WO2020080136A1 - 積層体 - Google Patents
積層体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020080136A1 WO2020080136A1 PCT/JP2019/039274 JP2019039274W WO2020080136A1 WO 2020080136 A1 WO2020080136 A1 WO 2020080136A1 JP 2019039274 W JP2019039274 W JP 2019039274W WO 2020080136 A1 WO2020080136 A1 WO 2020080136A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- silicon
- less
- laminate
- elements
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/046—Forming abrasion-resistant coatings; Forming surface-hardening coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/024—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. to promote adhesion of the coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/28—Vacuum evaporation by wave energy or particle radiation
- C23C14/30—Vacuum evaporation by wave energy or particle radiation by electron bombardment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/56—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks
- C23C14/562—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks for coating elongated substrates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminate used as a packaging material for foods and pharmaceuticals that require high gas barrier properties, and as a material for electronic components such as solar cells, electronic papers, and organic electroluminescence (EL) displays.
- a laminate used as a packaging material for foods and pharmaceuticals that require high gas barrier properties, and as a material for electronic components such as solar cells, electronic papers, and organic electroluminescence (EL) displays.
- EL organic electroluminescence
- PVD Physical vapor deposition
- CVD method chemical vapor deposition method
- a vapor deposition method requires blocking of various gases such as water vapor and oxygen. It is used as a packaging material for foods and pharmaceuticals, and as an electronic device member such as electronic paper and solar cells. In these members, the water vapor permeability is 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 g / m 2 ⁇ 24 hr ⁇ atm. The following high gas barrier properties are required.
- a gas barrier film in which an organic layer and an inorganic layer are alternately laminated to prevent generation of defects due to a hole-filling effect, and ZnO and SiO 2 are mainly used.
- a gas barrier film having a simple film structure has been proposed in which a complex oxide film such as ZnO—SiO 2 system is formed on a film substrate by sputtering using a target as a component (Patent Document 2). .
- the present invention intends to provide a laminate having a high gas barrier property with a low cost and a simple structure.
- the present invention adopts the following means in order to solve such a problem. That is,
- An A layer is provided on at least one side of the base material, and the A layer is at least two elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table, and A laminate that contains oxygen and has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 5.0 nm or less calculated by an atomic force microscope (AFM) on the surface of the A layer.
- AFM atomic force microscope
- At least one side of the base material has an A layer, and the A layer has at least two elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table, and And a layered body containing oxygen and having an average lifetime of 0.935 ns or less as measured by a positron beam method.
- a laminate having a high gas barrier property against water vapor can be provided at low cost.
- At least one side of the base material has an A layer, and the A layer contains at least two elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table and oxygen.
- a laminate which includes and has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 5.0 nm or less calculated by an atomic force microscope (hereinafter, AFM) on the surface of the A layer.
- At least one side of the base material has an A layer, and the A layer contains at least two elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table and oxygen.
- the laminate of the present invention 1 has an A layer on at least one side of a base material, and the A layer is at least 2 selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table. It is a layered product containing a seed element and oxygen and having an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 5.0 nm or less calculated by an atomic force microscope (AFM) on the surface of the A layer. Further, the laminate of the present invention 2 has an A layer on at least one side of the base material, and the A layer is at least selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table.
- the A layer is a laminated body containing two kinds of elements and oxygen and having an average lifetime of 0.935 ns or less measured by a positron beam method.
- Elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table contained in the layer A include magnesium, calcium, strontium, scandium, titanium, zirconium, tantalum, zinc, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon, germanium, Examples include tin.
- the combination of at least two elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table is not limited, but from the viewpoint of gas barrier properties, formation of an amorphous film, and the like.
- the at least two elements are magnesium and silicon, zinc and silicon, tin and zinc, calcium and silicon, zirconium and silicon, aluminum and silicon.
- At least two elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table are a combination of magnesium and silicon, or zinc and More preferably, it is a combination of silicon.
- the form of at least two elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table contained in the layer A includes oxides, nitrides, oxynitrides, and carbides. However, it is not particularly limited, but it is preferably present in the form of an oxide, a nitride, or an oxynitride from the viewpoint of gas barrier properties, optical characteristics, and the like. From the viewpoint of forming an amorphous film and gas barrier properties, it is more preferable that the compound is contained as at least one compound selected from the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, oxynitrides and carbides.
- the layer A of the laminate of the present invention contains at least two elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table, and oxygen, other inorganic compounds May be included.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra calculated by AFM on the surface of the layer A of the layered product of the present invention 1 is 5.0 nm or less.
- Ra is more than 5.0 nm, the A layer is not dense, and the gas barrier property may not be exhibited.
- Ra is preferably 3.0 nm or less, more preferably 2.0 nm or less.
- the lower limit of Ra is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 nm or more. If Ra is less than 0.1 nm, the adhesion may deteriorate.
- the analysis range of AFM when calculating the arithmetic mean roughness Ra is 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
- Ra is 5.0 nm or less on a substrate.
- a complex oxide film having a suitable composition ratio By forming the composite oxide film as the A layer, it is possible to form a smoother film than in the case where the single metal oxide film is formed as the A layer.
- the layer A of the laminate of the present invention 2 is measured by a positron beam method (a positron annihilation lifetime measurement method for thin films) (see “Science of Positron Measurement” (Japan Isotope Association), Chapter I, Section V, Section V).
- the average life is 0.935 ns or less.
- the positron beam method is one of the positron annihilation lifetime measurement methods, and measures the time (from several hundreds ps to several tens of ns) from when a positron is incident on a sample until it disappears. This is a non-destructive method for nondestructively evaluating information on the size, number concentration, and size distribution of pores of 1 to 10 nm.
- positron beam is used instead of a radioactive isotope ( 22 Na) as a positron beam source, which is different from the ordinary positron annihilation method, and it is possible to measure a thin film of about several hundred nm thickness formed on a silicon or quartz substrate This is a possible method.
- the average pore radius and the number concentration of pores can be determined from the obtained measured values by the non-linear least squares program POSITRONFIT. Those corresponding to sub-nm order pores and basic skeletons can be obtained by analyzing the average life of the third component and the fourth component.
- the third component means the average life obtained by selecting the analysis for the three components as the measurement condition of the average life by the positron beam method
- the fourth component means the measurement of the average life by the positron beam method. It means the average life obtained by selecting the analysis for four components as the condition.
- the number of POSITRONFIT components is determined from the number of peaks obtained from the pore radius distribution curve calculated using the distribution analysis program CONTIN based on the inverse Laplace transform method. It is judged that the analysis is appropriate when the average pore radius calculated from POSITRONFIT and the peak position of the CONTIN pore radius distribution curve match.
- the average life referred to in the present invention 2 refers to the average life of the third component.
- the average life measured by the positron beam method is preferably 0.912 ns or less, and more preferably 0.863 ns or less.
- the lower limit of the average life is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.542 ns or more. If the average life is less than 0.542 ns, the flexibility may decrease.
- a composite oxide film is suitable on a substrate having Ra of 3.0 nm or less. It is achieved by forming the composition densely.
- the term “densely formed” as used herein means a state in which the respective oxides are mixed at the atomic level to form a dense network.
- the layer A of the laminate of the present invention is preferably an amorphous film.
- Amorphous means that atoms and molecules do not have a regular ordered structure over a long distance like crystals, but have an irregular structure.
