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TWI222833B - A device and system for in vivo imaging - Google Patents

A device and system for in vivo imaging Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI222833B
TWI222833B TW091122442A TW91122442A TWI222833B TW I222833 B TWI222833 B TW I222833B TW 091122442 A TW091122442 A TW 091122442A TW 91122442 A TW91122442 A TW 91122442A TW I222833 B TWI222833 B TW I222833B
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Taiwan
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transmitter
imaging camera
patent application
scope
cmos imaging
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Gavriel Iddan
Dov Avni
Arkady Glukhovsky
Gavriel Meron
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Given Imaging Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A61B1/041—Capsule endoscopes for imaging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/56—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
    • A61B1/00011—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by signal transmission
    • A61B1/00016—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by signal transmission using wireless means
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    • A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
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    • A61B1/00027—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by power management characterised by power supply
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    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0607—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for annular illumination
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
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    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
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    • A61B1/273—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the upper alimentary canal, e.g. oesophagoscopes, gastroscopes
    • A61B1/2733—Oesophagoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B1/273—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the upper alimentary canal, e.g. oesophagoscopes, gastroscopes
    • A61B1/2736—Gastroscopes
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    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/31—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the rectum, e.g. proctoscopes, sigmoidoscopes, colonoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B5/0031—Implanted circuitry
