufða, klufiðr), v. to klækis-laust, adv. blamelessly;

K
split, cleave. -maðr, m. dastard; -nafn, n. name for
klyfja-band, n. pack-girth; -burðr, cowardice; -orð, a. = -nafn; -verk, n.
m. carrying packs on horseback; -hestr, base work.
m., -hross, n. pack-horse. klækja (-ta, -tr), v. to put to shame.
klýpa (-ta, -tr), v. to pinch, nip. klækja-fullr, a. disgraceful, mean.
klýping, f. pinching, nipping. klæma (-da, -dr), v. to put to shame.
klæða (-dda, -ddr), v. to clothe; k. sik, klök, a. pl., see ‘klak’.
to dress oneself; refl., klæðast, to dress kløkkna (að), v. to become soft, soften
oneself, put on one’s clothes, in the morn- (þat vöknar ok kløkknar).
ing (síðan stóðu þeir upp ok klæddust). kløkkr (acc. -van), a. pliable, soft,
klæða-, gen. pl. from ‘klæði’; -bú- yielding; easily affected.
naðr, -búningr, m. apparel; -kaup, n. kløkkva (kløkk; klökk, klukku;
exchange of clothes; -skipti, n. pl. change —), v. to be moved to tears; to sob.
of clothes; -skurðr, m., -snið, n. cut, kløkkva (-ta, -tr), v. to soften.
fashion of clothes; -ylr, m. warmth de- kløkkving, f. emotion.
rived from clothes; -örk, f. clothes-chest. klömbr (gen. klambrar), f. smith’s
klæð-fár, a. thinly clad; -hœfr, a. fit vice, fig. a tight place.
for wear. klöpp (gen. klappar, pl. klappir), f.
klæði, n. (1) cloth, stuff (ensk k. með stepping-stone.
mörgum litum); (2) garment (maðr í knakkr (-s, -ar), m. a kind of stool.
rauðu k.); (3) esp. in pl., clothes, apparel, knapi, in. valet, varlet.
dress (hvar fyrir berr þú rauð klæði?); fara knappaðr, pp. furnished with studs or
í k., to put on clothes; fara af or ór buttons (k. kyrtill).

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knapp-járn K knylla
knapp-járn, n. iron staff with a knob at kné-liðr, m. knee-joint.
one end. kneppa (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to press, hug
knappr (-s, -ar), m. (1) knob (staf (k. e-n at sér); (2) to stud, button.
íhendi ok knapp á); ríða knapp á, to fur- kné-runnr, m. lineage, kinship; degree
nish a thing with a knob; (2) stud, button in descent.
(með knappi ok nezlu). knés-bót, f. the hollow of the knee.
knarrar-bátr, m. ship’s boat (see kné-setja (see setja), v. to place upon
‘knörr’); -skip, n. = knörr; -smiðr, m. one’s knees, a kind of adoption (hann
shipwright. -setti þann svein ok fóstraði); -set-
knatt-drepa, f., -gildra, f. = -tré; ningr, m. foster-son.
-högg, n. a blow with a ball; -leikr, m. knés-fótr, m. ham hough (= -bót).
playing at ball; -tré, n. bat. kné-sig, n. sinking on one’s knees;
kná (pl. knegum; knátta), a defec- -skel, f. knee-cap, knee-pan; -skot, n.
tive verb, I can (could); knákat ek segja, I humiliation; koma -skoti á e-n to bring
cannot say (poet.). one to his knees.
kná-leikr, m. prowess, hardihood; kneyfa (-ða, -ðr), v. to quaff (Egill
-liga, adv. hardily, doughtily (þeir sœkja kneyfði af horninu í einum drykk).
-liga ferðina); -ligr, a. = knár. knía (að), v. to consider, debate (er þeir
knár (kná, knátt), a. hardy, vigorous; kníaðu þetta mál milli sín).
having strength and energy. knía, v. poet., only in the pret. ‘kníði’,
kné (gen. pl. knjá, dat. knjám or kn- to knock, strike; kníðum unnir we rowed.
jóm), m. (1) knee; sitja á kné e-m, to sit knífr (-s, -ar), m. knife, dirk.
on a person’s knee; ganga (koma, fara, knífs-blað, n. knife’s blade; -hepti, n.
hvarfa) fyrir k. e-m, to approach one as a knife’s handle; -oddr, m. knife’s point;
suppliant; koma e-m á k., to bring one to -skepti, n. = -hepti.
his knees, overcome; láta k. fylgja kviði, to knoða (að), v. to knead (k. saman mjöl
plant the knee on the belly; sitja fyrir kn- ok smjör).
jóm e-rri, to attend a woman in childbirth; knoka (að), v. to knock, thump.
(2) knee-timber in a ship. knosa (að), v. to bruise, beat.
kné-beðr, m. knee cushion; falla á -beð, knúi, m. knuckle (hvítnuðu knúarnir).
to kneel; -beygjast (ð), v. refl. to bow knúska (að), v. to knock, ill-treat.
the knees; -björg, f. knee-piece; -fall, n. knúskan, f. knocking, ill-treatmeant.
kneeling. knúta, f. knuckle-bone, joint-bone.
knefa (að), v. to determine (er þar nú knútóttr, a. knotted.
knefat um annat ráð). knútr (-s, -ar), m. (1) knot; leysa knút,
kné-falla (see falla), v. to fall on the to undo a knot; ríða knút, to tie a knot;
knees; to kneel. knýta knút, to knit a knot; (2) hump, pro-
kneiking (pl. -ar), f. close embrace, tuberance.
hug (kossar ok kneikingar). knykill (pl. knyklar), m. small knot,
kneikja (-ta, -tr), v. to bend back- protuberance.
wards with force (k. e-n aptr á bak). knylla (-ta, -tr), v. to beat, strike

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knytja K koma
(þeir knylltu hann með keyrinu). knypri, kogla (að), v. to goggle, look askance.
n. cowering; vefja sik í k., to crouch to- kol, n. pl. coals, charcoal (svíða k.).
gether. kola, f. a small, open lamp.
knytja (að), v. to knit or tie together. kola-, gen. pl. from ‘kol’; -karl,
knýfill (pl. knýflar), m. short horn. -maðr, m. charcoal-maker; -meiss, m.
knýflóttr, a. short-horned. box for carrying coals.
knýja (kný, knýða or knúða, kol-bitr, m. coal-eater (an idle person
knúinn), v. (1) to knock; hann knúði sitting always at the fireside); -blar, a.
hurðina, he knocked at the door; (2) to coal-black; -brenna, f. charcoal-making;
press, drive onward (þeir knúðu fast árar -gröf, f. charcoal pit; -gørð, f. = -bren-
með stórum bakföllum); to push, urge on na.
(hann gat varla fylgt henni, svá knúði kolla, f. (1) hind, cow; (2) woman (only
hón fast reiðina); (3) refl. to struggle on, in compds.).
press on; því harðara er Þórr knúðist at kol-laupr, m. coal-box.
fanginu, því fastara stóð hón, the more koll-heið, n. bright sky overhead;
Thor exerted himself, the firmer she stood. -hetta, f., -höttr, m. a kind of round
knýta (-tta, -ttr), v. to knit, fasten by cap (þeir höfðu grár -hettur).
a knot, bind, tie (hon knýtir saman ha- kollóttr, a. (1) without horns, polled

K
lana á nautunum); with dat. (skulum vér (ær kollótt); (2) with shaven crown, hair-
k. líndregli um fremra stafn); impers., less (k. ok klæðlauss); having the hair cut
knýtti hrygginn (acc.), the back knotted short.
up, became crooked. kollr (-s, -ar), m. (1) top, summit (á
knýti, n. bag, purse. kollifjallsins); (2) head, pate (þeim var
knýtil-skauti, m. a cloth or kerchief sprottit hár ór kolli); (3) a shaven crown
knotted up (and used as a purse). (hann rakar af þeim hárit ok gørði þeim
knýti-skauti, m. = knýtilskauti. koll); (4) hrinda e-u um koll, to over-
knýttr, pp. knotted, crippled. throw.
knörr (gen. knarrar, dat. knerri; koll-sveibb, m. boy with a flat cap;
pl. knerrir, acc. knörru), m. ship, -varpa (að), v. to overthrow; -verpa (see
esp. merchant-ship, opp. to ‘langskip’. verpa), v. = -varpa.
knöttr (gen. knattar, dat. knetti; kol-merktr, pp. jet-black (klæði-
pl. knettir, acc. knöttu), m. ball; merkt); -reykr, m. smoke from burning
herða knúa at knetti, to play at ball. charcoal; -svartr, a. coal-black; -viðr,
koddi, m. pillow. m. wood for charcoal.
kofarn, n., -rakki, m. lap-dog. koma (kem; kom or kvam, kómum or
kofi, m. convent cell; hut, shed. kvamúm; kominn), v. (1) to come (litlu
kofr, n. coffer (skrín ok k.). síðarr kómu Finnar aptr heim); (2) to
kofir, m. hood or bonnet of fur. come, arrive (bréf kómu frá Skúla jarli);
kofr-málugr, a. testy, snappish; -men- kom svá, at (it came to pass, that) Bárði
ni, n. a snappish, testy person (menni- var heitit meyjunni; (3) with dat. of the
skapi). object, to make to come, to take, bring, car-

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koma K koma
ry, &c.; hann skyldi k. Þór í Geirröðar- stroy (hann kom hverjum hesti fyrir); k. í
garða, he should make Th. come to G.; e-t, to come into, enter; mál koma í dóm,
hann kom Þórhaddi heilum yfir ána, he suits are brought up for judgement; k. niðr,
brought Th. safe across the river; k. e-m í to come down; hann reyndi eptir, hvar G.
hel, to put one to death; k. e-m til falls, to væri niðr kominn, what had become of G.;
make one fall; k. e-m í sætt við e-n, to rec- kom þar niðr tal hennar, at hon sagði
oncile one with another; k. sér vel hjá e-m, honum, hversu, the end of her talk was,
to bring oneself into favour with, be agree- that she told him how -; k. hart niðr, to
able to (þeir kómu sér vel við alla); k. e-u pay dearly for it (ek hafða illa til gört, en-
til leiðar (til vegar), to effect, bring about; da kom ek hart niðr); k. saman, to come
k. orðum við e-n, to speak with a person together, gather (er saman kom liðit); to
(hann gørði sik svá reiðan, at ekki mát- agree; þat kom saman (or ásamt) með
ti orðum við hann k.); (4) with preps., þeim, they agreed on it; impers., kom
k. e-u af sér, to get rid of (allt mun ek þeim vel saman (ásamt), they agreed well;
til vinna at k. af mér yðvarri reiði); k. k. e-u saman, to bring about, effect; k.
e-u af, to abolish (því hafði eigi orðit af saman sættum með e-m, to reconcile
komitmeði öllu); k. at e-m, to come up- them; k. til e-s, to come to a person or
on one (kómu þessir at honum fyrir Sjó- place (jarlinn kom með allan her sinn til
landi með tveim skipum); k. at hendi, to Dyflinnar); k. till ríkis, to come to, or suc-
happen (mikill vandi er kominn at hen- ceed to, the throne; k. til e-s, to cause: þat
di); impers., Gunnarr játaði því, en þá er kemr til þess, at, the reason is, that; to
at kom, vildi hann eigi, G. agreed to it, help, avail: koma til lítils, to come to lit-
but when it came to the point he would not; tle, be of small avail (= k. fyrir lítit); to
k. at e-u, to come at, regain, recover (k. concern: þetta mál kemr ekki til þín, this
at hamri); k. sér at e-u, to bring oneself quarrel is no business of thine; þat er til
to (Þ. kom sér ekki at því); k. á e-t, to mín kemr, so far as I am concerned; to
come on, hit (höggit kom á lærit); k. e-u mean, signify (Þ. kvezk skilja, hvar orð
á, to bring about, effect (máttu þeir øngum hans kómu til); to be of value: sverð þat,
flutningum á k.); k. kristni (dat.) á Eng- er til kom mörk gulls, that was worth a
land, to christianize E.; k. fram, to come ‘mark’ of gold; mikit þykkir til e-s k., one
forth, appear, emerge (sigldi E. suðr með is much thought of, is thought to be of great
landi ok kom fram í Danmörk); to be pro- importance; k. til, to be born; k. e-m un-
duced, brought forward (nú mun pat fram dan, to help one to escape; k. undir e-n, to
k. sem ek sagða); k. e-u fram, to bring come unto one; ef undir oss skal k. kjörit,
about, effect (k. fram hefndum); k. fyrir if we are to choose; k. e-m undir, to get
e-t, to be an equivalent for (fyrir víg Hjar- one down, overcome one; k. upp, to come
tar skyldi k. víg Kols); allt mun k. fyrir up; tungl kemr upp, the moon rises; eldr
eitt, it will all come to the same; k. fyrir kom upp, fire broke out; kom þá upp af
ekki, to come to naught, be of no avail; e- tali þeirra, at, the end of their talk was,
m þykkir fyrir ván komit, at, one thinks that; to come out, become known (kom þat
it past all hope, that; k. e-u fyrir, to de- þá upp, at hann hafði beðit hennar); k. e-

304
koma K konung-borinn
u upp, to open (kerling tekr hörpuna ok þykkir son minn hvergi betr k., methinks
vildi upp k.); hann mátti lengi eigi orði my son is nowhere better off, in better
upp k., it was long before he could utter a hands; k. á sik vel, in a good state, ac-
word; k. við e-t, to touch (komit var við comlished (k. á sik manna bezt); vera á
hurðina); þeir kómu við sker, they struck legg k., to be grown up; vera svá aldrs k.,
on a reef; hann kemr við margar sögur, he to be of such an age; hann sagði henni,
appears in many sagas; to be added to (ko- hvar þá var komit, he told her how matters
ma þær nætr við hinar fyrri); k. við, to fit, stood; vera k. til e-s, to be entitled to (þeir,
be convenient, suit; k. e-u við, to employ, er til einskis eru komnir); rétt k. til ko-
make use of (ek mátta eigi boganum við nungdóms, right heir to the kingdom.
k.); hann kom því við (he brought about), kompána-skapr, m. companionship.
at engi skyldi fara með vápn; urðu þeir at kompánn, m. = kumpánn.
flýja sem því kómu við, all fled that could; kompáss, m. ring, circle, compass.
k. sér við, to bring about, effect, be able komu-maðr, m. new comer, guest.
to do (ek mun veita þér slíkt lið sem ek kona (gen. pl. kvenna), f. (1) woman
má mér við k.); to behave (hversu hann (var hón kvenna fríðust); (2) wife (ek em
kom sér við í þessum málum); k. yfir, k. Njáls).
to pass over (hvert kveld, er yfir kom); konar, gen. sing. from an obsolete

K
(5) refl., komast, to come to the end, get ‘konr’, kind; alls k., of all kinds; hvers k.,
through, reach (hann komst við svá búit of every kind; margs k., of many kinds;
í ríki sitt); k. af, to escape, save one’s life ýmiss k., of sundry kinds; sams k., of the
(tveir drukknuðu kómust af); k. at e-u, same kind.
to get at a thing, procure; eigi skaltu illa konr (pl. -ir), m. poet. (1) son, descen-
at k., thou shalt not get it unfairly; k. á dant, kinsman; (2) man.
fœtr, to get on one’s legs; k. undan, to es- konu-bú, n. woman’s estate; -efni, n.
cape (alt þat lið, er undan komst); k. út, one’s future wife, bride; -fé, n. marriage
to get out; k. við, to be able (brenn allt portion; -hár, n. woman’s hair; -klæði,
ok bæl sem þú mátt við k.); to be touched n. pl. woman’s attire; -lauss, a. wifeless,
(hann komst mjök við ok felldi tár); k. widowed (verða-lauss); -mál, n. love af-
við veðri, to get abroad (hann lét þat ekki fair (verða-sekr um -mál), = kvennamál;
við veðri k.); k. yfir e-t, to overcome, get -nám, n. abduction of a woman.
hold of (er hann komst yfir féit). konunga (að), v. to address as a king, to
koma, f. arrival, = kváma. call by the name of king.
kominn, pp. come; k. af e-m, descended konunga-kyn, n. royal kin, royalty;
from; k. af sér, in a declining state, on -skipti, n. change of kings, succession;
the decline (kristnin var mjök svá af sér -stefna, f. meeting of kings; -sætt, f.
komin); k. at andláti, dauða, breathing peace between kings; -tal, n. series of
one’s last; vóru þeir mjök at komnir, they kings; -ætt, f. = -kyn.
were much exhausted; vel (illa) k., in good konung-borinn, pp., -borligr, a. of
(bad) estate; hann var vel til náms k., he royal birth; -djarfr, a. speaking boldly
was in a good place for learning; mér to kings; -dómr, m. kingdom; -lauss, a.

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konungr K kostan
kingless, without a king; -ligr, a. kingly, korn-frjó, n. seed-corn; -hjálmr, m.
royal; -maðr, m. royal person, king. corn-stack; -hlaða, f. barn; -kaup, n.
konungr (-s, -ar), m. king. purchase of corn; -kippa, f. basket for
konung-ríki, n. kingdom. seed-corn; -sala, f. sale of corn; -skrep-
konungs-atsetr, n. king’s residence; pa, f. corn-bag.
-bréf, n. king’s writ, warrant; -bú, n. roy- kornskurðar-maðr, m. shearer,
al estate; -efni, n. future king; -eigur, reaper; -mánaðr, m. shearing month.
f. pl. royal property; -eyrendi, n. royal korn-skurðr, m. shearing, reaping;
errand; -fundr, m. audience given by a -vist, f. stores of corn.
king; -garðr, m. king’s palace; -höfn, korpr, m. raven, = hrafn.
f. king’s haven; -kveðja, f. address to a kos-eyrir, m. choice things.
king; -leyfi, n. king’s leave; -lykill, m. kosning, f., kosningr, m. election.
the king’s key = axe (which opens all koss (pl. kossar), m. kiss.
doors and chests); munu þeir bera -lykil koss-mildr, a. fond of kissing.
at húsinu, they will break in by force; -læ- kosta (að), v. (1) to try, with gen.; k.
gi, n. king’s berth; -nafn, n. king’s title; afls, magns, to try (put forth) one’s
-nautr, m. king’s gift; -níðingr, m. strength; k. mans, to fall in love; B. þurfti
traitor to the king; -ríki, n. kingdom; alls at k., B. had to exert all his strength; k.
-setr, n. royal residence; -skrúði, m. kapps, to strive hard; (2) to exert oneself,
king’s apparel; -steði, m. the king’s strive, with infin. (í því, er hann kostar
stithy, the mint; -sveit, f. king’s retinue; upp at rísa); kostit svá keppa, at Guðrún
-sýsla, f. royal office, district; -sæti, n. kløkkvi, do your best to draw tears from
king’s seat, residence; -tekja, f. election G.; (3) to injure, hurt (bæði var kostat
of a king; -tign, f. royal dignity; -vígsla, hold hans ok bein); impers., þat fall var
f. coronation. svá mikit, at kostaði lærlegg hans, that
konung-sæll, a. blessed with good his thigh-bone was hurt; (4) k. e-n mikit,
kings (höfum vér verit -sælir). lítit, to cost one much, little; impers.,
kopar-kanna, f. copper can; -kross, kostar e-n e-t, it costs one so and so much,
m. copper cross. with the price in gen. (kostar þik þat
koparr, m. copper. nökkurs), or acc. (einn riddara kostar át-
kopar-stika, f. copper candlestick. ta merkr gulls sinn búnað); (5) to defray
koppr (-s, -ar), m. cup, small vessel. the expenses of (þat boð kostaði Unnr);
kordúnu-hosur, f. pl. hose of cordovan þú hefir kostat oss, thou hast entertained
leather. us.
korn, n. corn, grain (þar var hallæri á kosta- gen. pl. from ‘kostr’; -boð, n.
korni); oats (gefa hestum k.); in pl. stores favourable choice; -lauss, a. = -vanr;
of grain (hann flutti með sér mikil korn). -mikill, a. good, fine, valuable; -munr,
korn-amstr, n. corn-stack; -ár, n. m. difference in quality (eigi er -munr
crop; -árit brast, the crop failed. með ykkr).
korn-bretar, m. pl. the Britons of kostan, f. (1) pains, effort (lagði k. ok
Cornwall (Kornbreta-land). stund á at fremja kristni); (2) temptation

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kosta-vandr K kólna
(k. fjándans). varðveita kost hennar, look after her af-
kosta-vandr, a. fastidious; -vanr, a. fairs; (6) cost, expense = kostnaðr (þat
cheerless. skip höfðu bœjarmenn látit gøra af
kost-góðr, a. of good quality; -gripr, sínum kosti); (7) means, victuals, provi-
m. costly thing, choice thing; -gæfa (-ða, sions (bauð hann Oddi alla kosti með
-ðr), v. (1) to push on with a thing; -gæfa sér); (8) food (þat var siðr at fœra konum
eptirförina, to press the pursuit hard; (2) þeim kost, er á sæng hvíldu); (9) board
with infin., to strive, take pains (Þ. kost- (þá bauð Ketill fé fyrir kost hennar); (10)
gæði svá mjök at hjálpa föruneyti sínu); stores, goods (tvau skip hlaðin vænum
-gæfð, f., -gæfi, n. and f. painstaking, kosti); (11) good quality, good things; segja
care; með öllu -gæfi, with all diligence; kost ok löst á e-u, to tell both the good
-gæfliga, adv. with pains, diligently; and the bad of a thing; fær þú fátt af mér
-gæfligr, a., -gæfr, a. painstaking, dili- fríðra kosta, thou shalt get little good from
gent. me; (12) virtue, opp. to ‘löstr’; (13) ad-
kostigr, a. of good quality, choice. verb. usages, þat er til kostar, ef, it is well
kost-illr, a. of mean quality, poor; done, if; at þeim kosti, on that condition;
-lauss, a. of no use, bad; -ligr, a. desir- at öðrum kosti, else, otherwise; at síðasta,
able, advantageous; -móðr, a. heavy with efsta kosti, in the last instance, last emer-

K
food. gency; alls kostar, quite, in every respect;
kostnaðar-mikill, -samr, a. very eigi eins kostar, not very, not peculiar-
costly, expensive. ly; annars kostar, as for the rest; nökkurs
kostnaðr (gen. -ar), m. (1) cost, ex- kostar, in any wise; þess kostar, in this
pense; (2) maintenance, living. case, thus.
kostr (-ar, pl. -ir, acc. -i or -u), m. kostu-ligr, a. costly, excellent (hann
(1) choice, alternative (hann sá engan sinn hélt eina -liga veizlu).
kost annan); mun ek engan kost á gøra, I kost-vandr, a. fastidious.
will give no choice in the matter; (2) choice, kot, n. cottage, small farm, hut.
terms (hvern kost vili þér nú gøra Ingjal- kot-bóndi, m. cotter; -bœr, m. = kot;
di); hugsat hefi ek kostinn, I have thought -karl, m. cotter, cottager.
over the terms; (3) choice, chance, oppor- kotkarls-son, m. churl’s son.
tunity; k. er e-s, there is a chance (þat kot-lífi, n. humble life; -mannliga,
er hverjum manni boðit at leita sér lífs, adv. meanly, in a beggarly way.
meðan k. er); eiga e-s kost, to have a kotungr (-s, -ar), m. = kotkarl.
choice of (eiga slíkra manna kost); eiga kóf, n. thick vapour, steam.
alls kosti við e-n, to have one altogether kóf-viðri, m. thick fall of snow.
in one’s power; (4) match (Sigríðr hét dót- kólfr (-s, -ar), m. (1) clapper, tongue of
tir hans ok þótti bezir k. á Hálogalandi); a bell; (2) a kind of bolt; svá skjótt (snart)
hann spyrr, hverr eigi að ráða fyrir kosti sem kólfi skjóti (skyti), swift as an arrow.
hennar, who was to give her away; (5) kólf-skot, n. bolt-shot.
state, condition; sjá fyrir sínum kosti, to kólga, f. poet. wave, billow.
take care of oneself; síðan lét Símon kólna (að), v. to become cold (veðrit

307
kólnan K krellr
kólnar); impers., e-m kólnar, one gets krap, n. half thawed snow, slush.
cold (oss kólnar á knjánum). krapa-drífa, f. shower of sleet; -för, f.
kólnan, f. cooling down, getting colder drift of thawed ice (in a river).
(þá er sólargangr í k.). krapi, m. = krap.
kóng-, see ‘konung-’. krappa-rúm, n. ‘strait-room’ (a place
kóngr (-s, -ar), m. = konungr. before a ship’s ‘lypting’).
kópa (-ta, -t), v. to stare, gape. krappr, a. (1) strait, narrow (kröpp
kór-bók, f. choir-book, hymn-book; leið); koma í krappan stað, to get into
-dyrr, f. pl. choir-door; -kápa, f. choir- straits; (2) sharp, crafty (kröpp Guðrún).
cope. krapta-, gen. pl. from ‘kraptr’; -lán,
kóróna, f. crown, = krúna. n. gifts of strength (power); -lifnaðr, m.,
kóróna (að), v. to crown, = krúna. -lif, n. virtuous life; -lítill, a. weak,
kór-prestr, n. choir-priest. wanting strength; -maðr, m. strong (virtu-
kórr (gen. kórs), m. choir, chancel. ous) man; -mikill, a. strong.
kórs-bróðir, m. canon, = kanúkr. krapt-auðigr, a. (1) very powerful; (2)
kór-smíð, f. building of a choir; -þili, highly virtuous.
n. panel of the choir. kraptr (-s, -ar), m. (1) might, strength,
krabba-mark, -merki, n. the zodiacal power; með öllum krapti, with might and
sign Cancer. main; (2) virtue; (3) superhuman being,
krabbi, m. a crab (k. gengr öfugr angel.
löngum). krá, f. nook, corner.
krafa, f. claim, demand. kráka, f. crow (galandi k.).
krafla (að), v. to make (slight) pawing krákr, m. crow or raven.
movements with the hands. kráku-skel, f. mussel; -stigr, m.
krafsa (að), v. to paw, scrape, or scratch ‘crow-path’, crooked way, zigzag; -ungi,
with the feet (uxinn krafsaði sem hross). m. young crow.
kraka (að), v. (1) to furnish with pales; krás, f. dainty (dýrðligar krásir).
(2) to grip the bottom (tóku þá akkerin at kredda, f. creed (Lat. credo).
k.); (3) k. e-t upp, to fetch up from the bot- krefja (kref, krafða, krafðr and
tom (krökuðu þeir hann upp ok fluttu til krafinn), v. to crave, demand, claim (k.
lands). e-n e-s); k. e-n máls, orða, to ask speech
kraki, m. (1) pale, stake; (2) thin pole; of one (engi þorði at k. hann orða); hann
(3) a kind of drag or boat-hook. krafði dura, he asked to be let in, knocked
krak-ligr, a. slender, thin and weak. at the door; refl., krefjast, to claim, with
krammr, a. half thawed (k. snjór). gen. (krafðist Hávarðr torfunnar).
kranga (að), v. to creep along. kregð, f. pining away, a nickname.
krangr, a. weak, frail. kreista (-sta, -str), v. to squeeze,
krank-dómr, m., -dœmi, n. ailing, ill- press; fig. to force, compel.
ness; -leikr, m. = -dómr. kreisting, f. squeezing, pressing.
krankr, a. (1) ill, silk; mér er krankt, I krellr, m. pith, spirit, hardihood (engi
am ill; (2) sore, distressing. krellr er í yðr).

308
kremja (krem, kramada,
kramiðr, kramdr K krossa-laust
kremja (krem, kramada, kramiðr, en for the support of the poor).
kramdr, or kraminn), v. to squeeze kristi-liga, adv. in a Christian-like
(hann kramdi hold af beinum); refl., way; -ligr, a. Christian(like).
kremjast, to be pinched, pine (from a kristin-dómr, m. Christendom, Chris-
wasting sickness). tianity (also ‘kristinn dómr’).
krenkja (-ta, -tr), v. to make sick. kristinn, a. Christian; kristin lög, ec-
kreppa (-ta, -tr), v. to squeeze, press; clesiastical law.
k. at e-m, to press hard on one (krepptu krist-maðr, m. champion of Christ.
þeir svá hart at þorgrími, at hann); im- kristna (að), v. (1) to christianize; (2)
pers., e-n kreppir, one becomes crippled; to christen, baptize.
krepptr, crippled (hón var kreppt öll, svá kristni, f. Christianity, Christendom.
at báðir fœtr lágu bjúgir við knén). kristni-boð, n., -boðan, f. preaching
kreppa, krepping, f. strait, scrape (ko- the Gospel; -hald, n. keeping Christiani-
ma í kreppu). ty; -lög, n. pl. = kristin lög; -spell, n.
kreppingr, m. handful (hafa krepping breach, profanation of Christianity.
fullan). kristr (gen. krists), m. Christ.
kretta (pret. kratt), v. to murmur, krikar, m. pl. groin.
complain (engi þorði um at kretta). krjúpa (krýp; kraup, krupum;

K
krikta (-kta, -kt), v. = kretta (þeir kropinn), v. (1) to creep, crouch (vóru
þoldu illa, ok kriktu um). dyrnar svá lágar, at nær varð at k. inn);
kring, adv. round; ganga í hring ok í (2) to fall prostrate, kneel (þá er vér kr-
kring, all around, round and round; í kring júpum til hans með iðran).
um, around, with acc. (þú skalt róa í krof, n. cut-up carcase of a slaughtered
kring um skútuna). animal (cf. sauðarkrof).
kringja (-da, -dr), v. (1) to encircle, kropna (að), v. (1) to be crippled; (2)
surround (Birkibeinar kringdu bæinn þe- to be clenched, stiffened (var höndin krop-
gar); usually with prep. ‘um’ (þeir kring- nuð at bréfinu).
du um kirkjuna); (2) to go round (kringið kropning, f. kneeling.
um borgina). kroppa (að), v. to crop, pick.
kringla, f. disk, circle, orb. kroppin-bakr, m. hump-back.
kringlóttr, a. round, circular. kroppr (-s, -ar), m. the body, trunk
kringlu-skurðr, m. tonsure; -sótt, f. (kroppr arnarins).
the staggers (in sheep). kross (pl. -ar), m. (1) cross, crucifix;
kringr, a. easy; svá var honum k. (2) sign of the cross; í k., cross-wise, in the
skáldskapr sem öðrum mönnum mál sitt, form of a cross (leggja hendr í k.; rétta sik
verse-making was as easy to him as speak- í k.).
ing to other men. krossa (að), v. to mark with a cross; re-
krisma (að), v. to anoint. fl., krossast, to take the cross (as a crusad-
krisma, n., krismi, m. chrism. er).
krismu-ker, n. chrismatorv. krossa-laust, adv. without making the
krist-fé, n. ‘Christ-fee’ (property giv- sign of the cross.

309
krossan K kumbl
krossan, f. taking the cross. krytja (krutta, krutt), v. to mur-
kross-festa (-sta, -str), v. to fasten mur, grumble (k. um e-t).
to the cross, crucify; -festing, f. cruci- krytr, m. noise, murmur.
fixion; -hús, n. house containing a cross; kræki-ber, n. crowberry.
-maðr, m. warrior of the cross; -mark, n. kræsast (t), v. to fare sumptuously.
sign of the cross; -messa, f. Cross-mass, krœkill, m. = krókstafr.
twice a year, in the spring (-messa um krœkja (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to hook, with
várit), the 3rd of May, Invention of the dat. (hann krœkti handarstúfinum í
Cross, and in autumn, the 14th of Sept., kistuhringana); krœkt er saman beinum
Elevation of the Cross; -tíðir, f. pl. Hours í þér, thy bones are hooked together, i. e.
of the Cross. badly knit; (2) to grasp (drag) with a hook,
króka-spjót, n. barbed spear. with acc. (Þ. krœkti mann Sturlu at sér
krók-faldr, m. a form of women’s með øxinni); (3) to go in circuits, in wind-
head-dress; -fjöðr, f. barbed head of a ings (fjörðrinn krœkti ymsa vegu inn í
spear; -lykill, m. hook-shaped key. landit); (4) vera inni krœktr, to be shut in.
krókóttr, a. (1) crooked, win krókótt kröf (gen. krafar, pl. krafir), f.
á, winding river; (2) cunning, crafty. claim, demand.
krók-pallr, m. corner seat. kröm (gen. kramar; pl. kramar), f.
krókr (-s, -ar), m. (1) hook (nef hans long or wasting illness.
var mikit ok krókr á); (2) barb, on a spear kröptugr, a. strong, vigorous.
or arrow-head (cf. krókaspjót, krókör); kröpturligan, adv. with might and
(3) peg (þeir tóku reip ofan ór krókum); main (róa k., viz. róðr).
(4) a fire-hook; (5) curve, bend, winding; kufl, m. cowl, cowled cloak; -höttr,
rista krók, not to go straight; gøra sér kró- m. cowl; -maðr, m. cowl-man.
ka, to make a detour; (6) corner (nú gangit kuflungr (-s, -ar), m. cowl-man.
þér í krókinn hjá húsinu). kuggr (-s, -ar), m. large (foreign) mer-
krók-stafr, m. crooked stick. chant-ship, ‘cog’.
krók-ör, f. barbed arrow. kukl, n. juggling, sorcery.
krumma, f. clownish hand, paw. kuklara-skapr, m. = kukl.
krummi, m. a pet name of a raven. kuklari, m. juggler, wizard.
krúna, f. (1) crown; (2) shaven crown, kul, n. breeze (fagrt k.).
tonsure. kulda-samr, a. cold, chilly; -vatn, n.
krúna (að), v. to crown. cold water; -vetr, n. cold weather.
krydd, n. spice. kuldi, m. (1) cold; pl. kuldar, continued
kryfja (kryf, krufða, krufðr and cold weather (váru frost mikil ok kuldar);
krufinn), v. to open up, disembowel (þá (2) fig. coldness, frigidity (kenna kulda af
krufði hann hana sinn). e-m).
krymma, f. = krumma. kult, n. quill, counterpane.
kryppa, f. hump, hunch. kul-víss, a. sensitive to cold.
kryppill, krypplingr, m. cripple. kumbl, kuml, n. (1) mark, sign, badge;
krysja (krusta), v. to crouch, linger. (2) sepulchral monument, cairn (þau liggja

310
kumbla K kurr
bæði í kumli). be well pleased with that name; (10) to be
kumbla, kumla (að), v. to bruise, able, with infin.; þú skalt eigi k. frá tíðin-
wound (sárr ok kumlaðr). dum at segja, thou shalt not escape to tell
kumbla-smiðr, m. ‘wound-maker’, war- the tale; (11) to chance, happen; hvar sem
rior, hero (poet.). þik kann at at bera, wheresoever thou may
kumbl-búi, m. cairn-dweller. happen to arrive.
kumbl-dys, f. little cairn. kunnandi, pr. p. knowing (margs k.).
kumpánn (-s, -ar), m. (1) fellow, com- kunnandi, f. knowledge, accomplish-
panion; (2) the male organ. ments (nökkurs konar list eða k.).
kumpáss, m. = kompáss. kunnasta, f., kunnátta, f. knowl-
kunna (kann, kunna, kunnat), v. (1) edge; magical lore.
to know, understand (þú kannt margt þat kunnáttu-leysi, n. ignorance;
er eigi kunnu aðrir menn); (2) to know -lítill, a. ignorant.
(by memory); ljóð ek þau kann, er kannat kunn-gøra (see gøra), v. to make
þjóðans kona, I know songs, such as no known (=gøra kunnigt).
king’s daughter knows; (3) to know a per- kunnigr, a. (1) known; gøra kunnigt,
son; unni honum hverr maðr, er hann to make known; mér er kunnigt um e-t,
(acc.) kunni, every man that knew him I know, have knowledge of; (2) versed in

K
loved him; (4) spec. phrases; k. hóf at um magic art, = fjölkunnigr; (3) akin to (ás-,
e-t, k. hóf sitt, to know the proper mean, álf-, goð-kunnigr).
to behave with moderation; uxarnir kunnu kunningi (pl. -jar), m. acquaintance
þó heim, the oxen found their way home; (vinir ok kunningjar).
k. enga mannraun to have no experience kunn-kona, f. female acquaintance;
of men; k. e-m þökk, aufusu, to be thank- -leiki, m., -leikr, m. (1) knowledge, in-
ful, obliged to one; (5) k. sik, to know one- telligence; gøra e-m e-t í -leika, to inform
self (sá er svinnr, er sik kann); to behave a person of; e-m er -leiki á e-u, e-t er e-m í
well (G. kveðst mundu meiða hann, ef kunnleika, one knows, is acquainted with;
hann kynni sik eigi); (6) k. sér e-t, to un- (2) intimacy, familiarity (-leikar eru með
derstand, have clear knowledge of (some- þeim, í milli þeirra); -liga, adv. familiar-
thing as concerning oneself or touching ly, intimately (kveðjast -liga); -maðr, m.
one’s own interest); k. sér margt, to be = kunningi.
skilled in many things; k. fyrir sér = k. kunnr, a. (1) known (þér munu kunnar
sér; also ellipt. know how to conduct one- leiðir); k. at e-u, known for something (þú
self; (7) with dat. to know; ek kan skapi ert k. at drengskap); (2) familiar; þeir
Gunnhildar, I know Gunhild’s temper; (8) vóru mjök kunnir áðr, intimate friends.
k. e-n e-s or um e-t, to blame a person kurfi, n. cuttings of wood.
for a thing (eigi hugða ek, at hann mætti kurfla (að), v. to chop (wood).
mik þessa k.); eigi er hann um þat at k., kurfr (-s, -ar), m. chip, cut-off piece.
he is not to be blamed for it; (9) to be kurr, m. (1) murmur, grumbling (of a
pleased or not with a thing; Eyjúlfr lézt number of persons); (2) rumour (spurðist
því nafni mundu vel k., E. said he should þessi k. í Vindland).

311
kurra K kveða
kurra (að), v. to murmur, grumble (kur- kvantr, m. loss, damage.
ruðu bœndr mjök). kvarði, m. yard-wand.
kurr-hugi, m. low spirits; vera í -huga, kvarta (að), v. to complain; k. um e-t,
to be anxious, concerned. to complain of a thing.
kurteisi, f. courtesy, good manners, kvartsamr, a. given to complaining.
chivalry (hann lét kenna honum alls kváma, f. arrival, = koma.
konar k.). kván, f. wife (Heðins k.).
kurteis-liga, adv. (1) courteously, kvánar-efni, n. one’s future wife;
gracefully (heilsa -liga); (2) with dignity, -mundr, m. a sum paid by a man for his
nobly (bar hann svá -liga sinn harm); wife.
-ligr, a. courteous, graceful. kván-bœnir, f. pl. wooing; -fang, n.
kurteiss, a. courteous, well-bred (væn taking a wife; marriage; match (gott
kona ok kurteis); hann var lítill vexti, en -fang), wife.
þó k., he was small of stature, but yet ele- kvánga (að), v. to make a man marry;
gant. kvángaðr, married; refl., kvángast, to
kúfóttr, a. convex (kúfótt hvel). marry, take a wife.
kúfungr (-s, -ar), m. sea snail. kvángan, f. the taking of a wife.
kúga (að), v. to cow, force, tyrannize kván-lauss, a. wifeless, unmarried,
over (ek man ekki k. hann til nökkurra widowed; -ríki, n. the domineering of a
hluta); k. e-t af e-m, to press out of one; lá- wife; hafa -ríki, to be hen-pecked.
ta kúgast, to let oneself be cowed into sub- kvára (að), v. to rattle.
mission. kvátra, f. a kind of backgammon.
kúgan, f. oppression, use of force (hafðu kveða (kveð; kvað, kváðum; kveðinn),
k. við þá uppi við fjöllin). v. (1) to say, utter; hann kvað eigi orð, he
kú-gildi, n. cow’s value, = kýrlag; did not utter a word; k. gleði-orð, to say a
-gildr, a. of a cow’s value. cheerful word; with infin., hann kvað þat
kúla, f. knob, boss, ball. satt vera, he said it was true; k. at orði,
kúlu-bakr, m. humpback. to express oneself, say, speak; (2) to (com-
kúr-hugi, m. = kurr-hugi. pose and) say aloud (hann kvað vísu); to
kvaða, f. request, claim, demand. recite, repeat (S. bað hann þá k. kvæðit
kvaðning, f. (1) greeting, salutation; (2) þat, er hann hafði ort); (3) with preps.,
request, demand. k. at, to say, state; gramm. to pronounce,
kvaka (að), v. to twitter, chirp. sound; k. e-t at e-m, to inflict on; mikill
kvak-samr, a. whining, querulous. harmr er at oss kveðinn, great grief has
kvala-, gen. pl. from ‘kvöl’; -lauss, a. been sent on us; k. á, to fix, determine (k.
without torments; -maðr, m. = kvalari; á stefnudag); impers. to state; kveðr þar
-staðr, m. place of torment. skýrt á þetta, it is there expressly stated;
kvalari, m. tormentor. to cancel, object to (k. á gögn, to cancel the
kval-ræði, n. torture, torments. evidence) to make up one’s mind, resolve;
kval-samligr, a. tormenting. k. e-t upp, to recite, declare (þat skulu lög
kvanta (að), v. to molest, injure. vera, sem hann kveðr upp); k. við, to re-

312
kveðandi K kveld-langt
ply, answer (hitki hann veit, hvat hann call one out of the house (hann kvaddi út
skal við k., ef); to utter a cry, &c. (hun- Höskuld ok Hrút).
drinn kvað við hátt); to sound (því næst kveðja, f. welcome, greeting, salutation
kvað lúðr við); (4) refl., kveðast, to say (konungr tók kveðju hans).
of oneself; þeir er biskupar kváðust vera, kveðju-boð, n., -sending, f. greeting
who said they were bishops; hann kveðst from one absent, compliments.
eigi ríða mundu, he said he would not ride; kveð-skapr, m. poetry, verse-making
impers., mér kveðsk = ek kveð mér; Kára (góðr, illr, -skapr).
kvaðsk (= Kári kvað sér) önnur ferð betri kvefja (kvafða), v. = kefja.
þykkja, K. said he thought another course kveif, f. coif, cap, esp. mitre.
preferable; kveðast at, to exchange verses kveiking, f. kindling.
or songs. kveikja (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to light, kin-
kveðandi, f. (1) recitation, chanting or dle; k. eld, ljós, to kindle a fire, light; (2)
singing (fögr var sú k. at heyra); (2) fig. to arouse, give rise to (k. sorg, harm,
rhythm, flow of a verse (þó fegra þær mjök fjándskap).
í k.). kveikja, f. kindling (öfundar k.).
kveðja (kveð, kvaddi, kvaddr), v. (1) kveikr, m. wick of a lamp.
to call on, summon (Þórvaldr kvaddi kvein, n. wailing, lamentation.

K
húskarla sína); k. e-n e-s, to request (de- kveina (að), v. to wail, lament; k. um
mand) of one; k. matar, svefns, to call e-t, to com plain of (er hér kveinat um el-
for food, sleep; k. sér hljóðs, to call for a diviðarfæð).
hearing; k. þings, to convoke a meeting; kveinan, f. wailing.
k. e-n e-s, to call on, summon, one to do kveinka (að), v. to complain.
something (vóru vér kvaddir at bera vitni kveinkan, f. lamentation.
þat); (2) to welcome, greet (þeir kvöddu kvein-samligr, a. doleful; -stafir, m.
konung); of one departing, to bid pl. wailings, lamentations.
farewell, take leave of (hann gengr nú í kveisa, f. whitlow, boil (hann hefir
brott ok kveðr engan mann); refl., kveð- kveisu mikla í fœtinum).
jast, to greet one another (þeir kvöddust kveisu-nagli, m. the core of a boil.
vel); (3) with preps., k. e-n at e-u, to call kveld, n. evening; at kveldi (dags), at
on a person to do a thing, call his attention eventide; í k., to-night; á kveldit, á kvel-
to (þik kveð ek at þessu); k. e-n frá e-u, to dum, of an evening, in the evenings; um
exclude from, deprive of (ek hefi opt menn kveldit, in the evening, that evening.
frá æfi kvadda, er eigi vildu hlýða mínum kvelda (að), v. impers., kveldar or
boðum); k. e-n til e-s, to call on one for daginn tekr at k., evening draws near.
a thing (k. menn til ferðar); k. e-n upp, kveld-langt, adv. all the evening
to call on one to rise (síðan vaknaði Haral- (drekka -langt); -ligr, a. pertaining to
dr ok kvaddi upp menn sína); to summon evening; -mál, n. eventide; -máltíð, f.
to arms; síðan safnaði hann liði ok kveðr supper; -riða, f. night-hag, witch (riding
upp almenning, after that he gathered men on wolves in the twilight); -seta, f. sit-
and roused the whole country; k. e-n út, to ting up late; -svæfr, a. inclined to sleep

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kvelja K kviða
in the evening, opp. to ‘morgunsvæfr’; gr, m. kindred on the woman’s side, the
-söngr, m. evensong, vespers (eptir cognates; -liga, adv., -ligr, a. womanly,
kveldsöng um aptaninn); -tími, m. even- womanlike; -list, f. female skill; -maðr,
tide. m. woman, opp. to ‘karlmaðr’; -mannli-
kvelja (kvel, kvalda, kvaldr and gr, a. womanlike; -nýtr, a. able to pro-
kvalinn), v. to torment, torture; refl., create; -samliga, adv. lasciviously (mæla
kveljast, to be tormented (k. í vesöld). kv. við konu); -samr, a. amorous; -semi,
kveljari, m. tormentor. f. amorousness; -sift, adv. on the female
kvelling, f. ailment, ailing. side; -skikkja, f. woman’s cloak; -skrat-
kvellinga-samr, a. ailing. ti, m. wicked woman, termagant;
kvelli-sjúkr, a. ailing, sickly (ekki -skrúði, m. women’s attire; -skygn, a.
hefi ek verit -sjúkr); -sótt, f. = kvelling looking after women; -skörungr, m.
(engar hefi ek -sóttar). great (stately) lady; -styrkr, a. strong
kvendi, n. woman, pl. womankind. enough for a woman; -svift, adv. = -sift;
kvenna-, gen. pl. from ‘kona’; -ást, f. -söðull, m. woman’s saddle, side-saddle;
women’s love; -búnaðr, m. women’s at- -úmagi, m. female pauper; -váðir, f. pl.
tire; -far, n. love affairs; -fólk, n. woman’s dress, female attire; -vélar, f. pl.
women-folk; -friðr, m. immunity of woman’s wiles.
women; -grið, n. = -friðr; -hjal, n. kvenska, f. womanhood, chastity.
women’s gossip; -hús, n. lady’s bower; kver, n. sheet (folded in a book).
-klæðnaðr, m. female dress; -lið, n. kverk (pl. kverkr), f. (1) the angle be-
women-folk; -maðr, m. one fond of low the chin (hann tók undirkverkina ok
women; -mál, n. pl. love matters; -munr, kyssti hana); fig. the inner angle of an axe-
m. distinction of women; -nám, n. abduc- head (undir k. øxinni); (2) in pl. throat
tion, rape; -ráð, n. pl. women’s counsel; (konungr fór höndum um kverkr svein-
-siðr, m. habits of women; -skap, n. inum).
women’s temper; -skáli, m. women’s kverka-mein, a. bronchitis; -sótt, f.
apartment; -skipan, f. placing of the throat disease; -sullr, m. boil in the
ladies (at a banquet); -sveit, f. bevy of throat, quinsy.
women; -vagn, m. the Lesser Bear (Ursa kverk-band, n. string of a cap or hood,
Minor); -vist, f. women’s abode. going under the chin.
kvenn-borinn, pp. cognate; -búnaðr, kvern (pl. -ir), f. (1) quern-stone, mill-
m. women’s dress; -dýr, n. female beast; stone; (2) quern, handmill (þar sat kona
-folk, n. women-folk; -fugl, m. hen við k.).
bird; -hallr, a. inclined to love, amorous; kvernar-auga, n. the eye or hole of a
-kenna (-da, -dr), v. to address as a mill-stone.
woman; -kenndr, pp. feminine; -klæði, kvern-steinn, m. quern-stone mill-
n. pl. women’s dress; -kné, n. cognate lin- stone (hjó hann -stein til augans).
eage; female degree of kin; -kostr, m. kveyking, kveykja, see ‘kveiking,
good match (of a woman); -kyn, n. female kveikja’.
sex; -kyrtill, m. woman’s kirtle; -leg- kviða, f. narrative poem, ballad.

314
kviðar-girnd K kviða
kviðar-girnd, f. gluttony. kviknan, f. quickening.
kvið-burðr, m. verdict, or deilvery of kvikr (acc. -van), a. (1) quick, alive, liv-
the verdict, of neighbours. ing (yfir þá götu náði engi k. komast);
kviðja (að), v. to forbid (k. e-m e-t); re- skera e-n kvikvan, to dissect alive; (2)
fl., kviðjast e-t, to decline, shun. lively, glad (svá verðr herrinn k. við þen-
kviðlingr (-s, -ar), m. ditty. na kvitt, at).
kvið-maðr, m. ‘inquest-man’, juror. kvik-setja (see setja), v. to bury alive
kviðr (-ar; pl. -ir, acc. -u), m. (1) ver- (hann lét kviksetja sik); -silfr, n. quick-
dict (of neighbours); bera kvið um e-t, silver, mercury.
to give a verdict in a case; bera kvið á e- kviku-dropi, m. drop of a fluid.
n, í móti e-m (af e-m), to give a verdict kvikva, f. = kvika.
against (for, in favour of) one; (2) inquest, kvikva-vöðvi, m. the calf of the leg.
jury; kveðja e-n kviðar, to call (a neigh- kvikvendi, n. a living creature; in pl.
bour) on an inquest; ryðja kviðinn, bjóða animals, beasts, as opp. to men (menninir
til ruðningar um kviðinn, to challenge the ok kykvendin).
jury; (3) saying, word; k. norna, the decree kvinna, f. woman, = kona.
of the Fates (kveld lifir maðr ekki eptir kvis, n. rumour, tattle.
kvið norna). kvisa (að), v. to gossip, whisper.

K
kviðr (-ar; pl. -ir, acc. -u), m. (1) bel- kvista (að), v. (1) to lop off cut the
ly, abdomen; (2) womb. branches of (k. lim, tré); þeir kvistuðu þar
kvið-sótt, f. colic; -sullr, m. boil on bál mikit, they cut wood for a large fire; (2)
the stomach. to cut down (k. menn niðr sem hráviði).
kviðugr, a. pregnant. kvistr (-ar; pl. -ir, acc. -u), m. twig,
kviðu-háttr, m. a kind of metre. branch; stroke in a letter.
kvið-þroti, m. swelling of the stomach; kvist-skœðr, a. branch-scathing.
-verkr, m. belly-ache. kvitta (að), v. to rumour, report.
kvika, f. (1) the quick (under the nail or kvittr (pl. -ir, acc. -u), m. loose ru-
under a horse’s hoof); (2) running fluid; mour, report (sögðu af því slíkan kvitt,
yeast; (3) k. í nösum, polypus in the nos- sem þeir höfðu heyrt); ljósta upp kvitt, to
trils (?). spread reports.
kvik-fé, n., -fénaðr, m. live stock, cat- kvittr, a. quit, acquitted (k. um e-t).
tle (þu skalt njóta kvikfjár þíns). kvittsamr, a. ready to believe (or re-
kvikindi, n. = kykvendi. peat) idle rumours.
kvik-látr, a. quick, lively; -liga, adv. kví (pl. -ar), f. (1) fold, pen (reka fé í
briskly; -ligr, a. brisk, lively. kvíar); (2) a lane of men gradually narrow-
kvikna (að), v. (1) to quicken, come to ing (also in pl.).
life (dvergar höfðu kviknat í moldunni, kvía (að), v. to pen, hem in, enclose.
svá sem maðkar í holdi); (2) to be kindled kvía-dyrr, f. pl. gate of a fold; -garðr,
(eldr kviknar); tréit kviknaði, the tree m. pen-wall.
took fire; (3) to revive, get fresh spirit (þá kviða (-dda, -tt), v. to feel apprehen-
kviknaði hestr hans, er fyrr var móðr). sion for (k. e-u or við e-u).

315
kvíða K kynja-lauss
kvíða, f. apprehension, anxiety. kylfa (-da), v. to aim; k. til orðanna, to
kvíð-bjóðr, m. dismal foreboding. hesitate for words.
kvíði, m. = kvíða (hvárki er þat æðra né kylfa, f. club (k. eða klumba).
kvíði). kylfu-högg, n. blow with a club.
kvíðinn, a. anxious, timid, concerned kyllir, m. the scrotum.
(cf. ‘kátr ok ókviðinn’). kylr, m. gust of cold air.
kviðu-staðr, m. cause of fear. kyn (gen. pl. kynja), n. (1) kin, kindred
kvíga (gen. pl. kvígna), f. young cow, (þar átti hann k. hálft); danskr at kyni,
heifer; kvígendi, n. = kvíga; kvígr, m. Danish by extraction; telja k. sitt til e-
young bullock. s, to claim kindred with; (2) kind, sort,
kvísl (pl. -ir), f. (1) branch (of a tree); species; ískyldasta kyni, of the most befit-
(2) fork; (3) fork of a river; (4) pedigree of ting kind; alls kyns, of every kind; hvers
a family. kyns, of any kind; margs kyns, of many
kvísla (að), v. to branch out; refl., kvís- kinds; þess kyns, of that kind; (3) gender
last = kvísla (of a tree, lineage, river, (karl-, kvenn-kyn).
etc.). kyn (gen. pl. kynja), n. wonder marvel,
kvísla-tré, n. forked tree. portent (þá urðu mörg k. bæði í draumum
kvíslóttr, a. branched, branchy. ok sýnum).
kvora (að), v. = kvára. kyn-birtr, a., poet. very bright.
kvæða-fróðr, a. knowing many songs kynda (-nda, -ndr), v. to kindle, light
or poems by heart. (k. eld, funa, loga, bál, vita).
kvæði, n. poem, song (yrkja k.). kyndari, m. kindler.
kvæðis-laun, n. pl. reward for a poem; kyndill (pl. kyndlar), m. candle,
-mynd, f. form of a poem. torch (k. ok kerti).
kvæfa (-ða, -ðr), v. = kœfa. kyndil-messa, f. Candlemas, the feast
kvækla (að), v. = kvaka. of the purification.
kvæmt, a. n. free (for one) to come (er kyndugr, a. guileful, cunning.
engum yðrum manni k. í Noreg). kyndug-skapr, m. guile, wiliness.
kvæn, f. = kván. kyn-ferð, f., -ferði, n. kindred, ex-
kvæna (-da, -dr), v. to make one marry; traction; -fylgja, f. (1) family character-
refl., kvænast, to take a wife. istic, peculiarity; (2) kind, nature; (3) kin-
kvændr, kvæntr, pp. married (of a dred.
man), = kvángaðr. kyngi, f. knowledge of magic; kyngi
kvæning, f. taking a wife, marriage. kraptr, magical power.
kvöð (gen. kvaðar, pl. kvaðar), f. (1) kyn-goðr, a. of good family; -göfugr,
claim; (2) summoning of neighbours (= a. of noble extraction.
búakvöð); (3) the body of neighbours. kynjaðr, a. descended, born; sprung
kvöl (gen. kvalar, pl. kvalar), f. tor- from a place (hvaðan ertu k.?).
ment, torture. kynja-lauss, a. ‘without wonders’, nat-
kykr, a. = kvikr. ural; er eigi -laust um hann, there is some-
kykvendi, n. = kvikvendi. thing wrong with him; -læti, n. pl.

316
kyn-kvísl K kyrtill
strange gestures; -mein, n. strange illness; kyn-ríkr, a. of great extraction, noble
-menn, m. pl. ‘wonder people’, fairies, (stórauðgir ok kynríkir).
goblins; -sótt, f. = -mein; -vetr, m. kynsl, n. pl. wonders, strange things.
‘wonder-winter’. kyn-slóð, f. kindred, progeny.
kyn-kvísl, f. lineage, pedigree; branch; kyns-maðr, m. kinsman, descendant.
-leggr, m. = ætt-leggr. kyn-smár, a. of low extraction; -smæð,
kyn-liga, adv. strangely. f. low extraction; -stafr, m. scion;
kynlig-leikr, m. a strange thing. -stórr, a. of noble extraction.
kyn-ligr, a. strange, wonderful, extra- kynstr, n. pl. strange, prodigious
ordinary (með kynligu móti); e-m gørist things; magical acts or arts.
-ligt, one feels strange. kyn-stœrð, f. noble extraction; -sæll,
kyn-líkr, a. resembling (-líkr e-m); a. blessed with good and great offspring;
-lítill, a. of low extraction; -margr, a. -vani, a. wanting in kindred; -þáttr, m.
of various kinds; -mót, n. (specific) look or lineage.
appearance. kyrð, f. rest, tranquillity; með k., quiet-
kynna (-ta, -tr), v. to make known; k. ly; í (at, á) kyrðum, in quiet.
sér e-t, to make oneself acquainted with, kyrfi-ligr, a. humble, mean.
study (k. sér kaupskap); hverr mun k. oss kyrking, f. choking, strangulation.