- a crystalline structure is preferable because it forms a grain boundary and serves as a water vapor permeation path, resulting in poor gas barrier properties and easy cracking. Whether it is amorphous or not can be confirmed by an analysis method such as cross-sectional TEM or X-ray diffraction (XRD). In the case of the cross-sectional TEM, the amorphous film has uniform contrast and no crystal grain boundaries are observed, while crystal grain boundaries corresponding to a crystal structure such as a microcrystalline state or a columnar structure are observed in the crystal film.
- the half-width of the oxygen atom (O1s) peak measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the layer A of the present invention is preferably 3.25 eV or less.
- FWHM if the maximum value of the peak was F max, the intensity of the peak refers to the peak width when the F max / 2.
- the half width of the peak of O1s is narrow, a uniform bond network structure is formed, so that a dense film is likely to be formed. From the viewpoints of uniformity of bonding and barrier properties, 3.00 eV or less is more preferable, and 2.75 eV or less is further preferable.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 1.65 eV or more.
- the laminate of the present invention preferably has a water vapor permeability of less than 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 g / m 2 / day.
- the water vapor permeability of the laminate of the present invention is less than 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 g / m 2 / day from the viewpoint of use in high-grade packaging materials and electronic device applications that require relatively high gas barrier properties. Is more preferable.
- the lower limit of the water vapor permeability is not particularly limited, but if the film becomes more dense than necessary, cracks are likely to occur. Therefore, the water vapor permeability of the laminate of the present invention is 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 g / m 2 / It is preferably not less than day.
- the layer A preferably has a silicate bond.
- the silicate bond is a bond between silicon (Si) and metal (M) via oxygen (O), and can be described as Si—OM.
- Si—OM silicon
- Zn zinc silicate bond
- Si—O—Mg magnesium silicate bond
- Al aluminum silicate bond
- si—O—Al aluminum silicate bond
- the analysis method (confirmation method) for the presence or absence of a silicate bond include methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS).
- the A layer In order for the A layer to have a silicate bond, as described above, the A layer must contain at least two elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table, and the layer A must contain magnesium and silicon. Or a combination of zinc and silicon, and further preferably contains oxygen.
- the presence or absence of the silicate bond can be confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the detailed method will be described in the section of Examples.
- the film density of the A layer is preferably 2.0 to 7.0 g / cm 3 from the viewpoint of gas barrier properties and denseness. If it is less than 2.0 g / cm 3 , the obtained A layer is not dense and sufficient gas barrier properties may not be obtained. On the other hand, when the film density of the A layer is larger than 7.0 g / cm 3 , the A layer is apt to be hard and may be easily cracked or cracked. From the viewpoint of gas barrier properties and fragility, the film density of the layer A is more preferably 2.5 to 6.0 g / cm 3 .
- the film density of the layer A is a value measured by the X-ray reflectance method (XRR method) ("Introduction to X-ray reflectance" (edited by Kenji Sakurai), p.51-78).
- XRR method X-ray reflectance method
- XRR method Introduction to X-ray reflectance
- the incident angle of X-rays on the sample is measured at a shallow angle almost parallel to the sample surface, a reflected beam of X-rays reflected and interfered with each layer of the sample and the substrate interface is generated.
- the generated reflected beam is passed through a light-receiving slit to be limited to a required X-ray angle, and then incident on a detector to measure the X-ray intensity.
- the measured data of the total reflection X-ray intensity profile with respect to the incident angle of the obtained X-ray is obtained by fitting the theoretical data of Parratt by the nonlinear least squares method (“X-ray reflection”). ”Introduction” (edited by Kenji Sakurai), p.81-141).
- the method of forming the A layer is not particularly limited, and a forming method such as a sputtering method, a vacuum vapor deposition method, an ion plating method, a CVD method, or an atomic layer deposition (ALD) is used.
- the vacuum vapor deposition method is preferable as a method that is inexpensive, convenient, and capable of obtaining desired properties. That is, the layer A is preferably a layer formed by a vacuum vapor deposition method.
- the electron beam (EB) vapor deposition method is more preferable from the viewpoint of vapor depositing a compound and controlling the film composition.
- the vacuum vapor deposition method may be a film formation method such as a single wafer method or a winding method.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the winding type device.
- FIG. 3 An example of a method for forming the layer A according to FIG. 3 is shown.
- a compound thin film of materials B and C is provided as an A layer on the surface of the substrate 1 by the electron beam evaporation method.
- granular material B and material C having a size of about 2 to 5 mm are alternately arranged as shown in FIGS.
- the area ratio at the time of alternately arranging is determined according to the target film composition of the A layer, the EB irradiation method, and the like.
- the width of each material to be arranged at that time is preferably 10 to 100 mm.
- the composition ratio of the materials B and C in the width direction and the variation in the film quality are likely to be large. If it is less than 10 mm, workability in disposing the material may be reduced.
- the thickness is more preferably 10 to 80 mm from the viewpoints of composition ratio in the width direction, variation in film quality, workability, and the like.
- the vapor deposition material is not limited to granules, and may have a shape such as a rectangular or tablet shape. Further, if the vapor deposition material absorbs moisture, the moisture in the material may be taken into the A layer and the desired film composition and physical properties may not be obtained. Therefore, the material is dehydrated by heating before use. It is preferable.
- the unwinding roll 6 is set so that the surface of the base material 1 on which the layer A is provided faces the hearth liner 11, and the unwinding and guiding rolls 7, 8 and 9 are used. , Pass through the main drum 10.
- the pressure inside the vapor deposition device 4 is reduced by a vacuum pump to obtain 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less.
- the ultimate vacuum is preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less. If the ultimate vacuum is higher than 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa, residual gas may be taken into the A layer, and desired film composition and physical properties may not be obtained.
- the temperature of the main drum 10 is set to ⁇ 15 ° C. as an example.
- the temperature is preferably 20 ° C or lower, more preferably 0 ° C or lower.
- EB gun 13 one electron gun 13 as a heating source, the surfaces of the materials B and C were uniformly heated.
- the EB gun has an accelerating voltage of 6 kV, an applied current of 50 to 200 mA, and a vapor deposition rate of 1 nm / sec, and an A layer is formed on the surface of the base material 1 by EB vapor deposition.
- the thickness of the layer A to be formed was adjusted by the film transport speed. After that, it is wound around the winding roll 18 via the guide rolls 15, 16 and 17.
- the composition ratio of the A layer can be measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS method) or fluorescent X-ray (XRF) analysis.
- XPS method X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- XRF fluorescent X-ray
- hydrocarbons and water contained in the air are adsorbed on the outermost surface and do not reflect the correct composition of layer A. Therefore, the layer is removed by argon ion etching from the outermost surface by about 5 nm. And measure the content ratio of each element.
- fluorescent X-ray spectroscopy is used, the content ratio of constituent elements is measured by the fundamental parameter method (FP method).
- the layer A contains magnesium and silicon as at least two kinds of elements selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 2 to 5 and 12 to 14 of the periodic table, and magnesium (Mg measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) )
- Mg measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- the atomic concentration is 5 to 50 atm%
- the silicon (Si) atomic concentration is 2 to 30 atm%
- the oxygen (O) atomic concentration is 45 to 70 atm%.
- the magnesium (Mg) atom concentration is 8 to 35 atm%
- the silicon (Si) atom concentration is 6 to 25 atm%
- the oxygen (O) atom concentration is 50 to 65 atm%.
