Thesis

Thesis by Klaus Herkrodt, 1985, Technical University of Braunschweig
94 pages

> Content ...
> Vorwort  3
> Inhaltsverzeichnis  4
> Formelzeichen  5
> 1. Einleitung  6
> 2. Stand der Technik - Aufgabenstellung  7
> 3. Einteilung der Trochoiden  9
  » 3.1 Begriffsbestimmung  9
> 4. Doppelte Erzeugung der Trochoiden  12
  » 4.1 Epitrochoide - Peritrochoide  12
  » 4.2 Zweifache Erzeugung von Hypotrochoiden  15
  » 4.3 Gleicheit der Kruemmungsmittelpunkte  17
> 5. Erzeugung der Trochoiden - Geometriepaarungen  20
  » 5.1 Allgemeine Beschreibung der Bewegungsvorgaenge bei der Kreisrollung  24
  » 5.2 Epitrochoiden + deren Huellkurven  30
  » 5.3 Hypotrochoiden + deren Huellkurven  38
  » 5.4 Hypotrochoide + Zykloide als Resthuellkurve  44
> 6. Kinematik der Trochoiden  51
  » 6.1 Kreisungspunktkurve  51
  » 6.2 Ausgezeichnete Punkte der Trochoiden  54
  » 6.3 Evoluten  60
  » 6.4 Gleitgeschwindigkeit + -beschleunigung in den Stuetzpunkten  64
  » 6.5 Extremwerte der Gleitgeschwindigkeiten + -beschleunigungen bei Trochoiden + deren Huellkurven  71
> 7. Gangpolbahn + Rastpolbahn als singulaere Punkte  75
> 8. Beispiele + Sonderfaelle  77
  » 8.1 Motor- + Pumpengeometrien  78
  » 8.2 Cyclo-Getriebe  80
  » 8.3 Exzenterschneckenpumpen  81
  » 8.4 Geometrien mit variabler Kammerflaeche  84
  » 8.5 Rotor im Rotor  85
> 9. Zusammenfassung  86
> Literaturverzeichnis  88
> Lebenslauf  94

german keywords: Wankelmotor / Kreiskolbenmotor
English Keywords: Wankel Engine / Wankel Rotary Engine / Rotary Piston Engine / Rotary Combustion Engine

This book uses sports as a metaphor for research methods. It focuses on how to use and build frameworks for empirical research. The frameworks are analogous to a "play", which is connected to a unique purpose and directs the movement of players during the game. Examples from award winning student research support the chapters that introduce 4 different conceptual frameworks. Before a player can enter the game, he or she should be in shape and understand the rules. Effective teams have systems in place that help their players achieve top physical abilities. Likewise, student scholars need systems in place to ensure they have the necessary skills and preparation to conceptualize and write a strong paper. To do this, it is helpful to bring project management skills to the task of writing a paper. A project management system organizing a scholar's time, materials and Ideas is presented. The book is written using John Dewey and Charles Sanders Pierce's philosophy of science and theory of inquiry.