K
til konungs, who will show us the way to kyrkja (-ta, -tr), v. to strangle or choke
the king; refl., kynnast, to become known, (hengdr eða kyrktr).
come abroad; k. e-u, to become acquainted kyrpingr (-s, -ar), m. weakling (?).
with; e-m kynnist e-t, one gets acquainted kyrr, a. (1) still, quiet, at rest; halda
with; k. e-t, to study (= kynna sér e-t); k. vápni kyrru, to hold a weapon at rest; sitja
við e-n, to make acquaintance with one. um kyrt, to remain quiet; setjast um
kynni, n. (1) way, fashion, nature kyrt, to take to rest (in life); halda kyrru
(kaupum vel saman, þat er vina k.); (2) fyrir, not to stir; (2) neut., kyrt, as adv.
affairs, circumstances (þau ein eru k. gently; tak þú kyrt þar á, touch it gently.
heima at þín); (3) kindred, kinsmen (mér kyrra (-ða, -ðr), v. to calm, still; im-
þykkir sem þú munir eiga hér k.); Glúmr pers., kyrrir sjáinn, the sea becomes calm;
var þrjár nætr at k. sínu, with his kins- refl., kyrrast, to become calm (en er
men; (4) friendly visit to a friend or kins- kyrðist á strætinu).
man; leita (koma til) kynnis, sœkja k., kyrra, f. calmness, calm (kyrra var á
fara á k., fara til kynnis, to make a visit; sjónum).
sitja at k., to stay on a visit. kyrr-látr, a. calm, peaceful, tranquil;
kynni-liga, adv. = kunnliga (þeir -leikr, m. tranquillity; -liga, adv. quiet-
kvöddust kynniliga). ly, calmly; -ligr, a. calm; -seta, f. sitting
kynning, f. acquaintance with, knowl- (living) at rest; setjast í -setu, to take rest
edge of (k. e-s). in life; hafa -setu, to have rest; -setja (see
kynnis-ferð, f. journey on a visit; setja), v. to sequester; -sæti, n. = -seta.
-gjöf, f. gift to a visitor; -leit, -sókn, f. kyrtill (-s, pl. kyrtlar), m. kirtle,
visit; -vist, f. stay on a visit. tunic (k. ok yfirhöfn).

317
kyrtils-blað K köppu-steinn
kyrtils-blað, n. the lap of a kirtle; self with one; -liga, adv. lovingly, dearly;
-klæði, n. cloth for a kirtle; -lauss, a. -ligr, a. dear, beloved; loving.
without a kirtle; -skaut, n. = -blað. kærr, a. (1) dear, beloved (k. e-m); (2)
kyssa (-ta, -tr), v. to kiss; k. á hönd e- intimate, close (var með þeim hin kærsta
m, to kiss one’s hand (in homage); recipr., vinátta); (3) k. at e-m, fond of (k. at
kyssast, to kiss one another. góðum hestum).
kyssi-ligr, a. fit to be kissed. kærsla, f. complaint, = kæra.
kytja, f. hovel, small cottage. kæta (-tta, -ttr), v. to gladden; refl.,
kýla (-da, -dr), v. to fill; k. vömb sína kætast, to be gladdened, rejoice (tók ko-
(k. sik) á e-u, to fill one’s belly with; k. öl, nungr at k).
to swill ale, drink hard. kæti, f. cheerfulness, gladness.
kýli, n. boil, abscess; grípa á kýlinu, to kœfa (-ða, -ðr), v. to choke, drown
touch a sore place. (þeir vildu k. hann í lauginni); k. ljós, to
kýll, m. bag; hann bar kýl Þórs, he car- quench a light.
ried Thor’s knapsack; karl ok k., beggar kœja, v. to disturb (rare).
and scrip. kœla (-da, -dr), v. to cool.
kými-liga, adv. in a funny manner; kœni, f. = kœnleikr.
-ligr, a. amusing, funny. kœn-leikr, m. cleverness, sagacity;
kýr (gen. kýr, dat. and acc. kú; pl. -liga, adv. cleverly, skilfully; -ligr, a. ju-
kýr, gen. kúa, dat. kúm), f. cow. dicious, prudent.
kýr-fóðr, n. cow’s fodder; -húð, f. kœnn, a. (1) wise; kœnna (gen. pl.)
cow’s hide; -hvalr, m. a kind of whale; hverr, every wise man; (2) skilful, expert;
-lag, n. a cow’s value. k. við e-t, skilful in a thing (k. við leika,
kækinn, a. ill-mannered. orrostur, allan riddaraskap).
kæna, f. a kind of boat. kœnska, f. craft, sagacity.
kæra (-ða, -ðr), v. (1) to discuss, debate köggull (pl. köglar), m. joint (in the
(þeir kærðu þetta um hríð milli sín); (2) fingers and toes).
to bring forward, mention; herra R. kærði kögla (að), v. to steal a glance (til e-s,
krankleik sinn, pleaded his illness; k. van- at one).
dræði sín fyrir e-m to disclose one’s trou- kögur-barn, n. bantling, infant.
bles to one; (3) to complain of (þeir kærðu kögurr (dat. kögri, pl. kögrar), m.
mjök áhlaup hans); (4) to accuse, make a a quilt with fringe, counterpane.
charge against one (k. e-n um þjófnað); k. kögur-sveinn, m. = -barn.
á e-n, to lay to one’s charge (Svíar kærðu kökkr (dat. kekki, pl. kekkir), m.
mjök á Hákon konung, at hann hafði lump, in ‘snækökkr’, snow-ball.
brennt Vermaland); k. sik, to complain, kölsugr, a. pert, saucy.
murmur (þegar bœndr tóku at kæra sik). kömbóttr, a. crested (cf. ‘kambr’).
kæra, f. complaint; murmur. köngull (pl. könglar), m. cluster,
kær-leikr, m. friendly terms, intimacy bunch, in ‘vínberjaköngull’.
(vera í miklum -leik, or -leikum við e-n); köngur-váfa, f. spider.
komast í -leika við e-n, to ingratiate one- köppu-steinn, m. boulder.

318
köpur-máll K köttr
köpur-máll, a. bantering; -yrði, n. pl. köstr (gen. kastar, dat. kesti; pl.
banter. kestir, acc. köstu), m. pile (bera
kör (gen. karar), f. bed (of sickness, saman í köst).
etc.); liggja í k., to lie bedridden; leggjast kösungr, m. sleeveless jacket.
í k., to become bedridden. köttr (gen. kattar, dat. ketti; pl.
kør, n. choice, election, = kjör. kettir, acc. köttu), m. cat (sér köt-
kös (gen. kasar), f. heap, pile. trinn músina?).

319
laða laki

L
rather silent; í nærra lagi, rather close;
þann dag svaf Unnr í lengra lagi, U. slept
that day longer than she was wont; Helias
var í fyrsta lagi spámanna, H. was one of
the first of prophets; í elzta lagi sona hans,
among the oldest of his sons; minnsta lag,
the least share.
laga (að), v. to prepare, make ready (la-
laða (að), v. (1) to bid, invite (l. gesti); gat var drykkju).
(2) to lead (l. menn til eilífrar sælu); (3) laga-, gen. pl. from ‘lög’; -afbrigði,
refl., laðast, to be drawn (laðast allir til n. breach of law; -beizla, f. lawful de-
Broddhelga). mand; -boð, n. statute; -bók, f. law-book,
lað-orð, n. invitation; þiggja -orð at e- = lögbók; -brjótr, m. law-breaker;
m, to accept an invitation. -brot, n. breach of law; -eiðr, m. lawful
laðrúnn, m. robber. oath, = lögeiðr; -frétt, f. legal inquiry;
lafa (lafi, lafða, lafat), v. to hang- -grein, f. article of law; -gæzla, f. main-
loosely, dangle. tenance of the law; -hald, n. keeping of
lafði, f. lady (þú ert vár lafði). the law; -hellur, f. pl. the tables of the
laf-hræddr, a. quaking with fear. law; -kaup, n. legal bargain; -kvánfang,
lag, n. (1) stratum, layer; (2) due place, n. lawful marriage; -lýritr, m., -lýrit-
right position; leggja stýri í l., to ship the ti, n. lawful protest; -löstr, m. evasion
rudder; ganga ór lagi, to go wrong; fóru nú of law; -maðr, m. man of law, lawyer;
brýnn hans í l., his brows became smooth -órskurðr, m. legal decision; -próf, n.
and straight; koma lagi á e-t, to put to legal proof; -rétting, f. lawmending;
rights, get a thing into order; komast vel í -réttr, m. legal, personal right; -set-
l., to fall into good order; (3) companion- ning, f. legislation; -skilnaðr, m. legal
ship, fellowship, leggja (binda) saman l. divorce; -skipan, f. (1) legislation; (2) or-
sitt, to enter into fellowship; (4) living to- dering of the law; -skipti, n. change of
gether (hann réðst til lags við Beru); (5) law; -vegr, m. lawful course.
cohabitation; eiga l. við konu, to cohabit; lagðr, m. tuft of wool (ullar-lagðr) or
(6) market price, tax; leggja l. á varning hair (röggr eða lagðr).
manna, to set or regulate the market price; lag-klauf, f. the pastern (of sheep).
(7) thrust, stab (with a knife, sword, or lag-liga, adv. meetly, handsomely;
spear); (8) air, tune; (9) adverbial phras- -ligr, a. meet, fit (-ligr skilnaðr).
es; í tvennu lagi, in two parts, double; í lagnar-, gen. from ‘lögn’; -skip, n.,
öllu lagi, in every respect, quite; í sumu -skúta, f. a boat for net-fishing.
(mörgu) lagi, in same (many) respects; lags-kona, f. concubine; -maðr, m.
with compar. or superl., denoting degree; companion, comrade.
í meira lagi, considerably, rather; í fyrra lag-vápn, n. weapon for thrusting or
lagi, rather early, among the earliest; í ver- stabbing (opp. to ‘höggvápn’).
ra lagi, among the worst; í hljóðara lagi, laki, m. third stomach in ruminating an-

320
lakr L lands-auðn
imals (feljóttr sem laki). a standard); -fastr, a. ‘land-fast’; verða
lakr, a. (1) lacking in quality (þat lið, -fastr, to reach the land, arrive; -festar,
sem lakast var); (2) deficient (in weight). f. pl. shore-ropes, moorings; -flótti, a.
lamb, n. lamb. fled from the land; -flæmdr, pp. driven
lambaðr, pp. with lamb, = lembdr. out of the land, exiled; -fúss, a. eager
lamb-burðr, m. lambing; -hagi, m. to make the land (of sailors); -ganga, f.
pasture for lambs; -hús, n. pl. lamb sheds; landing, disembarking; -gangr, m. run-
-lauss, a. without a lamb; -skinn, n. ning ashore (of shoals of fish); -gæzla, f.
lamb’s skin (in ‘lambskinns-kofri’); -ær, defence of the land; -hallt, adv. keeping
f. ewe with lamb. along the shore (fara, sigla -hallt); -herr,
lami, a. lame, maimed. m. (1) people of the land; (2) land troops;
lamning, f. thrashing. -hlutr, m. the landowner’s share;
lampi, m. lamp. -hreinsan, f. clearing the land of miscre-
land, n. (1) land, opp. to sea; lands eða ants.
lagar, on land or sea; taka l., to land; nema landi, m. (one’s) countryman (landar
l., to take land as a settler; (2) the (oppo- várir); Icelander (= mörlandi).
site) bank (of a river, bay, fjord); inn með land-kaup, n. purchase of land;
öðru landi ok öðru út, in along one side -kostr, m. the quality of the land; -kön-
and out along the other; (3) country (ver- nuðr, m. a settler’s mark; -menn, m. pl.
ja landit fyrir Dönum); út í lönd, into for- = landsmenn; -munr, m. home-sickness,
eign lands; (4) land, estate (í landi annars nostalgia; e-m leika -munir, one feels
manns). homesick; -nám, n. taking possession of
landa-, gen. pl. from ‘land’; -brigði, land as settler, settlement.

L
n. redemption of land; -eign, f. land-own- landnáma-bók, f. the history of the set-
ing; -fundr, m. discovery of new lands; tlement (of Iceland); -maðr, m. settler;
-leit, f. exploration, voyage of discovery; -tíð, f., -tími, m. the time of the settle-
-merki, n. pl. boundaries (of an estate); ment.
-mæri, n. borderland, boundary; -ript- landnáms-kona, f. female settler;
ing, f. = landa-brigði; -skipan, f. geog- -maðr, m. settler (Ingólfr var frægastr
raphy; -skipti, n. (1) division of land; (2) allra landnámsmanna).
boundary; (3) exchange of land. land-norðr, n. north-east, opp. to ‘út-
land-auðn, f. depopulation, devasta- norðr’; -nyrðingr, m. north-east wind;
tion; -aurar, m. pl. ‘land-dues’, a tax -ráð, n. pl. (1) government of the land
which Icelanders had to pay to the king (hann var fyrir öllum -ráðum); (2) high
on their arrival in Norway; a land tax treason.
had also to be paid for license of trav- landráða-maðr, m. (1) governor; (2)
eling or trading abroad; -borði, m. the traitor.
‘landward’ side; -brigð, f. = landa-brigði; land-rán, n. the harrying of a land;
-búi, m. = landsbúi; -eigandi, m. land- -reki, m. poet. protector of the land,
owner; -eign, f. estate; -ekla, f. lack of king; -rögnir, m. poet. prince, king.
land; -eyða, f. ‘land-waster’ (the name of lands-auðn, f. depopulation of a land;

321
land-seti L langferða-maðr
-brigð, f. = landabrigði; -bruni, m. de- -skyld, f. = landskyld; -stjórn, f. =
struction of the land by fire; -bú, n. = landstjórn.
-bygð; -búi, m. (1) inhabitant; (2) tenant; land-stjórn, f. government; -suðr, n.
-bygð, f. (1) the peopled land; (2) ten- south-east, opp. to ‘útsuðr’.
antry; -bœtr, f. pl. improvements in a lands-ván, f. = landván; -venja, f. =
land; -deild, f. partition of land; -drót- -siðr; -virðing, f. taxation of land; -vist,
tinn, m. landlord; -endi, m. land’s end. f. right or permission to reside in a land.
land-seti, m. tenant; -seyra, n. gen- land-synningr, m. south-east wind;
eral famine. -sýn, f. sight of land; í -sýn, in sight of
lands-fjórðungr, m. quarter of the land; ór -sýn, out of sight of land; -taka,
land (of Iceland); -flótti, m. exile, ban- f. taking land, landing; -tjald, n. land
ishment; -fólk, n. the people (inhabi- tent; -vanr, a. acquainted with the coun-
tants) of a land; -friðr, m. public peace; try; -ván, f. prospect of reaching land.
-gæzla, f. guarding or defence of the land; landvarnar-maðr, m. a man entrust-
-herr, m. = -fólk; -horn, n. the land’s ed or charged with the defence of the coun-
end. try against invaders.
landshorna-maðr, m. landlouper. land-vegr, m. a way by land, opp. to
lands-höfðingi, m. great chief of the ‘sjóvegr’; fara -veg, to travel by land;
land (hann barðist í mót -ingjum). -viðri, n. land wind; -vært, a. n., eiga
land-skaði, m. damage to the land; -vært, to have residence in a country open
-skapr, m. custom of the land (sakir -ska- to one; -vættr, f. guardian spirit of a
par ok fornrar venju); -skekill, m. out- country; -vörn, f. defence of the land.
skirt of land; -skipan, f. (1) government langa (að), v. to long for; impers., mik
of a land; (2) = landaskipan; -skipti, n. langar til e-s, I long for a thing.
= landsskipti; -skjálfti, m. earthquake; langa (gen. löngu), f. ling (fish).
-skortr, m. lack of land. langa-fasta, f. the long-fast, Lent;
lands-kostr, m. (1) posession of land; -frjádagr, m. Good Friday.
(2) quality of the land. lang-áss, m. longitudinal beam, opp.
land-skyld, f. rent of land. to ‘þvertré’; -bakki, m., in the phrase,
lands-lag, -leg, n. nature (physical skjóta e-u -bakka to put of; -bekkr, m.
conditions) of a land; -leiga, f. land rent; long bench (along the side of the hall),
-lýðr, m. = -fólk; -lög, n. pl. law of opp. to ‘þverbekkr’; -eldar, m. pl. long
the land, public law; -maðr, m. inhabitant fires (along the middle of the hall); -er-
(native) of a country; -megin, n. the main mar, f. pl. long sleeves; -feðgar, m. pl.
power of the land (as to strength or area); ancestors on the father’s side.
-múgr, m. the common people; -nytjar, langfeðga-tal, n., -tala, f. list or roll
f. pl. produce of the land; -ofringi, m. of ‘langfeðgar’, pedigree; -ætt, f. the lin-
landlouper; -réttr, m. the law of the eage of ‘langfeðgar’ (from father to son).
land, public law; -siðr, m. custom of the lang-feðr, m. pl. = -feðgar.
land; -skattr, m. land tax; -skipan, f. lang-ferð, f. long-journey.
= -siðr; -skipti, n. division of land; langferða-maðr, m. far traveller.

322
lang-frami L latínu-bók
lang-frami, m. lasting fame; -fœttr, -staðinn, pp. of old date, long-standing;
a. long-legged; -för, f. = -ferð; -hál- -stóll, m. long seat; -stræti, m. long
saðr, a. long-necked; -hendr, a. long- street; -sýnn, a. far-sighted; -sæi, f. far
handed; -hyggja, f. long-suffering; sight; -sær, a. = -sýnn; -talaðr, pp.
-höfðaðr, a. long-beaked (of a ship); long-spoken; -úðigr, a. = -rækr; -vari,
-knakkr, m. long bench; -lega, f. long m. long duration til -vara, to last long;
stay (of a weather-bound ship); -leggr, -vaxinn, pp. longish; -vé, n. guillemot,
m. the long leg, shank; -leiði, n. long sea-hen; -viðri, n. long-continued weath-
distance; -leitr, a. long-faced; -liðinn, er; -vinr, m. a friend of long standing;
pp. ‘long gone’; eptir -liðit, after a long -vist, f. long stay; -vistum, as adv. stay-
time; -liga, adv. for a long time past; -lí- ing long (vera -vistum e-s staðar); -æð,
fi, n. long life, longevity; -lífr, a. long- f. long duration; -æliga, adv. for a long
lived; -loka, f. a kind of eight-lined verse; time; -æligr, a. long-lasting; -ær, a. =
-minnigr, a. (1) having a long memory; -æligr (-ær friðr).
(2) long to be remembered; -mælgi, f., lasinn, a., las-meyrr (-mærr), a.
-mæli, n. long-winded talk; -mæltr, pp. weak, feeble, decrepit.
long-spoken, long-winded; -nefjaðr, a. last, n. blame, vituperation.
long-nosed; -niðjar, m. pl. descending lasta (að), v. to blame, speak ill of.
lineage on the father’s side; -orf, n. long lasta-, gen. pl. from ‘löstr’; -fullr,
scythe-handle; -pallr, m. dais along the a. faulty, depraved (-fullt líf); -lauss, a.
hall. faultless, guileless.
langr, a. (1) long, of space and time lastan, f. reproach, blame.
(langt sverð, löng stund); (2) neut., lastanar-orð, n. pl. words of blame.

L
langt, long, far, distant; þeir áttu eigi lastan-ligr, a. reprehensible.
langt til eyjarinnar, they had no long dis- last-auðigr, a. vicious, evil; -ligr, a.
tance to the island; (3) e-m er langt at e- disparaging; -mæli, n. pl. slander;
m, one is interested in a person; hvat er -samr, a. slanderous; -varliga, adv.
yðr langt at þessum mönnum, what in- without guilt or sin; -varr, a. guilt-less,
terest do you take in these men?; (4) long, virtuous; -veri, f. righteousness.
wearisome (þér mun langt þykkja hér á lata (að), v. impers., e-m latar, one be-
heiðinni). comes slow, slackens; élinu latar, the snow-
lang-reið, f. long ride; -ræki, n. ran- storm abates.
cour, unforgiving spirit; -rækr, a. unfor- latína, f. Latin (language).
giving; -rœða, f. long tall; -rœðr, a. latínu-bók, f., -bréf, n., -dikt, n.
long-winded; -skepta, f. long-shafted Latin book, document, composition;
spear; -skeptr, pp. longshafted; -skip, -klerkr, m., -lærðr, pp. Latin clerk,
n. long ship, war ship (þar lágu langskip scholar; -maðr, m. (1) Latin, Roman; (2)
mörg). Latin scholar, Latinist; -mál, n. = -tunga;
langskipa-menn, m. pl. the crew of a -skáldskapr, m. Latin poetry;
long ship. -stafrof, n. Latin alphabet; -tunga, f.
lang-skör, f. the lower hem of a tent; Latin tongue.

323
lat-liga L lausn
lat-liga, adv. slowly, negligently. kiss; -maðr, m. a hidden (sham) person;
latr, a. slow, lazy. -mæli, n. pl. secret talk; -ráð, n. secret
latún, n. latten, brass. device; -sát, f. ambush; -sátt, f. secret
lauðr, n. (1) lather; (2) froth, foam of agreement; -stefna, f. = -fundr; -stigr,
the sea (alda lauðri faldin). m. secret path; -stuldr, m. pilfering,
lauf, n. leaf, foliage. theft; -sætt, f. = -sátt; -tal, n. secret
laufa-dráttr, m. embroidery repre- talk.
senting leaves. launung, f. concealment, secrecy; af (á,
laufgaðr, pp. leafy, covered with leaves með) launungu, secretly.
(mærðar timbr máli laufgat). laun-vágr, m. hidden creek; -víg, n.
laufgast (að), v. to come into leaf, put secret manslaughter; -þing, n. = -fundr,
forth leaves. -stefna.
lauf-grœnn, a. leaf-green, verdant; laupr (-s, -ar), m. (1) basket, box; (2)
-segl, n.; sigla með -segli, to take things the framework of a building.
easy; -skáli, m. arbour, bower; -stein- lausa-brullaup, a. improvised wed-
dr, pp. leaf-dyed, = -grœnn; -viðr, m. ding; -búð, f. extemporized booth;
leafy wood. -eyrir, m., -fé, n. movable property,
laug (-ar, -ar), f. (1) bath; (2) hot chattels; -fjöl, f. loose board; -góz, n.
spring (fyrir sunnan ána eru laugar). = -fé; -kjör, n. pl. loose conditions, void
lauga (að), v. to bathe (kona laugaði bargain; -klofi, m. diphthong; -klæði,
barn sitt); to coat, overlay (skjöldr laugaðr n. pl. loose (outer) garments; -maðr, m.
í rauðu gulli); refl., laugast, to bathe, take able-bodied labourer who has no fixed
a bath (laugaðist konungr í ánni Jordan). home; -mjöðm, f. a trick with the hip in
laugar-aptann, m. Saturday evening; wrestling; -snjór, m. loose snow; -taug,
-dagr, m. Saturday; -kveld, n. = -ap- f. loose (reserve) strap; -viðr, m. loose
tann; -morginn, m. Saturday morning; logs, planks; -vísa, f. a single verse (not
-nátt, f. Saturday night (the night be- forming part of a poem).
tween Saturday and Sunday); -vatn, n. laus-beizlaðr, pp. loose-bridled; -ey-
bathing water. gr, a. with unsteady eyes; -geðjaðr,
lauka-garðr, m. leek-garden. -geðr, a. fickle-minded; -grýttr, a. with
laukr (-s, -ar), m. leek, garlic. loose pebbles; -gyrðr, pp. loose-girthed,
laun, n. pl. reward, recomnpense. without a belt; -hárr, a. with loose (flow-
laun, f. secrecy, concealment; á (or með) ing) hair; -hugaðr, a. = -geðjaðr.
laun, secretly. lausingi (pl. -jar), m. = leysingi.
laun-barn, n. natural child; -blót, n. laus-leikr, m. looseness; -liga, adv.
secret worship of the gods; -dyrr, f. pl. loosely; -ligr, a. loose, unsteady; -lyndi,
secret doorway; -festar, f. pl. secret be- n. looseness of mind, fickleness; -læti, n.
trothal; -fundr, m. secret meeting; = -lyndi; -máll, a. loose or unreliable of
-getinn, pp. illegitimate, natural; speech; -mælgi, f. looseness of speech;
-kárr, a. dealing in secrets, mysterious; -mæli, n. pl. breach of word.
-kona, f. concubine; -koss, m. secret lausn (-ar, -ir), f. (1) release, libera-

324
lausnari L lán-fé
tion; (2) ransom; (3) absolution from ban or salmon-fishing.
sin (hann tók lausn af sjálfum páfanum); laz, n. lace (for. word).
(4) release from a duty; (5) decision, laza (að), v. to adorn with lace.
judgemnent (segja fram lausnir mála); lá (pl. lár), f. the line of shoal water
eiga lausn á máli, to decide in a case. along the shore.
lausnari, m. the Redeemer. lá, f. (?) blood, (?) warmth.
lausnar-mark, n. badge of redemp- láð, n. poet. land.
tion; -tíðindi, n. pl. loose news. láð-maðr, m. loadsmnan, pilot.
laus-orðr, a. = -máll. láfi, m. threshing-floor, barn floor.
lauss, a. (1) loose, opp. to ‘fastr’, lág, f. a felled tree, log.
‘bundinn’ (hon hafði laust hárit sem lága-messa, f., -söngr, m. the ‘low
meyjum er títt); verða l., to get loose; eldr chant’ (in the Roman Catholic Mass).
varð l., fire broke out; láta e-t laust, to lá-garðr, m. the surf (cf. ‘lá’).
let loose, yield up; liggja laust fyrir, to be lág-lendi, n. low land, flat land; -liga,
easy to seize upon; (2) free, unimpeded, adv. lowly, gently; -ligr, a. low in stature;
unencumbered (gakk þú l. yfir brúna); ríða -mæltr, pp. low-spoken, low-voiced.
l., to ride without baggage; (3) disengaged lágr (lægri, lægstr), a. (1) low, low
(free) from, with gen. (vit erum lausir all- down (þá er sól er lág um kveldit); bera
ra svardaga); (4) void, riot binding (nú lágt höfuðit, to carry the head low, be dis-
er laus veðjan okkar); (5) vacant (viljum comfited; fara lægra, to be lowered, hum-
vér gefa yðr Olafskirkju, því at hón er bled; (2) short (höggspjót á lágu skafti),
nú laus); (6) light (l. svefn); (7) empty, short of stature (lágr sem dvergr ok digr);
without a cargo (sigla lausum skipum); (8) (3) low, humble (lágr at burðum); bera læ-

L
movable; lönd ok lausir aurar, lands and gra hlut, to get the worst of it, be worsted;
movable property; (9) absolved from ban; (4) low, of the voice (hann svarar ok hel-
(10) in compds. mostly suffixed to a dr lágt).
subst., often in gen., -less (mein-, sak-, lág-raustaðr, a. low-voiced; -skeptr,
vit-lauss, athuga-, auðnu-, lýta-lauss). pp. with a short handle; -talaðr, pp.
laus-tœkr, a. easily taken. speaking in a low voice; -vaxinn, pp.
lausung, f. (1) ‘leasing’, lying, false- short of stature.
hood; (2) loose life, life of a libertine. lámr, m. hand, paw.
lausungar-fullr, a. thoughtless, in- lán, n. (1) loan; at láni, as a loan; hafa
considerate; -guð, n. false god; -kona, f. at láni, to get on credit; (2) fief; hafa at
loose woman; -maðr, m. libertine; -orð, láni = hafa at léni.
n. deceit. lána (að), v. to lend (þetta er lánsfé, er
laus-yrði, n. and f. loose (unreliable) ymsir menn hafa lánat mér).
talk (lausyrði ok lygi). lánar-drottinn, m. liege-lord, lord,
laut, f. hollow place. master (hann þótti vel hafa fylgt sínum
lax (pl. laxar), m. salmon. lánardróttni).
lax-á, f. salmon river; -ganga, f. shoals lán-fé, n. lent (borrowed) money;
of salmon entering rivers; -veiðr, f. -hross, n. borrowed horse; -klæði, n. pl.

325
láns-fé L látaðr
borrowed clothes. sem to make as if (hann lætr sem hann
láns-fé, n. = lánfé. sjái ekki sveinana); (9) to estimate, value
lás-bogi, m. crossbow. (fátt er betr látit en efni eru til); (10) to
lás-lausa, a. unlocked. express, say (Þorfinnr bóndi lét heimilt
láss (pl. lásar), m. lock; hurðin var í skyldu pat); (11) to sound, give a sound;
lási, the door was locked. hátt kveði þér, en þó lét hærra atgeirrinn,
lás-ör, f. crossbow bolt. you speak loud, but yet the bill gave a loud-
lát, n. (1) loss (þeir sögðu konungi l. er sound; (12) with preps.; l. af e-u, to
sitt); (2) death, decease (ek segi þér l. leave off, desist from (sumir létu af bló-
Eyvindar bróður þíns); (3) in pl. man- tum); absol., l. af, to cease; l. af hendi, to
ners; skipta litum ok látum, to change let out of one’s hands, deliver up; l. fé af,
colour and manners. to kill (slaughter) cattle; l. aptr, to shut (l.
láta (læt; let, létum; látinn), v. aptr hurðina); l. at e-u, to yield to, comply
(1) to set, put, place (l. hest á stali); l. e- with (allir þeir, er at mínum orðum láta);
n í myrkvastofu, to thrust in prison (dun- l. at stjórn, to obey the helm (of a ship); l.
geon); l. e-t í ljós, to make it known; l. e-t e-t eptir, to leave behind (þeir létu menu
af e-u, to take off (vóru þá látnir fjötrar af eptir at gæta skipa); l. eptir e-m, to mim-
Hallfreði); (2) to cede, give up (hann vil- ic, ape (mun Gísli hafa látit eptir fíflinu);
di eigi l. þenna best); l. hlut sinn, to let l. e-t eptir e-m, to grant, indulge one in a
go one’s share, be worsted; (3) to leave, for- thing (lát þú þetta eptir mér); l. fyrir e-u,
sake (biðr hann, at þeir láti blótin); hann to give way, yield (þeir munu verða fyrir
ætlaði at l. dróttningina eina, he intend- at l., ef vér leggjum sköruliga at); l. í haf,
ed to divorce the queen; (4) to lose (hann to put out to sea; l. e-t í mót e-m, not to
hafði látit flest allt lið ok herfang allt); al- indulge one; l. e-t til, to grant (heimt mun
so with dat. (l. lífi, fjörvi); (5) with in- brátt hit meira, ef þetta er til látit); l. til
fin. to let, make, cause; látit mik vita, let við e-n, to yield (give way) to one (þeir
me know; ek lét drepa Þóri, I made Th. báðu hann til l. við konung); l. undan e-
to be killed; l. sér fátt um finnast, to dis- m, to yield to one (ek skal hvergi undan
approve; hann lét fallast (= sik falla), he þér l.); l. upp, to open (l. upp hurð); to let
let himself fall; (6) with pp., in circum- one get up (eptir þat lét K. þenna mann
locutory phrases; hann lét verða farit, he upp); l. e-t uppi, to grant (ertu saklauss,
went; hann lét hana verða tekna, he ef þúlætr uppi vistina); l. e-t út, to let out;
seized her; ellipt., omitting the infin., l. l. út (skip sitt), to put to sea (síðan létu
um mælt, to let be said, to declare; hann þeir út ok sigldu til Noregs); l. vel (illa)
lét harðan Hunding veginn, he slew the yfir e-u, to express approval (disapproval)
stark H.; (7) to behave, comport oneself of a thing (hann lætr vel yfir því); (13) re-
(forvitni er mér á hversu þeir láta); hann fl., látast, to die, perish (hér hefir látist
lét illa í svefni, he was restless in his sleep; Njáll ok Bergþóra ok synir þeirra allir); to
l. allstórliga, to make oneself big; l. hljótt declare of oneself, profess, pretend (allir lé-
yfir e-u, to keep silence about a thing; l. tust honum fylgja vilja).
mikit um sik, to puff oneself up; (8) l. látaðr, a. mannered (l. vel).

326
lát-bragð L leggja
lát-bragð, n. bearing, manners, de- of; (7) to settle; l. sakar, to settle strife; l.
portment; -góðr, well-mannered, courte- lög, to lay down laws; l. leið sína, to take
ous; -gœði, n. fine manners. a direction; hann lagði mjök kvámur sínar
látinn, pp. (1) deceased, dead; (2) vel í Ögr, he was in the habit of coming often
l., highly esteemed, in good repute; (3) l. to O.; (8) to allot, assign (þér mun lagit
við e-u, ready; vel fyrir l., well prepared. verða at vera einvaldskonungr yfir Nore-
lát-prúðr, a. of gentle bearing. gi); hvat mun til líkna lagt Sigurði, what
-látr, a. -mannered, -minded (fá-, lítil-, comfort is there appointed for S.?; þér var
marg-, mikil-látr). lengra líf lagit, a longer life was destined
látrast (að), v. refl. to go to rest. for thee; (9) to lay out, pay, discharge; l. at
lát-œði, n. bearing, deportment. veði, to give as bail; l. á hættu, to risk; l. á
lávarðr (-s, -ar), m. lord, master. mikinn kostnað, to run into great expens-
lé (dat. and acc. ljá; pl. ljár), m. es; l. líf á, to stake one’s life on a thing; l.
scythe (þeir hjuggust með ljám). fé til höfuðs e-m, to set a price on one’s
lé-barn, n. infant, baby. head; (10) to lay a ship’s course, stand of
lé-denging, f. scythe-sharpening. or on, sail, absol., or the ship in dat. or
leðr, n. skin, leather; -blaka, f. bat; acc., lét hann blása herblástr ok l. út ór
-flaska, f. leather bottle; -hosa, f. höfninni, and sailed out of the harbour;
leather hose; -panzari, m. leather jacket l. at, to land (lagði hann at við Sundólf-
(as a defence). sstaði); in a naval battle, to attack (lögðu
leg, n. burial-place, = legstaðr. þeir þá at þeim); l. undir land, to stand in
lega, f. lying in bed. towards land; fig. to give in; l. (skip) í rétt,
lé-garðr, m. swath. to drift or run before the wind; (11) to set

L
legáti, m. (papal) legate. off, start; l. á flótta, to take toftight; l. eptir
leggja (legg, lagða, lagiðr, lagðr, e-m, to pursue; l. upp, to start on a jour-
laginn), v. (1) to lay, place (Már hafði ney; (12) to stab, thrust, with a weapon (Þ.
lagt höfuð sitt í kné Rannveigar); l. net, leggr hann spjóti til bana); (13) impers. it
to lay a net; (2) to put; l. eld í, to put fire turns, is driven in a direction (of smoke,
to; l. söðul á hest, to put a saddle on a smell, fire); hingat leggr allan reykinn,
horse; l. árar upp, to lay up the oars, give all the smoke blows hitherward; to freeze
up pulling; l. ofan segi, to haul down, take over, be covered with snow or ice (þá er ísa
in the sails; l. at jörðu, at velli (or við lagði á vötn); l. nær, to be on the brink of;
jörðu, við velli), to overthrow, slay, kill; l. nær lagði þat úfœru einu sinni, it had well
hlut sinn, to lose one’s lot, be worsted; (3) nigh come to a disaster; (14) with preps.;
to lay, drop, of a beast (hvelparnir, er ei- l. e-t af, to cede, give up (H. bróðir hans
gi vóru lagðir); (4) to lay, make, build; l. lagði af við hann sinn part í eyjunni); to
garða, to make fences; (5) to appoint, fix (l. leave off, desist from (legg af héðan af ver-
stefnu, leika, bardaga); (6) to tax, value sagørð, sagði erkibiskup); l. af fénað, to
(hann lagði hálft landit fyrir sex tigi sil- slaughter cattle; l. e-t aptr, to give back, re-
frs); l. e-n úgildan, to award no fine for, turn (báðu mik leggja aptr taflit); l. at, l.
put no price on; l. at léttu, to make light at landi, to land; l. at e-m, to attack; l. e-t

327
leggja- L leið
á e-n, to impose, lay (a burden, tax) upon sunds, to swim (Grettir lagðist nú inn á
one (l. skatt, skyldir, yfirbót á e-n); l. e-t fjörðinn); l. í hernað víking, to set out on
á við e-n = l. e-t á e-n; l. stund, kapp, hug a freebooting expedition; l. út, to set out
á e-t, to take pains about, great interest in, into the wilderness (as a highwayman); l.
a thing; l. ást, elsku, mætur á e-t, to feel e-t eigi undir höfuð, not to lay it under
love, affection, interest for a thing, to cher- one’s pillow, not to neglect or forget it; eigi
ish a thing or person; l. fæð, öfund, hatr lagðist mjök á með þeim brœðrum, they
á, to take dislike, envy, hatred to; l. móti were not on good terms; lítit leggst fyrir e-
e-m, to oppose, contradict one; l. e-t til, to n, one has but a poor destiny (lítit lagðist
furnish, contribute, as one’s share (hvern nú fyrir kappann, því at hann kafnaði í
styrk hefir móðir mín til lagit með þér?); stofureyk sem hundr); recipr., l. hendr á,
l. fátt til, to say little, be reserved; l. lof til, to lay hands on one another; l. hugi á, to
to give praise to; l. gott (illt) til e-s, to lay take a liking for each other; l. nær, to run
a good (or ill) word to one, to interfere in close up to one another (of two boats); l.
a friendly (or unfriendly) manner; l. e-t til niðr fé, to slaughter sheep (haf frjálst þat,
lofs e-m, to put a thing to a person’s credit; sem þú hefir niður lagt af fé váru).
l. e-t til orðs, to talk about; l. e-m e-t til leggja-, gen. pl. from ‘leggr’; -brot,
ámælis, orðs, to blame one for a thing; l. e- n. pl. pieces of bone in a broken leg;
t undir or undir sik, to conquer, vanquish -bönd, n. pl. leg-straps.
(Knútr konungr lagði allt land undir sik leggr (-jar, -ir), m. (1) hollow bone (of
íNoregi); l. e-t undir e-n, to submit a mat- arms and legs); (2) leg; komast á legg,
ter to a person, refer to (þeir höfðu lagit to grow up (þá vóru synir hans vel á legg
mál undir Njál); l. undir trúnað e-s, to komnir); (3) stem of a plant; (4) shank of
trust; ok er þat mjök undir hann lagit, it an anchor; (5) shaft of a spear.
depends much on him; l. e-t undir þegn- leg-kaup, n. burial-fee.
skap sinn, to assert on one’s honour; l. e-t leg-orð, n. lying with a woman.
upp við e-n, to hand over to one; l. e-t ei- legorðs-sök, f. a case of leg-orð.
gi langt upp, not to make much of, to make leg-ró, f. rest in bed; -staðr, m. bur-
light of (eigi legg ek slíkt langt upp); l. e- ial-place; -steinn, m. tombstone.
t við e-t, to add to (l. aðra tölu við aðra); legu-nautr, m. bed-mate, mess-mate.
l. við líf sitt, höfuð sitt, to stake one’s life; leið (-ar, -ir), f. (1) way (fara, ríða
l. við sekt, to fix a fine; (15) refl., legg- leið sína or leiðar sinnar); (2) way, road
jast, to lay oneself; l. niðr, to lie down; to (á skóginum vóru tvennar leiðir); þar er
pass out of use, cease; þeir höfðu lagizt til leiðir skildi, where the roads parted; (3)
svefns, they were gone to sleep; l. í sótt, course (on the sea); segja leið, to pilot; (4)
to fall sick, take to bed (from illness); l. adverb. phrases, koma e-u til leiðar or á
á e-t, to fall upon (of robbers, beasts of leið, to bring about; skipast á betri l., to
prey); l. á, to arise (mun sá orðrómr á l., change to a better way; á þá l., in this wise,
at); l. fyrir, to take rest, lie down (lögðust thus; fram á l., á l. fram, further, all along;
þá fyrir bæði menn ok hestar af úviðri); afterwards, for the time to come; (5) levy;
fyrir l. um e-t, to give it up; l. or l. til leiðar at biðja, to call out a levy.

328
leið L leifa
leið, f. a local assembly (in the Ice- fengu gott l.); (2) tomb (Svíar grétu yfir l.
landic Commonwealth). hans).
leiða (-dda, -ddr), v. (1) to lead, con- leið, n. irksomeness.
duct (Ólafr konungr leiddi Kjartan til leiði-fífl, n. a fool to be led about.
skips); l. upp skip, to drag a ship ashore; leiði-gjarn, a. wearisome.
(2) fig., l. augum (sjónum), to behold; l. leiði-ligr, a. hideous.
hugum, to consider; l. huga at e-u, to leiðindi, n. pl. (1) loathing, dislike; leg-
mark, note; l. spurningum at um e-t, to gja l. á við e-n, to take a dislike to a person;
inquire; l. getum um e-t, to guess at a (2) an unpleasant thing.
thing; l. ástum, to love; l. af e-u, to result leiðing, f. leading, persuasion.
from; (3) gramm. to pronounce (því at leiðinga-maðr, m. an easily led person
hann leiddi eigi svá sem tíðast er); (4) (= leiðitamr maðr); -samr, a. easily led,
to bury, lead to the grave (Steinarr leiddi pliable (= leiðitamr).
hann uppi í holtum). leiðin-liga, adv. hideously; -ligr, a.
leiða (-dda, -ddr), v. (1) l. e-m e-t, to hideous (knoa ljót ok leiðinlig).
make a person loathe or avoid a thing; (2) leiði-orð, n. pl. walking and talking
refl., leiðast e-t (acc.), to loathe, get tired with a person; -tamr, a. easy to be led.
of (leiðist manngi gott, ef getr); impers., leið-mót, n. the leið meeting.
e-m leiðist, one feels discontented (man leiðr, a. loathed, disliked (l. e-m); e-m
honum leiðast, ef deildr er verðrinn); er e-t leitt, one dislikes a thing.
mér leiðist e-t, I am tired of (leiðist mön- leið-rétta (-rétta, -réttr), v. to put
num opt á at heyra). right, mend, correct; -rétting, f. setting
leiðangr (gen. -rs), m. (1) levy, esp. right, correction; -saga, f. guidance, di-

L
by sea (including men, ships and mon- rection, esp. piloting; -sagari, m. guide,
ey); bjóða út leiðangri, to levy men and esp. pilot.
ships for war (bjóða út leiðangri at mön- leiðsagnar-maðr, m. = leiðsagari.
num ok vistum); hafa l. úti, to make a sea leiðsla, f. (1) guidance, leading; (2)
expedition; (2) war contribution, war tax. burial, interment.
leiðangrs-far, n. levy-ship; -ferð, f. leið-stafir, m. pl. loathsome runes.
war expedition; -fólk, n. levied folk; leið-sögn, f. = leiðsaga.
-gørð, f. raising a levy; -lið, n. levied leiðsögu-maðr, m. guide, pilot =
army; -maðr, m. levied man. leiðsagnarmaðr.
leiðar-dagr, m. the day on which the leið-togi, m. guide; -vísi, f. knowing
leið was held; -morgunn, m. the morning the course (on the sea).
of that day. leið-víti, n. = leiðarvíti.
leiðar-nesti, n. viands; -steinn, m. leið-völlr, m. the field where the leið
loadstone; -stjarna, f. lodestar; -sund, was held.
n. strait, passage; -vísir, m. guide; -víti, leifa (-ða, -ðr), v. (1) to leave (food)
n. a fine for default in respect of a levy. over; to leave as heritage (hann leifði hon-
leiðar-völlr, m. = leiðvöllr. um löng ok lausa-fé); (2) to leave behind,
leiði, n. (1) leading wind, fair wind (þeir relinquish, abandon (þeir leifðu skipin í

329
leifar L leik-mikill
Raumsdal). (ill-)treat (l. e-n illa, hart, sárt, sárliga);
leifar, f. pl. (1) leavings, remnants, esp. (6) to play a trick upon, delude, = l. á e-
of food; (2) effect, result (illa gefast ills n (djöfullinn leikr þá alla); (7) to bewitch,
ráðs leifar). esp. in pp. (maðr sá var leikinn af flagði
leiga (-ða, -ðr), v. to hire, rent; l. e-t at einu); (8) with preps., l. á e-n, to play
e-m, to hire from a person. a trick upon (mjök hefir þú á oss leikit);
leiga, f. (1) hire, rent, opp. to fig., lék þat orð á, at, it was rumoured,
‘innstœða’ (capital); byggja fé á leigu, to that; e-m leikr öfund á, to envy; e-m leikr
let money out at interest; leggja leigu eptir hugr á, to have a mind to; þar leikr minn
höfn, to pay a harbour duty; (2) wages, pay hugr á, my mind is bent upon that; hón se-
(kallast hann engrar leigu makligr). gir föður sínum um hvat at l. er, she told
leig-lendingr, m. tenant. her father how things stood; l. e-n út, esp.
leigu-ból, n. rented farm; -fé, n. hired in pp., to ill-treat (konungr sér nú Áka,
cattle; -fœrr, a. fit to be hired out; hversu hann er út leikinn); l. við e-n, to
-land, n. rented land; -lauss, a. rent play with one; l. við, to continue (meinit
free, without interest; -liði, m., -maðr, hafð lengi við leikit); (9) refl., leikast, to
m. tentant; -mál, n. agrement as to rent, be performed, done; ef þat má l., if this can
lease; -prestr, m. hired priest, curate; be done; leikst á e-n, it goes against one,
-staðr, m. a place where money is invest- he gets the worst of it (mjök hefir leikizt
ed, investment. á minn hluta); l. við, to play one against
leika (leik; lék, lékum; leikinn), the other, play a match; höfðu þeir leikizt
v. (1) to play (við skulum nú l. fyrst); l. við barna leikum, meðan þeir vóru ungir,
leik, to play a play; l. tveim skjöldum, they had been playmates.
to play a double game; l. at e-u, to play leika (pl. leiku), n. plaything, doll.
(amuse oneself) with (Katla sat ok lék at leika, f. (1) = leika, n.; (2) play-sister
hafri sínum); l. at tafli, to play at chess; (vér vórum leikur vetr níu).
l. sér, to play (hann lék sér þá enn á gólfi leikandi, f. (1) pulley; (2) sport, jest.
með öðrum börnum); (2) to perform, of leikara-skapr, m. scurrility.
a feat or act of prowess (en ek hygg, at leikari, m. player, jester.
engi annarr fái þat leikit); (3) to move, leik-blandinn, pp. sportive; -borð, n.
swing, wave to and fro, hang loosely (l. play-board; -bróðir, m. playmate.
á lopti); landit skalf sem á þræði léki, leik-dómr, m. laity, = leikfólk.
as if balanced on a string; (4) of flame, leik-fang, n. wrestling; -félagi, m.
fire, water, waves, to play lightly about or play-fellow; -ferð, f. sport.
over, lick (eldr tók at l. húsin); eldrinn lék leik-fólk, n. lay-folk, laity.
skjótt, the fire spread fast; leikr hár hi- leikinn, a. playful, gay.
ti við himin sjálfan, the lofty blaze plays leik-ligr, a. lay; -maðr, m. layman.
against the very heavens; fig., e-m leikr e- leik-maðr, m. player.
t í skapi (í mun), one feels inclined to, has leikmann-ligr, a. lay.
a mind to (þat leikr mér í skapi at kau- leik-mikill, a. playful, merry; -mót,
pa Íslandsfar); (5) to deal (hardly) with, to n. ‘play-meeting’, public athletic sports;

330
leikr L leka
-mær, a. play-sister. du hana eigi); l. e-m e-s, to seek (try to
leikr (-s, -ar), m. game, play, sport; lá- get) a thing for one (l. e-m kvánfangs); l.
ta (vinna) leikinn, to lose (win) the game; sér lífs, to seek to save one’s life; (2) to
á nýja leik, anew; við illan leik, narrowly, seek for help (vil ek, at þú leitir aldri an-
with a narrow escape (þeir kómust þar yfir narra en mín, ef þú þarft nökkurs við);
við illan leik); hann segir þeim hvat leika l. ráða, to seek for advice; (3) to act (pro-
(gen.), hvat í leikum er, he told them what ceed) towards one; ef yðar er illa leitat, if
the game was, what was the matter; leikr you are challenged; (4) to try to go, pro-
er görr til e-s, a person is aimed at, is the ceed on a journey; l. braut ór landi, to go
mark of an attack; gera leik til e-s, to mock abroad; l. á fund e-s, to visit a person; (5)
one. to seek, try, with infin. (þá leitaði Kálfr at
leikr, a. lay (lærðir ok leikir). flytja brœðr sína ofan til skips); (6) with
leik-skáli, m. play-shed; -stefna, f. preps., l. at e-m, to seek for a person, = l.
= leikmót; -sveinn, m. playmate; -vald, e-s (var þá leitat at lækninum); l. at um
n. lay power, laity; -völlr, m. play- e-t = l. eptir um e-t; l. á e-n, to attack or
ground. assail one, to blame or reprehend one; l. á,
leiptr (gen. leiptrar, pl. leiptrir), to try, make an attempt to get a thing (hvar
f. lightning flash. skulu vit á l.?); l. á um kvánfang, to look
leiptra (að), v. to flash, shine. for a wife; l. eptir e-u, to seek for; l. ep-
leir, n. clay, loam, mud. tir máli, to follow a case, take it up; l. eptir
leira, f. muddy shore, mud-flat. um e-t, to inquire into; l. eptir við e-n, to
leir-bakki, m. clayey bank; -búð, f. inquire of a person; l. fyrir sér, to save one-
clay booth; -depill, m. clayey spot; -ga- self by flight (leggjum á flótta, verðr nú

L
ta, f. clayey path; -kelda, f. clay-pit; hverr at l. fyrir sér); l. e-s í, to try, make
-ligr, a. of clay; -maðr, m. clay man; an attempt (var þá margs í leitat); l. til e-
-óttr, a. = leirugr. s, to seek for, = l. e-s (aldri leitaði hann til
leir-pottr, m. earthen pot. griða né undankomu); l. um e-t = l. at um
leirr, m. = leir. e-t, to examine (var þá leitat um sár man-
leir-stokkinn, pp. mud-splashed. na); to try to get or effect (l. um sættir); l.
leiru-bekkr, m. muddy brook. e-s við e-n, to apply to one for a thing (l.
leirugr, a. clayey, muddy. ráða við e-n); l. við e-t, to try; l. við för, to
leista-brœkr, f. pl. trousers and stock- try to get away; l. við at gøra e-t, to try to
ings in one piece, long hose; -lauss, a. do a thing (hann vildi við l. at mæla); (7)
without a foot-piece or sock (leistalausar refl., leitast um, to make a search, exam-
brœkr). ine (leituðust þeir þá um ok fundu hurð í
leistr (-s, -ar), m. stocking-foot, sock. gólfinu).
leit, f. (1) search; fara á l. e-s, to go leiti, n. hill, elevation, height.
in search of a thing; (2) exploring party, leizla, f. = leiðsla.
search-party (jarl var sjálfr í leitinni). leizlu-drykkja, f. drinking-party.
leita (að), v. (1) to seek, search, with leka (lek; lak, lákum; lekit), v. (1)
gen. (heraðsmenn leituðu hennar ok fun- to drip, dribble (af þeim legi, er lekit hafði

331
lekaðr L lesa
ór hausi Heiðdraupnis); (2) to leak, be lengd, f. length (of space and time);
leaky (húsit, skipit, keraldit lekr). til lengdar, long, for a long time; nú (or í
lekaðr, pp. leaky (lekat skip). bráð) ok lengdar, for now and hereafter.
lekast (að), v. refl. to spring a leak. lengi (lengr, lengst), adv. long, for a
leki, m. leakage, leak; kóma þá lekar at long time; of l., too long; lengr en skemr,
skipinu, the ship sprang a leak. rather long than short, for a good while;
lekr, a. leaky (skipin vóru lek). with gen., l. vetrar, for a great part of the
lektari, m. lectern, reading desk. winter.
lembdr, pp. with lamb (lembd ær). lenging, f. lengthening; lífs l., mainte-
lemja (lem, lamda, lamiðr), v. (1) to nance of life.
thrash, flog, beat (þeir lömdu hann náli- lengja (-da, -dr), v. to lengthen (l. líf
ga til bótleysis); (2) l. niðr, to beat down, sitt); var lengt nafn hans, an addition was
suppress (hafa vald til þess at niðr l. allan made to his name; hvat þarf þat l., what
mátt illgjarnra anda); (3) refl. to be se- need to make a long story?; impers. to be-
verely injured (svá mikit högg, at come longer (um vetrinn er daga lengdi).
haussinn lamdist). lengja, f. a long piece, strip.
lemstr, m. lameness, infirmity. lengr, adv. compar., see ‘lengi’.
lén, n. (1) fief, fee (halda lönd ok lén lengra, adv. compar. to a greater
af konungi); (2) royal grant or emolument; length; farther, further.
(3) royal revenue; (4) share of good things lengrum, adv. compar. longer, farther;
(sumir hafa lítit lén eða lof). for a longer time.
léna, f. pad or cushion which is placed lengstum, adv. superl. mostly, most of
under a pack-saddle. the time (hann var þó l. á Grjótá).
lend (pl. -ir and -ar), f. loin, rump. leó, león, n. lion.
lenda (-da, -nt), v. (1) to land, with leoparðr, léparðr, m. leopard.
dat. (l. báti, skipi); (2) to land, come to leppr (-s, -ar), m. (1) lock of hair (fá
land (síðan lendu þeir upp frá Bakka); (3) mér leppa tvá ór hári þínu); (2) rag, tatter
impers., e-m lendir saman, to clash, come (leppr rotinn).
into conflict (mun ek ekki letja, at oss len- lérept, n. linen, linen cloth.
di saman); e-u lendir, to come to an end; lerka (að), v. to lace tight (hosur
þar lendir þessi viðrœðu, at, the end of lerkaðar at beini); fig., lerkaðr, bruised,
this talk was, that. contused (l. af höggum).
lenda, f. land, estate. les, n. lesson (in divine service).
lenda-verkr, m. lumbago. lesa (les; las, lásum; lesinn), v. (1)
lend-borinn, pp. sprung from the land- to pick up, gather (l. hnetr, ber, aldin);
ed gentry. l. saman, to gather, glean (l. saman ax-
lending, f. landing, landing-place. helmur); l. upp, to pick up; (2) to grasp,
lendr, a. (1) landed; l. maðr, ‘landed- catch (eldrinn las skjótt tróðviðinn); l. sik
man’, holding land or emoluments from the upp, to haul oneself up (hann las sik skjótt
king; (2) in compds. (í-lendr, inn-, sam-, upp eptir øxarskaptinu); (3) to knit, em-
út-). broider; (4) to read (l. á bók); l. fram, l.

332
les-bók L léttr
upp, to read aloud; l. um (of) e-n, to speak is relieved, eased (of pain, illness); sótt
(evil) of one (l. fár um e-n). (dat.) léttir, léttir af sóttinni, the illness
les-bók, f. lesson-book; -djákn, m. (fever) abates; with the person in dat.,
reading clerk; -kórr, m. reading-desk, the illness in gen. honum létti brátt sót-
lectern. tarinnar, he soon recovered from the ill-
lesningr, m. reading. ness; l. upp, to clear up, abate, esp. of
lest, f. (1) burden, cargo; (2) train of the weather; storminum (hríðinni) léttir
packhorses. upp, the storm (snowstorm) abates; (6) re-
lesta (-sta, -str), v. to injure, damage fl., léttast, to be lightened, cleared, of the
(l. skip sitt); refl., lestast, to be injured, sky (hinn syðri hlutr léttist); impers., e-
damaged (féll hann af baki ok lestist fótr m léttist = e-m léttir, one is relieved,
hans). eased (léttist honum heldr, ok var á fó-
lesti, adv., only in the phrase, á l., last, tum þrjá daga).
at last. létta-bragð, n. cheerful look (gøra á
lestr, m. and f. reading. sér -bragð); -sótt, f. child-labour.
lest-reki, m. agent, manager. létt-brúnn, -brýnn, a. of cheerful
leti, f. sloth, laziness; -fullr, a. look; -búinn, pp. lightly clad; -bærr, a.
slovenly; -svefn, m. sleep of sloth. easy to bear; -fleygr, a. swift, fleet-
letja (let; latta, lóttum; lattr), winged; -fœrr, a. nimble, fleet;
v. to hold back, dissuade (one from some- -hjalaðr, pp. spoken of with ease.
thing), l. e-n e-s (Björn latti ferðar; ko- létti, m. (1) alleviation, relief, ease; (2)
nungr fór eigi at síðr); refl., letjast, to readiness; af létta, readily, without reserve
become loth, unwilling (þrællinn tók at l. (hann sagði allt af létta).

