PROJECT

ENGLISH
III
Teacher: NGO TUNG ANH
Member of the group 16:
Bui Thi Khanh Linh - 24A4010215
Nguyen Phuong Linh - 22A4010743
Nguyen Yen Nhi - 23A4050282
Do Khanh Linh - 24A4012312
Mac Thu Trang - 24A4041446

Ha Noi, May 2023

Teacher: Ngô Tùng Anh
Member of the group 16: Bùi Thị Khánh Linh
Nguyễn Phương Linh
Nguyễn Yến Nhi
Đỗ Khánh Linh
Mạc Thu Trang

Ha Noi, May 2023

Page | 1
Teacher: Ngô Tùng Anh
Member of the group 16: Bùi Thị Khánh Linh
Nguyễn Phương Linh
Nguyễn Yến Nhi
Đỗ Khánh Linh
Mạc Thu Trang

Ha Noi, May 2023

Page | 2
 Mục Lục

Group work schedule ............................................................ 3

A GROUP WORK REPORT ..................................................... 15
Articles ............................................................................... 17
Part 1: Passage and question below. For each question, circle
the letter A,B,C or D .......................................................... 17
Part 2: Read the passage and answer the following questions
........................................................................................ 23
Part 3: Are the following statements true, or false .............. 27
Part 4: Match the words with their definitions ................... 32
Part 5: Write the summary of the following passage ........... 37
Answer Key ......................................................................... 42
Part 1: Multiple choice ...................................................... 42
Part 2: Q&A ...................................................................... 42
Part 3: T/F ........................................................................ 43
Part 4: Matching ............................................................... 44
Part 5 : Summarizing ......................................................... 44

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 Group work schedule
Task division

Name Task Level of Competition

Bui Thi Khanh Linh 1. Make a plan for team Complete the task on
2. Article: Summarizing. time, as required.
3. Check and support
Nhi’s article.
4. Read and give
comments on other
members’ readings.
6. Make a complete
report, timeline, for the
group.
7. Looking for 2 readings
part 2 and part 5
8. Evaluate the
contribution of the
members under the
collective vote of the
whole group.

Nguyen Yen Nhi 1. Article: T/F Complete the task on

2. Check and support time, as required.
Phuong Linh’s article.
3. Take notes of the
group meeting minutes.
4. Read and give
comments on other
members’ readings.
Nguyen Phương 1. Article: Multiple Complete the task on
Linh choice time, as required.
2. Check and support
Trang’s article.
3. Take notes of the

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 group meeting minutes.
4. Read and give
comments on other
members’ readings.

Đo Khanh Linh 1. Article: Matching Complete the task on

2. Check and support time, as required.
Klinh Bui’s article.
3. Make a complete
word for the group.
4. Read and give
comments on other
members’ readings.

Mac Thu Trang 1. Article: Q&A Complete the task on

2. Check and support time, as required.
Klinh Đo’s article.
3. Make a complete
word for the group.
4. Read and give
comments on other
member’s readings.

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 TIMELINE

Date To do list

15/5/2023 1. Vote for the group leader

2. Do the topic selection for the assignment.
18/5/2023 1. Select 5 articles on the chosen topic.
2. Based on the selected reading, decide the suitable article
for each requirement.
23/5/2023 1. Check the exercise 1st
2. Give your opinion on the correction of minor errors in the
article as well as the presentation.
3. Urges to complete the remaining work of the product
package.
29/5/2023 1. Check the errors off article
2. Discuss and divide the rest of work for members.

1/6/2023 1. Last check

2. Give each person's contribution level.

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 MEETING REPORT OF ENG III

Meeting Minutes (Session 1)

I. Time, location
1. Time: 22:25 on May 15th, 2023
2. Meeting minute: 35 minutes
3. Location: Online on Google Meeting
II. Purpose of the meeting
1. Vote for the group leader
2. Do the topic selection for the assignment.
III. Contribution of members
The whole team reviews the content, requirements and suggestions of the
project. Then giving their opinions on the choices of topics for the project
and deciding to choose the topic Environment first.
No. Full name Contribution

1 Bui Thi Khanh Linh – - Vote on the topic The Natural World
Leader related to the Environment.
- Suggest the other topics: Travel and
holidays
2 Nguyen Phuong - Have an opinion to pick boiling topics such
Linh as Covid-19...
3 Nguyen Yen Nhi – - Agree with The Natural World
Reporter - Pick other topics Language, Education

4 Do Khanh Linh - Agree to pick the topic Education.

5 Mac Thu Trang - Agree to pick the topic Natural World

IV. The end of the meeting
- Team leaded to the agreement on the topic of the report: Environment &
The Natural World
- Divide work parts and deadlines according to the opinions of the team.
- Effectiveness: 95%

Hanoi, May 15th, 2023

Members’ signature
The reporter

Page | 6
 Meeting Minutes (Session 2)

I. Time, location
1. Time: 22:25 on May 18th, 2023
2. Meeting minute: 50 minutes
3. Location: Online on Google Meeting
II. Purpose of the meeting
1. Select 5 articles on the chosen topic.
2. Based on the selected reading, decide the suitable article for each
requirement.
III. Contribution of members
The whole team reviews 10 articles of all members. Then decide to choose
5 of them: Thunderstorm, Niagara Falls, Dolphins, Wild animals,
Rainforests; and find out the suitable question for each of them.
No. Full name Contribution