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    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B5/07—Endoradiosondes
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14539—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue for measuring pH
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03828—Arrangements for spectral shaping; Arrangements for providing signals with specified spectral properties
    • H04L25/03866—Arrangements for spectral shaping; Arrangements for providing signals with specified spectral properties using scrambling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/51—Housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/555—Constructional details for picking-up images in sites, inaccessible due to their dimensions or hazardous conditions, e.g. endoscopes or borescopes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/66—Remote control of cameras or camera parts, e.g. by remote control devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
    • H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • H04N7/183—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source
    • H04N7/185—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source from a mobile camera, e.g. for remote control
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/02—Operational features
    • A61B2560/0204—Operational features of power management
    • A61B2560/0209—Operational features of power management adapted for power saving

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
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Description

1222833 A7
本發明關於一種活體成傻获 ㈣。 风像裝置及线，諸如用於成像消 發明背景 習知的活體量測系統係内診鏡，其通常用來提供上或下 胃腸管的成像。然巾’内診鏡不能提供小腸整個長度圖型 。此外’其令人感到不舒適、會導致病人受傷且操作複雜。 可吞服電子式職透過消化行為移動通過消化管，且收 集資料並傳送資料至―習知的接收系統，—種此範例係 H^delberg”膠囊。然而另一範例係揭露於第5，⑽，叫號 美國專利的膠囊。這些膠囊可使用於量測整個腸的阳值 、溫度及壓力。 發明概論 本發明裝置及系統能夠得到來自身體内腔或腔之活體的 成像，諸如胃腸（GI)管整個長度的成像。該裝置及系統包 含一互補金屬氧化物半導體（CM〇s)成像照相機的成像系 統。該裝置同時包含一超低功率射頻（RF)發射器，用於發 射來自該CMOS成像照相機的信號至一接收系統。 " 該CMOS成像照相機係一超低功率成像器，對於紅色光 譜具有低靈敏度，且提供晶片大小的包裝（csp)。該發射 器係一具有高頻寬輸入之超低功率RF發射器，其可提供 於晶片大小的包裝。 由本發明裝置及系統的成像系統所成的高積體化及低功 率消耗在CMOS科技進步前係不可能得到的。再者，用於 -4 -
O:\80\80574-930419.DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1222833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ ） 影像信號之超低功率、高頻寬輸入發射器係未知的技藝。 同時，CSP之RF產品在先前係尚未揭露之技藝。 再者，該成像系統可使用一個白色光發射二極體（Led) 作為光源’而非紅色白熱小型燈泡或現在技藝所使用的 RGB LED。該白色LED能產生高品質及更另人滿意的眼睛 成像。 因此，其提供如本發明實施例之活體成像裝置。該裝置 由至少一個產生影像輸出，較佳為數位輸出的成像系統及 一發射該影像輸出至接收系統之發射器所組成。 該成像系統包括一 CMOS成像照相機、至少一個照明活 體位置之照明光源，及一個用於成像該活體位置於CM〇s 成像照相機上的光學系統。 該照明光源可為一白色led。名詞“白色LED”如在此所 稱乎係關於一藍色LED晶片（發射光在藍色光譜範圍）及一 折射晶體的組合。該藍色LED晶片裝入折射晶體中，使得 入射晶體的藍色光以不同光譜發射，藉以產生白色光。由 該折射晶體所放射的白色光具有一小部份紅光，及一相當 小、幾乎不存在的部份紅外（IR)光。 該照明光源可為特定積合光源，其中一折射晶體矩陣具 有複數藍色LED晶片整合其中。 4裝置組件隱藏於具有一光學窗口的外殼中。該外殼結 構用於插置及通過身體内腔或内部。 如本發明實施例，另外提供係一用於活體成像之系統， 其包括一個產生影像輸出，較佳為數位輸出之成像系統；
