Chemical Equilibrium

ALLEN
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
EXERCISE – I OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS (JEE MAIN / AIPMT)
1. For the reaction equilibrium :
N2O4 (g) 2NO2(g) ; the concentration of N2O4 and NO2 at equilibrium are 4.8 × 10–2 and 1.2 × 10–
2
mol/L respectively. The value of Kc for the reaction is :
(A) 3 × 10–3 M (B) 3 × 103 M (C) 3.3 × 102 M (D) 3 × 10–1 M
2. What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction P 4(s) + 5O2(g) P4O10(s) :
1 [P4 O10 ] [P4 O10 ]
(A) K c  (B) K c  (C) Kc = [O2]5 (D) K c 
[O 2 ] 5 5[P4 ] [O 2 ]5 [P4 ] [O 2 ]5
3. The equilibrium constant for the reaction :
N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g) at temperature
T is 4 × 10 . The value of Kc for the reaction.
–4

1 1
NO(g) N (g) + O2(g) at the same temperature is :
2 2 2
(A) 0.02 (B) 50 (C) 4 × 10–4 (D) 2.5 × 10–2
4. The equilibrium constant for the given reaction :
1
SO3(g) SO2(g) +
O (g); Kc = 4.9 × 10–2
2 2
The value of Kc for the reaction :
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g), will be
(A) 416 (B) 2.40 × 10–3 (C) 9.8 × 10–2 (D) 4.9 × 10–2
5. For the following three reactions 1, 2 and 3, equilibrium constants are given :
(1) CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g)+H2(g) ; K1 (2) CH4(g)+H2O(g) CO(g)+3H2(g) ; K2

(3) CH4(g)+2H2O(g) CO2(g)+4H2(g) ; K3

Which of the following relations is correct ?

(A) K 1 K 2  K 3 (B) K2K3 = K1 (C) K3 = K1K2 (D) K3. K23K12

6. Consider following reactions in equilbrium with equilibrium concentration 0.01M of every species
(I) PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) (II) 2HI(g) H2(g) + I2(g)

(III) N2(g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3(g)

Extent of the reactions taking place is :
(A) I > II > III (B) I < II < III (C) II < III < I (D) III < I < II
7. A definite amount of solid NH 4 HS is placed in a flask already containing ammonia gas at a
certain temperature and 0.50 atm pressure. NH4HS decomposes to give NH3 and H2S and at equilibrium total
pressure in flask is 0.84 atm. The equilibrium constant for the reaction is :
(A) 0.30 (B) 0.18 (C) 0.17 (D) 0.11

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 Chemical Equilibrium

8. For the reaction 3A(g) + B(g) 2C(g) at a given temperature, Kc = 9.0. What must be the volume
of the flask, if a mixture of 2.0 mol each of A, B and C exist in equilibrium ?
(A) 6 L (B) 9 L (C) 36 L (D) None of these
9. Sulfide ion in alkaline solution reacts with solid sulfur to form polysulfide ions having formulas S22–, S32–, S42–
and so on. The equilibrium constant for the formation of S22– is 12 (K1) & for the formation of S32– is 132
(K2), both from S and S2–. What is the equilibrium constant for the formation of S32– from S22– and S
(A) 11 (B) 12 (C) 132 (D) None of these
10. 1 mole N2 and 3 mol H2 are placed in a closed container at a pressure of 4 atm. The pressure falls to 3 atm
at the same temperature when the following equilibrim is attained.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g). The equilibrium constant Kp for dissociation of NH3 is :

1 0.5  (1.5)3 33

(A)  (1.5)3 atm–2 (B) 0.5 × (1.5)3 atm2 (C) atm 2 (D) atm – 2
0. 5 33 0.5  (1.5)3

