DEPARTMENT OF SURVEYING SCIENCE AND GEOMATICS

COLLEGE OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SHAH ALAM

FIELD SCHEME II (GLS653)

ENGINEERING SURVEY

PREPARED FOR:

DR. MOHD SHAHMY BIN MOHD SAID

HARIS BIN ABDUL RAHIM

SR. RAIZ BIN RAZALI

PREPARED BY:

NO. STUDENT NAME STUDENT ID

1. MOHAMAD ZUL ADHAM BIN MOHAMAD ZAIDI 2021112593

2. AKMAL HAKIMI BIN MOHD GHARIB 2021393329

3. MUHAMMAD FADZLY SHAFIQ BIN ABDUL MUHIB 2020615172

4. SHAHIRUL AFFRIZAL BIN SHAIFUL AMRY 2020859148

5. SITI NURZULAIKA BINTI MOHD ZURIDAN 2021101177

6. NUURSHAZUANI BINTI MAMAT AZAMI 2020831242

7. SITI NURAISYAH BINTI HASHIM 2020621366

8. JOAN RAYMOND CHRISTIAN SADEN 2022440728

 ABSTRACT
Survey camp is one of the prerequisites for students who will be graduating in Bachelor of
Surveying Science and Geomatics (Honors). In this respect, a report of survey camp for
subdivision is provided as evidence that students engaged in the training. It also includes an
overview of student activities, processes, and experiences. It was conducted at Kuala Linggi,
Malacca. Students must complete a six weeks survey camp program in order to accomplish
their courses. The main objective of this survey camp is for students to obtain experience and
be introduced to certain field work duties during the programme so that they are more adept
in utilising equipments and software and can gain information once they graduate. As a result
of their experience in survey camp, students will be well-educated and self-assured to work
as professionals in the future. This way, a future workforce of high quality can be developed.
This survey camp for subdivision report is divided into three parts.

2
 PRELIMINARY
Alhamdulillah, praise to Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Graceful.

We would like to extend our heartfelt gratitude for the guidance, advice and help rendered
throughout the period of our survey camp for six weeks from 8 May 2023 until 19 June 2023
by the following group of amazing individuals. First and foremost, we would like to extend
our sincere gratitude to Prof Sr Ts Dr Saiful Aman Hj Sulaiman, Head of the Department of
Surveying Science and Geomatics study center, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Shah
Alam and our lecturers for Engineering subject, Sr Haris bin Abdul Rahim and Sr Raiz bin
Razali for the opportunity given, to conduct our survey camp in Kuala Linggi, Malacca and
for enabled us to learn and develop our understanding, knowledge and feel of real time field
works. They are also responsible towards streamlining and assessing our training and not to
forget they have extended their cooperation and help to further enhance our ability in
understanding the procedures in field work and best practices in the industry. We would also
like to thank all the UiTM lecturers that have taught and nurtured us in becoming a better
student and person. We would also like to extend our deepest appreciation to the lecturers
who are directly involved during our survey camp stint. We value the time, effort,
encouragement, and ideas that they have contributed towards the successful completion of
our survey camp stint, this report and the valuable knowledge that have been shared
throughout the survey camp period.

Finally, our heartfelt and special thanks to our beloved parents, families, and friends for their
sacrifices over the years and for their continuous commitment and support during the survey
camp program. We also want to express our gratitude to anybody who has helped us,
whether directly or indirectly.

3
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................................2

PRELIMINARY..................................................................................................................................3

ROUTE SURVEY: CHAPTER 1 (INTRODUCTION)....................................................................5

1.1 INTRODUCTION TO ROUTE SURVEY...............................................................................5

1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES..........................................................................................................6
1.3 STUDY AREA............................................................................................................................7
1.4 TEAM MEMBERS....................................................................................................................8
1.5 GANTT CHART......................................................................................................................10
CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................11

2.1 DETAIL WORKFLOW..........................................................................................................11

2.2 INSTRUMENTS......................................................................................................................12
2.3 EXPLANATION EACH PHASE (PLANNING, DATA ACQUISITION, DATA
PROCESSING)..............................................................................................................................15
2.3.1 PLANNING.......................................................................................................................15
2.3.2 DATA ACQUISITION......................................................................................................17
2.3.3 DATA PROCESSING.......................................................................................................19
CHAPTER 3: RESULT AND ANALYSIS.......................................................................................20