1222833 發明説明 一個發射成像系統影像輸出的發射器；及一用於接收所發 射影像輸出的接收系統。該成像系統由一 CMOS成像照相 機、一種用於照明活體位置的照明光源，及一種用於成像 該活體位置至該CM0S成像照相機的光學系統。 該系統可進一步包含一種能圍繞身體，且包含一個或複 數天線’用於接收所發射影像輸出及用於產生複數接收信 號的天線陣列。另外該系統可包括一能轉換複數接收影像 仏说成為單一影像資料流的解調變器。該系統也可包含一 貧料處理系統，其產生執跡及來自該單一資料流的影像資 料。 該接收系統及資料處理器典型地位於病人外側。 選擇性地，該系統也能包括一種用於間歇性地操作該發 射器的裝置。 在本發明實施例中，該裝置係一可呑服膠囊，其具有一 光學窗口及包含一用於得到該GI管整個長度之活體的成像 系統，及一發射該所得到成像至接收系統的發射器。 該成像系統由一CMOS成像照相機、一白色lEE)及一用 於成像GI管位置至該CM0S成像照相機之透鏡所組成。該 可吞服膠囊也包括一包含能源，用於提供該膠囊電元件整 體能量。 另外，如本發明實施例所提供係一發射器，用於發射 RF信號至一接收系統。由一常開（N〇)開關所控制的發射 器，包括一用於控制該照明的控制單元，及本發明裝置的 成像器。 、 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC . Q . 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) A7 B7 4 五、發明説明（ 該N 0開關係由一保持開關閉合之外部磁鐵所控制而 2係接近該開關。然而…内部單元維持—開路開關的邏 香以便雖然外部磁鐵出現時，保持該發射器電路及所有 多囊主要次系統不動作。移除外部磁鐵使得開關打開，且 =單it閉合，藉此容許發射器電路及膠囊主要次系統被 進-步提供係-用於得到活體成像之方法。該方法包括 步驟為：照明活體的位置；收集間歇性之光線至 像照相機的像素，藉此產生一類比信號；處理及轉換該類 二“吕號成為一數位信號；發射該數位信號至接收系統；及 处理所發射彳§號用以得到活體位置的成像。 圖式簡單說明 本發明將由下列詳系說明以及相關附圖而能完全地認知 及瞭解，其中： 圖1係一如本發明實施例之活體成像裝置的概略縱向截 面圖； 圖2係如本發明實施例之CMOS成像照相機的概圖； #圖3係-如本發明實施例裝置包括特定積體照明光源的 橫截面概圖； 圖4係一如本發明發射器的方塊圖；及 圖5係一如本發明實施例之方法的方塊圖。 發明詳細說明 本發明裝置及系統係用於觀看身體内腔或内部，及用於 發射至少活體資料。
O:\80\80574-930419. DOC I紙張尺度適财㈣轉準(CNS) 1222833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ 現在參考圖1，其圖示如本發明實施例之裝置及其组件 。裝置10典型地包含一光學窗口21及一用於得到來自、身體 内腔内部’諸如GI管成像之成像系統。該成像系統包括一 照明光源23，諸如一白色LED ; _CM〇s成像照相機24 , 其檢測影像；及一光學系統22，其聚焦該成像至（：1^〇3成 像照相機24。該照明光源23透過光學窗口 21照明身體内腔 的内部。裝置ίο進一步包括一發射器26及一天線27，其用 於發射CMOS成像照像機24的影像信號，及一電源25;'諸 如氧化銀電池，其提供電力至裝置1〇的電氣元件。 其將瞭解複數CMOS成像照相機可使用於本發明裝置及 系統中。各CMOS成像照像機可包括其本身光學系統，及 如該衣置或糸統特疋需求之一或多個照明光源。 由該CMOS照相機24所得到的成像發射至一接收系統（未 表示），其也可包括一資料處理單元。該接收系統及資料 處理早元典型地位於一病人外側。 該裝置10係膠囊外型，能輕易地吞服，且經由自然蠕動 的推擠，可被動地通過整個GI管。 雖此，其必須瞭解該裝置可為任何型式，其插置進入且 通過身體内腔或内部。再者，本發明裝置可連接或附著於 一儀器上，其係插入身體内腔或内部，諸如在一内診鏡、' 腹腔鏡、展幅器、針、導尿管，等等。 ^兄 如此，該裝置可藉由呑服、利用内診鏡裝置、外科手術 等引入身體内腔或内部。 一種適合CMOS成像照相機24例如係一由以色列
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Yokneam給定成像有限公司所指定“單晶片照相機，，型 CMOS成像器，且同時係由美國加州光位元公司所設計， 其具有整合動作像素及後處理電路（其將進一步說明於圖 2)。該單一晶片照相機能提供黑白或彩色信號。 該CMOS成像照相機24之設計係使得其比已知CMOS照 相機在紅色光譜中對於光較不敏感。 光學系統22包含至少一透鏡及選擇性地鏡面及/或稜鏡 ，用於收集及對準間歇性之光至CM〇S成像照相機24的像 素上。典型地，該光學系統包含一非球面聚焦透鏡。適合 透鏡係例如由以色列之給定成像有限公司，依據特定目標 平面、失真及解析參數所設計的透鏡。 照明光源23，透過光學窗口 2丨，發射照明至身體内腔壁 面。該光學系統22透鏡接著聚焦間歇性之光線至該cM〇s 成像照相機24的像素上。 單或複數光源或特定整合光源可如特定成像需求， 諸如避免散射光等的使用與定位。另外，光學窗口 21可如 裝置外型及特定成像需求定位及定型。例如，當光學窗口 21形成用以定義一橢圓外型圓頂且該CM〇s成像晶片照相 機系統24及照明光源23位於接近由該光學圓頂所定義之聚 焦平面外型時，能得到最佳的成像條件。所得到上述成像 條件係揭露於第W0 00/76391號專利，其指定為本發明共 同讓授人，且其在此完整地納為參考。 " 本發明成像之影進影像出位置通常非常接近成像器。例 如，一 11x3Omm膠囊，其通過及成像該小腸，將成像來自