11. One mole of N2O4(g) at 300 K is left in a closed container under one atm. It is heated to 600 K when 20%
by mass of N2O4 (g) decomposes to NO2(g). The resultant pressure is :
(A) 1.2 atm (B) 2.4 atm (C) 2.0 atm (D) 1.0 atm
12. For the following gases equilibrium. N2O4(g) 2NO2(g) Kp is found to be equal to Kc. This is attained
when temperature is
(A) 0°C (B) 273 K (C) 1 K (D) 12.19 K
13. For the reaction :

1
CO(g) + O (g) CO2(g), Kp/Kc is :
2 2
(A) RT (B) (RT)–1 (C) (RT)–1/2 (D) (RT)1/2
14. For the reaction :
2NO2(g) 2NO(g) + O2(g) Kc = 1.8 × 10–6 at 184° C and R = 0.083 JK–1 mol–1. When Kp and Kc are
compared at 184°C, it is found that :
(A) Kp > Kc (B) Kp < Kc (C) Kp = Kc (D) None of these
15. PCl5 dissociation a closed container as :
PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
If total pressure at equilibrium of the reaction mixture is P and degree of dissociation of PCl 5 is , the par-
tial pressure of PCl3 will be :

    2       
(A) P.  (B) P.  (C) P.  (D) P. 
   1 1 –     – 1 1 –  

16. For the reaction : 2HI (g) H2(g) + I2(g), the degree of dissociated () of HI(g) is related to equi-
librium constant Kp by the expression :

1 2 Kp 1  2K p 2K p 2 Kp
(A) (B) (C) 1  2K p (D)
2 2 1 2 Kp

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Chemical Equilibrium

17. The equilibrium constant for the reaction

A(g) + 2B(g) C(g) is 0.25 dm6 mol–2. In a volume of 5 dm3, what amount of A must be mixed with
4 mol of B to yield 1 mol of C at equilibrium.
(A) 3 moles (B) 24 moles (C) 26 moles (D) None of these
18. For the reaction
A(g) + 2B(g) C(g) + D(g); Kc = 1012 If the initial moles of A, B, C and D are 0.5, 1, 0.5 and 3.5 moles
respectively in a one litre vessel. What is the equilibrium concentration of B ?
(A) 10–4 (B) 2 × 10–4 (C) 4 × 10–4 (D) 8 × 10–4
19. The equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction,
A(g) + 2B(g) 3C(g) is 2 × 10–3
What would be the equilibrium partial pressure of gas C if initial pressure of gas A & B are 1 & 2 atm re-
spectively.
(A) 0.0625 atm (B) 0.1875 atm (C) 0.21 atm (D) None of these
20. A 20.0 litre vessel initially contains 0.50 mole each of H2 and I2 gases. These substances react and finally
reach an equilibrium condition. Calculate the equilibrium concentration of HI if Keq = 49 for the reaction H2
+ I2 2HI.
(A) 0.78 M (B) 0.039 M (C) 0.033 M (D) 0.021 M
21. A vessel of 250 litre was filled with 0.01 mole of Sb2S3 and 0.01 mole of H2 to attain the equilibrium at 440°c as
Sb2S3(s) + 3H2(g) 2Sb(s) + 3H2S(g).
After equilibrium the H2S formed was analysed by dissolving it in water and treating with excess of Pb 2+
to give. 1.195 g of PbS (Molecular weight = 239) precipitate.
What is value of Kc of the reaction at 440°C ?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) None of these
22. The equilibrium constant for the reaction
CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) is 3 at 500 K. In a 2 litre vessel 60 gm of water gas [equimolar mix-
ture of CO(g) and H2(g)] and 90 gm of steam is initially taken.
What is the equilibrium concentration of H2(g) at equilibrium (mole/L) ?
(A) 1.75 (B) 3.5 (C) 1.5 (D) 0.75
23. At 87°C, the following equilibrium is established
H2(g) + S(s) H2S(g) Kp = 7 × 10–2
If 0.50 mole of hydrogen and 1.0 mole of sulfur are heated to 87°C in 1.0 L vessel, what will be the par-
tial pressure of H2S at equilibrium ?
(A) 0.966 atm (B) 1.38 atm (C) 0.0327 (D) 9.66 atm
24. At certain temperature (T) for the gas phase reaction
2H2O(g)+2Cl2(g) 4HCl(g)+O2(g)Kp=12×108 atm
If Cl2, HCl & O2 are mixed in such a manner that the partial pressure of each is 2 atm and the mixture is
brough into contact with excess of liquid water. What would be approximate partial pressure of Cl 2 when
equilibrium is attained at tmeperature (T) ?
[Given : Vapour pressure of water is 380 mm Hg at temperature (T)]
(A) 3.6 × 10–5 atm (B) 10–4 atm (C) 3.6 × 10–3 atm (D) 0.01 atm