L
mjök á starfanum). létti-liga, adv. (1) lightly (búa sik
lé-torfa, f. a turf cut with a scythe. -liga); (2) readily, with good will (drót-
letr, n. letters, writing; -ligr, a. liter- tning tók kveðju hans -liga); -möttull,
al; -list, f. art of writing. m. light mantle.
létta (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) with acc. to léttir, m. alleviation, relief.
lighten (l. skipin); (2) with dat. to lift (þá létti-skip, n., -skúta, f. a light, fleet
létti köttrinn einum fœti); (3) l. e-u, to ship; -vinátta, f. good friendship.
desist from, leave off; l. ferð sinni, to stop létt-klæddr, pp. lightly clad; -látr,
one’s journey, to halt; also absol., þeir lét- a. affable; light-mannered; -leikr, m.
tu eigi (they stopped not, halted not) fyrr lightness, agility; -liga, adv. (1) lightly;
en þeir kómu í Skaptártungur; l. af e-u, (2) easily; (3) cheerfully, readily (taka e-
l. af at gøra e-t, to leave off doing, give u léttliga); -ligr, a. light; -lífr, a. living
up (hann léttir aldregi af slíkt at vinna); an easy life (e-m er -líft); -læti, n. affa-
l. af hernaði, to leave off freebooting; l. bility, friendliness (cf. ‘léttlátr’).
undan, to withdraw, retreat (svá kom því léttlætis-kona, f. loose woman.
máli, at Sigvaldi létti undan); (4) to re- létt-mæltr, pp. spoken with ease.
lieve, ease (hann létti hans meini með léttr, a. (1) light, opp. to ‘þungr’; (2)
mikilli íþrótt); (5) impers., e-m léttir, one active, nimble (l. á sér); vera á léttasta

333
létt-úð L leysa
skeiði, to be at one’s most active age; ek -ligr, a. hidden, secret; -stigr, m. = -ga-
em nú af léttasta skeiði, I am past my best ta; -vágr, m. hidden creek; -vega, m. se-
years; (3) unencumbered, free; verða lét- cret way.
tari (at barni), to be delivered of a child; e- leysa (-ta, -tr), v (1) to loose, loosen,
m verðr harms síns léttara, one is eased of untie, undo (tók Skrýmir ok leysti nest-
one’s grief; (4) light, easy (mœddist hann bagga sinn); l. knút, to undo a knot; (2)
fyrir þeim ok gekk þeim léttara); var veðr impers. is dissolved, breaks up (skipit
létt, the wind was light; (5) cheerful, glad- leysi undir þeim); snjó, ís leysir, the snow
some (var konungr þá l. í öllum rœðum); thaws, the ice breaks up; árnar (vötn)
e-m segir eigi létt hugr um e-t, one has leysir or ísa leysir af vötnum, the ice
apprehensions; (6) of small value; leggja e- breaks up on the rivers; (3) to absolve
t í léttan stað, to think lightly of. (biskup sagðist eigi mega leyas þá); (4)
létt-úð, f. light-heartedness; -úðigr, to free, set free, release (l. e-n ór ánauð,
a. light-hearted; -vígr, a.; e-m er -vígt, af þræildómi); (5) to discharge, pay (bœn-
one finds it easy to fight. dr hetu jarli stórfé at l. þat gjald, er á
leyfa (-ða, -ðr), v. (1) to give leave to, var kveðit); (6) l. or l. af hendi, to per-
allow, permit (leyfi þér honum at fara sem form, do (vel hefir þú leyst þitt erendi);
honum gegnir bezt); (2) to praise (at kvel- (7) to redeem, purchase (vil ek l. landit
di skal dag leyfa). til mín); (8) to solve (a difficulty); hann
leyfi, n. leave, permission. leysti hvers manns vandræði, he helped
leyfi-ligr, a. permitted, allowed. every man in distress; (9) to send away,
leyna (-da, -dr), v. (1) to hide, conceal; dismiss (Oddr leysir menn þaðan með
l. e-n e-u, to hide, conceal a thing from góðum gjöfum); (10) to get rid of, dispatch
one; (2) refl., leynast, to hide oneself, be (seint sœkist várum félaga at l. þenna
concealed; l. at e-m, to steal upon a person, úkunna mann); (11) with preps. and
attack by stealth; l. í brott, to steal away. advs., l. e-n brott, to dismiss (leysti Ás-
leynd, f. secrecy, concealment, hiding; mundr hann brott með góðum gjöfum);
með l., af l., secretly. l. e-n frá e-u, to rid one of a thing; l. ór
leyndar-bréf, n. secret letter; -klefi, e-u, to solve, explain, answer (K. leysti
-kofi, m. closet; -limr, m. the privy ór því öllu froðliga, sem hann spurði); l.
member; -maðr, m. = -vinr; -mál, n. se- e-t sundr, to dissolve; l. e-n undan e-u
cret affair, a secret; -staðr, m. hiding to release from, aquit of; l. e-n út to re-
place; -tal, n. secret talk (eiga -tal við e- deem (má vera, at þú náir at l. hann út
n); -vinr, m. secret friend. héðan); to dismiss guests (leysti konun-
leyndr, pp. secret; leyndr staðr = leyn- gr þá út með sœmiligum gjöfum); to pay
darstaðr. out (leysit Höskuldr út fé hans); (12) refl.
leyni, n. hiding-place; -bragð, n. se- leysast, to decompose (tók hold þeirra at
cret plot; -dyrr, f. pl. secret door; þrútna ok l. af kulda); to absent oneself
-fjörðr, m. hidden fjord; -gata, f. secret (leystist þú svá hédan næstum, at þér var
path; -gröf, f. hidden pit; -herað, n. engi ván lífs af mér); fig. to get oneself
secluded district; -liga, adv. secretly; clear (megu vér eigi annat ætla, en

334
leysingi L lifa
leysast af nökkuru eptir slfk stórvirki). -samr, a. ready to help.
leysingi (gen. -ja), m. freedman. liðs-beini, m. giving help, assistance;
leysingja, f. freedwoman. -bón, f. prayer for help; -dráttr, m. as-
lið, n. (1) host, folk, people; fyrða l., the sembling troops.
people; þeir vóru allir eins liðs, they were lið-semd, f. assistance.
all of one party; vera einn sins liðs, to be liðs-fjöldi, m. greathost; -höfðingi,
alone; (2) family, household (lið mitt er m. captain of a host.
heima bjarglaust); (3) troops, host; samna lið-sinna (að), v. (1) to assist, with dat.
liði, to gather troops; (4) aid, assistance; (-sinna e-m); (2) to further, with acc.
veita e-m lið, to aid; koma e-m at liði, to (hefir hón því heitit at -sinna þetta mál);
come to one’s assistance. -sinnaðr, pp. ready to help one (e-m);
lið, n. poet. (1) ale (cf. ‘líð’); (2) ship. -sinni, n. help, assistance.
liðast (að), v. refl. to fall in curls (sá liðsinnis-maðr, m. helper.
maðr hafði gult hár, ok liðaðist allt á lið-skortr, m. lack of men.
herðar niðr). liðs-kostr, m. military force.
lið-dráttr, m. = liðsdráttr; -drjúgr, lið-skylfr, a. requiring many people
a. strong, powerful; -fár, a. short of men; (vér höfum skip mikit ok -skylft).
-fæð, f. scarcity of men; -fœrr, a. able- liðs-laun, n. pl. reward for help ren-
bodied; -góðr, a. good at doing; handy; dered; -maðr, m. follower, warrior;
-henda, -hending, f. a kind of metre. -menn, the men of one’s army; -munr, m.
liði, m. (1) follower (liðar þat eru fyl- odds; -samnaðr, m. = liðsamnaðr; -þur-
gðarmenn); (2) levy-district. fi, a. in need of help; -þurft, f., -þörf,
lið-liga, adv. adroitly, handily; -ligr, f. need of help.

L
a. adroit, handy; -lítill, a. (1) having few liðug-liga, adv. willingly, readily
men; (2) of little use; -mannliga, adv. (gerði Þ. þat vel ok liðugliga).
adroitly; -mannligr, a. adroit, handy; liðugr, a. (1) lithe, supple; (2) free, un-
-margr, a. having many men; -mikill, hindered (skal Grettir fara l. þangat, sem
a. = -margr; -mjúkr, a. lithe, limber hann vill); (3) unoccupied, disengaged; (4)
(meðliðmjúkum fingrum). easy, fluent of language (með liðugri nor-
liðr (gen. -ar; pl. -ir, acc. -u), m. (1) rœnu).
joint of the body (lið kalla menn þat á lið-vani, a. lacking means (men);
manni, er leggir mætast); fótrinn stökk -vaskr, a. doughty, valiant; -veizla, f.
or liði, the foot went out of joint; fœra (fót) succour, support.
í lið, to set in joint again; (2) hann var liðveizlu-maðr, m. supporter.
fölleitr ok l. á nefi, he was pale-looking lifa (lifl, lifða, lifat), v. (1) to be
and hook-nosed; (3) degree (of kindred), left (er þriðjungr lifði nætr); meðan öld
generation. lifir, while the world stands; (2) to live;
lið-rækr, a. rejected from a lið. meðan hann lifði, while he lived; at sér
liðs-afli, m. forces, troops. lifanda, in his life-time; lifa eptir e-n, to
lið-samligr, a. likely to be helpful; survive one (verðr maðr eptir annan at l.);
-samnaðr, m. gathering of troops; l. við e-t, to live on, feed on (þeir lifðu nú

335
lifandis L limaðr
við reka ok smádýri); (3) to burn, of fire þat at vita); liggr honum ekki á, it does
(lifði þar eldr í skála). not matter to him; l. á úknyttum, to pursue
lifandis, adv. alive; vera l. = vera lífs, wicked courses; l. eptir, to be left undone
á lífi; -hlutr, m. living thing; -skepna, (skal ekki eptir l. þat, sem vér megum
f. living creature. þeim veita); l. fyrir e-m, to lie in wait for;
lifðr, a. endowed with life, living; betra l. fyrir, to be in store for, or open to, one;
er lifðum en sé úlifðum, better to be living þœtti mér þat ráð fyrir l., at þú sendir
than lifeless. menn, that the best thing would be to send
lifendr, m. pl. the living. men; l. hjá e-rri, to lie with (lá ek hjá dót-
lifinn, a. living, = lifðr. tur þinni); l. í e-u, to stick or sink in (lágu
lifna (að), v. (1) to be left; (2) to come to hestarnir á kafi í snjónum); l. í, to stick
life, revive (konungr hugði, at hón mundi fast in mire or bog (liggr í hestrinn undir
l.). þeim); l. í hernaði, víkingu, to be engaged
lifnaðar-lengd, f. length (duration) of in warfare; l. niðri, to lie untold (nú skal
life (-lengd mannsins). þat eigi niðri liggja, er honum er þó mest
lifnaðr, m. (1) conduct of life; (2) con- vegsemd í); l. saman, to be adjacent (lágu
vent life, convent. saman skógar þeirra Lopts); l. til e-s, to
lifr (gen. and pl. lifrar), f. liver. belong to (naut ok sauðir, lá þat til Atley-
liggja (ligg; lá, lágum; leginn), v. jar); bœtr liggja til alls, there is atonement
(1) to lie (ör liggr þar úti á vegginum); l. for every case; to be due or proper (þótti
sjúkr, to lie sick (hann liggr sjúkr heima); þat til l. at taka af honum tignina); l. til
þeir lágu í sárum, they lay ill of their byrjar, to lie by for a fair wind; l. til hafs,
wounds; (2) to lie buried (hér liggr skáld); to lie ready for sea (lá biskup til hafs sex
(3) to lie at anchor (hann lagði til hafnar vikur); l. um e-n, to lie in wait for; l. um
ok lá þar um hríð); liggja veðrfastr, to lie e-t, to be bent upon (hann liggr um þat
weather-bound; (4) to lie, be situated, of nótt ok dag at veita yðr líflát); l. undir e-
a place (þorp ok borgir, er lágu við ríki n or e-m, to be subject to, belong to (þessi
hans); (5) to lie, go, lead, of a road (liggr lönd liggja undir Danakonung); hlutr e-s
gata til bœjarins); (6) to be covered with liggr undir, one is worsted; l. úti, to lie out,
ice, ice-bound (vetrar-ríki var á mikit ok not in a house (sumir lágu úti á fjöllum
lágu firðir allir); (7) to lie with, have sexu- með bú sín); l. við, to lie at stake (líf mitt
al intercourse with, = l. hjá konu; (8) with liggr við); þá muntu bezt gefast, er mest
preps. and advs., l. á e-m, to lie heavy on, liggr við, when the need is greatest; e-m
weigh upon, oppress (liggja á mér hugir liggr við e-u, one is on the verge of; mör-
stórra manna); l. á hálsi e-m, to hang on gum lá við bana, many lay at death’s door;
one’s neck, blame one; l. á e-m, to be fated lá við sjálft, at, ti was just on the point of.
to one (þat lá á konungi, at hann skyldi lilja, f. lily (hon var hvít sem l.).
eigi lifa um tíu vetr); l. á e-u, to attend, lim, n. foliage, small branches.
be connected with (á þessum ráðum liggja limaðr, pp. (1) branchy, full of branch-
stórmeinbugir); to be urgent, of impor- es; (2) limbed; l. mjök, large-limbed; l.
tance, pressing (A. kvað honum eigi á l. vel, having shapely limbs.

336
lima-fall L litr
lima-fall, n. paralysis; -lát, n. muti- linn-vengi, n. ‘serpent-field’, gold; lin-
lation; -ljótr, a. ugly-limbed; -margr, nvengis bil, woman (poet.).
a. having many branches. linr, a. (1) soft to the touch; (2) gentle,
limar, f. pl. branches (þeir höfðu fest mild (H. var linr ok blíðr við alla sína
skjöldu sína í limar). menn); (3) agreeable, pleasant; faðmast
lima-vöxtr, m. frame of the body. lint, to embrace softly.
lim-byrðr, f. burden of faggots. lipr (acc. -ran), a. handy, adroit.
lim-hlaupa, -hlaupinn, a. indecl. list (pl. -ir), f. (1) art, craft (margar
cowed, prostrate. listir þær, sem áðr höfðu eigi fundnar
limr (gen. -ar, pl. -ir, acc. -u), m. (1) verit); (2) skill, adroitness, dexterity (lék
limb (halda lífi ok limum); (2) joint of hann marga íþróttliga fimleika með
meat (þrír limir kjöts). mikilli l.).
lina (að), v. (1) to soften, mitigate; (2) to lista, f. list, border.
soothe, alleviate (linit harmi mínum); im- lista-maðr, m. skilled workman, crafts-
pers., e-u linar, it abates (við átak hans man.
linat þegar sóttinni); (3) l. til, to give way; listugr, a. (1) skilled, skilful; (2) polite,
(4) refl., linast, to be softened, give way elegant.
(þá linuðust hugir þeirra). listu-liga, adv. skilfully; handsomely,
lin-aflaðr, a. of little strength. finely; -ligr, a. (1) skilful, clever; (2) ele-
linan, f. mitigation. gant, handsome (-ligir menn).
lind, f. (1) lime-tree; lindar váði, fire list-vanr, a. skilful, clever.
(poet.); (2) linden-shield; (3) linden spear- lita (að), v. to dye (l. sik í blóði).
shaft. litanar-gras, n. dyeing herb.

L
lind, f. source, spring; lindar logi, gold litar-, gen. from ‘litr’; -apt, n., -át-
(poet.). ta, f., -háttr, m. complexion.
linda-staðr, m. the waist. lita-skipti, n. change of colour.
lindi, m. belt, girdle. litast (að), v. refl., l. um, to look about
lindi-skjöldr, m. shield of lime-wood; (nú litaðist konungr um).
-tré, n. lime-tree. lit-bjartr, a. bright of complexion;
lin-hjartaðr, a. soft-hearted; -kind, -brigði, n. change of colour; -föróttr,
-kinni, f. mercy; -leikr, m. lenity; a. dappled; -gódr, a. of fine complexion (-
-liga, adv. leniently, gently; -ligr, a. le- góðr í andliti); -gras, n. = litanargras.
nient; -móðr, a. = -mœðinn; -mæltr, litka (að), v. to colour, stain; vel
pp. mild, gentle in speech; -mœðinn, a. litkaðr, of a fine hue.
meek, gentle. lit-klæði, n. pl. coloured (dyed) clothes
linna (-ta, -t), v. to cease, stop (l. fer- (not with the natural colour of the wool);
ðinni); impers., e-u linnir, it ceases, -lauss, a. colourless, pale.
abates (en er því linnti, greiða þeir atróðr litr (gen. -ar, pl. -ir, acc. -u), m. (1)
sinn). colour, hue; bregða lit, to change colour;
linn-ormr, m. (fabulous) serpent. blár (grár, hvítr, rauðr) at lit, blue (grey,
linnr, m. serpent (poet.). white, red) of colour; (2) the colour of the

337
litr L líferni
sky, at dawn or dusk; en er þeir kómu upp líðr á e-t, the time draws to a close; ok er
á heiðina, kenndu þeir, at lit brá, they á leið daginn, when the day was far spent;
saw the day break; þá tók at kenna annars at áliðnu, in the latter part of a time (um
litar, then it began to grow dusk; (3) dye haustit at áliðnu); at áliðnum vetri, to-
(sœkja grös til litar). wards the end of the winter; l. fram, to pass
litr, a. hued, coloured (vel, illa l.). away, wear on (ok er várit leið fram); al-
lit-verpast (t), v. refl. to change so impers., líðr fram e-u = e-t líðr fram
colour; -verpr, a. pale (from fear). (er fram leið nóttinni ok dró at degi); to
líð, n. strong ale (líð heitir öl). advance, proceed (Egill tók at hressast svá
líða (lið; leið, liðum; liðinn), v. (1) sem fram leið at yrkja kvæðit); impers.,
to go, pass, glide (er skipit leið fram hjá þá er frá líðr, when time passes on; láta e-t
flotanum); l. e-m ór hug, to pass out of hjá sér l., to let it pass by unheeded; im-
one’s memory; (2) to pass by, go past (er pers., líðr í mót e-u = líðr at e-u (nú líðr
þeir liðu nesit); impers., en er líðr Eu- í mót jólum); l. um e-t, to pass by (eigi
phrates á (acc.), when one has passed the hœfir þá hluti um at l., er); hann spurði,
E.; sem leið jóladaginn, as the Yule-day hvat liði um kvæðit, he asked how the po-
passed; þá (or þegar) er e-n líðr, when a em was getting on; l. undan, to slip off,
person is omitted, passed over; Úlfr jarl pass by; l. undir lok, to pass away, die,
var ríkastr í Danmörku, þegar er konung perish; l. yfir e-n, to pass over, happen to,
leið, next to the king; (3) to pass away, befall (mart mun yfir þik l.); eitt skal yfir
elapse, of time (eigi munu margir vetur oss alla l., we shall all share the same fate.
l. áðr en þér munuð þessa iðrast); at líða (líddi), v., rare, = prec.
liðnum vetri, when the winter had passed; líðendr, m. pl. wayfarers (ok býðrat
liðinn, dead, deceased; at liðinn fylki, af- líðöndum löð).
ter my lord’s death; (4) impers. with dat., líf, n. (1) life; týna lífinu, to lose one’s
nú líðr, svá dögum, at, the days draw on; life; taka (ráða) e-n af lífi, to take or put
þá var liðit degi, the day was far spent; and end to one’s life; sitja um l. e-s, to at-
(5) to go on, take place; ek vil vita, hvat tempt or seek one’s life; vera á lífi, to be
þeim líðr, how they are getting on; ok sér, alive, living; vera lífi minnr, to be dead;
hvat leið drykkinum, and sees, how it had fyrir l. sitt, even if it should cost one’s life
gone with his drinking; (6) with preps. (þeir vilja ekki fyrir l. sitt frá hverfa); lífs,
and advs., l. af e-u, to depart from; l. af alive; lífs eða látinn, alive or dead; hvárki
heimi, to depart this life; l. af, to pass away lífs né liðinn, lífs né dauða, neither alive
(líðr af vetrinn = líðr fram vetrinn); im- nor dead; (2) body; lífs ok sálar, body and
pers., l. at e-u, to approach, draw near; soul; esp. the waist, middle (hafði hann
en er at leið jólunum, when it drew nigh vafit klæðum um lífit); (3) person; at svá
Yule; l. at e-m, faintness comes over one; fagrt l. skyldi þann veg kveljast, that so
nú tók at l. at Ölvi, O. began to get drunk; fine a man should be tortured in that way.
G. tók sótt, en er at honum leið, when he lífaðr, a. full of life.
was far spent, near his end; líðr at mæt- líf-dagar, m. pl. life-days, life.
ti e-s, one’s strength gives way; impers., líferni, n. = lífi (2).

338
lífga L lík-kista
lífga (að), v. to call to life, revive. líkaði til Sighvats vel); líkaði við hana ek-
lífgan, f. calling to life again. ki illa, they liked her well enough.
líf-gjafari, -gjafi, m. preserver of a líka (að), v. to polish, burnish.
person’s life, rescuer; -gjöf, f. granting life líka, adv. also (rare).
or pardon to one; -hinna, f. the peri- líka-ferð, f. = líkferð; -fœrsla, f. =
toneum; -hræddr, a. fearing for one’s life. líkfœrsla; -gröftr, m. grave-digging;
lífi, n. (1) life; (2) conduct of life. -hlið, n. lich-gate.
líf-lauss, a. lifeless, inanimate (-lausir líkami, m. = líkamr.
hlutir); -lát, n. loss of life, death; -láta, líkam-liga, adv. bodily, in the flesh;
v. to put to death. -ligr, a. bodily, affecting the body (-lig
lífláts-dagr, m. anniversary of one’s heilsa); fleshly.
death; -dómr, m. sentence of death; líkamr (-s, -ir), m. body.
-verðr, a. deserving death. líkams-losti, m. carnal lust; -máttr,
líf-ligr, a. (1) alive, living; (2) life-sup- m. bodily strength.
porting (-lig atvinna). líkandi, n. form, shape.
lífs-björg, f. sustenance of life; -bók, lík-blauðr, a. afraid of a corpse; -blæ-
f. biography; -dœgr, n. day of life; -grös, ja, f. winding-sheet; -ferð, f. funeral
n. pl. healing herbs; -háski, m. danger journey, funeral; -fylgja, f. funeral pro-
of life, extreme danger; -hjálp, f. deliver- cession; -fœrsla, f. the conveyance of a
ance; -hvatr, a. active with life; -leiðin- body to church; -hringing, f. tolling,
di, n. pl. weariness of life; -mark, n. sign knelling.
of life (dauðamörk sé ek á honum, en líki, m. equal, match.
eigi -mörk); -nœring, f. food, = -björg; líki (gen. pl. líkja), n. (1) body (l. leyfa

L
-saga, f. life history, biography; ins ljósa mans); (2) form, shape (hann brá
-stundir, f. pl. ‘life-days’; -tími, m. life- á sik l. graðungs eins).
time; -tjón, n. loss of life, death; -ván, líkindi, n. pl. (1) likelihood, probabili-
f. hope of saving one’s life; -vegr, m. (1) ty; l. eru á e-u or til e-s, it is probable; ve-
means of saving one’s life; (2) way of life. ra (fara) at líkindum, to be (go) as might
líft, a. n. permitted to live (er-at l. be expected; ráða (sjá) e-t at líkindum,
vinum Ingimundar). to guess at a thing; frá líkindum, beyond
líf-tjón, n. loss of life, death; -vænn, likelihood, extraordinary (þótti honum frá
a. with hope of life, with hope of recovery; líkindum, hversu þungr hann var); til
-æðr, f. artery. líkinda við, in comparison with; (2) sem-
lík, n. (1) the living body (við þat l. at li- blance, trace (um morguninn eptir sá engi
fa); (2) the dead body, corpse (jarða l. e-s). l. Danavirkis).
lík, n. bolt-rope, leech-line (of sails). líking, f. shape, form (hann lét gera
líka (að), v. to please, satisfy, with dat. járnkróka í l. akkerisfleina).
(líkaði yðr vel Finnskattrinn?); hvárt er líkja (-ta, -tr), v. to make like; l. eptir
honum líkar vel eðr illa, whether he likes e-m, to imitate; refl., líkjast e-m, to be
it or not; e-m líkar vel (illa) til e-s or við like, resemble (l. í ætt e-s).
e-n, one likes or dislikes a person (honum lík-kista, f. coffin.

339
lík-liga L líta
lík-liga, adv. favourably; taka (svara) tar; (2) to glue (l. skegg við höku sér).
e-u -liga, to give a favourable answer to; lími, m. broom or rod of twigs.
-ligr, a. (1) likely, probable (gør af drau- lím-setja, v. to set in lime.
minum slíkt er þér sýþnist -ligast); lín, n. (1) flax (drósir suðrœnar dýrt l.
Þorsteini var þar vel fagnat, sem -ligt var, spunnu); (2) linen, linen garment; ganga
as might be expected; gøra sik -ligan til e- und líni, to be wedded.
s, to show oneself inclined to; (2) eligible, lína, f. line, rope.
preferable, suitable (nú þykkir Eyjúlfi þet- lína, f. bridal veil (cf. ‘lín’ 2).
ta et líkligasta). lín-brœkr, f. pl. linen breeks;
lík-maðr, m. one who assist at a funer- -dregill, m. linen tape; -dúkr, m. linen
al, a coffin-bearer. cloth, linen kerchief; -fé, n. bridal gift;
líkn, f. mercy, relief, comfort; veita e-m -fræ, n. flax-seed, linseed; -garn, n.
l., to relieve, soothe; hvat er til líkna lagt linen-yarn; -húfa, f. linen cap; -hvítr,
Sigurði, what comfort is assigned for S.? a. white as linen; -klútr, m. linen ker-
líkna (að), v. to show mercy to, with chief; -klæði, n. pl. linen raiment; -kyr-
dat. (hann líknar hvers manns máli); re- till, m. linen kirtle; -lak, n. linen bed-
fl., líknast við e-n, to sue one for mercy (ef sheet; -sekkr, m. linen sack; -serkr, m.
ek skal til blóta hverfa ok l. við goðin). linen shirt; -tjald, n. linen tent; -vefr,
líknar-braut, f. path of mercy; -gal- m. linen web, linen.
dr, m. healing spells, charms; -lauss, a. líta (lít; leit, litum; litinn), v. (1)
merciless; -leysi, n. unmerciful disposi- to look; ok í augu leit, and looked him in
tion. the eyes; (2) to see, behold (Sölvi gat at l.,
líkneski, n., líkneskja, f. (1) shape, hvar þeir flýðu); (3) with preps., l. á e-
form; (2) graven image (l. Freys). t, to look on or at; to consider, take into
líkn-fastr, a. strong in favour, beloved; consideration (hann kvazt mundu l. á slík
-ligr, a. helping, comforting; -samligr, mál); þótti Þrándr brátt hafa á litit, Th.
a. merciful; -stafir, m. pl. good favour, was thought to have been hasty; l. á með e-
comfort. m, to keep an eye on, take care of; l. til e-s,
líkr, a. (1) like, resembling (fríðr sýnum to look towards one; konungr leit ástarau-
ok mjök l. föður sínum); Kári er øngum gum til hennar, the king cast love glances
manni l., K. has no match; líkt ok ekki, at her; hver spurning lítr jafnan til svara,
like nothing (Steinólfi þótti þat líkt ok a question looks for an answer; l. við e-
ekki); at líku, all the same, nevertheless; m, to look at one (keisari leit við honum
(2) likely, probable (þat er ok líkast, at); ok spurði, hverr hann væri); l. yfir e-t, to
(3) likely, promising, fit (lituðust þeir um, look over (Þ. hafði litit yfir verk húskar-
hvar líkast væri út at komast). la sinna); (4) refl., lízt e-m, it seems (ap-
lík-söngr, m. funeral dirge; -þrá, f. pears) to one; leizt honum mærin fögr, he
leprosy; -þrár, a. leprous. thought the maiden beautiful; svá lízt mér,
lím, n. lime, mortar (var þat mikit mus- sem, it seems to me that; lízt þér eigi sil-
teri ok gört sterkliga at lími). frit, dost thou not like the silver?; hver-
líma (-da, -dr), v. (1) to lime with mor- su lízt þér á mey þessa, what dost thou

340
lítil-fjörligr L ljóða
think of this maiden?; leizt mér vel á ko- at smá-konungar báðu hennar); (3) trifle
nunginn, I was pleased with the king; rec- (þér væri -ræði í at skipta höggum við
ipr., to look to one another (fellst hvárt Vatsdœli).
öðru vel í geð, ok litust þau vel til ok lítils-verðr, a. of little worth, insignif-
blíðliga). icant (sýnist þér þat -vert?).
lítil-fjörligr, a. weak, small, of little lítil-vægíligr, a. of little weight or
account; -gæft, a. n., e-m er -gæft um e- moment; -yrkr, a. doing little work; -þæ-
t, one is not much pleased with; -hœfr, a. gr, a. (1) content with little (mun ek -þægr
humble. at yfirbót); (2) particular (hann er -þægr
lítill (lítil, lítit), a. (1) little, small at orðum, ef honum er í móti skapi).
in size (lét hann læsa þá í lítilli stofu); lítinn þann, as adv. a little; ok brosti
at ek var ekki l. maðr vexti, that I was at l. þ., and smiled a little.
not small of stature; (2) small in amount, lítt, as adv. (1) little; ek kann l. til laga,
degree, &c. (lítil var gleði manna at I know but little of the law; hann nam lítt
boðinu); sumar þetta var l. grasvöxtr, a stað, he made a little stand; (2) wretched-
small (bad) crop; landit er skarpt ok lítit ly, poorly, badly (hón bar sik þá l. ok grét
matland, bad for foraging; hann er l. blót- allsárt).
maðr, no great worshipper; þat er lítit mál, líttat, líttþat, adv. a little, = lítinn
that is a small matter; var hans móðerni þann; a small amount, a short time (mælti
lítit, of low rank; jarl hafði hann lengi Gísli, at þeir skyldi bíða líttat).
lítinn mann gört, treated him shabbily; l. ljá (lé, léða, léðr), v. (1) l. e-m e-
fyrir sér, of little account (þér munut kalla s or e-m e-t, to lend one a thing (muntu
mik lítinn mann fyrir mér); (3) of time, mér, Freyja, fjaðrhams ljá?; bað hann ljá

L
short, brief; litla stund, for a short while; sér skip); (2) to grant, give (vil ek, at þú
litlu siðarr, a little while after. ljáir mér tómstundar til at finna Gizur);
lítil-látliga, adv. humbly; -látligr, l. sik til e-s, to lend oneself to a thing
a. condescending, humble; -látr, a. = (ef hann vill sik til þess l. at gera yðr
-látligr; -leikr, m. smallness, littleness; mein); (3) impers., þat má vera, (at) þér
-leitr, a. small-faced; -liga, adv. little, ljái þess hugar at hverfa aptr, may be thou
in a small degree; -læta (-tta, -ttr), v., art minded to return; ef þér lér tveggja
-læta sik, to humble oneself, condescend; huga um þetta mál, if thou art in two
-læti, n. humility; condescenscion; -mag- minds in this matter.
ni, m. a poor, weak person; -mannliga, ljá, f. new-mown grass (kona hans
adv. in a paltry manner; -mannligr, a. rakaði ljá eptir honum).
unmanly, low, mean; -menni, n. (1) small, ljá-orf, n. scythe-handle.
mean person; (2) one of low condition; ljár, m. scythe, = lé (rare).
-mennska, f. paltriness, meanness; ljóð, n. verse or stanza of a song (ljóð
-mótliga, adv. = -mannliga; -mótligr, þau, er kallat er gróttasöngr); a ditty, a
a. insignificant, small; -ræði, n. (1) small- charm in verse; usually pl., also in names
ness of estate, opp. to greatness; (2) of poems, as Hyndluljóð, Sólarljóð.
degradation (henni þótti sér -ræði í því ljóða (að), v. to make verses, sing; l. á

341
ljóðan L ljúga
e-n, to address one in verse. lostinn), v. (1) to strike, smite (laust
ljóðan, f. verse-making, singing. hann sveininn með sprota); l. e-n
ljóð-biskup, m = lýð-biskup; kinnhest, to give one a box on the ear;
-heimar, m. pl. the people’s abode, world. hann lýstr ofan í miðjan hvirfil honum,
ljóði, m., álfa l., the elves’ king. he dealt him a blow in the middle of the
ljóðr, m. = lýðr. crown; laust hann selinn í svima, he
ljóðr, m. blemish, defect. stunned the seal (by a blow on the head);
ljóma (að), v. to gleam, shine; ljómar af (2) to strike, hit, with a spear, arrow (þá
e-u, a thing gleams or shines (ljómaði af, var Knútr lostinn öru til bana); Þjóstólfr
er sólin skein á). skaut broddi, ok laust undir kverkina,
ljómi, m. flash of light, radiance. and hit him under the chin; (3) phrases, l.
ljón, n. = león. árum í sjó, to dash the oars into the sea; l.
ljónar, m. pl. men (poet.). eldi í, to put fire to; l. e-u upp, to spread a
ljóri, m. louver or opening in the roof rumour (skal ek þá l. upp þeim kvitt, at);
(for the smoke to escape by, and also for l. upp herópi, to raise the war-cry; l. e-u
admitting light). við e-u, to put forth in defiance against (E.
ljós, n. (1) a burning light (þeir þóttust laust skildinum við kesjunni); G. lýstr við
sjá fjögur ljós í hauginum brenna); kveik- atgeirinum, G. parries the blow with the
ja l., to make a light; (2) light of the sun, bill; (4) impers. illviðri lýstr á, bad weath-
&c. (hefir þat ljós af sólu); fig., láta e-t er comes on of a sudden; laust í barda-
í ljós, to bring to light, reveal; koma í l., ga með þeim mikinn, it came to a great
to come to light, appear; (3) world; í þvísa battle between them; laust hræzlu í hug
ljósi ok öðru, in this life and the next. þeim, they were panic-stricken; e-m lýstr
ljós-álfr, m. light-elf; -bleikr, a. saman, to come to blows, begin to fight; ok
light yellow, pale; -hárr, a., -hærðr, a. er saman laust liðinu, when they came to
light-haired; -jarpr, a. light-chestnut close fighting; myrkri lýstr yfir, darkness
(hárit -jarpt, -jarpr á hár); -ker, n. comes on suddenly.
lantern, lamp; -leikr, m. brightness; ljóstr (gen. -rs), m. salmon-spear.
-liga, adv. clearly, plainly; -ligr, a. ljót-leikr, m. ugliness; -liga, adv. in
clear, plain; -litaðr, a. light-hued, light- an ugly manner; -ligr, a. ugly, hideous;
coloured. -limaðr, a. with ugly limgs.
ljóss, a. (1) light, bright; l. dagr, a bright ljótr, a. ugly (Þ. var manna ljótastr);
day; verða ljóst, to grow light, dawn; (2) fátt mun ljótt á Baldri, on Balder there are
bright, shining (hann hafði exi ljósa um few blemishes.
öxl); (3) light-coloured, fair; l. á hár, light- ljúfr, a. (1) beloved, dear (l. e-m); (2)
haired, = ljóshárr; ljós vara, ermine; (4) mild, gentle (hann var l. ok lítillátr við al-
clear, evident, plain (hitt er ljóst, at þeir la); (3) ljúft ok leitt, pleasant and unpleas-
muni vilja vera úvinir mínir); vil ek ant, weal and woe.
ljósan gera mik, I will speak out plainly, ljúga (lýg; laug or ló, lugum;
make a clean breast. loginn), v. (1) to lie, tell a lie (lýgr þú nú,
ljósta (lýst; laust, lustum; Atli!); mannfýla sú, er þetta hefir logit,

342
ljúg-eiðr L logn-drífa
the rascal who has told this lie; l. e-n e-u, (ef konungr vill þeim lof til gefa); (3) in
to charge one falsely with a thing (ef hann pl. license; þeir skulu ráða lögum ok lo-
er loginn þessu máli); l. e-u at e-m, to tell fum, the administration rests with them.
a lie to one (eigi er logit at þér); l. á e- lofa (að), v. (1) to praise (lofa konung
n, to tell lies about one, belie; l. til e-s, to þenna, en lasta eigi aðra konunga); (2) to
tell a lie about (l. til faðernis); (2) to treat allow, permit (l. e-m e-t); (3) to promise
falsely; Brandr mun eigi ljúga stefnuna, (hann lofaði at koma aptr).
B. will not fail to come; lýgr skjöldrinn nú lofan-ligr, a. praiseworthy.
at mér, now the shield proves false to me, lof-drápa, f. laudatory poem.
fails me; (3) refl., ljúgast, to fail, prove lofðar, m. pl. poet. men.
false or untrue (hefir yðr þat sjaldan lo- lofðungr, m. poet. prince, king (þar
gizt, er ek sagða). átti lofðungr land á milli).
ljúg-eiðr, m. false oath, perjury; lof-gjarn, a. eager for praise or
-fróðr, a. untruthful; -gögn, n. pl. false renown; -gjarnligr, a. laudatory;
evidences; -heitr, a. false to one’s word -gørð, f. praise; -kvæði, n. laudatory po-
(cf. ‘úljúgheitr’); -kviðr, m. false verdict; em, encomium; -ligr, a. (1) laudatory,
-spár, a. prophesying falsely; -vitni, n., praising (-lig orð); (2) praiseworthy, glo-
-vætti, n. false witness, perjury; -yrði, rious; -orð, n. leave, permission; -sam-
n. falsehood. liga, adv. gloriously; -samligr, a. glori-
ljúka, v. see ‘lúka’. ous; -semd, f. praise, laudation (lofsem-
loða (loði, lodda, loðat), v. to darorð).
cleave to, stick, hang on (haf þú þat silfr, lofs-orð, n. praise.
er í hárinu loðir); Hrútr hjó á fót Þjóstól- lof-sæla, f. esteem, fame; -sæll, a.

L
fi svá at lítlu loddi við, so that it hung by a glorious, famous; -söngr, m. song of
shred; hón loddi á hringinum eptir mag- praise, hymn.
ni, she kept as firm hold as she could of the log, n. (1) flame (kerti mjök mikit ok
ring. log á); (2) esp. pl. lights, torches (þrjú
loddari, m. juggler, jester. vóru log í skálanum).
loð-brœkr, f. pl. shaggy breeks. loga (að), v. to burn with a flame, to
loði, m. fur cloak. blaze; hyr sé ek brenna, en hauðr l., I see
loðin-höfði, m. shaggy head; -kinni, the fire burning and the earth ablaze.
m. shaggy cheek (nicknames). logi, m. flame, blaze; brenna loga
loðinn, a. (1) hairy, shaggy, woolly; ær (dat.), to burn strongly, be ablaze; þá var
loðnar ok lembdar, ewes in fleece and with enn l. á eldinum, the fire was still aflame.
lamb; l. sem selr, shaggy as a seal; (2) cov- logn, n. calm (l. var veðrs); veðrit datt
ered with thick grass (túnit var úslegit ok (féll) í l., it fell dead calm.
gekk hestrinn þangat sem loðnast var). logn-drífa, f. drift of snow in calm
loð-kápa, f. fur cloak, = loði; -ólpa, f. weather; -fara, a. indecl., poet. tranquil,
a large fur doublet. peaceful (lundr -fara); -rétt, f., liggja í
lof, n. (1) praise, good report (opt -rett, to be becalmed or drifting slowly on
kaupir sér í litlu lof); (2) leave, permission the sea.

343
lok L lost-fagr
lok, n. (1) bolt (of a door); láta l. frá lokna (að), v. to come to an end, drop
hurðu, to unbolt a door; (2) lock (en lyklar (láta l. niðr mál).
vóru settir í lokin); (3) cover, lid (ok l. yfir lok-rekkja, f. = -hvíla.
kerinu); (4) locker or bench in the stern lokrekkju-gólf, n. = hvílugólf.
of a boat, = stafnlok (gekk biskup fram í loks, loksins, adv. at last, finally.
lokit); (5) in pl. lockers; gullhringr hvarf loku-gat, n. a hole for a latch;
frá husfreyju ór lokum; out of the lockers; -sveinn, m. door-keeper.
(6) fig. in pl. end, conclusion; þat fylgir lopt, n. (1) air, atmosphere, sky (skein
ljóða lokum, this is the end of my lay; fœra sól, ok var lítt a l. komin); l. var mikit til
e-t til loka, to put an end to; liða undir l., jarðar at falla, it was a great height to fall
to die, perish; at lokum, at last, = loks; til down; l. ok lögr, sky and sea; á l., aloft,
loks, to an end; completely, altogether. into the air; bera (fœra) á l., to spread
lok, n. a kind of fern or weed; ganga abroad; hlaupa í l. upp, to leap up into
sem l. yfir akr, to spread like weeds over a the air; liggja í l. upp, to lie face upper-
field. most; á lopti, aloft, in the air, on high; taka
loka, f. bolt of a door (hurðarloka); láta spjót á lopti, to catch a spear as it flies; (2)
loku fyrir hurð, to bolt a door; spretta frá loft, upper room (Gunnar svaf í lopti einu í
lokunni, láta loku frá hurð, to unbolt a skálanum); (3) balcony (hann hleypr ofan
door; margr seilist um hurð til lokunnar, ór loptinu á strætit).
many a man reaches far to get what is near lopt-dyrr, f. pl. the door to a ‘lopt’;
at hand. -eldr, m. lightning; -hús, n. ‘loft-cham-
loka (að), v. to lock, shut (l. hurðina). ber’; -höll, f. an upper “skemma’; -sto-
lokarr (-s, pl. lokrar), m. plane. fa, f. upper room; -svalar, -svalir, f.
lokar-spánn, m. plane shavings. pl. balcony, gallery.
lok-hvíla, f. locked bed-closet. los, n. looseness, breaking up (var þá al-
lokhvílu-þil, n. wainscot or panelling staðar los á fylkingunum).
of a bed-closet. losa (að), v. (1) to loosen, make loose
lokka (að), v. to allure, entice (Æsir (hann losar til heyit niðri við jörðina); (2)
lokkuðu Fenrisúlf til þess at leggja fjö- to perform, do (ok hefir þú þá vel losat þitt
turinn á hann); l. e-t af e-m, to coax or erendi); (3) refl., losast, to get loose, get
wheedle out of one (ef menn sitja um at l. away (l. ór hernaði).
af mér fé mitt). losna (að), v. (1) to become loose, get
lokka-maðr, m. a man with thick locks free (þá rettust fingrnir ok losnuðu af
of hair. meðalkaflanum); (2) fig., tók nú
lokkan, f. allurement, enticement. bardaginn at l., the ranks began to get
lokkari, m. allurer, seducer. loose; l. í sundr, to dissolve, break up; (3)
lokkast (að), v. to fall in locks (hárit to get away (l. brott).
lokkaðist ofan í herðar). losta-fullr, a. lustful, lewd; -girnd,
lokkr (-s, -ar), m. lock of hair. f. lust; -samligr, a. lecherous; -semd, f.,
lok-lausa, -leysa, f. nonsense, absur- -semi, f. lustfulness, lust, sensuality.
dity (lygi ok loklausa). lost-fagr, a. so fair as to awaken desire

344
losti L lúka
(-fagrir litir). lurka (að), v. to cudgel, thrash.
losti, m. lust, carnal desire. lurkr (-s, -ar), m. cudgel.
lostigr, a. willing, ready, opp. to lúðr (gen. -rs), m. (1) trumpet (blása
‘nauðigr’ (skal ek deyja lostig). í l.); (2) the stand of a hand-mill (þær at
lost-verk, n. labour of love; létt eru lúðri leiddar vóru).
-verk, a labour of love falls light. lúðra-gangr, m. sound of trumpets;
lota, f. (1) round, bout, turn (síðan glí- -menn, m. pl. trumpeters; -söngr, m.,
ma þeir þrjár lotur); (2) lotum, as adv. by -þytr, m. = -gangr.
fits and starts, from time to time (en lotum lúðr-blástr, m. blowing of trumpets;
horfði hann á). -sveinn, -þeytari, m. trumpeter.
lotning, f. reverence, veneration. lúfa, f. thick and matted hair, a nick-
ló (pl. lœr), f. golden plover. name of Harald the Fairhaired.
lófa-tak, n. (1) hand-shake; (2) show of lúinn, pp. (1) worn, bruised (vóru ok
hands. árar mjök lúnar); (2) worn out, exhausted
lófi, m. the hollow of the hand, palm (hann verðr lúinn; var lúinn hestr hans
(mun ek bera þat í lófa mér). mjök); cf. ‘lýja’.
lóg, n. complete use; leggjast í l., to be lúka (lýk; lauk, lukum; lokinn), v.
used up; þeir munu ekki öllu í l. koma, (1) to shut (= l. aptr); (2) to end, bring to
they will be unable to make use of all (their an end, finish, conclude, with dat. (hann
forces). lauk rœðu sinni); þá er menn höfðu lokit
lóga (að), v. (1) to part with, make away lögskilum at mæla, when they had fin-
with (lógaðu eigi landinu); (2) to waste, ished their pleading; (3) to pay, l. e-m e-
destroy (hvárki mundi sá drykkr viti þeir- t (svá mikit fé, sem vér eigum konung-

L
ra l. né afli þeirra). inum at l.); (4) impers., lýkr e-u, it is at
lómr, m. loon, loom (the bird). an end; lýkr þar nú sögunni, here the sto-
lómundr (pl. -ir), m. lemming. ry ends; eptir þat var lokit þinginu, af-
lón, n. lagoon, inlet. ter that the Thing was broken up; var þess
lukka, f. luck, good fortune. ván, at illa mundi illum l., that it would
lund, f. (1) mind, temper; vera mikillar end badly with a bad man; þá var lokit öl-
lundar, to be of a proud mind; (2) manner; lum vistum nema hval, all stores were ex-
á ymsar lundir, in various ways; á þá l., á hausted, except whale; absol., svá lauk at
þessa l., in this way, thus. lyktum, finally it ended so that; lýkr svá,
lundaðr, pp. disposed, minded. at þeir kaupa þessu, it ended so that they
lundar-far, n. temper, disposition. struck the bargain; áðr en lýkr, áðr lýkr,
lunderni, n. temper, = lyndi. before the end comes (nærr munum við
lund-hœgr, a. gentle-minded. gangast áðr lýkr); um þat er lýkr, final-
lundi, m. puffin. ly, in the end; (5) with preps., l. aptr, to
lundr (gen. -ar), m. (1) clump of trees, shut, with acc. or dat. (l. aptr hurðina or
grove; (2) tree (rare). hurðinni); l. e-u í sundr, to open (lúk heill
lung, n. poet. war-ship. munni í sundr); impers., er í sundr lauk
lungu, n. pl. lungs. firðinum, when the fjord opened; l. upp,

345
lús L lymska
to open, with dat. or acc. (l. upp hurðin- lyf-steinn, m. healing stone, stone of
ni or hurðina); l. upp augum, to open the special virtue.
eyes; to declare, make known (en er jarl lygð, f. lie, falsehood, = lygi.
hafði því upp lokit, at hann mundi fyl- lygi (pl. lygar), f. lie, falsehood (þat
gja þeim); l. uppgørð, to deliver a judge- er ok in mesta l.); -konungr, m. false
ment (of an umpire); impers., lýkr e-u king; -kvittr, m. false rumour; -lauss,
upp, it opens; l. vel (illa) við e-n, to behave a. truthful; -ligr, a. false (-lig orð);
well (ill), deal fairly (unfairly) with a per- -maðr, m. liar, impostor; -saga, f. false
son (Bolli fekk Sigríði gjaforð göfugt ok news, untrue story.
lauk vel við hana); l. við, to end (má vera, lygn, a. calm, smooth, of wind and
at svá lúki við, at þér þykki alkeypt); l. waves (var veðr gott ok lygnt).
yfir, impers., to come to an end, to a final lygna (-di, -t), v. impers. to become
issue (skal nú yfir l. með oss); (6) refl., calm (lygndi veðrit).
lúkast, to be shut (ok þegar laukst hurðin lykill (pl. luklar and lyklar), m.
á hæla honum); to come to an end, to end key.
(hér lýkst sjá bók); l. upp, to open (fjallit lykils-laust, adv. without using a key
laukst upp norðan). (lúka upp lás -laust).
lús (pl. lýss), f. louse (sárt bítr soltin lykja (lyk, lukta, luktr), v. (1) to
lús; lýss ok kleggjar). shut in, enclose, close; l. e-n í myrkvasto-
lúsugr, a. lousy (verjan var öll lúsug). fu, to shut one up in a dungeon; (2) to put
lúta (lýt; laut, lutum; lotinn), v. an end to (hvatki er lífi hans hefir lukt).
(1) to lout, bow down (konungr laut þá allt lykkja, f. loop, coil of a rope, &c. (hann
niðr at jörðu); (2) to bow to in homage or hafði ok dregr á hönd sér); gera lykkja á
worship (Erlingr laut konungi ok heilsaði leiðinni, to put an end to one’s journey, to
honum); (3) to give away, yield; hinir læ- stop; coil of a serpent (ormr með lykkju
gri verða at l., the weaker has to yield; (4) mikilli ok breiðum sporði).
with preps., l. at e-u, to bear upon, have lykkjóttr, a. looped, curved.
reference to (þat sem at lýtr þess manns lykk-lauss, a. without bend.
lofi); to bow for a thing; l. at litlu, to be lykna (að), v. to bend the knees.
thankful for little; l. til e-s, to belong to, lykt, f. end, conclusion (sú varð l. á
bear upon (þetta efni lýtr til lofs herra viðrskiptum þeirra, sem nú má heyra);
Guðmundi); to pay homage, show defer- esp. in pl., gøra (vinna) lyktir á e-u, to do,
ence, to (lutu allir til hans); l. undir e-n, perform; koma málum til lykta, to bring
to be subject to (þeir ætluðu engan guð ve- a case to a final issue; leiða e-t til lykta,
ra þann, er þeir áttu undir at l.). to bring to an end, finish; at lyktum, at
lútr, a. louting, bent down, stooping. last, finally (þó flýði hann at lyktum); þat
lydda, f. lazy villain. verðr at lyktum, at, the end of it was, that.
lyf, n. medicine, healing herb; ekki l., lykta (að), v. to bring to an end, finish;
nought, not the least. impers., lyktar e-u, it ends.
lyfja (að), v. to heal; l. e-m e-t, to cure lykta-lauss, a. endless.
one of; l. e-m elli, to kill one. lymska, f. wiliness, cunning.

346
lymskast L lýsa
lymskast (að), v. to steal quietly, to lysti-samligr, a. sensual (-samlig
sneak (fœrist hann á fœtr ok lymskast girnd); -semi, f. = lysting.
fram at durunum). lystr, a. desirous of, eager for (l. e-s);
lymsk-liga, adv. cunningly. lyst várumk þess lengi, I have long wished
lymskr, a. wily, cunning. for this.
lyndi, n. temper, disposition. lystugr, a. eager, desirous.
lyndis-bragð, n. temper; -góðr, a. lýð-biskup, m. suffragan bishop.
good-tempered; -lag, n. temper, disposi- lýð-maðr, m. commoner, layman;
tion; -líkr, a. of like temper. -mannligr, a. like a common man; -men-
lyndr, a. tempered; illa l., bad-tem- ni, n. coll. = -menn.
pered, opp. to ‘góðlyndr’. lýðr (-s, -ir, rarely -ar), m. (1) people,
lyng (dat. lyngvi), n. ling, heather. esp. the common people (er konungr
lyng-áll, m. ‘heather-eel’, snake; heyrði ákafa lýðsins); (2) the members of a
-bakr, m. ‘ling-back’, a fabulous sea- household (gakk þú út ok allr l. með þér);
monster; -fiskr, m. ‘ling-fish’, snake; (3) pl. men, persons (allir lýðir).
-ormr, m. snake (living among heather); lýðska, f. = lýzka.
-runnr, m. heath bush. lýð-skylda, f. the duty of a liege-man to
lypta (-pta, -ptr), v. to lift, raise, with his lord, homage (eptir þat veitti jarl hon-
dat. (síðan lypti hón kápuhetti hans ok sá um ønga lýðskyldu); -skyldr, a. yield-
í andlit honum); l. e-u upp, to lift up; l. ing lýðskylda to one, subject to one; -skyl-
ferð sinni, to start on a journey; impers., dugr, a. = -skyldr.
lyptir e-u, it is lifted up, raised; lypti þá lýja (lý, lúða, lúinn), v. (1) to beat,
mjök brúnum manna, their faces bright- hammer; l. járn, to forge iron (with a

L
ened; refl., lyptast, to move, stir (lézt sledge-hammer); (2) to wear out, exhaust
hann ekki mundu þaðan l. fyrr en á bak (lýr hann sóttin ok deyr hann); (3) refl.,
jólum); lyptist þeim þá lítt reiði, their lýjast, to be worn, exhausted (tóku menn
anger was raised a little. þá at l. mjök á erfiði).
lypting, f. raised deck (in the after- lýrit, n., lýritr, lýrittr (gen. -ar),
part of war-ships). m. veto, interdict; verja e-t lýriti, to put a
lyrgr, m. forelock; taka e-m lyrg, to veto on, forbid by law.
take one by the forelock. lýsa (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to light up, illu-
lyst, f. desire, pleasure (rare). minate (sól skal l. allan heim ok verma);
lysta (-sti), v. impers., e-n lystir, one impers., ok lýsir allt lopt af faxi hans,
desires, wishes; lifði hverr sem lysti, every and from his mane is lighted up all the sky;
one lived just as he pleased; hann lysti at lýsir af e-u, it shines, glitters (lýsti ok af
sjá Ísland, he wished to see Iceland; mik hjálminum, er sólin skein á); lýsir, it gets
lystir til e-s, í e-t, I have a fancy to, a de- light, it dawns (um morguninn, er lýsa
sire for (mik lysti í hring þenna). tók); (2) to manifest, show, exhibit (Heinir
lysti-liga, adv. delightfully; -ligr, a. lýstu mikinn drengskap); (3) to proclaim,
delightful. publish, give notice of, as a law term; with
lysting, f. desire, pleasure, delight. acc., l. frumhlaup, sár, víg á hendr e-m,

347
lýsa L lær-dómr
to charge one with, indict one for, an as- lægi, n. (1) berth, anchorage (leggja
sault, wound, manslaughter; with dat., l. skipi í l.); (2) opportunity, fair wind (gaf
vígi á hendr sér, to declare oneself to be þeim ekki l. út ór firðinum).
the cause of a death; (4) to publish, pro- læging, f. disgrace, degradation.
claim, with dat. (lýsir hann þingreið sin- lægja (-ða, -ðr), v. (1) to lower, let
ni); l. yfir e-u, to make known (S. lýsir down (l. segl); (2) fig. to humble, bring
erindi sínu fyrir jarli); (5) impers., nú down (hann drap þá, eða lægði þá á annan
lýsir hér yfir því, at hún, now it became veg); (3) impers., lægir e-t, it is lowered,
clear, that she; (6) to illuminate (a book). sinks; þeir sigldu svá, at lönd (acc.) lægði,
lýsa, f. gleam, shimmering light (ek sé they sailed so far that the land sank out
lýsu nökkura til hafsins). of sight; þegar er sólina lægði, when the
lýsari, m. illuminator. sun sank; of a storm, it abates (þá tók at
lýsi, n. (1) light, brightness; (2) means of l. veðrit); (4) refl., lægjast, to fall, sink
lighting; oil, train-oil. abate (vindar lægðust; af hans tilkvámu
lýsi-gull, n. bright gold. lægðist harkit).
lýsing, f. (1) lighting, illumination; (2) læ-gjarn, a. guileful.
daybreak, dawn; (3) declaration, publica- lægr, a., eiga lægt at kirkju, to have a
tion; (4) bans of marriage. right to be buried at a church.
lýsingar-skeið, f. the time of day- lækna (að), v. to cure, heal.
break; -váttr, m. a witness to a declara- læknan, f. cure, = lækning.
tion, a law term; -vætti, n. attestation to læknari, m. physician.
a declaration (lýsing, 3). lækning (pl. -ar), f. (1) cure; Hallr var
lýsis-fat, n. train-oil cask. at lækningu at Hváli, H. was under med-
lýta (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) to blemish; (2) ical treatment at H.; (2) medicine (góð l.);
to blame; (3) to disgrace, violate. (3) the healing art.
lýta-flekkr, m. disfiguring spot; lækningar-bragð, n. medical re-
-lauss, a. faultless, without blemish. source; -íþrótt, f. healing art; -lyf, n.
lýti, n. (1) fault, blemish (þat var lýti á, means of healing, medicine.
at); (2) disgrace. læknir (-is, -ar), m. physician.
lýzka, f. (1) custom, manner (hann hefir læknis-bragð, n., -dómr, m. medi-
sömu lýzku sína ok áðr); (2) dialect, = cine; -gras, n. healing herb; -hendr, f.
mállýzka. pl. healing hands; -lyf, n. medicine.
lýzkaðr, a. mannered. læmingr (-s, -ar), m. loom (bird).
læ (dat. lævi), n., poet. venom, bane; lær, n. (1) the leg above the knee, thigh
blanda lopt lævi, to poison the air; sviga (Kolskeggr hjó á lærit ok undan fótinn);
læ, ‘switch-bane’, fire; biðja e-m læs, to (2) ham, of meat (lær af þrevetrum uxa).
wish one evil; löngr eru lýða læ, the woes læra (-ða, -ðr), v. to teach (hann lærði
of men are long; -blandinn, pp. baleful, Ara prest); lærast at e-m, to get informa-
venomous. tion from a person.
lægð, f. (1) a hollow, low place; (2) low- lær-dómr, m. (1) learning, scholarship;
ness; (3) degradation. (2) the clergy (öfundarmenn lærdóm-

348
lærdóms-list L lögg
sins). judge one’s case according to law; leita laga
lærdóms-list, f. art of learning; við e-n, to go to law with; ræna e-n lögum,
-maðr, m. scholar (-maðr mikill). to deprive one of law, to treat one unfairly;
lærðr, pp. learned (vel. l. þegar á unga segja or segja upp l., to recite the law, say
aldri); lærðir menn, clerics. what is the law; at (eptir, með) lögum, ac-
læri-faðir, m. teacher, master. cording to law; (2) participation or fellow-
læring, f. teaching, instruction. ship in law (þrælar eru ekki í lögum með
læri-sonr, m., -sveinn, m. disciple. öðrum mönnum); leiða e-n í l., to make
lær-leggr, m. thigh-bone. one a full member of a community (eru þeir
læsa (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to lock, with dat.; nú leiddir í l. með þeim Jómsvíkingum).
læsti hón loptinu innan, she locked the lög-arfi, m. lawful heir; -ávöxtr, m.
room from the inside; kirkjur vóru allar legal interest; -beiðing, f. legal demand.
læstar, all the churches were locked; (2) to lög-berg, -bergi, n. the law-rock (the
shut in, lock up (hón fylgdi henni í útibúr place at the Alþingi where the laws were
ok læsti þau þar); (3) to set in metal (í recited).
hjalti sverðsins vóru læstir lyfsteinar). lögbergs-ganga, f. the procession (of
læti (dat. látum), n. pl. (1) noise, cries the ‘goðar’) to the law-rock.
(slík l. þóttist konungrinn eigi heyrt lög-binda (see binda), v. to bind, stip-
hafa); (2) manners, voice (lit hefir þú ulate by law; -bjóða (see bjóða), v. to or-
Gunnars ok l. hans). der, prescribe by law; -boð, n. lawful call,
lævirki (pl. -jar), m. lark (bird). demand; -bók, f. lawbook, code of laws;
læ-vísi, f. craft; -víss, a. crafty. -brot, n. breach of law; -brotsmaðr,
lœðingr, m. a fetter (one of those put m. law breaker; -bú, n. lawful household;

L
upon the wolf Fenrir). -deila, f. law quarrel, litigation; -dómr,
lœfð, f. hand’s breadth. m. (1) lawful court; (2) legal sentence;
lœkjar-fall, n. running brook; -far, -eggjan, f. just (lawful) provocation;
n. the bed of a brook; -óss, m. month of a -eiðr, m. lawful oath; -eindagi, m. legal
brook; -rás, f. = -fall. term; -eyrir (pl. -aurar), m. (1) legal
lœkr (-jar, -ir), m. brook, rivulet. money, legal payment; (2) = eyrir, six ells
löð (gen. laðar), f. invitation (poet.). of ‘vaðmál’; eighth part of a mark;
löðr, n. froth, see ‘lauðr’. -fardagr, m. a legal time for moving
löðr-mannligr, a. mean, despicable; one’s household; -fasta, f. law-fast;
-menni, n. mean, feeble person. -fastnan, f. lawful betrothal; -fastr, a.
lög, n. pl. (1) law, laws (með lögum skal domiciled; -fá (see fá), v. to receive legal-
land byggja, en með ólögum eyða); leggja ly.
l. á e-t, to establish by law; leiða e-t í l., to lög-fákr, m. ‘sea-horse’, ship (poet.).
bring into law, introduce a law; taka e-t í lög-fróðr, a. learned in law; -frœði,
l., to accept as law (fyrr en kristni væri í l. f. law, jurisprudence; -fullr, a. lawful,
tekin á Íslandi); hafa e-t í lögum, to adopt legal; -fundr, m. lawful meeting, public
by law (þat var í lögum haft á Íslandi); meeting.
setja l., to give law; dœma e-m l., to ad- lögg (gen. laggar), f. groove in the

349
lög-garðr L lögu-nautr
staves of a cask. in the Icelandic Commonwealth; also the
lög-garðr, m. lawful fence. place where the legislative sittings were
löggra (að), v. to wag the tail (rare). held; ganga til -réttu, to proceed to the
lög-grið, n. pl. lawful abode; -heim- -rétta; (2) in Norway, and also in Iceland
ili, n. lawful domicile; -klókr, a. = after the union with Norway, public court
-kœnn; -krókar, m. pl. law quibbles; of law; -réttr, m. ‘law-right,’ compensa-
-kvöð, f. legal summons; -kœni, f. skill in tion legally due to one.
the law; -kœnn, a. versed, skilled in the lögréttu-maðr, m. member of the ‘lö-
law; -kœnska, f. = -kœni; -lauss, a. un- grétta’; -skipan, f. order, constitution of
lawful; -leiða (see leiða), v. (1) to bring the ‘lögrétta’ (as to the number of its
(a freedman) to the privileges of the law, = members).
leiða e-n í lög; (2) to introduce as law, = lög-ruðning, f. legal challenge (of
leiða e-t í lög; -leysa, f. lawlessness, law- neighbours or judges); -ræna (-da, -dr),
less state; -liga, adv. lawfully; -ligr, a. v. to deprive of law, = ræna e-n lögum;
lawful, legal; -lýsing, f. legal declaration -ræningr, m. a person who has been
(in pleading); -maðr, m. (1) lawyer (Njáll cheated of his lawful right; -saga, f. (1)
var maðr svá mikill, at engi fannst hans ‘law-speaking’, pronouncing the law; (2)
jafningi); (2) later, = ‘lögsögumaðr’ (as in the office of the ‘lögsögumaðr’ (taka
Norway and Sweden); -mál, n. (1) pre- -sögu, hafa -sögu); (3) declaration of the
scription, rule of the law; (2) law; (3) mu- ‘lögsögumaðr’ or ‘lögmaðr’ (þá bað ko-
tual agreement. nungr þóri lögmann birta sína -sögu);
lögmáls-bók, f. book of the law; -sekr, a. guilty by law (hvárigir urðu
-spjöld, n. pl. law tables; -staðr, m. le- -sekir); -sjándi (pl. -sjándr), m. (1) sur-
gal point, ground of action; -örk, f. the ark veyor; (2) eye-witness, lawful witness;
of the covenant. -skil, n. pl. pleadings or proceedings as
lög-mæltr, pp. prescribed in the law prescribed in the law = lögmælt skil
(öll -mælt skil); -mætr, a. (1) = -mæltr (Mörðr mælti -skil at vanda sínum);
(öll -mæt skil); (2) coming under the law, -skilnaðr, m. legal divorce; -skipan, f.
punishable (-mætar sakir). ordinance; -skyld, f. legal debt; -skyldr,
lögn (gen. lagnar), f. a net laid in the a. (1) bound by law; (2) prescribed by law;
sea, opp. to ‘dragnet’. -spakr, a. learned in the law; -speki, f.
lög-prettr, m. law-quibble; -pun- jurisprudence; -stefna, f. lawful sum-
dari, m. legal steelyard. mons; -sögn, f. (1) the jurisdiction of a
lögr (gen. lagar, dat. legi), m. (1) ‘lögmaðr’; (2) office of a ‘lögmaðr’; (3) de-
sea, koma um lög, to come by sea; lopt ok claration made by a ‘lögmaðr’.
lög, air and sea; lands eða lagar, á landi lögsögu-maðr, m. lawspeaker.
eða legi, on land or sea; (2) water, any liq- lög-taka (see taka), v. (1) to receive by
uid. law; (2) to accept as law (þá er kristni var
lög-ráðandi, m. legal guardian, war- -tekin); -tíðir, f. lawful tithe.
den; -rengd, f. legal challenge; -rétt, f. lögu-nautr, m. (1) messmate; (2)
public fold; -rétta, f. (1) the legislature mate, colleague, companion; -neyti, n.

