Chemical Equilibrium

1. What would be the value of ∆n for the reaction N H 4 Cl(s)⇌ N H 3 (g)+ HCl(g)
(a) 1 (b) 0.5 (c) 1.5 (d) 2
2. Which of the following is not a general characteristic of equilibria involving physical processes?
(a) Equilibrium is possible only in a closed system at a given temperature.
(b) All measurable properties of the system remain constant.
(c) All the physical processes stop at equilibrium.
(d) The opposing processes occur at the same rate and there is dynamic but stable condition.
3. PC l 5, PC l 3 and C l 2 are at equilibrium at 500K in a closed container and their concentrations
are 0.8 × 10 – 3 mol L– 1, 1.2 × 10 – 3 mol L– 1 and 1.2 × 10 – 3 mol L– 1 respectively. The value of Kc
for the reaction PC l 5 (g) ⇌ PC l 3 (g) + C l 2 (g) will be
(a) 1.8 × 103 mol L– 1 (b) 1.8 × 10 – 3 mol L– 1
(c) 1.8 × 10 – 3 L mo l – 1 (d) 0.55 × 104 mol L– 1
4. A chemical reaction X⇌ Y is said to be in equilibrium when -
(A) 50% of the conversion has taken place
(B) only 10% conversion of X to Y has taken place
(C) the rate of change of X to Y is equal to the rate of change of Y to X in the system
(D) there is change in the concentration of either x or y
5. For which of the following KP is less than Kc?

(A) N2O4 2NO2

(C) H2 + I2 2HI

(D) CO + H2O CO2 + H2

6. For homogeneous gas reaction 4NH 3 + 5O2 4NO + 6H2O. The equilibrium constant K c has
the unit of -
(A) (concentration)1 (B) (concentration)-1
(C) (concentration)9 (D) (concentration)10
7. The decomposition of N2O4 to NO2 was carried out in chloroform at 2800C. At equilibrium, 0.2
mol of N2O4 and 2 x 10-3 mole of NO2 were present in 2L of solution. The equilibrium constant
for the reaction N 2 O 4 ⇌ 2 N O 2 is
(A) 0.01 ×10−3 (B) 2.0 ×10−3
(C) 2.0 ×10−5 (D) 0.01 ×10−5
8. The equilibrium constant expression for the equilibrium 2NH3(g) + 2O2(g) N2O(g) + 3H2O(g)
is:
[ N 2 O ][ H 2 O ]3 [ H 2 O] 3 [ N 2 O ]
2 2
(A) KC = [ NH 3 ][O2 ] (B) Kc = [ NH 3 ] [O2 ]
 [ NH 3 ]2 [O2 ]2 [ NH 3 ][O2 ]
3
(C) Kc = [ N 2 O ][ H 2 O ] (D) Kc = [ N 2 O ][ H 2 O ]

9. An equilibrium system for the reaction between hydrogen and iodine to give hydrogen iodide at
765K in a 5-litre volume contains 0.4 mole of hydrogen, 0.4 mole of iodine and 2.4 moles of
hydrogen iodide. The equilibrium constant for the reaction is H2 + I2 2HI, is -

