WO2011067976A1 - 動力装置の制御装置 - Google Patents
動力装置の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011067976A1 WO2011067976A1 PCT/JP2010/066427 JP2010066427W WO2011067976A1 WO 2011067976 A1 WO2011067976 A1 WO 2011067976A1 JP 2010066427 W JP2010066427 W JP 2010066427W WO 2011067976 A1 WO2011067976 A1 WO 2011067976A1
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 136
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 91
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000283891 Kobus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1628—Programme controls characterised by the control loop
- B25J9/1641—Programme controls characterised by the control loop compensation for backlash, friction, compliance, elasticity in the joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
- B25J13/08—Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices
- B25J13/088—Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices with position, velocity or acceleration sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/0009—Constructional details, e.g. manipulator supports, bases
- B25J9/0015—Flexure members, i.e. parts of manipulators having a narrowed section allowing articulation by flexion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1628—Programme controls characterised by the control loop
- B25J9/1633—Programme controls characterised by the control loop compliant, force, torque control, e.g. combined with position control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/41—Servomotor, servo controller till figures
- G05B2219/41251—Servo with spring, resilient, elastic element, twist
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling a driving force applied from an actuator to a driven element such as a robot link.
- a power device that drives a joint mechanism of a robot in which a spring member is interposed between a power output portion of an actuator and a driven element of the joint mechanism in order to make the joint mechanism flexible.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a power configured to transmit a rotational driving force of a motor to a link of a robot arm through a pulley and a speed reducer, and a damping element / elastic element system including a damper and a spring in order.
- An apparatus is described.
- the target torque of the motor is determined based on the target link angle, the measured value of the link angle, and the measured value of the rotation angle of the motor, and the output torque of the motor is determined by the target torque. Control.
- the target torque of the motor is determined by adding a feedback value corresponding to the deviation between the target link angle and the link angle measurement value to the feedforward value.
- a wave gear device such as a harmonic drive (registered trademark) is often used as a speed reducer of a power transmission system between an actuator such as a motor and a driven element.
- This type of wave gear device has some elastic characteristics in its power transmission system due to its structure. Therefore, in a power device that transmits the power of the actuator to the driven element via the wave gear device and the spring member, not only the spring member but also the wave gear device has an elastic characteristic in its power transmission system, that is, it easily vibrates. It will be included as an element. For this reason, in such a power unit, vibration due to a resonance phenomenon or the like is likely to occur, and as a result, vibration of the driving force transmitted from the actuator to the driven element is likely to occur. Therefore, in order to appropriately control the driving force transmitted to the driven element to the target driving force, it is necessary to effectively suppress the vibration of the driving force due to the elastic characteristics of both the wave gear device and the spring member. There is.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a background.
- a power device in which a power transmission system between an actuator and a driven element includes two power transmission elements having elastic characteristics, the power is transmitted from the actuator to the driven element. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device for a power unit that can stably apply a target driving force to a driven element while effectively suppressing vibration of the driving force.
- a control device for a power plant includes an actuator, a first power transmission element having an elastic characteristic in which an input section is connected to a power output section of the actuator, and the first power transmission.
- An input unit connected to an output unit of the element, a second power transmission element that converts the power applied to the input unit into an elastic force and outputs the elastic force, and an output unit of the second power transmission element, the actuator From the first power transmission element and the driven element that performs a motion operation by the driving force transmitted through the second power transmission element, and the first power transmission element has an elastic characteristic that is higher in rigidity than the second power transmission element.
- a control device that controls a driving force that is actually applied to the driven element from an actuator to a target driving force, Primary side displacement position measuring means for generating an output indicating a measured value of an actual displacement position of the input portion of the second power transmission element; Secondary side displacement position measuring means for generating an output indicating the measured value of the actual displacement position of the driven element; A primary side and a secondary side that generate an output indicating a measured value of a displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side, which is a difference between the actual displacement position of the input portion of the second power transmission element and the actual displacement position of the driven element A secondary side displacement difference measuring means; Primary-side displacement speed estimation means for generating an estimated value of a primary-side displacement speed that is an actual displacement speed of the input portion of the second power transmission element based on at least a measurement value of the primary-side displacement position; A secondary-side displacement speed estimation means for generating an estimated value of a secondary-side displacement speed, which is an actual displacement speed of the driven element, based on at least a measurement value of the
- a second filtering value is generated by performing a low-pass characteristic filtering process on the deviation between the elasticity measurement value which is one of the values and the elasticity measurement target value defined by the target driving force.
- 2 filtering means An actuator operation target determination means for determining an operation target that defines the operation of the actuator according to a linear combination value of the first filtering value and the second filtering value;
- Actuator control means for controlling the operation of the actuator according to the determined operation target (first invention).
- the power output from the actuator and the driving force applied to the driven element may be either a rotational force (torque) or a translational force.
- the operation target is determined according to a linear combination value of the first filtering value generated by the first filtering means and the second filtering value generated by the second filtering means.
- the operation of the actuator is controlled according to the operation target.
- an object to be subjected to the low-pass characteristic filtering process by the first filtering means is a deviation between the measured value of the secondary displacement speed and the measured value of the primary displacement speed, that is, the output of the first power transmission element.
- This is a deviation between the displacement speed of the input part of the second power transmission element connected to the part and the displacement speed of the driven element connected to the output part of the second power transmission element.
- the object to be subjected to the low-pass characteristic filtering process by the first filtering means is in accordance with the temporal change rate of the elastic force actually applied from the second power transmission element to the driven element.
- the object of performing the low-pass characteristic filtering process by the second filtering means is the measured value of the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side and the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side defined by the target driving force.
- An elastic force conversion value obtained by converting a deviation from a target value or a measured value of the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side into an elastic force generated by the second power transmission element and a target value of the elastic force ( That is, a deviation from the target driving force). Accordingly, the object to be subjected to the low-pass characteristic filtering process by the second filtering means is in accordance with the error of the elastic force actually applied from the second power transmission element to the driven element with respect to the target driving force.
- the relationship between the elastic force generated by the second power transmission element and the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side is a predetermined relationship that depends on the elastic characteristics of the second power transmission element. Based on the measured value of the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side based on the elastic force of the second power transmission element, or the target driving force is converted into the target value of the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side. be able to.
- each filtering process of the first filtering unit and the second filtering unit may include a process of multiplying a target of the filtering process by a gain of a predetermined value.
- the object to which the low-pass characteristic filtering process is performed by the first filtering means is in accordance with the temporal change rate of the elastic force actually applied from the second power transmission element to the driven element. Also.
- the target to which the low-pass characteristic filtering process is performed by the second filtering means is in accordance with the error of the elastic force actually applied from the second power transmission element to the driven element with respect to the target driving force.
- the first filtering means and the second filtering means can individually set the cutoff frequency and gain of each filtering process.
- the first filtering means and the second filtering means set the cut-off frequency and gain of the respective filtering processes appropriately, so that the driving force transmitted from the actuator to the driven element is the first power transmission.
- the operation target can be determined so as to effectively suppress vibration due to the elastic characteristics of both the element and the second power transmission element.
- the driving force applied to the driven element can be stably controlled to the target driving force while effectively suppressing the vibration of the driving force transmitted from the actuator to the driven element.
