A Concise

Dictionary
of
Old Icelandic
Fonts by Monokrom
Formatting by Prince
 Published by Oxford University Press

1910Original content by Geir T. Zoëga.

A
from the meeting; Flosi kastaði af sér
skikkjunni, threw off his cloak; Gizzur

A
gekk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from the south-
west; hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína,
he had taken off his shoes; Steinarr vildi
slíta hann af sér, throw him off; tók Gísli
þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms; bréf
af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king
a, a negative suffix to verbs, not; era út- Magnus; land af landi, from one land to
makligt, at it is not unmeet that. the other; hverr af öðrum, one after anoth-
abbadis (pl. -ar), f. abbess. er, in succession; vil ek þú vinnir af þér
abbast (að), v. ref. to be angry, to quar- skuldina, work off the debt; muntu enga
rel (a. við e-n, upp á e-n). sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand; rísa
abbindi (= afbindi), n. constipation. af dauða, to rise from the dead; vakna af
aðal, n. nature, disposition. draumi, to awaken from a dream; lúka upp
aðal- in compds., chief, head, principal; af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse;
-akkeri, n. sheet-anchor; -ból, n. vindr stóð af landi, the wind blew from the
manor; -borinn, pp. of noble birth, = land; (2) out of; verða tekinn af heimi, to
óðal-borinn; -festr, f. see alaðsfestr; be taken out of the world; gruflar hón af
-fylking, f. the main body of troops, cen- læknum, she scrambles out of the brook;
tre; -haf, n. the high sea; -henda, f. = Otradalr var mjök af vegi, far out of the
alhenda; -hending, f. full or perfect way. Connected with út; föstudaginn fór
rhyme, as góð: blóð (opposed to út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the
‘skothending’); -hendr, a. (verse) with town. II. Of time; past, beyond: af óma-
perfect rhymes; -kelda, f. chief well; ga-aldri, able to support oneself, of age;
-kirkja, f. chief part of a church, opp. to ek em nú af léttasta skeiði, no longer in
‘forkirkja’; -liga, adv. completely, quite; the prime of life; þá er sjau vikur eru af
-merki, n. chief banner; -ritning, f. sumri, when seven weeks of summer are
chief writing; -skáli, m. the main hall, past; var mikit af nótt, much of the night
opp. to ‘forskáli, forhús’; -tré, n. trunk was past. III. In various other relations:
of a tree; -troll, n. downright ogre; (1) þiggja lið af e-m, to receive help from
-túlkr, m. chief spokesman. one; hafa umboð af e-m, to be another’s
aðild, f. chief defendantship or prosecu- deputy; vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m,
torship. to deserve good (bad) of one; féll þar lið
aðildarmaðr, m. = aðili. mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind’s men fell
aðili (-ja, -jar, later -a, -ar), m. chief there; þá eru þeir útlagir ok af goðorði
defendant (varnaraðili) or prosecutor (sók- sínu, have forfeited their ‘goðorð’; þá skalt
naraðili, sakaraðili). þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the
af, prep. w. dat. I. Of place: (1) off, claim; ek skal stefna þér af konunni, sum-
from; G. hljóp af hesti sínum, G. jumped mon thee to give up; (2) off, of; höggva
off his horse; ganga af mótinu, to go away fót, hönd, af e-m, to cut off one’s foot,

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afar A af-burðr
hand; vil ek, at þú takir slíkt sem þér of the way; sofa af nóttina, to sleep the
líkar af varningi, whatever you like of the night away.
stores; þar lá forkr einn ok brotit af en- afar, adv., used as an intensive before
danum, with the point broken off; absol., an adj. or another adv., very, exceedingly
beit hann höndina af, bit the hand off; (a. auðigr, a. breiðr, a. vel, a. illa).
fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off; (3) of, afarkosta-laust, adv. on fair terms.
among; hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum afar-kostr, m. hard terms; -ligr, a.
mönnum, the most promising of the young immense, huge; -menni, n. an outstand-
men; (4) with; hláða, (ferma) skip af e-u, ing man; -orð, n. overbearing word; -úði-
to load (freight) a ship with; fylla heiminn gr, a. overbearing; -yrði, n. pl. proud
af sínu kyni, to fill the world with his off- speech.
spring; (5) of (= ór which is more fre- af-auðit, pp. n., e-m verðr afauðit um
quent); húsit var gert af timbr stokkum, e-t, one has bad luck (fails) in a thing;
was built of trunks of trees; (6) fig., eigi vi- -blómga (að), v. to deprive of flowers;
ta menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has fig., afblómga frægð e-s, to detract from
become of him; hvat hefir þú gert af Gun- one’s fame; -boð, n. threats, high words;
nari, what hast thou done with Gunnar?; -bragð, n. paragon (afbragð annarra
(7) denoting parentage, descent, origin; manna); in genitive as a prefix to nouns,
ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, are surpassing, excellent (afbragðs vænleikr,
descended from them; kominn af afbragðs maðr).
Trójumönnum, descended from the Tro- afbragðligr, a. surpassing.
jans; (8) by, of (after passive); ek em afbrigð, n. deviation, transgression.
sendr hingat af Starkaði, sent hither by; afbrigðar-tré, n. tree of transgres-
ástsæll af landsmónnum, beloved of; (9) sion.
on account of, by reason of, by; úbygðr af-brigði, n. (1) alteration; (2) = -brigð;
at frosti ok kulda, because of frost and -brot, n. offence, transgressi on;
cold; ómáli af áverkum, speechless from -brugðning, f. deviation; -brúðigr, a.
wounds; af ástæld hans, by his popularity; jealous; -brýða (-dda, -ddr), v. to be
af því, therefore; af hví, wherefor why; af jealous; -brýði, n. jealousy.
því at, because; (10) by means of, by; fram- afburðar, gen. from ‘afburðr’, used as
fœra e-n af verkum sínum, by means of an intensive before adjectives and ad-
his own labour; af sínu fé, by one’s own verbs, very, exceedingly (a. digr, a. vænn,
means; absol., hann fekk af hina mestu a. sterkliga, a. vel).
sœmd, derived great honour from it; (11) afburðar-maðr, m. man of mark;
with adjectives, in regard to; mildr af fé, -samr, a. given to distinguish oneself;
liberal of money; góðr af griðum, merciful; -skip, n. first-rate ship.
fastr af drykk, close (stingy) in regard to af-burðr, m. superiority; kvað honum
drink; (12) used absol. with a verb, off eigi annat vænna til afburðar, to get the
away; hann bað hann þá róa af fjörðinn, better of it; ok vilda ek, at hón yrði eigi
to row the firth off; ok er þeir höfðu af með minnum afburðum, less glorious;
fjörðung, when they had covered one forth -dalr, m. a remote, an out-oj-the-way,