3.1 DIFFERENTIAL FIELD TEST (DFT) AND TWO PEG TEST..........................................20

3.1.1 DIFFERENTIAL FIELD TEST (DFT)...........................................................................20
3.1.2 TWO PEG TEST..............................................................................................................21
3.2 LEVELLING...........................................................................................................................23
3.3 DETAIL SURVEY...................................................................................................................24
3.4 CROSS SECTION...................................................................................................................25
3.5 LONG SECTION....................................................................................................................26
CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.....................................................27

4.1 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................27
4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS.........................................................................................................27
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................27

INDIVIDUAL COMMENTS............................................................................................................27

APPENDICES...................................................................................................................................27

4
5
 ROUTE SURVEY: CHAPTER 1 (INTRODUCTION)
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO ROUTE SURVEY
The phrase route survey refers to surveys required for the siting and construction of
long-distance lines of transportation or communication, such as highways, railways, open-
conduit systems, pipelines, and power lines. A Route Survey is described as the service and
product necessary to adequately find the intended course of a linear project or right of way
that spans a specified amount of real estate, extending from at least one known location and
turning or terminating at another known point. Adequate location entails significant
conformity with the parameters and tolerances specified in this standard. A Route Survey is
typically necessary for right-of-way planning, the acquisition of fee or easement land, and
final construction layout work. The position of amenities inside the right of way is frequently
determined in relation to the centre line or a right of way line. On the ground, a Route Survey
is done to provide the position of right of way lines, a centerline, or reference lines in respect
to property lines and topographical characteristics.

6
1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
1) To provide students with hands-on experience and an understanding of the whole
surveying process, including planning, management, field work, data processing, and
plan plotting.
2) To give training in the usage of software used in data processing and the production of
plans.
3) To determine the nature of the ground, longitudinal and cross sections must be
created.
4) To determine the movement of building structures by performing a deformation
survey.

7
1.3 STUDY AREA
The study area of this work was located at Kuala Linggi, Melaka.

8
1.4 TEAM MEMBERS

No Profile Name Student ID

1. Mohamad Zul Adham Bin Mohamad 2021112593
Zaidi

2. Akmal Hakimi Bin Mohd Gharib 2021393329

3. Shahirul Affrizal Bin Shaiful Amry 2020859148

4. Muhammad Fadzly Shafiq Bin Abdul 2020615172

Muhib

9
5. Siti Nurzulaika Binti Mohd Zuridan 2021101177

6. Nuurshazuani Binti Mamat Azami 2020831242

7. Siti Nuraisyah Binti Hashim 2020621366

8. Joan Raymond Christian Saden 2022440728

10
1.5 GANTT CHART

11
CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY
2.1 DETAIL WORKFLOW

Reconnaissance and Planning

Instruments calibration

Data acquisition

Traversing Solar Levelling Topographic Deformation Chainage

observation survey

Final Output

12
2.2 INSTRUMENTS
To fulfil all responsibilities for Route Survey, many instruments are utilised. The instruments
used in the Engineering phase are classified into two types: Those used on-site and those used
in the laboratory for processing sessions. The following instruments were utilised during the
site survey:

Name of instruments Functions

Measuring horizontal and vertical angles, inclusive
of measuring sloping distance of object to the
instrument.

Total station
Measure the change in position of a target that is
assumed to be moving.

Prism
Designed to support laser levels, theodolites, total
station and other surveying instrument.

Tripod
Used to shield eyes from direct sunlight

Sunglass filter
Pole was utilised as the platform for the mini prism,
making it easier to move but not as precise or solid
as a tripod.

13
 Pole
The mounting surface for the mini prism was a pole,
which was simpler to handle but not as accurate or
stable as a tripod.

Mini Prism
Used to mark the station point to be measured.

Picket
Used to mark the station point to be measured.

Nails
Used to mark the station point to be measured.

Caution tape
Used to dig a hole to find BKL or BL

Hoe
To insert the pickets and nails into softer materials,
such as ground or wood

14
 Hammer
Measure height of the survey instrument

Measuring tape
To measure the height of distant points in relation to
a benchmark

Level
Determine the difference in height between points or
height of points above a vertical datum.