- the first power transmission element and the second power transmission element having elastic characteristics can take various modes according to the type of the actuator, the motion form of the driven element, and the like.
- the first power transmission element is a speed reducer and the second power transmission element is a spring member (second invention).
- the power unit according to the second aspect of the invention has a structure in which the power output from the actuator is transmitted to the driven element via the speed reducer and the spring member in order, the versatility of the present invention can be enhanced.
- a typical example of a speed reducer having a highly rigid elastic characteristic compared to a spring member is a wave gear device such as a harmonic drive (registered trademark).
- a coil spring and a torsion bar are mentioned as a typical example of a spring member.
- the speed reducer may include a mechanism for converting a rotational force into a translational force, or converting a translational force into a rotational force.
- the speed reducer may include a power transmission mechanism having a structure in which a plurality of gears are engaged, a power transmission mechanism having a structure in which a sprocket and a chain are combined, and the like.
- the second power transmission element may be constituted by a force sensor such as a torque sensor provided with a strain body that functions as a spring member.
- the estimated value of the secondary displacement speed is made to follow the first-order differential value (first-order differential value by time) of the measured value of the secondary-side displacement position. It is desirable to generate as follows.
- the secondary side displacement speed estimation means obtains a value obtained by subjecting a first-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary side displacement position to a filtering process of low-pass characteristics, and the secondary side displacement speed. It is comprised as a means to produce
- a value obtained by subjecting the first-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary side displacement position to the low-pass characteristic filtering process that is, a value obtained by removing high-frequency components from the first-order differential value is two. It is generated as an estimated value of the secondary displacement speed. Thereby, the estimated value of the secondary side displacement speed can be generated so as to follow the first-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary side displacement position while preventing excessive fluctuation of the estimated value.
- the cutoff frequency in the low-pass characteristic filtering process applied to the first-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary displacement position is the vibration component (resonance frequency) caused by the elastic characteristic of the first power transmission element.
- Component) and a vibration component (resonance frequency component) caused by the elastic characteristics of the second power transmission element are preferably set so as to be removed from the first-order differential value.
- the vibration component due to the elastic characteristic of the first power transmission element is The frequency becomes higher than the vibration component caused by the elastic characteristics of the second power transmission element. Therefore, if the cut-off frequency is set to a frequency lower than the vibration component due to the elastic characteristic of the second power transmission element, the vibration component due to the elastic characteristic of the first power transmission element can be removed as a result. Become.
- a secondary displacement speed basic estimated value generating means for estimating a driven element acting force as a basic estimated value of the secondary displacement speed, and a value proportional to an integral value of the estimated value of the driven element acting force.
- a third filtering means for generating a secondary-side displacement velocity filtering value that is a value obtained by subjecting a first-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary-side displacement position to a low-pass characteristic filtering process.
- the secondary side displacement speed estimation means sets the deviation to “0” by a feedback control law according to the deviation between the secondary side displacement position filtering value and the generated estimated value of the secondary side displacement speed.
- the secondary side displacement speed basic estimated value generation means is a value proportional to the integral value of the estimated value of the driven element acting force (a value obtained by multiplying the integral value by a proportional constant of a predetermined value).
- the integrated value of the driven element acting force is the displacement speed of the driven element. That is, it is proportional to the secondary side displacement speed.
- the driven element acting force can be estimated based on at least the measured value of the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side. Therefore, the basic estimated value of the secondary displacement speed can be generated by the processing of the secondary displacement speed basic estimated value generating means.
- the basic estimated value of the secondary side displacement speed is a value proportional to the integral value of the driven element acting force, excessive fluctuation of the basic estimated value is suppressed.
- a secondary side displacement speed estimation means produces
- the correction operation amount includes the secondary-side displacement speed filtering value that is a value obtained by subjecting the first-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary-side displacement position to the low-pass characteristic filtering process and the generated secondary-side displacement. According to the deviation from the estimated value of the speed (preferably the latest value of the estimated value of the generated secondary displacement speed), the deviation is calculated to converge to “0” by the feedback control law.
- the fourth invention since the basic estimated value functions as a feedforward estimated value of the secondary side displacement speed, the influence of the measurement error of the secondary side displacement position is reduced, and the secondary side displacement speed is reduced. The reliability and stability of the estimated value can be improved.
- the cutoff frequency in the low-pass characteristic filtering process applied to the first-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary displacement position is the elastic characteristic of the first power transmission element, as in the third invention. It is preferable to set so that the vibration component due to the vibration component and the vibration component due to the elastic characteristic of the second power transmission element can be removed from the first-order differential value.
- the external force (including the frictional force) acting on the driven element other than the elastic force generated by the second power transmission element is “0” or sufficiently smaller than the elastic force.
- a measured value of the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side is used as the second power transmission.
- An elastic force conversion value obtained by converting the elastic force generated by the element may be generated as the estimated value of the driven element acting force.
- external force acting on the driven element other than the elastic force generated by the second power transmission element may be relatively large.
- the secondary-side displacement speed basic estimated value generating means generates an elastic force generated by the second power transmission element based on a measured value of the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side.
- Means for calculating a force deviation that is a deviation from an applied force basic filtering value obtained by subjecting a value converted to a force acting on the driven element to a low-pass characteristic filtering process, and depending on the force deviation It is preferable that a means for calculating an estimated value of the driven element acting force by correcting the elastic force conversion value is provided (fifth invention).
- the secondary displacement speed basic estimated value generating means calculates a force deviation that is a deviation between the elastic force filtering value and the acting force basic filtering value.
- the second-order differential value of the value is basically proportional to the driven element acting force. Therefore, basically, the measurement value of the displacement difference between the primary side and the secondary side is converted into the elastic force generated by the second power transmission element and the secondary displacement position.
- the deviation from the value obtained by converting the second-order differential value of the measured value into the force acting on the driven element is the second power transmission. This corresponds to an external force acting on the driven element other than the elastic force generated by the element.
- the secondary side displacement velocity basic estimated value generating means generates an elastic force filtering value obtained by subjecting the elastic force converted value to a low pass characteristic filtering process, and a measured value of the secondary side displacement position.
- a force deviation that is a deviation from a basic filtering value obtained by applying a low-pass characteristic filtering process to a value obtained by converting the second-order differential value into a force acting on the driven element corresponds to the estimated value of the external force. Calculate as you want. As a result, it is possible to calculate the highly reliable force deviation corresponding to the estimated value of the external force so as not to cause excessive fluctuation.
- the secondary side displacement speed basic estimated value generating means calculates the estimated value of the driven element acting force by correcting the elastic force converted value according to the force deviation.
- correction of the elastic force conversion value can be performed, for example, by adding to the elastic force conversion value a value obtained by multiplying the force deviation by a predetermined gain (a gain of “1” or less).
- the secondary side displacement speed basic estimated value generating means generates a value proportional to the integral value of the estimated value of the driven element acting force calculated as described above as the basic estimated value.
- the estimated value of the driven element acting force is an estimated value in which an external force acting on the driven element other than the elastic force generated by the second power transmission element is taken into account. The error with respect to the side displacement speed can be reduced. As a result, the reliability and stability of the estimated value of the secondary displacement speed generated by the secondary displacement speed estimation means can be further enhanced.