- the magnesium atom concentration is higher than 50 atm% or the silicon atom concentration is lower than 2 atm%, the ratio of silicon atoms is reduced, so that the layer A is likely to be a crystal layer and may be easily cracked.
- the magnesium atom concentration is less than 5 atm% or the silicon atom concentration is more than 30 atm%, the proportion of silicate bonds in the A layer is small, so that the denseness may be deteriorated and the gas barrier property may not be exhibited.
- the oxygen atom concentration is less than 45 atm%, magnesium and silicon may be insufficiently oxidized and the light transmittance may be lowered. Further, when the oxygen atom concentration is higher than 70 atm%, oxygen is excessively taken in, so that voids and defects are increased and the gas barrier property may be deteriorated.
- the ratio Mg / Si of the atomic concentration (atm%) of magnesium (Mg) atoms and silicon (Si) atoms is preferably 0.30 to 11.00.
- the atomic concentration (atm%) ratio Mg / Si ⁇ 0.30 the ratio of silicate bonds in the A layer is small, so that the denseness may be deteriorated and the gas barrier property may not be exhibited.
- the ratio of atomic concentration (atm%) Mg / Si> 11.00 the A layer is likely to be a crystal layer and cracks are likely to occur.
- the atomic concentration (atm%) ratio Mg / Si is more preferably 0.50 to 4.60, and even more preferably 0.80 to 2.70.
- the thickness of the layer A in the present invention can be obtained by evaluation by a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and an X-ray reflectance method (XRR method).
- the thickness of the A layer is preferably 5 nm or more, more preferably 10 nm or more. If the thickness is less than 5 nm, a region that is not formed as a layer is generated, and sufficient gas barrier properties may not be ensured.
- the thickness of the A layer is preferably 500 nm or less, more preferably 300 nm or less. If the thickness of the A layer is thicker than 500 nm, cracks may easily occur, and bending resistance and stretchability may decrease.
- the base material used in the present invention preferably has a film form from the viewpoint of ensuring flexibility.
- the structure of the film may be a single-layer film or a film having two or more layers, for example, a film formed by a co-extrusion method.
- As the type of film unstretched, uniaxially stretched or biaxially stretched film may be used.
- the material of the base material used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the main component is an organic polymer.
- the organic polymer that can be preferably used in the present invention include, for example, crystalline polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, amorphous cyclic polyolefin having a cyclic structure, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester such as polyethylene naphthalate, polyamide, and polycarbonate.
- examples thereof include polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, saponified products of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, various polymers such as polyacrylonitrile, polyacetal and the like.
- an amorphous cyclic polyolefin or polyethylene terephthalate which is excellent in transparency, versatility and mechanical properties.
- the organic polymer may be either a homopolymer or a copolymer, and only one type of organic polymer may be used, or a plurality of types may be blended and used.
- the surface of the base material on which the A layer is formed is composed of corona treatment, plasma treatment, ultraviolet treatment, ion bombardment treatment, solvent treatment, organic or inorganic substance or a mixture thereof in order to improve adhesion and smoothness.
- a pretreatment such as an anchor coat layer forming treatment may be performed.
- a coating layer of an organic substance, an inorganic substance, or a mixture thereof is laminated for the purpose of improving the slipperiness of the substrate when wound up and the scratch resistance of the substrate. May be.
- the thickness of the base material used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of ensuring flexibility, and is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of ensuring strength against tension and impact. Further, the thickness of the substrate is more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of easy processing and handling of the film.
- the laminate of the present invention preferably has an anchor coat layer, and one surface of the anchor coat layer is in contact with the base material and the other surface is in contact with the layer A. Further, the anchor coat layer more preferably contains a structure obtained by crosslinking a polyurethane compound having an aromatic ring structure. When there are defects such as protrusions and scratches on the base material, pinholes and cracks may be generated in the layer A laminated on the base material starting from the above-mentioned defects to impair the gas barrier property and bending resistance. Therefore, it is preferable to provide the anchor coat layer.
- the anchor coat layer used in the present invention preferably contains a structure obtained by crosslinking a polyurethane compound having an aromatic ring structure from the viewpoint of thermal dimensional stability and flex resistance, and further, it has an ethylenic structure. It is more preferable to contain a saturated compound, a photopolymerization initiator, an organic silicon compound and / or an inorganic silicon compound.
- the polyurethane compound having an aromatic ring structure used in the layer A of the laminate of the present invention has an aromatic ring and a urethane bond in the main chain or side chains, and for example, has a hydroxyl group and an aromatic ring in the molecule. It can be obtained by polymerizing an epoxy (meth) acrylate having, a diol compound, and a diisocyanate compound.
- Examples of epoxy (meth) acrylates having a hydroxyl group and an aromatic ring in the molecule include diepoxy compounds of aromatic glycols such as bisphenol A type, hydrogenated bisphenol A type, bisphenol F type, hydrogenated bisphenol F type, resorcin, and hydroquinone. It can be obtained by reacting with a (meth) acrylic acid derivative.
- diol compound examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6- Hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 2,4-dimethyl-2-ethylhexane-1,3-diol, neopentyl Glycol, 2-ethyl-2-butyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,2-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 2,2,4 4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, 4,4
- diisocyanate compound examples include 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- Aliphatic diisocyanate compounds such as aromatic diisocyanates such as ethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate and lysine triisocyanate, Fats such as isophorone diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4-diisocyanate, and methylcyclohexylene diisocyanate
- Fats such as isophorone diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4-diisocyanate, and methylcyclohexylene diisocyanate
- the component ratio of the epoxy (meth) acrylate having a hydroxyl group and an aromatic ring in the molecule, the diol compound, and the diisocyanate compound is not particularly limited as long as it is within a desired weight average molecular weight.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polyurethane compound having an aromatic ring structure in the present invention is preferably 5,000 to 100,000.
- a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 5,000 to 100,000 is preferable because the cured film obtained has excellent thermal dimensional stability and flex resistance.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the present invention is a value measured by gel permeation chromatography and converted to standard polystyrene.
- Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated compound include di (meth) acrylates such as 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate and 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, penta Polyfunctional (meth) acrylates such as erythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A type epoxy di (meth) acrylate And epoxy acrylates such as bisphenol F-type epoxy di (meth) acrylate and bisphenol S-type epoxy di (meth) acrylate.
- polyfunctional (meth) acrylates having excellent thermal dimensional stability and surface protection performance are preferable.
- the content of the ethylenically unsaturated compound is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of thermal dimensional stability and surface protection performance, it is in the range of 5 to 90 mass% in the total amount of 100 mass% with the polyurethane compound having an aromatic ring structure. Is preferable, and more preferably in the range of 10 to 80 mass%.
- the material for the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it can maintain the gas barrier properties and flex resistance of the laminate of the present invention.
- Examples of the photopolymerization initiator that can be preferably used in the present invention include 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one, 1-hydroxy-cyclohexylphenyl ketone, and 2-hydroxy-2-.
- a photopolymerization initiator selected from -trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide and bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide is preferable.
- these may be used in a single composition, or may be used as a mixture of two or more components.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of curability and surface protection performance, it is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10% by mass, and 0.1 to 10% by mass in the total amount of the polymerizable components. It is more preferably in the range of 5% by mass.