ABSTRACT
COLLECTING AND USAGE OF WATER IN HISTORICAL ALANYA CASTLE (TARİHİ ALANYA KALESİ’NDE SU: ELDE EDİLMESİ VE KULLANIMI)
Nilgün AKMAN
Department of Architecture
Alanya Hamdullah Emin Pasa University, Institute of Science, May 2019
Supervisor: Prof.Dr. Erol R. Sayın
(Co-Supervisor: Dr. İsmail Karamut)
This study, titled Collecting and Usage of Water in Historical Alanya Castle is related with the methods applied in Alanya Castle about the storage, transmission, protection, use and discharge of water which forms the basis of life. Alanya Castle has been an uninterrupted settlement area throughout history. In order to carry the traces of cultural continuity, traces of water harvesting methods and water uses have been transferred from past to present. Water structures constructed in different areas such as harvesting and storing rainwater from rooftops and open areas, water use, landslide and soil loss in extreme rains, protection from flood, waste water removal, port structures and water structures that are constructed to benefit from sea by means of transportation and trade are important elements in terms of Hydraulic History. Water structures are the common cultural heritage of humanity which should be transferred to the next generations in terms of explaining their social life, engineering and architecture information, apart from the technological solutions of the period they were built. The fact that while the monumental buildings and civil architectural examples are so accessible; thus searchable, in Alanya Castle, those components also cause some invisibility to the researcher. Key Words: water harvesting, waste water, cistern, tannery
ÖZET
TARİHİ ALANYA KALESİ’NDE SU:
ELDE EDİLMESİ VE KULLANIMI
Nilgün AKMAN
Mimarlık Anabilim Dalı
Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Mayıs 2019
Danışman: Prof.Dr. Erol R. Sayın
(İkinci Danışman: Dr. İsmail Karamut) “Tarihi Alanya Kalesi’nde Su, Elde Edilmesi ve Kullanımı” başlığını taşıyan bu çalışma; yaşamın temelini oluşturan su ile ilgili depolama, iletme, koruma, kullanma, deşarj etme gibi konularda Alanya Kalesi’nde uygulanan yöntemler ile ilgilidir. Alanya Kalesi tarih boyunca kesintisiz yerleşim alanı olmuştur. Kültür sürekliliğinin izlerini taşıması açısından, su hasat yöntemleri ve su kullanım alanları ile ilgili izler geçmişten günümüze aktarılarak gelmiştir. Yağmur suyunun çatılardan ve açık alanlardan hasat edilmesi ve depolanması, su kullanımı, aşırı yağmurlarda heyelan ve toprak kaybı, sellerden korunma, atık suların uzaklaştırılması, liman yapıları ile ulaşım ve ticarette etken rol oynayan denizden yararlanma gibi farklı alanlarda inşa edilen su yapıları Hidrolik Tarihi açısından önemli unsurlardır. Su yapıları, inşa edildikleri döneme ait teknolojik çözümler dışında dönemlerinin sosyal hayatı, mühendislik ve mimarlık bilgilerini anlatmaları açısından gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması gereken insanlığın ortak kültürel mirası niteliğindedir. Anıtsal yapılar ve sivil mimarlık örneklerinin Alanya Kalesi’nde gözle görülecek kadar açıkta olması inceleme kolaylığı sağlarken, bu unsurların kolaylıkla dikkatten kaçmasına da neden olabilmektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: su hasadı, atık su, sarnıç, tabakhane

İlk baskısı 1977 yılında yapılan Tez Nasıl Yazılır adlı eserde Umberto Eco altı bölüm halinde bir mezuniyet tezinin nasıl yazılacağını ve bu yazma sürecinin ince, zorlu ve özenli bir iş olduğunu anlatmaktadır. Eco, eserini mezuniyet tezi yazma aşamasında olan İtalyan öğrencilere yönelik yazsa da iyi bir araştırma yapmak için gereken kuralların dünyanın her yerinde aynı olması ve akademik bir çalışmanın evrensel ölçütlere sahip olması sebepleriyle eserin tüm tez öğrencileri, akademisyen adayları, tez danışmanları ve araştırmacılar için rehber niteliğinde olduğu açıktır.

Kitap mezuniyet tezi dendiğinde ne kastedildiğini, konuyu nasıl seçmemiz gerektiğini ve çalışma zamanımızı nasıl kullanacağımızı, bir bibliyografik araştırmanın nasıl yapılacağını, araştırıp bulduğumuz malzemeyi nasıl düzenleyeceğimizi ve çalışmamızı somut olarak nasıl düzenleyip sunabileceğimizi anlatmaktadır.

Çalışmamızda eserin Can Yayınları'ndan çıkan Şubat 2019 tarihli 5. baskısı kullanılmıştır. Eser İtalyanca aslından Betül Parlak tarafından çevrilmiştir.