- the elastic force conversion value and the low-pass characteristic applied to the value obtained by converting the second-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary displacement position into the force acting on the driven element respectively.
- the frequency characteristics such as the cut-off frequency are the same (including the case where the frequency characteristics are substantially the same).
- the process of calculating the deviation between the elastic force filtering value and the applied force basic filtering value is performed by applying the elastic force conversion value and the second-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary displacement position to the driven element. This is equivalent to a process of calculating a deviation from a value converted into a force and applying a low-pass characteristic filtering process to the deviation.
- low-pass characteristic filtering applied to the elastic force converted value and a value obtained by converting the second-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary displacement position into a force acting on the driven element are the vibration component due to the elastic force characteristic of the first power transmission element and the first It is preferable to set so that the vibration component caused by the elastic characteristics of the two power transmission elements can be removed. These cutoff frequencies may be different from the cutoff frequency of the filtering process of the third filtering means.
- the estimated value of the primary side displacement speed is also generated so that the estimated value of the primary side displacement speed follows the first-order differential value of the measured value of the primary side displacement position. It is desirable.
- a power target parameter generating means for generating a power target parameter that defines target power to be output from the power output unit of the actuator according to at least the operation target
- the power target parameter A target power filtering means for generating a target power filtering value obtained by subjecting the target power defined by the low-pass characteristic filtering process to a first-order differential value of the measured value of the primary side displacement position and the generated position side displacement.
- a correction operation amount of the target power filtering value is calculated so that the deviation converges to “0” by a feedback control law, and the target power filtering value is calculated by the correction operation amount.
- the primary displacement speed estimation means is configured as means for generating a value proportional to an integral value of the corrected value of the target power filtering value by the correction means as an estimated value of the primary displacement speed ( (Sixth invention).
- the target power filtering value generated by the target power filtering means that is, the value obtained by subjecting the target power defined by the power target parameter to the low-pass characteristic filtering process, This corresponds to an approximate estimated value of power actually output from the output unit.
- the target power filtering value is corrected by the correction operation amount calculated by the correction means so as to converge the deviation to “0” by the feedback control law.
- the corrected value is obtained as the estimated value of the power that the actuator actually outputs from the power output unit.
- the primary side displacement speed estimation means estimates the primary side displacement speed by a value proportional to an integral value of the corrected value of the target power filtering value (a value obtained by multiplying the integral value by a proportional constant of a predetermined value). Generate as a value.
- the estimated value of the secondary displacement speed can be generated so as to follow the first-order differential value of the measured value of the secondary displacement position.
- the estimated value of the primary displacement speed is a value proportional to the integrated value of the corrected value of the target power filtering value, excessive fluctuation of the estimated value is suppressed.
- the actuator control means determines the target power to be output from the power output unit of the actuator according to the operation target, and then controls the operation of the actuator according to the target power.
- the power target parameter generation means can be included in the actuator control means.
- the operation target determined by the actuator operation target determining means is, for example, the displacement of the power output unit of the electric motor.
- a target value of speed for example, the rotational angular speed of the output shaft
- a target value obtained by converting this target value into a displacement speed of the output part of the first power transmission element can be used.
- the electric motor may be either a rotary motor or a linear motor.
- the deviation between the target value obtained by converting the target value of the displacement speed of the power output portion of the motor into the displacement speed of the output portion of the first power transmission element and the estimated value of the primary side displacement speed is determined by the feedback control law as “0”. It is desirable that a target value of power such as torque output from the electric motor is determined as the power target parameter so that the electric motor converges, and the operation of the electric motor is controlled according to the target value.
- the displacement speed of the power output portion of the actuator (the displacement speed of the input portion of the first power transmission element)
- the relationship between the displacement speed (primary displacement speed) of the output portion of the first power transmission element is a proportional relationship that substantially depends on the reduction ratio of the first power transmission element. Therefore, the displacement speed of the power output portion of the electric motor as the actuator (displacement speed of the input portion of the first power transmission element) and the displacement speed of the output portion of the first power transmission element (primary displacement speed) Conversion from one displacement speed to the other displacement speed can be performed according to the reduction ratio of the first power transmission element.
- FIG. 5A is a graph illustrating the drive torque control characteristics of the power plant in the embodiment
- FIG. 5B is a graph illustrating the drive torque control characteristics of the power plant in the comparative example.
- a power device 1 is a device that rotationally drives a driven rotating member 5 as a driven element by an electric motor 2, and transmits power between the electric motor 2 and the driven rotating member 5.
- the system includes a speed reducer 3 and a torsion bar 4 that is a spring member.
- the electric motor 2, the speed reducer 3, and the torsion bar 4 correspond to the actuator, the first power transmission element, and the second power transmission element in the present invention, respectively.
- the driven rotating member 5 for example, a component of a robot joint (a link member rotatable around a joint axis) can be cited.
- the input shaft (input unit) 3a of the speed reducer 3 is connected to the output shaft 2b as a power output unit of the electric motor 2 so as to be able to rotate integrally with the output shaft 2b.
- An input side end (input part) 4a of the torsion bar 4 is connected to the output shaft (output part) 3b of the speed reducer 3 so as to rotate integrally with the output shaft 3b.
- a driven rotating member 5 is connected to the output side end (output unit) 4b of the torsion bar 4 so as to be able to rotate integrally with the output side end 4b.
- the connecting portion between the output shaft 3 b of the reduction gear 3 and the torsion bar 4 and the connecting portion between the torsion bar 4 and the driven rotating member 5 are opposed to each other in the axial direction of the torsion bar 4.
- the discs 11a and 11b are mounted. These discs 11a and 11b are components of the differential encoder 11 described later, and are provided so as to rotate integrally with the input side end 4a and the output side end 4b of the torsion bar 4, respectively.
- the rotational driving force (torque) generated by the electric motor 2 on the output shaft 2b is transmitted to the driven rotating member 5 through the speed reducer 3 and the torsion bar 4 in order. Thereby, operation
- movement (rotation motion) of the driven rotation member 5 is performed.
- the rotational driving force transmitted from the electric motor 2 to the torsion bar 4 via the speed reducer 3 is converted into an elastic force (torsional force) by the torsion bar 4, and this elastic force is rotated with respect to the driven rotating member 5.
- This is applied to the driven rotating member 5 as a driving force.
- the speed reducer 3 is a wave gear device such as a harmonic drive (registered trademark) in this embodiment, and has an elastic characteristic in a power transmission system between the input shaft 3a and the output shaft 3b.
- the elastic characteristic of the speed reducer 3 is higher than that of the torsion bar 4.
- torque (rotational driving force) actually transmitted from the electric motor 2 to the driven rotating member 5, that is, actually applied from the torsion bar 4 to the driven rotating member 5.
- the operation of the electric motor 2 is controlled so that the torque to be obtained becomes the target torque.
- a rotary encoder 10 mounted on the electric motor 2 and a differential encoder 11 disposed between the speed reducer 3 and the driven rotating member 5 are provided as sensors.
- a control device 12 including a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like.
- the rotary encoder 10 senses the rotation angle (the rotation amount from the reference rotation position) of the output shaft 2b of the electric motor 2, and outputs a signal corresponding to the rotation angle.