- organic silicon compound examples include vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- the viewpoint of curability and polymerization activity by irradiation with active energy rays selected from the group consisting of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane and vinyltriethoxysilane.
- Preferred is at least one organosilicon compound.
- these may be used in a single composition, or may be used as a mixture of two or more components.
- the content of the organosilicon compound is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of curability and surface protection performance, it is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10 mass% in the total amount of the polymerizable components, and 0.1 to 5 It is more preferably in the range of mass%.
- silica particles are preferable from the viewpoints of surface protection performance and transparency, and the primary particle diameter of the silica particles is preferably in the range of 1 to 300 nm, more preferably in the range of 5 to 80 nm.
- the thickness of the anchor coat layer is preferably 200 nm or more and 4,000 nm or less, more preferably 300 nm or more and 2,000 nm or less, and further preferably 500 nm or more and 1,000 nm or less. If the thickness of the anchor coat layer is less than 200 nm, the adverse effects of defects such as protrusions and scratches existing on the base material may not be suppressed. When the thickness of the anchor coat layer is more than 4,000 nm, the smoothness of the anchor coat layer deteriorates and the uneven shape of the surface of the layer A laminated on the anchor coat layer becomes large, and the deposited vapor deposition film becomes dense. It may be difficult to obtain the effect of improving the gas barrier property.
- the thickness of the anchor coat layer can be measured from a cross-sectional observation image by a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the anchor coat layer is preferably 10 nm or less.
- Ra is 10 nm or less, it is easy to form a uniform layer A on the anchor coat layer and the reproducibility of gas barrier property is improved, which is preferable.
- the Ra of the surface of the anchor coat layer is larger than 10 nm, the uneven shape of the surface of the A layer on the anchor coat layer also becomes large, and the vapor deposition film may be difficult to be dense, and it may be difficult to obtain the effect of improving the gas barrier property. Further, cracks are likely to occur due to stress concentration in a portion having many irregularities, which may cause deterioration in repeatability of gas barrier properties. Therefore, in the present invention, Ra of the anchor coat layer is preferably 10 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or less. Ra of the anchor coat layer in the present invention can be measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM) or the like.
- AFM atomic force microscope
- a coating material containing a polyurethane compound having an aromatic ring structure is dried on a substrate. It is preferable that the solid content concentration is adjusted so that the desired thickness is obtained, and that the coating is applied by, for example, a reverse coating method, a gravure coating method, a rod coating method, a bar coating method, a die coating method, a spray coating method, a spin coating method, or the like. . Further, in the present invention, it is preferable to dilute the coating material containing the polyurethane compound having an aromatic ring structure with an organic solvent from the viewpoint of coating suitability.
- the solid concentration is diluted to 10% by mass or less. It is preferable to use. You may use these solvent individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- various additives can be added to the coating material forming the anchor coat layer, if necessary. For example, a catalyst, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a stabilizer such as an ultraviolet absorber, a surfactant, a leveling agent, an antistatic agent and the like can be used.
- the heat source used for drying is not particularly limited, and any heat source such as a steam heater, an electric heater, or an infrared heater can be used.
- the heating temperature is preferably 50 to 150 ° C. in order to improve the gas barrier property.
- the heat treatment time is preferably several seconds to 1 hour. Further, the temperature may be constant during the heat treatment, or the temperature may be gradually changed. Further, during the drying treatment, the heat treatment may be carried out while adjusting the relative humidity in the range of 20 to 90% RH. The heat treatment may be performed in the air or while enclosing an inert gas.
- an anchor coat layer by subjecting the coating film containing the polyurethane compound having an aromatic ring structure after drying to active energy ray irradiation to crosslink the coating film.
- the active energy ray applied in such a case is not particularly limited as long as the anchor coat layer can be cured, but it is preferable to use ultraviolet treatment from the viewpoint of versatility and efficiency.
- the ultraviolet ray source known ones such as a high pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a microwave type electrodeless lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp and a xenon lamp can be used.
- the active energy ray is preferably used in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon from the viewpoint of curing efficiency.
- the ultraviolet treatment may be performed under atmospheric pressure or under reduced pressure, but from the viewpoint of versatility and production efficiency, it is preferable to perform ultraviolet treatment under atmospheric pressure in the present invention.
- the oxygen concentration during the ultraviolet treatment is preferably 1.0% or less, more preferably 0.5% or less.
- the relative humidity may be arbitrary.
- the ultraviolet ray source known ones such as a high pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a microwave type electrodeless lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, and a xenon lamp can be used.
- the integrated light quantity of ultraviolet irradiation is 0.1 ⁇ 1.0J / cm 2, more preferably 0.2 ⁇ 0.6J / cm 2. It is preferable that the integrated light amount is 0.1 J / cm 2 or more because a desired degree of crosslinking of the anchor coat layer can be obtained. Further, it is preferable that the integrated light amount is 1.0 J / cm 2 or less because damage to the base material can be reduced.
- an overcoat layer for the purpose of improving scratch resistance, chemical resistance, printability, etc. is formed within a range where the gas barrier property is not deteriorated. It may be a laminated structure in which an adhesive layer or a film made of an organic polymer compound for laminating to an element or the like is laminated. Further, a low refractive index layer may be formed to improve the optical characteristics.
- the outermost surface here means the surface of the A layer after the A layer is laminated on the base material.
- the laminate of the present invention Since the laminate of the present invention has a high gas barrier property, it can be suitably used as a gas barrier film. Further, the laminate of the present invention can be used in various electronic devices. For example, it can be suitably used for electronic devices such as solar cells, flexible circuit substrates, organic EL lighting, flexible organic EL displays, and scintillators. Further, by taking advantage of its high barrier property, it can be suitably used as a packaging material for lithium ion batteries, packaging material for pharmaceuticals, and the like.
- Thickness of each layer A sample for cross-section observation was subjected to the FIB method using a micro sampling system (FB-2000A manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) (specifically, “Polymer surface processing” (Akira Iwamori) p. . 118-119).
- the cross section of the observation sample was observed with a transmission electron microscope (H-9000UHRII, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) at an acceleration voltage of 300 kV, and the thicknesses of the layer A and the anchor coat layer of the laminate were measured.
- composition of layer A, full width at half maximum of oxygen atom (O1s) peak, presence / absence of silicate bond (atomic concentration of atoms in layer A, atomic concentration ratio Mg / Si) The composition analysis of the layer A of the laminate was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS method). The layer was removed from the outermost surface by about 5 nm by argon ion etching, and the content ratio of each element was measured under the following conditions. The measurement conditions of the XPS method were as follows.
- the full width at half maximum of the oxygen atom (O1s) peak was the value calculated by the analysis software Multipak attached to the measuring device.
- the peak top of O1s was calibrated at 531.0 eV, and the peak top position of Si2p was confirmed, and the range of 101.0 to 103.0 eV was confirmed. If the content is in the range, the silicate bond is present (Y), if it is out of the range, the silicate bond is absent (N), and if Si is not contained, the Si peak is absent (-).
- the water vapor transmission rate of the laminate is a water vapor transmission rate measurement device (model name: DELTAPERM (registered trademark)) manufactured by Technolox, UK under the conditions of a temperature of 40 ° C., a humidity of 90% RH, and a measurement area of 50 cm 2.