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 Chemical Equilibrium

25. At 675 K, H2(g) and CO2(g) react to form CO(g) and H2O(g), Kp for the reaction is 0.16.
If a mixture of 0.25 mole of H2(g) and 0.25 mol of CO2 is heated at 675 K, mole% of CO(g) in equilibrium
mixture is :
(A) 7.14 (B) 14.28 (C) 28.57 (D) 33.33
26. In which of the following reactions, increase in the pressure at constant temperature does not affect the
moles at equilibrium.
1
(A) 2NH3(g) N2(g) + 3H2(g) (B) C(g) + O (g) CO(g)
2 2
1
(C) H2(g) + O (g) H2O(g) (D) H2(g) + I2(g) 2 HI(g)
2 2
27. Change in volume of the system does not alter the number of moles in which of the following equilibrium
(A) N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g) (B) PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)

(C) N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) (D) SO2Cl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g)

28. The conditions favourable for the reaction :
2SO2(g)+O2(g) 2SO3(g) ; H° = – 198 kJ
are :
(A) low temperature, high pressure (B) any value of T and P
(C) low temperature and low pressure (D) high temperature and high pressure
29. The exothermic formation of ClF3 is represented by the equation :
Cl2(g) + 3F2(g) 2ClF3(g) H = – 329 kJ
Which of the following will increase the quantity of ClF3 in an equilibrium mixture of Cl2, F2 and ClF3 :
(A) Increasing the temperature (B) Removing Cl2
(C) Increasing the volume of container (D) Adding F2
30. Densities of diamond and graphite are 3.5 and 2.3 gm/mL. respectively and for
C(diamond) C (graphite) H=–1.9 kJ/mole favourable conditions for formation of diamond are
(A) high pressure and low temperature (B) low pressure and high temperature
(C) high pressure and high temperature (D) low pressure and low temperature
31. The equilibrium SO2Cl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g) is attained at 25°C in a closed rigid container and an inert
gas, helium in introduced. Which of the following statements is/are correct.
(A) concentrations of SO2, Cl2 and SO2Cl2 do not change (B) more chlorine is formed
(C) concentration of SO2 is reduced (D) more SO2Cl2 is formed
32. Following two equilibrium is simultaneously established in a container
PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)

CO(g) + Cl2(g) COCl2(g)

If some Ni(s) is introduced in the container forming Ni (CO) 4(g) then at new equilibrium
(A) PCl3 concentration will increase (B) PCl3 concentration will decrease
(C) Cl2 concentration will remain same (D) CO concentration will remain same