- the differential encoder 11 senses a rotational angle difference between the input side end 4a and the output side end 4b of the torsion bar 4 (that is, a torsion angle between both ends of the torsion bar 4). 11a and 11b. Then, the differential encoder 11 outputs a signal corresponding to a relative rotation angle between the disk 11a and the disk 11b (a rotation angle based on a state where the torsion bar 4 is not twisted) as the rotation angle difference. It outputs as a signal according to.
- the control device 12 receives detection signals of the rotary encoder 10 and the differential encoder 11 and sequentially inputs a target drive torque ⁇ ref that is a target value of the drive torque to be applied to the driven rotating member 5 from the outside. It has become. And the control apparatus 12 performs operation control of the electric motor 2 based on these inputs.
- control processing executed by the control device 12 The details of the control processing executed by the control device 12 will be described below.
- the secondary side angle measurement processing unit 21 that sequentially generates the measured value ⁇ 2_s of the secondary side rotation angle ⁇ 2, and the primary side / secondary side angle difference that is a deviation between the primary side rotation angle ⁇ 1 and the secondary side rotation angle ⁇ 2.
- the angle difference ⁇ def between the primary side and the secondary side is defined as a reference state when the torsion bar 4 is not twisted, and the angle difference ⁇ def between the primary side and the secondary side in the reference state is set to “0”. To do. Therefore, in the reference state, the primary side rotation angle ⁇ 1 and the secondary side rotation angle ⁇ 2 coincide with each other.
- control device 12 includes a primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 that sequentially generates an estimated value ⁇ 1_e of the primary side rotational angular velocity ⁇ 1 as the rotational angular velocity of the input side end 4 a of the torsion bar 4, and the rotational angular velocity of the driven rotary member 5.
- the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 that sequentially generates the estimated value ⁇ 2_s of the secondary rotational angular velocity ⁇ 2, the motor operation target determination unit 25 that sequentially determines the operation target that defines the operation of the electric motor 2, and the operation target Accordingly, a motor control unit 26 that controls the operation of the electric motor 2 is provided.
- the control device 12 sequentially executes the processing of each functional unit described above at a predetermined arithmetic processing cycle as described below.
- control device 12 first executes processing of the primary side angle measurement processing unit 20, the primary side / secondary side angle difference measurement processing unit 22, and the secondary side angle measurement processing unit 21.
- the detection signal of the rotary encoder 10 is input to the primary side angle measurement processing unit 20. Then, the primary side angle measurement processing unit 20 divides the rotation angle value of the output shaft 2b of the electric motor 2 that is directly recognized from the input detection signal by the reduction ratio R of the speed reducer 3. The primary rotation angle measurement value ⁇ 1_s is generated.
- the detection signal of the differential encoder 11 is input to the primary side / secondary side angle difference measurement processing unit 22. Then, the primary side / secondary side angle difference measurement processing unit 22 calculates the value of the rotation angle difference between the disks 11a and 11b directly recognized from the input detection signal as the primary side / secondary side. The rotation angle difference measurement value ⁇ def_s is generated.
- any two of the rotation angle or primary side rotation angle ⁇ 1 of the output shaft 2b of the electric motor 2, the rotation angle difference ⁇ def between the primary side and the secondary side, and the secondary side rotation angle ⁇ 2 are appropriately selected. If the sensor is used for sensing, the above three types of measured values ⁇ 1_s, ⁇ 2_s, and ⁇ def_s can be obtained from these sensing signals. Therefore, the combination of sensing objects for obtaining three types of measured values ⁇ 1_s, ⁇ 2_s, and ⁇ def_s is a combination other than the combination of the rotation angle of the output shaft 2b of the electric motor 2 and the rotation angle difference ⁇ def between the primary side and the secondary side. It may be.
- the primary side rotation angle ⁇ 1, the primary side / secondary side rotation angle difference ⁇ def, and the secondary side rotation angle ⁇ 2 may be individually sensed.
- the primary side angle measurement processing unit 20, the secondary side angle measurement processing unit 21, and the primary side / secondary side angle difference measurement processing unit 22 are respectively connected to the primary side displacement position measuring means in the present invention.
- the primary side rotation angle ⁇ 1, the secondary side rotation angle ⁇ 2, and the primary side-secondary side angle difference ⁇ def are respectively the primary side displacement position, the secondary side displacement position, the primary side / secondary side in the present invention.
- the primary side rotation angle ⁇ 1, the secondary side rotation angle ⁇ 2, and the primary side-secondary side angle difference ⁇ def are respectively the primary side displacement position, the secondary side displacement position, the primary side / secondary side in the present invention.
- the control device 12 executes processing of the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 and the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24.
- the estimation units 23 and 24 are configured such that the rotational driving force transmitted from the electric motor 2 to the driven rotating member 5 vibrates due to the elastic characteristics of the speed reducer 3 and the torsion bar 4, or the rotational driving force
- the primary side rotational angular velocity estimate ⁇ 1_e and the secondary side rotation are adjusted while adjusting the frequency component.
- the angular velocity estimated value ⁇ 2_e is sequentially generated.
- the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 is successively inputted with the latest value of the primary side rotation angle measurement value ⁇ 1_s from the primary side angle measurement processing unit 20 and the motor.
- the latest value of the target value ⁇ m_cmd (hereinafter referred to as target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd) of the output torque of the electric motor 2 as the power target parameter already generated by the control unit 26 in the control process (details will be described later) is sequentially input.
- the primary side angular velocity estimation part 23 produces
- the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 inputs the target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd of the electric motor 2 sequentially input from the motor control unit 26 to the filter 23a, and the filter 23a filters the target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd with the low-pass characteristic. Apply processing.
- the filter 23a is a low-pass filter whose transfer function is represented by 1 / (T ⁇ s + 1) (a low-pass filter whose time constant defining the cutoff frequency is T).
- the value of the time constant T is set to a time value shorter than time constants Td, Tw, Tp1, and Tp2 described later.
- the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 calculates a correction operation amount for correcting the output value of the filter 23a so that the deviation calculated by the calculation unit 23c converges to “0” by the feedback control law.
- a proportional law is used as the feedback control law. That is, the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 calculates a correction operation amount by executing, in the multiplication unit 23d, a process of multiplying the deviation calculated by the calculation unit 23c by a proportional gain Kobs of a predetermined value.
- the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 corrects the output value of the filter 23a by executing the processing of adding the correction operation amount to the output value of the filter 23a (filtering value of the target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd) by the calculation unit 23e. To do.
- This corrected value (the output value of the computing unit 23e) is an estimated value of the total input torque (estimated value of the output torque generated by the electric motor 2) for the rotating system in which the electric motor 2 and the speed reducer 3 are combined. It has a meaning.
- the predetermined value Jm is a constant value set in advance as an equivalent inertia moment of the rotating system in which the electric motor 2 and the speed reducer 3 are combined. Therefore, the output value of the multiplication unit 23f, which is a value proportional to the output value of the calculation unit 23e, has a meaning as an estimated value of the rotational angular acceleration of the output shaft 3b of the speed reducer 3.
- the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 executes a process of integrating the output value of the multiplication unit 23f by the integrator 23g, and generates the integration value as the primary side rotational angular velocity estimation value ⁇ 1_e.