1 Bui Thi Khanh Linh - Organize and run the meeting

- Assigning tasks to the members
- Select text
- Comment on members’ posts
- Do article 2
2 Nguyen Phuong - Write meeting report
Linh - Select text
Reporter - Comment on members’ posts
- Do article 1
3 Nguyen Yen Nhi - Select text
- Comment on members’ posts
- Do article 3

4 Do Khanh Linh - Select text

- Comment on members’ posts
- Do article 4
- The goal of the group, Reporting result &
Edit Word version

5 Mac Thu Trang - Select text

- Comment on members’ posts
- Do article 5
- Reasons for grouping & Edit Word version

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IV. The end of the meeting
- Divide work parts and deadlines according to the opinions of the team.
- Effectiveness: 98%
Hanoi, May 18th, 2023
Members’ signature
The reporter

Page | 8
 Meeting Minutes (Session 3)

I. Time, location
1. Time: 22:35 on May 23th, 2023
2. Meeting minute: 25 minutes
3. Location: Online on Google Meeting
II. Participant
1. Bui Thi Khánh Linh - Leader
2. Nguyen Yen Nhi
3. Nguyen Phuong Linh -Absent but with a good reason
4. Do Khanh Linh
5. Mac Thu Trang
III. Purpose of the meeting
1. Check the exercise 1st
2. Give your opinion on the correction of minor errors in the article as well
as the presentation.
3. Urges to complete the remaining work of the product package.
IV. Contribution of members
Each member of the team takes turns to check ex of another member to
supplement and detect mistakes

No. Full name Contribution

1 Bui Thi Khanh - Check the members' ex completion
Linh - Remind the members to complete their part as
well as check the work of other members
- Check the exercise 2
- division of work for individuals to work together

2 Nguyen - Check the exercise 2

Phuong Linh

3 Nguyen Yen - agree with the assignment of the leader

Nhi - Check the exercise 1

4 Do Khanh - agree with the assignment of the leader

Linh - Check the exercise 5
- correct the presentation of the new word

5 Mac Thu - agree with the assignment of the leader

Trang - Check the exercise 4

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V. The end of the meeting
- Divide work parts and deadlines according to the opinions of the team.
- Effectiveness: 95%

Hanoi, May 23th, 2023

Members’ signature
The reporter

Page | 10
 Meeting Minutes (Session 4)

I. Time, location
1. Time: 22:35 on May 23th, 2023
2. Meeting minute: 25 minutes
3. Location: Online on Google Meeting
II. Purpose of the meeting
1. Check the exercise 1st
2. Give your opinion on the correction of minor errors in the article as well
as the presentation.
3. Urges to complete the remaining work of the product package.
III. Contribution of members
Each member of the team takes turns to check ex of another member to
supplement and detect mistakes

No. Full name Contribution

1 Bui Thi Khanh - Check the members' ex completion

Linh - Remind the members to complete their part as
well as check the work of other members
- Check the exercise 2
- division of work for individuals to work
together
2 Nguyen Phuong - Absent but with a good reason
Linh - Check the exercise 2
3 Nguyen Yen Nhi - agree with the assignment of the leader
– Reporter - Check the exercise 1

4 Do Khanh Linh - agree with the assignment of the leader

- Check the exercise 5
- correct the presentation of the new word

5 Mac Thu Trang - agree with the assignment of the leader

- Check the exercise 4
IV. The end of the meeting
- Divide work parts and deadlines according to the opinions of the team.
- Effectiveness: 95%

Hanoi, May 23th, 2023

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Members’ signature
The reporter

Page | 12
 Meeting Minutes (Session 5)

I. Time, location
1. Time: 22:35 on June 1th, 2023
2. Meeting minute: 25 minutes
3. Location: Online on Google Meeting
II. Purpose of the meeting
1. Last check
2. Give each person's contribution level.
III. Contribution of members
Each member of the team takes turns to check ex of another member to
supplement and detect mistakes.

No. Full name Contribution

1 Bui Thi Khanh Linh - Check the members' ex completion

- Reread the portfolio
- Evaluate the entire word and give each
person’s contribution level

2 Nguyen Phuong - Reread the portfolio

Linh – Reporter - Comment on each other (based on the
criteria of attitude, consciousness,
work efficiency)
3 Nguyen Yen Nhi - Reread the portfolio
- Comment on other members (based on the
criteria of attitude, consciousness,
work efficiency)

4 Do Khanh Linh - Reread the portfolio

- Comment on other members (based on the
criteria of attitude, consciousness,
work efficiency)

5 Mac Thu Trang - Reread the portfolio

- Comment on other members (based on the
criteria of attitude, consciousness,
work efficiency)
IV. The end of the meeting
- Finish all work perfectly

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- Effectiveness: 99%
Hanoi, June 1th, 2023
Members’ signature

Page | 14
 A GROUP WORK REPORT
(REASONS FOR GROUPING, OUTCOME, EFFICIENCY, ACHIEVEMENT,
CONTRIBUTION OF EACH MEMBER)

Reasons for grouping

Nowadays, teamwork is becoming more and more popular in schools
and workplaces. Whether it is a task that requires professional knowledge
or just a common task, teamwork is still extremely essential because it gives
us unexpected success. The idiom “Together we can change the world”
affirms once again the importance and benefits of working in a team. We
are not perfect, so no one can understand all areas of this life. Each person
has their own strengths, and fort and they will certainly do better in that
field than others. Therefore, when individuals work together instead of
working alone, not only time will be saved but also the team’s tasks will be
shared, so each member will have the opportunity to promote their fortes
at the tasks that they understand better than others, which will make the
rate of the success become higher, even much higher than working
independently. Since then, thanks to teamwork, we can not only acquire
more knowledge from teammates but also improve communication skills,
emotional control skills, solidarity, etc. From realizing the benefits of
teamwork mentioned above, we have formed a team of five members.
During the process of teamwork, exchanging ideas between five members,
discussing together, dividing work, and then performing together will help
us learn a lot from other members in working attitude, knowledge, other’s
soft skills, etc. Moreover, cooperation with partners who have never
worked together before is also a great opportunity to connect with new
friends and expand relationships, thereby being able to practice
communication skills, conflict solution skills, and self - development to
become better.