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一非常紐距離的腸壁。其因此可能滿足利用固態照明光源 ’諸如LED之成像程序的照明需求。 在本發明實施例中，照明光源係一白色LED。由白色 LED所發射的白色光具有小部份紅光且甚至小部份IR光。 因此，因為矽敏感於紅色及IR光，一白色LED有益使用於 石夕基成像感測器（諸如CMOS成像照相機）。 在包括本發明CMOS成像照相機的系統中，以其對於紅 色光譜中光線降低的靈敏度及一白色Led照明光源，不需 要IR反射濾波器（光學濾波器）。 一適合發射器可包含接收來自CMOS成像照相機影像信 號的調變器、一射頻（RF)放大器、一阻抗匹配器及一天線 。遠發射器將進一步如圖4所示。 該系統其它選擇性組件及用於區域化包含該系統之膠囊 於消化系統内的方法可相同於揭露自第5,6〇4,531號美國專 利（其係指定為本發明共同讓授人且其係在此完整地納為 參考）。 裝置10能額外地包括量測pH值、溫度、壓力等的感測 器元件。這些感測器元件，一些揭露於先前技藝，可為任 何適合量測身體内腔（例如，小腸系統）中的一般條件，且 其可能附加至或包括於裝置中。 現在參考圖2，其中該CMOS成像照相機概略配置被提 出。該CMOS成像照相機200包含動作像素及後處理電路於 單一晶片上。該CMOS成像照相機200包括光電管202 (該 CMOS成像照相機之像素）、相關雙重取樣器（CDS) 204、 -10-
O:\80\80574-930419. DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1222833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ 類比至數位（A/D)轉換器206、編碼及隨機化單元2〇8及控 制及同步電路元件之計時產生器21〇。 由:光學系統所收集的光導引至CM〇s成像照相機2〇〇 ，且當該光線由光電管2〇2所吸收時，光子轉換為電子。 電子轉換為電流且一類比信號由動作像素電路產生。該類 比信號被輸送用於單晶片後處理電路進一步處理。該信號 進一步由CDS 204處理。CDS 204實行相關雙重取樣，在 傳輸信號至A/D轉換器206前，取消雜訊及信號外型。該 A/D轉換器206係一 A/D轉換的串列輸出，其致使串列低功 率信號發射。該信號轉換成為一數位信號且進一步傳輸至 編碼及隨機化單元208，用於定義晝面及列參數（編碼）及 用於準備好發射（隨機化）信號。該編碼及隨機化單元2〇8 隨機化數位“0”及“1”信號的產生，使得發射不會被一種重 新產生信號所阻止。 該CMOS成像照相機2〇〇係由以色列Y〇kneam給定成像有 限公司所指定’且由美國加州光位元公司，依據調整活體 成像規定來設計。該CM0S像晶片具有超低功率需求（少於 3毫瓦）。增加由該成像照相機所產生暗流之動態性，其為 一溫度函數，係少於習知技藝固態裝置者，使得在37。〇 一 少部份輸出影像信號為暗流。再者，該成像照相機已對於 紅色光譜中的光線降低靈敏度，且減緩對於光學濾波器的 需要。 現在參考圖3，其中圖示一用於活體成像裝置，其包含 一特定積合光源。裝置300包含CMOS成像照相機302 ; — -11 -
O:\80\80574-930419. DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公爱) 1222833 A7
光學系統（未表示）用於成像活體成像至該CMOS成像照像 機302，且一積合光源3〇4用於照明活體的位置。該裝置 300進-步包括一發射器3〇5，，用於發射來自成像照相機 3〇2一的影像資料至一接收器（未表示）。該發射器3〇5產生 同電壓及用於光源304的電流源。該積合光源3〇4透過導 線301連接至發射器3〇5。該裝置電組件係由包含在裝置（ 未表示）内之電池所供電。 該積合光源304包含一圍繞該CM〇s成像照相機3〇2之折 射晶體矩陣的束帶306。包裝在束帶306折射晶體矩陣内的 藍色LED晶片308，係沿著該束帶306定位，使得照明沿該 CMOS成像照相機302提供於一環件中。 藍色LED晶片308也能撒布整個束帶30ό，使得整個束帶 306發光。 現在參考圖4，其中圖示該發射器的方塊圖。該發射器 400 ’為完成國際通信標準（諸如FCC標準）所設計之ASIC ，操作於最小轉換鍵控（MSK)調變系統，用以透過射頻之 天線426及427，產生數位信號發射至一接收系統。該發射 器400同時控制本發明裝置的照明及成像器，及開關的邏 輯轉換（如上述）。該發射器400包括一與外部程控輸入428 溝通的程控單元408，一控制邏輯部401用於溝通成像器， 一相位鎖定迴路（PLL) 402與調變器425相連繫，選擇性地 ，一 LED功率及控制區塊403用於控制該照明，一主振盪 器404及一控制内部電子開關406的開關405。 該控制邏輯部40 1連繫該成像器，讀取程控參數且以程 -12-
O:\80\80574-930419.DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1222833 A7