Dengan tingkat persaingan bisnis yang semakin ketat, banyak coffee shop yang tidak lagi memfokuskan aktivitas pemasaran mereka semata-mata pada pencarian pembeli baru, namun sudah lebih kepada usaha untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kesetiaan pelanggan lama

La emergencia sanitaria ocasionada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 ha impactado en todos los niveles y sectores educativos. Sin embargo, y de manera específica, la situación de los estudiantes que se encuentran en la última etapa de sus estudios universitarios resulta especialmente preocupante, debido a la incertidumbre sobre si cuentan con la adecuada preparación para ingresar al mundo laboral. En el caso de las escuelas
formadoras de maestras y maestros, la problemática gira en torno a sus habilidades para enfrentarse a los retos  que el ejercicio docente les demandará, de acuerdo con el estado actual de la educación. Una de las formas en las que los futuros profesionales de la educación demuestran haber adquirido los saberes y habilidades necesarias para su profesión, es con la elaboración de su documento de titulación, mismo que, junto con otros requisitos, los acredita para dedicarse al oficio de enseñar.
La investigación que a continuación se presenta, documenta el proceso de elaboración del documento de titulación por parte de dos estudiantes
normalistas de la licenciatura en educación primaria, las cuales además pertenecen a un grupo indígena, y la forma en la que se llevó a cabo el acompañamiento de las mismas a través del seminario de titulación. Se utiliza la metodología de estudio de caso, y a través de cuestionarios aplicados a las estudiantes, el análisis de las videograbaciones de las sesiones y de la bitácora del docente, se busca describir los retos y aciertos de la construcción de la tesis de licenciatura en condiciones de pandemia.

Author: Amos Yong
Publisher: CBE International

Is there a way forward beyond the dominant complementarian discourse at this nexus where a predominantly white North American evangelical Christianity has met racial and ethnic others, especially East Asians in the contemporary milieu?

Higher-degree thesis assessment has recently been receiving a fair amount of attention from the education research community, examiners’ reports being the starting point for many of the inquiries. Most discourse focuses on PhD dissertations and tends to neglect less advanced academic works such as Honours’ theses, Master’s theses and Master’s minor theses. Writing at these levels is, however, of vital importance considering the fact that many students go through it not only to lay the foundation for their early research experiences but also to produce the good results that allow students to get accepted and proceed into PhD programs. This research article presents a systematic evaluation and analysis of 47 reports from examiners of students’ M.Ed. minor theses written by graduate students at Monash University in Australia. Employing thesis examination reports as data, the project investigates the strengths and weaknesses of the Masters’ minor theses written. Among different criteria on which a thesis is judged, choice of suitable topic and overall quality of presentation have been addressed relatively well, while data analysis, interpretation and literature review appeared to be the most difficult. Lack of critical thinking was identified as a common weakness, and writing quality played a significant role in deciding the outcome. There was generally a good level of consistency in assessment practices across different reports, with the exception of minor rules and guidelines. Certain influence was also exerted on the evaluation process by examiner’s background and level of engagement with the topic.

High-velocity environment demands higher productivity and faster cycle time of software development organizations. The industry is heralding Agile as THE way of doing this.

My research involves modeling Agile development processes using System Dynamics to understand the effects of agile methodologies on software project performance, and to understand how to better monitor, track, and manage agile software projects within a heavyweight product development framework.