The goal of the group

- Get a good mark.
- Get more knowledge of English II.
- Improve teamwork skills.
- Improve all skills: Speaking, Writing, Listening, Reading.

Reporting results
1. Results achieved
- The team completed the project.
- Improve critical thinking skills.

Page | 15
- Improve teamwork skills.
- The members improve all of their skills: Speaking, writing, listening,
reading.
2. Some limitations of the group
- It takes a lot of time to find the articles.
- English reading skill is limited.

Page | 16
 Articles
Part 1: Passage and question below. For each question, circle the letter
A,B,C or D
Niagara Falls
Niagara Falls, on the
border between Canada
and the USA, is a
magnificent natural
wonder. It is 53 metres
high and a massive 670
metres wide. Niagara
Falls consists of three
magnificent waterfalls
spanning the border of
Ontario and New York—
the 164-foot tall Horseshoe Falls is on the Canadian side while Bridal Veil
And American Falls are on the New York side. These picturesque falls
combined have the highest flow rate in North America. There are many
ways to enjoy the falls, including going on hiking trails and boardwalks at
the base, or visiting viewpoints at the top of the falls. The popular way to
get up close to the falls is to hop on the Maid of the Mist boat tour from the
bottom of Niagara Gorge. All of which have made it one of the most popular
tourist destinations in the world. Over 30 million people visit every year and
the number of visitors is likely to increase. The American side of the falls is
not as impressive as the Canadian side. As a result, it is rarely visited and
because of this it hasn’t changed too much over the years. However, the
Canadian side of the falls could not be more different. The huge number of
tourists means that there is money to be made. This has led to many shops
and museums selling poor-quality souvenirs around the area and
overpriced restaurants serving terrible food are everywhere.
What is the most exciting adventure besides visiting the Falls? The
Whirlpool Jetboat ride is the most exhilarating ride on the planet! Over 1.5
million people have experienced the thrills of riding through the Niagara
Rapids on board one of their 1200hp turbo diesel jetboats. Reservations are
required and there are departures from both the Canadian and USA sides
of the Niagara River. This amazing ride is considered to be one of North
America’s most thrilling experiences.

Page | 17
 Last year Niagara Parks in Niagara Falls Canada opened a new
addition to the already really cool Niagara Power Station. A new glass
enclosed elevator decends almost 200 feet down to the original tailrace
tunnel. After disembarking the elevator you follow the 2,200 foot (670
meters) long tunnel which ends with a viewing platform that offers
spectacular views of the Canadian Falls. This is a great addition to the
already intriguing, informative attraction which provides hands on in depth
information about electrical power generation at Niagara Falls. If you are
the least little bit of technical geek you will absolutely love this!
There used to be a trolley service from Niagara Falls NY to
Youngstown NY which followed the Niagara River right at the water edge.
It was named the “Great Gorge Route” and operated from 1895 until 1930.
The owners of the line eventually closed for good due to the Great
Depression and the newer and more modern modes of transportation of
the bus and automobile. During the tourism season a flood light was
mounted on a flat-bed car and used to illuminate the Giant Whirlpool at
night.
However, when I visited last March, I was so disappointed. Most of
the time all that I could see were people taking selfies with the falls in the
background. This means that no one seemed to appreciate the amazing
natural beauty right in front of them. It was not at all what I’d imagined.
Next year, I’m going on a trip up the River Amazon through the rainforest.
Hopefully in the middle of nowhere, I will be safe from people posing with
their phones.
Source: https://www.macmillaneducation.es/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/B1_WB_U11.pdf

*Questions:

1. How high is Niagara Falls?

A. 53 meters

B. 164 feet

C. 670 meters

D. 1200 feet

2. Which side of the falls is more impressive?

A. American side

Page | 18
 B. Canadian side

C. Both sides are equally impressive

D. None of the above

3. What is the most popular way to get up close to the falls?

A. Hiking trails

B. Boardwalks at the base

C. Visiting viewpoints at the top of the falls

D. Maid of the Mist boat tour

4. How many people visit Niagara Falls every year?

A. 10 million

B. 20 million

C. 30 million

D. 40 million

5. What is the Whirlpool Jetboat ride?

A. A boat tour from the bottom of Niagara Gorge

B. A glass enclosed elevator that descends almost 200 feet down to

the original tailrace tunnel

C. A trolley service from Niagara Falls NY to Youngstown NY

D. A thrilling ride through the Niagara Rapids on board a 1200hp

turbo diesel jetboat

6. What is the new addition to Niagara Parks in Niagara Falls Canada?

A. A new glass enclosed elevator

B. A viewing platform that offers spectacular views of the Canadian

Falls

C. A hands-on in-depth information about electrical power

generation at Niagara Falls
Page | 19
 D. All of the above

7. What was the Great Gorge Route?

A. A hiking trail at the base of Niagara Falls

B. A trolley service from Niagara Falls NY to Youngstown NY

C. A boat tour from the bottom of Niagara Gorge

D. A glass enclosed elevator that descends almost 200 feet down to

the original tail-race tunnel

8. What was the reason for the closure of the Great Gorge Route?

A. The Great Depression

B. The newer and more modern modes of transportation of the bus

and automobile

C. Both A and B

D. None of the above

9. What is the author's opinion of the tourist experience at Niagara Falls?

A. It is amazing and worth the visit

B. It is disappointing and overrated

C. It is both amazing and disappointing

D. None of the above

10. What is the author's plan for their next trip?

A. To visit the Great Gorge Route

B. To take the Whirlpool Jetboat ride

C. To go on a trip up the River Amazon through the rainforest

D. To visit the Niagara Power Station

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*New words:

No Words/Phrase Meaning Examples

1. Tourist (n)/tʊərɪst/ A person who is Each summer millions of

traveling or visiting a tourists visit the
place for pleasure. mountain.

