- I am a senior researcher in economics at INRAE (French Institute for Research in Agriculture, Food and the Environmen... moreI am a senior researcher in economics at INRAE (French Institute for Research in Agriculture, Food and the Environment), and its deputy scientific director "Environment" since 2021. An environmental and agricultural economist, my research topics include the analysis of environmental impacts from agriculture, environmental policy evaluation, management of natural resources (water) and food security at household level. I have co-ordinated and contributed to several scientific expertises on water and the environment for ministries and international institutions (World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, Economic Research Forum). I am currently the co-editor (for economics, with Romain Melot for sociology) of the Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies (RAFE, Springer Nature). I was affiliated with Toulouse School of Economics until 2021, and I am now senior member of the Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory (GAEL) in Grenoble (Alps, France).edit
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L’agriculture est un terrain fertile pour explorer les différentes facettes juridiques des paiements pour services environnementaux (PSE) dans la mesure où cet outil a reçu un écho important dans ce secteur et ce, à plusieurs échelles... more
L’agriculture est un terrain fertile pour explorer les différentes facettes juridiques des paiements pour services environnementaux (PSE) dans la mesure où cet outil a reçu un écho important dans ce secteur et ce, à plusieurs échelles d’action. Présenté sous un même vocable, il peut renvoyer à différentes formes d’expressions juridiques en raison de la diversité des acteurs impliqués et de la pluralité des services environnementaux concernés. Cet ouvrage bénéficie des analyses croisées de spécialistes de l’économie, de l’écologie, du droit de l’environnement, du droit de la PAC, du droit des marchés publics, du droit des contrats, du droit rural, du droit de la propriété, de l’anthropologie du droit, mais également des analyses de droit comparé
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Abstract Soil organic carbon stocks have been declining for more than a century, mostly in the tropics. Maintaining soil organic matter is critical to tackling climate change and controlling soil health. One way to address this problem is... more
Abstract Soil organic carbon stocks have been declining for more than a century, mostly in the tropics. Maintaining soil organic matter is critical to tackling climate change and controlling soil health. One way to address this problem is to encourage farmers to improve soil carbon on their farms. We provide an ex-ante assessment of the cost-effectiveness of innovative Agri-Environmental Measures (AEM) that subsidize the use of compost. To do so, we ran a choice experiment in Guadeloupe, in the northeastern Caribbean, where there is an urgent need to preserve soil organic matter levels. The 305 farmers who participated were asked to choose one of several AEM that offer financial support in exchange for using compost in their farming activities, as well as free technical assistance, a collective financial bonus, and the possibility of combining chemical fertilisers with composts. We found that offering free technical assistance increases the participation rate by 30 percentage points and offering a collective bonus increases it by 14 percentage points. In contrast, including a requirement on the reduction of chemical fertilization would decrease the probability of participation by only two percentage points. We then estimated the amount of carbon that would be sequestered in the soil using compost as prescribed under each of the AEM proposed. We found that the most effective AEM would sequester up to 25,000 teqCO2 per year at the territory level and that the most cost-effective scheme would reach this target at a cost of about 500 euros per teqCO2. Finally, we find that the so-called 4 per 1000 target could be reached through AEM under a variety of scenarios.
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In this article, we provide an ex-ante assessment of the cost-effectiveness of a series of innovative Agri-EnvironmentalMeasures (AEM) that subsidize the use of compost. To do so, we ran a choice experiment in the western islands of... more
In this article, we provide an ex-ante assessment of the cost-effectiveness of a series of innovative Agri-EnvironmentalMeasures (AEM) that subsidize the use of compost. To do so, we ran a choice experiment in the western islands of French Polynesia where the soil organic carbon content is extremely low. The 305 farmers who participated were asked to choose one of several AEM that offer financial support in exchange for using compost in their farming activities, aswell as free technical assistance, a collective financial bonus, and the possibility of combining chemical fertilizers with composts. We found that offering free technical assistance increases the participation rate by 30 percentage points and offering a collective bonus increases it by 14 percentage points. In contrast, including a requirement on the reduction of chemical fertilization would decrease the probability of participation by only two percentage points. We then estimated the amount of carbon that would be seques...