4
affara- A afkleyfis-orð
valley; -deilingr, m. part, portion, af-gøra (-ða, -ðr), v. to do amiss, do
share; -dráttr, m. (1) diminution, deduc- wrong (ek hefi engan hlut afgørt við þik);

A
tion; (2) subtraction; -drif, n. pl. destiny, -gørð, f. transgression, offence; -hallr,
fate (líkligr til stórra afdrifa); -drykkja, a. having a downward slope; -haugr, m.
f. = ofdrykkja; -dœma (-da, -dr), v. (1) side-mound; -hefð, f. withholding, anoth-
to take away from one by judicial decision et’s property; -helgast (að), refl. to be-
(afdœma e-n e-u); (2) to prohibit; -eggja come unholy, to be profaned; -hellir, m.
(að), v. to dissuade; -eigna (að), v. to dis- side-cave; -henda (-nda, -ndr), v. (1) to
possess (afeigna e-m e-t); -eista (að), v. hand over; (2) to pay (afhenda skuld);
to castrate; -erfa (-ða, -ðr), v. to disin- -hendis, adv. off one’s hand; -hendr, a.
herit; -eyringr, m. one whose ears have out of one’s hand; segja e-n (sér) afhen-
been cut off; -fall, n. diminution, abate- dan, to give one up; -hent, a. n. unfit
ment; selja e-t með afföllum, to sell at a (e-m er e-t afhent); -heyrandi, pr. p.
discount. out of hearing; absent, opp. to ‘áheyran-
affara-, gen. pl. from ‘afför’, depar- di’; -heyris, adv. out of hearing, opp. to
ture; hence affara-dagr, m. the last day ‘áheyris’; -hlaup, n. surplus; -hlutr, m.
of a feast; -dagr jóla, Twelth Night; af- share of a thing; -hlýðast (-dd), v. refl.
fara-kveld, n. the last evening of a feast. to disobey; -hrapi, m. impoverishment;
af-feðrast (að), v. to degenerate; -hroð, n. damage, loss; gjalda mikit
-ferma (-da, -dr), v. to unload (afferma afhroð, to sustain a heavy loss; gera mikit
skip); -fletta (-tta, -ttr), v. to strip afhroð, to make great havoc; -huga, a. in-
(affletta e-n e-u); -flutningr, m. (1) de- decl. having turned one’s mind from; verða
preciation; (2) dissuasion; -flytja (see afhuga e-u, to mind no more; -hugaðr,
flytja), v. (1) to disparage (afflytja fyrir a. = -huga (-hugaðr við e-t); -hugast
e-m); (2) to represent as unadvisable; (að), v. refl. to put out of one’s mind, with
-fœra, v. to misrepresent; -gamall, a. dat.; -hús, n. outhouse, side-apartinent;
very old, decrepit; -ganga, f. (1) digres- -hvarf, n. deviation from the direct path
sion; (2) deviation from the right course (opp. to ‘gagnvegr’); -hýða (-dda,
(afganga guðs laga); -gangr, m. (1) sur- -ddr), v. to scourge thoroughly; -hylja
plus; hafa hey með afgöngum, to spare; (see hylja), v. to uncover; -hyrning, f.
afgangs, left over, remaining; (2) decease, by-corner, recess; -hæra (-ðs, -ðr), v. to
death; -gelja, f. chattering; -gipt, f. in- cut off the hair; -höfða (að), v. to behead;
dulgence, absolution. -högg, n. hewing off, mutilation; chip-
afgiptar-bréf, n. letter of indulgence. pings.
af-gjarn, a. eager to be off (afgjarnt er afi, m. (1) grandfather; (2) man; a. eptir
öfundarfé); -gjöf, f. tribute; -glapa afa, in regular descent.
(að), v. to disturb an assembly or public af-kaup, n. bad bargain (opp. to
meeting; -glapan, f. disturbance (þings ‘hagkeypi’).
afglapan); -glapi, m. fool, simpleton; af-kárr, a. strange, prodigious.
-greizla, f. payment, contribution. afkleyfis-orð, n., -samstafa, f. a su-
afgöngu-dagr, m. = affara-dagr. perfluous word, syllable (in a verse).