2. Wonder (n)
A feeling of great It's good to see a space
/wʌndəʳ/ surprise and film that is actually
admiration caused impressed by the
by seeing or wonders of space.
experiencing
something that is
strange and new.

3. Trail (n) /treɪl/

A path through a You'll spend days
countryside, exploring forest trails
mountain, or forest and driving cattle.
area, often made or
used for a particular
purpose.

4. Boat (n) /boʊt/

A small vehicle for One of the best ways to
traveling on water. see the area is in a small
boat.

5. Souvenir (n) Something you buy When it comes to

or keep to help you holiday souvenirs most
/suːvənɪəʳ/ remember a holiday people would stop at the
or special event. T-shirt.

Page | 21
 6. Expensive (adj)
Costing a lot of It’s complex and
/ɪkspensɪv/ money. expensive to make
hydrogen.

7. Boardwalk (n)
A path usually built There's a boardwalk that
/bɔːʳdwɔːk/ of wooden boards. goes all the way around
the perimeter.

8. Jet boat (n)

A boat propelled by Jet boat tours range
/jet bōt/ an engine which from about $30 to $95
expels a powerful jet per day trip.
of water.

9. Elevator (n) A device like a box

that moves up and The elevator always
/elɪveɪtəʳ/ down, carrying takes exactly 2 minutes
people or goods to reach the ground
from one floor of a floor.
building to another.

10. Flood light (n)

A large, powerful Work was still
/flʌdlaɪt/ electric light used for continuing last night
lighting outside under floodlights.
areas.

Page | 22
Part 2: Read the passage and answer the following questions

Dolphin species
Dolphins are often regarded as one of
Earth's most intelligent animals. They are
social creatures, living in pods of up to a
dozen individuals. In places with a high
abundance of food, pods can merge
temporarily, forming a superpod; such
groupings may exceed 1,000 dolphins.

Dolphins can, however, establish strong social bonds; they will stay
with injured or ill individuals, even helping them to breathe by bringing
them to the surface if needed. This altruism does not appear to be limited
to their own species. The dolphin Moko in New Zealand has been observed
guiding a female Pygmy Sperm Whale together with her calf out of shallow
water where they had stranded several times. They have also been seen
protecting swimmers from sharks by swimming circles around the
swimmers or charging the sharks to make them go away.

Dolphins also display culture, something long believed to be unique

to humans. In May 2005, a discovery in Australia found Indo-Pacific
bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) teaching their young to use tools.
They cover their snouts with sponges to protect them while foraging
(looking or searching for food or provisions.) Using sponges as mouth
protection as well as other transmitted behavior proves dolphins'
intelligence.

Generally, dolphins sleep with only one brain hemisphere in slow-

wave sleep at a time, thus maintaining enough consciousness to breathe
and to watch for possible predators and other threats. Earlier sleep stages
can occur simultaneously in both hemispheres. In captivity, dolphins
seemingly enter a fully asleep state where both eyes are closed and there
is no response to mild external stimuli. In this case, respiration is automatic;
a tail kick reflex keeps the blowhole above the water if necessary. Though a
similar state has been observed with wild sperm whales, it is not known if
dolphins in the wild reach this state.

Dolphins identify themselves with signature whistles. However,

scientists have found no evidence of a dolphin language. For example, a
mother dolphin may whistle to her calf almost continually for several days

Page | 23
after giving birth. This acoustic imprinting helps the calf learn to identify its
mother. Besides whistles, dolphins produce clicks and sounds that resemble
moans, trills, grunts and squeaks. They make these sounds at any time and
at considerable depths. Sounds vary in volume, wavelength, frequency and
pattern. Dolphins produce sounds ranging from 0.25 to 150 kHz. The lower
frequency vocalizations (0.25 to 50 kHz) are likely used in social
communication. Higher frequency clicks (40 to 150 kHz) are primarily used
in echolocation.
Source:https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/reading-dolphins.php

https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/reading-dolphins-sleep.php

*Questions:
1. What are dolphins known for?
2. How do dolphins live?
3. Do dolphins show altruistic behavior?
4. Give an example of dolphins' altruistic behavior towards other species.
5. How do dolphins display culture?
6. How do dolphins sleep?
7. What is the sleep state of dolphins in the wild?
8. How do dolphins communicate?
9. What is the purpose of dolphins' lower frequency vocalizations?
10. What is the purpose of dolphins' higher frequency clicks?
*New words:

Words/Phrase Meaning Examples

1. Abundance (noun) A large quantity In places with an

or amount. abundance of fish,
/əˈbʌndəns/ dolphins thrive and
form superpods.

Page | 24
2. Altruism (noun) Selfless concern Dolphins display
for the well-being altruism by helping
/ˈæltruɪzəm/ injured or ill
of others.
individuals and
even protecting
swimmers from
sharks.