Many countries in the world are considering tourism as an important sector in their economy. A rapid growth of Muslim population, in consequence increasing the number of Muslim travelers with their high contribution to global tourism revenue, has made Muslims becoming a potential group of customers to the tourism market. Achieving tourist satisfaction could be very challenging for Non-Islamic Countries, especially Taiwan. On behalf to attract the Muslim travelers, Taiwan is eager to offer the Muslim friendly environment since Muslim traveler has some basic and specific needs that should comply with their belief and this phenomenon called Muslim travel or Halal tourism. Two research methodologies with the same attributes were conducted in this study. Importance Performance Analysis to investigate which hotel attributes satisfy Muslim visitors and to identify their expectations and satisfaction with these attributes, and the second survey developed for applying Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) was issued to the experts from hotel management and academics side by evaluating the importance of the attributes and constructing the causal relations among the attributes. The results reported will enable hotels to better manage their facilities for Muslim visitors to ensure the sustainability of business performance. Key Words: Halal Tourism, Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA), Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), Muslim Visitors

The aim of the research is to explicate the importance of understanding bio-centric equality in the process of Self-realization. It focuses on how the 17 th century Western concept of Selfrealization, through the process of individuation emphasizing human beings as separate entities, detached from other human and non-human aspects, has induced a selfish nature. Alice Walker's famous novel The Color Purple has been chosen to explore the importance of an alternate reality of a biophilic narrative with regards to the process of Self-realization. Rosemary Radford Ruether's concepts of "Gaia" and the "Human Consciousness and Altruism" are employed on the text by Alice Walker.

by Sean H. Gossett at the Naval Postgraduate School, 2000
101 pages
Suggests the use of Freedom Motors (Moller International) Rotapower 530

> Content ...
> Abstract  12 (page in PDF file)
> Table of Contents  14
> List of Figures  16
> List of Tables  18
> Acknowledgments  20
> 1. Introduction  22
> 2. Mission Statement  24
> 3. Design Considerations  26
  » A. Airframe  26
  » B. Thrust Provision  26
  » C. Power Plant  27
  » D. Current + proposed Designs  28
  » E. Final Configuration  28
> 4. Cross Flow Fan  30
> 5. Rotary Engine  40
> 6. Ducted Propellers  42
> 7. Aircraft Design  46
> 8. Performance  50
> 9. Stability  56
> 10. Conclusions + Recommandations  58
> List of References  60
> Appendix: Presentation Slides  62
> Initial Distribution List  94

german keywords: Wankelmotor / Kreiskolbenmotor
English Keywords: Wankel Engine / Wankel Rotary Engine / Rotary Piston Engine / Rotary Combustion Engine

The Brown v. Board of Education decision was not the immediate remedy to school segregation that many presume it was. School segregation plagues many parts of this nation but none more egregious than New York City. New York City has one of the most segregated school systems in the nation, which stems from the focus on transforming the Jim Crow South, which led to many cities keeping their noiseless segregation. Many issues continue this plight; underfunded schools, unfair acceptance exams, school privatization, and ​underlying racism that pervades some city schools and neighborhoods. This paper will follow how New York City became one of the most segregated school systems in the nation, the roles that activists play, the effects that school segregation has on the academic performance on New York City students, and the possible solutions that ensure that all students in New York City can integrate and perform to the best of their ability. In the paper, I will utilize scholarly papers, books, and news articles on the subjects of school segregation, academic performance, and school activism. My own research will include interviews with teachers, activists, and experts in education and their theories and antidotes for school segregation, as well as, a narrative analysis of the activist organization IntegrateNYC’s constitution.

On the south coast of British Columbia in shíshálh traditional territory, an ancient burial ground (DjRw-14) contains the remains of richly decorated individuals dated to the Charles culture (4000-3500 B.P.). In addition to other grave offerings, the burials contain stone and shell beads ranging in numbers from hundreds to hundreds of thousands. Associated with these highly decorated burials is a faunal assemblage characterized by a low frequency of marine fauna and a high proportion of land mammal, particularly black-tailed deer. These proportions of animals are considered a-typical of Northwest Coast shell midden deposits and may represent specific mortuary or ritual activities associated with honoring the deceased. With an emphasis on deer remains, a zooarchaeological analysis assesses the possible role of animal remains in mortuary activities. In order to establish if the faunal assemblage from DjRw-14 is indeed unique, with its high frequency of deer remains and low numbers of marine fauna, the site assemblage is considered in comparison to other sites in the Gulf of Georgia with similar cultural components. Ethnographic and archaeological evidence of Coast Salish mortuary practices and beliefs are examined to better understand the ritual acts that took place at DjRw-14. The site ceases to be used as a burial ground with the termination of the Charles Culture, but patterns in fauna remain stable, attesting to the persistence of mortuary traditions. The social and political implications of continuing these traditions are considered in terms of creating and maintaining a social memory and an attachment to an ancestral landscape. The results of this study are critical to better understanding foodways and ritual expression in shíshálh funerary practice. The context in which we find animal remains offers the opportunity to explore expressions of mortuary customs and beliefs within the Salish landscape.