- the number of samples was two per level. The data obtained by measuring two samples were averaged, the second decimal place was rounded off, the average value at the relevant level was determined, and the value was defined as the water vapor permeability (g / m 2 / day).
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra was measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM).
- the laminate was cut into an arbitrary size, and measurement was performed under the following conditions with respect to a visual field of 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ m on the surface of the A layer.
- the other layer is removed and the measurement is performed on the surface of the A layer.
- ⁇ Measuring device Dimension icon made by Bruker ⁇ Measurement range: 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 ⁇ m ⁇ Scan rate: 1Hz ⁇ Scan line: 512 -Analysis software: Nanoscope Analysis.
- the positron lifetime and pore radius distribution were measured by the positron beam method (a positron annihilation lifetime measurement method for thin films).
- the sample to be measured was attached to a 15 mm ⁇ 15 mm square Si wafer, deaerated under vacuum at room temperature, and then measured.
- the measurement conditions are as follows.
- Example 1 Synthesis of Polyurethane Compound Having Aromatic Ring Structure
- 300 parts by mass of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether acrylic acid adduct manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Epoxy ester 3000A
- 710 parts by mass of ethyl acetate are put into a 5 liter four-necked flask, and the internal temperature becomes 60 ° C. It was warmed up.
- a polyethylene terephthalate film (“Lumirror” (registered trademark) U48 manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was used.
- a coating liquid for forming the anchor coat layer 150 parts by mass of the polyurethane compound, 20 parts by mass of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., product name: Light Acrylate DPE-6A), 1-hydroxy-cyclohexylphenyl- 5 parts by mass of ketone (manufactured by BASF Japan, trade name: “IRGACURE” (registered trademark) 184), 3 parts by mass of 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., trade name: KBM-503) 170 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, 350 parts by mass of toluene and 170 parts by mass of cyclohexanone were mixed to prepare a coating liquid.
- dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., product name:
- the coating liquid is applied onto the substrate with a micro gravure coater (gravure wire number 150UR, gravure rotation ratio 100%), dried at 100 ° C. for 1 minute, dried and then subjected to ultraviolet treatment under the following conditions to have a thickness of 1 ⁇ m.
- An anchor coat layer was provided.
- UV treatment device LH10-10Q-G (manufactured by Fusion UV Systems Japan) Introduced gas: N 2 (nitrogen inert BOX) Ultraviolet ray generation source: Microwave type electrodeless lamp Integrated light quantity: 400 mJ / cm 2 Sample temperature control: room temperature.
- a MgO + SiO 2 layer having a thickness of 150 nm was provided as an A layer on the anchor coat layer surface of the substrate by an electron beam (EB) vapor deposition method using the winding vapor deposition apparatus shown in FIG.
- EB electron beam
- EB gun 13 one electron gun 13 as a heating source, MgO and SiO 2 were uniformly heated.
- the EB gun was set to have an acceleration voltage of 6 kV, an applied current of 50 to 200 mA, and a vapor deposition rate of 1 nm / sec.
- a layer A was formed on the surface of the anchor coat layer of the substrate by EB vapor deposition. The thickness of the layer A to be formed was adjusted by the film transport speed. Then, it was wound around the winding roll 18 via the guide rolls 15, 16 and 17.
- Example 7 As the vapor deposition material, granular zinc oxide ZnO having a size of about 1 to 3 mm (purity 99.9%) and granular silicon oxide SiO 2 having a size of about 2 to 5 mm (purity 99.9%) were used.
- Example 10 As the vapor deposition material, granular zinc oxide ZnO having a size of about 1 to 3 mm (purity 99.9%) and granular tin oxide SnO having a size of about 2 to 5 mm (purity 99.9%) were used.
- ZnO + SnO layer which is the A layer
- Example 11 A polyethylene terephthalate film (“Lumirror” (registered trademark) P60 manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m was used as the substrate, and the layer A was directly formed without forming the anchor coat layer, and the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed. To obtain a laminate. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 12 A polyethylene terephthalate film (“Lumirror” (registered trademark) P60 manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m was used as a substrate, and the layer A was directly formed without forming the anchor coat layer, and the same procedure as in Example 5 was performed. To obtain a laminate. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 14 As the vapor deposition material, granular zirconium oxide ZrO 2 having a size of about 2 to 5 mm (purity 99.9%) and granular silicon dioxide SiO 2 having a size of about 2 to 5 mm (purity 99.9%) are used.
- the material area ratio of ZrO 2 and SiO ZrO 2: SiO 2 8 : except that by controlling the composition to 1 and so as, in the same manner as in example 1 To obtain a laminate. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 As a vapor deposition material, granular magnesium oxide MgO having a size of about 2 to 5 mm (purity 99.9%) was used, and it was set on a carbon-made hearth liner 11 without a partition, and an EB gun had an acceleration voltage of 6 kV and an applied current of 50. A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the vapor deposition material was heated at a vapor deposition rate of 1 nm / sec at ⁇ 200 mA. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative example 2 A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that granular silicon dioxide SiO 2 (purity 99.99%) having a size of about 2 to 5 mm was used as the vapor deposition material. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative example 3 A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that zinc oxide ZnO (purity 99.99%) having a size of about 1 to 3 mm was used as the vapor deposition material. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the A layer was directly formed on the substrate without forming the anchor coat layer. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the layer A was directly formed on the substrate without forming the anchor coat layer. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 7 A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that granular tin oxide SnO (purity 99.99%) having a size of about 2 to 5 mm was used as the vapor deposition material. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 8 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that granular calcium oxide CaO (purity 99.99%) having a size of about 2 to 5 mm was used as the vapor deposition material. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 9 A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that granular zirconium oxide ZrO 2 (purity 99.99%) having a size of about 2 to 5 mm was used as the vapor deposition material. The results are shown in Table 1.
- (1) / (2) is the ratio Mg / atom concentration (atm%) of magnesium (Mg) atoms and silicon (Si) atoms Mg / It means Si.
- Example 1 to 6 a composite oxide film of magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide having an Ra on the surface of the A layer of 2.0 nm or less was formed, and the water vapor permeability was 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 (g / m 2 / day). Less than) is good. Further, in Examples 2 to 5, the average lifetime of the third component in the positron beam method is 0.860 ns or less (average pore radius is 0.138 nm or less), and the water vapor permeability is 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3. Even less than (g / m 2 / day) is even better.
- the Ra of the surface of the A layer was 5.0 nm or less, so that the water vapor permeability was 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 (g / m 2 / express less than day).
- Comparative Examples 1, 2, 8 and 9 are single materials, and are inferior in gas barrier property to the Examples in which two kinds of vapor deposition materials are mixed. Further, Comparative Examples 3 and 7 have poor adhesion and do not exhibit gas barrier properties. Further, in Comparative Examples 4 and 5, since the surface roughness of the A layer surface is large, a dense film is not formed and the gas barrier property is not exhibited. Comparative Example 6 forms a composite metal film, but does not exhibit gas barrier properties.
- the laminate of the present invention has excellent gas barrier properties against oxygen gas, water vapor, etc., it can be effectively used as a packaging material for foods, pharmaceuticals, etc., and a member for electronic devices such as organic EL televisions, solar cells, etc.
- the use is not limited to these.