3. Foraging (verb) Searching or Indo-Pacific

looking for food. bottlenose dolphins
/ˈfɒrɪdʒ/
use tools, such as
sponges, to protect
their snouts while
foraging.

4. Hemisphere (n) Half of a sphere Dolphins sleep with

or globe. only one brain
/ˈhemɪsfɪr/ hemisphere at a
time, allowing them
to remain conscious
and vigilant.

5. Captivity (n) Being held or In captivity,

confined in a dolphins enter a
/kæpˈtɪvəti/
controlled fully asleep state
environment. with closed eyes
and no response to
external stimuli.

6. Imprinting (v) The process of Mother dolphins

learning and use acoustic
/ɪmˈprɪnt/ forming a strong imprinting to help
connection or their calves identify
identification. and recognize them
through whistling.

7. Echolocation (n) The ability to Dolphins use high-

determine the frequency clicks for
location of echolocation to

Page | 25
 /ˌekəʊləʊˈkeɪʃn/ objects by navigate and locate
emitting sound prey in their
waves and environment.
interpreting the
echoes.

8. Wavelength (n) The distance Dolphins'

between vocalizations have
/ˈweɪvleŋkθ/ successive crests different
or troughs of a wavelengths, which
wave. contribute to the
variations in their
sounds.

9. Frequency (n) The rate at which Dolphins produce

a sound wave sounds at various
/ˈfriːkwənsi/ oscillates or frequencies,
repeats. ranging from low-
frequency
vocalizations for
social
communication to
high-frequency
clicks for
echolocation.

10. Pattern (n) A regular or Dolphins' sounds

predictable have unique
/ˈpætərn/ arrangement of patterns that can
objects, sounds, convey different
or events. messages or
information to
other dolphins.

Page | 26
Part 3: Are the following statements true, or false
How does mother nature transfer heat from the surface?
Thunderstorms, with their jagged bursts of lightning and roaring
thunder, are actually one of nature’s primary mechanisms for transferring
heat from the surface of the earth into the atmosphere. A thunderstorm
starts when low-lying pockets of warm air from the surface of the earth
begin to rise. The pockets of warm air float upward through the air above
that is both cooler and heavier. The rising pockets cool as their pressure
decreases, and their latent heat is released above the condensation line
through the formation of
cumulus clouds.
What will happen with
these clouds depends on the
temperature of the atmosphere.
In winter, the air temperature
differential between higher and
lower altitudes is not extremely great, and the temperature of the rising air
mass drops more slowly. During these colder months, the atmosphere,
therefore, tends to remain rather stable. In summer, however, when there
is a high accumulation of heat near the earth’s surface, in direct contrast to
the considerably colder air higher up, the temperature differential between
higher and lower altitudes is much more pronounced. As warm air rises in
this type of environment, the temperature drops much more rapidly than it
does in winter; when the temperature drops more than 4 degrees
Fahrenheit per thousand feet of altitude, cumulus clouds aggregate into a
single massive cumulonimbus cloud, or thunderhead.
In isolation, a single thunderstorm is an impressive but fairly benign
way for Mother Earth to defuse trapped heat from her surface;
thunderstorms, however, can appear in concert, and the resulting show,
while extremely impressive, can also prove extraordinarily destructive.
When there is a large-scale collision between cold air and warm air masses
during the summer months, a squall line, or series of thunderheads, may
develop. It is common for a squall line to begin when an advancing cold
front meets up with and forces itself under a layer of warm and moist air,
creating a line of thunderstorms that races forward at speeds of
approximately forty miles per hour. A squall line, which can be hundreds of
miles long and can contain fifty distinct thunderheads, is a magnificent force
of nature with incredible potential for destruction. Within the squall line,

Page | 27
often near its southern end, can be found supercells, long-lived rotating
storms of exceptional strength that serve as the source of tornadoes.
https://tuyensinh247.com/bai-tap-243226.html

*Questions:
1. Thunderstorms are one of nature's principal processes for moving
heat from the earth's surface to the atmosphere.
2. When low-lying pockets of warm air from the earth's surface start to
rise, a thunderstorm will end.
3. In the cold weather, there is not a significant difference in air
temperature between higher and lower elevations.
4. In the summer, the temperature difference between higher and
lower elevations is the same as in the winter.
5. When warm air rises in the environment that temperature’s
difference between higher and lower altitudes is great, the
temperature drops much more quickly than it does when the air
temperature differential between higher and lower altitudes is not
extremely pronounced.
6. Cumulus clouds combine into a single, enormous thunderhead, when
the temperature decreases by more than 4 degrees Fahrenheit per
thousand feet of altitude.
7. One thunderstorm can release trapped heat from the Earth's surface
in a relatively benign way even if it appears in concert.
8. A squall line is known as groups of thunderheads.
9. A squall line is capable of containing fifty different thunderheads.
10.A squall line can be thousands of miles long.

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*New words

No Word/ Phrase Meaning Synonym Example

1. mechanism (n) a way of doing tool, way, These

/ˈmek.ə.nɪ.zəm/ something that is solution, automatic
planned or part of appliance, cameras have
a system process, a special
method, focusing
technique, mechanism.
operation,...

2. condensation (n) the drops of water moisture,... Condensation

/ˌkɒn.denˈseɪ.ʃən/ that appear on is also the
cold windows or process by
other surfaces, as which water
a result of hot air vapor in the
or steam atmosphere
becoming cool (= air
surrounding
the earth)
cools and
changes into
liquid water.