Levelling staff
Ensure that staff is held in a vertical position.

Levelling staff bubble

15
2.3 EXPLANATION EACH PHASE (PLANNING, DATA ACQUISITION, DATA
PROCESSING)

2.3.1 PLANNING
2.3.1.1 RECONNAISSANCE
Reconnaissance is an initial survey to gather information. We need to know if the building is
in its proper location to select an appropriate site survey and building. To ensure that the
survey job is effectively planned, the point to be measured must be allocated. It is often
known as a site visit, is performed to get an overall sense of a location. It is feasible to
accomplish this by locating the nearest acceptable control point, such as a boundary mark,
Benchmark, TBM, or others, and utilising the mark as a datum to begin the survey.
Reconnaissance is essential in surveying. This method was also used to determine the
accuracy, cost-effectiveness, personnel needed, survey data, and site plan preparation.
Planning and reconnaissance surveys are carried out prior to the start of survey activity.
Sufficient planning is required to ensure the success of every survey operation.

2.3.1.2 INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION

1) DIFFERENTIAL FIELD TEST

The differential field test (DFT) should be carried out on flat ground at the start of every
new survey job. The goal of this test is to determine the overall condition of the
instrument. It is important to ascertain the EDM is in the acceptable working order. It is
used in the same way as the two-peg test procedure. To determine the value, the
difference between two readings should be computed at the end of the test. According to
the Circular KPUP 6/2009, if the distance is within tolerance, it means that the instrument
is in good condition. If DFT does not exceed 0.010 meters, determination CRM must be
done again and if DFT exceeds the limit, the total station should be sent for calibration
test.

The procedures of doing DFT are as follows:

1) Pegging 2 stations of A and B with a distance not less than 50m.

16
2) Set up a Total Station at station A and a prism at station B, measure distance A to B.
3) Pegging another station at C in the middle of line A and B (use online method).

4) After that, move Total Station to station C and set up 2 prisms at station A and B;
measure distance CA and CB.
5) Compare the distance of AB to the total separated distances of CA + CB; if it is
found to be greater than 10 mm, the instrument should not be used and should be
sent for EDM calibration testing.

2) TWO PEG TEST

When the temperature fluctuates and the instrument is subjected to significant
vibrations, a two-peg test is required. Errors can occur on any instrument. As a result,
instrument inspection is necessary. When the bubble is centred and the instrument is
level, the line of sight of a surveying instrument can be checked to see if it is parallel
to the axis of the bubble tube on the instrument. A telescope is employed since
sighting along the axis of the bubble tube is not possible. The telescope line of sight
must be parallel to the axis of the bubble tube for a levelling device to be accurate.
The most common mistake is when the line of sight is not parallel to the horizontal
collimation line. The levels will not be proper in this instance. This is one of the most
crucial characteristics of a level and need to be checked on a regular basis. The two-
peg test is a surveying procedure used to evaluate if the line of sight is horizontal after
setting up the level, and if not, the vertical collimation error is computed, and the line
of sight is changed. The two-peg test is a method of determining the level. Before
conducting the levelling job, conduct a two-peg test to check that the instruments are
in good working order. This test detects the number of mistakes, and if one happens,
the technician is notified, and the level must be serviced by a qualified firm. This test
is done to compute the collimation error of levelling instrument.

The procedures of doing two peg tests are as follows:

17
 1) Set up two stakes 60 to 90 meters apart.
2) Set up the level in the middle of the two stakes and take rod readings at each.
3) The inaccuracies in rod readings at both places A and B will be same if the line of
sight through the level is not horizontal.
4) The computed difference in height between A and B will be the genuine difference
in elevation because the errors are same.
5) The level is then moved to within 2m (minimum focusing distance of the level) of
one of the points and set focusing distance of the level) of one of the points and set up
with a rod reading determined
6) When compared to the next rod reading at B, any line-of-sight error caused over
that short distance will be minimal.
7) After that, the rod is held at B and a rod reading is taken.