- Base Material 2 A Layer 3 Anchor Coat Layer 4 Rewinding Electron Beam (EB) Vapor Deposition Device 5 Rewinding Chamber 6 Unwinding Rolls 7, 8, 9 Unwinding Side Guide Roll 10 Main Drum 11 Hasliner 12 Vapor Deposition Material 13 Electrons Gun 14 Electron beam 15, 16, 17 Winding side guide roll 18 Winding roll 19 Vapor deposition material B 20 Evaporation material C
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明1の積層体は、基材の少なくとも片側に、A層を有し、前記A層は、周期表の第2~5、及び、12~14族の元素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも2種の元素、並びに、酸素を含み、前記A層表面の原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)により算出される算術平均粗さRaが5.0nm以下である、積層体である。また本発明2の積層体は、基材の少なくとも片側に、A層を有し、前記A層は、周期表の第2~5、及び、12~14族の元素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも2種の元素、並びに、酸素を含み、前記A層は、陽電子ビーム法により測定される平均寿命が0.935ns以下である、積層体である。
巻き取り式蒸着装置図3によるA層の形成方法の一例を示す。電子線蒸着法により、基材1の表面にA層として、材料BとCの化合物薄膜を設ける。まず、蒸着材料として、2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の材料Bと材料Cを図4,5のように交互に配置する。交互に配置する際の面積比率は、A層の狙い膜組成やEB照射方法等に応じて配置する。その際の配置する材料毎の幅は、10~100mmであることが好ましい。100mmより大きいと材料BとCの幅方向における組成比や膜質のバラつきが大きくなりやすい。10mm未満であると材料を配置する際の作業性が低下する可能性がある。幅方向の組成比や膜質のバラつき、作業性などの観点より10~80mmであることがより好ましい。また、蒸着材料は顆粒に限らず、角形やタブレット型などの成形体などの形状のものを用いても良い。また、蒸着材料が吸湿していると材料中の水分がA層中に取り込まれ、所望の膜組成や物性が得られなくなる可能性があることから、材料を使用前に加熱による脱水処理を行うことが好ましい。巻き取り室5の中で、巻き出しロール6に前記基材1のA層を設ける側の面がハースライナー11に対向するようにセットし、巻き出し、ガイドロール7,8,9を介して、メインドラム10に通す。次に、真空ポンプにより、蒸着装置4内を減圧し、5.0×10-3Pa以下を得る。到達真空度は5.0×10-3Pa以下が好ましい。到達真空度は5.0×10-3Paより大きいと残留ガスがA層中に取り込まれ、所望の膜組成や物性が得られなくなる可能性がある。メインドラム10の温度は一例として、-15℃に設定する。基材の熱負けを防ぐ観点から、20℃以下が好ましく、より好ましくは0℃以下である。次に、加熱源として一台の電子銃(以下、EB銃)13を用い、材料B、C表面を均一に加熱した。EB銃は加速電圧6kV、印加電流50~200mA、蒸着レート1nm/secとなるようにし、EB蒸着により前記基材1の表面上にA層を形成する。また、形成するA層の厚みは、フィルム搬送速度により調整した。その後、ガイドロール15,16,17を介して巻き取りロール18に巻き取る。
本発明に用いられる基材は、柔軟性を確保する観点からフィルム形態を有することが好ましい。フィルムの構成としては、単層フィルム、または2層以上の、例えば、共押し出し法で製膜したフィルムであってもよい。フィルムの種類としては、無延伸、一軸延伸あるいは二軸延伸フィルム等を使用してもよい。
本発明の積層体は、アンカーコート層を有し、前記アンカーコート層は、一方の面が前記基材と接し、他方の面が前記A層と接していることが好ましい。さらにアンカーコート層は、芳香族環構造を有するポリウレタン化合物を架橋して得られる構造を含んでいることがより好ましい。基材上に突起や傷などの欠点が存在する場合、前記欠点を起点に基材上に積層するA層にもピンホールやクラックが発生してガスバリア性や耐屈曲性が損なわれる場合があるため、アンカーコート層を設けることが好ましい。また、基材とA層との熱寸法安定性差が大きい場合もガスバリア性や屈曲性が低下する場合があるため、アンカーコート層を設けることが好ましい。また、本発明に用いられるアンカーコート層は、熱寸法安定性、耐屈曲性の観点から芳香族環構造を有するポリウレタン化合物を架橋して得られる構造を含有することが好ましく、さらに、エチレン性不飽和化合物、光重合開始剤、有機ケイ素化合物および/または無機ケイ素化合物を含有することがより好ましい。
d=6/ρs ・・・ (1)
ρ:密度。
本発明の積層体の最表面の上、つまりA層の上には、ガスバリア性が低下しない範囲で耐擦傷性や耐薬品性、印刷性等の向上を目的としたオーバーコート層を形成してもよいし、素子等に貼合するための有機高分子化合物からなる粘着層やフィルムをラミネートした積層構成としてもよい。また、光学特性を向上させるための低屈折率層を形成してもよい。なお、ここでいう最表面とは、基材上にA層が積層された後の、A層の表面をいう。
本発明の積層体は高いガスバリア性を有するため、ガスバリア性フィルムとして好適に用いることができる。また、本発明の積層体は、様々な電子デバイスに用いることができる。例えば、太陽電池やフレキシブル回路基材、有機EL照明、フレキシブル有機ELディスプレイ、シンチレータのような電子デバイスに好適に用いることができる。また、高いバリア性を活かして、リチウムイオン電池の外装材や医薬品の包装材等としても好適に用いることができる。
(1)各層の厚み
断面観察用サンプルをマイクロサンプリングシステム((株)日立製作所製 FB-2000A)を使用してFIB法により(具体的には「高分子表面加工学」(岩森暁著)p.118~119に記載の方法に基づいて)作製した。透過型電子顕微鏡((株)日立製作所製 H-9000UHRII)により、加速電圧300kVとして、観察用サンプルの断面を観察し、積層体のA層、アンカーコート層の厚みを測定した。
積層体のA層の組成分析は、X線光電子分光法(XPS法)により行った。最表面から5nm程度アルゴンイオンエッチングにより層を除去して下記の条件で各元素の含有比率を測定した。XPS法の測定条件は下記の通りとした。
・装置 :PHI5000VersaProbe2(アルバックファイ社製)
・励起X線 :monochromatic AlKα
・分析範囲 :φ100μm
・光電子脱出角度 :45°
・Arイオンエッチング :2.0kV、ラスターサイズ 2×2、エッチング時間 1min。
積層体の水蒸気透過度は、温度40℃、湿度90%RH、測定面積50cm2の条件で、英国、テクノロックス(Technolox)社製の水蒸気透過率測定装置(機種名:DELTAPERM(登録商標))を使用して測定した。サンプル数は水準当たり2サンプル行った。2サンプルの測定を行い得たデータを平均し、小数点第2位を四捨五入し、当該水準における平均値を求め、その値を水蒸気透過度(g/m2/day)とした。
算術平均粗さRaは、原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)を用いて測定を行った。積層体を任意の大きさに切り出し、A層表面の1μm×1μmの視野に関して下記の条件で測定を行った。測定n=2で行い、Raの値はn=2の平均値を用いた。なお、A層の上にハードコート層等の他の層が存在する場合は、当該他の層を除去した上で、A層表面において測定を行うこととする。
・測定装置:Bruker製Demension icon
・測定範囲:1μm×1μm
・scan rate:1Hz
・scan line:512
・解析ソフト:Nanoscope Analysis。
陽電子寿命及び細孔半径分布は、陽電子ビーム法(薄膜対応陽電子消滅寿命測定法)により測定を行った。測定するサンプルを15mm×15mm角のSiウェハに貼り付けて室温で真空脱気した後、測定を行った。測定条件は下記のとおりである。
・装置 :フジ・インバック製小型陽電子ビーム発生装置PALS200A
・陽電子線源 :22Naベースの陽電子ビーム
・γ線検出器 :BaF2製シンチレータ+光電子増倍管
・装置定数 :255~278ps,24.55ps/ch
・ビーム強度 :1keV
・測定深さ :0~100nm付近(推定)
・測定温度 :室温
・測定雰囲気 :真空
・測定カウント数 :約5,000,000カウント
測定結果について、非線形最小二乗プログラムPOSITRONFITにより、3成分あるいは4成分解析を行った。
(芳香族環構造を有するポリウレタン化合物の合成)
5リットルの4つ口フラスコに、ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテルアクリル酸付加物(共栄社化学社製、商品名:エポキシエステル3000A)を300質量部、酢酸エチル710質量部を入れ、内温60℃になるよう加温した。合成触媒としてジラウリン酸ジ-n-ブチル錫0.2質量部を添加し、攪拌しながらジシクロヘキシルメタン4,4’-ジイソシアネート(東京化成工業社製)200質量部を1時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後2時間反応を続行し、続いてジエチレングリコール(和光純薬工業社製)25質量部を1時間かけて滴下した。滴下後5時間反応を続行し、重量平均分子量20,000の芳香族環構造を有するポリウレタン化合物を得た。
基材として、厚み100μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東レ株式会社製“ルミラー”(登録商標)U48)を用いた。
導入ガス:N2(窒素イナートBOX)
紫外線発生源:マイクロ波方式無電極ランプ
積算光量:400mJ/cm2
試料温調:室温。
図3に示す巻き取り式蒸着装置を使用し、電子線(EB)蒸着法により、基材のアンカーコート層表面に、A層としてMgO+SiO2層を厚み150nmで設けた。
A層であるMgO+SiO2層の形成において、MgOとSiO2の材料面積比率をMgO:SiO2=3:1となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
A層であるMgO+SiO2層の形成において、MgOとSiO2の材料面積比率をMgO:SiO2=7:3となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
A層であるMgO+SiO2層の形成において、MgOとSiO2の材料面積比率をMgO:SiO2=2:1となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
A層であるMgO+SiO2層の形成において、MgOとSiO2の材料面積比率をMgO:SiO2=6.5:3.5となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