3. cumulus (n) a type of tall, coma, cumulus is a

/ˈkjuː.mjə.ləs/ white cloud with a mushroom type of tall,
wide, flat base cloud, nebula, white cloud
and rounded dust cloud, with a wide,
shape mushroom- flat base and
shaped rounded
cloud,... shape

4. accumulation (n) the process of aggregation, The company

/əˈkjuː.mjə.leɪt/ gradually buildup, said the debt
increasing in growth, was
amount, or the addition, accumulated
increased amount collection during its
acquisition of
nine

Page | 29
 individual
businesses.

5. pronounced (a) very noticeable or noticeable, I'm told I have

/prəˈnaʊnst/ certain marked, a very
definit... pronounced
English accent
when I speak
French.

6. aggregate (v) something formed total, sum, Snowflakes

/ˈæɡ.rɪ.ɡət/ by adding totality... are loose
together several aggregates
amounts or things of ice
crystals.

7. cumulonimbus(n) a large, tall type of thunderhead, Cumulonimbu

/ˌkjuː.mjə.ləʊˈnɪm. cumulus cloud thundercloud. s is a large,
bəs/ that is often dark .. tall type of
and brings heavy cumulus
rain or a cloud that is
thunderstorm often dark
and brings
heavy rain or
a
thunderstorm

8. benign (a) not harmful or kind, His humor

/bɪˈnaɪn/ severe warmhearted, was benign,
good-natured, never cruel or
friendly,... hurtful.
9. large-scale (a) involving many wide- We must
/ˌlɑːdʒˈskeɪl/ people or things, reaching, improve our
or happening over wide-ranging, response to
a large area sweeping, large-scale
broad, far- natural
reaching,... disasters.

10. collision (n) a strong conflict bump, There has

/kəˈlɪʒ.ən/ impact, hit, been a

Page | 30
strike, clash, collision on
smash,... the
southbound
stretch of the
motorway.

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Part 4: Match the words with their definitions
Animals in the city
Recently, there have been many reports in newspapers and on TV
about big animals coming into towns and cities. There have been bears in
Vancouver parks, leopards on the streets of Mumbai and wild pigs in
gardens in Berlin. What happens when big animals come into our cities? Is
it a good thing or is it dangerous for us and the animals?

Wild animals usually

come into cities to look
for food. In Cape Town,
South Africa, baboons
sometimes come into
the suburbs. They eat
fruit from gardens and
go into people's
kitchens and take food
from cupboards and
fridges! Baboons are
strong animals and sometimes they scare children and fight with pet dogs.
Many people do not like them, but the city can be dangerous for baboons
too. Sometimes, baboons are hurt in car accidents and the sugar in human
food can be very bad for their teeth. The city council in Cape Town has a
team of Baboon Monitors. Their job is to find baboons in the city and take
them back to the countryside. This makes the city safer for people and it is
healthier for the baboons. The problem is that a lot of baboons will come
back to the city to find food again.

In Berlin in Germany, groups of wild pigs sometimes come into the city to
look for food. Pigs have come into the city for hundreds of years, but now
the winters are warmer, there are more pigs than in the past. Pigs eat
flowers and plants and dig in gardens and parks in the city. They also walk
in the street and cause traffic accidents. Some city residents like the pigs
and give them food. But the city council is worried about the traffic
accidents. They have told people to stop giving the pigs food and have put
up fences to stop the pigs entering the city.

In Moscow, Russia, there are 35,000 wild dogs. They live in parks, empty
houses, markets and train stations. Some of the dogs were pets that people

Page | 32
did not want so they left them on the streets. Others were born on the
streets and have always lived there. Some dogs live alone and others live in
packs (a pack is the name for a group of dogs). In 2010, scientists studied
the dogs. They found some very interesting facts:
- Packs have leaders. The leaders are the most intelligent dogs and not
the biggest or strongest ones.
- Dogs know that it is safer to cross the street with people and some
dogs understand traffic lights.
- Dogs have learnt that people give more food to small, cute dogs than
to big ones. The cutest dogs in a pack wait on the street for people to
give them food. When they have got some food, they share it with
the other dogs in the pack.
- Some dogs have started travelling on the Moscow underground
trains.
What do the people in Moscow think of the dogs? A lot of people like
them and are used to seeing them on the streets. They give the dogs food
and water to drink. The winter in Moscow is very cold with lots of snow and
temperatures of -10 ºC. It can be hard for dogs to survive but some city
residents have built small huts for the dogs to live in during the winter.

Mice, squirrels and birds often live in cities and survive. Some bigger
animals like the dogs in Moscow can survive in the city too, with a little help
from their human friends. For many big animals, cities are dangerous places
and they need our help to return to the countryside.
Source:https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/study-break/reading-
zone/b1-graded-reading/animals-city-b1

*Question

Numbers Letters Answer

1. Pigs A. has a team of Baboon Monitors.

2. Baboons B. understand traffic lights.

3. In Berlin C. like the pigs and give them food.

Page | 33
4. The city council in D. are strong animals and sometimes
Cape Town they scare children and fight with pet
dogs.

5. The city council in E. need our help to return to the

Berlin countryside.

6. Some wild dogs in

Moscow F. like the dogs and are used to seeing
them on the streets.

7. The sugar in human G. eat flowers and plants and dig in

food gardens and parks in the city.

8. A lot of people in H. have told people to stop giving the

Moscow pigs food and have put up fences to stop
the pigs entering the city.