2.3.2 DATA ACQUISITION

2.3.2.1 TRAVERSE
Traverse is a survey method that provides a sequence of stations whose locations (or
coordinates) are determined by measuring bearing and distance from neighbouring stations.
It intends to construct control points. It is classified as either open or closed. The first and
second classes of surveys differ by linear misclosure and angular misclosure.
Reconnaissance, station selection and marking, angle and distance measurement, fieldnote
recording and measurement are all part of the traverse procedure.

The procedures of doing traverse are as follows:

18
2.3.2.2 LEVELLING
Levelling is a measurement used to quantify the height difference between two places above
the earth's surface. The height of the measured item is positioned above the earth's surface
and is taken into consideration from a reference plane, that is, a plane whose height is
regarded zero in the levelling concept. To get Z values, levelling was done. In the bulk of
survey work involving engineering projects, the basic differential levelling approach is still
the most effective and reliable way to transfer height. The levelling procedure is then
completed by transferring the decreased level or height from the confirmed BM, the value of
which may be computed using the Certified Plan. The levelling loop is started, and levelling
data is collected by acquiring backsight and foresight readings of middle staff.

The procedures of doing levelling are as follows:

1) The fieldwork began at the Temporary Benchmark (TBM) station along the
traverse station.
2) Place the levelling staff on the TBM and place the level instrument between the
staffs, as illustrated in the image below.
3) The distance between the staff and the level instrument must be at least 30m for
both backsight and foresight.
4) Then, take the backsight staff's middle reading and repeat the process for the
foresight.
5) The level instrument is then moved to the opposite point, and the process is
repeated until it is closed back to the TBM to determine the misclosure.
6) If the levelling is acceptable and falls within the permissible tolerance, the
levelling job along the traverse is completed.

2.3.2.3 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY

2.3.2.4 CHAINAGE
2.3.2.5 CROSS SECTION AND LONGITUDINAL DETAILING
2.3.2.6 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY

19
2.3.3 DATA PROCESSING
There are few softwares used in data processing which shown in the table below:

Name of softwares Functions

Used for processing automated detailed data from
total stations (raw data) and exporting the data to
AutoCAD after processing.

Civil Design and Survey (CDS)

A type of commercial computer-aided design and
drawing software. It is used for accurate 2D and 3D
drawing, design, and modelling of solids and
surfaces.
AutoCAD
Starnet is software that provides a least squares
approach or package for calculating 2D/3D survey
networks. It aids in improving survey job precision
by determining whether the survey work is approved
within tolerance.
Starnet

2.3.3.1 CIVIL DESIGN AND SURVEY (CDS)

2.3.3.2 STARNET
2.3.3.3 AUTOCAD

20
 CHAPTER 3: RESULT AND ANALYSIS
3.1 DIFFERENTIAL FIELD TEST (DFT) AND TWO PEG TEST
According to JUPEM, calibration is required for any measuring equipment used in surveying
(such as a compass prism, measuring chain, EDM, total station, GPS, levelling device, and so
on). To record tests and calibrations, use the Fieldbook Form. The goal of this Differential
Field Test is to evaluate the Total station's functionality. The two-peg test approach employs a
similar concept. The difference between the two measurements recorded at the conclusion of
the test will be used to determine the value. The measurement range is 0.001 to 0.010 mm. If
the amount exceeds, the total station should not be used since it will result in erroneous
fieldwork data.

3.1.1 DIFFERENTIAL FIELD TEST (DFT)

BEARING / ANGLE F Line T Vertical Distance Date / Final
o Distance
r Angle Time
Face Left Face Mean Final
STN Right o Bearing
m

Differential Field Test A B H 152.698 7/6/2023 152.698

(152.698)

Peg Online A–B C A H 79.095 79.095

(79.094)

See Space 2 C B 73.601 73.602

(73.602)

C A 79.095

A B 152.697tot

Position of Tools Reading at Prism Final Distance

A B

21
 A 0.00 152.697 152.698

C 79.095 73.602 152.697

Difference between (A to B) – [(C to A) + (C to B)] 0.001

a) Hence, (A to B) = 152.698

(C to A) + (C to B) = 152.697

b) Difference between (A to B) – [(C to A) + (C to B)]

152.698 – 152.697 = 0.001

c) According to the Circular KPUP 6/2009, the distance is within tolerance so the
instrument is in good condition. If DFT does not exceed 0.010 meters, determination
CRM must be done again and if DFT exceeds the limit, the total station should be sent
for calibration test.