- the first-order differential value is suppressed while suppressing excessive fluctuation (high-frequency fluctuation) as compared with the first-order differential value d ⁇ 1_s / dt of the primary-side rotation angle measurement value ⁇ 1_s by the processing of the primary-side angular velocity estimation unit 23 described above.
- the primary rotational angular velocity estimation value ⁇ 1_e is sequentially generated so as to follow d ⁇ 1_s / dt.
- the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 corresponds to the primary side displacement velocity estimation means in the present invention.
- the primary rotational angular velocity ⁇ 1 corresponds to the primary displacement velocity in the present invention.
- the filter 23a corresponds to the target power filtering means in the present invention.
- the target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd that is the input value of the filter 23a and the output value of the filter 23a correspond to the target power (or power target parameter) and the target power filtering value in the present invention, respectively.
- the differentiator 23b, the calculation unit 23c, the multiplication unit 23d, and the calculation unit 23e implement the correction means in the present invention.
- the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 includes the latest value of the secondary rotation angle measurement value ⁇ 2_s from the secondary side angle measurement processing unit 21 and the primary side / secondary side angle difference measurement processing unit 22, respectively.
- the latest value of the rotation angle difference measurement value ⁇ def_s between the primary side and the secondary side is sequentially input.
- the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 sequentially generates the secondary side angular velocity estimation value ⁇ 2_e from these input values by the process shown in the block diagram of FIG.
- the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 executes the processing of the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a.
- This secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a estimates the total input torque (acting force) acting on the driven rotating member 5, and estimates the rotational angular acceleration of the driven rotating member 5 generated by the input torque.
- a process of calculating an integral value obtained by integrating the values as a basic estimated value ⁇ 2_e0 of the secondary rotational angular velocity ⁇ 2 is executed.
- the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a inputs the secondary side rotation angle measurement value ⁇ 2_s sequentially input from the secondary side angle measurement processing unit 21 to the filtered second-order differential processing unit 24a1.
- the second-order differential processing unit 24a1 with filter calculates a value obtained by multiplying the second-order differential value d 2 ⁇ 2_s / dt 2 of ⁇ 2_s by a predetermined value Jl, and executes a process of performing a low-pass characteristic filtering process on the calculated value.
- the low-pass characteristic filtering process is a filtering process whose transfer function is represented by 1 / (Td ⁇ s + 1) (a low-pass characteristic filtering process in which the time constant defining the cutoff frequency is Td).
- the predetermined value Jl is a constant value set in advance as an equivalent moment of inertia of the driven rotating member 5 (including a load-side element that rotates integrally therewith). Therefore, second-order differential value d 2 ⁇ 2_s / dt 2 formed by multiplying a predetermined value Jl to the value of Shita2_s is a second-order differential value d 2 ⁇ 2_s / dt 2, the total acting on the driven rotating member 5 input It has a meaning as a value that is converted into a measured value of torque.
- the second-order differential processing unit 24a1 with filter performs low-pass characteristic filtering processing on the measured value of the input torque of the driven rotating member 5 obtained by converting the second-order differential value d 2 ⁇ 2_s / dt 2 of ⁇ 2_s. A filtering value will be generated.
- the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a adds a predetermined value Kspr to the primary side / secondary side rotation angle difference measurement value ⁇ def_s sequentially input from the primary side / secondary side angle difference measurement processing unit 22.
- the multiplication process is executed by the multiplication unit 24a2.
- the predetermined value Kspr is a value set in advance as a spring constant related to torsion of the torsion bar 4.
- the rotation angle difference measurement value ⁇ def_s (measurement value of the torsion angle of the torsion bar 4) between the primary side and the secondary side by the processing of the multiplication unit 24a2 is the elastic force torque generated by the torsion bar 4 due to the elastic deformation of the torsion. It is converted into the measured value.
- the output value of the multiplication unit 24a2 is referred to as an elastic force torque conversion value.
- the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a inputs the elastic force torque converted value to the filter 24a3, and performs low pass characteristic filtering processing on the elastic force torque converted value.
- the filter 24a3 is a filter whose transfer function is represented by 1 / (Td ⁇ s + 1), that is, a low-pass filter having the same characteristics as the filtering process of the second-order differential processing unit 24a1 with filter.
- the time constant Td in the second-order differential processing unit 24a1 with filter and the filter 24a3 is such that the cutoff frequency defined thereby is lower than the resonance frequency (natural frequency) corresponding to the elastic characteristics of the torsion bar 4.
- the frequency is set.
- the resonance frequency corresponding to the elastic characteristic of the speed reducer 3 is higher than the resonance frequency corresponding to the elastic characteristic of the torsion bar 4. Also becomes high frequency. Therefore, if the time constant Td is set as described above, as a result, the frequency components removed by the respective filtering processes of the filter-equipped second-order differential processing unit 24a1 and the filter 24a3 include the torsion bar 4 Not only the resonance frequency corresponding to the elastic characteristic but also the resonance frequency corresponding to the elastic characteristic of the speed reducer 3 is included.
- the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a executes a process of calculating the deviation between the output value of the filtered second-order differential processing unit 24a1 and the output value of the filter 24a3 in the calculation unit 24a4. Further, the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a executes a process of multiplying the deviation calculated by the calculation unit 24a4 by a gain Kd ( ⁇ 1) of a predetermined value in the multiplication unit 24a5. Then, the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a executes a process of adding the output value of the multiplication unit 24a5 to the elastic force torque converted value that is the output value of the multiplication unit 24a2 in the calculation unit 24a6.
- the output value of the multiplier 24a5 added to the elastic force torque converted value is an external force torque other than the elastic force torque acting on the driven rotating member 5 from the torsion bar 4 (including torque caused by frictional force). It has meaning as an estimated value. Therefore, the output value of the calculation unit 24a6 corresponds to the estimated value of the total input torque (acting force) acting on the driven rotating member 5.
- the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a calculates the rotation angular velocity of the driven rotating member 5 by integrating the output value of the multiplication unit 24a7 by the integrator 24a8, and uses this calculated value as the secondary side rotation angular velocity. Generated as the basic estimated value ⁇ 2_e0 of ⁇ 2.
- the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 further transmits the secondary side rotation angle measured value ⁇ 2_s to the differential processing unit with filter 24b. input.
- the differential processing unit with filter 24b calculates a first-order differential value d ⁇ 2_s / dt of ⁇ 2_s, and executes a process of performing a low-pass characteristic filtering process on the calculated value.
- the low-pass characteristic filtering process is a filtering process (low-pass characteristic filtering process in which the time constant defining the cutoff frequency is Tw) whose transfer function is represented by 1 / (Tw ⁇ s + 1).
- the time constant Tw of the filter 24b is set to a time value longer than the time constant Td of the filtered second-order differential processing unit 24a1 and the filter 24a3 of the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generation unit 24a in this embodiment. ing. Therefore, the cut-off frequency of the filter 24b is lower than the cut-off frequencies of the filter-equipped second-order differential processing unit 24a1 and the filter 24a3.
- the calculation unit 24c executes a process of calculating a deviation from the calculated previous value.
- the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 corrects the basic estimated value ⁇ 2_e0 (the output value of the integrator 24a8) so that the deviation calculated by the calculation unit 24c converges to “0” by the feedback control law.