350
lög-vellir L löt
messmateship. lengrum, longer (l. en lög stóðu til); su-
lög-vellir, m. poet., boiler, kettle. perl., lengstum, mostly, most of the time
lög-villa, f. fraudulent procedure; (höfuðborg sú, er Geira sat í l.).
-villr, a. mistaken in point of law; -vitr, löskr (acc. -van), a. weak, good-for-
a. = -spakr; -vörn, f. lawful point of de- nothing (l. mun hann æ heitinn).
fence; -þing, n. (1) in Norway, general löstr (gen. lastar, dat. lesti; pl. le-
assembly, parliament; (2) public meeting stir, acc. löstu), m. (1) fault, flaw; segja
(Gunnar reið til allra mannfunda ok -þin- kost ok löst á e-u, to tell fairly the good
ga). and bad of a thing; (2) misbehaviour; (3)
löm (pl. lamar), f. hinges (of a chest). vice (l. ofdrykkjunnar).
löngu, adv. long ago, long since. löt (pl. latar), f. dissuasion; telja latar
löngum, adv. long, continuously (Eiríkr á um e-t, to raise difficulties about a thing.
var l. með föður sínum); compar.,

351
maðka manga

M
magns-munr, m. difference in strength
or power.
magr (mögr, magrt), a. lean.
magr-ligr, a. lean-looking, pinched.
maka (pl. mökur), f. female mate.
maki, m. match (m. e-s).
makindi, n. pl. friendly intercourse.
mak-liga, adv. fitly, properly.
maðka (að), v. to become maggoty. maklig-leikr, m. desert; at -leik, eptir
maðka-haf, n., -sjór, = maðksjór. -leikum, deservedly; hafa -leika til e-s, to
maðk-fullr, a. full of maggots. deserve.
maðkr (-s, -ar), m. maggot, grub, mak-ligr, a. (1) meet, proper, becoming
worm; maðka fœzla, food for worms. (er þat makligt, at); (2) deserving (makli-
maðk-sjór, m. a sea full of worms; gr e-s or til e-s).
-smoginn, pp. worm-eaten (of a ship). makr, a. (1) easy to deal with (þaðan frá
maðr (gen. manns, pl. menn, with the var Eindriði hinn makasti); (2) only in
art. menninir), m. (1) man (irrespective compar., more suitable, becoming, conve-
of sex), human being (guð skapaði síðarst nient (H. kvað honum makara at sitja við
menn tvá, er ættir eru frá komnar); sýndi elda en vera í sjóförum).
m. manni, one showed it to another, it mak-ráðr, a. pleasant, agreeable.
went from from hand to hand; fjöldi makt, f. might, power.
manns, a great number of people; múgr mala (mel; mól, mólum; malinn), v.
manns, crowd of people; (2) degree in kin- to grind (m. valbygg).
ship; vera at þriðja, fjórða, fimta manni, malar-, gen. from ‘möl’; -grjót, n.
to be related in the third, fourth, fifth de- beach-pebbles; -kambr, m. pebbleridge
gree; hann var manni firr en systrungr along the beach.
Bárðar, he was the son of a cousin of B.; malir, f. pl. croup of cattle.
(3) man, opp. to ‘kona’ (síðan fór hann til malr (-s, -ir), m. knapsack.
manna sinna). malt, n. malt (for brewing); -hlaða,
mag-áll, m. flesh of the belly; -fyllr, f. malt barn; -klyfjar, f. pl. malt packs
f. belly-full. (carried by horses).
magi, m. stomach, belly, = kviðr. man, n. (1) household, house-folk; bond-
magn, n. strength, power; eptir öllu slaves; (2) bondwoman, female slave; þær
magni, to the best of one’s power. ‘ro máttkar meyjar at mani hafðar, these
magna (að), v. (1) to charm, make strong mighty maids are held in bondage; (3)
by spell (hann magnaði með miklum blót- woman, esp. young woman, maid; líki ley-
skap líkneski Þórs); m. fjölkyngi, seið, to fa hins ljósa mans, to praise the fair maid’s
work a spell; (2) refl., magnast, to increase form.
in power, grow strong (Glámr tók at mag- mana (að), v. to challenge.
nast af nýju); eldrinn magnaðist, the fire mang, n. barter, peddling.
increased in strength. manga (að), v. to barter, chaffer.

352
mangari M mann-drápari
mangari, m. monger, higgler. er af -völdum, it is due to human causes, is
mangi, pron., see ‘manngi’. done by men.
man-kynni, n. pl. choice of maidens. mann-björg, f. the saving of life; brutu
manna-, gen. pl. from ‘maðr’; -bein, n. þar skipit allt í spán, en þó varð -björg,
pl. human bones; -bygð, f. inhabited dis- but the men’s lives were saved; -blót, n.
trict. human sacrifice; -boð, n. banquet; -brod-
mannaðr, pp. (1) manned, furnished dr, m. ice-spur; -bœtr, f. pl. weregild
with men, of a ship (vel, illa m.); (2) (well) (for one slain); -dauði, m., -dauðr, m.
brought up; var móðir mín vel mönnuð, loss of life, mortality; -dáð, f. manful
well bred; skaltu vita, at hann er vel m., deed, act of prowess; -deild, f. difference
that he is an accomplished man; mannaðir of opinion, division; -djöfull, m. fiend of
at hófi, fairly well-bred men. a man; -dómligr, a. manly; -dómr, m.
manna-dreyri, m. human blood. (1) human nature; (2) manliness, prowess;
mann-afli, m. strength in men. (3) humanity, generosity; sýna e-m -dóm,
manna-forráð, -forræði, n. rule, do- to show kindness to one.
minion, authority; -för, n. pl. men’s foot- manndóms-leysi, n. unmanliness,
prints; -för, f. = mannferð; -grein, f. meanness; -maðr, m. a brave man.
distinction of men; -hold, n. human flesh; mann-dráp, n. murder, slaughter.
-hús, n. pl. men’s houses; -kjöt, m. = manndrápa-laust, adv. without
-hold; -lát, n. loss of men, loss of life, slaughter or loss of life (sættast-laust).
death; -mál, n. human voices, human mann-drápari, m., -drápsmaðr, m.
speech; -missir, m. loss of men; -mót, man-slayer, murderer; -dygð, f. virtue;
n. = mann-fundr; -munr, m. distinction, -dýrðir, f. pl. manly qualities; -eldi, n.
difference of men; -múgr, m. crowd of maintenance of a person; -eygr, a. = -ýgr;
people; -reið, f. riding of men, body of -fagnaðr, m. the fare at a banquet, great
horsemen; -samnaðr, m. gathering of entertainment; -fall, n. slaughter, loss of
men; -seta, f. men staying in a place; life (in battle); -fang, n.; eiga -fang í
-skipan, f. (1) the placing of people (at a sonum, to have able sons; -farmr, m.

M
banquet); (2) people seated at a banquet; shipload of men; -fár, a. having few men
-skipti, n. pl. exchange of men; -slóð, (hafa -fátt); þykki mér -fátt í bœnum, few
f. track of men; -spor, n. pl. footprints of people; -ferð, f. passage, passing of peo-
men. ple; -fjándi, m. human fiend; -fjöldi,
mannast (að), v. refl. to become a m. multitude, crowd of men; -fleiri, a.
(proper) man, to be brought up to manhood compar., see ‘-margr’; -fóli, m. fool, id-
(þórir var maðr ættsmár ok hafði man- iot; -fólk, n. mankind, men (allt man-
nazt vel). nfólk); -fróðr, a. skilled in ‘-frœði’;
manna-sættir, m. peace-maker; -frœði, f. history, esp. genealogies;
-taka, f. reception of strangers. -fundr, m. meeting; -fýla, f. mean,
manna-vegr, m. a road where men worthless fellow, rascal; -fæð, f. lack of
pass; -verk, n. pl. work by human hands; people, smallness of population; -fœða, f.,
-vist, f. human abode; -völd, n. pl. e-t -fœði, n. human food; -fœrð, f. condi-

353
mann-gi M mann-skapr
tion of a road; -för, f. = -ferð; -garðr, fara at duga honum); -líkan, f. image of
m. ring of men; -gersemi, f. ‘jewel of a man; -lýti, n. blemish; -læða, -læra, f.
man’, paragon (hinar beztu -gersemar). = -leysi; -löstr, m. blemish, fault, opp.
mann-gi (gen. mannskis), pron. no to ‘-kostr’; -margr, a. having many men;
man, nobody; mannskis mögr, no man’s hafa -margt, to have many people, forces;
son. hafa -fleira, to have more men, followers;
mann-girnd, -girni, f. a longing for -mergð, f. host of people, crowd; -met-
a husband; -gjarn, a. eager to marry; naðr, m. honour, esteem (among men);
-gjarnliga, adv. eagerly; -gjöld, n. pl. löngun til -metnaðar, ambition; -múgr,
weregild; -gœzka, f. kindness, goodness; m. crowd of people; -níðingr, m. mis-
-hár, a. of a man’s height; lypta -hátt, creant; -orð, n. fame, repute; -raun, f.
to a man’s height; -háski, m. danger of (1) trial (of courage), danger, peril (jafn
life; -hefnd, f. blood revenge; -heill, f. hinum fremstu í öllum -raunum); (2) tri-
favour, good report; hann hafði -heill mik- al (of the feelings), adversity (þá er hann
la, he was very popular. misti sonar síns, var þat þó -raun, en þet-
mannheilla-maðr, m. popular man. ta engi); -ráð, n. pl. plots against a man’s
mann-helgr, f. inviolability of person, life; standa í -ráðum, to take part in such
sanctuary (þar var -helgr mikil); plots.
-hringr, m. circle, ring of men; -hundr, manns-aldr, m. a man’s life, genera-
m. dog of a man, scoundrel; -hús, n. pl. tion (mörgum -öldrum síðarr).
dwelling-houses; -hæð, f. man’s height; mann-samnaðr, m. gathering of men,
-hætta, f. = -háski. people assembled.
mannhættu-laust, adv. without dan- manns-bani, m. man-slayer; -barn, n.
ger of life. human being, living soul (hvert -barn);
mann-höfn, f. keeping, maintenance of -blóð, n. humnan blood; -búkr, m. body,
a person; -illska, f. wickedness; -jaf- corpse; -efni, n. the makings of a man;
naðr, m. (1) comparison of men; fara í promising young man.
-jafnað, to make a comparison between mann-sekt, f., esp. pl. -sektir, penalty
persons; (2) matching or pairing of persons paid in one’s person, opp. to ‘fésekt’, out-
(as to the weregild to be paid); -kaup, lawry, banishment; -semi, f. manfulness,
n., í e-m er gott -kaup, he is a great ac- valour.
quisition; -kind, f. (1) mankind; (2) race; manns-fylgja, f. fetch of a man; -hár,
-kostir, m. pl. good qualities, virtues; n. human hair; -höfuð, n. human head;
-kvæmd, f. run of visitors; -kvæmt, a. n., -hönd, f. human hand.
þar var ekki -kvæmt, few came there, it mann-skaði, m. loss of life, great loss
was a lonely place; -kvöð, f. levying of in a person’s death (ok er þat enn mesti
men; -kyn, n. mankind; -lauss, a. with- -skaði at taka þá af lífi).
out a husband; -lát, n. loss of life; -leysi, mannakapar-lauss, a. lacking in
n. good-for-nothing fellow; -liga, adv. strength and manhood, pithless.
manfully; -ligr, a. (1) human (-ligt eðli); mann-skapr, m. manfulness, manhood,
(2) manly, becoming a man (er þat -ligra at valour; -skelmir, m. rascal; -skepna, f.

354
manns-kona M marg-breytinn
poor creature. spells; -sal, n.; selja e-n -sali, to sell one
manns-kona, f. married woman. as a slave.
mann-skræfa, f. miserable coward; mansals-maðr, m. bondman.
-skœðr, a. dangerous to life; -skœð or- man-skæri, n. pl. mane-shears.
rosta, a bloody fight. mans-maðr, m. = mansalsmaðr.
manns-lið, n. a man’s aid; -líki, n. man-stœði, n. place of the mane.
likeness of man, human shape; -mót, n. man-söngr, m. love song (= man-
manly mien, mark of a true man; -mynd, söngskvæði); -ungr, a. youthful; -vél, f.
f. human form (taka mannsmynd á sik). ‘love-trick’ (poet.).
mann-sómi, m. honour, reputation; man-verjar, m. pl. the Manxmen.
-spell, n. destruction of life; -spjall, n. mara (-ði), v. to be waterlogged, float
= -spell; -stormr, m. rush of people. low in the water (marði þá undir þeim
manns-váði, m. = mannskaði (varð skipit).
hinn mesti -váði); -vit, n. ‘man’s wit’, hu- mara, f. nightmare, incubus.
man understanding (hundrinn hefir -vit); mar-álmr, m. sea-reed, marram; -bak-
-æfi, f. a man’s lifetime (mart kann ki, m. steep bank near the shore.
skipast á -æfinni). marð-skinn, n. marten’s fur.
mann-tak, n. manhood, pith; -tal, n. marg-breytinn, a. fickle, whimsical;
(1) ‘tale of men’, muster; (2) census; -tapi, -breytni, f. fickleness; -dýrr, a. very
m. loss of life; -tjón, n. = -tapi; -úðigr, dear; -eygr, a. many-eyed; -falda (að),
a. gentle, affable; -val, n. choice people, v. to multiply; -faldan, f. multiplication;
select body of men (hafði hann gott -val); -faldliga, adv. manifoldly; -faldr, a.
-vandr, a. (1) particular as to choice of manifold; -fróðr, a. learned in many
a husband; (2) req uiring an able man; things, much knowing; -frœði, f. (1) var-
-veiðr, f. seizing, catching of a man; -vil- ied learning; (2) magic; -háttaðr, a.
la, f. misstatement of paternity; multifarious, of many kinds; -heyrðr, pp.
-virðing, f. rank, renown, honour; -vir- often heard; -kunnandi, pr. p. knowing
ki, n. (1) work of human hands; (2) great many things; -kunnigr, a. (1) = -fróðr;

M
work (ok er þat it mesta -virki); -vit, n. (2) = fjölkunnigr; -kvíslaðr, -kvíslót-
understanding; -vitsamligr, a. sensible, tr, a. many-branched; -kvæmt, a. n.
intelligent. where many people come (þar var eigi
mannvits-lauss, a. void of understand- -kvæmt); -kyndigr, a. = -kunnigr;
ing; -lítill, a. with little wit; -maðr, m. -látr, a. fickle, loose; -leikar, m. pl.
wise man. intimacy, friendly intercourse, opp. to
mann-vitull, m. fool (?); -vænligr, ‘fáleikar’; -liga, adv. friendly, intimately,
-vænn, a. hopeful, promising; -værr, a. opp. to ‘fáliga’; -lyndr, a. fickle-minded;
entitled to be with other men; -ýgr, a. vi- -læti, n. fickleness, wantonness, loose-
cious, dangerous (of a bull); -þröng, f. ness; -málugr, a. talkative; -menni, n.
throng of men; -þurfi, a. in need of men; multitude, many men; -mennr, a. with
-æta, f. cannibal; -œli, n. wretch. many men (hversu -mennr ertu?); -mæl-
man-rúnar, f. pl. ‘love-runes’, love- gi, f. loquacity; -mæltr, pp. talkative;

355
margr M marr
-opt, adv. very often; -orðr, a. using mark on sheep’s ears (þá var m. Sigfúss á
many words, long-winded; -prettóttr, sauðum); (4) ornamental figure (hón hafði
a. very cunning or tricky. knýtt um sik blæju ok vóru í mörk blá);
margr (mörg, mart), a. (1) in sing. (5) boundary mark (skógar m.).
a collect. sense, both as subst. and adj., marka (að), v. (1) to mark, draw the
many a (one); m. maðr, many a person; outline of; m. grundvöll undir kirkjuna,
m. mun þik öfunda, many a one will envy to draw the ground-plan of the church; (2)
thee; neut., mart, many things, opp. to to mark as one’s property (þau naut vóru
‘fátt’ (tala m., margs vitandi); í mörgu, in öll einn veg mörkuð); (3) to mark by an
many things, in many respects; fyrir margs emblem (er þat mitt ráð, at menn marki
sakir, for many reasons; mart manna, stálhúfur sínar); (4) to draw (hann hafði
many people; (2) in plur. many (særðr rauðan skjöld ok markaðr á hjörtr); (5) to
mörg-um sárum); (3) fig. friendly, com- observe, infer (mil of því m. hverr maðr
municative, opp. to ‘fár’ (var hann m. við hann var); þar eptir máttu m. hans fegrð,
Árna biskup). from this you can judge of his beauty; (6)
margr, m. great number; ekki má við to take notice of, heed, mind (Þórðr kvað
margnum, no one can stand against great eigi drauma skyldu m.); (7) to describe
odds. (markat hefi ek fyrir þér birting lopts).
mar-greifi, m. margrave, marquis. markaðr (gen. -ar), m. market; fig.,
marg-rœddr, pp. much talked of (er var þeim settr inn sami m., they got the
-rœtt um e-t); -rœðinn, a. talkative; same treatment (= höfðu þeir ina sömu
-slœgr, a. very sly; -smugall, a. pene- kaupferð).
trating, subtle; -spakr, a. very wise; -ta- marka-menn, m. pl. ‘forest-men’, out-
laðr, pp. (1) = -mæltr; (2) much talked of laws, robbers.
(gøra -talat um e-t); -tíðr, a. very com- mark-bygð, f. forest district; -land, n.
mon, frequent (-títt er, at menn deyi); forest-land; -leið, f. track through forests;
-vitr, a. of many-sided learning; -vísli- -leiði, n. = -leið.
gr, a. various, of many kinds; -víss, a. = mar-knútr, m. sea scorpion.
-fróðr; -yrðr, a. of many words = -orðr. mark-steinn, m. (1) march-stone; (2) a
mar-gýgr, f. mermaid, sea-ogress. stone laid to mark a spot; -stika, f. bound-
mark, n. (1) mark, token, sign; þat er ary stake.
eitt m. um djarfleik hans, one proof of his mar-líðendr, m. pl. ‘sea-traversers’ (of
daring; til marks um e-t, as a token (proof) witches).
of; (2) matter of importance; er þat ekki marmari, m. marble.
m., it signifies nothing; lítit m. er at því, mar-mennill, m. ‘sea-mannikin’, mer-
it is of little consequence; lítit m. var þá man.
at, er þeir Beli hittust, of no great account marr (gen. marar), m. sea; sígr fold í
was his meeting with B.; at marki, in re- mar, the earth sinks into the sea.
al earnest, greatly (reiðast at marki); (3) marr (gen. mars, pl. marir and
mark (as a sign of property); kenna sitt marar), m. horse, steed (hann kvað hest
m. á e-u, to recognize as one’s own mark; a mar heita).

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mat M mál
mat, n. estimate, taxing. (morgin-döggvar þan sér at mat hafa); pl.
mata, f. provender, mess (rare). stores of food, provisions.
matar-, gen. from ‘matr’; -afli, m. mat-ráð, n. pl. the husbandry of food;
fare, provisions; -bur, n. pantry; -fýst, -reiða, f. dressing of food, housekeeping;
f. appetite; -fling, n. pl. = mat-föng; -seld, f. distribution of food at meals;
-gørð, f. dairy work, cooking; -illr, a. -selja, f. housekeeper; -sínkr, a. stingy
stingy of food; -lauss, a. without food; of food; -skál, f. food bowl; -skortr, m.
-verðr, m. meal; -vætt, f. a certain lack of food; -skreið, f. dried fish for
weight or quantity of victuals. food; -sparr, a. sparing of food; -sveinn,
matast (að), v. refl. To take food, take a m. cook; -svin, n. beggar’s scrip; -sæll,
meal; hví hann mataðist svá seint, why he a. ‘meat-lucky’; -víss, a. greedy; -væli,
was eating so slowly. n. pl. means of subsistence, stores of food;
mat-björg, f. provisions from hand to -vænn, a. good for food.
mouth; -borð, n. a dressed table (sitja yfir maurr (-s, -ar), m. ant, emmet.
-borði); -bræði, f. greediness; -búa (see má (má, máða, máðr), v. (1) to blot or
búa), v. to dress food, cook (var hjörtrinn rub out, efface (mást þeir of lífs bók); (2)
matbúinn). to wear, make blunt (var ljár hans máðr
matbúðar-máðr, m. cook. upp í smiðreim).
mat-búnaðr, m. cooking, dressing of mág-kona, f. sister-, mother-, or daugh-
food; -bur, n. pantry; -fátt, a. n. short ter-in-law.
of provisions (hafa -fátt); -fæð, f. lack of mágr (-s, -ar), m. brother-, father-, or
food; -föng, n. pl. stores of food; -gerð, son-in-law (vill Hrútr gørast m. þinn ok
f. cooking. kaupa dóttur þína).
matgerðar-maðr, m. cook. mál, n. (1) speech, faculty of speech
mat-gjafi, m. food-giver; -gjöf, f. gift (þrøngdi svá sóttarfari konungs, at hann
in food; -góðr, a. liberal as to food; misti málsins); þau hafa ekki mál, they
-gœðingr, m. = -góðr maðr; -heill, a. are dumb; (2) language, tongue; norrønt
of a good digestion; -kaup, n. purchase m., the Norse tongue; (3) speech, speaking

M
of victuals; -ketill, m. meat-kettle; (hvárt er Flosi svá nær, at hann megi
-krákr, m. ‘meal-crow’, glutton, a nick- heyra m. mitt); (4) colloquy, talk, speech;
name; -land, n., gott (illt) -land, a pro- koma á m. (or at máli) við e-n, to come
ductive (unproductive) district; -langr, to talk with, speak to; finna (hitta) e-n
a., -löng stund, such a tune as it takes at máli, to obtain speech with; krefja e-n
to eat a meal; -lauss, a. without food; máls, to ask an interview with; leita mills
-leiði, m. loathing of food; -leysi, n. lack við e-n (spyrja e-n máls, mæla m. of e-
of food; -lífi, n. board, fare; -lystr, a. m), to broach a subject to one; bera m. á
having a good appetite; -mál, n. mealtime, e-t, hafa e-t á (or at) máli, to speak (talk)
meal; -níðingr, m. one who starves his of (allir menn höfðu á máli, hversu fríðr
people. maðr hann var); lúka sínu máli, to end
matr (gen. matar, pl. matir), m. one’s speech; þat er m. manna, at, peo-
food, meat; hafa sér e-t at mat, to feed on ple say that; (5) tale, story; nú er þar til

357
mál M málendr
máls at taka, now it must be told; (6) saw, mála-gipt, f., -gjöf, f. pay for military
saying; fornt (fornkveðit) m. er, at, it is service; -gjöld, n. pl. (1) payment of
an old saw that; (7) diction, construction of wages; (2) military pay; -gull, n. gold in
sentences; (8) sentence; tvau mál, two sen- payment of ‘máli’.
tences; fullt m., a full period; (9) suit, ac- mála-hluti, m., -hlutr, m. one side
tion, cause; hefja m. á hendr e-m, to bring of a case or suit, one’s share in a case; mun
an action against one; búa m., to prepare a sá verða -hluti várr beztr, at, the best turn
suit; sœkja m., to prosecute; (10) stipula- for us that things can take will be that.
tion, agreement (ek vil halda mil við hann mála-járn, n. iron (weapon) inlaid with
þan, sem mælt vóru); lauss allra mála, ornaments (mál).
free of all stipulations; (11) case, matter, af- mála-leitan, f. negotiation, mooting
fair (þetta m. var við Jórunni rœtt); svá er the question; -lok, n. pl. end of a case,
m. með vexti, the matter stands thus; var conclusion; -lyktir, f. pl. = -lok; -maðr,
þat annat m., another matter; miðla m., m. = málafylgjumaðr.
to mediate; tillagagóðr inna stœrri mála, mála-maðr, m. a man who receives pay
a good counsellor in great matters; hafa (máli), soldier.
sitt m., to have one’s own way, have one’s málamann-ligr, a. worthy of a ‘mála-
will (honum eirir illa, of hann hefir eigi maðr’.
sitt mál); hafa mikit til síns máls, to have mála-sax, n. an inlaid sword.
much in support of one’s case; e-t skiptir mála-silfr, n. silver given in payment
miklu (litlu) máli, it is of great (small) im- of ‘máli’.
portance; (12) three months (m. ok mis- mála-skil, n. pl. knowledge of proce-
seri). dure; -skot, n. appeal in a case; -sókn, f.
mál, n. (1) measure (fimm álna er hátt lawsuit, prosecution; -spell, n. flaw in a
m. hans); leggja, bera m. við e-t, to mea- suit.
sure (hann lagði m. við öll in stœrstu tré); mála-spjót, n. inlaid spear.
(2) time, high time (m. er upp at standa); mála-tilbúnaðr, -tilbúningr, m.
sagði, at þá var mið nótt ók at enn væri preparation of a suit; -vöxtr, m. state of a
m. at sofa, and still time to sleep; (3) meal; case.
í eitt m., at einu máli, for one single meal; mál-dagi, m. (1) covenant, agreement;
deila mat at málum, to deal out food at inna -daga, to fulfil an agreement; (2) writ-
each meal. ten deed, document (of the rights, proper-
mál, n. inlaid ornaments (on the hilts ty, and inventories of churches); -deili,
and guards of swords). n., e-m er -deili á e-u, it is of importance
mála-efni, n. pl. circumstances and na- to one; -djarfr, a., free-spoken.
ture of a case; góð (ill) -efni, a good (bad) mál-drykkja, f. a measure of drink
case; -ferli, n. pl. lawsuits, litigation; served for each meal.
-flutningr, m. conduct of a case. mál-efni, n. circumstances of a case;
málafylgis-maðr, m., málafylgju- gott -efni, a just case.
maðr, m. helper in lawsuits; mikill mál-eldar, m. pl. ‘meal-fires’.
-maðr, a great taker up of suits. málendr, m. pl. parties to a suit; væri

358
mál-fár M már
jafnir m. (if we were equally matched), máls-endi, m. = málsemd (leita -enda
mundi þess ei óhefnt. við e-n); -eyrendi, n. = mál-semd;
mál-fár (acc. -fán), a. poet. inlaid -fylling, f. conclusion of a case; -grein,
with ornaments, adorned with characters f. (1) sentence; (2) phrase, speech; (3) dic-
(of a sword). tion, style; -háttr, m. (1) phrase; (2)
mál-fimi, f. ease in speech; -fimliga, proverb.
adv. eloquently; -fimr, a. talkative; mál-skipti, n. pl. (1) business, transac-
-framr, a. out-spoken; -friðr, m. peace tions; (2) importance.
from suits (?); -fœrr, a. able to speak; máls-löstr, m. bad grammar.
-gaga, n. organ of speech; -haltr, a. mál-snild, f. eloquence, oratory.
tongue-tied; -hress, a. well enough to málsnildar-list, f. rhetoric.
speak. mál-snilli, f. eloquence; -snjallr, a.
máli, m. (1) contract, agreement; (2) eloquent; -spakr, a. wise-spoken; -speki,
wages, soldier’s pay; ganga á mála, to take -spekt, f. wisdom in speech; -staðr, m.
service (with a foreign prince). case, point of a question; -stafr, m. (1)
máligr (acc. málgan), a. talkative, com- letter of the alphabet; (2) consonant;
municative, loquacious (þeir vóru málgir -stefna, f. parley, conference; -stofa, f.
mjök, því at þeir voru úvitrir). sleeting-hall, public hall, esp. in houses of
mál-krókar, m. pl. pettifoggery, men of rank.
sophistry; -kunnigr, -kunnr, a. know- mál-svefn, m. proper sleep.
ing one another to speak to; -laki, m. de- máls-verðr, m. meal.
fect of the speech organs; -latr, a. sloven- máls-þörf, f. desire to speak.
ly in speaking; -lauss, a. speechless, mál-sönnun, f. evidence, reason; -tak,
dumb; -leysa, f. incorrect expression, bad n. diction; -tíð, f. meal.
grammar; -lýzka, f. idiom, dialect. málugliga, adv. loquaciously.
málmr, m. (1) ore (m., er járn skal of málugr, a. = máligr.
gera); (2) metal (þann málm, er gull málungi (= ‘málum-gi’, dat. pl. from
heitir). ‘mál’ with negative -gi); ef þyrftak at m.

M
mál-nyta, f. milch trine; -nytr, a. mat, if I needed no meat at meals.
yielding milk, milch; málnytr smali, milch mál-vinr, m. friend (to speak with).
cattle. mál-vöndr, m. measuring wand.
mál-óði, a., -óðr, a. using violent lan- mál-þurfi, a. wanting to speak.
guage; -reifr, a. talkative, cheerful; -re- mána-dagr, m. Monday.
itinn, a. = -rœtinn; -róf, n. ability to mánaðar-frest, n. a month’s notice;
talk. -mót, n. the end of one month and the be-
málrófs-maðr, m. glib talker. ginning the next.
mál-rúm, n. time to speak in; -rúnar, mánaðr (gen. -ar; pl. -ir and má-
f. pl. `runes of speech’, runic characters; naðr), m. month.
-rœðinn, -rœtinn, a. talkative, open. máni, m., poet. moon.
máls-bót, f. excuse, exculpation. már (gen. más, pl. mávar), m. seamew;
mál-semd, f. language, speech. ben-, gunnmár, raven (poet.).

359
má-skári M meðal-
má-skári, m. a young sea-mew. koma m. e-m, to come among (maðr, er
mát, n. check-mate. m. mörgum kemr); (7) denoting inward
máta (að), v. to check-mate. quality, in (hann hafði alla þá hluti m.
máti, m. manner, way, respect (í engan sér, er konung prýða); (8) along (landit
máta; á allan máta). er viðast bygt með sjónum); esp. of di-
mátt-dreginn, -farinn, pp. weak, rection, with an adv. denoting the direc-
exhausted, faint. tion (upp m., ofan m., fram m., inn m.,
máttigr (acc. máttkan), a. mighty. út m., etc.); m. stöfnum, from stem to
mátt-lauss, a. without strength, ex- stern, all along the ship; biðja matar með
hausted; -leysi, n. weakness, lack of bœjum, from house to house; (9) adver-
strength; -lítill, a. of little strength, bial usages; m. öllu, altogether, quite; m.
weak (hann gerist allmáttlítill). öllu skjótt, all of a sudden; m. því at, in
máttr (gen. máttar, dat. mætti), m. case that (m. því at ek falla); as, because
(1) might, strength; var mér alls máttar (I (m. því at menn vóru hraustir, þá komast
had to use all my strength) áðr ek kom þeir yfir ána); (10) with verbs; ganga m.
henni upp; (2) strength, health; reiðuliga barni, to go with child, mæla m., to recom-
svaraði hón, of nökkurr spurði at mætti mend; II. with acc. (1) with, with the no-
hennar, if any one asked how she was; er tion of bearing, bringing, carrying (hann
at leið mætti hans, when he began to sink. fór til Íslands m. konu sína ok börn); fara
máttugr, a. = máttigr. m. vápn, to carry a weapon; fig., fara með
máttu-ligr, a. (1) possible (honum er sök, mál, to conduct, manage a case; m.
alt máttuligt); (2) mighty. engi lögskil, in no lawful manner; (2) with,
mátu-ligr, a. meet, fitting. among; úsnotr m., es m. aldir kemr, a
með, prep. with dat. and acc.; 1. with fool when he comes among men; (3) with
dat. (1) with, along with, together with an ordinal number; m. tólfta mann, with
(Unnr dóttir hans fór með honum; hón twelve men, including himself; with eleven
hafði á skipi m. sér sex tigi karla); (2) de- others.
noting help, assistance; leggja til m. e- meðal (á m., í m.), prep. with gen.,
m, to help one by word or deed; to give among, between; m. vár or vár á m.,
one advice; fá menn m. sér, to get fol- among us; sat þar Þórhalla m. brúða, Th.
lowers; (3) by means of, with (verja sik sat between the brides; ellipt., ganga
með sverðum, skjöldum); (4) by, through, meðal, í m., to intercede as peacemaker
with, using (með harðfengi ok kappi); m. (gekk þá Njáll í m., svá at hvárir hand-
hlaupi, by running; m. einum bug, with söluðu ödrum grið).
one mind; m. sama hætti, in the same way; meðal-, in compds., middle, average;
(5) including, inclusive of (hundrað manna -afterðaleysi, n., eigi -afterðaleysi, no
m. nábúum); ok þat m., at, and besides common slovenliness; -auki, m. what is
(therewith) that; þann dag ok nóttina m., given into the bargain; -ár, n. average
and the night too; (6) among, between (var year; -farbauti, m. middling destroyer
fact um m. þeim brœðrum); þreyta e-t (þeir sögðu þat eigi -farbauta vera);
m. sér, to fight it out among themselves; -ferð, f. intercession; -fífl, n., eigi -fífl,

360
meðalgöngu-maðr M megin
no ordinary fool; -fjándi, m. middling how I behaved; -ferði, n., -för, f. =
fiend (ek ætla hann eigi -fjánda vera); meðferð; -gangr, m. siding with, help-
-fól, n. = -fífl; -för, -ganga, f. interces- ing, = fylgi.
sion. meðr, prep. = með.
meðalgöngu-maðr, m. intercessor með-taka, -tekt, f. reception.
peacemaker. meðtöku-maðr, m. receiver.
meðal-kafli, m. ‘middle-piece’, the haft mega (má, mátta, mátt), v. (1) to be
of a sword between the two ‘hjölt’; -klœk- able to do, with acc.; eigi eru Asynjur
ismaðr, m. middling scoundrel (eigi -k.); úhelgari ok eigi megu þær minna, they
-lag, n. average; þat var með enu betra are not less powerful; svá at vér mættim
-lagi, a good average; í -lagi, -lagi, not ekki, so that we could do nothing; m. betr,
very, not over well (segir mér þó í -lagi to be the stronger; m. við e-m, to be able
hugr um); -lagi góðgjarn, not too benev- to withstand one (hann mun ekki m. einn
olent; skipti vár hafa verið sum góð, en við mörgum); skulu mikit þín orð m. við
sum til -lags, our dealings have been, some mik, thy words shall have much weight
good, some only middling; -maðr, m. av- with me; (2) of health; m. vel, to be well;
erage man; -maðr á vöxt, a middle-sized m. lítt, illa, to be poorly (hann spurpi,
man; -mann-níðingr, -níðringr, m. hversu hann mætti. — Eigi má ek nú vel,
(no) middling scoundrel; -orpning, f. in- sagði hann); m. e-m, to do for one (má yðr
terjection; -pallr, m. middle bench (in þat, er yfir margan gengr); (3) with in-
the ‘lögrétta’); -skræfa, f. eigi -skræfa, fin., to be able; mátt þú sjá hana, ef þú
a great coward; -skömm, f., eigi -skömm, vill, thou canst see her, if thou wilt; hann
a great disgrace; -snápr, m., eigi -snápr, mátti ekki mæla, he could say nothing; (4)
no common fool; -snotr, a. middling to be permitted, allowed (hann mátti aldri
wise; -sœmd, f. common honour (er eigi tala til Kjartans, svá at Þorkell var hjá);
-sœmd at eiga slíkan mann at mág); nú man eigi m. sitjanda hlut í eiga, one
-úspektarmaðr, m. common peace-dis- must not remain sitting, be inactive; (5) el-
turber; -úvinr, m. = -fjándi; -vetr, m. lipt., the verb being understood (lemja

M
average winter; -vingjarnligr, a. not man ek bogann, ef ek má); ferr þat sem
very friendly; -þræll, m. average slave. má, go that as it may; má, at, it is possible
meðan (á m.), adv. (1) in the mean time, that; þeir spurðu hversu þat mætti, how
meanwhile (hann bað þá þar dveljast m.); that could be.
m. at, m. er (es), as long as, while, whilst; megandi, pr. p. availing, mighty,
(2) so long as = m. er (hélzt hann í vináttu strong; fylldi hann þat heit, er hann var
við konung m. hann lifði). m. maðr, as soon as he grew to be man of
með-ferð, f. (1) management; vandhœ- might; lítt m., feeble, weak; ekki m., pow-
fi mun þér þykkja á -ferðinni, you will erless, helpless.
find it difficult to manage; (2) hafa e-t megin (gen. -s, dat. magni or megni),
-ferðar, to have along with one, in one’s n. (1) might, power, strenght (svá sem á
keeping; (3) behaviour, conduct; var ko- leið sóttina minkaði storum m. hans); (2)
nungi þá kunnigt hverja -ferð ek hafða, the main, chief part of a thing; allt m.

361
megin M mein
landsins, the main part of the land. fall); með megnu hugskoti, with a strong
megin or megum, adv., prop. dat. pl. mind.
from ‘vegr’; kvenna m., on the women’s megna (að), v. to be able, have strength
side (in a chuch); karla m., on the men’s to do a thing (þó at ek megni minna en
side; Hjarðarholts m., on the H. side (of einhverr yðar); refl., megnast, to gain
the river); inum vinstra m., hœgra m., on strength; en er synir þeirra tóku at m.,
the left (right) side; einuni m., from one when their sons began to grow up.
side only (þar mátti einum m. at sœkja); megn-lauss, a. feeble, weak; -lítill,
öðrum m., on the other side (herskip ligg- a. faint, exhausted.
ja öðrum m. undir nesinu); báðum m., on megra (-ða), v. to make lean; refl.,
both sides; öllum m., from all sides; þeim megrast, to become lean.
m., on that side. megrð, f. leanness.
megin-, in compds., main; -afl, n. megum, adv. = megin; öllum m., from
main strength; -á, f. main river; -borg, all sides.
f. the main castle; -bygð, f. main district; meiða (-dda, -ddr), v. (1) to hurt, esp.
-dómar, m. pl. great events; -fjall, n. to maim, injure seriously (hina rak hann
great mountain; -flótti, m. (1) general ór landi, meiddi eðr drap); (2) of things,
flight; (2) the main body of the flying host; to damage (finna þeir at skipit var meitt
-gjörð, f. the main girdle, girdle of power; neðan); to spoil, destroy (þá tók hann at
pl. -gjarðar, the girdle of Thor; -góðr, a. m. hof ok hörga); (3) refl. to take hurt.
mighty good; -haf, n. the main, ocean; meiðing (pl. -ar), f. bodily injury,
-herr, main army; -herað, n. main dis- maiming, damaging (í manndrápum ok
trict; -hyggja, f. wisdom; -höfn, f. main meiðingum).
harbour; -land, n. mainland, continent; meiðingar-laust, adv. unmaimed, un-
-lauss, a. without strength; -leysi, n. hurt (halda lífi -laust).
weakness; -lið, n. main body of an army; meiðmar, f. pl. treasures (poet.).
-ligr, a. important (mál -lig); -lítill, meiðr (gen. -s or -ar), m. (1) longitu-
a. of little might, weak; -merki, n. chief dinal beam; sledge-runner (þá reif hann
standard; -mörk, f. the main forest; -rás, meiðinn undan sleðanum); fig., standa á
f. main course; -rúnar, f. pl. mighty, önderverðan meið með e-m, to stand in
powerful runes (charms); -stormr, m. the forefront as a champion, to support one;
mighty gale; -tírr, m. great fame; mjök þótti mönnum á einn meið hallast
-trygðir, f. pl. a firm truce; -vel, adv. með heim, it went all on one side with
mighty well; -verk, n. mighty feat; them; (2) pole, log; telgja meið til rifjar, to
-þörf, f. great need. cut a log into a loom-beam; (3) tree (hrafn
megn, n. strength, = megin, máttr sat á hám meiði); (4) gallows-tree (veit
(hann hafði fjogurra manna m.); um m. ek, at ek hekk vindga meiði á).
e-m, beyond one’s strength; þetta mál er mein, n. (1) hurt, harm, injury, damage;
nökkut þér um m. með at fara, is rather at engum verði m. at, that it may do no-
too much for you. body harm; gera e-m m., to do one harm;
megn, a. strong, mighty (megnt mann- hón kvað þat m., at, she said it was a great

362
meina M meistari
pity that; mikit m. var honum þat, þá er, meinn, a. painful, causing pain (var
a great loss it was to him when; láta sér e- honum knéit harla meint ok úmjúkt);
t í m., to deny to oneself; hann lét svein- kenna sér meint, to feel pain; e-m verðr
inum ekki í m., he denied the lad noth- meint við e-t, af e-u, one takes hurt by a
ing; (2) disease, sore (af því vatni þykk- thing.
jast margir bót hafa fengit sinna meina); mein-samliga, adv. perniciously; -sam-
(3) impediments, hindrances (that make a ligr, hurtful, causing pain; -samr, a.
marriage unlawful), = meinbugir. evil, noxious; -semd, -semi, f. (1) pain,
meina (að), v. (1) to harm, do harm to hurt; (2) disease, sore; -staddr, pp.
(m. e-m); (2) to hinder, prevent; (3) to placed in distress; -stafir, m. pl. baleful
forbid, prohibit (ekki mun ek m. öðrum staves, charms.
mönnum at halda þá trú, er þeim sýnist). meins-vanr, a. guileless.
meina (-ta), v. to mean (rare). mein-svari, m. perjurer; a. perjured;
meina-lauss, a. (1) blameless; (2) un- -sœri, n. perjury.
hindered; ef -laust er, if there are no hin- meinsœris-maðr, m. perjurer.
drances. mein-tregi, m. affliction, grief; -væt-
mein-blandinn, pp. poisonous; -bu- tr, f. noxious wight, harmful being; -yrða
gir, m. pl. impediments, hindrances; (-rða, -rðr), v. to abuse in words; -yrði,
-eiðr, m. perjury, false oath; -fang, n. n. pl. abusive words.
trouble; leita e-m -fanga, to try to embar- meir-háttar, adv. of greater impor-
rass one; -fullr, a. noxious; -fœrr, a. tance (= meira háttar).
dangerous to pass; -gøra (see gøra), v. to meiri (neut. meira), a. compar., an-
offend, harm; -gørð, f. offence. swering to pos. ‘mikill’ and superl.
meinigr (acc. meingan), a. noxious. ‘mestr’, (1) greater, bigger (hann var hver-
meinka (að), v. to do harm to. jum manni m. ok sterkari); (2) greater,
mein-kráka, f. evil crow; -kvikendi, larger, more, of quantity (meira fé ok be-
n. noxious animal; -lauss, a. (1) harmless, tra).
inoffensive; ætla ek mér þat -laust, it will meirr, adv. compar., answering to

M
do no harm to me; at -lausu, without hin- ‘mjök’ and superl. ‘mest’, (1) more (ko-
drance; (2) free from suffering, painless nungr elskaði Hákon m. en nökkurn
(aldri síðan varð honum höndin -laus). mann annan); (2) then, after that; sitja
meinlát-samr, a. ascetic. m. um sáttir saman, and afterwards sit at
mein-leiki, m. hindrance, = -bugir; peace together; (3) with another compar.;
-leysi, n. harmlessness, innocence; -liga, firr m., farther off; sunnar m., more to the
adv. painfully; -ligr, a. painful, trouble- south.
some; -læta (-tta, -ttr), v. to chastise (- meiss, m. wooden box, basket (hann
læta sér). hafði mikinn meis á baki).
meinlæta-samr, a. = meinlátsamr. meistara-dómr, m. mastership, great
mein-læti, n. (1) pains, trouble; (2) skill; -samligr, a. masterly.
self-chastisement; -mæli, n. abusive lan- meistari, m. (1) lord, master; (2) mas-
guage, = meinyrði. ter, teacher; (3) scholar.

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meita M merking
meita (-tta, -ttr), v. to cut; m. manar, menni, n., a nickname; but freq. in
skegg, to cut the mane, beard. compds., góð-, ill-, rík-, fjölmenni.
meitil-berg, n. an abrupt crag. menni-liga, adv. manfully; -ligr, a.
meitill (-s, meitlar), m. chisel. manly, well bred, = mannvænn.
meitla (að), v. to chisel, cut. menning, f. breeding, upbringing, edu-
meizl, n., esp. pl. (1) bodily hurts, in- cation (ætt hans ok m. góð).
juries; (2) mutilation. mennska, f. human nature, humanity; =
meizla, f. = meizl. manndómr.
meizla-högg, n. injurious blow; mennskr, a. human; m. maðr, human
-laust, adv. without bodily injury. being, opp. to giants, ogres, or supernat-
mekt, f. might; pomp (rare). ural beings.
mektugr, a. mighty, powerful. mennt, f. art, skill, accomplishment
mél, n. time, moment (á því méli dreif (hefir þú til ills þína m.).
lið til hans). menntan, f. breeding, culture.
mél, n. pl. mouth-bit of a bridle. menntr, pp. bred, educated, accom-
mel-bakki, m. bank grown with lyme- plished (vel m. um marga hluti).
grass (melr). men-skögul, f., poet. lady.
meldr (gen. -rs and -rar), m. (1) men-vörðr, m. keeper of treasures.
grinding (standa at meldri); (2) flour; mergð, f. multitude, plenty (m. fjár).
Fenju m., Fróða þýja m., gold. merg-lauss, a. marrowless.
mél-dropi, m. foam from the bit; mergr (gen. -jar), m. marrow.
-greypr, a. poet. champing the bit merg-und, f. a wound to the marrow; al-
(marir, dröslar mélgreypir). so mergundar-sár, n.
melja (malda, maliðr), v. to pound. mer-hross, -hryssi, n. mare.
melr (-s, -ar), m. (1) lyme-grass; (2) merja (mer, marða, mariðr), v. to
sand-bank, gravel-bank. bruise, crush.
mel-rakki, m. arctic fox, white fox merki (gen. pl. merkja), n. (1) bound-
(brenna inni sem m. í greni). ary, = landamerki; (2) banner, standard
melta (-lta, -ltr), v. (1) to malt for (tók merkit af stönginni); (3) mark, to-
brewing (m. korn); (2) to digest (m. val- ken, sign (mun þat til merkja, at þeir
bráðir); also fig. (m. reiði). Grímr munu heim koma); þessir menn,
mel-torfa, f. turf grown with lymegrass er náliga vóru með øngum merkjum, of
(melr). no mark, distinction; (4) remains, traces
men (gen. pl. menja), n. necklace (hann (þeir lögðu ok garðinn sem enn sér m.).
batt menit á háls sér); fig. in pl., trea- merki-á, f. boundary river; -liga, adv.
sures, jewels (fjöld á ek menja). (1) remarkably; (2) clearly, perceptibly;
mengi, n. multitude. -ligr, a. (1) perceptible; (2) remarkable,
menjar, f. pl. = minjar. noteworthy, distinguished (uppruni hans
menna (-ta, -tr), v. to make a man of, var -ligr); -máll, a. = merkmáll, merko-
breed; refl., mennast, to become a man, = rðr.
mannast. merking (pl. -ar), f. (1) marking; (2)

364
merkis-burðr M metnaðar-fullr
mark, sign; (3) signification. hann þá m. aðra hönd af Þóri).
merkis-burðr, m. the carrying of the mest-háttar, adv. most remarkably.
standard; -maðr, m. (1) standard-bearer; mestr, a. superl. greatest (margir hinir
(2) man of mark, distinguished person; mestu menn); cf. ‘mikill’.
-stöng, f. standard-pole. mestu, adv. mostly, nearly.
merki-stjarna, f. planet; -stöng, f. = met, n. pl. weights; fig., koma sínum
merkis-stöng; -tungl, n. = -stjarna. metum við, to have one’s own way.
merkja (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to mark (m. meta (met; mat, mátum; metinn), v.
eyra á fé); (2) to mark, draw (hann var (1) to estimate, value; ef þeir kynni m. sik,
merktr eptir Þór, ok hefir hann hamar í if they could value themselves rightly, not
hendi); ok m. á nagli nauð, and mark (the puff themselves up; m. e-t mikils, lítils,
character) ‘nauð’ on one’s nail; (3) to mark, einskis, to attach great, little, no value to;
note, observe (síðan merkti hann þúfu þá, make much, little, nothing of; munu þín
er griðkonan þerði á fœtr sína); (4) to no- orð hér um einskis metin, thy words will
tice, perceive (merktu þeir at sólargangi, be counted for naught; (2) m. e-t fjár
at sumarit munaði aptr til vársins); (5) to (kaups, etc.), to put a money-value on, to
show, indicate (merkti Sunnifa þat í þes- charge for (aldri mat hann fjár lækning
su); (6) to denote, signify, mean (vil ek, at sína); m. e-t við e-n, to name a price to
þú segir drauminn ok hvat hann merkir). one for a thing; met þú við mik rekkjubú-
merk-máll, -orðr, a. truthful, trust- naðinn, tell me the price of the bed-furni-
worthy (-orðr maðr). ture; ok vil ek eigi m. við þik (I will not
merkr, a. of mark, noteworthy (m. maðr charge you anything), heldr vil ek, at þú
ok sannorðr). þiggir skikkjuna; to leave it to another to
merr (gen. merar, acc. and dat. meri, decide; allir mátu við Erling atkvæði um
pl. merar), f. mare. skírsluna, they all left it to E. to decide
mersing, f. = messing. about the ordeal; við Þorkel met ek at fá
messa, f. (1) mass; syngja messu, to þá hluti til, er hafa þarf, I leave it to Th.
chant the mass; (2) = messudagr (Jóns m., to provide the necessary things; (3) refl.,

M
Ólafs m.). metast til e-s, to be reckoned as, counted
messa (að), v. to say the mass. for (bað þá gera þá smíð, er til afbragðs
messing, f. brass (stafr búinn með mætist); m. e-t við, to contend about; ef
messingu); messingar-, made of brass, þeir metast eiða við, if there is a contest
brazen (-hestr, -ker, -spánn). about taking the oaths.
messu-dagr, m. mass-day, feast-day; metandi (pl. -endr), m. appraiser.
-djákn, m. deacon, clerk; -embætti, n. met-fé, n. a thing having a special value
office of the mass, divine service; -föt, set upon it.
-klæði, n. pl. vestments; -mál, n. mass metinn, pp., vel m., highly esteemed.
time; -serkr, m. surplice; -skrúði, m. = metja (met, matta, mattr), v. to lap
-klæði; -sloppr, m. = -serkr. (with the tongue).
mest, adv. superl. (1) most (þeim var ek metnaðar-fullr, a. full of pride or am-
verst, er ek unna m.); (2) almost (kvað bition; -girnd, f. ambition; -gjarn, a.