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National audienc
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L’agriculture est un terrain fertile pour explorer les différentes facettes juridiques des paiements pour services environnementaux (PSE) dans la mesure où cet outil a reçu un écho important dans ce secteur et ce, à plusieurs échelles... more
L’agriculture est un terrain fertile pour explorer les différentes facettes juridiques des paiements pour services environnementaux (PSE) dans la mesure où cet outil a reçu un écho important dans ce secteur et ce, à plusieurs échelles d’action. Présenté sous un même vocable, il peut renvoyer à différentes formes d’expressions juridiques en raison de la diversité des acteurs impliqués et de la pluralité des services environnementaux concernés. Cet ouvrage bénéficie des analyses croisées de spécialistes de l’économie, de l’écologie, du droit de l’environnement, du droit de la PAC, du droit des marchés publics, du droit des contrats, du droit rural, du droit de la propriété, de l’anthropologie du droit, mais également des analyses de droit comparé
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International audienceL’agroécologie a été choisie par l’Inra comme l’un des chantiers de prospective interdisciplinaire destiné à identifier les fronts de recherche en réponse à de grands défis sociétaux. Quatre-vingt chercheurs ont... more
International audienceL’agroécologie a été choisie par l’Inra comme l’un des chantiers de prospective interdisciplinaire destiné à identifier les fronts de recherche en réponse à de grands défis sociétaux. Quatre-vingt chercheurs ont dressé un bilan, et proposé des pistes de recherche pour l’agroécologie, et cet ouvrage en synthétise les principales conclusions. L’agroécologie, en tant que discipline scientifique, remettant l’écologie au centre de la conception des systèmes agricoles, est maintenant bien présente. Diversifier le vivant dans des agroécosystèmes est une visée à large spectre, pour les rendre plus robustes, plus résilients. Les recherches en génétique et en écologie du paysage sont mobilisées pour que l’agroécologie utilise des leviers de la parcelle au paysage. La modélisation des systèmes agroécologiques se développe pour mieux comprendre les interactions biotiques et abiotiques multiples, les prédire, et commencer à piloter certains systèmes. La diversification du v...
Métaprogramme EcoServ : proposition de cahier des charge
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Les réformes successives de la politique agricole commune (PAC) depuis les années 1990 ont progressivement introduit les questions environnementales dans ses objectifs. Cependant, la PAC reste une politique sectorielle d'adaptation de... more
Les réformes successives de la politique agricole commune (PAC) depuis les années 1990 ont progressivement introduit les questions environnementales dans ses objectifs. Cependant, la PAC reste une politique sectorielle d'adaptation de l'outil de production et de soutien au revenu agricole. Les mesures agri-environnementales (MAE) de la PAC constituent l'instrument le plus ciblé sur les contributions de l'agriculture à l'environnement, mais elles sont dotées d'un budget relativement modeste, sont basées sur l'adoption volontaire (avec un faible taux constaté) et leur durée limitée rend difficile des changements structurels significatifs. La conditionnalité des aides au respect de règles sanitaires et environnementales est un dispositif peu efficace par construction car les paiements ne sont pas proportionnels aux services environnementaux rendus. Si l'essentiel du soutien au revenu agricole est financé par le budget européen, le soutien aux biens publi...
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Research Interests: Economics, Mechanism Design, Applied Economics, Risk sharing, Production economics, and 13 moreMoral Hazard, Risk Aversion, Nonpoint Source Pollution, Crop Production, Nitrogen, Asymmetric Information, Pollution, HAZARD, Nitrogen Leaching, Decision Models, Hidden Information, Nutrient Pollution, and Optimal Solution
We propose an estimation procedure dealing with multivariate selection and dynamics in land choice and unobserved heterogeneity in structural and crop selection equations. The method is applied to a multi-output profit function with... more
We propose an estimation procedure dealing with multivariate selection and dynamics in land choice and unobserved heterogeneity in structural and crop selection equations. The method is applied to a multi-output profit function with multiple corner solutions and farm-level panel data. Estimation results reveal that the single selection rule associated with the Tobit procedure is rejected in favor of our multivariate selection treatment. Inconsistent estimates are expected with the Tobit procedure, or if farmer fixed effects are omitted, which can have important consequences for policy recommendations, as illustrated in an evaluation of nitrogen runoff elasticities with respect to economic variables. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.