- a correction operation amount is calculated.
- a proportional law is used as the feedback control law. That is, the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 calculates a correction operation amount by executing a process of multiplying the deviation by a proportional gain Kw having a predetermined value in the multiplication unit 24d.
- the secondary angular velocity estimation unit 24 corrects the basic estimated value ⁇ 2_e0 by executing a process of adding the correction operation amount to the basic estimated value ⁇ 2_e0 in the arithmetic unit 24e, and sets the corrected value to the second value. It is generated as the estimated value of the next rotational angular velocity ⁇ 2_e.
- the first order differential value is suppressed while suppressing excessive fluctuation (high frequency fluctuation) compared to the first order differential value d ⁇ 2_s / dt of the secondary side rotation angle measurement value ⁇ 2_s.
- the secondary side rotational angular velocity estimated value ⁇ 2_e is sequentially generated so as to follow d ⁇ 2_s / dt.
- the basic estimated value ⁇ 2_e0 is calculated in consideration of the influence of external force acting on the driven rotating member 5 other than the elastic force torque of the torsion bar 4. For this reason, stability and reliability of the secondary side rotational angular velocity estimation value ⁇ 2_e can be improved.
- the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 corresponds to the secondary side displacement velocity estimation means in the present invention.
- the secondary rotational angular velocity ⁇ 2 corresponds to the secondary displacement velocity in the present invention.
- the secondary side angular velocity basic estimated value generating unit 24a corresponds to the secondary side displacement velocity basic estimated value generating means in the present invention.
- the output value of the multiplication unit 24a2, the output value of the filter 24a3, the output value of the second-order differential processing unit 24a1 with filter, the output value of the calculation unit 24a4, and the output value of the calculation unit 24a6 are converted into elastic force in the present invention. It corresponds to the estimated value of the value, elastic force filtering value, acting force basic filtering value, force deviation, and driven element acting force.
- the filter 24b corresponds to the third filtering means in the present invention.
- the output value of the filter 24b corresponds to the secondary displacement speed filtering value in the present invention.
- control device 12 executes the processing of the primary angular velocity estimation unit 23 and the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 as described above, and then executes the processing of the motor operation target determination unit 25. To do.
- the motor operation target determination unit 25 is sequentially inputted with the primary side rotational angular velocity estimated value ⁇ 1_e and the secondary side rotational angular velocity estimated value ⁇ 2_e, and the driving torque (from the electric motor 2 side) to be applied to the driven rotary member 5
- a target driving torque ⁇ ref which is a target value of the driving torque to be applied from the torsion bar 4 to the driven rotating member 5, is sequentially input.
- the motor operation target value determination unit 25 determines an operation target that defines the operation of the electric motor 2 using these input values.
- this operation target is a target value that defines the rotational angular velocity of the output shaft 2b of the electric motor 2 in this embodiment.
- a value obtained by multiplying the primary side rotational angular velocity target value ⁇ 1_cmd by the reduction ratio R of the speed reducer 3 is the target value of the rotational angular velocity of the output shaft 2b of the electric motor 2.
- the motor operation target determination unit 25 sequentially determines the primary rotational angular velocity target value ⁇ 1_cmd as follows.
- the filter 25b is a low-pass filter whose transfer function is represented by Tpa / (Tp1 ⁇ s + 1) (including a process of multiplying the input value by the gain Tpa, and a time constant that defines the cutoff frequency is Tp1. ).
- the target drive torque ⁇ ref is a target value of the drive torque that acts on the driven rotating member 5 from the torsion bar 4, it has a meaning as a target value of the elastic force torque that the torsion bar 4 should generate.
- the motor operation target determination unit 25 calculates the rotation angle difference target value ⁇ def_cmd between the primary side and the secondary side calculated by the multiplication unit 25c as described above, and the measured rotation angle difference measured value ⁇ def_s between the primary side and the secondary side.
- the motor operation target determination unit 25 inputs the deviation ⁇ def calculated by the calculation unit 25d to the filter 25e, and performs a low-pass characteristic filtering process on the deviation ⁇ def.
- the filter 25e is a low-pass filter whose transfer function is represented by Tpb / (Tp2 ⁇ s + 1) (including a process of multiplying the input value by the gain Tpb, and a time constant that defines the cutoff frequency is Tpb. ).
- the time constants Tp1 and Tp2 of the filters 25b and 25e are set to time values shorter than the time constants Td and Tw in the secondary angular velocity estimation unit 24, and are defined by the respective time constants Tp1 and Tp2.
- the cutoff frequencies of the filters 25b and 25e are set to be lower than the resonance frequency corresponding to the elastic characteristics of the speed reducer 3.
- the values of the time constants Tp1 and Tp2 and the values of the gains Tpa and Tpb are set so that the functions similar to the phase lead compensation are realized by combining the filters 25b and 25e.
- the time constants Tp1 and Tp2 are set to different values so that Tp1> Tp2
- Tpa and Tpb are set to different values so that Tpa> Tpb.
- the motor operation target value determination unit 25 executes a process of adding the output values of the filters 25b and 25e by the calculation unit 25f. Further, the motor operation target determination unit 25 determines the primary rotational angular velocity target value ⁇ 1_cmd by executing, in the multiplication unit 25g, a process of multiplying the output value of the calculation unit 25f by a predetermined value gain Kcmp.
- the motor operation target determination unit 25 corresponds to the actuator operation target determination means in the present invention.
- the primary rotational angular velocity target value ⁇ 1_cmd corresponds to the operation target in the present invention.
- the filters 25b and 25e correspond to the first filtering means and the second filtering means in the present invention, respectively.
- the output value of the filter 25b corresponds to the first filtering value in the present invention
- the output value of the filter 25e corresponds to the second filtering value in the present invention.
- the target drive torque ⁇ ref corresponds to the target drive force in the present invention
- the output value of the multiplier 25c corresponds to the target value of the elasticity measurement amount in the present invention.
- the output value of the calculation unit 25f corresponds to the linear combination value in the present invention.
- the calculation unit 25d calculates the deviation ⁇ def between the target value ⁇ def_cmd of the rotation angle difference ⁇ def between the primary side and the secondary side and the measured rotation angle difference value ⁇ def_s between the primary side and the secondary side.
- the following may be used. That is, a value obtained by multiplying the target drive torque ⁇ ref and the primary / secondary rotation angle difference measurement value ⁇ def_s by a predetermined value Kspr as a spring constant of the torsion bar 4 (that is, ⁇ def_s is the elastic force torque of the torsion bar 4).
- the deviation is input to the filter 25e.
- the primary rotational angular velocity target value ⁇ 1_cmd is determined as an operation target that defines the operation of the electric motor 2.
- the target of the rotational angular velocity of the output shaft 2b of the electric motor 2 is determined. The value may be determined.
- the control device 12 executes processing of the motor control unit 26.
- the motor control unit 26 receives the primary side rotational angular velocity target value ⁇ 1_cmd and the primary side rotational angular velocity estimated value ⁇ 1_e sequentially from the motor operation target determination unit 25 and the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23, respectively,
- the secondary side rotation angle difference target value ⁇ def_cmd is input from the motor operation target determination unit 25.
- the motor control unit 26 controls the operation of the electric motor 2 using these input values.