365
metnaðr M mið-langr
ambitious; -leysi, n. modesty; -maðr, m. brennr).
ambitious man; -samligr, -samr, a. mið-aldra, a. indecl. middle-aged;
proud, haughty. -breytis, adv. midway, halfway; -byrði,
metnaðr (gen. -ar), m. (1) esteem, val- n. the middle of a ship (skipit var breitt
ue (þann metnað hefi ek á ráðagerðum um -byrðit); -bœr, m. a farm lying in the
mínum, at); (2) honour, repute (hann var midst (of three); -degi, n. midday, noon.
þar í miklum metnaði); (3) pride, ambi- miðdegis-skeið, n. noon-tide.
tion (m. honum þróast, en mannvit al- mið-digr, a. stout in the waist; -fasta,
dregi). f. Mid-Lent; -firðis, adv. in the middle
metnast (að), v. refl. to puff oneself up of the fjord; -fylking, f. the middle of the
(m. af mikillæti ríkis síns). line (in battle).
met-orð, n. (1) estimate, valuation; (2) mið-garðr, m. midgarth, the earth;
esteem, consideration; þeir gørðu svá mik- -heimr, m. centre of the world; -herðar,
il -orð hans, at, they paid him so much f. pl. mid-shoulders; -hjalli, m. middle
regard that; sitja yfir -orðum manna, to shelf on a hill-side.
bear down others. miðil (also á or í miðil), prep. =
metorða-maðr, m. man of distinction meðal, milli (miðil svefns ok vöku).
(hann var -maðr mestr). miðja, f. the middle (í miðju).
mettr, pp. having eaten one’s fill. miðjarðar-haf, n., -sjór, m. the
mey, f. = mær; -barn, n. female child, Mediterranean sea.
girl; -dómligr, a. virgin; -dómr, m. mið-kafli, m. middle piece; -kvísl, f.
maidenhood, virginity. middle branch (of a stream).
meyja, f. maid, girl, = mær. miðla (að), v. (1) to share; m. e-m e-
meyjar-, gen. from ‘mær’; -mál, n. pl. t or m. e-t við e-n, to share with another
matters relating to marriage; -mundr, m. (Gunnar miðlaði mörgum mönnum hey
a maid’s ‘mundr’. ok mat); skal ek eigi m. ríkit, I shall not
mey-ligr, a. maiden, virgin; girlish; -lí- share the realm; m. spor sín, to make a
fi, n. maiden life. step, move (stöndum fast ok miðlum ekki
meyrr, a. rotten (m. börkr). spor vár); (2) to mediate; m. mál or
mey-staulpa, -stúlka, f. girl. málum, to make a compromise; (3) refl.,
mið, n. (1) the middle (sá var mestr, er í miðlast e-t við, to share with one another;
miðit reið); (2) mark; sem ek munda hafa m. mál við, to make a compromise.
m. á mér, ef, which I should have experi- miðlan, f. (1) partaking, sharing with
enced on myself, if; (3) fishing bank (indi- another (m. auðar); (2) compromise (gøra
cated by landmarks on shore); bregða til m. á um e-t). miðlanar-mál, n. pl. com-
miða, to seek for a fishing bank. promise.
miða (að), v. to take note, mark (E. hafði mið-langr, a. long-waisted, a nick-
glöggt miðat á um kveldit, hvar konun- name; -leiðis, adv. (1) midway, halfway
grinn hvíldi); m. við e-t, to mark a dis- (er þeir kómu -leiðis til Máfahlíðar); (2)
tance or place by another object (hlað hér in the middle (Ísraels synir gengu þurt
vörðu, ok miða svá við þar sem eldrinn -leiðis um hafit).

366
miðlung M mikil-látr
miðlung, adv. middlingly, indifferently, n. middle course; -skip, n. middle of a
poorly; þykkist hann þá vera m. staddr, in ship (= mitt skip); -skipa, adv. amidships;
rather a hard plight. -sumar, n. midsummer (= mitt sumar).
miðlungi, adv. = miðlung. miðsumars-helgr, f. midsummer-day;
mið-messa, f. ‘the middle mass’, matins; -skeið, n. midsummer time.
-mjór, a. slender in the waist. miðsvetrar-blót, n. midwinter sacri-
miðmunda-skeið, n., the time when fice; -nótt, f. midwinter night (=
the sun is midway between midday hökunótt); -skeið, n. midwinter time.
(twelve o’clock) and ‘nón’ (three o’clock), mið-syndis, adv. in the middle of the
half past one (um -skeið miðs dags ok sound (cf. ‘sund’).
nóns); -staðr, m. the middle point be- miðviku-dagr, m. Wednesday;
tween two places or times (í -stað vestrs ok -morginn, m. Wednesday morning.
útnorðrs). mið-þröngr, a. tight in the waist.
mið-mundi, m. (1) the middle between mikil-brjóstaðr, a. stout-hearted,
two places; þá er Skoðborgará á -munda, high-minded; -fengligr, a. stout-look-
the river S. is midway; with gen., þá er sól ing; -gjarn, a. aspiring to great things;
er -munda norðrs ok landnorðrs, when -gæfr, a. of great importance; -hugaðr,
the sun is midway between north and a. big-spirited; -hœfr, a. stately, eminent.
north-east; (2) = miðmundaskeið (fyrir mikill (acc. mikinn, neut. mikit), a.
-munda hófst orrostan, en konungr féll (1) great, tall, of stature (m. vexti, maðr
fyrir nón); (3) moment, weight, impor- m. ok sterkr); (2) great, large, in bulk or
tance; allir þeir, er þar höfðu verit ok size (mikil ey ok góð); áin var mikil, the
nökkurr -mundi var at, and were of any river was swollen; (3) of quantity, great,
note. much (m. viðr, mikil drykkjuföng); (4)
mið-nætti, n. midnight; -pallr, m. great, prominent (skörungr m., málafyl-
the middle bench (of the ‘lögrétta’). gjumaðr m.); m. drykkjumaðr, a great
miðr (mið, mitt), a. middle, lying in drunkard; vetr m., a severe winter; með
the middle; nær miðri veröldinni, near the mikilli snild, with great skill; (5) acc.

M
middle of the world; G. leggr í móti atgeir- ‘mikinn’ used as adv.; ríða (fara) m., to
inum ok kom á hann miðjan, and struck ride (go) fast; róa m., to pull hard; (6)
him in the middle; áin var opin um mitt, neut. as subst., much; skipta miklu, to
in the middle; mið nótt, midnight (þá var be of great importance; dat., ‘miklu’ with
mið nótt); m. dagr, midday (þat var nær compar., much, by far (m. betr; m. meiri
miðjum degi, er þeir fundust); m. ap- maðr en áðr); with superl., m. mestr, by
tann, six o’clock p. m.; m. morginn, six far the greatest, the very greatest; neut. as
o’clock a. m.; at miðjum vetri, um miðjan adv., mikit, greatly, much, = mjök (hón
vetr, at midwinter; mitt sumar, midsum- unni honum m.).
mer; miðrar brautar, in the middle of the mikil-látr, a. proud, grand; -leikr,
road. m. greatness, largeness; -leitr, a. having
miðr, adv. = minnr, less. marked (prominent) features; -liga, adv.
mið-skammr, a. short-waisted; -skeið, (1) greatly; (2) proudly (láta -liga); -ligr,

367
mikils-háttar M minni
a. grand, considerable; -lætast (tt), v. mátti þar ekki í millim sjá, hvárr af
refl. to pride oneself; -læti, n. pride, öðrum myndi bera, it could not be seen
pomp; -mannliga, adv. magnificently; which of the two would get the better of it;
-mannligr, a. grand, magnificent, gen- (3) ellipt. in ‘m. ok’; upp með ánni, m.
erous; -menni, n. great, powerful man; (viz. árinnar or hennar) ok skógarins, up
-menska, f. greatness, magnificence; along the river, between (it) and the forest.
-mæli, n. high words; -ráðr, a. impe- millim, millum, prep. = milli.
rious; -ræði, n. great feat; -úðligr, a. millum-ferð, f. going between, media-
imposing; -vegligr, a. magnificent; tion (bréfsendingar ok -ferðir).
-virkr, a. doing great work; -vænligr, a. milti, n. milt, spleen.
important; -þægr, a. exacting. minja-gripr, m. heirloom, keepsake
mikils-háttar, adv. distinguished. (saxit var minjagripr þeirra).
mikjáls-messa, f. Michaelmas. minjar, f. pl. memorial, souvenir, keep-
mikla (að), v. (1) to make great, in- sake (hann tók hringinn Draupni ok sen-
crease, magnify; m. sik, to pride oneself; di Óðni til minja; þessa gripi skaltu eiga
(2) impers., e-m miklar e-t, one wonders at minjum).
at (konungi miklar þat með sjálfum sér, minka (að), v., see ‘minnka’.
at); (3) refl., miklast, to acquire fame (ef minn (mín, mitt), pron. my, mine.
konungr vill m. af þessu); to pride oneself minna (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to remind of (m.
(engi maðr miklist eða stœrist af sinni e-n e-s or e-n á e-t); hón hefir mik minnt
ætt). þeirra hluta, or minnt mik á þá hluti, she
miklan, f. increase, greatness. has reminded me of those things; (2) im-
mild-hugaðr, a. mild, kind-hearted. pers., mik minnir e-s, I remember, think
mildi, f. kindness, mercy, grace. of (ávallt er ek sé fagrar konur, þá min-
mildingr (-s, -ar), m., poet. a liberal nir mik þessarrar konu); (3) refl., min-
man (örr maðr heitir m.). nast e-s, to remember, call to mind (H.
mildi-verk, n. work of charity. minntist þess, at A. hafði rænta ok barða
mild-leikr, m. mildness, mercy; -liga, húskarla hans); eigi væri allfjarri at m.
adv. mildly, gently; -ligr, a. mild, gentle. þín í nökkuru, to remember thee with some
mildr, a. (1) mild, gentle, gracious; (2) small pittance, give thee some trifle; m. á
munificent, liberal (m. af fé). e-t, to bear in mind, remember; þá munu
milli, prep. with gen., also millim, vér m. á hinn forna fjándskap, then we
millum, (1) between (m. skógarins ok will bear in mind the old feud; to mention,
árinnar); sín á (or í) m., between (among) talk of (hann minntist þá á marga luti þá,
themselves; sigla m. landa, from one land er fyrr höfðu verit).
to another; (2) special usages; var enn minnast (t), v. refl. to kiss (m. við e-n
meirr vönduð veizla en þess í m., more or til e-s); hann spratt upp í móti honum
than otherwise; um aðra hluti var skamt ok minntist til hans, he rose and kissed
m. máls konunga, in other things there him.
was no great difference between them; minni, n. (1) memory (hann missti min-
standa í m., to stand between, hinder; nis ok þótti nær sem vitstolinn) leggja e-t

368
minni M mis-bjóða
í m., to lay up in the mind; reka m. til e- minnis-drykkja, f. a banquet where
s, to call to mind; (2) esp. in pl. memori- there are ‘minni’ (toasts); -horn, n.
als (slík m. hafa Íslendingar Haralds ko- memorial horn; -stœðr, a. = minnisamr;
nungs ok mörg önnur); settir eptir (viz. -veig, f. a drink to restore remembrance;
dauða) bautasteinar til minnis, as a -öl, n. = -veig.
memorial; (3) memory, of past time; þeir minnka (að), v. (1) to lessen, diminish;
er vóru fyrir várt m., who lived before we fig., m. sik, virðing sína, to lower oneself;
can remember; (4) memorial cup, toast (at impers., minnkar e-t, it abates, decreases
old sacrifices and banquets); mæla fyrir (biðu þeir þess, er minnkaði ísana); (2)
minnum, to propose a toast. to grow less, = minnkast; (3) refl.,
minni, a. compar., minnstr, a. su- minnkast, to grow less, decrease (þótti
perl., answering to ‘lítill’, less, smaller; mér mikit vaxa mín virðing, en m. ekki).
least, smallest (var minna karp þitt, minnkan, f. decrease, diminishing.
meðan H. konungr lifði); er sá kallaðr minnr, adv. compar. less (þeir sem vi-
minni maðr (lower in rank), er öðrum fós- trari vóru ok m. drukknir); with dat.,
trar barn. vetri m. en hálf-sextugr, fifty-four years
minni, n. mouth (of a river, fjord, val- old; vera lífi m., to be minus one’s life, life-
ley), = mynni. less, dead; engu m., no less; minnr en,
minnigr, a. (1) having a good memory less than.
(Hallr var maðr stórvitr ok m); (2) m. e- minnst, adv. superl. least; m. mánað,
s, mindful of, bearing in mind (m. þeirra at least a month; minnstr, a. superl.
meingørða, er). least; see ‘minni’.
minni-liga, adv. in memory (at þau mis, á mis (older form miss), adv.
frægðar verk skyldu -liga haldast); -ligr, amiss; so as to miss; farast þeir hjá á m.,
a. memorable. they pass each other without meeting.
minning (pl. -ar), f. (1) memory, recol- mis-bjóða (see bjóða), v. to offend; e-
lection, remembrance; í m. e-s, in memory m þykkir sér -boðit í e-u, one feels of-
of (í hverja m. heldr þú þenna dag?); (2) fended at, takes it ill; -brigði, a. offence;

M
in pl. traces (engar minningar vóru eptir -dauði, m. death at different times; ef
hans meina); (3) gift, present; (4) requital, -dauði þeirra yrði, if one of them should
revenge (þótti sjá m. betri en eigi); (5) ad- die before the other; -deild, f. quarrel;
monition, foreboding (þessi m. varð náliga -deili, n. ‘wrong dealing’, undue prefer-
hverja nótt); (6) mention, suggestion, pro- ence; -djúpr, a. of unequal depth; now
posal (gørði G. þá m., at). shallow, now deep; -dýpi, n. unequal
minningar-mark, n. monument; depth; -eldri, n. disparity in age (-eldri
-verðr, a. memorable, worth remember- þeirra brœðra var mikit); -fall, n.
ing (þat sýnist mönnum -vert). mishap, mischance; -falla (see falla),
minni-samligr, a., -samr, a. memo- v. to happen amiss; -fangi, m. mistake;
rable, not to be forgotten (mun þér þat -fara (see fara), v. to treat amiss, out-
minnisamt); gøra e-m hríð -sama, to rage (-fara e-u or með e-u); e-m -ferst, it
make one remember an attack. goes amiss with one; -fari, m. difference

369
miski M miss
in speed; -fengr, a. missing one’s aim; miskunnar-andi, m. spirit of mercy;
-ferli, n. (1) misconduct; (2) mishap; -augu, n. pl. eyes of mercy; líta -augum
-fróðr, a. of different opinion; -för, f. til e-s, to look in mercy on; -bragð, n. act
(1) misconduct; (2) in pl. mishaps, mis- of grace; -dómr, m. merciful judgment;
carriage, accident; -ganga, f. (1) dissent; -faðmr, m. bosom of mercy; -gjöf, f. gra-
(2) misconduct; (3) spring-tide = -göng; cious gift; -heit, n. promise of mercy;
-góðr, a. partly good, partly bad; -gruna -hugr, m. merciful disposition; -lauss,
(að), v. to suspect; -göng, n. pl., -gön- a. merciless, unforgiving; -leysi, n. hard-
gur, f. pl. spring tide; -gøra (see gøra), ness of heart, cruelty; -maðr, m. object of
v. to do amiss, transgress; -gørð, -gørn- charity; -verk, n. work of mercy or chari-
ing, f., -gørningr, m. misdeed, trans- ty.
gression; -haldinn, pp. wronged, not get- miskunn-lauss, a. finding no mercy;
ting fair treatment; -heldi, n. unfair -samliga, adv. mercifully; -samr, a. mer-
treatment; -hljóðan, f. discordance; ciful; -semd, -semi, f. compassion, merci-
-hugi, a., vera -hugi við e-n, to be at vari- fulness.
ance with; -hugna (að), v. to displease; mis-kveða (see kveða), v. = -mæla.
-högg, n. striking amiss; -innt, pp. n., miskviða-laust, adv. without making
e-m verðr -innt, one makes a mistake (in any slip (‘miskviðr’) in the pleading (hann
speaking); -jafn, a. uneven, unequal, of sótti málit -laust).
various qualities, indifferent, rather bad mis-kviðr, m. a slip in the pleading (be-
(samfarar þeirra vóru -jafnar); mœta fore a court); -leggja (see leggja), v. to
-jöfnu, to meet with hardships (sá verðr lay amiss; fig., e-m eru -lagðar hendr, one
at mœta -jöfnu, er víða ferr); þessi ætlan does the contrary of what one ought to do;
þótti mönnum -jöfn, there were different -litr, a. party-coloured, variegated; -líka
opinions about this undertaking; -jafna (að), v. to dislike, be displeased with (e-
(að), v. to make unequal, share unequally; m -líkar e-t); -líkan, f. dislike; -lítast
-jafna frásögn um menn, to give a differ- (see líta), v. refl., e-m -lízt e-t, one is
ent account of, speak well of one and ill mistaken about a thing; -lyndi, n. fick-
of another; -jafnaðr, m. unequal shar- leness; -lyndr, a. fickle-minded; -lýti,
ing, odds; -jafnan, f. = -jafnaðr; -kast, n. pl. faults, flaws; -lögur, f. pl., leggja
n. throwing away; farast at -köstum, to be fœtrna -lögum, to lay the feet across;
wasted; -kenna (-da, -dr), v. to mistake -munr, m. difference, disproportion;
for another. -mæla (-ta, -tr), v. to make a slip of
miski, m. offence, harm; gøra e-m til the tongue (Þórði varð -mælt); -mæli, n.
miska, to offend, wrong a person. slip of the tongue (mæla -mæli); e-m verðr
mis-kunn, f. forgiveness, mercy, grace -mæli á munni, one makes a slip of the
(vill Þ. gefast upp í mitt vald til -kunnar); tongue; -ráðit, pp. n., e-u er -ráðit, it
í m. konungs, at the king’s mercy; gøra is ill-advised; -ræði, n. ill-advised deed;
-kunn á e-m, to show mercy to; -kunna -rœða, f. impropriety (drýgja -rœðu við
(að), v. to show mercy to, deal mercifully konu).
with, pardon (-kunna e-m, máli e-s). miss, á miss, adv. = mis, á mis.

370
missa M mjó-fingraðr
missa (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to miss, fail in piness; -sætti, n. discord.
hitting (Kolr sveiflaði til hans øxi ok mis- mist, f. a Valkyrie.
sti hans); (2) to be without (þeir höfðu mis-taka (see taka), v. (1) to take by
lengi matar misst); impers., missir e-s, mistake; (2) e-m verðr-tekit til e-s, one
it ceases; þar sem missti húsanna, where does a thing wrongly; refl., -takast, to mis-
there were no longer any houses; (3) to carry; -tala (að), v. to make a slip with
miss, feel the want of (missum vér nú the tongue; -tekja, f. (1) mistake; (2)
Hákonar, frænda míns); m. fótanna, to wrongful taking.
slip with the feet, miss one’s footing; im- mistil-teinn, m. mistletoe.
pers., ef mín missir við, if I should die; mis-trúa (see trúa), v. to mistrust, dis-
(4) to lose, suffer loss of; ek hefi mikils believe; -trúnaðr, m. mistrust, doubt;
misst, I have had a great loss; (5) with acc. -tryggja (-ða, -ðr), v. = -trúa; -verk,
to lose, esp. in later writers (vér höfum -verki, n. misdeed; -vitr, a. not always
misst frændr vára). equally wise; -þokkaðr, pp. offensive,
missa, f. loss (megu vér nú eigi þegja displeasing, with dat.; -þokki, m. dis-
yfir missu okkarri). pleasure, dislike; -þokknast (að), v. refl.
mis-sáttr, a. disagreeing, at variance; to displease; -þykki, n. discord; -þykkja,
-segja (see segja), v. to relate wrongly or f. discord; -þykt, f. (1) displeasure; (2)
incorrectly. discord; -þyrma (-da, -t), v. to violate,
misseri, n. (1) season, a period of six damage, outrage; -þyrming, f. maltreat-
months, half year (ár heitir tvau m.); sams ment, outrage.
misseris, in the same season; (2) in pl. míga (míg; meig, migum; miginn), v.
twelvemonth, year (er þau höfðu ásamt to make water.
verit ein m., áttu þau son); önnur m., the míla, f. mile (rare).
next twelvemonth; á tveim hinum fyrrum mjaðar-, gen. from ‘mjöðr’; -bytta, f.
misserum, in the two preceding years; öl- mead-tub; -drykkja, f. mead-drinking;
lum misserum, all the year round. -ístra, f. mead-paunch; -lögr, m. mead-
missi-fengr, a. missing one’s aim. liquor.

M
missir (gen. -is), m. loss, = missa. mjaðmar-, gen. from ‘mjöðm’; -bein,
mis-síðr, a. of unequal length (of a gar- n. hip-bone; -bragð, n. hip-trick (in
ment); -sjá (see sjá), v. to see amiss; wrestling); -höfuð, n. the head of the
-skipta (-pta, -ptr), v. to share unequal- thigh-bone.
ly; -smíði, n. pl., mistakes in a work (svá mjall-hvítr, a. snow-white.
at eigi verði stór -smíði á); sjá, finna mjaltir, f. pl. milking (vóru þá konur
-smíði á e-u, to find, see faults in a thing; at mjöltum).
-stórr, a. of different size; -svefni, n. mjaltr, a. giving milk, milch.
sleeping and waking alternately; -sýnast mjó-beinn, a. slender-legged (a nick-
(see sýna), v. refl., e-m -sýnist, one sees name); -eygr, a. narrow-eyed.
wrong, is mistaken (allmjök -sýnist slíkum mjófast (að), v. refl. to become narrow
manni sem Broddier); -sýni, n. deception (sundin mjófast til útsiglingar).
of sight, mistake; -sæll, a. of unequal hap- mjó-fingraðr, a. slender-fingered.

371
mjó-hundr M moldar-auki
mjó-hundr, m. greyhound; -leitr, a. grasaðr m., spiced mead.
narrow-faced, opp. to ‘breiðleitr’. mjöð-rann, n. mead-hall.
mjókka (að), v. = mjófast. mjök, adv. (1) with verbs, much, greatly
mjólk (gen. mjólkr), f. milk. (hann skaut m. til ráða dóttur sinnar); (2)
mjólka (að), v. (1) to milk; (2) to give with adjs. and advs. very (harðlyndr m.);
milk (geitr mjólkuðu sem kýr). (3) almost, very nearly (hann var dauðr m.
mjólk-á, f. milk-stream. af kulda).
mjólki, m. milksop (m. þinn!). mjöl (gen. mjöls, dat. mjöli, mjölvi),
mjólkr, a. milch, giving milk. n. meal, flour (skip hlaðit af malti ok
mjór (mjó, mjótt), a. (1) thin, slender, mjölvi); -belgr, m. meal-bag; -kaup, n.
slim; mjótt band, a slender cord; (2) point- pl. purchase of meal (fara at mjölka-
ed (m. knífsoddr); (3) narrow, opp. to upum); -kýll, m. = -belgr.
‘breiðr’ (þar var mjótt sund ok djúpt). mjöll (gen. mjallar), fresh powdery
mjó-rakki, m. = mjó-hundr. snow (sá snjór, er hvítastr er, ok í logni
mjúk-dómr, m. meekness; -fingraðr, fellr, ok m. er kallaðr).
a. soft-fingered; -hendr, a. softhanded; mjöl-leyfi, n. licence to export meal;
-hjartaðr, a. tender-hearted; -látr, a. -sáld, n. a measure of meal; -skuld, f.
meek, gentle; -leikr, m. nimbleness, rent to be paid in meal; -vætt, f. a weight
agility; -liga, adv. (1) softly, tenderly; (2) (40 lbs.) of meal.
nimbly; (3) gently, mildly (tala -liga); mjörkva-flaug, f. drifting fog.
-ligr, a. meek, soft; -lyndi, n. meekness; mjörkvi, m. dense fog = myrkvi.
-lyndr, a. meek-tempered, gentle; -læta mjöt, n. pl., poet. the right measure.
(-tta, -ttr), v. to humble (-læta sik); mjötuðr, m. (1) dispenser of fate, ruler,
-læti, n. meekness, gentleness; -orðr, a. judge; (2) bane, death (sverð heitir manns
smooth-spoken. m.); (3) = mjötviðr.
mjúkr, a. (1) soft to the touch, opp. mjöt-viðr, m. the world-tree (?).
to ‘harðr’ (mjúkt skinn); (2) agile, supple moð, n. refuse of hay.
(m. ok vel glímufœrr); (3) easy, comfort- moka (að), v. (1) with dat. to shovel (m.
able (þótti þeim þat mjúkara at taka, er ösku, snjó, myki); (2) with acc. to cleanse
laust flaut); (4) meek, pliable, gentle (þér by shovelling, to clear of dung, etc. (m.
munu menninir mjúkari en mér). flór, kvíar, fjós).
mjúk-ræss, a. running smoothly (of a mokstr, m. shovelling.
ship); -tœkr, a. touching gently. mola (að), v. to crush, break into small
mjöð-drekka, f. mead-cask; pieces (hauss hans molaðist).
-drukkinn, pp. ‘mead-drunk’; -drykk- mold (dat. moldu), f. (1) mould, earth
ja, f. mead-drinking. (hlóðu síðan at grjóti ok jósu at moldu);
mjöðm (gen. mjaðmar, pl. mjaðmir), (2) earth, the ground; fyrir m. ofan, above
f. hip; bregða e-m á m., to throw one’s an- earth, alive; fyrir m. neðan, beneath the
tagonist by a hip-trick (mjaðmarbragð). earth, underground; hníga til moldar, to
mjöðr (gen. mjaðar, dat. miði), m. die.
mead; blanda mjöð, to blend mead; moldar-auki, m. ‘mould’s eke’, dust;

372
mold-bakki M móður-arfr
verða at -auka, to be turned into dust; morning catch; -verk, n. morning work.
-bakki, m. earth-bank; -flaga, f. ‘earth- morgna (að), v. to become morning,
flag’, sod. dawn (þar til er morgnat var mjök).
mold-bakki, m. = moldarbakki; -búi, morgunn, m. = morginn.
m. mould-dweller, ghost; -hrúga, f. heap morkna (að), v. to become rotten.
of earth; -oxi, m. ‘mould-grub’, a nick- morn, f. pining away.
name; -reykr, m., -ryk, n. cloud of dust. morna (að), v. = morgna.
moldugr, a. covered with mould. morna (að), v. (1) to waste or pine away
mold-vegr, m. path of earth (lét hón (m. ok þorna); (2) to cause to pine (þik
mar fara -veg sléttan); -þinurr, m. ‘the morn morni!).
earth-thong’ (the serpent ‘Miðgarð- mornan, f. morning, dawn.
sormr’). mosa-vaxinn, pp. moss-grown.
moli, m. small piece, crumb; also col- mosi, m. (1) moss; (2) moorland.
lect. bits, fragments (haussinn brotnaði í mosóttr, a. mossy, moss-grown.
smán mola). motr (gen. -rs), m. a lady’s headgear
molna (að), v. to crumble into dust. (m. snjóhvítr ok gullofinn).
morð, n. murder (kallið þér þat eigi m., motra, f. a woman wearing a ‘motr’.
at drepa menn um nætr?). móast (að), v. refl. to be digested.
morð-för, f. death (by murder); mó-álóttr, a. with a dark streak along
-gjarn, a. murderous. the back (of a horse); -brúnn, a. dark
morðingi (pl. -jar), m. murderer. brown, dun.
morð-járn, n. murderous weapon; móða, f. large river.
-vargr, m. murderer; -verk, -víg, n. móð-akarn, n. ‘mood-acorn’, heart.
murder (náttvíg eru morðvíg). móðerni, n. (1) mother’s side, of lin-
morgin-drykkja, f. morning-drinking; eage; at m., on the mother’s side; (2) ma-
-dögg, f. morning-dew; -gjöf, f. bridal ternal origin (ei mun logit til móðernis
gift (on the morning after the wedding); þíns); (3) motherhood.
-leið, f. a morning’s walk; -mál, n. morn- móðir (gen., dat. and acc. móður or

M
ing milking-time. mœðr; pl. mœðr), f. mother.
morginn (-s, pl. mornar, morgnar), móð-ligr, a. excited, vehement.
m. morning; á morgin, to-morrow; at móðr, m. excitement, wrath, passion (þá
morni, next morning (konungr dvaldist gekk af honum móðrinn, ok sefaðist
þar um nótt, en at morni bjó hann ferð hann).
sína); í morgin, this (past) morning móðr, a. weary, exhausted, worn out
(dauðan segir þú þann nú, er vér höfum (hann var m. mjök af göngu).
hjalat við í morgin); tomorrow (í morgin, móð-tregi, m. deep sorrow.
sem ljóst er, skulu vér rannsaka bœinn); móðugr (acc. móðgan), a. moody, ex-
um morgininn (eptir), next morning. cited; m. á munað, bent on lust.
morgin-skin, n. morning light; -sól, f. móður-arfr, m. maternal inheritance;
the rising sun; -stjarna, f. the morning -bróðir, m. uncle; -faðir, m. grandfa-
star; -tíðir, f. pl. matins; -veiðr, f. ther; -frændr, m. pl. kinsmen on the

373
mó-hella M móti
mother’s side; -kviðr, m. mother’s womb; mót, n. (1) image, stamp (m. á peningi);
-kyn, n. mother’s kin; -lauss, a. moth- (2) model (skaltu smíða hús eptir því
erless; -leggr, m. mother’s side; -ligr, móti, sem ek mun sýna þér); (3) mark,
a. motherly; -sonr, m. mother’s son; engi sign (máttu sjá m. á, er hón hlær við
-son, not a living soul; -systir, f. aunt; hvert orð) cf. ‘ambáttar-, manns-, ættar-
-tunga, f. one’s mother-tongue; -ætt, f. , œsku-mót’; (4) manner, way; með kyn-
kinsfolk on the mother’s side. ligu (undarligu) móti, in a strange man-
mó-hella, f. (slab of) tufa; -kolla, f. ner; mikill fjöldi dýra með öllu móti, of
a ewe with a dusky head; -kollóttr, a. every shape and manner; með því móti,
with a dusky head (of sheep). in that way; með því móti, at, in such a
mór (gen. mós, pl. móar), m. moor, way that; með litlu (minna) móti, in a
heath, barren moorland. small (less) degree; með engu móti, by no
mó-rauðr, a. yellowish brown; -rendr, means; frá móti, abnormal.
a. russet (of wadmal); -skjóttr, a. dun- móta (að), v. (1) to form, shape; (2) to
piebald. stamp, coin (mótaðr peningr).
mót, n. (1) meeting; mæla m. með sér, mót-bára, f. (1) ‘counter-wave,’ objec-
to fix a meeting; (2) town-meeting (var tion; (2) adversity; -bárligr, a. adverse;
blásit til móts í bœnum ok sagt, at ko- -blástr, m. opposition; -burðr, m. coin-
nungr vildi tala við bœjarmenn); (3) cidence; -dráttr, -drœgi, n. opposition,
joint, juncture (cf. ‘liðamót’); (4) in resistance; -drœgr, a. adverse, opposed;
prepositional and adverbial phrases; á -ferðir, f. pl. opposition; vera í -ferðum
mót, í mót e-m, to meet a person (ganga, við e-n, to resist, go against one; -ferli,
ríða á or í mót e-m); against (mæla, stan- n. adversity.
da á or í mót e-u); í mót, in return, in ex- mót-fjalar, -fjalir, f. pl. the platform
change; á móti, í móti, at móti (e-m) = í on which meetings were held.
mót; snúa í móti e-m, to turn against one; mót-för, f. resistance, opposition (vera
rísa í móti e-u, to rise against, withstand; í -för við e-n); -ganga, f. = -för (veita e-
mikit er þat í móti erfðinni minni, that m -göngu, vera í -göngu við e-n); -gan-
is much when set against what I shall leave gr, m. = -ganga.
behind me; til móts við e-n, to meet one; mótgangs-maðr, m. opponent, adver-
halda til móts við e-n, to march against sary (heilagrar kristni -menn).
one; vera til móts, to be on the opposite mót-gørð, f. offence, annoyance (ef fós-
side; miklir kappar eru til móts, there are tra mínum væri eigi -gørð í).
great champions to contend with; eiga e-t mótgørða-samr, a. given to offend or
til móts við e-n, to own a thing in common annoy (one).
with another (= til jafns við e-n); gøra e- mót-horn, n. ‘meeting-horn’, trumpet
t til móts við e-n, to equal one in a thing (rödd sem ógurligt -horn).
(engan vissa ek þann, er þat léki til móts mót-högg, n. blow in front, opp. to
við mik). ‘bakslag’.
mót, prep. with dat. to meet, towards, móti, prep. with dat. = í móti, (1)
etc. = í mót (see ‘mót’ 4). against, contrary to (þat var bæði m. guðs

374
mót-kast M munda
lögum ok heilagrar kirkju); (2) in the di- muna (man, munda, munaðr), v. to
rection of, towards, = í gegn (á þann bekk, remember (mantu nökkut, hver orð ek
er vissi m. solu); konungr leit m. honum, hafða þar um? Þat man ek görla); m.
the king looked towards him; (3) in return langt fram, to remember far back; m. til e-
for (gaf jarl konungi góð orð m. vináttu s, to have recollection of (spyrr Sveinn ko-
hans); (4) of time, towards (m. degi); m. nungr, hvárt þeir muni til heitstrengin-
vetri, towards the setting in of the winter. gar sinnar); m. e-m e-t, to remember a
mót-kast, n. objection, opposition. thing against one (skal ek nú, segir hón,
mót-lauss, a. without a join (of a ring); muna þér kinn-hestinn).
-likt, adv. similarly, in a like manner (- muna (að), v. (1) to move, remove, with
líkt ferr annan aptan); -mark, n. stamp; dat.; m. út garði, to shift the fence farther
-mæla (-ta, -tr), v. to contradict; off, widen it; mér er ór minni munat, I
-mæli, n. contradiction; -reið, f. en- have quite forgotten it; intrans., m. fram,
counter on horseback; -reist, f. resis- to move forward, advance (miðlum ekki
tance; -ris, n. = -reist. spor vár, nema vér munim fram); (2) to
móts, gen. from ‘mót’; m. við e-n = til make a difference, with dat. of the
móts við, see ‘mót’ 4 (ek skal fara m. við amount (svá at muni hálfri stiku í tíu
þá). stikum).
mót-settr, pp. adverse to (e-m); muna (að), v. impers.; e-n munar, one
-snúinn, pp. adverse, opposed to (e-m); longs, desires (rare).
-staða, f. resistance; -staðligr, a. op- munaðar-lifnaðr, m. life of pleasure;
posing, hostile. = munúð-lífi.
mót-stefna, f. a meeting previously munaðr (gen. -ar), m. voluptuous life.
fixed or arranged. muna-fullr, a. delightful.
mót-stœðligr, a. = -staðligr. munar-heimr, m. home of happiness;
mótstöðu-flokkr, m. opposition par- -lauss, joyless, unhappy.
ty; -maðr, m. antagonist, adversary (mót- mund, n. time, high time (er þú hefir
stöðumenn Gunnars). gört þetta, þá mun þér m. ór hauginum á

M
mót-svar, n. answer, reply; -tak, n. re- braut); (í) þat m., at (by, about) that time;
sistance, defence; -taka, f. = -tak; -viðri, with gen., í þat m. dags, at that time of the
n. contrary wind. day; önnur misseri í þetta m., this time
mót-völlr, m. place of meeting. next year; í þau m., in those days; irreg-
mót-þrói, m. hostility; -þykki, n. dis- ular pl. mundir, f., hann bað menn sína
like, displeasure. bíða til annars dags í þær mundir, wait till
muðla (að), v. to mumble; m. fyrir mu- the same hour next day.
ni sér, to mutter to oneself. mund (dat. mundu), f. hand.
muðlan, f. mumbling. munda (að), v. to aim, point, with a
muðr (gen. munns), m. = munnr. weapon (Gunnarr mun eigi lengi m. at-
mugga, f. mugginess, drizzling mist. geirinum, ef hann fœrir hann á lopt);
muggu-veðr, n. muggy, misty weather recipr., mundast at or til, to point at one
(snæskafa eða -veðr). another (with weapons).

375
mundang M munr
mundang, n. the tongue of the balance, -ljótr, a. with an ugly-shaped mouth;
the mean between two extremes, modera- -nám, n.; með orðum -náms, with the
tion; hærra nafn en m. væri, than was fit words of his mouth.
and proper; gen. sing. ‘mundangs’, and munnr (-s, -ar), old nom. muðr, m.
gen. pl. ‘mundanga’ used as adv., moder- (1) mouth; mæla fyrir munni sér, to say in
ately, in a fair degree (mundangs mikit, a low voice; e-m verðr e-t á munni, one
mundanga heitr). happens to say (þat varð henni á munni,
mundang-leikr, m. moderation; er hón sá þetta: ‘sjá ben markar spjóti
-liga, adv., justly, duly; -ligr, a. just, spor’); mæla af munni fram, to extempo-
due, proper (-ligt hóf). rize; (2) the steel edge of an axe or ham-
mundangs-hóf, n. the true middle, mer.
golden mean, due moderation; með-hófi, munn-rugl, n. twaddle.
moderately, duly, fitly; -maðr, m. moder- munns-höfn, f. language; hafa góða
ate man. -höfn, to use good language.
mundar-mál, n. agreement about a munn-skálp, n. idle talk; -vani, a.
woman’s ‘mundr’. mouthless; -víðr, a. wide-mouthed.
mundia-fjöll, n. pl. the Alps. munr (-ar, -ir), m. (1) mind; e-m leikr
mund-laug, f. basin used in washing the í mun, one has a mind to, feels inclinded to
hands (hann tók mundlaugar þrjár fáðar (= leikr e-m í skapi); munar stríð, heart’s
með gulli). grief; (2) mind, longing, delight; at mínum
mund-mál, n. = mundarmál. munum, to my mind; gráta at mun, to
mundr (gen. -ar), m. the sum which the weep heartily; at mannskis munum, to
bridegroom had to pay for his bride, and please anybody; leita e-m munar, to com-
which after the wedding became her own fort one; (3) love; sá inn máttki m., all-
property. powerful love; vættak míns munar, I wait-
mund-riði, m. handle of a shield. ed for my love; komast á muni við e-n,
mun-gát, n. ale, small beer. to insinuate oneself, become intimate, with
mungáts-gørð, f. brewing of ‘mungát’; one.
-tunna, f. ale-cask. munr (-ar, -ir), m. (1) difference (hví
munka-búnaðr, m. monastic dress; gørir þú svá mikinn mun barnanna); er
-klæði, n. pl. monastic dress; -kufl, m. þess, mikill m., hvárt, it makes a great
monk’s habit; -lifnaðr, m. monastic life; difference, whether; (2) moment, impor-
-siðr, m. conventual rule. tance; e-m er m. undir e-u, it is of impor-
munk-ligr, a. monkish, monastic; -líf, tance to one (at hann skyldi segja honum
-lífi, n. monastery. þá hluti, er honum væri m. undir at vita);
munkr (-s, -ar), m. monk, friar. e-m er m. at e-u, it is of some moment (ok
mun-ligr, a. desirable, advantageous. mætti þér verða munr at, at þeir væri þér
munn-eiðr, m. swearing (as a prac- heldr sinnaðir en í móti); meta muninn,
tice); -fyllr, f. mouthful. to hesitate (Hrólfr mat eigi munin eptir
munni, m. mouth, opening. þeim at fara); Grímr gørði ok þann mun
munn-lítill, a. with a small mouth; allan, er hann mátti, G. strained every

376
mun-ráð M mylja
nerve; (3) the dat. ‘muni’ or ‘mun’ before pleasure or lust.
a compar., somewhat (= nökkuru), consid- mura, f. silver-weed, goose grass.
erably, a good deal; ljóstu mun kyrrara, murra (að), v. to murmur.
strike somewhat more gently; með muni mustari, musteri, n. temple.
minna liði, with consideralby less force; múga-sláttr, m. mowing in swaths.
adding a pronoun, þeim mun (before a múgi, m. (1) swath; (2) crowd (með mú-
compar.) = því; þeim mun betr, so much ga hers); cf. ‘almúgi’.
the better; engum mun = engu; engum múgr, m. crowd, common people (allr m.
mun verr, no worse; (4) what is wanted, Svía hljóp upp); heimskr m., the foolish
required; er mikilla muna vant or á vant, mob.
much is wanting (þótti honum mikilla múl-binda, v. to muzzle (Oddr múl-
muna á vant, at vel væri); E. hafði eigi bindr unga gammsins).
skaplyndi til at biðja konung hér neinna múli, m. (1) muzzle, snout; (2) project-
muna um, E. was too proud to beg any- ing mountain, ‘mull’.
thing in this case; (5) adverbial phrases, múll (-s, -ar), m. mule.
fyrir hvern mun, by all means; fyrir engan múrr, m. wall (of brick or stone).
mun, by no means; (6) means, things; at mús (pl. mýss), f. (1) mouse (svá hræddr
eigi munið ér alla yðra muni til leggja, sem m. í skreppu); (2) the biceps muscle
that you will not contribute all your means, in the arm (kom ein ör í handlegginn í
strain every nerve; biskup las fyrst smám músina).
ok smám munina fyrir þeim, expounded músa-gangr, m. inroad of mice.
all the details for them. músar-bragð, n. a trick in wrestling.
mun-ráð, n. dearest wish (hefk míns múta, f. (1) fee, gratuity; em ek eigi
föður -ráð brotit). vanr at taka mútur á afli mínu, to exhibit
munu (man or mun, munda; pret. in- my strength for money; (2) mæla e-t á mú-
fin. mundu), v. (1) as an auxiliary verb tur, to make a secret of, speak with reserve
simply denoting futurity, shall, will; (ekki þarf þetta á mútur at mæla); (3)
munu margir þess gjalda, many will smart bribe.

M
for it; ok mun hann hér koma brátt, and mútaðr, pp. that has moulted or mewed
he will be here speedily; (2) denoting what (gáshaukr fimm sinnum m.).
is probable or pretty certain, is sure to, mútu-fé, n. tribe; -girni, f. corruption
must; þú munt vera feigr maðr, thou are by bribery; -gjarn, a. open to bribery;
surely a death-doomed man; nú mun faðir -gjöf, f. bribe-giving; something given as
minn dauðr vera, now my father must be a bribe.
dead; (3) in past tenses, would (eigi mygla (að), v. to grow mouldy or musty
mundak trúa); must, kvað hann þá nú (þat brauð er nú myglat).
mundu dauða, he said that now they must mygla, f. mouldiness, mustiness.
be dead. myglugr, a. musty (myglugt brauð).
mun-úð (contr. from ‘mun-ugð’, ‘mun- myki, f. dung; -reka, f. dung-shovel;
hugð’), f. pleasure, lust, love. -skán, f. a cake of cow-dung.
munúð-ligr, a. sensual; -lífi, n. life of mylja (myl, mulda, muldr), v. to

377
mylkja M mæla
crush to pieces (allt mylr hann með sínum myrkr, n. darkness (m. var mikit).
tönnum). myrkra-fullr, a. full of darkness;
mylkja (-ta, -tr), v. to give suck. -staðr, m. place of darkness.
mylna, f. mill. myrk-riða, f. ‘night-rider’, hag, witch
mylnu-maðr, m. miller. (cf. ‘kveldriða’).
mynd (pl. -ir), f. (1) shape, form (hverja myrkva (-ti), v. to grow dark; impers.,
m. sem hann hefir tekit á sik); (2) image, en er nótt (acc.) myrkti, when the night
figure; (3) manner; á þá m. sem, in the grew dark; en er m. tók, when it began to
same manner as; at nökkurri m., in some grow dark.
manner. myrkva-stofa, f. dungeon.
mynda (að), v. (1) to shape, form; m. e- myrkvi, m. (1) darkness; (2) dense fog
t eptir e-u, to shape after, imitate; (2) to (cf. ‘mjörkvi’).
aim, point = munda; m. til e-s, to hint at myrk-viðr, m. dark wood, mirkwood;
(ekki þarf hér at m. til þess, er oss er í also as a place-name.
hug). mysa, f. whey.
mynni, n. mouth (of a river, fjord). mý, n. midge (svá margir sem mý).
myrða (-rða, -rðr), v. (1) to murder mý-bit, n. midge-bite.
(móður tókt mína ok myrðir til hnossa); mýgja (-ða, -ðr), v. to put down, op-
(2) to conceal a murdered body (hann drap press, with dat.
hann sofanda ok myrði hann síðan); (3) mýkja, older form mýkva (-ta, -tr), v.
to conceal, suppress (skal ek eigi m. þetta to smooth, soften; m. sik, to soften oneself;
konungsbréf). refl., mýkjast, to be softened.
myrginn, m. morning, = morginn. mýkt, f. softness, kindness.
myrk-blár, a. dark blue; -blauðr, a., mýll (-s, -ar), m. ball, stone.
-fælinn, a. afraid in the dark; -fælni, f. mýri-snípa, f. common snipe.
fear in the dark; -heimr, m. home of dark- mýr-lendi, n. boggy ground; -lendr,
ness; -hræddr, -hræðinn, a. = -fælinn. a. boggy; -öttr, a. = -lendr.
myrkja (-ti), v. to grow dark (tekr nú at mýrr (gen. mýrar, acc, and dat. mýri,
m. af nótt). pl. mýrar), f. moor, bog, swamp.
myrk-leikr, m. darkness, obscurity. mýsla, f., mýslingr, m. little mouse.
myrkna (að), v. to grow dark. mæ-fingr, a. = mjófingraðr.
myrk-nætti, n. the darkest part of the mægð, f. affinity by marriage.
night, dead of night (þeir kómu þar um mægi, n. = mægð.
-nætti). mægjast (ð), v. refl. to marry into a
myrkr (acc. myrkan, -van, -jan), a. family (m. við e-n).
(1) dark, murky (um kveldit, er myrkt mækir, m. a kind of sword.
var); myrkt var af nótt, the night was mæla (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to speak, with
dark; gørði-myrkt, it grew dark; (2) dark, acc. and absol. (Flosi mælti ekki orð á
obscure in meaning, hard to understand meðan); m. mörgum orðum, to use many
(myrkt þykki mér þat mælt at kalla skáld- words; m. e-n orðum, to address one; m.
skap með þessum heitum). máli, to speak a (foreign) language; m.

378
mæla M mæringr
æðru, to express fear, despondency; m. n, to speak to (G. mælti við Ögmund: fylg
lög, to speak law, have law on one’s side þú þeim til húsa minna); m. við e-u, to
in pleading; m. málum, to plead a cause; gainsay, refuse; (4) refl., mælast fyrir, to
m. mælt mál, to speak what others say; (2) speak (hví þú, Gangráðr, mælist af gólfi
to stipulate, appoint, settle (var svá mælt, fyrir?); to pray, say one’s prayers (leggst
at S. jarl skyldi koma til Dyflinnar); m. hann niðr ok mælist nú fyrir, sem honum
mót með sér, to fix an interview; m. sér þótti vænligast); mælist e-t vel (illa)
e-t, to claim for oneself (ef þú vilt þér fyrir, it is well (ill) spoken of (víg Gunnars
m. man); (3) with preps., m. aptr, to re- spurðist ok mæltist illa fyrir um allar
tract (one’s words); m. á máli, to speak sveitir); m. um, to speak of; m. undan,
a language (m. á Írsku); m. eptir e-n, to to excuse oneself, decline (hann mæltist
take up the prosecution in the case of a undan); m. við, to speak to one another
slain man (þú átt eptir hraustan mann (ekki mæltust þeir fleira þann dag við);
at m.); m. eptir e-m, to take one’s part; m. einn (saman) við, to talk to oneself; to
m. fyrir, to order, prescribe (sagði Jófríðr have the word alone; impers., e-m mælist
honum, ar barnit er út borit, sem hann vel, one speaks well, makes a good speech
hafði fyrir mælt); m. fyrir e-u, to claim; (sögðu menn, at honum mæltist vel); m.
allt þat silfr, er hann mælti fyrir, which sér konu, to court (woo) a lady (ef þú vilt
he had bargained for; m. fyrir griðum, to þér m. man).
declare a truce (by using the proper for- mæla (-da, -dr), v. to measure.
mula); m. vel fyrir e-m, to express a wish mælandi (pl. -endr), m. pleader.
for a person’s good fortune (G. gaf svein- mælgi, f. prattle, much talking.
inum gullsylgju ok mælti vel fyrir hon- mæli-hlass, n. measured cartload;
um); m. fyrir skipi, to say the prayer when -ker, -kerald, n. vessel used as a mea-
a ship puts to sea; m. fyrir minni, to pro- sure.
pose a toast; m. í móti e-u, to gainsay, op- mæling (pl. -ar), f. (1) measuring, mea-
pose, object to (allir heiðnir menn mæltu surement; (2) dimension.
í móti); m. til e-s, to speak to one; hón mælir (gen. -is, pl. -ar), m. measure.

M
mælti til hans djarfliga, she spoke up to mælska, f. (1) eloquence; (2) idiom.
him boldly; to speak of one (Gunnar hafði mælsku-maðr, m. orator.
aldri illa mælt til Njálssona); m. til e-s, mæltr, pp. spoken; esp. in compds.,
to express a wish for a thing (þeir mæl- lág-, marg-, stutt-mæltr.
tu til vináttu með sér at skilnaði); m. til mær, a. = mjór (poet.).
friðar, to sue for peace; m. e-t til e-s, to mær (gen. meyjar, dat. mey or meyju,
claim, call for as payment (þeir fóru len- acc. mey, pl. meyjar), f. (1) maid, girl,
gi undan ok mæltu til fé mikit at lyk- virgin (úfröm sem ungar meyjar); (2) po-
tum); m. um e-t, to say about a thing (G. et. daughter, answering to ‘mögr’ (þegi
spurði, hvat hann mælti um hrossin); to þú Frigg, þú ert Fjörgyns mær).
utter, say solemnly (þat læt ek verða um mæra (-ða, -ðr), v. to praise, laud; m.
mælt, at); m. e-n undan e-u, to beg one e-n e-u, to decorate with.
off from (m. e-n undan dauða); m. við e- mæringr (-s, -ar), m. a noble man.

379
mærr M mörr
mærr, a. famous, glorious, illustrious mögla (að), v. to murmur, grumble.
(m. jöfurr; mærir tívar). möglan, f. murmuring.
mæta-gripr, m. costly thing; -maðr, möglanar-samr, a. given to grumbling
m. worthy man. (þrællinn gørðist -samr).
mæti, n. pl. (1) good things (mörg veit mögr (gen. magar, dat. megi; pl. me-
ek m. mér gengin frá); (2) hafa m. á e-u, gir, acc. mögu), m. (1) son (mey fru-
to have a fancy for, value highly (lát oss sjá munga fal hann megi Gjúka); (2) boy,
naut þau, er þú hefir svá mikil m. á); leg- youth (þeir létu mög ungan til moldar
gja m. á e-n, to take a fancy for. hníga).
mæti-ligr, a. costly, valuable. mögu-ligr, a. possible (sem fremst var
mætis-maðr, m. = mætamaðr. honum -ligt).
mætr, a. costly, excellent, worthy. mök, n. pl. intercourse, dealings.
mætur, f. pl., = mæti (2). mökkr (dat. mekki), m. dense cloud.
mœða (-dda, -ddr), v. to make weary möl (gen. malar), f. shingle, pebbles,
(móðr), exhaust, plague; refl., mœðast, gravel (Flosi var uppi á mölinni).
to become wearied or exhautsed (mœddust mölr (gen. malar; pl. melir, acc.
þeir af kulda). mölu), m. moth.
mœða, f. trouble, trial, distress. mølva (mølda), v. to crush, pound.
mœðgin, n. pl. mother and son(s). mön (gen. manar, pl. manar), f. mane
mœðgur, f. pl. mother and daughter. of a horse; skera mön, to cut the mane;
mœði, f. weariness, exhaustion, short- mörum sínum m. jafnaði, he trimmed the
ness of breath; -liga, adv. wearily; varp manes of his horses.
hann öndinni -liga, he drew his breath möndull (dat. möndli), m. handle of a
painfully; -ligr, a. troublesome, painful. quern (tökum á möndli skarpara).
mœðing, f. trouble, = mœða. mön-skurðr, m. mane-cutting.
mœði-samligr, -samr, a. troublesome, möpurr, m. maple-tree.
exhausting. mör-bjúga, n. sausage of suet (mörr)
mœna (-da, -dr), v. (1) to provide with a and meat; -fjándi, m. ‘suet-fiend’, =
ridge; (2) to tower (m. upp ór). mör-landi.
mœnir (gen. -is), m. ridge of a house mörðr (gen. marðar, dat. merði), m.
(hann hljóp upp á mœninn). marten (cf. ‘marðskinn’).
mœrskr, a. belonging to the district of mörk (gen. merkr, pl. merkr), f.
Mœri in Norway. mark, by weight or value, = eight ounces
mœta (-tta, -tt), v. (1) to meet (þar (átta aurar).
mœtti hann Grími inum rauða); (2) to mörk (gen. markar and merkr, pl.
meet with, suffer (bóndi sá, er skaðanum markir and merkr), f. forest.
mœtti); (3) refl. mœtast, to meet one an- mör-landi, m. ‘suet-lander’, a nick-
other (þeir mœttust á förnum vegi); to name given to the Icelanders by the Nor-
join, meet (þar er mœtist Sogn ok Hörða- wegians.
land). mörr (gen. mörs), m. suet (mörr eða
mögl, n. murmuring, grumbling. feiti fórnar hverrar).

380
möru-eldr M mötu-nautr
möru-eldr, m. phosphorescence. möttul-band, n. mantle-tie.
möskvi, m. mesh (ríða mökva). möttull (dat. möttli), m. mantle.
mösmar, m. pl. treasures (poet.). möttul-skaut, n. mantle-skirt.
mösurr, m. maple. mötu-nautr, m. messmate; -neyti, n.
mösur-bolli, m., -skál, f. mazer bowl messmateship.
or cup; -tré, n. maple-tree.

381
nadd-él nauð-leyti

N
nakkvarr, nakkverr, pron. any, =
nekkverr, nökkurr).
nara (pres. nari), v. to linger.
nasa-, gen. pl. from ‘nös’; -dreyri, m.
bleeding at the nose; -læti, n. pl. snuf-
fling; -vit, n. the sense of smell.
nas-björg, f. = nefbjörg; -bráðr, a.
hot-headed; -raufar, f. pl. nostrils.
nadd-él, n. shower of arrows; -göfugr, nauð, f. (1) need, distress; í nauðum
a. bright-studded (?). staddr, in distress, distressed; með
naddr (-s, -ar), m. stud, nail. nauðum, with great difficulty; (2)
naðr (gen. -rs), m., naðra, f. adder, bondage, = ánauð (seldr í nauð); (3) pl.
snake (naðra mikil ok illileg). shackles, fetters (hann vissi sér á höndum
nafarr (dat. nafri), m. auger, gimlet. höfgar nauðir).
nafars-rauf, f. gimlet-hole. nauða (að), v. to rustle, = gnauða.
nafli, m. navel. nauða-kostr, m. dire choice; -mikill,
nafn, n. (1) name; at nafni, by name; a. very severe (vetr -mikill).
í nafni e-s, in one’s name; (2) name, title nauða-maðr, m. bondsman.
(hersir at nafni). nauða-sætt, f. an enforced agreement
nafna, f. female namesake. (taka -sætt af jarlinum).
nafn-bót, f. title, rank; -festr, f. nauð-beita, f. sailing close to the wind
‘name-fastening’, a gift which it was usual (leggja í -beitu); -beygja (-ða, -ðr), v. to
to make when a new name was given force, compel, subdue; -fölr, a. very pale.
to any one (hvat gefr þú mér at -festi?); nauðga (að), v. to compel, force, with
-frægr, a. famous, renowned; -gipt, f. dat. (n. mönnum til blóta).
bestowing of title and rank; -gipta (-pta, nauð-gjald, n. forced payment; -gön-
-ptr), v. to name, call. gull, a. helping (women) in need (þær
nafni, m. namesake (finnast þeir naf- nornir, er nauðgönglar eru).
nar jafnan). nauðigr (acc. nauðgan), a. unwilling,
nafn-kenna (-da, -dr), v. to name; reluctant (Þyri fór mjök nauðig); taka
-kunnigr, a. renowned; -ligr, a. appro- konu nauðga, to ravish, mér er e-t
priate as a name; -toga (að), v. to name, nauðigt, it is against any will, I do not like
mention, speak of. it.
nafra-skjóða, f. gimlet-bag. nauð-kván, f. unwilling wife.
naga (að), v. = gnaga. nauðleyta-maðr, m. near kinsman.
nagga (að), v. = gnadda. nauð-leyti, n. close affinity, relation-
nagl (gen. nagls, pl. negl), m. nail. ship (vera í -leytum við e-n); -liga, adv.
nagli, m. nail, spike (naglar í skipi). painfully; -ljótr, a. hideous; -maðr, m.
nagls-rœtr, f. pl. root of the nail. husband; -mágr, m. an enforced ‘mágr’;
nakinn, a. naked, = nøkviðr. -oka (að), v. to compel, force; -pína (-da,
nakkvar, adv. somewhere. -dr), v. to force by torments.

