PRINCIPLES OF CARTOGRAPHY

GLS 362
FINAL REPORT

PREPARED FOR:

DATE OF SUBMISSION: JANUARY 2021

CLASS: RAP1205B

PREPARED BY MATRICS NUMBER

AHMAD ZHAFRI BIN MOHD RAMLE 2018408084

Table of Contents

Introduction....................................................................................................................................3

Objective........................................................................................................................................2

Methodology...............................................................................................................................4-5

Data Processing.......................................................................................................................6-20

Result.......................................................................................................................................21-22

Analysis...................................................................................................................................23-27

Reference.....................................................................................................................................28

Comments....................................................................................................................................29
Introduction

Generally speaking is Cartography is the making and study of maps in all their aspectsand With the
advent of digital technology and GIS, the scope of cartography includes production, usage
of maps, organization, management, analysis and exploitation ofcartographic digital files. In
summary what we can say about Cartography is an efficient way of manipulating, analysing and
expressing ideas, forms and relationships that occur in two-and three-dimensional space.

Maps were designed for specific purposes and specific information. There are threetypes of maps that
is topographic maps, thematic maps and chart. Concept of map making isthe process of communicating
concepts, facts and ideas to be transmitted through the map foran audience using a defined media.
Appraised, collect and compile is the process of gatheringdata and information through that information
and processing. To construct map making isencode information for a particular purpose. Digitize
represent of an object, image, sound,document or a signal by discrete set of its points or samples. The
result is called digitalrepresentation or, more specifically a digital image for the object and digital form
for the signal.

Aims

The purpose of digitizing is to make the map become more legible and easy to read.

Objective

These are the objectives of our task :

  To develop skill in map design, reading, analysis and interpretation.

 To produce the topographic map and digitizing of map.
 To promote the principles of cartographic ethics.
 To introduce students to the process of maps communication and way the cartographycan assist
the map user.
 To learn how to make map projection.
 To understand more details about digitizing and mapping.
 To learn the types of symbol that always have on maps. 
 To encourage student familiar using the Map Info software

Study Area
(Put topo map) yg lab tu.

Software used

1. MapInfo Professional is the software to digitize map. It is a desktop

geographicinformation system (GIS) software product produced by Pitney Bowes
Software thatformerly MapInfo Corporation and used for mapping and location analytics.
MapInfo allowsusers to visualize, analyse, edit, interpret, understand and output data to reveal
relationships,patterns, trends and helps to explore spatial data within a dataset, symbolize
features and create map.
2. Adobe Illustrator CS6

METHODOLOGY

Flow chart

Selection of area

(Pendang)

Registration Map(4 points)

Layer

Digitizing

Output/Map

RESULT AND ANALYSIS

Data processing
1. Open the MapInfo and choose the maps that want to use. After that, start the workwith open File and
select Open.

2. Change the file type to Raster Image. Then select the map and click open.

3. Select Register to open the map.

4. Before place the coordinate, change the projection category into MalaysianProjections and
the category member to the RSO West Malaysia. After that, selectOK. Place the given coordinate into
each side of the map with select Add and clickon the side that want to place coordinate for all side and
select OK.

5. To start the digitizing. Open the File and select New table. Select Add to CurrentMapper and click
Create.

6. Name the feature that want to digitize and select Create. Repeat the same method toall feature with
open New Table.

7. Using poly line or polygon on drawing tool bar to start the digitize process.

8. Layer can be show and hidden with the layer control.

9. After finish digitizing. Select Map to Create Legend and click Finish to show theLegend.

10. Select Window to create New Layout Window to show both digitizing Map and Legend.

Procedure
1. Open MapInfo then click File – OPEN – select image from folder (choose standard place).

2.Image Registration window will appear – Click Projection.

3. Enter four control point given by clicking Add. Then chose point at click at the image.

4.Create new table for every features and refer to figure 8 and figure .
5.To start digitizing, first have to add table. Click File – New Table refer figure 10.

6. Click Layer Control – Layer Control window will appear. Choose Make Layer Editable to start work.

7.Then, the same procedure can be applied to other properties on the topographic map e.g. road,
contour line, building and others).

8.The final output is shown below. (before adding layout and legend).
9.Next, go to “Create Legend”.

10.After finish adjusted the tools, north arrow. The map will appear like that, as the below picture. It
ready to print.
Result

(Shows the final map of Pendang, Kedah after the process of digitizing)

Conclusion

From this task, concept of digitizing clearly understood which involve from beginningsuch as process raw
data which is Tanah Merah Map that provide too detail of informationinto digitizing map which is less
detail information with taking in consideration of each theinformation. By utilizing generalization
process which is elimination, simplification,aggregation, size reduction, typification,
exaggeration, classification, displacement andrefinement we able to produce digitize map which is
simple, convenient and ease to viewspatial data information that include in digitize plan.

This process must use Map Info Professional software that be able to interpreted Mapinfo to new
Digitized Map which is easy to understand