- the motor control unit 26 executes a process of multiplying the input primary side / secondary side rotation angle difference target value ⁇ def_cmd by a predetermined gain Ktff in the multiplication unit 26 a, whereby the electric motor 2.
- a basic target value ⁇ m_ff that is a feedforward target value of output torque is determined.
- the motor control unit 26 determines a correction operation amount ⁇ m_fb for correcting the basic target value ⁇ m_ff so that the deviation ⁇ 1 calculated by the calculation unit 26 converges to “0” by the feedback control law.
- a proportional law is used as the feedback control law. That is, the motor control unit 26 determines the correction operation amount ⁇ m_fb by executing, in the multiplication unit 26c, a process of multiplying the deviation ⁇ 1 by the predetermined proportional gain Kv.
- the motor control unit 26 adds the correction operation amount ⁇ m_fb, which is the output value of the multiplication unit 26c, to the basic target value ⁇ _ff, which is the output value of the multiplication unit 26a (corrects the basic target value ⁇ _ff with the correction operation amount ⁇ m_fb).
- the processing unit 26 executes the processing) to determine a target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd that is a target value of the output torque of the electric motor 2.
- the target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd determined by the motor control unit 26 in this way is input to the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 as a power target parameter.
- the motor control unit 26 executes the process of multiplying the target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd determined as described above by a torque / current conversion coefficient Kti having a predetermined value in the multiplication unit 26e, thereby obtaining the target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd in the electric motor 2
- the current value is converted into a current command value Im_cmd which is a target value of the energization current of the child winding (not shown).
- the motor control unit 26 controls the energization current of the armature winding of the electric motor 2 by executing the processing of the current control unit 26f in accordance with the current command value Im_cmd. More specifically, the current control unit 26f detects the energization current of the armature winding of the electric motor 2 with a current sensor (not shown), and converges the detected value to the current command value Im_cmd. Feedback control is performed on the energization current of the second armature winding. As a result, the actual output torque of the electric motor 2 is controlled to coincide with the target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd.
- the process of the motor control unit 26 (or the process of the current control unit 26f of the motor control unit 26) is shorter than the processes of the function units 20 to 25 described above in the control device 12. It is executed at high speed in the arithmetic processing cycle.
- the motor control unit 26 corresponds to the actuator control means in the present invention.
- the power target parameter generating means in the present invention is realized by the processing of the multiplication unit 26a, the calculation unit 26b, and the multiplication unit 26c in the motor control unit 26.
- the target motor torque ⁇ m_cmd corresponds to the power target parameter.
- the primary side angular velocity estimation value ⁇ 1_e is prevented from excessively changing by the process of the primary side angular velocity estimation unit 23 as compared with the first-order differential value of the primary side rotational angle measurement value ⁇ 1_s. However, it is generated so as to follow the first-order differential value.
- the process of the secondary side angular velocity estimation unit 24 suppresses excessive fluctuation of the secondary side rotational angular velocity estimated value ⁇ 1_e as compared to the first-order differential value of the primary side rotational angle measured value ⁇ 1_s. Generated to follow the differential value.
- the frequency component on the high frequency side including the resonance frequency corresponding to the elastic characteristics of the speed reducer 3 and the torsion bar 4 is obtained by the filtering process of the second-order differential processing unit with filter 24a1, the filter 24a3, and the differential processing unit with filter 24b. Removed. For this reason, the frequency component is prevented from affecting the secondary side rotational angular velocity estimated value ⁇ 1_e.
- a filter 25e provides a low-pass characteristic to a deviation ⁇ def between the primary side / secondary side rotation angle difference target value ⁇ def_cmd obtained by converting the target drive torque ⁇ ref and the primary side / secondary side rotation angle difference measurement value ⁇ def_s.
- the primary rotational angular velocity target value ⁇ 1_cmd as the operation target of the electric motor 2 is determined according to the value.
- the cut-off frequencies of the filters 25b and 25e are appropriately set at different frequencies, and the gains of the filters 25b and 25e are appropriately set, so that the electric motor 2 transmits the driven rotary member 5.
- the primary rotational angular velocity target value ⁇ 1_cmd can be determined so that it is possible to effectively suppress the drive torque that vibrates due to the elastic characteristics of the speed reducer 3 and the elastic characteristics of the torsion bar 4.
- the actual driving torque applied to the driven rotating member 5 can be stably controlled to the target driving torque ⁇ ref with high robustness.
- FIG. 4A is a graph showing an example of torque control by the apparatus of this embodiment. More specifically, FIG. 6A shows the actual drive torque (actually applied to the driven rotating member 5) when the target drive torque ⁇ ref is changed stepwise as shown by the broken line in the drawing in the apparatus of this embodiment. The response waveform of the drive torque) is shown by a solid line.
- FIG. 5B shows the response waveform of the actual driving torque when the target driving torque ⁇ ref is changed in a step shape as shown by the broken line in the comparative example in the comparative example.
- the actual drive torque is simply feedback controlled to the target drive torque ⁇ ref.
- the feedback control law determines whether the primary rotational angular velocity target value ⁇ 1_cmd is input to the motor control unit 26, whereby energization control of the electric motor 2 is performed.
- the actual drive torque responds more quickly to the change in the target drive torque ⁇ ref than in the comparative example.
- the vibration of the actual driving torque is quickly attenuated and converges to the target driving torque ⁇ ref.
- the secondary side speed estimation unit 24 includes the secondary side angular speed basic estimation value generation unit 24a. However, this is omitted, and the secondary side rotational angular speed estimation value ⁇ 2_e is obtained as follows. You may make it produce
- the processing of the filtered second order differential processing unit 24a1, filter 24a3, calculation unit 24a4 and multiplication unit 24a5 is omitted (or the gain Kd in the multiplication unit 24a5 is set to “0”). May be set).
- the multiplication unit 24a7 and the integrator 24a8 are used.
- the basic estimated value ⁇ 2_e0 of the secondary side rotational angular velocity may be calculated.
- the driven element is the rotating member 5
- the driven element may be an element that performs translational motion.
- the first power transmission element for example, a speed reducer having a mechanism for converting a rotational driving force of a rotary actuator such as an electric motor into a translational force by a ball screw or the like can be used.
- the second power transmission element for example, a coil spring can be used.
- the actuator is not limited to an electric motor, and may be a hydraulic actuator, for example.
- the present invention described above is a power that transmits power to a driven element such as a joint of a robot such as a legged mobile robot through a power transmission element having elastic characteristics such as a wave gear device and a spring member. It can be used effectively in the device.
- DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power device 2 ... Electric motor (actuator), 3 ... Reduction gear (1st power transmission element), 4 ... Torsion bar (spring member, 2nd power transmission element), 5 ... Driven rotation member (driven element), DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Control apparatus, 20 ... Primary side angle measurement process part (primary side displacement position measurement means), 21 ... Secondary side angle measurement process part (secondary side displacement position measurement means), 22 ... Between primary side and secondary side Angular difference measurement processing unit (primary side / secondary side displacement difference measuring unit), 23... Primary side angular velocity estimating unit (primary side displacement rate estimating unit), 23 a... Filter (target power filtering unit), 23 b. Correction means), 23c...