382
nauðr N ná-bjargir
nauðr, f. necessily, need; ef mik n. um the keeping of cattle; -hellir, m. a cave
stendr, if I am in need. used as a stall; -maðr, m. neat-herd,
nauð-reki, a. drifted by a storm; -skil- herdsman; -mark, n. cattle-mark; -vara,
ja, a. indecl. doomed to part; -skilnaðr, f. cattle-hides.
m. forced parting, forced divorce; -stad- naut-fall, n. = nauts-fall; -fé, n. cat-
dr, pp. distressed, = í nauðum staddr; tle; -fellir, m. loss (death) of cattle;
-syn (gen. -synjar, pl. -synjar), f. need, -högg, n. the blow which fells an ox (nú
necessity (er -syn at drepa niðr illu orði); vil ek eigi bíða -höggsins).
ganga -synja sinna = ganga eyrna (eyren- nautn, f. use made of a thing (ofmikil n.
da) sinna; -synja (að), v. impers., e-n á skóginum), = neyzla.
-synjar, one stands in need of. nautr (-s, -ar), m. (1) partaker (with
nauðsynja-erendi, n. pressing busi- another person); (2) donor, giver (góðr
ness; -för, f. pressing journey; -hlutir, þótti mér þá nautrinn, er Hákon jarl var);
m. pl. necessaries; -lauss, a. unnecessary; (3) gift (following the gen. of the person
at -lausu, without necessity (Þ. hafði at from whom it comes); sverðit konungs-
-lausu gengit á vaild Hrafns); without im- nautr, the sword that was the king’s gift.
pediment, in case there be no lawful hin- naut-reki, m. herdsman, drover.
drance; -sýsla, f. pressing business; nauts-fall, n. a neat’s carcase; -fóðr,
-verk, n. needful work (hér hefir þú mikit n. a neat’s fodder for the winter; -húð, f.
-verk unnit). ox- or cow-hide; -rófa, f. tail of a cow or
nauðsyn-liga, adv. necessarily; -ligr, ox.
a. necessary. ná (nái, náða, nát), v. (1) to get hold
nauðu-liga, adv. (1) in need; -liga of, reach, overtake, with dat. (Ingimundr
kominn, staddr, in straits; (2) with diffi- hleypr nú í skóginn ok náðu þeir honum
culty; komast -liga undan, á brott, fá -liga ekki); ná til e-s, to reach one (með
forðat sér, to have a narrow escape; -ligr, sverðinu); (2) to get, obtain (er hann náði
a. hard, difficult. konungs fundi); vér höfum eigi nát
nauðung, f. compulsion, constraint. lögum, we have not had a lawful trial; (3)
nauðungar-eiðr, m. an oath taken un- with infin., to be able, be allowed (náði
der compulsion; -kostr, m. compulsory engi maðr at bera konungsnafn, nema
terms; -laust, adv. without compulsion; hann einn); heilindi sitt ef maðr hafa
-maðr, m., vera -maðr e-s, to be under náir, if a man may enjoy his good health;
another person’s thumb; -sætt, f. compul- (4) impers., kennimenn þeir er á þvísa
sory agreement (cf. ‘nauðasætt’). landi næði, those clergymen who were to N
naust, n. boat-house, boat-shed. be got in this country; (5) refl., nást, to be
naut, n. neat, cattle (menn hafa þar caught; ef þat náist eigi, if that cannot be
mart nauta ok sauða). attained; recipr., to reach one another; þar
nauta-beit, f. pasture for cattle; var mýrlent ok máttu þeir eigi nást til,
-brunnr, m. well for watering cattle; they could not come to close quarters.
-ferill, m. cattle-track; -fjöldi, m., ná-, in compds. nigh, near.
-flokkr, m. drove of cattle; -gæzla, f. ná-bjargir, f. pl. the last service to the

383
ná-borinn N nár
dead, closing the nostrils, eyes and -kvæmd, f. coming near to, proximity;
mouth (veita e-m -bjargir). -kvæmi, f. exactness; -kvæmr, a. (1) near
ná-borinn, pp. near akin, closely relat- about one’s person, near to one (var Ólafr
ed; -búð, f. dwelling near to, neighbour- konungr honum svá -kvæmr, at); (2) at-
hood; -búi, m. neighbour. tentive, favourable (hón er -kvæmust
ná-bönd, n. pl. the bonds in which a mönnum til áheita); (3) minute, close (-
corpse in wrapped. kvæmr í skriptum); (4) exact, accurate
náð (-ar, -ir), f. (1) grace, mercy, = (bæði nákvæm svör ok haldkvæm).
miskunn; tóku þér hann útlendan ok nál (-ar, -ar), f. needle.
úkunnan á þínar náðir, under thy protec- nálgast (að), v. refl. (1) approach,
tion; (2) pl. rest, peace, quietness; í come near to (n. e-n, n. til e-s); (2) to come
náðum, in peace, quietness (S. bað hann by, get (n. sitt góz).
vera þar um nóttina í náðum); ganga til ná-liga, adv. (1) nigh, near at hand,
náða, taka á sik náðir, to go to rest, com- near to; (2) almost, nearly (hann varð ok
pose oneself to rest. náliga alls þess víss, er við bar); -ligr, a.
náða (að), v. to give rest and peace to, near, close at hand; -lægð, f. (1) nearness,
protect; refl., náðast, to get rest. proximity; (2) presence; -lægjast (ð), v.
náða-hús, n. (1) house of rest, closet; (2) refl. to approach; -lægr, a. (1) near at
privy, = náðhús. hand, close by (-læg héruð); (2) touching
náð-hús, n. privy. nearly.
náð-ugr, a. merciful. nám, n. (1) seizure, occupation (cf. ‘land-
náðu-liga, adv. privately, quietly; nám’); (2) learning, study (er hann var at
-ligr, a. peaceful, quiet. námi).
ná-frændi, m. near kinsman; -frænd- ná-mágr, m. a near relative by marriage
kona, f. a near female relative; -granna, (þeir eru tveir námágar).
f. female neighbour; -granni, m. near nám-dúkr, m. a kind of cloth.
neighbour. nám-girni, f. eagerness to learn;
ná-gráðugr, a. corpse-greedy. -gjarn, a. eager to learn.
ná-grenni, n. neighbourhood; -gren- nám-kyrtill, m. a kirtle made of
nis, adv. in the neighbourhood. námdúkr (kona í svörtum -kyrtli).
ná-grindr, f. pl. the gates of the dead; ná-munda, prep. with dat. near to (ve-
-gríma, f. ‘dead man’s mask’, scalp; ra, liggja, vita -munda e-u); vera í -mun-
-göll, f. death-cry. da, to be close by; -mægð, f. near affinity.
ná-hvalr, m. narwhale. nánd, f. neighborhood, nearness, prox-
náinn (pl. nánir), a. (1) near; náit er imity; koma í n. (or í nándir) e-u, to come
nef augum, nose is near of kin to eyes; (2) near to.
n. e-m, closely related to, a near kinsman nár (gen. nás, pl. náir, acc. nái, dat.
of (þeir menn eru þér nánir at frændse- nám), m. corpse, deat man; fölr sem n.,
mi). pale as death; nýtr manngi nás, a corpse
ná-kominn, pp. closely related, touch- is good for nought; bjarga nám, to lend the
ing one nearly (þetta mál er mér -komit); last service to the dead; verða at ná, verða

384
nári N né
nár, to become a corpse. túrunnar); (2) (supernatural) virtue, power
nári, m. the groin. (fylgði þessu n. mikil); (3) pl., spirits,
ná-seta, f. sitting near, proximity; -set- powers.
tr, pp. seated near; -skyldr, a. closely náttúraðr, pp. having a certain nature
related. or virtue.
ná-strá, n. pl. ‘corpse-straw’; liggja á náttúr-liga, adv. according to nature,
nástrám, to lie dead (on straw); -strönd, properly; -ligr, a. proper, natural.
f. ‘corse-strand’, abode of the dead. nattúru-bragð, n. natural character;
ná-stœðr, a. nearly related. -gjöf, f. natural gift; -gripr, m. an object
nátt (gen. -ar, nætr, pl. nætr), f. possessed of some virtue; -lög, n. pl. law
night, see ‘nótt’. of nature; -steinn, m. a stone possessing
nátta (að), v. (1) to pass the night; (2) special virtues.
to become night, grow dark (tók þá at n.); nátt-vaka, f. sitting up at night, night-
(3) impers., náttar e-n, one is benighted. watch.
náttar-tími, m. night-time; -þel, n. náttverðar-drykkja, f. drinking after
the darkest part of the night; á -þeli, at the supper; -dvöl, f. stay during supper; -el-
dead of night. di, n. entertainment for supper; -mál, n.
nátt-ból, n. night-quarters; -drykkja, supper-time.
f. night-bout; -far, n. travelling by night; náttverðr, m. supper (fara til
fara dagfari ok -fari, to travel day and -verðar); -víg, n. man-slaughter during
night; -farar, f. pl. night-wanderings; the night; -þing, n. an assembly held by
-fasta, f. night-fast; -gisting, f. night- night.
quarters; -langt, adv. for the night náungi, náungr, m. neighbour.
(hvílast, sofa -langt); -leikr, m. night- ná-venzlaðr, a. closely related (by
games; -lengis, adv. = -langt; -liga, adv. marriage); -vera, f. presence; -verandi,
at night, in the night-time; -ligr, a. noc- pr. p. present; -vist, -vista, f. = -vera.
turnal, nightly; -mál, n. ‘night-meal’, návistar- or návistu-maðr, m. com-
about nine o’clock p. m. panion, associate (tryggvir -menn).
náttmála-skeið, n. the time of ne, a negative particle (poet.) with a
‘náttmál’; -varða, f. a pyramid (cairn) in- verb, (1) not; út þú ne kemr, thou comest
tended to show the time of ‘náttmál’. not out; sól þat ne vissi, hvar hún sali átti,
nátt-messa, f. night-mass; -myrkr, n. the sun knew not, etc; (2) ne einn, not one;
darkness of night; -serkr, m. night-shirt; lifa þeir ne einir þriggja tega manna, not
-seta, f. late hours; -setja, v. to place for one of those thirty men is left; ne einu sin- N
the night before burial; -sól, f. nidnight ni, not once; preceded by a negation, any
sun; -staðr, m. night-quarters; -stefna, = neinn (vórum vér ekki mjök við búnir
f. night-meeting; -sæta (-tta, -ttr), v. ne einum úfriði).
= -setja; -söngr, m. night-service in a né, adv., preceded by a negation, nor
church. (eigi mælta ek þetta fyrir þér né honum);
nátturðr (gen. -ar), m. = náttverðr. hvárki … né, neither … nor (hefir hvárki
náttúra, f. (1) nature (eptir boði nát- heyrt til hans styn né hósta); hvárgi þeir-

385
neðan N neinn
ra, Önundar né Þorfinns, er jafnmenni nosed.
föður míns, neither of the two, O. or Th., nefna (-da, -dr), v. (1) to name (nefn-
is my father’s equal. du þinn föðr); n. sik, to name one’s name;
neðan, adv. (1) from below from beneath n. e-n á nafn, to name by name; Oddr er
(veittu þeir atróðr n. eptir ánni); (2) maðr nefndr, there is a man mentioned, of
without motion, beneath, underneath the name of Odd; (2) to mention by name,
(skipit var meitt n.); fyrir n. (with acc.), point out (nefni ek til þess Björn ok Hel-
below, beneath (kemr lagit í fót fyrir n. ga); (3) to name, appoint, order (nefndi
kné). konungr nökkura menn at ganga upp á
neðan-verðr, a. lower, undermost; eyna); (4) a law term, to call (n. menn
kom annat lagit í bringuna, en annat í í dóm); to summon, cite (allir aðrir, þeir
-verða brynjuna, in the lower part of the sem þannig vóru nefndir); to levy (n. lið
coat of mail. ór heruðum); (5) refl., nefnast, to give
neðar-la, -liga, adv. low down, far be- one’s name as, call oneself (hann nefndist
low (n. í jörðu). Hrappr).
neðarr, adv. compar. lower, farther nefna, f. naming, nomination (cf. ‘dóm-
down (nökkuru n.). nefna’).
neðast, adv. superl. farthest down. nefnd, f. (1) a levy or contribution in
neðri, a. compar. lower, nether (á neðra men and ships (hann vill n. hafa ór hverju
stræti); it neðra, underneath (var ljóst it fylki bæði at liði ok skipum); (2) a body of
efra, en dimt it neðra). daysmen or arbitrators; (3) name, designa-
nef (gen. pl. nefja), n. (1) the bone of tion (rare).
the nose, nasal bone, opp. to ‘nasir’ (hann nefndar-dagr, m. fixed day (= nefndr
rak hnefana á nasir mér ok braut í mér dagr); -lið, n. levied forces; -maðr, m. a
nefit); (2) the nose (náit er n. augum); (3) man named for the levy (-menn af Foldin-
beak, bill (of a bird); (4) head, person; um ni).
alla Sváþjóð guldu menn Óðni skatt, pen- nefni-liga, adv. by name, expressly.
ning fyrir n. hvert, a penny per head. nefning (pl. -ar), f. nomination, levy.
nef-björg, f. visor; -dreyri, m. bleed- nef-síðr, a. long-nosed; -skorinn, pp.
ing at the nose; -fölr, a. pale-nebbed; with cut-off nose; -steði, m. nebbed
-gildi, n. (1) ‘nose-tax’, poll-tax (payable stithy, sharp-pointed anvil.
to the king); (2) a weregild, payable to the negg, n. heart (hjarta heitir n.).
cognates of a person, opp. to ‘bauggildi’. negla (-da, -dr), v. to nail, fasten or
nefgildis-maðr, m. a cognate relative, stud with nails (A. negldi saman útihurð
recipient of ‘nefgildi’; -skattr, m. poll- sína); negldar brynjur, studded mail-
tax. coats.
nef-gjöld, n. pl. weregild, = -gildi (2). nei, adv. no; kveða n. við e-u, to say no
nefl, m. nephew. to; setja þvert n. fyrir e-t, to refuse flatly.
nef-langr, a. long-nosed; -lauss, a. nei-kvæða (-dda, -ddr), v. to refuse (to
noseless; -lítill, a. small-nosed; -ljótr, do a thing).
a. with an ugly nose; -mikill, a. big- neinn, pron. indef., = né einn; (1) any,

386
neisa N nema
following after a negation (aldrei svá, at v. (1) to take, take in use, take possession of
honum væri nein raun í); ekki er þetta (ef þú nemr þér jörð á Íslandi); n. land, to
furða nein, it is no apparition; ekki neins take possession of land, as a settler (hann
staðar, not anywhere; (2) as subst. any nam Eyjafjörð allan); n. konu, to carry
one, anybody; ekki neitt, nothing. off, abduct a woman; n. stað or staðar,
neisa, f. shame, disgrace, = hneisa. stop, halt (hér munum vér stað or staðar
neisa (-ta, -tr), v. to put to shame n.); n. yndi, to find rest in a place (hvárki
(svívirðiliga neistr), = hneisa. nam hann yndi á Íslandi né í Noregi); (2)
neiss, a. ashamed, covered with shame n. e-n e-u, to bereave one of a thing (n. e-
(n. er nøkviðr halr). n höfði, aldri, fjörvi); (3) to reach, touch
neisuligr, a. shameful, insulting (pilzit var svá sítt, at nam hæl); hvárt
(neisulig orð). nam þik eða eigi, did it touch thee or not?
neita (að, or -tta, -tt), v. (1) to deny, þótt þik nótt um nemi, though the night
refuse, absol. or with dat. (hefi ek þar overtake thee; (4) to amount to, be equiva-
góðum gripi neitt); (2) to deny, forsake lent to (honum þótti landauðn n.); (5) as
(hann neitaði guðs nafni). an auxiliary verb, with infin.; hann nam
neitan, neiting, f. denying, denial. at vaxa ok vel dafna, he grew apace and
nekkverr, pron. any (í nekkhverjum throve well; inn nam at ganga, he stepped
hlut), = nakkvarr, nökkurr. in; (6) to percieve, catch, hear, of sound;
nema, conj. (1) except, save, but; þoriga varð þá svá mikit úhljóð, at engi nam an-
ek segja nema þér einum, I dare not tell nars mál, that no one could hear the oth-
any one save thee alone; engi … nema, er’s voice; eigi skulu vér þat mál svá n.,
no … but, no (not any) other than (Grani we shall not understand it so; (7) to learn
vildi undir øngum manni ganga n. Sig- (n. lög, fjölkyngi); to learn by heart (vísur
urði); (2) with subj. unless; engir þóttu þessar námu margir); n. e-t at (or af) e-
lögligir dómar dœmdir, nema hann væri m, to learn, get information, about a thing
við, unless he had a hand in them; (3) save from one (Glúmr hafði numit þenna at-
that; n. ek hálsaða herjans stilli einu sin- burð at þeim manni, er hét Arnór); (8)
ni, save that I once fell on the king’s neck; with preps. and advs.; n. e-t af, to abolish
(4) veit ek eigi n., hverr veit n., I don’t (var sú heiðni af numin sem önnur); n.
know, (who knows) but that; may be, per- brott konu, to carry off a woman; n. eptir
haps (hverr veit n. ek verða víða frægr um e-u, to imitate; n. e-t frá, to except (nema
síðir); (5) því at eins, n., only in the case, konur eða þeir menn, er hann næmi frá);
if; ráðit þér því at eins á þá n. þér séð n. e-t upp, to pick up (nam ek upp rúnar); N
allir sem øruggastir, do not attack them n. við, to resist, make a stand (hann vill
unless you are all most steadfast and daunt- enn við n., þótt liðsmunr væri mikill);
less; (6) n. heldr, but rather (eigi má þat to stop, halt (þar námu þeir Hrafn við í
menn kalla, n. heldr hunda); (7) nor, = nesinu); n. við e-u, to touch (gaddhjaltit
né, hvárki sverð n. øxi, neither sword nor nam við borðinu); to be a hindrance to (ef
axe. þat nemr við förinni, at þú þykkist hafa
nema (nem; nam, námum; numinn), fé of lítit); impers., nemr við e-u, there

387
nenna N niðmyrkr
is an obstacle, or stop (en er þeir kómu at where nets are spread; -næmr, a. that may
kirkjudurum, þá nam þar við); (9) refl., be caught in a net; -þinull, m. net-line,
nemast e-t, to refuse, withhold from doing; edge-rope of a net.
n. förina, to refuse to go; n. orðsendingar neyð, f. distress, = nauð.
hans, to disregard his messages; also with neyða (-dda, -ddr), v. to force, compel
infin. (hann bað hann eigi n. með öllu at (n. e-n til e-s).
gøra sem bœndr vildu). neyta (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) to use, make
nenna (-ta, -t), v. to be minded or in- use of, with gen. (koma num þar, at vér
clined, be willing, feel disposed, with dat. munum þess n.); (2) to consume; n.
or infin. (hann nennti eigi starfi því ok matar, to eat; (3) with acc.; margs kyns
áhyggju); mun ek eigi n. öðru en fara í vápn, má þau vel n. á skipi, they may well
móti þeim, I can no longer forbear going be used in ships; (4) with preps., n. af e-
against them; Hrafn nennti eigi at starfa, u, to eat of it (n. af því opt); n. e-t upp, to
H. did not care to work, was lazy; with consume, waste (þeir er alla peninga sína
subj., ek nenni eigi, at, I cannot bear that neyta upp í ofáti ok ofdrykkju).
(nenni ek eigi, at þat sé mælt, at); n. e- neyti, n. use, profit = not (hafa bæði
m, to attend on one, to grant one’s love to jarðkost fjallanna ok þó n. af sjónum).
one. neyti, n. company (n. hefir sá er nítján
nenning, f. activity, energy. menn fylgja).
nenningar-lauss, a. slothful, lazy; neytingar-vatn, n. water for domestic
-leysi, n. slothfulness, inactivity. use.
neppr, a. (1) overcome, fainting; (2) neytr, a. good, fit for use (vápn þau,
deadly (?). sem neyt eru); of persons, good, useful
nes (gen. pl. nesja), n. ness, headland (Kolbeinn féll ok margir aðrir neytir
(n. mikit gekk í sæ út). menn).
nes-höfði, m. headland; -konungr, neyzla, f. (1) use; (2) nourishment.
m. ‘ness-king’, petty king; -nám, n., nema nezla, f. button-loop.
-nám, to make a ‘ness-raid’; -oddi, m. neztr, a. superl. nethermost, lowest,
point of a ness. undermost; cf. ‘neðri’.
nest, n. travelling provisions. nið, n. pl. the waning moon; the time be-
nes-tangi, m. the point of a ness. fore new moon; Máni stýrir göngu tungls
nest-baggi, m. provision-bag, wallet; ok ræðr nýjum ok niðum, and rules its
-lauss, a. without provisions (nest); waxing and waning.
-lok, n. pl. ‘the end of the provisions’, on- niða-myrkr, n. pitch-darkness;
ly in the phrase, at -lokum, at last, final- -myrkar var á, it was pitch-dark.
ly. niðar, f. pl. = nið.
net (gen. pl. netja), n. net, fishing-net nið-gjöld, n. pl. weregild.
(þeir fara til netja). niðjar, m. pl. ancestors.
netja (að), v. to net, entangle. niðjungr (-s, -ar), m. descendant
netja, f. caul, omentum. (niðr ok n.); cf. ‘áttniðjungr’.
net-lög, n. pl. ‘net-layings’, a place niðmyrkr, n. = niðamyrkr.

388
niðr N níðings-nafn
niðr (-s, pl. niðjar, acc. niði, gen. niðrstigningar-saga, f. the story of
niðja), m. son, kinsman, relative. the descent into hell.
niðr, adv. (1) down (hann féll dauðr n.); niðr-taka, f. pulling down; -varp, n.
setjast n., to sit down; fœra n. korn, to overthrow (með órgurligu -varpi); -víðr,
sow corn; (2) of direction without mo- a. wide beneath.
tion, down, downward (n. ok norðr liggr nifl-, mist, fog, only in compds.;
helvegr). -farinn, pp. gone towards the dark, dead;
niðra (að), v. (1) to put down, lower (n. -heimr, m. the dark home, the abode of
e-m or e-u); (2) to abase, humble. the dead; -hel, f. the lower hell; -vegr,
niðran, f. degradation, shame. m. path of darkness.
niðr-bjúgr, a. bent downward; -brot, nipt, f. female relative, sister (poet.).
n. destruction; -brotari, m. destroyer; nist, n. brooch, pin.
-brotning, f. = -brot. nista (-sta, -str), v. (1) to pin, nail
niðrbrots-maðr, m. destroyer. fast, esp. to pin with a weapon (þá var
niðr-dráttr, m. dragging down; hann skotinn gaflaki í óstinn ok nistr svá
-fall, n. (1) downfall; (2) dropping of a við garðinn); (2) to pierce (with a sword
case (handsala mér -fall at sökinni); (3) or spear).
loss (hann virði sér þat mikit -fall vera, er nisti, n. brooch, pin, = nist.
þá var slíks manns við mist); (4) decay, nisting, f. fastening.
ruin. ní, adv. no, = nei (allir ní kváðu).
niðrfalls-sótt, f. epilepsy. níð, n. (1) contumely, derision (segja e-
niðr-ganga, f., -gangr, m. descent. m n.); (2) libel (yrkja, kveða n. um e-
niðri, adv. (1) down, in a low position; n); (3) insult by carving a person’s like-
undir þiljum n., down in the hull; við sjó ness (tréníð) on an upraised post or pole
n., down at the sea; down, under the sur- (níðstöng).
face of water (konungr fœrði hann þegar níða (-dda, -ddr), v. (1) to libel, lam-
í kaf ok hélt honum n. lengi); below the poon; (2) refl., níðast á e-m, to behave in a
horizon (meðan lönd eru n.); þeir dastardly way to a person (at Noregsmenn
skoðuðu hann uppi ok n., up and down, höfðu níðst á Ólafi konungi); n. á e-u,
all over; (2) undir n., below, down (undir to act basely in a thing (hvárki skal ek á
n. í dalnum); secretly (hann elskaði aðra þessu n. ok á engu öðru því er mér er til
konu undir n.). trúat); n. á trú sinni, to apostatize.
niðri-vist, f. remaining under water. níðingr (-s, -ar), m. villain, scoundrel,
niðr-lag, n. (1) end, conclusion; (2) vile wretch; apostate. N
slaughtering for household use (var þar níðing-skapr, m. villainy, baseness.
betri einn sauðr til -lags en tveir annars níðings-nafn, n. the name of a villain;
staðar); -leitr, a. down-looking, down- bera -nafn, to be called a ‘níðingr’; -orð,
cast; -lok, n. pl. end, conclusion; -setja n. = -nafn; -ráð, n. a villainous plot;
(see setja), v. to put down, suppress; -sök, f. a charge of villainy; -verk, n.
-setning, f. burial; -stiga, f., -stign- dastard’s work, villainy; -víg, n. foul mur-
ing, f. descent. der.

389
níð-reising N norðarri
níð-reising, f. the raising of a pole as thank for that; lítt lætr þú mik n. frænd-
an insult; -samligr, a. mean, villainous; semi frá þér, you let me have little profit
-skár, -skældinn, a. libellous, of a po- of kinship with you; nauzt þú nú þess, at
et; -stöng, f. pole of insult; -virki, n. ek var eigi við búinn, it was your good for-
villainy; -vísa, f. lampoon, insulting verse. tune that I was not ready for you; n. e-s
ní-kvæða (-dda, -ddr), v. to deny. við, to receive help at one’s hands; mun ek
ní-rœðr, a. (1) measuring ninety (fath- yðvar verða við at n., I shall have need of
oms, ells); (2) ninety years old. your help; n. af e-u, to consume (naut vóru
níta (að, or -tta, -ttr), v. to deny, œrin, nutum af stórum); (3) impers., ek-
refuse, with dat. ki nýtr sólar, there is no sun; naut at því
níti-ligr, a. refusable, rejectable. mest hans forellris, at, it was chiefly due
ní-tján, a. nineteen; -tjándi, a. nine- to his forefathers that; þess naut mjök við
teenth; -togandi, a. ninetieth. í Þrándheimi (it helped greatly), at menn
nítta (að), v. = níta. áttu þar mikil forn korn; (4) recipr., njó-
ní-tugr, a. ninety years old. tast, to enjoy each other (Þorveig seiddi til
níu, a. nine (níu eru himnar). þess, at þau skyldi eigi n. mega).
níund, f. body of nine; þrennar níundir njörðr (gen. njarðar, dat. nirði),
meyja, three nines of maids. m. Njord, one of the old Northern gods.
níundi, a. ninth. njörva-sund, n. the Strait of Gibraltar
njarðar-vöttr, m. sponge. (at Njörvasundum).
njarð-láss, m. a charmed lock. norðan, adv. from the north (koma,
njósn (pl. -ir), f. (1) spying, scouting, fara, ríða, sigla n.); vindr var á n., the
looking out (senda mann á n., hafa menn wind blew from the north; n. af Hálogalan-
á njósnum); vera á n., to be on the look- di, from H. in the north; n. at, on the north
out; (2) news (engi n. fór fyrir þeim); gøra side of (G. ok N. stóðu n. at dóminum);
e-m n., to send one intelligence. fyrir n. (with acc.), north of (fyrir n.
njósna (að), v. to spy (vil ek n., hvers heiðina); fyrir n. land, in the north (of
ek verða víss); n. um e-t, to spy after, seek Iceland).
to find out (n. um athafnir e-s). norðan-fjarðar, adv. north of the
njósnar-berg, n. a look-out hill; firth; -lands, adv. in the north; -maðr,
-maðr, m. spy; -skip, n., -skúta, f. spy- m. a man from the north; -stormr, m. a
ing-ship. storm from the north; -veðr, n. wind from
njósnar-för, f. spying journey. the north (þeir tóku -veðr svá hörð, at þá
njóta (nýt; naut, nutum; notit), v. bar suðr í haf); -verðr, a. northern (á
(1) to have the use or benefit of, to enjoy (þú -verðum himins enda); -vindr, m. north
skalt n. kvikfjár þíns ok verða í brottu frá wind.
Helgafelli); skal hann n. draums síns, he norðar-la, -liga, adv. far to the north
shall have his dream out; njót þú heill han- (sú ey liggr -liga fyrir Noregi).
da, good luck go with your hands; (2) to de- norðarr, adv. compar. farther north
rive benefit from, profit by; Egils nauztu at (aldri kom hann n. en í Eyjafjörð).
því, föður þíns, you had your father Egil to norðarri, a. compar. more northerly.

390
norðastr N nykr
norðastr, a. superl. most northerly. = gnógligr, gnógr.
norð-lendingar, m. pl. the men of the nón, n. the time about three o’clock p.
north quarter (of Iceland); -lenzkr, a. m. (B. kvað þá vera nær nóni dags).
from the north (of Iceland). nóna, f. nones, the office for the ninth
norð-maðr, m. Northman; Norwegian hour (gekk þá konungr til nónu).
(Danir ok Norðmenn). nón-heilagr, a. holy from ‘nón’ or
norðr, n. the north; á n., í n., til three o’clock; láta -heilagt, to keep the day
norðrs, northwards (hélt R. konungr n. holy after three o’clock; -helgr, f. none-
með landi); in the north (n. í Þrándhei- holiness; -hringing, f. peal of bells at
mi). nones; -klokka, f. nones-bell; -skeið, n.
norðr-átt, f. = -ætt; -dyrr, f. pl. the hour of nones; -tíðir, f. pl. the office
northern doors; -ferð, f. journey to the at nones.
north; -hallt, adv. in a northerly direc- nót (pl. nœtr), f. pl. large net.
tion; -hálfa, f. the north region, esp. Eu- nótera (að), v. to note, mark.
rope; -land, n. (1) north-land, esp. the nóti, m. (1) mark, token; (2) note (in
north quarter of Iceland; (2) pl., -lönd, music).
the northern countries, esp. Scandinavia; nóti, m. match, equal, = maki, líki.
-ljós, n. pl. northern lights; -sjór, m. nótt (gen. nætr, pl. nætr), f. night, =
the northern arm of the sea; -stúka, f. nátt; at miðri n., of miðja n., about mid-
the north transept of a church; -sveitir, f. night; um nóttina, through the night, dur-
pl. the northern districts; -vegar, m. pl. ing the night; um nóttina áðr, the preced-
northern region; -ætt, f. the north. ing night; í n., tonight (eigi mun hann lá-
norð-rœnn, a. northerly, blowing from ta drepa Egil í n.); the last night (ek ók í
north (þá var á -rœnt, viz. veðr). n. eptir viði); nætr ok daga, both by day
noregr, m. Norway, = Norvegr. and by night; nóttin helga, the holy night,
noregs-konungr, m. king of Norway; Christmas night.
-maðr, m. Norwegian. numinn, pp. from ‘nema’, seized,
norn (pl. -ir), f. (1) one of (three) Fates palsied (allr numinn öðrum megin).
(Urðr, Verðandi, Skuld, who dwelt at the nunna, f. nun; nunnu-klaustr, n.,
well ‘Urðar-brunnr’ and ruled the fate of -setr, n. nunnery; -vígsla, f.; taka
the world); (2) one of various female be- -vígslu, to take the veil.
ings presiding over human fortunes. nú, adv. now (var-at þat nú né í gær); in
norrœna, f. (1) the Norse (Norwegian) a narrative, now, next (nú er þar til máls
tongue; (2) breeze from the north. at taka). N
norrœna (að), to render into Norse. núa (ný, nera, núinn), v. = gnúa.
norrœnn, a. Norse, Norwegian. nú-ligr, a. present (-ligir hlutir).
norrœnnu-bók, f. a book written in núna, adv. now, just now.
Norse; -skáldskapr, m. Norse poetry. nykr (gen. -rs, pl. nykrar), m. (1) a
norvegr, m. Norway, = Noregr. fabulous water-being (mostly appearing in
nóg, í nóg, adv. enough. the shape of a grey horse); (2) the hip-
nóg-ligr, a., nógr, a. ample, abundant popotamus.

391
nyrðri N nýt-menni
nyrðri, a. compar. more northerly. -breytinn, a. changeable; -breytni, f.
nyrztr, a. superl. most northerly. novelty, innovation; -fenni, n. fresh fallen
nyt (pl. nytjar), f. (1) milk (of sheep snow; -gørving, f. novelty, innovation.
and cows); (2) esp. pl., use, advantage; nýjung, f. innovation (landsfólkit var
hón leyfði Vala bróður sínum nytjar í gjarnt á alla n.).
Brekkulandi, use of the land; hafa nytjar ný-liga, adv. newly, recently; -ligr, a.
af e-u, h. nytjar e-s, to derive benefit from (1) new, recent; (2) present; -lunda, f.
(engar nytjar munu menn hafa Hafliða); novelty, a new, strange thing (segja kunnu
koma nytjum á e-t, to bring into use, make vér -lundu nökkura); -lýsi, n. light of the
profitable (víkingar tóku fé þat allt, er waxing moon (sigla um nóttina við -lýsi);
þeir máttu nytjum á koma); fœra sér e- -mæli, n. (1) news, novelty; (2) new law;
t í nyt, to make use of, avail oneself of -næmi, n. novelty, = -lunda (þat varð til
(fœrir Sveinn konungr sér allt í n. þat, -næmis, at); -næmligr, a. novel.
er til virðingar mátti verða); (3) pl. plea- nýr (acc. nýjan), a. (1) new (n. átrú-
sure, enjoyment (Hrafn kvaðst engar nyt- naðr); af nýju, anew, again; næst nýss,
jar hafa Helgu). just recently (þat vann næst nýss niðr
nytja (að), to milk (n. ærnar); nytjast, Ylvinga); (2) fresh (nýtt kjöt, nýir fiskar).
to yield milk (fé nytjaðist illa). nýra (pl. nýru), n. kidney.
nytja-fullr, a. full of profit, highly ný-ráðliga, adv. oddly, queerly.
profitable; -lauss, a. useless; -maðr, m. nýsa (-ta, -t), v. to pry, peer; nýstak
a useful, worthy man. niðr, I peered down; svá nýsisk fróðra
nytjungr (-s, -ar), m. = nytjamaðr. hverr fyrir, thus every wise man looks
nyt-lauss, a. useless; -léttr, a. yield- about him (= nýsir f. h. fyrir sik).
ing little milk; -samligr, a. useful; ný-snævi, n. fresh snow (féll -snævi
-semd, f. use, usefulness. mikit, svá at úgörla sá veguna).
nytsemdar-lauss, a. useless; -maðr, nýta (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) to make use
m. = nytjamaðr (slíkr -maðr sem Ólafr of; ek ætla, at þú nýtir eigi boga minn,
konungr); -verk, n. useful work. thou canst not wield my bow; absol., hann
nyt-semi, f. usefulness, = nytsemd. spurði síðan, hvárt þá mætti svá n., if that
ný, n. the new or waxing moon (ný ok would do (be valid); n. af e-u, to derive
nið skópu nýt regin). benefit (pleasure) from (sjá má, at ekki
ný-, newly, recently, may be prefixed to nýtir þú hér af); eigi munu þit lengr n.
almost every ppl.; -alinn, -borinn, hvárt af öðru, enjoy each other; (2) to eat,
new-born; -andaðr, -dáinn, newly dead; consume (n. svín); (3) fig., to bear, endure
-farinn, having newly gone; -fenginn, (hvárgi þóttist n. mega, at þeir væri eigi á
just recovered; -kominn, just come; samt); (4) refl., nýtast, to be of use, avail;
-orðinn, having just happened; hafði þetta verk má eigi n., it will not succeed,
hann -skilist við Túnbergs menn, he had it is in vain.
newly parted from them; -vaknaðr, newly nýtandi, pr. p. fit to be used; n. menn
wakened. = nýtir menn.
ný-breytiligr, a. unusual, strange; nýt-menni, n. = nytjamaðr.

392
nýtr N næstum
nýtr, a. fit, usable, useful (n. til verks); near about one’s person; (2) troublesome,
engu (til einskis) n., good for nothing; at importunate; -hendis, adv. near at hand.
engu nýtu, to no use; of persons, able næri, adv. near, = nærri.
(enn nýtasti fardrengr). næri-kominn, pp. entitled to; -kona,
ný-tungl, n. new moon; -virki, n. f. mid-wife; -kváma, f. coming near;
marks of new work, of human hands. -kvæmr, a. (1) coming near to, close; (2)
næfr (pl. -rar), f. bark of the birch. that concerns a person (þetta mál er mér
næfra-baggi, m. pack, bundle of birch miklu nauðsynligra ok -kvæmara);
bark; -maðr, m. a person clad in birch- -kœmr, a. accurate.
bark; -stúka, f. sleeve of birch-bark. nærr, adv. compar. nearer, answering
næma (-da, -dr), v. to bereave, deprive to ‘nær’, near.
of (n. e-n e-u, lífi, fjörvi). nærri, adv. near, nearer, = nær.
næmi, n. study, learning. nærri, a. compar. (answering to su-
næm-leikr, m. quickness to learn. perl. ‘næstr’), nearer; more entitled to
næmr, a. (1) quick at learning; (2) de- (þótt þær sé n. arfi).
prived of (= næmdr e-u). nær-spár, a. prophesying true; -sýnn,
nær, adv. and prep. with dat. (1) near, a. short-sighted; -vera, f. presence; -ve-
in the vicinity (of); n. eða fjarri, near or randi, pr. p. present.
far; n. staddr, present; brautu n., near the næst, adv. superl. (1) nearest, next; n.
road; n. því sem, neara the place where Skotlandi, nearest to Scotland; því n.,
(þar í nesinu, n. því sem þingit hafði ver- þessu n., þar n., next to that, thereafter,
it); þar n., in the vicinity (sveinarnir hlau- thereupon; (2) last (er nú úhœgra en n. þá
pa til skógar, er þar var n.); (2) towards, er ek beidda); (3) nearest the truth (vil ek,
of time (n. aptni, morni); (3) nearly; n. at þér reynit, hverir munu n. sét hafa).
átta tigir manna or n. átta tigum manna, næsta, adv. (1) nearly, almost (urðu
nearly eighty men; þar kómu menn af n. göngumenn n. at gjalti); (2) rather, very
öllum löndum, almost from all countries; (n. gamall, glaðr).
n. viku munu við dveljast, we shall stay næsta, f. the last time, only in dat. with
nearly a week; (4) in accordance with, in the art., næstunni.
conformity to (n. ætla ek þat lögum Íra); næsta-brœðra, f. a female second
(5) near the truth (máttu nú n. gæta, hvar cousin; -brœðri, -brœðrungr, m. a
beina okkarra er at leita); (6) compar., male second cousin.
nearer = nærr (ver eigi n. honum en mál næstr, a. superl. (1) next; Hrútr sat hit
nemi); fitter (væri n. miklu, at); (7) adv., næsta honum, sat next him; tók Hrafn N
when, = hve n. (n. skal mér þat ömbuna? lögsögu n. Úlfljóti, next after U.; hinn
sagði B.); B. spurði, n. þeir mundu aptr næsta vetr, the next winter; (2) next pre-
koma, when they would be coming back. ceding (hann hafði sekr orðit it næsta
nærgi, adv., n. er, n. sem, whensoever sumar); næsta sinni, the last time; (3)
(n. er launat verðr). nearest in point of right or title, best enti-
nær-gætr, a. guessing near the truth; tled to (vér erum næstir sigrinum).
-göngull, a. (1) vera -göngull e-m, to be næstum, adv. next before, the last time

393
nætr- N nös
(svá skildum vér n.). í lífgjöf þinni); hann spurði, ef þar væri
nætr-, gen. from ‘nátt’, ‘nótt’; -ból, n. n. manna, he asked if there were any men
= náttból; -elding, f. dawn; -ferðir, f. there; nökkurs til þungr, somewhat
pl. night wanderings; -friðr, m. peace, (rather) too heavy; svá nökkuru (nökkvi)
truce during the night; -gestr, m. night- about; svá nökkuru mun yðvar leita farit
guest; -gisting, f. night-lodging; lengi, about so long will they seek you;
-greiðing, f. = -greiði; -langt, adv. nökkuru fyrir dag, a while before day-
during one night; -ligr, a. nocturnal; light; (3) some, a certain; maðr n., a cer-
-skemtan, f. night-enjoyment; -vist, f. tain man; um dag nökkurn, a certain day;
night-quarters (þau báðu sér þar -vistar). nökkura hríð, nökkurt (nakkvart) skeið,
-nættr, a., in compds., as ‘einnætr’. for some time; (4) the plur. added to a nu-
nœfr, a. clever, skilled. meral, about, some (nökkur sex skip eða
nœgð, f. plenty, abundance. sjau; nökkurum tveim sinnum eða þrim).
nœgja (-ði, -t), v. to be enough, suffice; nökkut, adv. (1) somewhat, in some de-
impers., e-m nœgir, it is sufficient for one; gree, rather (þó at hann þœtti n.
refl., nœgjast, to suffice (nœgðist honum blandinn); henni var skapþungt n.
eigi allr heimr). (nakkvat), she was rather depressed in
nœra (-ða, -ðr), v. to nourish, refresh; spirit; nú hefi ek n. hugsat málit, now I
refl., nœrast, to assume fresh vigour, re- have thought over the matter somewhat; (2)
cover, rally (nœrðist hón svá sem frá leið). at all, to any extent (vill þú n. sonu þína
nœring, f. nourishment, food, suste- við láta vera?).
nance (líkams nœring). nökkva-maðr, m. a man who rows a
nöf (gen. nafar, pl. nafar and ‘nökkvi’.
nafir), f. (1) nave of a wheel; (2) the pole nökkverr, pron. = nökkurr.
of the world; (3) esp. pl. clasps, rings (by nökkvi, m. boat, skip (hafð þá Hymir út
which the projecting ends of beams at skotit nökkvanum).
the corneres of walls were held togeth- nökkvi, some, old neut. dat. from
er). ‘nökkurr’ = nökkuru; esp. somewhat (n.
nökkur, adv. somewhere, anywhere. lengra, n. síðarr).
nökkurnig (= nökkurn veginn), adv. nøktr, nøkviðr (acc. nøktan,
in some way. nøkþan), a. naked.
nökkurr, indef. pron. (1) any, anybody nös (gen. nasar, pl. nasar and
(fyrst vill hann spyrja, ef n. er fróðr maðr nasir), f. nostril, esp. pl. nostrils, nose;
inni); after a negative (á øngum bœ bregða e-u fyrir nasar e-m, to put it before
fannst n. maðr); (2) opp. to ‘engi’, some one’s nose; draga nasir at e-u, to snuff,
(þeir fengu nökkura njósn af ferð smell at a thing; stinga nösum niðr, to fall
Ástríðar); neut., nökkut, something, upon one’s face, bite the dust; lúka nösum,
somewhat, anything (ef þér þykkir n. veitt to shut the nostrils, die.

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obláta ofan-fall

O
mead.
of, n. (1) great quantity, number; of fjár,
immensity of wealth; of liðs, a vast host
of men; (2) excess; við of, to excess; þótti
hirðmönnum hans við of, they thought it
was beyond measure; (3) pride, conceit
(kirkjan verðr eigi svá mikil, at þar muni
of þitt allt í liggja).
obláta, f. sacramental wafer. of, adv. (1) with adjectives and adverbs;
odda-maðr, m. overman (who gives the too; of gamall, ungr, langr, stuttr, too old,
casting vote); umpire. young, long, short; of mjök, too much; of
odd-hagr, a. skilled in wood-carving; lengi, too long; (2) with the neuter of a
-hending, f. the first rhyming syllable, past part. over-much, too much; hafa of
when at the beginning of a line; -hvass, a. drukkit, to have drunk too much; hafa of
sharp-pointed. gört, to have transgressed; hafa of mælt,
oddi, m. (1) triangle, point of land; (2) to have said too much; hafa of tekið við e-
odd number; fig., standast (skerast) í od- n, to have gone too far.
da, to be at odds, at variance. ofan, adv. (1) from above, down, down-
oddr (-s, -ar), m. (1) point of a weapon; wards; falla o., to fall down; taka o. húsin,
með oddi ok eggju, with point and edge, at to pull down the house; (2) on the upper-
the sword’s point, by force (heimta, eyða e- most part, at the top (klettrinn var víðr
t með oddi ok eggju); brjóta odd af oflæti o.); (3) above the surface of, with gen. (o.
sínu, to break the point of one’s pride, to jarðar); (4) with preps., o. af, down from
humble oneself; (2) spear (fölvir oddar); (o. af landi); o. á or o., down upon (leggr
(3) spur (þótt vér jói óra oddum keyrum); Refr á hann o. aptr klæðin, ok þar leggst
(4) leader (hann var o. ok œsir fyrir þes- Álfdís o. á klæðin); besides (á þetta o.
sum úráðum); (5) the front (hann hafði allt gerði hann suðr at oss þrettán skú-
yxnum skipat í odd á liði sínu). tur); þola hverja skömm á aðra o., to bear
odd-viti, m. leader, chief (-viti liðs-ins, one disgrace after another; o. á or á o., to
fyrir liðinu). boot, into the bargain, = þar á o.; o. eptir,
of, prep. (1) with dat. and acc., over = down along (reið hann þá o. eptir dal); o.
yfir (fara of fjöll; sitja of borði); of time, frá, below (var verkr í enni hœgri kinn o.
= um; of haust or of haustum, in the au- frá auganu); o. fyrir, down over (hann féll
tumn; of aptaninn, in the evening; of hríð, dauðr o. fyrir klettinn); fyrir ofan, above
for a while; of allt, always; (2) with acc. (arfasáta, er hér stendr fyrir o. húsin);
of, about (bera vitni of e-t); (3) in a casual steinveggr var fyrir o., above, higher up.
sense, poet.; of sanna sök, for a just ofan-fall, n. (1) downfall; (2) down-
cause, justly. pour of rain (var veðrátta ill ok -föll);
O

of, an enclitic particle, chiefly placed -för, -ganga, f. descending, descent;

395
ofan-verðr O ofra
ofan-verðr, a. (1) the upper, upper- hins heilaga Ólafs).
most, opp. to ‘neðanverðr’; hann hjó í offra (að), v. (1) to make an offering,
-verðan skjöldinn, in the uppermost part sacrifice (o. e-m e-t); (2) to make a gift, to
of the shield; á -verðu fjallinu, on the top present; o. e-m e-u (hann offraði miklu fé
of the mountain; breiðr at -verðu, broad til grafar drottins).
at the top; (2) of time, in the later part of of-framsœkni, f. over-temptation;
a period, opp. to ‘öndverðr’; -verða nótt, -fylli, f. surfeit, gluttony; -gangr, m.
towards the end of the night, late in the excess; ganga ofgangi (-göngum) yfir e-
night; á -verðum dögum Haralds, in the n, to tyrannize; -gangsi, a. over-prevail-
later part of the reign of King Harold. ing; -gœðakostr, m. great advantage;
ofar-la, -liga, adv. (1) high up, in the -harmr, m. excessive grief; -hiti, m. ex-
upper part (-liga í dalnum); þeim mun í cessive heat; -hlátr, m. immoderate
brún bregða ok -liga klæja, they will make laughter; -jarl, m. ‘over-earl’, over-match
a wry face and their pates will tingle; fig., (verða mér sumir ofjarlar hér í heraðinu);
bíta e-m -la, to bite one sharply; (2) of -kapp, n. stubbornness; -kátr, a. over-
time, towards the end of a certain period; bearing, wanton; -kerski, f. excessive
-liga á dögum Ólafs konungs, in the later petulance; -kvæni, n. domineering of a
part of the reign of King Olaf (= á ofan- wife; -kæti, f. wantonness; -láti, m. a
verðum dögum). vain, showy person; -látligr, a. showy;
ofarr, adv. compar. (1) higher up (an- -léttliga, adv. promptly; -léttr, a.
nat augat mun o. en annat); fig., lát eigi prompt, easy, ready; -leyfingi, m. a per-
o. koma þessa fólsku, let not this nonsense son made too much of; -lið, n. = ofrlið;
go farther; (2) later, move advanced in -ljótr, a. hideous; -læti, n. arrogance;
time; (3) o. meirr = ofarr; ofarst, adv. -maðr, m. over-match; vera e-m ofmaðr,
superl. highest, uppermost. to be more than a match for; -magn, n. =
of-át, n. over-eating, gluttony; -beldi, oflið; bera e-n ofmagni, to overpower.
n. violence, overbearing; -bræði, f. pas- ofmetnaðar-fullr, a. full of pride;
sion, rashness; -dirfð, f. foolhardiness, -maðr, m. overproud man; -samligr, a.
impudence. arrogant (-samlig orð).
ofdirfðar-fullr, -samr, a. fool- of-metnaðr, m. pride, arrogance;
hardy, impudent. -metnast (að), v. to pride oneself;
of-dramb, n. arrogance, conceit. -munúð, f. sensuality; -mælgi, f. exces-
ofdrambs-fullr, a. arrogant. sive loquacity; -mæli, n. exaggeration (er
of-drykkja, f. indulgence in drink. þat ok ekki ofmæli, at).
ofdrykkju-maðr, m. drunkard. ofn (-s, -ar), m. oven, furnace.
of-dul, f. too great conceit; -dulinn, a. of-neyzla, f. intemperance.
self-conceited; -dyri, n. ‘over-door’, lintel; ofn-grjót, n. oven-stones; -reykr, m.
-fari, a. having gone too far; verða offari smoke from an oven.
við e-n, to transgress against one; -fors, ofra (að), v. (1) to brandish, wave in the
n. presumption. air, with dat. (o. vápnum sínum); (2) to
offr, n. offering (fórnir eða offr; offr raise, lift (o. líkam hins helga Ólafs); þe-

396
ofraðar-maðr O of-stopi
gar er sólu var ofrat, as soon as the sun of-ríki, n. overbearing, tyranny.
had risen; o. sér, to raise the head, appear ofríkis-maðr, m. overbearing man.
(líðr þá eigi langt áðr gömul úhlýðni ofrar ofr-kapp, n. excessive zeal, stubborn-
sér); (3) refl., ofrast, to become known ness (verja mál með -kappi).
(Guðmundr vildi eigi þat o. láta); to pride ofrkapps-fullr, a. overbearing;
oneself (af e-u). -maðr, m. overbearing man.
ofraðar-maðr, m. a notable man; ofr-kuldi, m. excessive cold; -lengi,
-rangr, a. exceedingly perverse; -synd, adv. very long; -lið, n. overwhelming
f. pride, presumption; -vel, exceedingly force; bera e-n ofrliði, to overpower;
well; -þrekmaðr, m. an exceeding strong -liga, adv. exceedingly (ofrliga fagr);
(courageous) man. -ligr, a. excessive; -menni, n. mighty
ofraðr (gen. -ar), m. notification, dis- champion; -mikill, a. very great; -mæl-
closure; bera e-t á ofrað, to make known, gi, f. great babbling or vaunting; -mæli,
divulge. n. = yrði; -skjótt, adv. very soon;
ofr-afl, n. = ofrefli, ofríki. -verkr, m. violent ache or pain; -yrða
ofran, f. pride, self-assumption. (-ða, -ðr), v. to address in big words;
ofr-ást, f. passionate love. -yrði, n. high words; -þraut, f. hard tri-
of-raun, f. too great a trial, too severe a al; -þungi, m. crushing weight; -ölvi, a.
test; -rausn, f. presumption; -ráð, n. (1) having over-drunk, the worse for drink.
too great a task (þótti honum þetta ofráð ofsa (að), v. to puff oneself up, be ar-
vera); (2) too high a match (Þorsteinn rogant (o. sér til vansa); refl., ofsast, to
kvað sér þat ofráð). grow unruly (Jupiter þótti fólkit ofsast).
ofr-dýrr, a. over-dear; -efli, n. (1) ofsa-harðr, a. extremely hard, severe
overwhelming force (þessi maðr brýzt í (-hörð veðr); -maðr, m. overbearing man;
móti miklu ofrefli); (2) Oddr kvað sér -mikill, a. excessively great.
þat eigi ofrefli, O. said it was not beyond ofsi, m. overbearing, tyranny.
his strength; (3) excess, immensity (ofrefli of-sjónir, f. pl., sjá ofsjónum yfir e-u,
frosts ok kulda). to look down upon, despise (sér þú nú of-
ofreflis-maðr, m. powerful man. sjónum yfir flestum bústöðum).
of-refsan, f. too great severity in pun- ofskaps-maðr, m. proud man.
ishing; -rembingr, m. arrogant person; of-skemtan, f. excessive pleasure;
-reyna (-da, -dr), v. to put to too severe a -skvaldr, n. excess of talking; -skynja,
test; ofreyna sik, to overstrain oneself. a. indecl. looking down upon (vera e-m of-
ofr-fé, n. immensity of goods; -fjöldi, skynja); -sókn, f. persecution.
m. immense host; -gangr, m. = ofgangr; ofstopa-maðr, m. overbearing man.
-garpr, m. overdaring man; -gjold, n. of-stopi, m. overbearing arrogance;
pl. dire retribution; -harmr, m. over- -stýri, n. unmanageable thing; -stœki,
whelming sorrow; -hefnd, f. fearful n. ferocity, vehemence; -stœri, n. haugh-
O

vengeance; -hiti, m. excessive heat; -hu- tiness, pride; -sœkja (see sœkja), v. to
gi, m. (1) a fearless, daring man; (2) = persecute; -sœkjandi, m. persecutor;
-hugr; -hugr, m. dauntless courage. -sögn, f. exaggeration; -sögur, f. pl. ex-

397
ok O orð
aggeration; eigi má ofsögum segja frá treme unction to.
vitsmunum þínum, your intelligence can- olean, f. extreme unction.
not be too highly praised; -tekja, f. taking olifa, f., olifu-tré, n. olive-tree.
too much to oneself; -tign, f. too great oman, n. boss on a sword.
honour; -vald, n. = -ríki; -veðr, n. = opa (að), v. to retreat, go back (also, opa
-viðri; -verkr, m. excessive pain; -viðri, undan, á hæl). Cf. ‘hopa’.
n. violent gale; -vilnan, f. conceit, pre- opin-bera (að), v. to manifest, reveal;
sumption; -virðing, f. too great honour; -berliga, adv. openly, in public; -berli-
-vægiligr, -vægr, a. immense, over- gr, -berr, a. manifest, public; -eygðr,
whelming; -væni, n. anxious expectation; -eygr, a. open-eyed; -mynntr, a. open-
-þrá, f. immoderate lust; -þögli, f. stub- mouthed.
born silence. opinn, a. (1) open (o. nummr, opin
ok, conj. (1) and; bæði … ok, both … hurð, opit lopt); koma e-m í opna skjöl-
and (b. er hann vitr ok framgjarn); (2) in du, to take one in the rear; (2) resupine, on
comparison, as, and; sami maðr ok áðr, the back, opp. to ‘á grúfu’ (hann lét bin-
the same man as before; nú fór Svíum allt da hann o. á slá eina); (3) open, undecided
á eina leið ok Dönum, it went with the (E. segir eigi sið, at mál stœði opin).
Swedes in the same way as with the Danes; opin-spjallr, a. outspoken, free-spoken
þat er mjök sundrleitt (úlíkt) ok krist- (var S. óðlátr ok -spjallr).
nir menn gøra, it differs much from what opna (að), v. to open (hann lét o. haug-
Christians do; (3) of an adversative char- inn); refl., opnast, to be opened.
acter, and yet, but (hann var særðr mör- opna, f. opening, crater.
gum sárum ok engum stórum); (4) in- opt, adv. often, frequently; compar., op-
troducing the apodosis, then = þá; esp. tarr, oftener; superl., optast, oftenest,
in the old laws; ef sá maðr (etc.) …, ok most frequently.
verðr hann útlagr, then he shall pay; (5) opt-leiki, m. frequency; -liga, adv. of-
used for the relative particle ‘er’; at höllu ten, frequently; -ligr, a. frequent; -sam-
hann kom ok átti Íms faðir, which be- ligr, a. frequent; -sinnis, adv. many
longed to Im’s father; Geirröðr konungr times; -sinnis, -sinnum, adv. oftentimes.
átti þá son, ok hét Agnarr, who was called orð, n. (1) word; ef maðr mælir nökku-
A.; (6) also (hann heyrir ok þat, er gras ru orði í mót, if a man speaks a word
vex á jörðu). against it; segja í sínu orði hvárt, to say
ok, n. yoke; domination. one thing in one breath and another in the
oka (að), v. to bring under the yoke, to next; taka til orða, to begin to speak;
subjugate. kveða at orði, to say, utter; hafa við o.,
okaðr, pp. joined by a cross-piece. to hint at; vel orði farinn, well-spoken,
oki, m. cross-piece (cf. ‘hurðar-oki’). eloquent; fornkveðit o., an old saw; (2)
okkarr, poss. pron. our, in dual; hvár- word, repute, report (gott, illt o.); fyrir
rgi o., neither of us two. orðs sakir, because of what people might
okr, n. usury; -karl, m. usurer. say; leggja e-t til orðs, to talk about; þótt
olea (að), v. to anoint, administer ex- okkr sé þat til orðs lagit, although we are

398
orða O orð-stórr
blamed for it; (3) message (senda, gøra e- position); (2) flow of words, eloquence;
m o.). -fœrliga, adv. glibly; -fœerr, a. well-
orða (að), v. to talk of (var þetta brátt spoken, eloquent; -gífr, n. termagant;
orðat, at O. fífldi Sigrídi). -gnótt, f. flow of words; -góðr, a. speak-
orða-ákast, n. altercation; -dráttr, ing well of everybody; -gætinn, a. wary in
m. (1) talk (illr -dráttr); (2) drawling; one’s words, reserved; -hagr, a. skilled in
-framburðr, m. utterance; -framkast, the use of words; -hákr, m. abusive per-
n. chance proposal; -fullting, n. speak- son; -hegi, f. skill in words; -heill, f. (1)
ing well for one; -glœsur, f. pl. showy good omen; (2) report (eigi hafa þau góða
words; -grein, f. phrase; -hagr, a. -heill); -hittinn, a. facetious; -hvass,
skilled, expert in words; -hald, n. keeping a. sharp-tongued; -igr, a. wordy, copious;
one’s word; -heimtingar, -hendingar, -illr, a. speaking evil of others; -kringi,
f. pl. bandying words; -hjaldr, m. ver- f. glibness of tongue; -krókar, m. pl.
biage; -hnippingar, f. pl. altercations; sophistry; -lag, n. (1) way of speaking,
-lag, n. manner of speaking, expression; talk, language; (2) report (afla sér góðs
-lauss, a. wordless; láta -laust, to be -lags); -lauss, a. wordless; láta -laust, to
silent; -leiðing, f. pronunciation; be silent about; -lof, n. praise (vinsæld
-lengd, f. length of a verse; -maðr, m. ok -lof); -margr, a. long-winded; -nœfr,
eloquent man; -samr, a. wordy, long- a. witty; -rammr, a. powerful in words;
winded; -semi, f. verbiage, loquacity; -rómr, m. report, public opinion (sá
-skak, n. scolding; -skil, n. pl. distinc- -rómr lagðist á); -rœða, f. talk, discus-
tion of words (ekki nam -skil); -skipan, sion; bar saman -rœðu þeirra jarls ok
f. the order of words; -skipti, n. pl. ex- Finnboga, the earl and F. had an inter-
change of words (eiga -skipti við e-n); view; -rœða (-dda, -ddr), v. to talk of;
-skrap, -skrum, n. bragging; -snild, f. -sending, f. message; -sjúkr, a. ‘word-
eloquence; -staðr, m., gørðu Svíar þá sick’, touchy; -skár, a. = -havss; -skrípi,
kurr mikinn ok mælti hverr í -stað an- skræpi, -skrök, n. objectionable lan-
nars, all spoke at once (or in one way?); guage.
-sveimr, m. rumour; -tiltekja, f. ut- orðs-kviðr, m. (1) proverb, saw; (2) re-
terance, language; -tœki, n., -tœkja, f., port (huggast við góðan -kvið).
-tök, n. pl. mode of expression. orð-slunginn, -slœgr, a. cunning in
orð-bæginn, a. taunting; -djarfr, a. words; -snild, -snilli, f. eloquence; -sn-
outspoken; -fall, n., e-m verðr -fall, one jallr, a. eloquent; -spakr, a. wise-spo-
is struck dumb; -farinn, a., vel-farinn, ken; -speki, f. wisdom in words; -stef,
eloquent; -fár, a. using few words; -fer- n. notice, mention; hafa e-n í -stefi, to
li, n. expression, utterance; -fimi, f. skill speak of one; -stiltr, a. moderate in one’s
in words; -fimr, a. of easy, flowing speech; words.
-fjöldi, m. supply of words (heyja sér orðs-tírr, m. fame, renown, good re-
O

-fjölda); -flaug, f. floating rumour; port (falla við góðan orðstír).