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Chemical Equilibrium

33. The yield of product in the reaction

2A(g) + B(g) 2C(g) + Q kJ
would be lower at :
(A) low temperature and low pressure (B) high temperature & high pressure
(C) low temperature and high pressure (D) high temperature & low pressure
34. What is the effect of the reduction of the volume of the system for the equilibrium
2C(s) + O2(g) 2CO(g) ?
(A) The equilibrium will be shifted to the left by the increased pressure caused by the reduction in volume
(B) The equilibrium will be shifted to the right by the decreased pressure caused by the reduction in volume.
(C) The equilibrium will be shifted to the left by the increased pressure caused by the increase in volume.
(D) The equilibrium will be shifted to the right by the increased pressure caused by the reduction in volume.
35. The vapour density of N2O4 at a certain temperature is 30. What is the % dissociation of N2O4 at this temperature?
(A) 53.3 % (B) 106.6 % (C) 26.7 % (D) None
36. The equilibrium constant Kp (in atm) for the reaction is 9 at 7 atm and 300 K.
A2(g) B2(g) + C2(g)
Calculate the average molar mass (in gm/mol) of an equilibrium mixture.
Given : Molar mass of A2, B2 and C2 are 70, 49 & 21 gm/mol respectively.
(A) 50 (B) 45 (C) 40 (D) 37.5
37. Vapour density of the equilibrium mixture of the reaction
2NH3(g) N2(g) + 3H2 (g) is 6.0
Percent dissociation of ammonia gas is :
(A) 13.88 (B) 58.82 (C) 41.66 (D) None of these
38. Equimolar mixture of two gases A2 and B2 is taken in a rigid vessel at temperature 300 K. The gases re-
acts according to given equations :
A2(g) 2 A (g) K P1  ?
B2(g) 2 B (g) K P2  ?
A2(g) + B2(g) 2 AB (g) K P3  2
If the initial pressure in the container was 2 atm and final pressure developed at equilibrium is 2.75 atm.
K p2
in which equilibrium partial pressure of gas AB was 0.5 atm, calculate the ratio of .
K p1
[Given : Degree of dissociation of B2 is greater than A2].
(A) 8 (B) 9 (C) 1/8 (D) None of these
39. The heat of reaction at constant volume for an endothermic reaction in equilibrium is 1200 cal more than
at constant pressure at 300K. Calculate the ratio of equilibrium constant Kpand K c.
(A) 1.648× 10–3: (B) 1 : 1 (C) 1 : 3 (D) 1 : 9
40. When N2O5 is heated at temp. T, it dissociates as N2O5 N2O3 + O2 , Kc = 2.5. At the same time N2O3
also decomposes as : N2O3 N2O + O2. If initially 4.0 moles of N2O5 are taken in 1.0 litre flask and al-
lowed to attain equilibrium, concentration of O2 was formed to be 2.5 M. Equilibrium concentration of N2O is
(A) 1.0 (B) 1.5 (C) 2.166 (D) 0.334

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 Chemical Equilibrium

41. An exothermic reaction is represented by the graph :

lnK p lnK p lnK p lnK p

(A) (B) (C) (D)

1/T 1/T 1/T 1/T

42. A chemical reaction A B is said to be in equilibrium when -

(A) Complete conversion of A to B has taken place
(B) Conversion of A to B is only 50% complete
(C) Only 10% conversion of A to B has taken place
(D) The rate of transformation of A to B is just equal to rate of transformation of B to A in the system
43. According to Law of Mass action, the rate of reaction is directly proportional to -
(A) molarities of the reactants (B) normalities of the reactants
(C) molalities of the reactants (D) mole fractions of the reactants
44. In a chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium constant is found to be 2.5. If the rate constant of backward
reaction is 3.2×10–2 , the rate constant of forward reaction is -
(A) 8.0 × 10–2 (B) 4.0 × 10–2 (C) 3.5 × 10–2 (D) 7.6 × 10–3
45. K1 and K2 are the rate constants of forward and backward reactions. The equilibrium constant K of the
reaction is -
K1 K1  K2
(A) K1 × K2 (B) K1 – K2 (C) (D)
K2 K1 – K 2
46. The value of KP for the reaction
H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) is 50. What is the value of KC
(A) 30 (B) 40 (C) 50 (D) 70
47. For the reaction A(g) + B(g) C(g) + D(g), the degree of dissociation  would be –
K
(A) (B) K +1 (C) K 1 (D) K–1
K 1
48. An unknown compound A dissociates at 500ºC to give products as follows -
A(g) B(g) + C(g) + D(g)
Vapour density of the equilibrium mixture is 50 when it dissociates to the extent to 10%. What will be
the molecular weight of Compound A –
(A) 120 (B) 130 (C) 134 (D) 140
49. N2O4 dissociates as N2O4(g) 2NO2(g) at 273 K and 2 atm pressure. The equilibrium mixture has a
density of 41. What will be the degree of dissociation -
(A) 14.2% (B) 16.2% (C) 12.2% (D) None
50. At 250ºC and 1 atmospheric pressure, the vapour density of PCl5 is 57.9 . What will be the dissociation
of PCl5 –
(A) 1.00 (B) 0.90 (C) 0.80 (D) 0.65