The concept of Self-managing schools involving local community members, teachers and parents with the formation of School management Committee is gaining ground in Nepal after the world conference WCEFA held in Jomtien, Thailand in the year 1990. Transferring the management of public schools in the hand of willing community and motivating them to reform education by their own ability are self-managed schools. As the government of Nepal has planned to gradually increase the number of self-managed schools throughout the country, a need was realized to assess the readiness of communities (willingness and ability) to resume the delegated responsibility, which was the main reflection of the research study.
The research on self-managed school reflects the community involvement and participation in school management in the line with SMCs to transform the school as self-managed school. Community willingness and ability were the focal points of this research for assessing the readiness of the community to take the responsibility of school management and transforming them into self-managed school. The theoretical framework that supports the research was based upon the critical perspective of Karl Marx conflict theory in education, McClelland’s need theory of motivation, and Deci and Ryan self determination theory, based on which the reflection of community willingness, and ability in self managing school were discussed.

The qualitative method was used for data collection and the sources of data were both primary and secondary in nature. Semi-structured interview was used as a research tools for primary data collection. The secondary data were collected from research department, Ministry of Education, The World Bank reports and educational web portal. The interviewed respondents were the members of the school management committee, which include parents, teachers, head teachers, chairpersons and local community people of three community managed school of Lalitpur district. Triangulation method and cross verification was used for reliability and validity.
The major findings of this research were that despite the community schools located in the poor geographical location, the SMC have become successful in involving the local people in decision-making process. The willingness of communities was found high in terms of participation and involvement in school management. Involvement of the community in school management resulted in high rates of students’ enrolment, improvement in quality of education and introduction of English subject and English speaking environment in the school premises.
The readiness of community was accentuating for resource generation by utilizing unutilized natural resources, for instance, water and forestry. Apart from being isolated from the perspective of financial capabilities, the local communities have the potentialities to develop school so that the local community people do not have to seek for the private school for their children education. In addition, the School Management Committees also demonstrated their skills in participating and involving the students in committee meetings aspiring them to bring healthy suggestion. The commitment of the local communities to manage school also have solved the problems of poor maintenances of school buildings and classroom facilities with the ability to maintain relationship with NGOs, INGOs, CBOs and other business

organization to support the school with necessity financial means. In summary, the community of self-managed schools demonstrated both capability and willingness (readiness) for managing schools in a decentralized context.

This research examines the relationship between art and design, and health and wellness, and how effective this marriage is in improving the lives of those who experience it. This topic was chosen due to an observation of the increasing number of instances in which the two realms merge for more effective results. I looked at wellness institutions, wellness campaigns, fine art, and graphic design as examples to look at to extract information. The intention is to gather and generate enough information to include in an educational and experiential project that merges art and design with health and wellnes. Before art could marry wellness, wellness had to emerge half a century ago. “When we become interested in wellness as a condition, we discover that the state of being well is not just a drab, static one”(Halbert Dunn 3). Modern day wellness experts and wellness researchers have expanded Dunn’s model of wellness to eight dimensions. These dimensions are: Mental, Emotional, Spiritual, Environmental, Physical, Social, Occupational and Financial.