399
orðvarps-maðr O orrosta
a. enjoying a good reputation; -tak, n. (1) til veizlu); o. á, to begin; orkum ekki á
phrase, expression (þat er -tak, at sá er fyrri, let us not be the first to attack; (4)
týhraustr); (2) watchword (þá skulu vér refl., orkast at e-u, to exert oneself in a
hafa allir eitt -tak: fram, fram Krist- thing; to set about doing something (hver-
menn); (3) speech, words, way of speaking; su hann skyldi at o. at segja föður sínum
þá fellust öllum Ásum -tök, words failed þessi tíðendi); o. hugar á at gøra e-t, to
them, they were struck dumb; þat var eitt make up one’s mind to do a thing; honum
-tak allra, all said the same; Gunnarr þótti seint á o., he thougth it went slowly.
heyrði öll -tökin, G. heard every word they orka, f. (1) strength, power for work
said; hafa -tak við e-n, to have a talk with (orkan þvarr, því at ellin sótti á hendr
one; -tœki, n. = -tak; -vandr, a. sensi- honum); (2) work.
tive (particular) as to other’s words (þarft orkn, n. a kind of seal; cf. ‘örkn’.
þú eigi svá -vönd at vera). orkn-eyjar, f. pl., the Orkneys.
orðvarps-maðr, m. spokesman. orku-fátt, a. n. failing in strength
orð-varr, a. watchful of one’s tongue, (honum varð orkufátt); -maðr, m.
discreet; -víss, a. witty, clever. labourer; -vana, a. indecl. bereft or desti-
orf, n. scythe-handle, snath. tute of strength.
organ, n. organ. or-lof, n. permission, leave (ek vil
organs-list, f. art of organ-playing; beiðast, herra! at þér gefir mér orlof at
-meistari, m. organist; organ-builder. fara til Íslands); orlof til brottferðar,
orka (að), v. (1) to be able to do; önnur leave to depart.
vann allt þat, er hón orkaði, the other orlofa (að), v. to allow.
worked all that she could; with da., þó orlofs-bréf, n. writ of permission;
hyggst hann einn munu öllu o., yet he -laust, a. n. without leave.
thinks he can do everything himself; allt orma-bœli, n. abode of snakes;
þat lið, er vápnum mátti o., all those who -garðr, m. snake-pen; -látr, n. = orma-
could wield weapons; (2) with gen. of the bæli.
thing, o. e-m e-s, to cause, effect; mér orm-beðr, m. poet. snake’s lair;
orkar þat margra vandræða, it causes me -beðseldr, gold; -garðr, m. = orma-
much trouble; þetta mun o. tíðenda, this garðr (G. lét hann kasta í ormgarð);
will give something to speak about; allt -ligr, a. fig. sly, cunning.
orkar tvímælis þá er gört er, there are two ormr (-s, -ar), m. snake, serpent.
sides to everything that is done; impers., orms-bit, n. snake-bite; -tunga, f.
jafnan orkar tvímælis, þó at hefnt sé; (3) snake’s tongue, a nickname.
with preps., o. at e-u, to act, proceed with, orna (að), v. (1) to warm; o. sér, to
do; þeir rœða nú um með sér, hversu at warm oneself (lát hann o. sér ok fari síðan
skal o., what is to be done; o. á e-t, to work til sels); impers., ornar e-m, one gets
on, have effect on (var þat þó lengi, at eigi warm; (2) to get warm (svá tekr brunnrinn
orkaði eldr á Þórólf); hann mátti engu á at o.).
o., he could do nothing; o. orða á e-n, to orri, m. heathcock.
make one speak; o. til e-s, to prepare (o. orrosta, f. battle.

400
orrostu-laust O oxi
orrostu-laust, adv. without battle; ostra, f. oyster.
-lok, n. pl. issue, end of a battle; -maðr, ota (að), v. to push, with dat.; o. sér
m. warrior; -slög, n. pl. battles; -staðr, fram, to thrust oneself forward (Þórir otar
m. battle-place. sér fram milli manna).
oss-, poss. pron. our, = várr (at vilja os- otr (gen. otrs, pl. otrar), m. otter.
sum, í hendr ossar, etc.). otr-belgr, m. otter-skin; -gjöld, n.
ost-hleifr, m. a cheese; -hlutr, m. pl., poet. gold; -hundr, m. otter-hound.
slice of cheese; -kista, f. cheese-press. oxa-höfuð, n. head of an ox.
ostr (-s, -ar), m. cheese. oxi (pl. øxn), m. ox = uxi.

401
ó- ógnar-boð

Ó
óðr (óð, ótt), a. (1) mad, frantic; ó.
maðr, madman; (2) furious, vehement, ea-
ger (váru þeir synir Ósvífrs óðastir á þet-
ta mál); e-m er ótt, one is eager, impatient
(hann kallaði sér þó ótt um ferðina); ótt,
as adv. vehemently (þeir reiddu ótt
sverðin ok hjuggu títt); Flosi fór at engu
óðara en hann væri heima, Flosi behaved
ó-, the negative prefix un-. See ‘ú-’. as calmly as if he were at home.
ó, interj. oh! (ó! góðir menn!) óðr, m. (1) mind, feeling; (2) song, poet-
óast (að), v. refl. to dread, fear, be ry; óðar smiðr, poet.
afraid (óumk ek aldrigi). óðum, adv. rapidly, = ótt; see the adj.
óða-far, n. hurry (í -fari). ‘óðr’.
óðal (pl. óðul), n. ancestral property, óð-viðri, n. violent gale, = ofviðri;
patrimony, inheritance (in land); family -virki, a. frantic with pain (-virki af bein-
homestead; native place; flýja óðul sín, to verkjum).
abandon one’s home, go into exile. ó-freski, f. second sight.
óðal-borinn, pp. (1) born possessor of ó-freskr, a. endowed with second sight,
an ‘óðal’; (2) entitled to (til e-s) by birth; able to see supernatural beings.
-jörð, f. native country. ófrýn-liga, adv., -ligr, a., see ‘úfrýn-
óðals-borinn, pp. = óðalborinn; liga, úfrýn-ligr’.
-jörð, f. = óðaljörð; -maðr, m. allodial ógn, f. (1) dread, terror; stendr ó. af e-
owner; sannr -maðr til Noregs, rightful m, one inspires terror (þótti honum lítil
heir of Norway. ó. af þeim standa); (2) esp. pl. ‘ógnir’,
óðal-torfa, f. patrimony, heritage. threats, menaces (með bliðmælum ok
óða-stormr, m. violent gale; ógnum); (3) gen. ógnar-, prefixed as adv.
-straumr, m. violent current; -veðr, n. awfully (ógnar-breiðr, -digr, -mikill).
= -stormr; -verkr, m. violent pain. ógn, f. poet. river; ógnar ljómi, gold.
óð-fluga, a. indecl. with violent speed; ógna (að), v. (1) to threaten, with dat.
-fúsi, -fúss, a. madly eager. (þér hafit öðrum ógnat); with double
óð-indæla, f. embarrassment, trouble; dat., ó. e-m e-u, to threaten one with a
-indæll, a. unmanageable, difficult to thing (eldrinn ógnaði bráðum bruna allri
deal with. hans eign); (2) refl., ógnast e-t, to fear,
óðinn (dat. óðni), m. Odin. stand aghast at a thing.
óðins-dagr, m. Wednesday. ógnan, f. threatening, menaces.
óðlast (að), v. refl. to get possession of, ógnar-boð, n. dreadful message;
see ‘öðlast’. -erendt, n. = -boð; -geisli, m. dreadful
óð-látr, a. headstrong, impatient; ray; -hlutir, m. formidable thing;
-liga, a. vehemently, impatiently; -lun- -laust, adv. without terror; -ligr, a. aw-
daðr, a. rash, headstrong; -málugr, a. ful, terrible; -mál, n. pl. menacing words;
speaking violently, excited. -orð, n. pl. menacing words; -raust, f.

402
ógn-hvatr Ó óska-byrr
dreadful voice. í burtu farinn); (7) absol., hann skar ór
ógn-hvatr, a. brave in danger. spjótit, he cut the spear clean through.

Ó
ógur-leikr, m. awfulness; -liga, adv. óra (-ða), v. to rave, wrangle (órir gestr
awfully; -ligr, a. awful, terrible. við gest).
ól (pl. -ar), strap, = ál. óra-ferb, f. mad undertaking; -maðr,
ólafs-messa, -vaka, f. St. Olaf’s day m. madman; -mál, n. mad talk.
(July 29 or Aug. 3). órar, f. or m. pl. (1) fits of madness,
ólga, f. swell, swelling (sævar ó.). craziness (hón bar eigi óra í augum); hann
ólm-liga, adv. furiously, savagely; gørði sér órar, he feigned insanity; (2) wild
-ligr, a. = ólmr. fancies (órar þær, er sjá maðr ferr með).
ólmr, a. savage, furious (ó. hundr). ór-bjarga, a. indecl. helpess, = ørbjar-
ólpa, f. a kind of outer cloak. ga; -dauðr, a. extinct, quite dead; -fœri,
ólpu-maðr, m. a cloaked man. n. expedient, choice (hann sá ekki -fœri
ómun, f. sound, voice (heitir ok rödd sitt annat); -hóf, n. = -óf; -kola, a. in-
ó.); ó. þverr, my voice fails me. decl. = ørkola; -kosta, f. means, supplies
ón, f. = ván (ón es þess engi). (deyja frá allri-kostu); -kostr, m. means,
óp, n. (1) shout, shouting, crying (þá varð resources; -lausn, f. (1) answer, reply, so-
óp mikit at lögbergi ok úhljóð); (2) weep- lution (engi spyrr þeirra hluta, er eigi
ing, crying (sló síðan ópi á barnit). kann hann -lausn); -lausn allra
ór, prep. with dat. (1) out of, from; spurninga, solution of all questions; (2) re-
tekinn ór jörðu, taken out of the earth; lease from a difficulty, help; -lauss, a.
vakna ór svefni, to wake out of sleep; Ís- free, disengaged; -lof, n., see ‘orlof’;
land bygðist ór Noregi, from Norway; ór -óf, n. = -hóf, immense quantity, count-
Mön, from the Isle of Man; er þá bar ór less number (-óf lausafjár); -ófi vetra áðr
hafi, from the sea; spyrja ór kaupstefnu, væri jörð sköpuð, numberless winters ere
to ask news from the market; hús ór húsi, the earth was fashioned; -ráð, -ræði, n.
from house to house; ráðast ór hernaði, expedient, help (hvert -ræði viltu veita
to leave off freebooting; (2) denoting the mér?).
substance of which a thing is made, of, órskurðar-maðr, m. umpire, arbitra-
out of; ór Ymis holdi var jörð um sköpuð, tor (þeir tóku G. til -manns).
out of Y.’s flesh the earth was made, hjölt ór-skurðr, m. (1) decision; veita
ór gulli, a golden hilt; (3) out of, from -skurð um e-t, to decide a question; (2)
among (þessir féllu ór liði Haralds); (4) opinion (vil ek heyra fleiri manna -skurð
denoting cause; deyja ór sárum, sótt, to um þetta mál); -slit, n. pl. final decision
die of wounds, sickness; (5) beyond; svá (hann veitti engi -slit); -völ, n. pl. refuse,
mikill snjór, at þat var ór dœnum, beyond what is left over.
exaniple, unexampled; ór hófi, beyond ósk, f. wish; yðr gengr allt at óskum,
measure; þurru mjök vinsældir hans ór everything succeeds to your wishes.
því sem vóru, his popularily dwindled óska-byrr, m. a fair wind to one’s
from what it had been; (6) ór því, after heart’s content; -sonr, m. adopted son;
(nú skal segja, hvat gørðist ór því F. var -vel, adv. just as one wishes, exceedingly

403
ósk-barn Ó óttusöngs-mál
well. -laust, not to be feared, without danger
ósk-barn, -berni, n. adopted child; (var þar þá allt -laust); -ligr, a. fearful,
-mær, f. chosen maid; -mögr, m. = óska- terrible; -mikill, a. full of fear; þá gørðist
sonr, beloved son. -mikit með Böglum, the B. were much
ós-mynni, n. mouth of an estuary. afraid; -samligr, a. = -ligr; -sleginn,
óss (gen. óss, pl. ósar), m. (1) mouth pp. terror-stricken.
or outlet of a river or lake (Danubius fellr óttast (að), v. refl. to fear (ó. e-n); ó.
með sjau ósum til sjófar); (2) fountain- at sér, um sik, to be anxious (concerned)
head (at ósi skal á stemma). about oneself.
óst, f., óstr, m. throat, = hóstr (hann ótti, m. (1) fear, dread; svá var þeim
var lostinn öru í óstinn). öllum mikill ó. at honum, they were all
ósvift, a. n., see ‘úsvift’. so much afraid of him; (2) a cause of fear,
ótta, f. the last part of the night. dreadful thing (ó. var at sjá í augu honum,
ótta-bolð, n. feelng, afraid, fear, anx- ef hann var reiðr).
iety; -bragð, n. an air of being afraid; óttu-söngr, m. matins.
-fenginn, -fullr, a. terrified; -lauss, óttusöngs-mál, n. the time of matins;
a. fearless (verit øruggir ok -lausir); -tíðir, f. pl. prayers at matins.

404
padda pikka

P
pausa (að), v. to marry, = púsa.
pá or pái, m. peacock, a nickname.
páfa-bann, n. papal ban; -dómr, m.
papacy, papal see; -dœmi, n. papacy, pa-
pal see; -garðr, m. the papal residence;
-ligr, a. popish, papal; -stóll, m. the
papal chair; -sæti, n. = -dómr.
páfi, m. pope.

P
padda, f. toad (froskar ok pöddur). pá-fugl, m. peacock.
paðreimr, m. the hippodrome in Con- páll (-s, -ar), m. a kind of hoe or spade
stantinople. (páll ok reka).
pakki, m. pack, bundle. pálma-dagr, m. Palm Sunday.
pakta-öld, f. the cycle of eþacts. pálmari, m. palmer, pilgrim.
palata, f. = polota. pálmi, pálmr, m. palm-tree.
palla-lofsöngr, -sálmi, m. ‘psalm of pálm-sunna, f., -sunnudagr, m.
degrees’; -söngr, m. gradual. Palm Sunday; -viðr, m. palm-wood,
pallr (-s, -ar), m. (1) step, = gráda; (2) palm-tree.
the raised-floor along the sides of the hall, pál-stafr, m. a kind of heavy missile.
= ‘lang-pallar’; (3) a cross dais at the upper páska-aptann, m. Easter-eve; -dagr,
end of the hall, ‘þverpallr, hápallr’. m. Easter-day; -friðr, m. Easter-peace;
palls-horn, n. the corner of the raised -hald, n. the keeping of Easter; -helgi,
floor. f. Easter-tide.
pall-stokkr, m. beam at the edge of páskar, m. pl. Easter.
the ‘pallr’; -strá, n. pl. straw spread on páskir, f. pl. Easter.
the ‘pallr’. páska-vika, f. Easter-week; -vist, f.
pantr (-s, -ar), m. pledge, pawn. stay during Easter; -öld, f. the Paschal
panzari, m. coat of mail. Cycle.
papi, m. (1) Irish or Culdee monk or her- peð-mát, n. checkmate with a pawn.
mit; (2) pope. pell, n. a kind of costly stuff.
par, n. (1) pair; tvenn pör skœða, two pells-klæði, n. garment, clothes of
pair of shoes; (2) paring, scrap. ‘pell’; -skikkja, f. cloak of ‘pell’.
paradís, f. paradise. peningr, penningr (-s, -ar), m. (1) a
parta (að), v. to part, divide. piece of property, article (hann skipar upp
partera (að), v. (1) = parta; (2) to give gózit, var þar hverr p. valinn í); (2) coin,
a part of (p. e-m e-t). money (enskir penningar); (3) penny = 1/
parteran, f. division. 10 of an ‘eyrir’.
partr (-s, -ar), m. part, share. penta (að), v. to paint.
past, n. food, = áta; in the phrase, liggja pentari, m. painter.
á pasti, to be sucking the blood out of the persóna, f. (1) person; (2) parson.
prey. pikka (að), v. to pick, prick, stab
pati, m. rumour, = kvittr. (pikkaði sínu sverði á siðunni).

405
pikkis-dagar P prédikara-bróðir
pikkis-dagar, m. pl. Whitsuntide. drykk); (3) to be used, wont.
pikturr, m. painter. plagg, n. luggage (hann bar vápn þeirra
piltr, piltungr (-s, -ar), m. boy, lad. okönnur piögg).
pilz, n. fur coat. plagga-margr, a. having much luggage
pilzungr, m. short fur coat. (ekki er ek -margr).
piparr, m. pepper. planta (að), v. to plant.
pipra (að), v. to pepper. plata, f. plate, plate armour.
pistill (dat. pistli), m. epistle. plága, f. severe chastisement.
pík, f. piked staff, = broddstafr. plána (að), v. to efface, blot out.
píka, f. girl, lass. plástr, m. plaster.
píla, f. arrow, = ör. pláz, n. place, spot.
píla-grimr (-s, -ar), m. pilgrim. plokka (að), v. (1) to pluck (tók Rand-
pílárr (-s, -ar), m. pillar. vér hauk sinn ok plokkaði af fjaðrarnar);
píment, n. a kind of spiced wine. fig., p. e-t af e-m, to pluck it out of one;
pína, f. (1) fine (undir pínu tólf aura (2) to plunder.
gjalds); (2) torment, torture. plóg-járn, n. plough-iron, ploughshare;
pína (-da, -dr), v. (1) to punish; (2) to -karl, m. ploughman.
torment, torture (á krossi píndr). plógr (-s, -ar), m. plough.
píning, f. (1) torture; (2) passion. plógs-land, n. plough-land.
píningar-saga, f. history of one’s mar- plóma, f. plum.
tyrdom; -staðr, m. = píslarstaðr; -vát- plœgja (-ða, -ðr), v. to plough.
tr, m. a martyr; -vætti, n. martyrdom. poki, m. poke, bag, sack.
pínsl, f. torture, passion, = písl. pollr (-s, -ar), m. pool, pond.
pípa, f. (1) pipe, tube; drekka af pípu, to polota, f. the emperor’s palace in Con-
drink through a quill; (2) pipe, as a musi- stantinople.
cal instrument (þar vóru bumbur barðar polotu-svarf, n. ‘palace-scouring’ (in
ok pípur blásnar). order to pick up valuables).
pípari, m. piper. port, n. gate; -hús, n. brothel; -kona,
pípna-hljómr, m. the sound of pipes. f. harlot; -lífí, n. prostitution.
písl, f. = pínsl, píning. posi, m. little bag = poki.
píslar-dagr, m. passion-day; -fœri, postola-dómr, m. apostleship; -kirk-
n. instrument of torture; -mark, n. the ja, f. an apostle’s church; -messa, f. mass
sign or symbol of the cross; -saga, f. = of an apostle.
píningarsaga; -staðr, m. place of tor- postoli, m. apostle.
ment; -tíð, f. time of passion; -tré, n. postoligr, a. apostolic.
‘passion-tree’, the cross; -váttr, m. mar- pottr (-s, -ar), m. pot.
tyr; -vætti, n. martyrdom. prámr, m. a flat-bottomed boat.
pjakka (að), v. to pick, prick (ef þú prédika (að), v. to preach.
pjakkar broddinum á hallinn). prédikan, f. preaching.
plaga (að), v. (1) to cultivate; (2) to prédikara-bróðir, m. Dominican fri-
treat, entertain (vel plagaðir í mat ok ar; -klaustr, n., -lifnaðr, m. Domini-

406
prédikari P purpuri
can convent, order. prísa (að), v. to praise.
prédikari, m. (1) preacher; (2) Domini- prísa (að), v. to press, torture.
can friar. príss, m. state, pomp (þeir sigldu þá
presenta (að), v. to present (gersimar með prís miklum).
at presenta kominginum). prísund, f. prison (setja í p.).
presenta, f. present. próf, n. (1) proof, evidence; (2) ordeal,
presta-dómr, m. ecclesiastical court; trial (of a fact).
-fátt, n. scarcity of priests; -spítal, n., prófa (að), v. (1) to try (p. má ek þetta);

P
-spítali, m. infirmary for priests; -stef- (2) to examine (p. sök, mil); (3) to find
na, f. conference of priests. out; ef ek prófa þetta sannindi, if find this
prest-borð, n. a priest’s board or main- to be true; (4) to prove (by evidence).
tenance; -kaup, n. a priest’s salary; prófan, f. trial, inquiry.
-kona, f. a priest’s wife; -lingr, m. the- prófast-dœmi, n. district of a prevost,
ological student preparing for orders; provostship.
-maðr, m. clergyman, priest. prófastr (-s, -ar), m. provost.
prestr (-s, -ar), m. priest. próvenda, -venta, f. (1) prebend (for
prest-setr, n. priest’s residence; the maintenance of a church or charita-
-skapr, m. priesthood. ble institution); (2) surrender of real prop-
prests-stétt, f. the priestly order, erty for maintenance.
priesthood; -tíund, f. priest’s tithe; prúð-leikr, m. show, ornament; -liga,
-vígsla, f. ordination of a priest. adv. (1) in a stately manner, magnificently;
prest-vist, f. maintenance of a priest (2) manfully; -ligr, a. magnificent (-lig
(ek lagða fé til -vistar). veizla).
pretta (að), v. to cheat, deceive (ekki prúðr, a. stately, magnificent, fine.
skal ek p. yðr í þessu kaupi). prýða (-dda, -ddr), v. to adorn, orna-
pretta-fulir, a. deceitful, tricky; ment, make beautiful.
-lauss, a. guileless, without deceit. prýði, f. (1) ornament, pomp; (2) gal-
prettóttr, a. = prettafullr. lantry, bravery (falla með p. ok orðstir);
prettr (-s, -ar), m. trick, deceit, fraud -liga, adv. finely, nobly, bravely (Erlingr
(með flærð ok prettum). varðist -liga); -ligr, a. magnificent (-lig
prett-vísi, f. deceitfulness, craftiness; veizla).
-vísliga, adv. deceitfully; -vísligr, a., pund, n. (1) pound (= 24 ‘marks’ or 12
-víss, a. deceitful, crafty, wily (ágjarn ok lbs.); (2) pound = two ‘marks’.
-víss). pundari, m. steelyard.
prim-signa (-da, -dr), v. to ‘primesign’ pungr, m. small bag, pouch, purse.
(a religious act, preliminary to christen- punkta, punktera (að), v. to dot.
ing); -signan, -signing, f. ‘prima signa- punktr, m. (1) point; (2) nick of time (í
tio’, marking with the sign of the cross. þann punkt); (3) point, case.
prím, n. (1) new moon; (2) = prími. purpura-gull, n. red gold; -litr, m.
príma-mál, n. the time of prime. purple colour; -pell, n. costly stuff.
prími, m. prime, six o’clock a. m. purpuri, m. purple; also costly stuff

407
purpur-ligr P pyttr
(purpura-hökull hvítr). púta, f. harlot, = portkona.
purpur-ligr, a. purple (-ligr hringr). pútna-hús, n. brothel.
putt, interj. pish, pshaw. pútu-barn, n., -sonr, m. whoreson.
púki, m. devil, fiend. pynda (-nda, -ndr), v. to compel by
púsa (að), v. (1) to espouse, marry; (2) to brute force (p. e-n til e-s).
give in marriage to (p. e-a e-m). pynding (pl. -ar), f. extortion, tyranny
púss, m. small bag, = pungr. (pyndingar ok kúgan).
pústr (gen. -rs, pl. -rar), m. box on pyttr, m. pit, pool, cesspool.
the ear (konungr sló hana p.).

408
rabba rangindi

R
rake it up into cocks (tók hón eigi at r.
upp, þótt þat væri mælt); r. saman fé, to
rake money together; (3) to shave (r. sik, r.
skegg sitt).
rak-hlaup, n. a straight run.
rakka-hjörtr, m. poet. ‘parrel-hart,’
ship; -víg, n. dog fight.
rakki, m. (1) dog; (2) naut., parrel.
rabba (að), v. to babble, prate. rakk-látr, a. bold, brave; -læti, n.
raddaðr, pp. having a voice of a certain boldness, courage.
tone (vel, illa r.). rakkr, a. erect (þú heldr nökkuru
raddar-grein, f. articulation; rakkara halanum en fyrir stundu).
-stafr, m. vowel; -tól, n. organ of rak-leið, f. a straight course (fara -leið

R
speech. norðr til Björgynjar); -leitt, a. n.
radd-lit, n. band of singers; -maðr, m. straight, direct (þeir sigldu -leitt norðr til
a man with (great) vocal powers. bœjarins).
raf, n. amber; -band, n. necklace of am- rakna (að), v. (1) to be unwound, un-
ber beads. wind itself (þráðrinn raknaði af
rafr (pl. -ir), m. the amber-like fat and hörhnoða); láta r. hendr sínar af e-u, to
fins of a halibut. loosen one’s grasp of; (2) to be paid back,
raggatar-klæði, n. pl. shaggy clothes. restored, discharged (enda verða at r.
Cf. ‘rögg’. leigurnar allar fyrst); láta e-t r., to give it
rag-mennska, f. cowardice; -mæli, n. up; (3) r. við, to recover one’s senses, come
ignominious calumny, charging one with to oneself (þorsteinn raknaði skjótt við).
ragmennska. ramm-aukinn, pp. very powerful (as a
ragna (að), v. to imprecate, invoke upon wizard); -bygðr, pp. strong-built; -byg-
one (r. e-t at e-m). giliga, adv. strongly; -görr, a. strong-
ragna-, gen. from ‘regin’; -rök, n. pl. built, very strong; -hugatr, a. strong of
the doom or destruction of the gods; the last mind; -liga, adv. strongly (binda -liga);
day, the end of the world; -røkkr, n. the -ligr, a. strong (-ligr skíðgarðr).
twilight of the gods, world’s end. rammr, a. (1) strong, of bodily strength
ragr, a. (1) craven, cowardly (bið þú þá, (r. at afli); við ramman er reip at draga, it
ef þú ert eigi r.); (2) emasculate, effemi- is pulling a rope against a strong man; (2)
nate; = argr (þegi þú, rög vættr). mighty, powerful (rammar vættir); (3) bit-
rag-skapr, m. (1) dastardliness, cow- ter, biting, opp. to ‘sœtr’.
ardice; (2) vile effeminacy. ramm-skiþaðr, pp. strongly manned.
rak, n. wick of a candle. rang-dœma (-da, -dr), v. to judge un-
rak, n.; pl. rök, rakings of hay. justly; -dœmi, n. unjust sentence; -eygr,
raka (að), v. (1) to sweep away (G. a. squint-eyed; -fenginn, pp. got by iniq-
rakaði mýinu brott með hendi sinni); (2) uity, wrongly got.
to rake (r. hey, ljá, töðu); r. upp hey, to rangindi, n. pl. unfair dealings, injus-

409
rang-látr R rauð-kembingr
tice (gøra, þola, rangindi); með rangin- (sliks er mér ván, þú fórt rasandi mjök);
dum, wrongfully. r. fyrir ráð fram, to blunder grievously; (2)
rang-látr, a. unrighteous, unjust; to stumble (hestr rasaði undir honum).
-leikr, m. = -læti; -liga, adv. wrongly; raska (að), v. (1) to disturb, disarrange
-ligr, a. wrong, unjust; -læti, n. injus- (þótti henni heldr raskat um hýbýli sín);
tice, unrighteousness (illgirni ok ran- (2) to violate, encroach upon (hann hegndi
glæti). hart allt þat er guðs rétti var raskat).
ranglætis-maðr, m. unrighteous man; raskóttr, a. rough (of weather).
-verk, n. unjust deed. rass, m. posteriors, = ars; -görn, f. í
rangr, a. (1) wry, crooked, opp. to rétr’; the great gut; -ragr, a. sodomitic.
(2) wrong (telja þat rangt, er rétt et, en rata (að), v. (1) to travel, roam; r. viða,
þat rétt er rangt er); neut. ‘rangt’, as adv. to travel far (vits er þörf, þeim er víða
wrongly, in a wrong way (stefna rangt); at ratar); fig., r. í e-t, to fall into (misfor-
röngu, með röngu, wrongfully. tune); ek hefi ratat í vandræði míkit, I
rang-sáttr, a. disagreeing, at variance; have fallen into a great strait; (2) to meet
-semi, f. unrighteousness; -settr, pp. wilh find, with acc. (laxa skulu vér veiða,
misplaced; -snúa (see snúa), v. (1) to dis- ef vér rötum eigi sauðina); to find the way
tort, pervert; (2) to misrepresent; -sýni, f. (ok ratar hann harðla stóra fjallvegu); (3)
wrong view; -sýnn, a. erring in judgment; to collapise, fall down (grjótbjörg gnata,
-sœlis, adv. against the sun, = and-sœlis en gífr rata).
(nú gengr Þ. -sœlis um bœinn); -sœri, rati, m. the name of Odin’s gimlet.
n. false oath, perjury; -trúaðr, a. heretic; rauða, f. (1) yolk of an egg; (2) red
-turna (að), v. = -snúa; -virða (-rða, colour; (3) blood.
-rðr), v. to misjudge; -virðing, f. wrong rauða-blátstr, m. smelting of red iron
judgment. ore (raudi).
rani, m. (1) snout (of a hog, snake); (2) rauða-galinn, pp. stark-mad; -vík-
the point of a ‘svínfylking’. ingr, m. great pirate.
rann, n. large house (margt er þat í rauð-álfr, m. red elf; -bleikr, a. red-
karls húsi, er eigi er í konungs ranni). dish-yellow; -brúnaðr, pp., -brúnn, a.
rann-sak, n. ransacking. reddish-brown; -dropóttr, a. red-spot-
rann-saka (að), v. to ransack, search (- ted, speckled with red; -dýri, n. red deer;
saka bœ, herbergi, hirzlur); -saka liðit, to -eygðr, -eygr, a. red-eyed; -feldr, m.
muster the troops; -sakan, -sókn, f. ran- red cloak, a nickname; -flekkóttr, a.
sacking (for stolen goods). flecked (spotted) with red; -freknóttr,
rapta-bulungr, m. pile of rafters. a. red-freckled; -gulr, a. reddish-yellow;
raptr (-s, -ar), v. (1) log (Þórir þreif -hárr, a., -hæðr, a. red-haired.
einn rapt ór eldinum); (2) esp. pl. the rauði, m. bog iron ore; blása rauða, to
rafters of a roof. smelt iron ore.
ras, n. impetuosity, hurry (þegar eigi er rauðkápu-maðr, m. the man in the red
of mikit ras á þér). cloak (þeir heilsuðu -manni).
rasa (að), v. (1) to rush on headlong rauð-kembingr, m. a fabulous whale;

410
rauðr R rá-bukkr
-kinni, -kinnr, m. a kind of bear; raunum um, to ascertain, make sure of, get
-klæddr, pp. clad in red; -leitr, ruddy to know (nú em ek at raunum komin um
(of the face); -lita (að), v. to dye red; þat, er mik hefir lengi grunat); (5) proof
-litr, a. reddish. (þú mant sjálfr gefa þér r., hverr þú ert);
rauðr, a. red; jarl setti þá rauðan (= (6) reality; gen. ‘raunar’ as adv. really, in-
varð r.) sem blóð, the earl turned red as deed (B. vildi gøra sætt við Knút konung,
blood; snýta rauðu, to bleed at the nose; r. en þar bjuggu raunar svik undir).
víkingr = rauðavíkingr. raunar-laust, adv. without proof or
rauð-skeggjaðr, a. red-bearded. trial; -stefna, f. a summons to try a point
rauf (pl. -ar), f. hole, rent; Flosi hugði of law; -stund, f., -tími, m. time of trial.
at handklæðinu, ok var þat raufar einar, raun-digr, a. very thick; -drjúgr, a.
it was all in rags. solid; -illr, a. very bad; -litt, adv. very
raufa (að), v. (1) to break up, open (r. til little indeed, very poorly; -mjök, adv. very

R
bagga); r. seyði, to break up the (cooking) much; -tregr, a. very unwilling; -vel,
fire; r. brjóst e-m, to cut the breast open; adv. very well indeed; -œfr, a. very vehe-
(2) to pierce, make holes in (skeytum rau- ment; -øruggr, a. quite steadfast or reli-
faðr). able.
raufa (að), v. to rob, plunder (Vindr raup, n. boasting, vaunting.
lögðust á valinn ok raufuðu). raus, n. much talk, verbiage.
raufari, m. robber. rausa (að), v. to talk loud and fast.
raufar-steinn, m. a stone with a hole rausn, f. magnificence, splendour, great
in it (r. var bundinn við hálsinn). state (konungr hafði mikla r. um jólin).
rauföttr, a. riddled with holes. rausn, f. forecastle (aptr frá stafninum
raukn, n. pl. beasts of burthen; steeds á til austrrúms var kallat á r.).
(r. bitluð). rausnar-bú, n. great estate; -kona, f.
raumr, m. big and ugly þerson. magnificent lady; -liga, adv. magnificent-
raumska (að), v. to begin to wake. ly; -maðr, m. magnificent man; -ráð, n.
raun, f. (1) trial, test (S. konungr sagði, great means; -samliga, adv. grandly,
at bann vildi at vísu, at málit fœri til rau- magnificently; -samligr, a. grand, mag-
nar); (2) trial, grief (ef þú vissir, hve mík- nificent; -verk, n. great deed.
la r. ek hefi af þessu); (3) trial of courage, rausn-samr, a. magnificent.
strait, danger (ef vér komum í nökkura raust (pl. -ir), f. voice (fagrar raustir
r., sjáum þá, ef ek stend at baki öðrum); syngjandi manna); kveða við r., to recite
(4) experience; at minni r., to my expe- or sing loudly; renna raustum, to sing.
rience; r. verðr á e-u, it is proved by ex- rauta (að), v. to roar.
perience (hann var binn mesti fullhugi, rá (gen. rár, pl. rár), f. sail-yard.
sem opt höfðu raunir á orðit); r. berr vit- rá, f. roe (cf. ‘rábukkr’).
ni, it turns out, proves (ei bar r. svá vitni, rá, f. (1) corner, nook (rá er hyrning
at hann hefði undan skotizt); berr r. á húss); (2) berth in a ship (skammar ‘ro
= r. berr vitni (sagði þeim svá hugr um, skips rár).
sem siðarr bar r. á); koma (komast) at rá-bukkr, m. roe-buck.

411
ráð R ráða
ráð, n. (1) counsel, advice; H. bað hann réð ráði hennar fyrri, I chose a husband
r. á leggja, H. asked his advice; leggja e- for her before; (9) councillor (annat várt
t til ráðs með e-m, to advise one; bera hit œzta ráð); (10) council (konungrinn
r. sín saman, to consult together; hafa r. ok hans ráð).
e-s, to follow one’s advice (þá væri hann ráða (ræð; réð, réðum; ráðinn), v.
vitr, ef hann hefði yður ráð); fara fram (1) to advise, counsel, r. e-m e-t (réðu vinir
ráðum e-s, to act upon one’s advice (skaltu hans honum þat, at hann berðist eigi við
mínum ráðum fram fara); eiga r. við e- þik); r. e-m ráð, to give one counsel; (2)
n, to take counsel with one (átti jarl þá r. to consult about, discuss, with dat. (r. lan-
við menn sína); gøra r. fyrir e-u, to ex- dráðum); r. ráðum sínum, to hold a con-
pect, look out for a thing; leita ráða við e- ference; (3) to devise, plan; þeir ráða atför
n, to seek counsel from one (leitar jarl ráða við Gunnar, thev plan an onslaught on G.;
við lenda menn); gefa ráð til, to give one réð hón þeim bana, she plotted that man’s
a counsel (hann gaf þatr ráð til, at); (2) death; (4) to plot or cause one’s death, = r.
expedient, means (hitta, kunna r. til e-s); e-m bana (þær atluðu, at konungr mundi
sjá mun ek r. til þess, I can see help for hafa ráðit hann); Reginn mik réð, R. be-
that; (3) resolved action, plan; gøra r. sitt, trayed me; (5) to agree on; réðu þeir þat
to form a plan; gøra e-t at ráði, to resolve þá með sér, they settled this among them-
(var þetta at ráði gørt); taka til ráðs, til selves; (6) to fix, decide, resolve, with acc.;
ráða, to adopt a plan (hvat skulu vit nú ek hefi áðr ráðit brúðlaup mitt, I have
til ráða taka); (4) wise counsel, what is ad- fixed my wedding day; réðu þeir þá þat at
visable; Illugi kvað þat ekki r., I said it fara ofan til Rangár, then they resolved to
was not advisable; vera til ráðs, til ráða, ride down to Rang river; r. e-t til staðar,
to be advisable; hvat er nú til ráða, what to settle, fix definitively, = staðráða e-t (vil
is now to be done? verða at ráði, to suc- ek finna konung áðr en ek ráða þetta til
ceed, to turn out well (varð allt at ráði, þat staðar); (7) to hire, take into service (r.
er hann réð mönnum); (5) consent, will, skipverja, r. sér hjón); bóndi sagði hús-
wish, agreement (var sú gjöf gör með ráði freyju, at hann hafði Hrapp ráðit með
konungs); at ráði frænda hernnar, with sér, that he had taken H. into his company;
the consent of her kinsmen; (6) authority, (8) to rule, govern, with dat. (r. landi, ríki;
command (vöru öll r. af honum tekin); Einarr jarl ráð þá Orkneyjum); (9) to rule,
bera e-n ráðum, to overrule one; koma command, have one’s way, prevail, decide,
ráði við e-n, to be able to control (ek kem settle (skal hón sjálf r. hvárt hón vill hann
trautt ráði við hann); (7) state of life, con- eða eigi); skal r. afl með þeim, the ma-
dition, lot (vilda ek bróðir, at þú bœttir r. jority shall decide; Ólafr bað móður sína.
þitt ok bœðir þér konu); heim skaltu fara eina r., to settle the matter alone; landfall
ok una vel við r. þitt, and be content with ræðr fyrir sunnan, makes the boundary to-
thy lot; breyttu þau faðir hans ok móðir wards the south; with dat., hvárt ræðr þú
ráði sínu ok fóru útan, they broke up their því, er, is it your doing that..?; r. engu, to
household and left Iceland; (8) marriage, have no authority, be of no avail (orðheill
match (unn frænda þínum góðs ráðs); ek þín skal engu r.); r. landamerkjum, to

412
ráða R ráða
make the boundary (Hafslœkr réð þar lan- na bœtr á þessu r.); r. eptir e-m, to pur-
damerkjum); r. búi sínu, to conduct, man- sue one; r. e-n frá e-u, to deprive one of,
age one’s estate; hann réð sér sjálfr, he was exclude one from (r. e-n frá landi, ríki); r.
independent; ertu nökkurs ráðandi hér, fyrir e-u, to command, have authority over,
have you any authority here? (10) to have, be master of (r. fyrir skipi, hofi, fé, eldi);
possess, be master of, enjoy; r. fé ok fjörvi, r. í e-t, to guess at, find out (Gormr ko-
to enjoy wealth and life; (11) to explain, nungr réð ekki í þetta); r. móti, í móti e-
read; r. gátu, to read a riddle; r. draum, m, to attack one (í móti Kára réð Mörðr);
to interpret a dream; r. e-t at líkindum, r. e-n ofan, to overthrow; r. ór e-u, to find
to judge from probabilities (engar munu an expedient, solve a difficulty (er nú vant
fríðari en þínar dœtr, ef at líkindum skal ór at r.); r. til e-s, to rush in upon, attack
r.); (12) to read and understand (r. rúnar, (hann reiddi upp øxina ok réð til Þór-
stafi, rit); réð ek þær rúnar, er reist þín varðs); to take to (set about) a thing, try,

R
systir, I have read the runes thy sister en- make an attempt; S. kom fótum undir sik,
graved; (13) to punish, chastise, with dat. ok réð til í annat sinn, and tried again the
(fóstri hans var harðr við hann ok réð second time; ok er nú til at r., ef þér vilit,
honum mjök); (14) to undertake; ráða now is the time for action, if you are will-
stórt, to aim high, undertake great things; ing; skal r. til árinnar eða eigi, shall we
(15) periphrastically with an infin., to do; try to pass the river or not?; r. til orrostu,
ráðumk ganga, we (I) do go; hón réð vak- to go to battle; r. til uppgöngu, to make
na (= hón vaknaði), she awoke; þau lög, an ascent; r. til ferðar, to start on a jour-
er hann réð upp at segja, the laws which ney; r. skipi til hlunns, to draw a ship on
he pronounced; (16) with preps., r. e-t af, to land; r. um e-t, to dispose of (megum
to resolve, make up one’s mind (réð hann vér eigi r. um hennar gjaforð); to delib-
þat af at sigla súðr til Danmerkr); to dis- erate on (konungr gaf jarli orlof at r. um
continue, put a stop to (ek hygg, at Þórod- þetta við menn sina); r. um at gøra e-t,
dr ætli nú at af r. hingatkvámur þínar); to be about to do a thing (hann tók um
to do away with (þú verðr nú þetta van- strenginn ok réð um at fara upp í skip-
dræði af at r.); r. e-n af e-u, to make one it); r. um við e-n, to put an end to, finish
leave off (af hefir þú mik ráðit brekvísi off (var Alfr þá kominn ok ætlaði skjótt
við þik); r. e-u af (e-u), to get off; Þ. bað um at r. við Finnboga); r. e-t or e-u un-
menn taka forka ok r. af skipinu, to get dan e-m, to deprive one of (hón vildi ei-
the ship off, set her afloat; r. e-n af = r. e-n gi giptast, því at hón vildi eigi r. fé un-
af lífi, af dögum, to put out of the way, put dan dóttur sinni); r. e-t undir e-n, to put
to death (hann kvazt mundu af r. illmenni in the charge of (þá réðu þeir goðorð sitt
þessi); r. at e-m, to attack (njósnarmenn undir Rafn); r. e-t upp, to read up (þes-
hlupu upp ok réðu at þeim); r. á e-t, to set si sömu bréf lét erkibiskup upp r. í Dan-
about a thing (þeir réðu á íshöggit); r. á e- mörku); r. við e-n, to be able to master one
n, to attack one (þorðu aldri úvinir hans (muntu nú einn við mik r.); r. e-t við sik,
á hann at r.); r. bót (bœtr) á e-u, to rem- to make up one’s mind; r. yfir e-u, to rule,
edy, make good (þóttust menn eigi kun- govern; (17) refl., ráðast, to be resolved,

413
ráða-bið R ráð-snild
settled (eigi mun þetta r. þessu sinni); to ráða-rúm, n. = ráðrúm; -skortr, m.
turn out; réðst mikit mann-fall, there was lack of shifts or expedients; -skot, n. re-
a great slaughter; r. at hjóni, to hire one- sources; -stoð, f. help with counsels;
self out, enter service (réðst hann þá þar -stofnan, -ætlan, f. plan, project, de-
at hjóni); r. á, to come to blows (svá kom, sign.
at þeir ráðast á); r. frá, to leave; r. í e-t, ráðbanna-maðr, m. = ráðbani.
to enter, undertake; r. í hernað, to go on ráð-bani, m. contriver of a person’s
warfare; hann réðst í flokk með þeim, he death; -drjúgr, a. full of devices; -fár,
joined him self to their company; r. í braut, a. shiftless, helpless; -fréttast, v. refl. to
to go away; r. ór hernaði, give up, leave off consult (af e-m, við e-n); -fýsi, f. instiga-
freebooting; r. til e-s, to remove to one (bið tion, exhortation.
Una selja jörð sína ok r. hingat til mín); r. ráðgast (að), v. refl. to take counsel.
til ferðar með e-m, to undertake a journey ráð-girni, f. ambition; -gjafi, m.
with one; r. til skips með e-m, to sail with counsellor; -gjarn, a. ambitious, imperi-
one; réðst til allgiptusamliga, it turned out ous; -hagr, m. = ráðahagr; -hollr, a.
very happily; r. um við e-n, to consult with giving faithful (good) advice.
one (Pálnatóki réðst um við félaga sína); ráðigr, a. = ráðugr.
vel hefir ór ráðizt, things have turned out ráðinn, pp. (1) resolved, determined (r.
well. til e-s, í e-u); (2) certain (þat hygg ek at r.
ráða-bið, n. short stay (Asa tók við sé úfriðrinn); (3) clever (vitr maðr ok r.).
Þórði á -bið); -bót, n. bettering of one’s ráð-krókr, m. shift, contrivance;
condition; -breytni, f. change in one’s life -kœnn, a. shrewd, shifty; -lausliga, adv.
or condition; -brot, n. pl. plans; -fátt, foolishly; -lauss, a. shiftless, having lost
a. n. lacking counsel, at one’s wit’s ends one’s head; -leggja (see leggja), v. to
(þeim varð ekki -fátt); -gørð, f. plan, de- give advice, advise (e-m e-t); -leitinn,
sign (töluðu þeir leyniliga -gørð sína); a. shifty, shrewd; -leitni, f. sagacity;
hafa áhyggjur ok -gørðir, to make plans. -leysi, n. shiftlessness, confusion, foolish-
ráðagørða-maðr, m. a man of many ness; -liga, adv. cleverly; -ligr, a. advis-
devices (mikill, lít ill, -maðr). able; -maðr, m. counsellor.
ráða-hagr, m. (1) state of life, condi- ráðning, f. (1) interpretation; (2) chas-
tion (eyðist fé fyrir þeim, ok gørist -ha- tisement, rebuke.
grinn úhœgr); way of life (nú vil ek breyta ráð-ríkr, a. imperious; -rúm, n.
ráðahag okkrum); (2) marriage (þér mun respite for taking counsel; -samr, a. =
kostr -hags við Sigríði systur mína); -ríkr; -semi, f. sagacity.
-kona, f. housekeeper; -kostr, m. = -ha- ráðs-kona, f. housekeeper; -maðr, m.
gr; -lauss, a. shiftless, helpless; -leitan, (1) manager of an estate, steward; (2) influ-
f. asking in marriage; -maðr, m. (1) in- ential man, leader.
fluential man (Birgir var hinn þriði mestr ráð-snild, f. sagacity; -snjallr, a.
-maðr ílandinu); (2) manager, steward wise in counsel, sagacious; -snotr,
(hann var húskarl Þóris ok ráðamaðr fyrir -spakr, a. = -snjallr; -speki, f. wisdom;
búi hans). -spella (að), v. to violate.

414
ráðstafa-lauss R regn-bogi
ráðstafa-lauss, a. unprovided for, refjur, f. pl. cheats, tricks.
homeless. refju-samr, a. tricky (hann var re-
ráð-stafi, m. home, shelter; hann fjusamr í fjárreiðum).
kvaðst sét hafa -stafa fyrir honum, he had ref-keila, f. she-fox, vixen.
provided for him; -svinnr, a. = -snjallr. refla (að), v. to make enquiry.
ráðugr, a. sagacious, shrewd. reforma-sótt, f. ringworm disease.
ráðu-ligr, a. = ráðligr; -nautr, m. ref-ormr, m. ringworm.
counsellor; -neyti, n. body of cousellors; refr (-s, -ar), m. fox.
council. refsa (að, or -ta, -tr), v. to punish,
ráð-valdr, m. ruler; -vandr, a. hon- with dat. of the person (r. e-m); with acc.
est, upright; -vendi, f. probity, honesty; of the thing (r. níðingsverk).
-þægr, a. open to advice, pliable (ráðþæ- refsan, f., refsing, f. punishment.
gir sínum ráðgjöfum). refsingar-dómr, m. sentence of pun-

R
ráf, ráfr, n. roof, = rjáfr, ræfr. ishment; -laust, adv. without punish-
rámr, a. hoarse (háss ok r.). ment, unpunished; -leysi, n. remissness
rán, n. (1) any unlawful seizure or hold- in punishing; -maðr, m. punisher;
ing of property; (2) robbery, plundering; -sverð, n., -vöndr, m. sword, wand of
(3) plunder, booty. punishment.
rán, f. goddess of the sea (R. er nefnd refsinga-samr, a. given to punishing
kona Ægis); Ránar dœtr, the sea-nymphs; (mönnum þótti hann harðr ok r.).
the waves of the sea. refsi-þing, n. a kind of criminal court
rán-fengi, n., -fengr, m. booty, plun- (in old Sweden).
der (-fengr Þjaza jötuns). regi, f. cowardice; -ligr, a. obscene (-
ráns-fé, n. proceeds of plunder; -fen- lig kvæði); -maðr, m. coward.
gr, m. = ránfengr; -flokkr, m. band regin (gen. ragna), n. pl. the ruling
of highwaymen; -hönd, f. robbing hand powers, the gods, = rögn.
(stela með ránshendi). regin-dómr, m. the mighty doom, the
rán-skapr, m. rapine. last judgement; -grjót, n. the holy stones,
ráns-maðr, m. robber. altars; -kunnigr, -kunnr, a. sprung
rás, f. (1) race, running (ek setta hestinn from the gods; -nagl, m. sacred nail (in a
á r.); taka (hafa, hefja) á r., to take to one’s temple-pillar).
heels, run off (tók Egill þegar á rás frá regla, f. (1) rule; (2) rule of a religious
bœnum); (2) course, channel (um leynili- order; (3) bar (of gold).
gar jarðarinnar rásir); (3) company, host reglu-bróðir, m. friar, brother (of a re-
(allar rásir heilagra manna). ligious order); -hald, n. convent life, dis-
rás-fimr, a. fleet (of a horse); -hallr, cipline; ganga undir -hald, to enter an or-
a. steeply sloping. der; -ligr, a. belonging to convent life;
refði, n. staff, cudgel. -staðr, m. monastery.
refill (dat. refli, pl. reflar), m. ta- regn, n. rain (r. hafði verit mikit).
pestry, hangings. regna (-di, -t), v. to rain, = rigna.
refil-stigr, m. mysterious path. regn-bogi, m. rainbow; -él, n. rain-

415
reið R reiði-þruma
shower; -ligr, a. rainy, likely to rain; the king granted that at once; (4) henda
-samr, a. rainy; -skúr, f. shower of rain; reiður á e-u, to notice, heed (jarl spurði,
-vatn, n. rain-water. hvert hann fœri þaðan; þeir kváðust eigi
reið (pl. -ar), f. (1) ride, riding (var reiður hafa á hent).
honum þá fenginn hestr til reiðar); vera reiða-lauss, a. without rigging.
einn í r., to ride alone; þeir vóru beztir reiðar-duna, -þruma, f. clap of thun-
hestar at r., they were the best of riding- der (eldingar ok -þrumur).
horses; var þá ok sén r. þeirra, they were reiðast (dd), v. refl. to become wroth,
seen riding; (2) vehicle, carriage, chariot get angry, e-u, at a thing (konungr reid-
(Þórr á r. þá, er hann ekr, en hafrarnir dist Þórr jötninum).
draga reiðna); (3) clap of thunder (því reið-fara, -fari, a., verða vel -fara, to
næst flugu eldingar ok reiðar). have a good voyage (urðu þeir vel -fara ok
reiða (-dda, -ddr), v. (1) to cary on tóku Þrándheim); -gata, f. riding-way,
horseback; hverr reiddi yðr yfir bridle-path; -góðr, a. good for riding (of
Markarfljót, who put you across M.?; (2) a horse); -hestr, m. riding-horse.
r. e-t um (of) öxl, to carry a thing (poised) reiði, m. (1) tackle, rigging (allr var r.
on one’s shoulder (heinn hafði hann fyrir vandaðr mjök með skipunu); (2) harness
vápn ok reiddi of öxl); (3) to make one of a horse, riding-gear.
rock, shake, push (reiðit hana af baki, svá reiði, n. = reiði, m. (knörr með rá ok
at hún falli í lœkinn ofan); (4) to toss, reiði; hestr með öllu reiði).
of wind and waves (bátinn undir honum reiði, f. wrath, anger; r. hleypr (rennr)
reiddi vindr ok straumr norðr með lan- á e-n, one gets angry; r. rennr e-m or af
di); impers. to be tossed about (reiddi þá e-m, one’s anger passes off; biðja af sér r.
ymsa vega); tók þá at r. saman skipin, the e-s, to ask one’s pardon.
ships began to drive against one another; e- reiði-bola, f. fit of anger.
u reiðir e-n veg af, it ends (turns out) in a reiði-duna, f. thunder, = reiðarduna.
certain way (vóru þá margir hræddir um, reiði-hugr, m. wrath, anger; -liga,
hversu af mundi r.); (5) to carry about, adv. angrily, frowningly; -ligr, a. angry-
spread abroad (kann vera, at þeir menn looking, frowning; -mál, n. angry lan-
reiði orð mín úvitrlig fyrir alþýðu); (6) guage (var þat meirr -mál en sannyrði);
to brandish, swing, raise in the air (hann -mæli, n. = -mál.
greip øxina ok reiddi upp); (7) to weigh in reiðing, f. (1) uproar, wild confusion;
a balance (r. silfr, fé); (8) to pay (r. fé af (2) spreading (of a report).
hendi, r. verð fyrir e-t). reiðingr, m. harness, riding-gear.
reiða, f. (1) attendance, service (vist ok reiðinn, a. prone to anger, hot-tempered
öll r.); vinna e-m reiðu, to serve, attend; (kappsamr mjök ok r.).
(2) accomodation (á þeim skógi var svá reiði-raust, f. angry voice; -sproti,
hörð reiðan þeirra, at ekki var at eta, ne- m. rod of anger; -svipr, m. angry look,
ma börk af viði); (3) vera til reiðu, to frown; -verk, n. a deed done in anger;
be ready at hand (til reiðu er yðr hér -þokki, m. = -svipr.
vetrvist); konungr lét þat þegar til reiðu, reiði-þruma, f. clap of thunder.