3.1.2 TWO PEG TEST

BACKSIGHT INTERSIGH FORESIGHT RISE FALL DISTANCE REMARKS ARAS PEMBETULAN ARAS
T (M) LARAS LARAS
(ADJ)

1.160

1.562 0.880 0.280

1.851 0.289

1.593

1.121 1.888 0.295

0.839 0.282

1.143

1.288 0.862 0.281

1.580 0.292

1.793

22
0.770 1.194 0.599

1.365 0.595

Fixed adjustments are also made when the difference obtained from the implementation of
the Two Peg Test exceeds the set limit. According to the Circular KPUP Bil 7/2021, limit that
determined according to practice at JUPEM is the exact level is ± 0.2 mm and the second-
class level is ± 1 mm / 20 meters. If the difference obtained exceeds the set limit, process
collimation line correction should be done referring to the manual tools provided. If this
process still does not meet the limit conditions which are allowed, the tool needs to be sent to
the supplier for the purpose of maintenance. Since the result was 0.000 so it is within
tolerance which mean the instrument was in good working order and can be used.

23
 3.2 LEVELLING
3.2.1 LEVELLING CHAINAGE ON STATION
BACKSIGHT INTERSIGHT FORESIGHT RISE FALL DISTANCE REMARKS ARAS PEMBETULA ARAS
(M) LARAS N LARAS
(ADJ)

1.193 BM1052

1.240 1.534 0.341 50 CH38

1.201 1.365 0.125 25 CH37

0.900 1.169 0.032 25 CH36

1.121 1.276 0.376 25 CH35

1.121 1.415 0.294 25 CH34

1.091 1.284 0.163 25 CH33

1.644 1.644 0.553 40 TBM3

1.291 1.091 0.553 40 CH33

1.364 1.126 0.165 25 CH34

1.276 1.070 0.294 25 CH35

1.124 0.900 0.376 25 CH36

1.279 1.155 0.031 25 CH37

1.425 1.154 0.125 25 CH38

1.083 0.342 50 BM1052

(17.270) (17.266) (1.887 (1.883) (430)

)

Misclosure 0.004

Tolerance 0.007

1.611 TBM3

1.084 1.084 0.527 40 CH32

1.611 0.527 40 TBM3

24
 3.2.2 LEVELLING PROVE BM M1053 - M1054 (LOOP BM – TBM D’QNUT)

BACKSIGHT INTERSIGHT FORESIGHT RISE FALL DISTANCE REMARKS ARAS PEMBETULA ARAS
(M) LARAS N LARAS
(ADJ)