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Dans un peu plus de la moitie des communes francaises, la gestion de l'eau est deleguee a des entreprises privees. L'argument principal en faveur de ce choix - et contre la gestion en regie publique - est la recherche d'une... more
Dans un peu plus de la moitie des communes francaises, la gestion de l'eau est deleguee a des entreprises privees. L'argument principal en faveur de ce choix - et contre la gestion en regie publique - est la recherche d'une plus grande efficacite technique et economique, notamment grâce a la mutualisation des activites de recherche et developpement, ainsi que des achats de matieres premieres ou des equipements au sein des groupes auxquels les delegataires appartiennent. Les auteurs analysent l'incidence de ce choix sur le niveau des prix des services d'eau potable en France. Leurs resultats revelent un ecart positif entre la delegation et la regie, qui s'explique notamment par les conditions d'exploitation des services. En effet, les communes ont tendance a choisir la gestion privee si elles font face a des conditions d'exploitation plus difficiles.
Research Interests: Humanities, Art, Political Science, France, Europe, and 7 moreDrinking Water, Choice, Prix, Eau Potable, Prices, économétrie, and Choix
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This article considers an agricultural production model of sequential nitrogen application under risk. Because of random shocks between subsequent production stages, optimal fertilization decisions depend on the magnitude of... more
This article considers an agricultural production model of sequential nitrogen application under risk. Because of random shocks between subsequent production stages, optimal fertilization decisions depend on the magnitude of farmers' risk aversion (risk premium), and the possibility for farmers to process information (value of information). We propose a joint estimation procedure of technology and risk aversion parameters, using a structural, simulation-based econometric procedure. Parameter estimates allow to compute both the value of information and the risk premium, which account for about 30% of fertilizer cost for Midwest corn producers. Copyright 2000, Oxford University Press.
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This paper considers an agricultural production model of sequential nitrogen application under risk. Because of random shocks between successive production stages, optimal fertilization decisions depend on the magnitude of farmers'... more
This paper considers an agricultural production model of sequential nitrogen application under risk. Because of random shocks between successive production stages, optimal fertilization decisions depend on the magnitude of farmers' risk aversion (risk premium), and the possibility for farmers to process information (value of information). We propose a joint estimation procedure of technology and risk aversion parameters, using a structural, simulation-based econometric technique. Parameter estimates for the representative farmer's utility function allow to compute both the value of information and the risk premium for farmers. Those account together for about 30 percent of fertilizer cost for Midwest corn producers.
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The purpose of this article is to measure the effects of delegating French water utilities to the private sector, on residential water price. We apply a treatment effects approach to a sample of 3.782 French local communities. Our results... more
The purpose of this article is to measure the effects of delegating French water utilities to the private sector, on residential water price. We apply a treatment effects approach to a sample of 3.782 French local communities. Our results show that a significant share of the price difference between private operators and public operators (0.33 euros per cubic meter on average) can be explained by the operating conditions faced by the private operators. The latter, on average, have to cope with more difficult operating conditions than public operators.
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We investigate the choice of water service delegation by French communities and its implications on residential water demand estimation. We show that some unobservable and observable characteristics of French communities determine both... more
We investigate the choice of water service delegation by French communities and its implications on residential water demand estimation. We show that some unobservable and observable characteristics of French communities determine both the choice to delegate and water levels consumed. Thus, choice of delegation and water demand must be jointly estimated. We use specific panel data methods that lead to consistent estimates on a panel of French local communities in the Gironde area.Classification JEL: C23, D12, Q25, L95