9. Some city residents I. can be very bad for baboons’ teeth.

in Berlin

10. Many big animals J. there have been wild pigs in gardens.

*New words:

No Words/Phras Meaning Examples

es
1. Dangerous Able or likely to cause
harm or injury. Depression is very
(adj) dangerous, untreated
depression can lead to
/ˈdānj(ə)rəs/
suicidal thoughts or
attempts.

Page | 34
2. Baboon (n) A large Old World ground-
dwelling monkey with a As omnivores, baboons
͞
/baˈboon/ eat both plants and
long doglike snout, large
teeth, and naked animals.
callosities on the buttocks.

3. Suburb (n) An outlying district of a

city, especially a Suburbs almost always
/ˈsəbərb/ have less people per
residential one.
square mile, which means
less congestion.

4. Resident (n) A person who lives

somewhere permanently Residents of the suburbs
/ˈrez(ə)dənt/ enjoy good social
or on a long-term basis.
amenities without the
noise and bustle of living
in the town center.

5. Council (n) An advisory, deliberative,

or legislative body of He was a top ranked
/ˈkounsəl/ people formally tennis player in high
constituted and meeting school and served as
regularly. student council president.

6. Traffic A collision involving one

accident (n) or more vehicles. He got injured in a traffic
accident last night.
/ˈtrafik
ˈaksədənt/

7. Study (v) Devote time and attention

to acquiring knowledge on Scientists researching
/ˈstədē/ (an academic subject), climate change in
especially by means of Antarctica are studying
books. penguins in an effort to
better understand the
area's environmental
health.

Page | 35
 8. Intelligent Having or showing
intelligence, especially of Intelligent machines such
(adj) as robots are widely
a high level.
applied to take the place
/inˈteləjənt/
of human beings.

9. Temperature The degree or intensity of Tonight in Hanoi,

heat present in a temperatures will vary
(n) substance or object, between 29 and 34°C.
/ˈtemp(ə)rəC especially as expressed
Hər/ according to a
comparative scale.

10 Survive (v) Continue to live or exist, In the snow-covered

especially in spite of fields and forests, the
/sərˈvīv/ danger or hardship. great northern plains, vast
stretches of frozen tundra,
and icy polar regions, wild
animals have to survive
day after day, night after
night, out in the cold.

Page | 36
Part 5: Write the summary of the following passage
The benefits of protecting the rainforest
What Are Rainforests?
Rainforests are forests characterized
by biodiversity and high rainfall, with
annual rainfall between 250 and 450
centimeters (98 and 177 in). There
are two types of rainforest: tropical
rainforest and temperate rainforest.
Tropical rainforests are
characterized by a warm and wet
climate with no substantial dry
season: typically found within 10 degrees north and south of the equator in
areas such as South America, Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa.
Temperate rainforests, however, are only found in a few temperate regions
around the world such as Europe, North America and East Asia.
Economy
Rainforests produce many items that we all use in our daily lives.
Tropical rainforests provide timber as well as animal products such as meat
and hides. Other common rainforest products include: chocolate, sugar,
cinnamon, rubber, medicine, and pineapples. Rainforests also have value as
tourism destinations and for the ecosystem services provided.
Medicine
Scientists already know that more than 1,300 rainforest plants in the
Amazon have some value as medicine. However, so far no more than 10
percent of all the plant and animal species in the world's rain forests have
been studied for their possible medical benefits. Of the few that have been
studied, less than one percent have been tested for their value as a cancer
treatment.
Weather
Rain forests help control the world's climate. In rainforests, it rains a
lot and is very hot. The heat makes the rainwater evaporate back into the
air. About 50 percent of the rain in some rain forests comes from
evaporation. The clouds that cover the rain forests around the equator
reflect the sun and keep the rain forests from getting too hot. When rain

Page | 37
forests are burned and cleared, the carbon is released. This process, called
the "greenhouse effect," causes the weather to become much hotter.
Soil Erosion
Rain forests help to prevent soil erosion and water pollution. The
roots of the forest plants hold soil in place and help to absorb rainfall in
areas that could be damaged by floods. These are just a few of the
important benefits of rainforests. These benefits are often overlooked,
especially in developing countries where poor farmers often move into
forestland because they have no other choice. Also, many governments
support forest clearing to make room for mining, cattle, or export crops.
The loss of tropical forest areas affects many people: the forest
people who lose their homes, the farmers whose lands are destroyed by
soil erosion, the people whose water becomes polluted, the people who
lose their homes in floods, and others. By saving the rainforests, we are
saving a lot more than trees.
https://americanenglish.state.gov/files/ae/resource_files/environmental_education_ch4.pdf

https://americanenglish.state.gov/files/ae/resource_files/environmental_education_ch4.pdf

Summarizing the main content of the passage in about 100 words:

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………

Page | 38
*New words:

No Words/Phrases Meaning Examples

1. characterize (adj) - Another thing is
typical of it. - Bright colors and bold
/ˈkærəktəraɪz/ strokes characterize his
- Character (n): early paintings.
someone who appears
in a story, whether the - The film revolves
story is fiction or around three main
nonfiction. characters.

- Character (n): a - She's a curious

person, especially when character - I don't
you are describing a really know what to
particular quality. think of her.

2. biodiversity (adj) The number and types

of plants and animals There are no funds
/ˌbaɪ.əʊ.daɪˈvɜː.sə specifically earmarked
that exist in a particular
.ti/ area or in the world for biodiversity
generally. protection.

3. cinnamon (n) The bark (hard outer

/ˈsɪn.ə.mən/ covering) of a tropical The dress is available in
tree. cinnamon and green.