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Chemical Equilibrium

EXERCISE – II OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS (JEE ADVANCED / AIIMS)

1. Which of the following statements is (are) correct ?

(A) An irreversible reaction goes to almost completion.
(B) a reversible reaction always goes to completion if carried out in a closed vessel
(C) At equilibrium, the rate of forward reaction becomes equal to that of backward reaction.
(D) In the beginning, the rate of backward reaction is much greater than that of forward reaction.
2. The value of equilibrium constant of a reversible reaction at a given temperaure :
(A) depends on the initial concentration of reactants
(B) depends on the concentration of products at equilibrium
(C) gets reversed when the mode of representation of the reaction is reversed.
(D) changes when the unit of active mass is changed.
3. Which of the following statement is (are) correct ?
(A) The value of equilibrium constant for a particular reaction is constant under all conditions of tempera-
ture and pressure.
(B) The unit of KC for the reaction. H2O(l) H2O(g) are mol L–1

(C) In the reaction CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g). [CaCO3] = [CaO] = 1

(D) KP is always greater than Kc for a particular reaction.
4. If is found that the equilibrium constant increases by factor of four when the temperature is increased from
25°C to 40°C. The value of H° is
(A) 25.46 kJ (B) 171.65 kJ (C) 89.43 kJ (D) 71.65 kJ
5. Ammonium carbamate dissociates as follows :
NH2COONH4(s) 2NH3(g) + CO2(g)
The value of KP for this reaction is found to be equal to 2.92 × 10–5 atm3. If one mole of ammonium car-
bamate is heated in a sealed container, the total pressur develped in the container is
(A) 0.0194 atm (B) 0.0388 atm (C) 0.0582 atm (D) 0.0667 atm
6. The equilibrium constant for the following reactions at 1400 K are given.
2H2O(g) 2H2(g) + O2(g) ; K1=2.1×10–13

2CO2(g) 2CO(g)+O2(g);K2 = 1.4 × 10–12

Then, the equilibrium constant K for the reaction
H2(g) + CO2(g) CO(g) + H2O(g) is
(A) 2.04 (B) 2.6 (C) 8.4 (D) 20.5
7. Under what conditions of temperature and pressure, the formation of atomic hydrogen from molecular hy-
drogen will be favoured most ?
(A) High temperature and high pressure (B) Low temperature and low pressure
(C) High temperature and low pressure (D) Low temperature and high pressure

7
 Chemical Equilibrium

8. For the reaction PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g), the forward reaction at constant temperature is favoured by
(A) introducing an inert gas at constant volume (B) introducing chlorine gas at constant volume
(C) introducing an inert gas at constant pressure (D) introducing PCl5 at constant volume.
9. When NaNO3(s) is heated in a closed vessel, oxygen is liberated and NaNO2(s) is left behind. At equilibrium.
(A) addition of NaNO2 favours reverse reaction (B) addition of NaNO3 favours forward reaction
(C) increasing temperature favours forward reaction (D) increasing pressure favours reverse reaction
10. Phase diagram of CO2 is shown as following
Based on above find the correct statement (s)

73
Solid Liquid
67
P(atm)
5 Gas

195 217 298 304

T (K)