(A) 36.0 (B) 15.0

(0.5)2 (0.5)2
3 3
(A) (0.75) (2.25) (B) (0.5)(2.5)
( 0.5) L
3
(C) (0.75) (2.5) (D) none of these
1
11. The equilibrium constant of the reaction SO2(g) + 2 O2(g) SO3(g) is 4 × 10–3 atm–1/2. The
equilibrium constant of the reaction 2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) would be:
(A) 250 atm (B) 4 × 103 atm
(C) 0.25 × 104 atm (D) 6.25 × 104 atm
12. 5 moles of S O 2 and 5 moles of O 2 are allowed to react to form S O 3 in a closed vessel. At the
equilibrium stage 60% of S O 2 is used up. The total number of moles of S O 2, O 2 and S O 3 in the
vessel now is (a) 10.0 (b) 8.5 (c) 10.5 (d) 3.9
13. 40% of a mixture of 0.2 mol of N 2 and 0.6 mol of H 2 reacts to give N H 3 according to the
equation: N 2 +3 H 2 ⇌2 N H 3 at constant temperature and pressure. Then the ratio of the final
volume to the initial volume of gases are (a) 4 : 5 (b) 5 : 4 (c) 7 : 10 (d) 8 : 5
14. The value of KP for the reaction 2H2O(g) + 2Cl2(g) 4HCl (g) + O2(g) is 0.03 atm at 427ºC, when
the partial pressure are expressed in atmosphere, then the value of KC for the same reaction is -
(A) 5.23 × 10–4 (B) 7.34 × 10–4
(C) 3.2 × 10–3 (D) 5.43 × 10–5
KP
15. For the equilibrium 2NOBr(g) 2NO(g) + Br (g), calculate the ratio P , where P is the total
2
P
P Br
pressure and 2 = 9 at a certain temperature -
1 1 1 1
(A) 9 (B) 81 (C) 27 (D) 3
16. 28g of N2 and 6g of H2 were mixed. At equilibrium 17g NH 3 was produced. The weight of N 2 and
H2 at equilibrium are respectively -
 (A) 11g, 0g (B) 1g, 3g
(C) 14g, 3g (D) 11g, 3g
17. A 1 litre container contains 2 moles of PCl 5 initially. If at equilibrium, KC is found to be 1, degree
of dissociation of PCl5 is -
1
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 50
18. N2 + 3H2 2NH3. Starting with one mole of nitrogen and 3 moles of hydrogen, at equilibrium
50% of each had reached. If the equilibrium pressure is P, the pressure of hydrogen at
equilibrium would be -
(A) P/2 (B) P/3 (C) P/4 (D) P/6
19. The active mass of 64 gm of HI in a two litre flask would be: (Given: Iodine M=127).
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 5 (d) 0.25
20. The rate constant for forward and backward reactions of hydrolysis of ester are 1.1 × 10 – 2 and
1.5 × 10 – 3 per minute respectively. Equilibrium constant for the reaction is
(a) 4.33 (b) 5.33 (c) 6.66 (d) 7.33
21. 4 moles of A are mixed with 4 moles of B. At equilibrium for the reaction A + B⇌ C + D, 1 mole of
C and D are formed. The equilibrium constant for the reaction will be (a) 1/4 (b) 1/9 (c) 1 (d) 4
22. On a given condition, the equilibrium concentration of HI, H 2 and I 2 are 0.40, 0.10 and 0.10
mole/litre. The equilibrium constant for the reaction H 2 + I 2 ⇌ 2HI will be (a) 64 (b) 16 (c) 8 (d)
0.8
23. For the system A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ C(g), the equilibrium concentrations are (A) 0.06 mole/litre (B)
0.12 mole/litre (C) 0.216 mole/litre. The Keq for the reaction is (a) 250 (b) 416 (c) 4 × 10 – 3 (d)
125
24. Unit of equilibrium constant for the reversible reaction H 2 + I 2 ⇌ 2 HI is (a) mo l – 1 litre (b)
–2 –1
mo l litre (c) mol litr e (d) None of these
25. In a reaction A+ B ⇌C + D , the concentrations of A, B, C and D (in moles/litre) are 0.5, 0.8, 0.4