1.875 BM1053 5.280 5.280

1.155 1.267 0.608 80 5.888 -0.0001 5.888

0.474 1.588 -0.433 80 5.455 -0.0001 5.455

1.037 1.882 -1.408 80 4.047 -0.0002 4.047

1.754 1.262 -0.225 100 3.822 -0.0003 3.822

1.953 0.917 0.837 30 4.659 -0.0004 4.659

1.631 0.785 1.168 30 5.827 -0.0004 5.827

1.385 1.165 0.466 80 6.293 -0.0005 6.293

1.113 1.521 -0.136 80 6.157 -0.0006 6.156

0.904 1.524 -0.411 80 5.746 -0.0006 5.745

0.716 2.254 -1.350 90 4.396 -0.0007 4.395

1.232 1.665 -0.949 60 3.447 -0.0008 3.446

1.621 1.370 -0.138 60 3.309 -0.0009 3.308

1.044 1.042 0.579 60 BM1054 3.888 -0.0009 3.887

1.372 1.624 -0.580 60 3.308 -0.0010 3.307

1.815 1.240 0.132 50 3.440 -0.0011 3.439

2.204 0.860 0.955 50 4.395 -0.0011 4.394

1.495 0.852 1.352 60 5.747 -0.0012 5.746

1.524 1.085 0.410 60 6.157 -0.0013 6.156

1.141 1.389 0.135 60 6.292 -0.0014 6.291

0.770 1.610 -0.469 60 5.823 -0.0014 5.822

0.902 1.936 -1.166 80 4.657 -0.0015 4.656

1.518 1.742 -0.840 80 3.817 -0.0016 3.815

1.314 1.180 0.338 60 4.155 -0.0016 4.153

1.178 1.644 -0.330 70 3.825 -0.0017 3.823

25
1.714 1.184 -0.006 80 3.819 -0.0018 3.817

2.055 0.516 1.198 80 5.017 -0.0019 5.015

1.484 1.275 0.780 60 5.797 -0.0019 5.795

1.999 -0.515 50 BM1053 5.282 -0.0020 5.280

26
 3.2.3 LEVELLING (LOOP BM – TBM D’QNUT) – BM M1053-TBM1

BACKSIGHT INTERSIGHT FORESIGHT RISE FALL DISTANCE REMARKS ARAS PEMBETULA ARAS
(M) LARAS N LARAS
(ADJ)

1.354 BM M1053 5.280 5.280

1.110 1.483 -0.129 5.151 -0.0003 5.151

1.022 1.444 -0.334 4.817 -0.0006 4.816

0.994 1.587 -0.565 4.252 -0.0008 4.251

0.922 1.425 -0.431 3.821 -0.0011 3.820

1.139 1.292 -0.370 3.451 -0.0014 3.450

1.319 1.292 -0.153 3.298 -0.0017 3.296

1.230 1.316 0.003 3.301 -0.0019 3.299

1.366 1.239 -0.009 3.292 -0.0022 3.290

0.662 0.749 0.617 TBM1 3.909 -0.0025 3.907

1.164 1.280 -0.618 3.291 -0.0028 3.288

1.209 1.154 0.010 3.301 -0.0031 3.298

1.268 1.208 0.001 3.302 -0.0033 3.299

1.403 1.115 0.153 3.455 -0.0036 3.451

1.487 1.034 0.369 3.824 -0.0039 3.820

1.591 1.054 0.433 4.257 -0.0042 4.253

1.470 1.026 0.565 4.822 -0.0044 4.818

1.483 1.136 0.334 5.156 -0.0047 5.151

1.354 0.129 BM M1053 5.285 -0.0050 5.280

27
 3.2.4 LEVELLING (LOOP BM – TBM D’QNUT) – TBM1-TBM2

BACKSIGHT INTERSIGHT FORESIGHT RISE FALL DISTANCE REMARKS ARAS PEMBETULA ARAS
(M) LARAS N LARAS
(ADJ)

1.567 TBM1 3.907 3.907

1.983 0.954 0.613 4.520 -0.0001 4.520

2.496 0.097 1.886 6.406 -0.0002 6.406

2.828 0.541 1.955 8.361 -0.0003 8.361

2.415 0.395 2.433 10.794 -0.0004 10.794

2.589 0.166 2.249 13.043 -0.0006 13.042

1.092 1.840 0.749 13.792 -0.0007 13.791

0.958 2.264 -1.172 12.620 -0.0008 12.619

1.091 1.680 -0.722 11.898 -0.0009 11.897

1.320 1.317 -0.226 TBM2 11.672 -0.0010 11.671

1.670 1.092 0.228 11.900 -0.0011 11.899

2.279 0.939 0.731 12.631 -0.0012 12.630

1.824 1.105 1.174 13.805 -0.0013 13.804

0.265 2.574 -0.750 13.055 -0.0014 13.054

0.400 2.411 -2.146 10.909 -0.0016 10.907

0.528 2.271 -1.871 9.038 -0.0017 9.036

0.114 2.483 -1.955 7.083 -0.0018 7.081

0.955 2.673 -2.559 4.524 -0.0019 4.522

1.570 -0.615 TBM1 3.909 -0.0020 3.907

28
 3.2.5 LEVELLING (LOOP BM – TBM D’QNUT) – TBM2-TBM3

BACKSIGHT INTERSIGHT FORESIGHT RISE FALL DISTANCE REMARKS ARAS PEMBETULA ARAS
(M) LARAS N LARAS
(ADJ)