4. substantial (adj) Large in size, value, or

/səbˈstæn.ʃəl/ = importance. The findings show a
enormous substantial difference
between the opinions
of men and women.

5. Treatment (n) - The way you deal with

or behave towards - Prisoners of war were
/ˈtriːt.mənt/
someone or something. subjected to inhuman
and degrading
- The use of drugs, treatment.
exercises.. to cure a

Page | 39
 person of an illness or - This disease doesn't
injury: generally respond to
treatment.

6. evaporate (v): To cause a liquid to

/ɪˈvæp.ər.eɪt/ change to a gas, - Plants keep cool
especially by heating. during the summer by
=> evaporation (n) evaporating water
/ɪˌvæp.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ from their leaves.

- Ice cover prevents

evaporation of water
from the lake surface.

7. reflect (v) To show, express, or be

/rɪˈflekt/ on a sign of something. - The statistics reflect a
someone/somethi change in people's
ng spending habits.

=> reflection (n) - He put silver foil

around the fire to
=> reflective (adj) increase heat
reflection.

8. erosion (n) - The fact of soil, stone,

/ɪˈrəʊ.ʒən/ etc. being gradually Soil erosion is the
damaged and removed denudation or wearing
by the waves, rain, or away of the upper
wind. layer of soil.

- Soil erosion: the

detachment and
movement of soil
particles from the point
of origination through
the action of water or
wind.

9. absorb (v) - To take something in, - Plants absorb carbon

/əbˈzɔːb/ especially gradually. dioxide.

Page | 40
 => absorbable - To reduce the effect of - It's hard to absorb so
(adj) a physical force, shock, much information.
or change.
=> absorbance (n)
- To understand facts or
=> absorbed in
ideas completely and
something (adj)
remember them.

10. equator (n) An imaginary line

/ɪˈkweɪ.tər/ drawn around the Flow approaching the
middle of the earth an sphere from upstream
equal distance from the accelerates, forms a
North Pole and the vortex jump beyond
South Pole. the equator.

Page | 41
 Answer Key

Part 1: Multiple choice

1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D
Line2, line12,13 phase Line 9 phase 1 Line11 phase Line 4 phase 2
phase 1 1 1
6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C
Phase 3 Line 1 phase 4 Line4, 5 phase Line 1 phase 5 Line 5 phase 5
4

Part 2: Q&A
1. Answer: Dolphins are often regarded as one of Earth's most
intelligent animals. (line 1, phase 1)
2. Answer: Dolphins are social creatures, living in pods of up to a dozen
individuals. In places with a high abundance of food, pods can merge
temporarily, forming a superpod; such groupings may exceed 1,000
dolphins. (line 2, phase 1)
3. Answer: Yes, dolphins can establish strong social bonds and exhibit
altruistic behavior. They will stay with injured or ill individuals, even
helping them to breathe by bringing them to the surface if needed.
(line 1, phase 2)
4. Answer: The dolphin Moko in New Zealand has been observed
guiding a female Pygmy Sperm Whale together with her calf out of
shallow water where they had stranded several times. (line 4, phase
2)
5. Answer: Dolphins display culture, something long believed to be
unique to humans. For example, Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins in
Australia have been observed teaching their young to use tools, such
as covering their snouts with sponges while foraging. (line 1, phase 3)
6. Answer: Dolphins sleep with only one brain hemisphere in slow-wave
sleep at a time, maintaining enough consciousness to breathe and
watch for predators. In captivity, they enter a fully asleep state where

Page | 42
 both eyes are closed and there is no response to mild external stimuli.
(line 1, phase 4)
7. Answer: It is not known if dolphins in the wild reach the same fully
asleep state observed in captivity. (line 8, phase 4)
8. Answer: Dolphins identify themselves with signature whistles. They
also produce clicks and sounds that resemble moans, trills, grunts,
and squeaks. Dolphins make these sounds at any time and at
considerable depths. (line 1, phase 5)
9. Answer: Lower frequency vocalizations (0.25 to 50 kHz) are likely
used in social communication. (line 8, phase 5)
10.Answer: Higher frequency clicks (40 to 150 kHz) are primarily used in
echolocation. (line 9, phase 5)

Part 3: T/F
1. T.
2. F. “A thunderstorm starts when low-lying pockets of warm air from the
surface of the earth begin to rise.”
3. T.
4. F. “In summer, however, when there is a high accumulation of heat near
the earth’s surface, in direct contrast to the considerably colder air
higher up, the temperature differential between higher and lower
altitudes is much more pronounced.”
5. T.
6. T.
7. F. “thunderstorms, however, can appear in concert, and the resulting
show, while extremely impressive, can also prove extraordinarily
destructive.”
8. T.
9. T.
10. F. “A squall line, which can be hundreds of miles long [...]."

Page | 43
Part 4: Matching
1.G 2.D 3.J 4.A 5.H
6.B 7.I 8.F 9.C 10.E

Part 5 : Summarizing
Rainforests are forests characterized by biodiversity and high rainfall
levels. Rainforest is one of two types of rainforest, the other is temperate
rainforest. Rainforests are found on many different continents. Rainforests
provide a wide range of products useful for human life and tourism value.
Rainforests have many kinds of trees that have medical value. Rainforests
help climate regulators by absorbing carbon dioxide gas and releasing
oxygen. The trees there also help prevent soil erosion and water pollution,
tree roots keep the soil more connected and absorb rainwater. There are
many positive impacts but the developing governments are increasingly
ignoring the rain forests. Saving the rainforest is not just saving the trees, it
is saving ourselves.

Page | 44