and 1.0 respectively. The equilibrium constant is (a) 0.1 (b) 1.0 (c) 10 (d) 
26. A+ B ⇌C + D , If finally, the concentration of A and B are both equal but at equilibrium
concentration of D will be thrice of that of A then what will be the equilibrium constant of
reaction: (a) 4/9 (b) 4 (c) 1/9 (d) 9
27. For the reaction 2 S O 2+O 2 ⇌ 2 S O 3, the units of Kc are (a) litre/mole (b) mol/litre (c) (mol
–1 –1
litr e ¿2 (d) (litre mol e )2
28. The equilibrium concentration of X, Y and Y X 2 are 4, 2 and 2 moles respectively for the
equilibrium 2X + Y ⇌ Y X 2. The value of Kc is (a) 0.625 (b) 0.0625 (c) 6.25 (d) 0.00625
29. In a 500 ml capacity vessel CO and C l 2 are mixed to form COC l 2. At equilibrium, it contains 0.2
moles of COC l 2 and 0.1 mole of each of CO and C l 2. The equilibrium constant Kc for the
reaction CO + C l 2 ⇌ COC l 2 is (a) 40 (b) 10 (c) 15 (d) 20
30. 4.5 moles each of hydrogen and iodine heated in a sealed ten litre vessel. At equilibrium, 3
moles of HI were found. The equilibrium constant for H 2 + I 2 ⇌ 2 HI is: (a) 1 (b) 10 (c) 5 (d) 0.33
31. An equilibrium mixture of the reaction 2 H 2 S ( g ) ⇌2 H 2 (g)+S 2 (g) had 0.5 mole H 2S, 0.10
mole H 2 and 0.4 mole S2 in one litre vessel. The value of equilibrium constant (K) in mole
−1
litr e is (a) 0.004 (b) 0.008 (c) 0.016 (d) 0.160
32. For the equilibrium N 2 +3 H 2 ⇌2 N H 3 , Kc at 1000K is 2.37 ×10 – 3 If at equilibrium [ N 2] = 2M, [
H 2] = 3M, the concentration of N H 3 is (a) 0.00358 M (b) 0.0358 M (c) 0.358 M (d) 3.58 M
33. Two moles of N H 3 when put into a previously evacuated vessel (one litre), partially dissociate
into N 2 and H 2. If at equilibrium one mole of N H 3 is present, the equilibrium constant is (a)
3/4 (b) 27/64 (c) 27/32 (d) 27/16
34. In Haber process 30 litres of dihydrogen and 30 litres of dinitrogen were taken for reaction
which yielded only 50% of the expected product. What will be the composition of gaseous
mixture under the aforesaid condition in the end (a) 20 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15
litres hydrogen (b) 20 litres ammonia, 20 litres nitrogen, 20 litres hydrogen (c) 10 litres
ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen (d) 20 litres ammonia, 10 litres nitrogen, 30 litres
hydrogen
35. For the reaction equilibrium N 2 O 4 ⇌ 2 N O 2(g) , the concentrations of N 2 O 4 and N O2 at
equilibrium are 4.8 × 10 – 2 and 1.2 × 10 – 2 mol litr e – 1 respectively. The value of Kc for the
reaction is (a) 3.3 × 102 (b) 3 × 10 (c) 3 × 10 – 3 (d) 3 × 103
36. The equilibrium constant for the reaction N 2 (g)+O 2 (g)⇌ 2 NO (g) at temperature T is 4 ×
1 1
10 . The value of Kc for the reaction NO ( g)⇌ O2 ( g ) N (g) at the same temperature is (a)
–4
2 2
–4 2
4 × 10 (b) 50 (c) 2.5 × 10 (d) 0.02
37. In the reaction, H 2 + I 2 ⇌ 2 HI . In a 2 litre flask 0.4 moles of each H 2 and I 2 are taken. At
equilibrium 0.5 moles of HI are formed. What will be the value of equilibrium constant, Kc (a)
20.2 (b)25.4 (c) 0.284 (d) 11.1
38. 2 mol of N 2 is mixed with 6 mol of H 2 in a closed vessel of one litre capacity. If 50% of N 2 is
converted into N H 3 at equilibrium, the value of Kc for the reaction N 2 +3 H 2 ⇌2 N H 3 is (a)