0.795 TBM2 11.671 11.671

0.842 3.670 -2.875 8.796 0.0002 8.796

0.615 1.405 -0.563 8.233 0.0005 8.234

3.465 3.598 -2.983 5.250 0.0007 5.251

3.717 0.763 2.702 TBM3 7.952 0.0010 7.953

1.413 0.843 2.874 10.826 0.0012 10.827

3.610 0.850 0.563 11.389 0.0015 11.391

0.737 0.630 2.980 14.369 0.0017 14.371

3.437 -2.700 TBM2 11.669 0.0020 11.671

3.2.6 LEVELLING (LOOP BM – TBM D’QNUT) – TBM3-TBM4

BACKSIGHT INTERSIGHT FORESIGHT RISE FALL DISTANCE REMARKS ARAS PEMBETULA ARAS
(M) LARAS N LARAS
(ADJ)

2.320 TBM3 7.953 7.953

1.555 1.570 0.750 8.703 -0.0001 8.703

1.440 1.560 -0.005 8.698 -0.0002 8.698

0.845 1.300 0.140 8.838 -0.0003 8.838

1.168 1.751 -0.906 7.932 -0.0005 7.932

0.988 1.554 -0.386 7.546 -0.0006 7.545

29
1.207 1.783 -0.795 6.751 -0.0007 6.750

0.884 1.235 -0.028 6.723 -0.0008 6.722

1.066 1.640 -0.756 5.967 -0.0009 5.966

0.725 1.223 -0.157 5.810 -0.0010 5.809

1.046 1.560 -0.835 4.975 -0.0012 4.974

0.705 1.115 -0.069 4.906 -0.0013 4.905

0.734 1.703 -0.998 3.908 -0.0014 3.907

1.750 1.742 -1.008 TBM4 2.900 -0.0015 2.899

1.747 0.741 1.009 3.909 -0.0016 3.907

1.115 0.750 0.997 4.906 -0.0017 4.904

1.568 1.047 0.068 4.974 -0.0018 4.972

1.217 0.734 0.834 5.808 -0.0020 5.806

1.665 1.060 0.157 5.965 -0.0021 5.963

1.222 0.909 0.756 6.721 -0.0022 6.719

1.736 1.194 0.028 6.749 -0.0023 6.747

1.510 0.940 0.796 7.545 -0.0024 7.543

1.660 1.123 0.387 7.932 -0.0025 7.929

1.254 0.753 0.907 8.839 -0.0027 8.836

1.589 1.393 -0.139 8.700 -0.0028 8.697

1.568 1.585 0.004 8.704 -0.0029 8.701

2.316 -0.748 TBM3 7.956 -0.0030 7.953

30
 3.2.7 LEVELLING (LOOP BM – TBM D’QNUT) – TBM4-TBM5@TBM D’QNUT

BACKSIGHT INTERSIGHT FORESIGHT RISE FALL DISTANCE REMARKS ARAS PEMBETULA ARAS
(M) LARAS N LARAS
(ADJ)

1.268 TBM4 2.899 2.899

0.860 1.184 0.084 2.983 0.0002 2.983

1.415 1.555 -0.695 2.288 0.0003 2.288

1.082 1.005 0.410 TBM5 2.698 0.0005 2.699

1.540 1.490 -0.408 2.290 0.0007 2.291

1.225 0.847 0.693 2.983 0.0008 2.984

1.310 -0.085 TBM4 2.898 0.0010 2.899

31
3.3 DETAIL SURVEY

32
3.4 CROSS SECTION

33
3.5 LONG SECTION

34
CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1 CONCLUSION
4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS

REFERENCES

INDIVIDUAL COMMENTS
MOHAMAD ZUL ADHAM BIN MOHAMAD ZAIDI (2021112593)

AKMAL HAKIMI BIN MOHD GHARIB (2021393329)

MUHAMMAD FADZLY SHAFIQ BIN ABDUL MUHIB (2020615172)

SHAHIRUL AFFRIZAL BIN SHAIFUL AMRY (2020859148)

SITI NURZULAIKA BINTI MOHD ZURIDAN (2021101177)

NUURSHAZUANI BINTI MAMAT AZAMI (2020831242)

SITI NURAISYAH BINTI HASHIM (2020621366)

JOAN RAYMOND CHRISTIAN SADEN (2022440728)

APPENDICES

35
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