(A) 298 K is the normal boiling point of liquid CO2

(B) At 1 atm & 190 K CO2 will exist as gas.
(C) CO2(s) will sublime above 195 K under normal atmospheric pressure
(D) Melting point & boiling point of CO2 will increase on increasing pressure.
11. The equilibrium between, gaseous isomers A, B and C can be represented as
Reaction Equilibrium constant
A(g) B (g) : K1 = ?
B(g) C(g) : K2 = 0.4
C(g) A(g) : K3 = 0.6
If one mole of A is taken in a closed vessel of volume 1 litre, then
(A) [A] + [B] + [C] = 1 M at any time of the reactions.
(B) Concentration of C is 4.1 M at the attainment equilibrium in all the reactions.
1
(C) The value of K1 is
0.24
(D) Isomer [A] is least stable as per thermodynamics.
12. For the gas phase exothermic reaction.
A2 + B2 C2, carried out in a closed vessel, the equilibrium moles of A 2 can be increased by
(A) increasing the temperature (B) decreasing the pressure
(C) adding inert gas at constant pressure (D) removing some C2
13. Consider the equilibrium
HgO(s)+4I–(aq)+H2O(l) Hg I42–(aq)+2OH– (aq), which changes will decrease the equilibrium concentra-
tion of HgI 4
2–

(A) Addition of 0.1 M HI (aq) (B) Addition of HgO(s) (C) Addition of H2O (l) (D)Addition of KOH (aq)

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Chemical Equilibrium

14. In the laboratory the equilibrium constant for a particular reaction can be measured at different tempera-
tures. Plotting the data yields the graph shown. Which of the following statements is false?
(Note : The notation 4.40 e– 4 is equivalent to 4.40 × 10–4)

14

12
ln K

11

10
5.20e–4
4.00e–4 4.20e–4 4.40e–4 4.60e–4 4.80e–4 5.00e–4

1/T(K)
(A) S° can be obtained from the y-intercept
(B) The slope of the line is equal to + (H°/R)
(C) The reaction is enodthermic
(D) The standard free energy change of the reaction is positive.
15. Decrease in the pressure for the following equilibria : H 2O (s) H2O(l) result in the :
(A) formation of more H2O (s) (B) formation of more H2O (l)
(C) increase in melting point of H2O(s) (D) decrease in melting point of H2O (s)

ASSERTION - REASON
In each sub-question below a statement S and an explanation E is given. Choose the correct answers from
the codes A,B,C,D given for each question.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1
(C) Statement-I is false, statement-2 is true.
(D) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
16. Statement-1 : Water boils at high temperature in pressure cooker.
Statement-2 : Increase in pressure leads to an increase in boiling point.
17. Statement-1 : A decrease in pressure leads to an increase in freezing point of water.
Statement-2 : For ice on melting volume decreases.
18. Statement-1 : The solubility of gases always increases with increase in pressure.
Statement-2 : High pressure favours the change where volume of gas decreases.
19. Statement-1 : Total number of moles in a closed system at new equilibrium is less than the old equilibrium
if some amount of a substance is removed from a system.
A(g) B(g) equilibrium.
Statement-2 : The number of moles of the substance which is removed, is partially compensated as the
system reached to new equilibrium.
20. Statement-1 : An exothermic reaction, non-spontaneous at high temperature, may become spontaneous
at low temperature.
Statement-2 : Entropy of an exothermic reaction always decrease with decrease in temperature.

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 Chemical Equilibrium

21. Statement-1 : Ammonia at a pressure of 10 atm and CO2 at a pressure of 20 atm are intoduced into an
evacuated chamber. If Kp for the reaction.
NH2COONH4(s) 2NH3(g) + CO2(g) is 2020 atm3, the total pressure after a long time is less than 30 atm.
Statement-2 : Equilibrium can be attained from both directions.