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Abstract
Description
前記第2動力伝達要素の入力部の実際の変位位置の計測値を示す出力を生成する一次側変位位置計測手段と、
前記被動要素の実際の変位位置の計測値を示す出力を生成する二次側変位位置計測手段と、
前記第2動力伝達要素の入力部の実際の変位位置と前記被動要素の実際の変位位置との差である一次側・二次側間変位差の計測値を示す出力を生成する一次側・二次側間変位差計測手段と、
前記第2動力伝達要素の入力部の実際の変位速度である一次側変位速度の推定値を、少なくとも前記一次側変位位置の計測値に基づいて生成する一次側変位速度推定手段と、
前記被動要素の実際の変位速度である二次側変位速度の推定値を、少なくとも前記二次側変位位置の計測値に基づいて生成する二次側変位速度推定手段と、
前記二次側変位速度の計測値と前記一次側変位速度の計測値との偏差にローパス特性のフィルタリング処理を施してなる第1フィルタリング値を生成する第1フィルタリング手段と、
前記一次側・二次側間変位差の計測値と該一次側・二次側間変位差の計測値を前記第2動力伝達要素が発生する弾性力に換算してなる弾性力換算値とのうちのいずれか一方である弾性計測量の値と、前記目標駆動力により規定される該弾性計測量の目標値との偏差にローパス特性のフィルタリング処理を施してなる第2フィルタリング値を生成する第2フィルタリング手段と、
前記第1フィルタリング値と第2フィルタリング値との線形結合値に応じて前記アクチュエータの動作を規定する動作目標を決定するアクチュエータ動作目標決定手段と、
前記決定された動作目標に応じて前記アクチュエータの動作を制御するアクチュエータ制御手段とを備えたことを特徴とする(第1発明)。
Claims (6)
- アクチュエータと、該アクチュエータの動力出力部に入力部が連結された弾性特性を有する第1動力伝達要素と、該第1動力伝達要素の出力部に入力部が連結され、該入力部に付与される動力を弾性力に変換して出力する第2動力伝達要素と、該第2動力伝達要素の出力部に連結され、前記アクチュエータから第1動力伝達要素及び第2動力伝達要素を介して伝達される駆動力によって運動動作を行なう被動要素とを備え、前記第1動力伝達要素が第2動力伝達要素よりも高剛性の弾性特性を有する動力装置において、前記被動要素にアクチュエータから実際に付与される駆動力を目標駆動力に制御する制御装置であって、
前記第2動力伝達要素の入力部の実際の変位位置の計測値を示す出力を生成する一次側変位位置計測手段と、
前記被動要素の実際の変位位置の計測値を示す出力を生成する二次側変位位置計測手段と、
前記第2動力伝達要素の入力部の実際の変位位置と前記被動要素の実際の変位位置との差である一次側・二次側間変位差の計測値を示す出力を生成する一次側・二次側間変位差計測手段と、
前記第2動力伝達要素の入力部の実際の変位速度である一次側変位速度の推定値を、少なくとも前記一次側変位位置の計測値に基づいて生成する一次側変位速度推定手段と、
前記被動要素の実際の変位速度である二次側変位速度の推定値を、少なくとも前記二次側変位位置の計測値に基づいて生成する二次側変位速度推定手段と、
前記二次側変位速度の計測値と前記一次側変位速度の計測値との偏差にローパス特性のフィルタリング処理を施してなる第1フィルタリング値を生成する第1フィルタリング手段と、
前記一次側・二次側間変位差の計測値と該一次側・二次側間変位差の計測値を前記第2動力伝達要素が発生する弾性力に換算してなる弾性力換算値とのうちのいずれか一方である弾性計測量の値と、前記目標駆動力により規定される該弾性計測量の目標値との偏差にローパス特性のフィルタリング処理を施してなる第2フィルタリング値を生成する第2フィルタリング手段と、
前記第1フィルタリング値と第2フィルタリング値との線形結合値に応じて前記アクチュエータの動作を規定する動作目標を決定するアクチュエータ動作目標決定手段と、
前記決定された動作目標に応じて前記アクチュエータの動作を制御するアクチュエータ制御手段とを備えたことを特徴とする動力装置の制御装置。 - 請求項1記載の動力装置の制御装置において、
前記第1動力伝達要素は減速機であり、前記第2動力伝達要素はばね部材であることを特徴とする動力装置の制御装置。 - 請求項1記載の動力装置の制御装置において、
前記二次側変位速度推定手段は、前記二次側変位位置の計測値の1階微分値にローパス特性のフィルタリング処理を施してなる値を前記二次側変位速度の推定値として生成する手段であることを特徴とする動力装置の制御装置。 - 請求項1記載の動力装置の制御装置において、
少なくとも前記一次側・二次側間変位差の計測値に基づいて、前記被動要素に実際に作用している力である被動要素作用力を推定し、該被動要素作用力の推定値の積分値に比例する値を前記二次側変位速度の基本推定値として生成する二次側変位速度基本推定値生成手段と、
前記二次側変位位置の計測値の1階微分値にローパス特性のフィルタリング処理を施してなる値である二次側変位速度フィルタリング値を生成する第3フィルタリング手段とを
備え、
前記二次側変位速度推定手段は、前記二次側変位位置フィルタリング値と生成済の二次側変位速度の推定値との偏差に応じて、フィードバック制御則により該偏差を“0”に収束させるように前記二次側変位速度の基本推定値の補正操作量を算出し、その補正操作量により該基本推定値を補正してなる値を二次側変位速度の推定値として生成する手段であることを特徴とする動力装置の制御装置。 - 請求項4記載の動力装置の制御装置において、
前記二次側変位速度基本推定値生成手段は、
前記一次側・二次側間変位差の計測値を前記第2動力伝達要素が発生する弾性力に換算してなる弾性力換算値を生成する手段と、
該弾性力換算値にローパス特性のフィルタリング処理を施してなる弾性力フィルタリング値と、前記二次側変位位置の計測値の2階微分値を前記被動要素に作用している力に換算してなる値にローパス特性のフィルタリング処理を施してなる作用力基本フィルタリング値との偏差である力偏差を算出する手段と、
前記力偏差に応じて前記弾性力換算値を補正することによって前記被動要素作用力の推定値を算出する手段とを備えることを特徴とする動力装置の制御装置。 - 請求項1記載の動力装置の制御装置において、
前記動作目標を実現するために、前記アクチュエータの動力出力部から出力すべき目標動力を規定する動力目標パラメータを少なくとも該動作目標に応じて生成する動力目標パラメータ生成手段と、
該動力目標パラメータにより規定される目標動力にローパス特性のフィルタリング処理を施してなる目標動力フィルタリング値を生成する目標動力フィルタリング手段と、
前記一次側変位位置の計測値の1階微分値と生成済の前記位置側変位速度の推定値との偏差に応じて、該偏差をフィードバック制御則により“0”に収束させるように前記目標動力フィルタリング値の補正操作量を算出し、該補正操作量により該目標動力フィルタリング値を補正する補正手段とを備え、
前記一次側変位速度推定手段は、該補正手段による前記目標動力フィルタリング値の補正後の値の積分値に比例する値を前記一次側変位速度の推定値として生成する手段であることを特徴とする動力装置の制御装置。
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