This article aims to identify the ethical and accurate research in the significance and the application of Takhrij al-Hadith of the Prophet SAW. It is important to create a predictive model of academic writing involves the sayings of the Prophet SAW that can be used by the intellectuals in Malaysia. This study used a quantitative research design and the type of study is content analysis. The instrument used is the table of Takhrij applications built on the standard Takhrij theories as endorsed by a panel of experts.

Kibbe's purpose is summed up nicely in its title, “from topic to thesis.” That is, what Kibbe hopes to accomplish in the work is to guide the student in crystalizing a chosen topic into an actual working thesis. That the entire work is around 150 pages in half-size proportion makes it a book accessible to the busy student or researcher, able to be read in a few hours.

In this research, I will try to give a simple, more general understanding of how gravity works. To do that, we will go in a journey to see what the old (Newtonian) and the new (Einstein) picture of gravity
is. And to season that, we will finish by introducing quantum Gravity. I will begin by defining the Kepler's laws for planetary motion, which Depending on it Newton created his theory for gravity, and we finish the section by Newtons gravity failure. Then I will start our discussion for Einstein's picture of gravity (general relativity), and cover rather some important topics, such as; Equivalence principle, Space-Time geometry, Einstein Field Equation...Etc., and I will finish the section by Einstein's answer to Newtonian failure. Finally I will give a very simple introduction to Quantum Gravity, and mainly discuss the some of the problems that phases the theory to be perfect.

The premise of this book is simple: if the chapter writers could go back in time and talk with themselves when they began their studies, what advice would they give? Isn’t hindsight a bonus? Each chapter will offer this hindsight. The chapters will not be their personal stories, but useful lessons learned through their experiences. Those lessons will be offered to aspiring and current graduate students to help ensure that their studies are successful. Chapters contain contributions from a range of academics and academic-practitioners, from those getting established in their careers to those that are more novice and emergent. Its contributors include scholars from many universities throughout the United States. Contributors cover essential aspects of graduate study, such as writing and publishing, relationships with supervisors, utilizing rejection and critique, and becoming a researcher. Contributors write of studying for higher degrees and coping with family, illness, disability, and distance. Culture is bridged between Hispanic scholars and their colleagues in mainstream academia, and international students offer advice to those coming to these shores to study. This volume provides indispensable advice that every graduate student could utilize and follows on from the successful publication of Postgraduate Study in Aotearoa New Zealand: Surviving and Succeeding (McMaster & Murphy, 2014). The US edition will be part of an international ‘survive and succeed’ series currently being produced in Australia, the UK and South Africa.

thesis by Ashwin Ravi in 2010 at Anna University
126 pages
analysis includes rotary engines

> Table of Contents
> 1. INTRODUCTION  1
> 2. PURPOSE  4
> 3. LITERATURE REVIEW  5
  » 3.1. Technology Readiness Level  5
  » 3.2. Evaluation of current propulsion technologies  6
      » 3.2.1. 2-Stroke engines  6
      » 3.2.2. 4-Stroke engines  11
      » 3.2.3. Wankel engines  14  (23 in PDF file)
      » 3.2.4. Turbines  19
      » 3.2.5. Electric motors  24
      » 3.2.6. NiMH  27
      » 3.2.7. Lithium Ion / Polymer  28
      » 3.2.8. Lithium Sulfur  29
      » 3.2.9. Hydrogen fuel cells  30
  » 3.3. Near + Long term technologies  30
  » 3.4. Comparison of current propulsion technologies  33
  » 3.5. Summary of adv + dis-adv of propulsion technologies  34
  » 3.6. Future propulsion technologies  39
      » 3.6.1. Nutating engine  39
      » 3.6.2. Six-stroke engine  40
      » 3.6.3. HCCI engine  41
      » 3.6.4. Dual fuel engine  42
      » 3.6.5. Electric diesel hybrid  43
> 4. Dynamometer  46
  » 4.1. Thomas dynamometer  46
  » 4.2. Menon Dynamometer  47
  » 4.3. Korean Aerospace institute dynamometer  48
  » 4.4. Fuel injection system  50
      » 4.4.1.  Types of fuel injection system  51
> 5. Propulsion system survey  54
> 6. Experimental setup  56
  » 6.1. Rationale for dynamometer  56
  » 6.2. Measurements + Instrumentation  58
      » 6.2.1. Torque  58
      » 6.2.2. RPM  58
      » 6.2.3. Flow-meter  59
      » 6.2.4. Thermocouple  61
      » 6.2.5. Propeller  61
      » 6.2.6. Control module  61
  » 6.3. Construction  62
  » 6.4. Dynamometer specification  64
  » 6.5. Operating procedure  64
  » 6.6. Construction of 2-stroke FI system  65
> 7. Uncertainty analysis  69
> 8. Results + Discussions  73
  » 8.1. Engine data  74
      » 8.1.1. BME 150 carburetor results  74
      » 8.1.2. BME 116 carburetor results  78
      » 8.1.3. BME 116 EFI results  82
  » 8.2. Payload vs. Range analysis  85
> 9. Conclusion  88
> 10. Future developments  89
> 11. Appendices  90
  » 1. FL113 flow-meter calibration chart  90
  » 2. Digital flow meter calibration chart  91
  » 3. Propulsion system survey  93  (109 in PDF file)
> 12. References  95