COMPREHENSION
Paragraph for Questions No. 22 to 25
In a 7.0 L evacuated chamber, 0.50 mol H2 and 0.50 mol I2 react at 427°C
H2(g) + I2 (g) 2HI(g). At the given temperature, Kc = 49 for the reaction.
22. What is the value of Kp ?
(A) 7 (B) 49 (C) 24.5 (D) None
23. What is the total pressure (atm) in the chamber
(A) 83.14 (B) 831.4 (C) 8.21 (D) None
24. How many moles of the iodine remain unreacted at equilibrium ?
(A) 0.388 (B) 0.112 (C) 0.25 (D) 0.125
25. What is the partial pressure (atm) of HI in the equilibrium mixture ?
(A) 6.385 (B) 12.77 (C) 40.768 (D) 646.58

Pragraph for Question Nos. 26 to 28

Equilibrium constants are given (in atm) for the following reactions at 0°C :
SrCl2. 6H2O(s) SrCl2 . 2H2O(s) + 4H2O(g)
Kp = 5 × 10 –12

Na2HPO4.12H2O(s) Na2HPO4. 7H2O (s) +

5H2O(g)Kp = 2.43 × 10–13
Na2SO4.10H2O(s) Na2SO4(s) + 10 H2O(g)
Kp = 1.024 × 10–27
The vapour pressure of water at 0° C is 4.56 torr.
26. Which is the most effective drying agent at 0°C ?
(A) SrCl2.2H2O (B) Na2HPO4. 7H2O (C) Na2SO4 (D) all equally
27. At what relative humidities will Na2SO4. 10 H2O be efflorescent (release moisture) when exposed to air at 0°C ?
(A) above 33.33 % (B) below 33.33 % (C) above 66.66% (D) below 66.66%
28. At what relative humidities will Na2SO4 be deliquescent (i.e. absorb moisture) when exposed to the air at
0°C?
(A) above 33.33 % (B) below 33.33 % (C) above 66.66% (D) below 66.66%

10
Chemical Equilibrium

Paragraph for Question Nos. 58 to 60

If we know the equilibrium constant for a particular reaction, we can calculate the concentrations in the
equilibrium mixture from the initial ocncentrations. Commonly only the initial concentration of reactants are given.
29. In a study of equilibrium
H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI (g)
1 mole of H2 and 3 mole of I2 gave rise at equilibrium to x mol of HI.
Addition of a further 2 mol of H2 gave an additional x mol of HI. What is x ?
(A) 0.5 (B) 1 (C) 1.5 (D) None of these
30. In above prolem, what is Kp at the temperature of the experiment.
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) None of these
31. In a study of equilibrium
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)
Starting with 2 mole SO2 and 1.5 mole O2 in 5 litre flask. Equilibrium mixture required 0.4 mole KMnO4 in acidic
medium. Hence Kc is :
(A) 0.2 (B) 5.0 (C) 675.0 (D) None of these

Match the column

32. Column I
(A) Kp < Kc
(B) Introduction

(C) K P0 is dimensionless
(D) Temperature increase
Column II
(P) N2+3H2 2NH3

(Q) PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) of inert gas at pressure will decrease the constant con centration of reactants.

(R) 2NO2(g) N2O4(g)

(S) NH3(g) + HI (g) will shift the reaction NH4I (s) on product side.
33. Column-I Column-II Kp/Kc
(A) A2(g)+3B2(g) 2AB3(g) (p) (RT)–2
(b) A2(g)+B2(g) 2AB(g) (q) (RT)0
(C) A(s)+1.5B2(g) 2AB3(g) (r) (RT)½
(D) AB2(g) AB(g)+0.5B2(g) (s) (RT)–½
34. Column-I Column-II factors affecting forward
(A) A2(g)+B2(g) Exothermic
2AB(g) (p) High temperature
(B) 2AB2(g)+B2(g) Exothermic
2AB3(g) (q) Low temperature
(C) 2AB3(g) Exothermic
A2(g)+3B2(g) (r) High pressure
(s) Low pressure
(t) Independent of pressure