4/27 (b)27/4 (c) 1/27 (d) 24
1
39. Equilibrium constants K1 and K2 for the following equilibria NO ( g ) + O 2 ⇌ N O2 (g) and
2
1 K1 1
2 N O2 (g)⇌2 NO (g)+O2 (g) are related as (a) K 2= (d) K 2= 2
2
(b) K 2 K 1 (c) K 2=
K1 2 K1
1
40. 28. Two gaseous equilibria S O 2 ( g )+ O 2 ( g)⇌ S O3 (g) and S O 3 ( g)⇌ 2 S O2 ( g ) +O 2 (g) have
2
equilibrium constants K 1 and K 2 respectively at 298 K. Which of the following relationships
2 2
between K 1 and K 2 is correct (a) K 1 = K 2 (b) K 2 = K 1 (c) K 2 = 1/ K 1 (d) K 2 = 1/ K 1
41. At a given temperature, the equilibrium constant for reaction PC l 5 ( g ) ⇌ PC l 3 (g)+C l 2 ( g) is
2.4 × 10 – 3. At the same temperature, the equilibrium constant for reaction PC l 3 (g) + C l 2 (g)
PC l 5 (g) is (a) 2.4 × 10 – 3 (b) – 2.4 × 10 – 3 (c) 4.2 × 102 (d) 4.8 × 10 – 2
42. In which of the following, the reaction proceeds towards completion (a) K = 103 (b) K = 10 – 2 (c) K
= 10 (d) K = 1
 43. For the reaction H 2 + I 2 ⇌ 2 HI at 721K the value of equilibrium constant ( K c ) is 50. When the
equilibrium concentration of both is 0.5M, the value of Kp under the same conditions will be (a)
0.002 (b) 0.2 (c) 50.0 (d) 50 / RT
44. A mixture of 0.3 mole of H 2 and 0.3 mole of I 2 is allowed to react in a 1 litre flask at 500ºC. The
reaction is H 2 + I 2 ⇌ 2 HI , the K is found to be 16. The amount of unreacted I 2 at equilibrium is
(a) 0.1 mole (b) 0.06 mole (c) 0.03 mole (d) 0.2 mole
45. X Y 2 dissociates as: X Y 2 (g) ⇌ XY(g) Y(g). Initial pressure of X Y 2 is 600 mm Hg. The total
pressure at equilibrium is 800 mm Hg. Assuming volume of system to remain constant, the value
of Kp is (a) 50 (b) 100 (c) 200 (d) 400
46. 15 mol of H 2 and 5.2 moles of I 2 are mixed and allowed to attain equilibrium at 500ºC. At
equilibrium, the concentration of HI is found to be 10 mol. The equilibrium constant for the
formation of HI is. (a) 50 (b) 25 (c) 200 (d) 15
47. For the equilibrium AB (g) ⇌ A(g) + B(g). Kp is equal to four times the total pressure. Calculate
the number moles of A formed if one mol of AB is taken initially. (a) 0.45 (b) 0.30 (c) 0.60 (d)
0.90
−¿¿
−¿ ⇌ I ¿
48. I 2+ I 3
. This reaction is set-up in aqueous medium. We start with 1 mol of I 2 and 0.5 mol
−¿¿
of I in 1L flask. After equilibrium is reached, excess of AgN O 3 gave 0.25 mol of yellow
precipitate of AgI . Equilibrium constant is (a) 1.33 (b) 2.66 (c) 2.00 (d) 3.00
49. A 1 M solution of glucose reaches dissociation equilibrium according to equation given below
6 HCHO ⇌ C 6 H 12 O6 What is the concentration of HCHO at equilibrium if equilibrium constant
is 6 × 1022 (a) 1.6 × 10 – 8 M (b) 3.2 × 10 – 6 M (c) 3.2 × 10 – 4 M (d) 1.6 × 10 – 4 M
50. One mole of N 2 O 4 (g) at 100 K is kept in a closed container at 1.0 atm pressure. It is heated to
400 K, where 30% by mass of N 2 O 4 (g) decomposes of N O2 (g). The resultant pressure will be
(a) 4.2 (b) 5.2 (c) 3.2 (d) 6.2

Answers:

1. D
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. A
8. B
9. A
10. A
11. D
12. B
13. A
14. A
15. B
16. C
17. C
18. A
19. D
20. D
21. B
22. B
23. A
24. D
25. B
26. D
27. A
28. B
29. B
30. A
31. C
32. C
33. D
34. C
35. C
36. B
37. D
38. A
39. D
40. C
41. C
42. A
43. C
44. A
45. B
46. A
47. D
48. A
49. D
50. B