german keywords: Wankelmotor / Kreiskolbenmotor
English Keywords: Wankel Engine / Wankel Rotary Engine / Rotary Piston Engine / Rotary Combustion Engine

Outsourcing is a well debated phenomenon and it seems like many have the opinion if the firms shall be successful, it has to follow the trend of outsourcing. Outsourcing is something most industries practice, and certainly the petroleum industry. Outsourcing as part of a firm’s strategy seems to be highly established in the oil & gas industry. As the oil & gas industry established, it seems the frequency of outsourcing has matured along with it. The study evaluated the experiences that different oil and gas firms have had with outsourcing and also compared it with experiences from other industries. From the findings it is indicated that outsourcing in the oil and gas sector has been on the rise since early 1990’s. It is used as a formidable strategy to exert efficiency in operations and stay ahead of competition. The report concluded by asserting the importance of outsourcing as a prelude to higher performing enterprises in this sector. It recommends that the practice should be done within the acceptable frameworks such as allowing competitive bidding, outsourcing from credible providers, auditing the business processes, and benchmarking with other firms in the industry and beyond.

El estilo APA es un conjunto de estándares creados por la Asociación Americana de Psicología, con el fin de unificar la presentación de textos académicos y de investigación a nivel internacional. Es utilizado por muchas personas en todo el mundo especialmente en la psicología y ciencias de la salud y otras disciplinas para la presentación de textos académicos y de investigación. Uno de los aspectos más importantes de utilizar las Normas APA, es el respeto por los derechos de autor con el fin de evitar el plagio, homogeneizar forma de citar y de referenciar autores que alimentan las obras, organizar los textos de acuerdo a patrones de estilo definidos y transmitir las ideas en forma clara y precisa (American Psychological Association, 2019).
The APA style is a set of standards created by the American Psychological Association, in order to unify the presentation of academic and research texts at an international level. It is used by many people around the world especially in psychology and health sciences and other disciplines for the presentation of academic and research texts. One of the most important aspects of using the APA Norms is respect for copyright in order to avoid plagiarism, homogenize the way of citing and referencing authors who feed the works, organize the texts according to style patterns defined and convey ideas clearly and precisely (American Psychological Association, 2019).

Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é repensar da natureza do erro junto a professores do Ensino Fundamental, anos finais, no processo de ensino e aprendizagem em Geografia, tendo como aporte a Teoria da Atividade de Leontiev, em uma formação docente. A pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, partiu da investigação sobre a natureza do erro de duas professoras de Geografia, sujeitos da pesquisa, atuantes nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, em uma escola pública no município de Sertanópolis, norte do Paraná. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados empíricos utilizados foram a Observação Periférica, a Entrevista e o Grupo de Discussão, os quais mediaram o relacionamento entre a pesquisadora e os sujeitos pesquisados, permitindo que ambos repensassem o conceito de erro na Geografia Escolar. A função principal do Grupo de Discussão foi proporcionar momentos de formação pedagógica e geográfica na perspectiva Histórico-Cultural, mobilizando professores(as) e alunos(as) em sala de aula para entrarem em Atividade. A formação docente privilegiou não apenas pensar a respeito dos conceitos geográficos, mas também à prática pedagógica em sala de aula, com adaptação em estudos de Moura (2004, 2010, 2013, 2017). Para a análise, ateve-se na forma como organizavam antes do Grupo de Discussão o ensino e a aprendizagem em Geografia, destacando para essa análise três elementos: o sentido pessoal atribuído aos erros, a organização da aula (as ações) e o porquê de ensinar o conteúdo (a necessidade). Os resultados evidenciaram a relevância da sintonia entre a atividade de ensino e da aprendizagem na mobilização dos elementos da Teoria da Atividade, possibilitando encaminhamentos para a compreensão conceitual pedagógica e geográfica docente e consequentemente para seus discentes. Conclui-se que esta pesquisa contribuiu para desvelar o conhecimento conceitual geográfico, contextualizando as relações entre o lugar e o global, tendo como premissa a proposição de uma Geografia mais viva e atuante na sociedade.

Abstract: The objective of this research is to rethink the nature of the error with elementary school teachers, final years, in the process of teaching and learning in Geography, having as contribution the Theory of Activity of Leontiev, in a teacher education.The qualitative research methodology started investigating the nature of the error of two Geography teachers, research subjects, working in the final years of a public elementary school, in Sertanópolis, Paraná. The empirical data collection instruments were Peripheral Observation, Interview and Discussion Group, which mediated the relationship between researcher and researched subjects, allowing both sides to think over the Geography's educational error. The main function of the Discussion Group was to provide a pedagogical and geographical training in the Historical-Cultural perspective mobilizing teachers and students to come into Activity in the classroom. Teacher?s education focused not only on thinking about geographic concepts, but also on pedagogic practice in the classroom, with adaptation in Moura's (2004, 2010, 2013, 2017) studies. For the analysis, it was adhered to the organization of teaching and learning Geography before the Discussion Group, emphasising three elements in this investigation: the personal meaning attributed to errors, the organization of the class (the actions), why teaching the content (the need). The results evidenced the relevance of the communion between teaching and learning activity to mobilize the Activity Theory elements, enabling referrals to the pedagogic and geographic conceptual understanding of teachers and consequently to their students. It is concluded that this research contributes to unveil the geographic conceptual knowledge contextualizing the relations between the local and the global, having as premise the proposition of a vital and activity Geography in society.

La psiquiatra Alice Flaherty, asegura que aunque el problema del bloqueo escritural puede tener incontables causas, las personas que lo padecen comparten dos cosas: (1) no logran escribir a pesar de ser intelectualmente capaces, y (2) sufren al no poder hacerlo.
Columna Publica o Perece. CULCYT. Año 13, Núm. 59. 2016.

‘A Beginner’s Guide…’ is a step-by-step guide for students new to research. It covers every stage in turn, starting with learning from other research, choosing a topic, designing research questions, writing a literature review, deciding on methodology, designing research instruments, and consideration of validity and reliability; then moving to carrying out the investigation, analyzing quantitative and qualitative data and finally writing up the project. The ethical issues of doing education research are examined throughout.

Included are case studies to illustrate common problems and solutions; 14 ‘Project Sheets’ (available on this Academia page) which allow students to build up their work in stages and prepare draft text for their final written project; also key points, activities, recommended further reading and a glossary of research terms.

The book is written for undergraduate students doing education courses and Masters-level students new to research. It is relevant to students of all phases of education: early years, primary, secondary and further education, and to a range of international settings.

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