11
 Chemical Equilibrium

INTEGER TYPE
35. If a mixture of 3 mole of H2 and 1 mole of N2 is completely converted into NH3, what would be the final volume
at same p and T ?
36. For the reaction, C(s)+CO2(g) 2CO(g), the partial pressure of CO2 and CO are 2.0 atm and 4.0 atm
respectively at equilibrium. Find the Kp for the reaction.
37. In the reaction, PCl5 PCl3+Cl2, the amounts of PCl5, PCl3 and Cl2, 2 moles each at equilibrium and the total
pressure is 3 atm. Find the equilibrium constant K p.
38. For the equilibrium, 2NO(g)+O2(g) 2NO2(g), Kp is 1.24×10–2 at 727°C. Find the value of KC at 727°C.
39. The equilbrium constant for, 2H2S(g) 2H2(g) +S2(g) is 0.469 atm at 1065°C and heat of dissociation is 42.4
kcal. Calculate the equilbrium constant at 1132°C.
40. The molar concentration of A and B are 0.80 mol litre each. On mixing them, the reaction starts to proceed
as : A+B c+D, and attain equilbrium. At equilibrium molar concentration of C is 0.60 mol/litre. Find the
value of KC of the reaction.
41. In a reaction at equilibrium 'x' mole of the reactant A decompose to give 1 mole of C and D.It has been
found that the fraction of A decomposed at equilibrium is indepent of inital concentration of A. Find the
value of x.
42. In the reaction C(s)+ CO2(g) 2CO(g), the equilbrium pressure is 6.75 atm. If 50% of CO 2 reacts, then
find the value of Kp.
43. N2O4 is 60% dissociated into NO2 at 340K and 1 atm pressure. Find the volume of 10 g N 2O4 occupy under
these condition.
44. Ammonium carbamate when heated to 473K gives a mixture ofNH3 and CO2 vapour with a density of 13.
Find the degree of dissociation of ammonium carbamate.
45. In a experiment starting with 1 mole of C2H5OH, 1 mole of CH3COOH and 1 mole of water, the equilbrium
mixture on analysis shows that 54.3% of the acid is esterified. Find the value of K C.
46. Maximum number of phases at equilibrium of pure substance is
47. The composition of the equilibrium mixture for the equilibrium Cl2 2Cl at 14700K, may be determined
by the rate of diffusion of mixture through a pin hole. It is found that at 1470 0K, the mixture diffuses 1.16
times as fast as krypton (83.8) diffuses under the same conditions. Calculate the % degree of dissocia-
tion of Cl2 at equilibrium.
9
Keq.=2×10
48. 2A(g) + B(g) 3C(g)
Initially only A & B are present in the container & moles of A and B at t = 0 are 4 & 2 respectively. If the
concentration of A at equilibrium is p × 10–q then find p + q – 2
Given : Volume of container is 100 lit.
49. Ammonium carbamate dissociates as NH2COONH4 (s) 2NH3 (g) + CO2(g). In a closed vessel containing
ammonium carbamate in equilibrium, ammonia is added such that partial pressure of NH3 now equals to the original
total pressure. Calculate the ratio of total pressure now to the original pressure as P/Q and give P + Q.
50. In a study of the reaction 2A + 2B 3C + D, A and B are mixed in a vessel at t0C. The initial conc. of
A is twice the initial conc. of B. After equilibrium is reached, the conc of C is three times the conc. of B.
Calculate the equilibrium constant KC in terms of P/Q and report P + Q.

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Chemical Equilibrium

Answers
Answer Ex–I OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS (JEE MAIN)
1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D
8. A 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. A
15. A 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. B 21. A
22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. A
29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. A
36. C 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. D 41. A 42. D

43. A 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. C

Answer Ex–II OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS (JEE ADVANCED)

1. A,C 2. C,D 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C
8. C,D 9. C,D 10. C,D 11. A,C,D 12. A,B,C 13. C,D 14. B,D
15. A,C 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. D
22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. A
29. C 30. C 31. B 32. (A)  P,R,S; (B)  P,Q,R,S; (C)  P,Q,R,S ; (D)  Q

33. Ap; Bq; Cs; Dr 34. A–p,t ; B–q, r; C–q,s

35. 2 36. 8 37. 1 38. 1 39. 1 40. 9 41. 2

42. 9 43. 5 44. 1 45. 4 46. 3 47. 14 48. 9

49. 58 50. 43

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