A層であるMgO+SiO2層の形成において、MgOとSiO2の材料面積比率をMgO:SiO2=5.5:4.5となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、1~3mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化亜鉛ZnO(純度99.9%)と2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化ケイ素SiO(純度99.9%)を用い、A層であるZnO+SiO層を形成において、ZnOとSiOの材料面積比率をZnO:SiO=3:1となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
A層であるZnO+SiO層の形成において、ZnOとSiOの材料面積比率をZnO:SiO=2:1となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例7と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
A層であるZnO+SiO層の形成において、ZnOとSiOの材料面積比率をZnO:SiO=1:1となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例7と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、1~3mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化亜鉛ZnO(純度99.9%)と2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化スズSnO(純度99.9%)を用い、A層であるZnO+SnO層の形成において、ZnOとSnOの材料面積比率をZnO:SnO=3:1となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
基材として、厚み12μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東レ株式会社製“ルミラー”(登録商標)P60)を用い、アンカーコート層を形成せずに直接A層を形成した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
基材として、厚み12μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東レ株式会社製“ルミラー”(登録商標)P60)を用い、アンカーコート層を形成せずに直接A層を形成した以外は、実施例5と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化カルシウムCaO(純度99.9%)と2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の二酸化ケイ素SiO2(純度99.9%)を用い、A層であるCaO+SiO2層の形成において、CaOとSiO2の材料面積比率をCaO:SiO2=8:1となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化ジルコニウムZrO2(純度99.9%)と2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の二酸化ケイ素SiO2(純度99.9%)を用い、A層であるZrO2+SiO2層の形成において、ZrO2とSiOの材料面積比率をZrO2:SiO2=8:1となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化マグネシウムMgO(純度99.9%)を用い、仕切りの無いカーボン製ハースライナー11にセットし、EB銃は加速電圧6kV、印加電流50~200mA、蒸着レート1nm/secで蒸着材料を加熱した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の二酸化ケイ素SiO2(純度99.99%)を用いた以外は、比較例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、1~3mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化亜鉛ZnO(純度99.99%)を用いた以外は、比較例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
基材上にアンカーコート層を形成せずに直接A層を形成した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
基材上にアンカーコート層を形成せずに直接A層を形成した以外は、実施例5と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、2~5mm程度の大きさの薄片状のマグネシウムMg(純度99.9%)と2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状のケイ素Si(純度99.9%)を用い、A層であるMg+Si層の形成において、MgとSiの材料面積比率をMg:Si=5:1となるようにし組成を制御した以外は、実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化スズSnO(純度99.99%)を用いた以外は、比較例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化カルシウムCaO(純度99.99%)を用いた以外は、比較例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
蒸着材料として、2~5mm程度の大きさの顆粒状の酸化ジルコニウムZrO2(純度99.99%)を用いた以外は、比較例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。
2 A層
3 アンカーコート層
4 巻き取り式電子線(EB)蒸着装置
5 巻き取り室
6 巻き出しロール
7,8,9 巻き出し側ガイドロール
10 メインドラム
11 ハースライナー
12 蒸着材料
13 電子銃
14 電子線
15,16,17 巻き取り側ガイドロール
18 巻き取りロール
19 蒸着材料B
20 蒸着材料C
Claims (12)
- 基材の少なくとも片側に、A層を有し、
前記A層は、周期表の第2~5、及び、12~14族の元素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも2種の元素、並びに、酸素を含み、
前記A層表面の原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)により算出される算術平均粗さRaが5.0nm以下である、積層体。 - 基材の少なくとも片側に、A層を有し、
前記A層は、周期表の第2~5、及び、12~14族の元素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも2種の元素、並びに、酸素を含み、
前記A層は、陽電子ビーム法により測定される平均寿命が0.935ns以下である、積層体。 - 前記A層は、マグネシウム、カルシウム、チタン、ジルコニウム、亜鉛、及びアルミニウムからなる群より選ばれる1種、並びに、ケイ素またはスズまたはゲルマニウムのいずれかを含む、請求項1または2に記載の積層体。
- 前記A層は、非晶質膜である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記A層は、X線光電子分光により測定される酸素原子(O1s)のピークの半値幅が3.25eV以下である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 水蒸気透過度が5.0×10-2g/m2/day未満である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記A層は、前記周期表の第2~5、及び、12~14族の元素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも2種の元素として、マグネシウム及びケイ素、または、亜鉛及びケイ素を含む、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記A層は、シリケート結合を有する、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- アンカーコート層を有し、前記アンカーコート層は、一方の面が前記基材と接し、他方の面が前記A層と接している、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記A層は、前記周期表の第2~5、及び、12~14族の元素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも2種の元素として、マグネシウム及びケイ素を含み、X線光電子分光により測定されるマグネシウム(Mg)原子濃度が5~50atm%、ケイ素(Si)原子濃度が2~30atm%、及び酸素(O)原子濃度が45~70atm%である、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の積層体。
- 前記A層は、マグネシウム(Mg)原子とケイ素(Si)原子の原子濃度(atm%)の比率Mg/Siが、0.30~11.00である、請求項10に記載の積層体。
- 前記A層が真空蒸着法により形成される層である、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の積層体。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201980066861.0A CN112839798B (zh) | 2018-10-18 | 2019-10-04 | 叠层体 |
JP2019563107A JP7334624B2 (ja) | 2018-10-18 | 2019-10-04 | 積層体 |
KR1020207036395A KR20210078443A (ko) | 2018-10-18 | 2019-10-04 | 적층체 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018-196503 | 2018-10-18 | ||
JP2018196503 | 2018-10-18 | ||
JP2019039265 | 2019-03-05 | ||
JP2019-039265 | 2019-03-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020080136A1 true WO2020080136A1 (ja) | 2020-04-23 |
Family
ID=70284355
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2019/039274 WO2020080136A1 (ja) | 2018-10-18 | 2019-10-04 | 積層体 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP7334624B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20210078443A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN112839798B (ja) |
TW (1) | TW202023811A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020080136A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2021169184A (ja) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-28 | 東レ株式会社 | 積層体、積層体の製造方法、および有機素子 |