416
reið-klæði R reisting
reið-klæði, n. pl. riding-clothes. reikan, f. strolling about, wandering.
reið-lyndi, n. irascibility; -lyndr, a. reikanar-maðr, m. landlouper;
prone to anger, hot-tempered. -samr, a. wavering (e-m er -samt).
reiðr, a. passable on horseback, ridable reikana (að), v. to reckon, count, calcu-
(var þar reitt at fjörum). late; refl., reiknast, to be reckoned (Þor-
reiðskjóta-maðr, m. groom. lákr reiknast milli þeirra biskupa, er); to
reið-skjóti, -skjótr, m. riding-horse. hold mutual reckoning; reiknuðust þeir þá
reiðsla, f. = reizla. við um frændsemi, they reckoned up their
reiðu-búinn, pp. ready, prepared; relationship.
-liga, adv. readily, promptly. reikningr, m. reckoning, account.
reiðu-liga, adv. angrily, with an angry reikuðr, m. only in phr. fœra e-n í
frown; -ligr, a. angry-looking, frowning, reikuð, to handle roughly.
scowling. reim (pl. -ar), f. lash, thong.

R
reiðu-peningr, m. ready, money; reima (að), v., r. af, to make the haunt-
-stóll, m. easy chair (?). ing leave off (mun af reimast meirr en
reifa (-ða, -ðr), v. (1) to enrich, present eina nótt).
with (hringum rauðum reifði hón húskar- reim-leikr, m. hauntings (brátt eptir
la); (2) to mention, disclose (r. engan hlut þetta gerðust -leikar miklir).
eðr kvittu í konungshöll); (3) r. mál, to reimt, a. n. haunted; þar er r., the place
sum up a case; (4) to end or result in (r. il- is haunted by ghosts.
lu); þat mun eigi góðu r., that will bear no rein, f. strip of land (cf. ‘akr-rein’).
good. reini, m. stone horse, stallion.
reifa-barn, n. an infant in swaddling reip, n. rope (hann sleit í sundr reipin);
bands; -lindi, m. swaddling belt or girdle. reipa reiði, rigging, tackling. (See also
reifar, f. pl. swaddling bands. ‘rammr’.)
reifing, f. summing-up of a case. reipa (að), v. to fasten with a rope; var
reifr, a. glad, cheerful (r. við e-n). reipat tréit á skipinu, the mast was rigged;
reigjast (ð), v. refl. to bridle up, to refl., reipast við e-t, to undertake (ef þú r.
show stiffness or displeasure (hón reiðist við at fara).
við honum). reisa (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to raise (lét hann
reik, f. the parting of the hair. r. viðuna ok draga seglit); r. e-n upp, to
reik, n. (1) strolling, wandering; waver- raise up; r. e-n upp af dauða, to raise up
ing (þar var helzt r. á ráðinu, hvárt ek from the dead; r. upp lög, to restore the
munda af ráða); (2) condition; vera vel (il- laws; (2) to raise, erect, build, of ships
la) til reika, to be in a good (bad) condi- and houses (r. bœ, kirkju, hof, skip); r.
tion; fagrliga klæddr ok vel til reika, fine- upp hús, to restore of rebuild houses; (3) to
ly clad and in good trim. raise, start, begin; r. úfrið, to make a ris-
reika (að), v. (1) to stroll, walk (Þrándr ing; r. ferð, to start on a journey; r. bú or
reikaði eptir fjörunni); (2) r. á fótum, á búnað, to set up house.
fótunum, to totter on one’s legs; (3) to wa- reista (-sta, -str), v. to bend (rare).
ver (ok reikaði hans hugr mjök). reisting, f. bending, twisting.

417
reisuligr R rekja
reisuligr, a. stately, imposing (Þ. gørir ta Gretti undan r.); of a tempest, þá rak
þar reisuligan bœ). á fyrir þeim hríð, a storm rose upon them;
reita (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) to excite, irri- (8) with gen., to pursue, take vengeance
tate (r. e-n); (2) refl., reitist á e-t or á um for (ef þér rekit eigi þessa réttar, þá munu
e-t, it comes to a thing; mun á bardaga r., þér engra skamma r.); (9) refl., rekast,
there will be a fight; reitist af um e-t, it to be tossed, wander (ek hefi rekizt úti á
falls off, drops (þá reitist ekki af um talit skógum í allan vetr); r. landa á milli, to
við hann). go from one country to another; r. á e-m,
reiting, f. irritation, offence. to intrude oneself upon; r. eptir e-m, to ac-
reitr (pl. -ar and -ir), m. (1) a space commodate oneself to a person; r. undan,
marked out (þrír reitar fets breiðir); (2) to escape (ef Kjartan skal nú undan r.);
square on a chessboard (reitir á rekast (vrekast) at virði, to quarrel over a
taflborði). meal.
reizla, f. (1) weighing; (2) means of reka, f. shovel, spade.
weighing, steel-yard. rekald, n. a thing drifted ashore.
rek, n. pl. prosecution (kváðust ætla, at reka-maðr, m. owner of shore-drift;
hér mundu mikil r. at gör). -strönd, f. ‘drift-strand’, where whales
reka (rek; rak, rákum; rekinn), v. or trees are driven ashore; -tré, n. drift-
(1) to drive (r. hesta, fé, svín, naut); r. ap- tree; -viðr, m. drift-timber.
tr, to drive back; r. aptr kaup sín, to recall, rekendi, n. pl., rekendr, f. pl. chain.
cry off from one’s bargains; r. af (ór) lan- rek-hvalr, m. a whale drifted ashore.
di, to drive out of the land, drive into ex- reki, m. (1) a thing drifted ashore (hverr
ile; r. af höndum, r. burt, to drive away; r. maðr á reka fyrir landi sínu); (2) prose-
flótta, to pursue a flying host; (2) to compel cution (of a suit for manslaughter, etc.);
(segir, hver nauðsyn hann rekr til); þér gøra mikinn reka at e-u, to follow up, pros-
vegit víg þau, er yðr rekr lítit til, ye slay ecute with energy.
men for small cause; (3) to perform, do; r. rekingr, m. outcast, wretch.
hernað, to wage war; r. erendi, to do an rekinn, pp. mounted, inlaid (Snorri gaf
errand; (4) to thrust, push violently (hann Auðgisli øxi rekna).
rak hann niðr mikit fall); r. aptr hurð, to rekja (rek, rakta, rakiðr or rak-
fling the door to; r. hendr e-s á bak aptr, tr), v. (1) to spread out, unwind, unfold,
to tie one’s hands behind the back; (5) vari- = r. í sundr (hón rakti motrinn ok leit á
ous phrases, r. augu skygnur á e-t, to cast um hríð); refl., rekjast, to unwind itself
one’s eyes upon, see by chance; svá langt, (en þráðrinn raktist af tvinnahnoðanu);
at hann mátti hvergi auga yfir r., so far lát hendr þínar rekjast niðr fyrir þik, let
that he could not reach it with his eyes; r. they arms hang straight down; rekjast ór
minni til e-s, to recollect; r. upp hljóð, to svefni, to start from sleep; (2) to track,
set up a cry, utter a scream; (6) r. nagla, trace (þeir rekja spor sem hundar); r.
hæl, to drive a nail, peg; (7) impers., to be kyn, ættir, to trace a pedigree; r. fram, to
drifted, tossed (skipit rak inn á sundit); e- expound (bað hann fram r. guðs lög); r.
n rekr undan, one escapes (bað þá eigi lá- minni til, to remember.

418
rekkja R renna
rekkja (gen. pl. rekkna), f. bed; fara rengja (-da, -dr), v. (1) to distort; (2)
í rekkju, to go to bed; leggjast í rekkju, to to reject, set aside.
take to one’s bed; rísa ór rekkju, to arise, renna (renn; rann, runnum; run-
get up. ninn), v. (1) to run (rakkar þar renna); r.
rekkja (-ta, -t), v. (1) to sleep in a bed; í köpp við e-n, to run a race with; hón á
r. hjá e-m, to sleep with another; (2) to þann hest, er rennr lopt ok lög, that runs
make a a bed (r. undir sér). through the air and over the sea; r. e-m
rekkju-búnaðr, m. bed-furniture; hvarf, to run out of one’s sight; (2) to run
-félagi, m. bed-fellow; -gólf, n. bed- away, flee (rennr þú nú Úlfr hinn ragi); r.
closet; -illr, a. unruly in bed; -klæði, n. undan e-m, to run away from one (ek get
pl. bed-clothes; -kona, f. chamber-maid; þess, at þú vilir eigi r. undan þeim); (3) to
-maðr, m. a person in bed; -refill, m. run, flow (rennr þaðan lítill lœkr); (4) to
bed-curtain; -skraut, n. bed-ornaments; melt, dissolve (ok hafði runnit málmrinn

R
-stokkr, m. edge of a bed; -sveinn, m. í eldsganginum); reiði rennr e-m, anger
chamber-boy; -tjald, n. bed-curtain; leaves one; (5) to arise (= r. upp); sól ren-
-vaðmál, n. woollen bed-cover. nr, the sun rises; dagr rennr, it dawns; (6)
rekkr (-s, -ar), m. man, warrior. with preps., r. af e-m, to leave one, pass
rekningr, m. (1) outcast; (2) vagrancy away from one (reiði rann af honum); r.
(bera meyna á rekning). á e-n, to come over one; svefn, svefnhöfgi
rek-saumr, m. ‘driving-nails’, opp. to rennr á e-n, one falls asleep; reiði rennr á
‘hnoðsaumr’. e-n, one gets angry; þá rann á byrr, then
rekstr (gen. -rar), m. driving, chas- a fair wind arose; r. eptir e-m, to run af-
ing; trouble, annoyance. ter one (þá var runnit eptir þeim, er flót-
rek-tré, n. drift-tree, drift-timber. tann ráku); r. frá e-m, to run away from,
rembast (d), v. refl. to puff oneself up, leave one; r. í e-t, to run into; e-m ren-
behave proudly. nr í skap, one is much (deeply) affected (er
rembi-liga, adv. haughtily, in a proud eigi trútt, at mér hafi eigi í skap runnit
or conceited manner. sonardauðinn); r. saman, to heal up (þá
rembu-maðr, m. puffed-up fellow. var saman runninn leggrinn); r. undir,
remja (að), v. to roar (of a lion). to assist, give support (margar stoðir run-
remma, f. bitterness, acridity. nu undir, bæði frændr ok vinir); r. upp,
remma (-da, -dr), v. to strengthen. to originate (var þess ván, at illr ávöxtr
rén, n. = rénan (var þá nökkut r. á hans mundi upp r. af illri rót); of the sun or
sótt); réna (að), v. to dwindle, decrease, daylight, to rise; sól (dagr) rennr upp (cf.
subside (orrostan rénaði). 5); (7) recipr., rennast at (á), to attack one
rénan, f. decrease, diminution. another, begin a fight.
rendr, a. edged (skjöldr járni rendr). renna (-da, -dr), v. (1) to make (let)
rendr, a. brimmed (skjöldr járni r.). run, with dat. (keyrði hann hestinn spo-
rengi, n. the eatable fibrous substance rum ok renndi honum at); (2) to put to
from the plaited undersurface of the flight (þeir renndu þeim tíu, er undan
rorqual. kómust); (3) to prevent, thwart (eigi má

419
renna R réttindi
sköpunum r.); er rennt þeim ráðahag, rétta (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) to make
that match is thwarted; (4) to slip, let straight, straighten, opp. to ‘beygja, krep-
loose; r. veiðarfœri, to let the fishing-line pa’ (r. krók, r. á sér fingrna); (2) to stretch
run out; Tjörvi renndi fyrir hann törgu, out, stretch (r. or r. fram höndina); r. e-
T. flung a target in his way; impers., at- t e-m, to reach, hand over, a thing to one
geirinum renndi gegnum skjöldinn, the (hann rétti sjóðinn at Sigmundi); (3) to
halberd was run through the shield; r. e-u raise, right a capsized boat (hvelfdi skip-
niðr, to swallow; r. grunum á e-t, to sus- inu, en dvergarnir réttu skip sitt); (4)
pect; (5) r. augum, to direct the eyes, to to rise (hann rétti ekki ór rekkju); (5) to
look (r. ástaraugum til e-s); (6) to pour put right, adjust; r. hluta e-s, to redress;
(var gulli rennt í skurðina); (7) with acc., knoungr vildi eigi r. þetta mál, the king
r. mjólk, to run millk, by pouring out the refused justice; (6) to let the ship drift, =
thin milk; r. ór tunnu, to let the liquid out leggja í rétt (varð þá at hlaða seglum ok
from a cask; (8) with acc. to turn (r. tré, r.); (7) with preps., r. fram, to stretch out;
spánu); (9) absol. to move quickly, slide, r. e-t upp, to raise (Þórr rétti upp hön-
glide (konungsskipin renndu at þeim); þá dina); r. við, to come to oneself, recover
renndi hringrinn af hendi mér, the ring (Narfi réttir við ór rotinu); (8) refl., rét-
slipped off my hand; (10) refl., rennast au- tast, to be put straight; réttust fingrnir,
gum til, to look to one another; þá ren- the fingers became straight; to stretch one-
ndust skipin hjá, the ships passed by one self (r. gørði raumrinn stirðr); r. upp, to
another. rise (Hákon jarl réttist upp).
renna, f. run, course; ok nú er skírðr retta-menn, m. pl. the men assembled
allr Danaherr í þessi rennu, in one run, at at a ‘rétt’.
one sweep. rettar-bót, f. (1) bettering of one’s con-
renni-drif, n. snow raised by the wind, dition (yðr var heitit friði ok -bót, en nú
drifting snow; -kví, f. fold into which sheep hafið þér ánauð ok þrælkun); (2) amend-
are driven, trap. ment of the law.
rennsl, n. or f., í einu rennsli, í einni réttari, m. justiciary, justice.
rennsl, in one run, at one time. réttar-maðr, m. = réttari.
rennsla, f. course, water-course. rétt-borinn, pp. legitimate; -borinn
repta (-pta, -ptr), v. to roof. til ríkis, a lawful heir to the throne; -dœ-
repta (-pta, -pt), v. to bring up wind, mi, n. justice in judgement; -dœmr, a.
to belch; r. aptr, = dríta. just in judgement; -fundinn, pp. duly
rétt, f. (1) public fold (þat var um found; -hafi, a. in lawful possession of (at
haustit, er sauðir vóru í r. reknir); (2) e-u); -hárr, -hærðr, a. straight-haired,
esp. pl. the general sheep-gathering in au- opp. to ‘hrokkin-hárr’.
tumn (þann dag skulu vera réttir í rétti, n. stretching; rifja r., rib-stretch-
Þórarinsdal). ing.
rétt, adv. (1) just, exactly, precisely; (2) rétti-liga, adv. = réttliga; -ligr, a.
straight (þeir stefndu r. á þá); (3) rightly, just, right (mélefni rettiligri).
correctly (lýsa e-u r.). réttindi, n. pl. right, justice.

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rétting R reyna
rétting, f. (1) setting right, amend- (góðir menn ok -sýnir); -sœlis, adv. with
ment; vil ek eiga r. allra orða minna, I the sun, opp. to ‘rangsœlis’; -tekinn,
claim the right to amend all my words; (2) pp. duly accepted; -trúaðr, a. orthodox;
redress (varð þessa engi r. af Önundi). -vaxinn, pp. upright of growth; -vísi, f.
rétt-kominn, pp. having proper right righteousness, justice; -vísliga, adv. just-
(-kominn til ríkis); -kosinn, pp. duly ly; -víss, a. righteous, just; -yrði, f. truth-
chosen; -kristinn, a. truly christian, or- fulness.
thodox; -lauss, a. void of right; -látr, a. reyðar-hvalr, m. rorqual.
righteous, just; -leiðis, adv. (1) straight reyðr (gen. -ar, dat. and acc. -i, pl.
forward (fara -leiðis); (2) on the right path -ar), f. rorqual, finner-whale.
(snúa sér -leiðis ok trúa á sannan guð); reyfa (-ða, -ðr), v. to rob.
-leiki, m. straightness; -leitr, a. having reyfari, m. pirate, robber.
regular features; -liga, adv. justly, duly; reyfl, n. sheep’s fleece.

R
-ligr, a. just, due, proper; -læti, n. reygjast (ð), v. refl. = reigjast.
righteousness, justice; -mæli, n. right, jus- reyk-beri, m. chimney; -blindr, a.
tice; -nefjaðr, a. straight-nosed; -orðli- blind from smoke.
ga, adv. truthfully; -orðr, a. truthful. rekelsi, n. incense.
réttr, a. (1) straight (r. sem laukr); (2) reyk-fastr, a. full of smoke; -háfr, m.
erect, upright (Óttar stóð r. ok brá sér ek- chimney-pot.
ki við); (3) right, just (telja þat rangt, er reykja (-ta, -tr), to smoke, emit
rétt er); hafa rétt at mæla, to be right, in smoke; to suffocate with smoke.
the right; at réttu, með réttu, rightly. reykjar-daunn, -þefr, m. smell of
réttr (-ar, -ir), m. (1) right, law; lands smoke (um síðir kenna þeir -þef).
r., the law of the land; kristinn r., guðs reyk-lauss, a. smokeless.
r., ecclesiastical law; (2) right, due, claim; reykr (-jar, -ir), m. smoke, steam.
konungs r., the king’s due (at konungr reyna (-da, -dr), v. (1) to try, prove
minnki nökkut af sínum rétti); (3) condi- (lengi skal manninn r.); hann lét Gunnar
tion; hann gørði harðan rétt landsmanna, r. ymsar íþróttir við menn sína, he let
he tyrannized over them; (4) dish (hinn G. essay divers feats against his men; ef
fyrsta rétt báru inn þessir lendir menn); við Þorsteinn skulum r. með okkr, if
(5) drifting before the wind; liggja í rétt, Thorstein and I shall make trial of each oth-
to lie drifting; leggja í rétt, to set a ship’s er; r. eptir e-u, to search, pry, inquire in-
course for drifting; (6) storm, heavy sea to (hann reyndi eptir mörgum hlutum);
(fengu þeir rétt mikinn; skipit var lekt ok r. til, to make trial (Bróðir reyndi til með
þoldi illa réttinn). forneskju, hversu ganga mundi or-
rétt-snúning, f. conversion (to Chris- rostan); (2) to experience (reynt hefi ek
tianity); -streymr, a. ‘right-streamed’; brattara); hefi ek þik reynt at góðum
hafa vel-streymt, to have the current fully drengi, I have proved (found) thee to be
with one; -sýni, n. (1) straight direction; a good fellow; r. e-t af e-m, to meet with
(2) seeing right, insight; -sýnis, adv. in (hann hafði reynt af Böðvari vináttu mik-
a straight direction; -sýnn, a. fair, just la); (3) refl., reynast, to turn out, prove to

421
reynd R rifa
be (reyndist Gunnlaugr hinn hraustasti); importance, moment (munu þar stœrri r. í
þat mun þó síðar r., but this will be put to vera).
the proof by and by; also with dat., ef mér riða (að), v. to tremble, move unsteadily
reynist Þórólfr jamnvel mannaðr, if I find (riðuðu augu).
Thorolf as well accomplished. riða, f. shivering fever, ague.
reynd, f. experience; eru þeir úlíkir riddara-búnaðr, m. a horseman’s out-
þeim sýnum, en miklu úlíkari reyndum, fit or attire; -dómr, m. knighthood;
they are unlike them in appearance, but -herr, m. cavalry; -íþrótt, f. chivalry;
much more so in reality; gen. reyndar, as -lið, n. = -herr; -ligr, a. chivalrous;
adv. indeed, in fact, really. -skapr, m. knighthood, chivalry;
reyni-lundr, m. rowan-grove. -sveinn, m. an knight’s page.
reynir (gen. -is), m. rowan-tree. riddari, m. (1) rider, horseman; (2)
reyni-runnr, m. rowan-tree; -viðr, knight; also in chess.
m. rowan-wood; -vöndr, m. wand from a riðlast (að), v. refl. (1) to break rank,
rowan-tree. fall into disorder (riðlaðist fylkingin ok
reyra (-ða, -ðr), v. (1) to wind round losnaði öll); riðluðust þá förunautar hans
(örin var reyrð gulli); (2) to tie, fasten frá honum, his followers slunk away; (2)
(hann var bundinn at höndum ok fótum to cluster; með riðluðum vínviðum af vín-
ok reyrðr sterkliga við einn ás). berjum ok allskyns aldini, vines clustered
reyra (-ða, -ðr), v. to bury in a cairn with grapes and all kinds of fruit.
(reyrr). riðr, m. shock, shaking.
reyr-bönd, n. pl. the wire by which the riðull (dat. riðli, pl. riðlar), m. (1)
arrow-head was bound to the shaft (skot a small detachment of men (konungr hafði
stóðu uppi á -böndum). riðul einn manna hjá þeirra her); (2) clus-
reyrr (-ar, dat. -i) m. reed. ter (of flowers or fruit).
reyrr, m. heap of stones, cairn. riðu-sjúkr, a. sick of ague; -sótt, f.
reyr-skógr, m. reed-bed; -sproti, shivering fever, ague.
-teinn, m. ‘reed-wand’, cane; -vaxinn, rið-vaxinn, pp. square-built (lágr á
pp. grown with reed; -vöndr, m. = -spro- vöxt ok mjök -vaxinn).
ti; -þakinn, pp. thatched with reed. rið-völr, m. a short round stick, mesh-
reysta (-sta, -str), v. to lift up the pin.
voice; to resound; to sing (r. kvæði). rif (gen. pl. rifja), n. (1) rib (hljóp þá
reyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to pluck, pick (S. sverðið á síðuna ok í milli rifjanna); (2)
hleypr á hús upp ok reytir gras); r. sik, to fig. cause, reason (þá skildi hann af hver-
tear one’s hair. jum rifjum vera myndi).
ribbalda-skapr, m. ribaldry. rif, n. reef in the sea (út í hólmann lá
ribbaldi, m. ribald, savage. eitt rif mjótt ok langt).
ribbungr (-s, -ar), m. = ribbaldi. rif, n. reef in a sail (sigla við eitt r.).
rið, n. (1) a winding staircase, steps; (2) rif, n. (1) tearing asunder; (2) plunder-
sway, swing; ok verðr svá mikit r. at, and ing (með ráni ok rifi).
it comes to such a pitch, that; (3) weight, rifa, f. rent, rift, chink, fissure.

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rifa R ríða
rifa (að), v. to sew up loosely (Styrr var risa-barn, n. giant-child; -fólk, n. gi-
rifaðr í hóð). ant-folk; -kyn, n. gian-kind; -ligr, a. gi-
rif-blautr, a. lean-ribbed (of a horse); gantic, giant-like (-ligt hjarta); -vöxtr,
-hrís, n. brush-wood, faggots. giant’s size.
rifja (að), v. (1) to turn over (r. hey); (2) risi, m. giant (risar ok troll).
to expound, explain, go into (mikil skynse- ris-mál, n. pl. the hour for rising, about
mi er at r. vandliga þat). 6 o’clock a. m.; milli rismála ok dagmála,
rifna (að), v. to be rent, to split (seglin about 7.30 a. m.
rifnuðu); r. aptr or upp, to open up again risna, f. hospitality, munificence.
(of wounds). risnu-maðr, n. hospitable man.
rifr (gen. rifjar), m. warp-beam. rispa (að), v. to scratch.
rifs, n. plunder (fara með rán ok r.). rispa, f. a slight scratch.
rifsa (að), v. to plunder. rist (pl. ristr), f. the instep of the foot

R
riga (að), v. to lift heavily or with dif- (fœtrnir ok ristrnar).
ficulty, with dat. (fengu þeir hvergi rigat rista (-sta, -str), v. to cut, = rísta.
honum). rista, f. scratch, slash.
rigna (-di, -dr), v. to rain upon, wet ristar-bein, n. instep-bone; -liðr, m.
with rain (var hann með engu móti rigndr ankle-joint.
eða vátr); impers., rignir, it rains; with ristill, m. (1) ploughshare; (2) poet.
dat., þar með rigndi á þá blóði vellanda, gentlewoman (r. er sú kona, er sköruglynd
it also rained boiling blood on them. er).
riklingr, m. dried strips of halibut. ristu-bragð, n. a runic character.
rim (pl. -ar), f. rail (in a paling). risu-ligr, a. lofty, stately (-ligr bœr);
rima-naust, n. a boat-shed made of -ligr vexti, of imposing stature.
rails (-naust, er ferja var í). rit, n. (1) writing; einn dag er hann sat
rimi, m. elevated strip of land. at riti, when he sat writing; (2) writ, writ-
rimma, f. tumult, fray. ing, letter (gøra r.).
rindill (dat. rindli, pl. rindlar), m. rita (að), v. to write, = ríta.
wren (as a nickname). rita-gørð, f. letter-writing, correspon-
rinna, v. = renna (rann). dence. Cf. ‘bréfa-gørð’.
rippa (að), v., r. e-t upp, to rip up, go ritan-ligr, a. that can be written.
into, a matter. ritari, m. writer, transcriber, secretary
ript, f. linen, linen clothes. (prestr er var ritari hans).
ripta (-pta, -ptr), v. (1) to make void, rit-fœri, n. pl. writing-materials;
invalidate (r. kaup); (2) to regain, recover, -klefi, m. writing-closet.
an estate (Kolskeggr ætlar mál fram at ritning (pl. -ar), f. writing, writ.
hafa ok r. fjórðung í Móeiðar-hváli). rit-sending, f. letter-sending; -stofa,
ripti, n. linen = ript (hana Sigurðr f. writing-room, study.
sveipr í ripti). ríða (ríð; reið, riðum; riðinn), v.
ripting, f. withdrawal, making void (of (1) to ride, go on horseback (þeir brœðr
a bargain). riðu til alþingis); with dat. of the animal

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ríða R rísa
(r. hesti, vargi); of ghosts, r. húsum, rífr, a. good, acceptable (í gulli ok silfri
skála, to ‘ride’ on the ridge of a house; with eðr í rífum aurum).
acc. of the road or the place; r. leið sí- rík-borinn, pp. high-born; -dómliga,
na, veg sinn, to ride through brush and for- adv. magnificently; -dómr, m. (1) power,
est; r. eyrendi, to ride on an errand; (2) might, magnificence; (2) wealth, riches;
to break in, train (þat var siðvenja þeir- -dœmi, n. = -dómr.
ra at r. hesta, temja bæði við gang ok við ríki, n. (1) power, might (ek hefi hafit
hlaup); (3) to move through the air; øxin þik til ríkis af litlum manni); veita e-m
reið at honum, the axe cam at him; reið at r., to grant one power; (2) rule, dominion
honum brúnássinn, down on him came the (lagðist land allt undir r. Haralds ko-
wall-plate; er upp reið gálga-tréit, when nungs); (3) kingdom (fór konungr heim í
the gallows-tree was raised; (4) to reel, r. sitt).
stagger (hann reið á ymsar hliðar); (5) r. ríki-látr, a. imperious, lordly.
upp, to rise (þeir fengu tekit hann við ríkja (-ta, -t), v. to reign (hann ríkti
klif, er upp ríðr ór fjörunni); (6) miklu fjögur ár ok tuttugu).
(litlu) ríðr um e-t, it is of great (small) im- rík-látr, a. proud; -leikr, m. power,
portance; eigi þarf nú meira við, at fullu authority; -lundaðr, a. imperious, se-
num þetta r., this will be quite enough. vere; -lyndi, n. imperiousness, severity;
ríða (ríð; reið, riðum; riðinn), v. -lyndr, a. = -lundaðr; -mannliga, adv.
(1) to twist, knit, wind; r. knút, to knit a magnificently; -mannligr, a. magnifi-
knot; r. net, to work a net; r. knapp á e- cent, stately; -menni, n. the mighty, the
t, to finish, wind a thing up; vera við e-t nobility.
riðinn, to be concerned in, have to do with ríkr, a. (1) mighty, powerful (r. höfðin-
(verðr hann lítt við söguna riðinn); (2) to gi); r. ok auðigr, powerful and wealthy;
rub, smear (r. blóði á e-n or e-n blóði); ríkri (= ríkari) ráð sagði, the stronger had
ríða í, to rub into (r. kolum ok leiri í andlit his way; (2) of things, strong (var þar ríkt
sér); (3) fig., with dat., to thrash, flog; r. varðhald); ganga ríkt, to prevail (lát þú ei-
e-m um kinn, to buffet one; (4) to wring, gi þá fæð svá ríkt ganga, at); leggja ríkt
press (mjólk sú, er riðin er ór seljubörk). við, to lay a heavy penalty on; (3) magnif-
ríðari, m. = riddari. icent (konungr gørði mannboð ríkt); (4)
rífa (ríf; reif, rifum; rifinn), v. (1) rich, wealthy (r. at fé).
to rive, tear (þeir létu dýr ok hrafna r. ríku-liga, adv. (1) magnificently, = rík-
hræin); r. klæði af sér, to tear off one’s mannliga; (2) strictly (hann hélt -liga
clothes; r. aptr, to rip up (Þ. vildi at aptr guðs lög); -ligr, a. magnificent (-lig vei-
væri rifit sárit); r. ofan, r. niðr, to pull zla); -ligr maðr, a fine man.
down; r. í sundr, to tear asunder; (2) im- rím, n. computation, esp. calendar.
pers. to be rent, give way (reif seglit). rím, n. rhyme, rhymed song.
rífka (að), v. to mend, improve; er ríma, f. rhyming lay, ballad.
nauðsyn at r. ráð fyrir dóttur þinni, to rím-kœnn, a. skilled in calendar compu-
mend her state. tation; -tal, n. calendar.
ríf-ligr, a. good, fine, desirable. rísa (rís; reis, risum; risinn), v. (1)

424
rísta R rokkr
to rise, get up (ár skal r. sá er annars vill sáttmál, sætt, eiða, trygðir); (3) impers.,
fé eða fjör hafa); r. ór rekkju, frá borði, rýfr þokuna, the fog clears away; rýfr (or
to rise from the dead; (2) to come into exis- rýfr í) veðrit, rýfr upp veðr, the weather
tence, arise (vita þóttist hann, af hverjum clears, it clears up.
rótum þetta hafði risit); (3) with preps. rjúka (rýk; rauk, rukum; rokinn),
and advs., mikit orð ríss á e-u, it is much v. (1) to reek, emit smoke or steam (hvat
spoken of; r. í móti e-u, to rise against; rýkr á diskinum fyrir þér?); impers., rýkr
r. upp, to rise, get up (hón reis ekki upp af e-m, reek rises from one (ambáttin reri
fyrir miðjan dag); to rise from the dead í burt alsveitt af mœði, ok rauk af henni);
(dauðir rísa upp); r. upp fyrir e-m, to (2) to be driven, drifted like smoke (mjöll,
yield, give up, one’s place to another; r. við sjór rýkr); (3) fig. to fly, go flying; sverðið
e-m, to rise against, withstand. rauk ór hendi honum, the sword flew out
rísta (ríst; reist, ristum; of his hand.

R
ristinn), v. (1) to cut, slash (Otkell rekr rjúpa (gen. pl. rjúpna), f. ptarmigan
sporann við eyra Gunnari ok rístr mikla (sem valr flygi eptir rjúpu).
ristu); r. e-t í sundr, to cut int two (Þ. reist rjúp-keri, m. cock-ptarmigan.
í sundr línbrók sína); (2) to cut open (hón roð, n. fish skin (rífa fisk ór roði).
reist á mér kviðinn); (3) to cut, carve, roð, n. reddening, making or becoming
grave on something (r. rúnar á kefli, red (cf. hlunn-, sólar-roð).
horni); (4) to carve, form by carving roða (að), v. impers. to emit a red
(Hrafn lá í bekk ok reist spán, því at hann gleam (þá er roðaði af skjöldunum); roðar
var hagr). fyrir upprennandi sólu, the sky is red-
ríta (rít; reit, ritum; ritinn), v. (1) dened by the rising sun.
to scratch, cut; (2) to write (bókin var öll roða (að), v. to huddle together.
ritin gullstöfum). roði, m. redness, ruddiness (r. í kin-
rjá (rjáða, rjáðr), v. to vex, worry, = num, í andliti); laust roða á himininn,
hrjá (erum vér reknir ok rjáðir). the sky reddened.
rjá, f. harassing, worrying. roðinn, pp. from ‘rjóða’, reddened,
rjáfr, n. roof, = ráf, ráfr, ræfr. smeared with blood, bleeding.
rjóða (rýð; rauð, ruðum; roðinn), roðna (að), v. to redden, become red.
v. to redden (r. egg, sverð, vápn); r. í rof, n. (1) breach, opening (var þar mik-
blóði, to smear with blood; of the sun (um it r. í fylkingunni); (2) a law term, retrac-
morgunin, sem sól rýðr fjöll). tation, reversal (of judgement).
rjóðr, a. red, ruddy (r. í andliti). rofna (að), v. (1) to break up, give way
rjóðr, n. open space in a forest, clearing (þá er r. tók fylkingin); (2) to fall through,
(skógr rjóðrum höggvinn). become invalid (of a bargain, judgement,
rjúfa (rýf; rauf, rufum; rofinn), v. fine).
(1) to break a hole in, break (hljópu þeir roftorfs-veggr, m. a wall of sods.
þá upp á húsin ok tóku at r.); r. undir, to rokinn, pp. (of ‘rjúka’), cooled off (var
make wounds; r. samnaðinn, to break up lítt rokin stofan).
the gathering; (2) fig. to break, violate (r. rokkr (-s, -ar), m. distaff (sat þar

425
rolla R róma
kona, sveigði rokk). wards and forwards; (4) recipr., róast at,
rolla, f. roll, scroll. to pull so as to encounter one another, of
ropi, m. belch, eructation. two ships in battle.
rosi, m. rain and storm. róða, f. rood, crucifix.
roskin-leikr, m. ripeness, perfection; róði, m. poet. wind, tempest; láta (legg-
-mannligr, a. looking like a grown-up ja) e-n fyrir róða, to cast to the winds, for-
man (mikill maðr ok -mannligr). sake one.
roskinn, a. ripe, mature, full-grown róðr (gen. róðrar), m. rowing, pulling
(var hón svá mikil sem maðr r.). (hafa búnar árar til róðrar).
rosknaðr, pp. grown-up, adult. róðra, f. blood, esp. of sacrifice.
rosknast (að), v. refl. to become róðrar-, gen. from ‘róðr’; -ferja, f.
‘roskinn’, grow up to manhood (en er Þ. row-boat; -hanzki, m. rowing-glove;
jarl rosknaðist). -leiði, n. rowing-wind; taka -leiði, to take
rosm-hvalr, m. walrus. to rowing; -skip, n., -skúta, f. ship with
rostungr (-s, -ar), m. walrus. oars.
rot, n. insensibility (from a blow); slá róðr-göltr, m. a kind of war-ram.
e-n í r., to stun, render senseless by a blow; róðu-kross, m. crucifix.
liggja í roti, to lie stunned. rófa, f. the vertebral part of a tail.
rota, f. heavy rain (þann dag var á r. róg, n. (1) slander, calumny (sögðu þat
mikil; bæði hregg ok r.). mundu vera r. illra manna); bera e-n í r.
rotinn, a. rotten (var þá líkaminn r.). við e-n, to slander (calumniate) one to a
rotna (að), v. to rot; of hair, to fall off person (sá maðr var borinn í r. við Mag-
(var af rotnað hár ok skegg). nús konung); (2) strife, quarrel; verða e-
ró, f. rest, calm, tranquility; gefa ró m at rógi, to be the cause of discord; leiða
reiði, to give rest to one’s wrath; í ró, at e-n nær rógi, to lead into feud.
rest, in peace; mega sér hvergi ró eiga róg-apaldr, m. warrior (poet.); -be-
í landi, to feel restless, feel no rest any- rari, -beri, m. slanderer, back-biter;
where; bíða ró, to be easy, at rest -girni, f. disposition to slander; -málmr,
(Gunnhildr lét þat seiða, at Egill skyldi m. gold (poet.); -mæli, n. calumny, slan-
aldri ró bíða á Íslandi). der; -samr, a. slanderous; -semi, f. =
ró (pl. rœr), f. small clinch-plate, burr -girni.
(on which a nail is clinched). rógs-maðr, m. slanderer.
róa (rœ; reri, reyri, røri; róinn), róg-þorn, n. sword (poet.).
v. (1) to row, pull; hann rœr út í Bjar- rói, m. rest, repose, pause.
neyjar, he rows out to the Bearisles; with ró-lauss, a. restless (-laust erfiði);
the boat in dat. (reru þeir skipinu upp í -ligr, a. calm, quiet; -lífi, n. life of ease;
ána); (2) to row out to sea, go fishing, = -lyndr, a. calm of mind.
r. út (þenna morgin bjóst Þ. á sjó at r.); róm, n. róma, f. Rome.
er hann kom þar, vóru allir menn rónir róma, f. poet. battle.
nema Þ., all the men had rowed out fish- róma (að), v. to give assent to by shout-
ing except Th.; (3) to rock oneself back- ing, approve of (þetta ráð var af öllum vel

426
Róma-borg R rúm-boraðr
rómat). ruðning, f. challenging (of neighbours
róma-borg, f. the city of Rome; -ríki, or judges).
n. the Roman empire; -vegr, m. the road ruðningar-mál, n. pl. the formula of a
leading to Rome. challenge.
róm-ferð, f. journey (pilgrimage) to ruðu-lítill, a. eigi -lítill, making no
Rome (hann bjóst til Rómferðar); -fer- small clearance (in battle).
ill, m. a pilgrimage to Rome. rugga (að), v. to rock (r. barni).
rómr, m. (1) voice (Gizurr var blíðmæl- rugl, f. confusion, disturbance.
tr ok mikill rómrinn); tala með litlum ró- rugla (að), v. to confound, with dat.
mi, to speak in a low voice; (2) applause; ruglan, f. confusion, disturbance.
gøra góðan (mikinn) róm at e-u, to ap- run-henda, -hending, f. a metre with
plaud. end-rhymes; -hendr, a. composed in the
róm-verjar, m. pl. the Romans. metre ‘run-henda’.

R
róm-verskr, a. Roman. runi, m. a wild boar.
rór (ró, rótt), a. calm, composed. runnr (-s, -ar), m. bush, shrub.
rós (pl. -ir), f. rose. runsa (að), v. to plunder, ransack.
rósta, f. brawl, riot, tumult. rupl, n. plunder, booty.
róstu-maðr, m. rioter; -mikill, a. ri- rupla (að), v. (1) to plunder (a person,
otous, unruly; -samligr, a. unruly. etc.); (2) to take (a thing) by force.
rót (pl. rœtr), f. (1) root (var þess ván, rúfinn, a. rough, uncombed.
at illr ávöxtr mundi koma af illri r.); (2) rúg-akr, m. rye-field; -brauð, n. rye-
fig. cause, origin (vera e-s r. or r. undir e- bread; -hleifr, m. rye-loaf.
u). rúgr (gen. -ar), m. rye.
rót, f. the inner part of the roof of a rúm, n. (1) room, space (hvergi nær
house, where stores are hung up. hafði þar r. lið þeirra); fá rúms, to get
rót, n. commotion, stir. space; e-m liggr e-t í miklu rúmi, it is of
róta (að), v. to stir, throw into disorder, great concern, importance to one; (2) place,
with dat.; þeir rótuðu um koll taflinu, seat (Egill gekk til rúms þess, er dóttir
they upset the chessboard; þá rótar karl jarlsins hafði setit um daginn); (3) bed, =
saman fénu, he sweeps the money into one rekkja (síðan rannsakaði hann rúmit, er
heap. hón hafði hvílt í); (4) ‘room’ in a ship,
róta-klumba, -kylfa, f. club. one for each pair of rowers (mikit skip,
rótar-tré, n. a tree with the root. þar vóru sex rúm ok tuttugu); (5) space of
rót-fastr, a. rooted, fixed; -festa time; þriggja daga r., a space of three days.
(-sta, -str), v. to root; refl., -festast, to rúm, n. Rome, = Róm.
take root; -lauss, rootless, without roots; rúma-tal, n. number of ‘rooms’ in a
-mikill, a. having a large root; -setja, v. ship (skip þrítugt at -tali).
to root, plant. rúma-vegr, m. way to Rome (konungr
ruð, n. a clearing in a wood. var á -vegi), = Rómavegr.
rudda, f. a coarse kind of club. rúm-boraðr, pp. ‘wide-holed’, coarse
ruddu-vetr, m. a severe winter. (of a sieve); -brugðinn, pp. very large

427
rúmr R rýja
(-brugðinn hverr); -fátt, a. n. lack of ty the pantry; r. skip, to unload a ship; r.
room; -heilagr, a. ‘not holy’; -heilagr da- höfn, to clear the harbour, leave the haven;
gr, weekday; -lendi, n. open land; impers., hvernig skjótt ruddi samnaðinn,
-lendr, a. roomy, open, extensive; -liga, how the flock dispersed; (3) as a law term,
adv. roomily (í þeirri höll máttu -liga sitja to challenge; r. kvið, dóm, to challenge
fjögur hundruð manna); -ligr, a. spa- neighbours, jurors, out of the kviðr, dómr;
cious, roomy. (4) with preps., r. e-u á e-t, to throw, toss
rúmr (rýmri, rýmstr), a. (1) roomy, upon (þeir ruddu viðinum á hurðina); r.
ample, spacious, broad (gatan var eigi e-m í brott, to drive away, sweep off; r. sér
rýmri en einn maðr mátti ríða senn); (2) til ríkis, to clear the way to a kingdom, ob-
roomy, loose (fjöturrinn var r.); neut., tain it by conquest; r. til e-s, to clear the
rúmt, roomily (skipin lágu rúmt í höfnin- way for a thing, prepare for (ok ruddu þeir
ni). til likgraptarins); r. e-u upp, to tear up
rúm-snara, f. slip-knot; -stafr, m. (þeir ruddu upp jörðu ok grjóti); (5) refl.,
bed-post, a nickname; -stokkr, m. bed- ryðjast um, to clear one’s way, make great
side; -sævi, n. open sea. havoc.
rúm-verjar, m. pl. the Romans, = ryðjandi (pl. -endr), m. challenger.
Rómverjar. ryðr, m. rust, = ryð.
rúna, f. intimate (female) friend. ryðugr, a. rusty, = ryðgaðr.
rúna-kefli, n. runic stick; -mál, n. the rygr (gen. rygjar, dat. and acc. rygi;
runic alphabet; -meistari, m. an expert pl. rygjar), f. lady, housewife (rygr heitir
in runes. sú kona, er ríkust er).
rúnar, f. pl. (1) secret, hidden lore, wis- ryk, n. dust.
dom; of r. heyrða ek dœma, I heard them rykkja (-ta, -tr), v. (1) to pull, jerk
talk of mysteries; jötna r., the mysteries (hann ætlar at r. honum fram á
of the giants; (2) written characters, runes; stokkinn); (2) to run (en er hón sér þat,
rísta r., to engrave runes (réð ek þær r., rykkir hón fast undan).
er reist þín systir); rísta r. á kefli, to cut rykkr, m. pull, tug, wrench, jerk.
runes on a stick; (3) magical characters or rymja (rym, rumda, rumit), v. to
signs (hann tók við horninu ok reist á r. roar, scream (rymjandi rödd).
ok reið á blóðinu). rymr, m. roaring, noise; randa r., clatter
rúna-stafr, m. runic character. of shields.
rúni, m. intimate friend. rysking, f. a rough shaking.
ryð, n. rust; -frakka, f., -frakki, m. ryskja (-ta, -tr), v. to shake roughly;
rusty weapon; -fullr, a. rusty. refl., ryskjast við e-n, to scuffle with one
ryðga (að), v. to become rusty. (þar myndi ekki þykkja við kollóttan at
ryðja (ryð, rudda, ruddr), v. (1) to r.).
clear, free (land) from trees (r. markir; rytja, f. a vile, shabby thing.
hann ruddi lönd í Haukadal); r. götu geg- rytningr, m. = rýtingr.
num skóg, to clear, open a road through a rýja (rý, rúða, rúinn), v. to pluck the
forest; (2) to clear, empty; r. búrit, to emp- wool off sheep (r. gemlinga).

428
rýma R rœki-liga
rýma (-da, -dr), v. (1) to make more rækja (-ta, -tr), v. to refuse, reject.
roomy (r. garð sinn); r. varðhaldit, to rækr, a. rejected, abhorred, abominable
make the confinement less severe; r. fyri (r. ok rekinn frá guði).
(viz. öllu fólki) veginn, to clear the way; ræna (-ta, -tr), v. to rob, plunder, to
with dat., r. á honum fjötrinum, to loosen deprive (one) of (a thing).
his fetter; (2) r. e-u brott, to drive away, ræningi (pl. -jar), m. (1) robber; (2)
sweep off = ryðja e-u brott (rýmit brott vera r. e-s, to be robbed or plundered by
þongum harmi af yðru brjósti); r. til e- one (þú munt vilja vera r. Ljóts sem mar-
s, to clear, prepare the way for = ryðja til gir aðrir).
e-s; (3) to clear away, break up (þú skalt ræsa (-ta, -tr), v. (1) r. e-t á hendr e-
r. fjalir ór gólfinu); (4) to quit, leave; r. m, to bring a charge against one (eigi var
land, to leave the country, go into exile; r. mér þess ván, at þú mundir þetta r. á
e-t fyrir e-m, to leave (a place, seat) that it hendr mér); (2) impers., ræsir draum, a

R
may be occupied by another (kallar Skap- dream proves true, comes to pass.
ti, at Þ. skyldi r. höfnina fyrir honum ok ræsir, m. chief, king (poet.).
leggja ór læginu); (5) to withdraw, absent ræsta (-sta, -str), v. to clean, sweep
oneself (skulu þér allir eta hér inni, en (konur skulu r. húsin ok tjalda); r.
ek mun r.); r. fyrir e-m, to cede, give up (stífldan) lœk, to clear out a (dammed-up)
one’s place to one (hann rýmdi fyrir her- brook.
ra Ásgrími); r. brott, to go away; (6) refl., ræxn, m. knot (tók hann língarn ok reið
rýmast, to become roomy, widen; r. tekr á ræxna, sem net er síðan).
dalrinn, the dale widens; impers., rýmist, rœða (-dda, -ddr), v. (1) to speak; r.
there is more room (ef rýmdist í kirkjun- um e-t, to speak about (konungr rœddi
ni); rýmdi Grettir þá fram á gólfit, then fátt um þessi tíðendi fyrir mönnum); r.
G. stepped forth on the floor. við e-n, to speak, talk with one (þá rœddi
rýna (-da, -t), v. (1) to talk, converse Höskuldr við Hrút); r. e-t, talk about, dis-
(þau rœddu ok rýndu); (2) r. eptir e-u, to cuss (ef þú rœðir þetta mál fyrir konun-
pry into. gi); (2) refl., rœðast við, to converse about
rýnendr, m. pl. friends, counsellors. (hann sagði henni allt þat, er þeir höfðu
rýrr, a. poor, weak, insignificant. við rœðst).
rýta (-tti, -tt), v. to grunt, squeal, of rœða, f. speech, talk (konungr reiddist
swine (rýtandi ok emjandi). mjök við rœður þessar).
rýtingr (-s, -ar), m. dirk, dagger. rœði, n. oar, rudder.
ræði, n. rule, management. rœðir (gen. -is), m. rower.
ræðis-maðr, m. steward, manager. rœgja (-ða, -ðr), v. to slander, defame;
ræfr, n. roof, = rjáfr, ráfr, ráf. r. menn saman, to set them by the ears by
ræingi (pl. -jar), m. a good-for-nothing slander.
fellow. rœgsla, f. slander, calumny.
ræki-ligr, a. to be rejected. rœki-liga, adv. earnestly, carefully;
rækindi, n. pl. refuse, unclean matter biðjast fyrir -liga, to pray fervently; halda
(hann kvazt aldri etit hafa r.). -liga, to observe strictly; -ligr, a. true,

429
rœkja R röst
sincere (-lig iðran). grow dark (hann þorði hvergi at fara, þe-
rœkja (-ta, -tr), v. to reck, heed, take gar er r. tók); er røkkvit var, after night-
care of; skulu vér r. húðföt vár, let us keep fall.
to our hammocks. rökn, n. pl. = raukn.
rœkt, f. love, affection. røkr, røkkr, n. twilight; ragna r., the
rœkta (að), v. to take care of, regard, twilight of the gods, the end of the world =
keep (r. vel trú sína). ragna rök.
rœktar-leysi, n. negligence. røk-samliga, adv. on good authority;
rœma (-da, -dr), v. to approve of, = ró- -samligr, a. reasonable, just, true;
ma (allir rœmdu vel mál konungs); r. e- -semd, f. reason, authority; -stólar, m.
t lítt, to take it coldly (konungr spyrr, ef pl. judgement-seats.
þeir vildi skírn taka; þeir rœma þat lítt). rönd (pl. randir, rendr), f. (1) rim,
rœta (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) r. e-t upp, to border (rönd var ór gulli); (2) poet. shield;
root up (r. upp illgresi ór guðs akri); (2) leggja randir saman, to lay shield against
refl., rœtast, to take root, strike root, = shield; reisa r. við e-m, to raise the shield
rótfestast. against one, resist, withstand; (3) stripe
röð (gen. raðar, pl. raðar, raðir), f. (dúkr með gulligum röndum).
row, series. röndóttr, a. striped, streaked.
rödd (gen. raddar, pl. raddir), f. röng (gen. rangar, pl. rengr), f. rib
voice; með skjálfandi röddu, with a trem- in a ship.
bling (faltering) voice. rösk-leikr, m. briskness, boldness;
röðull (-s, dat. röðli), m. (1) glory, -liga, adv. gallantly, bravely; -ligr, a.
halo; (2) sun (poet.). doughty (var hann allra manna -ligastr);
rögg (gen. röggvar, pl. röggvar), f. -mannliga, adv. bravely.
tuft, shagginess (of the fur of a cloak). röskóttr, a. = raskóttr (rare).
rögn, n. pl. the gods, = regin. röskr (acc. röskvan), a. vigorous,
rök, n. pl. (1) reason, ground, origin (nú doughty, brave (r. maðr).
skal segja, af hverjum rökum heiðnir röskvast (að), v. refl. to ripen, of fruit;
menn héldu jól); (2) wonder, marvel; forn to grow up, of man (ok er hann
r., great things of yore; firrist (imperat.) æ röskvaðist, fekk konungr honum skip).
forn r. firar, let bygones be bygones; stór röskvi, f. = röskleikr.
r., mighty things, great marvels; tíva r., the röst (gen. rastar, pl. rastir), f. a
life and doings of the gods; þjóða r., origin, strong current in the sea, race.
creation of mankind; í aldar r., at the end röst (gen. rastar, pl. rastir), f. a
of the world; ragna r., see ‘ragnarök’. distance of four or five miles.
røkkva (røkkr, -, røkkvit), v. to

430
saddr sakir

S
no matter what they did, no harm came
to him; recipr., at vér skylim sjálfir um
sakast, that we should injure one another.
saka (að), v. to blame, find fault with;
s. sik um e-t, to blame oneself for (ekki
mun tjá at s. sik um orðinn hlut); recipr.,
sakast um e-t, to blame one another for
a thing; s. sáryrðum, to bandy cutting
saddr, pp. from ‘seðja’, = saðr; vera s. á words.
e-u, to have got enough of. saka-bœtr, f. pl. = sak-bœtr; -dólgr,
saðning, f. satiety, fill. m. = sökudólgr.
saðr, a. sated, having got one’s fill (s. em sakaðr, pp. (1) scathed, damaged (var
ek enn þess). eitt borð sakat í skipi þeirra); (2) guilty
saðr, a. true, = sannr. (hann er því meirr s. en aðrir menn, at
safali, m. sable-fur, = safalaskinn. hann vann á jarli dauðum).
safi, m. sap of trees (börkr af viði ok saka-fullr, a. guilty; -lauss, a. = sak-
safi; ber ok safi). lauss; -laust, adv. without prosecution,
safna, safnaðr, see samna, samnaðr. dropping the prosecution; -maðr, m. a

S
saga (að), v. to saw, cut with a saw man disposed to litigate; -maðr mikill, a
(krossinn var sagaðr í sundr). great ligitant.
saga (gen. sögu, pl. sögur), f. (1) what sakar, prep. with gen. = sakir.
is said, statement (má vera, at sönn sé sakar-aðili, m. the chief party in a
s. þín); (2) tale, story, history; segja, ríta case; -áberi, m. plaintiff, accuser;
sögu, to tell, write a story; hann kemr eigi -eyrir, m. = sakeyrir; -gipt, f. ‘charge-
við þessa sögu, he is not connected with giving’, charge; -spell, n. mispleading, by
this ‘saga’; vera ór sögunni, to be out of which a suit may be lost; -staðr, m.
the story; vera í sögu, to be mentioned in ground which one has for suing another; of-
a story; svá sem sögu, to be mentioned in fence (gefa upp -staðinn); -sœkjandi, m.
a story; svá sem sögur eru til, as the sto- prosecutor.
ry goes; (3) the events which gave rise to sakartöku-váttr, m. a witness to the
the story; hann var þá mjök hniginn á efra handing over of a suit; -vætti, n. witness
aldr, er sjá saga gørðist, when this came of the handing over of a suit.
to pass; (4) tale, report (eigi veit ek um sakar-vandræði, n. pl. dispute.
sögur slíkar, hvárt satt er). sak-bitinn, pp. guilty; -bœtr, f. pl.
saga-tenn, f. pl. saw-teeth. damages, fine (to be paid to the kinsmen
sagna-maðr, -meistari, m. historian; of the slain); -eyrir, m. fine, penalty esp.
-skemtan, f. story-telling (at public a fine due to the king; -ferli, n. lawsuit,
meetings, feasts, &c.). action; -gæfinn, -gæfr, a. quarrelsome,
saka (að), v. to do harm, scathe (jarl contentious.
kvað þat ekki s. mundu); impers., hvat sakir, prep. with gen. on account of, for
sem at var gört, sakaði hann (acc.) ekki, the sake of, = fyrir sakir e-s (s. orða ko-

431
sak-lauss S sam-borinn
nungs). saltr (sölt, salt), a. salt.
sak-lauss, a. not guilty, innocent; salt-steinn, m. salt-stone, pillar of
-leysi, n. (1) um (or fyrir) -leysi, without salt; -sviða, f. = -brenna.
due ground, without cause (þat munu mar- sal-þjóð, f. domestics, = drótt.
gir mæla, at eigi hafi um -leysi verit); sama (samdi, samat), v. to beseem, be-
(2) innocence; -maðr, m. = illvirki; fit, become; e-t samir vel, illa, it befits
-metinn, pp. current, as a legal tender well, ill (mart ferr nú annan veg en bezt
for ‘sakeyrir’. mundi s.); e-m samir e-t vel, illa, it be-
sakna (að), v. to miss, feel the loss of (þá comes one well, ill (illa samir þér at berjast
saknar hann hringsins). í móti mér); vil ek sjá, hvernig þér sami
saknaðr (söknuðr), m. sorrow for a skyrtan, how it fits thee; s. sér vel, to look
lost thing, feeling of loss. well (Hallgerðr sat á palli ok samdi sér
sakni, m. loss. vel).
sak-næmr, a. liable to a charge, blam- sama-góðr, a. fitting, suitable.
able; eiga nökkut -næmt við e-n, to have saman, adv. together, in common (Engey
a quarrel with one; -rúnar, f. pl. runes of skulum við eiga báðir s.); allr s., whole,
strife; -sókn, f. action, lawsuit; -sæll, a. entire (bœndr urðu hræddir við þenna at-
lucky in lawsuits; -taka (see taka), v. to burð allan s.); allir s., all together; þrír,
convict, = sekja; -tal, n. the law as to the fjórir s., three, four together; einn s., one
penalties (sakeyrir) due to the king. alone; smám s., by degrees; köflum s.,
sal, n. payment, instalment. piecemeal; mörgum mönnum s., in
sala, f. sale; hafa (eiga) e-t til sölu, to groups; with a gen. form, til samans =
have on sale, for sale. saman.
sala-kynni, n. pl. homestead, home. saman-dráttr, m. gathering; -eign, f.
sal-drótt, f. household-folk, inmates. conflict; -lestr, m. collection; -líming,
salerni, n. privy, = garðhús, háðhús. f. conglutination; -lostning, f. collision;
sal-garðr, m. wall; -gaukr, m., -samnaðr, m. gathering; -setning, f.
-gofnir, m. poet. the cock; -hús, n. clos- composition; -skrifa (að), v. to compose,
et, room; -kona, f. housemaid; -kynni, n. write.
pl. = salakynni. sam-band, n. connexion, league; -beit,
salr (gen. salar, pl. salir, acc. sali), f. joint pasture; -bjóða (see bjóða), v. to
m. room, hall (skjöldum er s. þakiðr). equal, be equal to; -bland, n. mixing to-
salt, n. salt; leggja sök í s., to shelve a gether, sexual intercourse; -blanda (að),
case. Cf. ‘Eystra-salt’. v. to blend together, mingle; -blandinn,
salta (að), v. to salt, pickle (þeir söl- pp. blended, mixed; -blása (see blása),
tuðu fótinn í hvíta salti). v. to conspire; -blástr, m. conspiracy.
saltari, m. psalter, psalm-book. sam-borgari, m. fellow-citizen.
salt-brenna, f. salt-burning; -gørð, f. samborgar-maðr, m. = samborgari.
salt-making; -hola, f. salt-pit; -karl, m. sam-borinn, pp. born of the same par-
salt-burner; -korn, n. grain of salt; ents; -bróðir, m. brother, fellow-member
-maðr, m. = -karl. of a society, esp. of friars.

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