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06 Derivation Trigonometrics Logarithm Functions

The document discusses the derivation of trigonometric and logarithmic functions, detailing methods to find their derivatives using limits and specific formulas. It includes examples of derivatives for various functions such as sine, cosine, and natural logarithm, along with exercises for practice. Additionally, it covers properties of logarithms and exponential functions, providing a comprehensive overview of differentiation techniques.

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20 views12 pages

06 Derivation Trigonometrics Logarithm Functions

The document discusses the derivation of trigonometric and logarithmic functions, detailing methods to find their derivatives using limits and specific formulas. It includes examples of derivatives for various functions such as sine, cosine, and natural logarithm, along with exercises for practice. Additionally, it covers properties of logarithms and exponential functions, providing a comprehensive overview of differentiation techniques.

Uploaded by

mokalevo06
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Derivation:

Trigonometrics,
Logarithm functions
Derivative of Trigonometric
 Using limit, and some rules of trigonometric, we
can find the derivative of sin x, and x in radian.
 sin(x+h)=sin x . cos h + cos x. sin h, then
f (x) sin x
f (x h) f (x)
f '(x) lim
h 0 h
sin x.cos h cos x.sin h sin x
f '(x) lim
h 0 h
sin x(cosh 1) cos x sin h
f '(x) lim
h 0 h
cosh 1 lim cos x. sin h
f '(x) lim sin x.
h 0 h h 0 h
f '(x) sin x.0 cos x.1 cos x
2
For other functions
 With the same method, we can find other
functions such as f(x)=cos x, then f’(x)=-sin x
 examples: find dy/dx if
 y=csc x
 y = sec x
 y=tan x
 y=(cos x)/(1-sin x)

3
Formulas

d
(tan x) sec2 x
dx
d
(secx) sec x tan x
dx
d
(cotx) csc2 x
dx
d
(cscx) cscx cot x
dx

4
Exercises
Find the derivative of the following functions.

1. y (sec x tan x)(secx tan x)


1 sect
2. s
1 sect
sin
3. r
1 cos

5
Natural Logarithm
 e is a number which satisfies ln(e)=1
 The derivative of y=ln x
d 1
ln x
dx x
 Properties of logarithm
ln ax ln a ln x
a
ln ln a ln x
x
1
ln ln x
x
ln x r r ln x
6
Inverse natural logarithm
 Function Inverse y= ln x is y= ex

e ln x x; x 0
ln(e x ) x; x
 Rules ex
1. e x1 .e x2 e x1 x2

x 1
2. e
ex
e x1
3. x2 e x1 x2
e
4. (e x1 ) x2 e x1 x2 (e x2 ) x1
7
Derivative of natural logarithm
d x x
e e
dx
d u u du
e e ; if u is a functionof x
dx dx

8
Exponential function
 For a>0 and x, exponential function with the
basis a is

ax = ex ln a
d x
 The derivative of ax is a a x ln a
dx

 If au, u is a function of x, then

d u du
a a u ln a
dx dx

9
Examples

d x
1. 3 3 x ln 3
dx
d cosx
2. 4 4cos x (ln 4)( sin x)
dx
d sin 3x
3. 2
dx
d x 2
4. 5
dx

10
Logarithm basis a
 For positive numbers a≠1
logax is an inverse function of ax

 Inverse function

a log a x x; x 0
log(ax ) x; forall x
 Logarithm basis a is expressed in natural
logarithm
1 ln x
log a x .ln x
ln a ln a
11
derivative
 If u is a positive function which is
differentiable on x, then
d 1 1 du
(log a u) .
dx ln a u dx
 example
d 2 1 1 d 2
1. log 9 (x 2) . (x 2)
2
dx ln 9 x 2 dx
d tan x d
2. (3 ln 3) 3tan x ln 3 tan x 3tan x ln 3sec2 x
dx dx

12

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