JPWO2022138416A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-06-30 | ||
JP2023043359A (ja) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-03-29 | 東レ株式会社 | 積層体 |
JP2024018855A (ja) * | 2022-07-28 | 2024-02-08 | 尾池工業株式会社 | ガスバリア膜用スパッタリングターゲット、ガスバリア膜およびガスバリアフィルム |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07331419A (ja) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-12-19 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | 蒸着用成形物およびそれを用いた真空蒸着方法 |
JP2015174270A (ja) * | 2014-03-14 | 2015-10-05 | 東レ株式会社 | ガスバリア性フィルム |
JP2016064650A (ja) * | 2014-09-16 | 2016-04-28 | 東レ株式会社 | ガスバリア性フィルム |
JP2018001521A (ja) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-11 | 東レ株式会社 | ガスバリア性フィルム |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61297137A (ja) * | 1985-06-25 | 1986-12-27 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 耐透湿性透明合成樹脂体 |
JP2002187231A (ja) * | 2000-10-13 | 2002-07-02 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | バリア性フィルムおよびその製造法 |
JP4373270B2 (ja) | 2004-05-13 | 2009-11-25 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | ガスバリア性フィルム、ならびにこれを用いて構成された液晶表示素子およびel表示素子 |
JP4299759B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-12 | 2009-07-22 | Tdk株式会社 | セラミック電子部品およびその製造方法 |
NL1030288C2 (nl) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-10-09 | Toray Industries | Semipermeabel composietmembraan, productiewerkwijze daarvan, en element, fluïdumscheidingsinstallatie en werkwijze voor behandeling van water onder toepassing van hetzelfde. |
JP4984063B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-06 | 2012-07-25 | 国立大学法人 千葉大学 | 低速陽電子輝度増強用透過型減速材の製造方法、低速陽電子輝度増強用透過型減速材、低速陽電子ビームの輝度増強方法、高輝度低速陽電子ビーム発生装置および陽電子顕微鏡 |
JP2013028018A (ja) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-02-07 | Daicel Corp | ガスバリアフィルム及びデバイス |
JP5776563B2 (ja) | 2012-01-20 | 2015-09-09 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 透明膜およびその製造方法並びに透明膜形成用スパッタリングターゲット |
WO2014192700A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | ガスバリア性フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
KR20160137976A (ko) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-12-02 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | 적층체, 투명 도전성 적층체 및 터치 패널 |
JP7021498B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-31 | 2022-02-17 | 東レ株式会社 | 積層体 |
-
2019
- 2019-10-04 KR KR1020207036395A patent/KR20210078443A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2019-10-04 CN CN201980066861.0A patent/CN112839798B/zh active Active
- 2019-10-04 JP JP2019563107A patent/JP7334624B2/ja active Active
- 2019-10-04 WO PCT/JP2019/039274 patent/WO2020080136A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-10-14 TW TW108136820A patent/TW202023811A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07331419A (ja) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-12-19 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | 蒸着用成形物およびそれを用いた真空蒸着方法 |
JP2015174270A (ja) * | 2014-03-14 | 2015-10-05 | 東レ株式会社 | ガスバリア性フィルム |
JP2016064650A (ja) * | 2014-09-16 | 2016-04-28 | 東レ株式会社 | ガスバリア性フィルム |
JP2018001521A (ja) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-11 | 東レ株式会社 | ガスバリア性フィルム |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2021169184A (ja) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-28 | 東レ株式会社 | 積層体、積層体の製造方法、および有機素子 |
JPWO2022138416A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-06-30 | ||
JP7276606B2 (ja) | 2020-12-22 | 2023-05-18 | Dic株式会社 | ガスバリア性積層体及び包装体 |
JP2023043359A (ja) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-03-29 | 東レ株式会社 | 積層体 |
JP2024018855A (ja) * | 2022-07-28 | 2024-02-08 | 尾池工業株式会社 | ガスバリア膜用スパッタリングターゲット、ガスバリア膜およびガスバリアフィルム |
JP7611589B2 (ja) | 2022-07-28 | 2025-01-10 | 尾池工業株式会社 | ガスバリア膜用スパッタリングターゲット、ガスバリア膜およびガスバリアフィルム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2020080136A1 (ja) | 2021-10-07 |
CN112839798A (zh) | 2021-05-25 |
JP7334624B2 (ja) | 2023-08-29 |
TW202023811A (zh) | 2020-07-01 |
KR20210078443A (ko) | 2021-06-28 |
CN112839798B (zh) | 2024-03-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6269476B2 (ja) | ガスバリア性フィルム | |
TWI643739B (zh) | Gas barrier film | |
JP7334624B2 (ja) | 積層体 | |
JP2015174270A (ja) | ガスバリア性フィルム | |
JP7600525B2 (ja) | 積層体 | |
JP6879209B2 (ja) | 積層体 | |
JP6918446B2 (ja) | ガスバリア性フィルム | |
JP7017041B2 (ja) | 積層体 | |
JP6578943B2 (ja) | ガスバリア性フィルム | |
JP6601216B2 (ja) | ガスバリア性フィルム、それを用いた電子デバイス、およびガスバリア性フィルムの製造方法 | |
JP2020114659A (ja) | 積層体 | |
JP6507632B2 (ja) | 積層体 | |
JP7543690B2 (ja) | 積層体、積層体の製造方法、および有機素子 | |
JP2021112912A (ja) | 積層体 | |
JP2021112869A (ja) | 積層体 | |
JP2023043359A (ja) | 積層体 | |
JP2021169184A (ja) | 積層体、積層体の製造方法、および有機素子 | |
JP2024167526A (ja) | 積層体、および太陽電池 | |
JP2024123911A (ja) | 積層体、積層体の製造方法、フレキシブルデバイス、太陽電池、および光学センサ | |
JP2016120460A (ja) | ガスバリア性フィルムの製造方法 | |
JP2018083383A (ja) | 積層体 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019563107 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19873386 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 19873386 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWR | Wipo information: refused in national office |
Ref document number: 1020207036395 Country of ref document: KR |