控核式實灯對外部’’世界的連繫。控制邏輯時鐘脈衝侦 維持-與位1速率資料412及晝面速率413之主時鐘脈衝， t透過成像器所產生之控制器4 11觸發L E D功率且控制時 鐘脈衝403。控制邏輯時鐘脈衝術進一步控制主時鐘脈衝 4 14及成像器關閉4 1 5。 於關閉』間β亥發射器僅送出信標信號。該關閉致使該裝 置電源供應的經濟用途。例如，纟_設計用於成像該小勝 的裝置中，該發射器4〇〇可程控包括一小時延遲，於此期 間，產生成像器及其它裝置電子電路的關閉。在特別病人 中，二小時係約花費一吞服裝置通過胃及進入小腸的時間 。因此，在那些病人中，僅當該裝置已達到小腸時，該裝 置將使用電池電力來收集成像。 該PLL 402係一預計自動修正發射頻率中漂移的回授系 統。PLL 402包括一預先脈衝計數器424，用於快速頻率分 配’但並非依據頻道頻率。該預先時鐘脈衝計數器424與 刀配器421連繫’該分配器區分振盈器404的頻率，用以 實行PLL的參考頻率。該分配值係與頻道有關。該pLL 402也包括一相位頻率檢測器（pfd) 422用於實行頻率比較 及PLL相位比較，及一充電泵浦423用於實行整個迴路之 迴路發射的外型。 LED功率及控制區塊403包括一由外部電容43 1所控制的 冋電壓源432。LED功率及控制區塊403也包括'一高電流源 433及由該電阻所控制之LEDs峰值電流值，該電阻係連接 至 LedRes 43 5 〇 -13-
O:\80\80574-930419.DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1222833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（11 该發射器400係由一外部磁鐵開關4〇5所控制。該開關 405係由外部磁鐵所閉合之常開（N〇)開關，如上述。開關 405控制一内部電子開關4〇6，其控制所有裝置電子電路。 電子開關406包括一低_電電路用α轉換該N〇開關4〇5的 邈輯至‘‘常閉’’（NC)邏輯，使得雖然該關4〇5係一 N〇開關， 當其閉合時，其將保持發射器不動作。 该低漏電電路每年僅使用電池電力的1 %-3%，使得該内 部電子開關406在裝置功率管理中不是一重要因數。 在本發明實施例中，該裝置係一可吞服膠囊，其具有一 光學窗口，且包含一 CM〇s成像照相機、白色LEDs、一光 學系統、一發射器及電池。當包含在一具有一磁鐵包裝， 諸如揭露於pct申請案IL00/00752 (其係指定為本發明共 同讓授人且在此納為參考）之磁性包裝中，該可吞服膠囊 保持不動作。正好在使用具有磁鐵之包裝被移除前，致使 該開關405打開，藉此致動該發射器，且使其起動成像器 及照明操作。 ° 發射器400中資訊之輸入頻寬係超過每秒135百萬位元 。此一低功率高輸入頻寬發射器，用於發射影像資料，尚 未表示於技藝中。 現在參考圖5，其中圖示本發明方法之方塊圖。活體的 方法包括下列步驟：照明活體位置（5〇2);收集間歇性之 光至一 CMOS成像照相機之像素上，藉此產生一類比信號 (5 04);轉換該類比信號至一數位信號（5〇6);隨機化該數 位心號（5 0 8),發射該數位信號至一接收系統（51 〇)及處理 -14-
O:\80\80574-930419.D0C I紙張尺度適用中S ϋ家標準(CNS) A4規格(21GX 297公D ~~ ------— 1222833 A7 B7
To '— --- 五、發明説明（ ） 該發射信號用以得到活體位置的成像（5 12)。 照明步驟（502)較佳經使用白色LEDs以照明該活體位置來 完成。照明可連續或如本系統特定需求來變換。 收集來自活體位置所間歇性之之光線（5〇4)，且導引其 至一 CMOS成像晶片之像素上係由使用包含一透鏡及進一 步可包含任何適合對準鏡之光學系統來達成。 類比信號至數位信號（506)之轉換較佳產生於一串列方 式。 貫行隨機化該數位信號（508)，換言之隨機化該數位信 號（“0”及“1”）的產生，使得該發射不會由一型式重新產生 信號所阻止。 信號（510)的發射係利用射頻（約432 — 434%1^)以每秒二 至八晝面速率至連接病人身體的天線陣列來達成。該天線 容許成像捕捉且同時用來計算及指示病人身體中成像的位 置。病人身體成像位置之計算及指示範例係提供於上述第 5,604,531號美國專利。 信號（5 12)處理能利用處理器及軟體完成。例如，該 RAPID軟體（由以色列Y〇kneam給定成像公司所發展及擁有 的正當軟體）係用於得到來自GI管内所捕捉成像的影像剪 輯。遠影像剪輯能與成像裝置執道同步，當其通過GI管時 用以致使該裝置定位於GI管。 此外，複數接收天線能使用於其能移動至致使最佳接收 條件的位置。 該成像能儲存在一小型可攜式記錄器上，其能裝在一皮 -15-
O:\80\80574-930419. DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1222833 A7 B7 五 、發明説明（ 帶及後續地下載用於分析及取回。此外，該接收器能直接 地連接至固定資料接收器。 實驗可由一 11x30 mm包含CMOS成像晶片及小型處理器 之膠囊、白色LED光源、一短焦距長度透鏡及一小型發射 器及天線來完成。由氧化銀電池驅動的膠囊被呑服，且來 自胃腸超過5小時連續記錄成像被達成。 良好品質影像成像的現場發射可得自一醫療犬達6小時 週期。 經由道德委員會的准許，實行一人類自願者的研究。輕 易地呑服該膠囊。由胃物及小腸可得到移動成像。不會= 信號 強度的 三角分析容許連續監視 的 成像能成功 地在2小時完成。 習於 此技者將瞭解本發明不限制 於 說 明， 而本發 明範圍係僅由下面申 請 元件符 號說明 10 、300 成像系統（裝置） 21 光學窗口 22 光學系統 23 照明光源 24 、200 、302 CMOS成像照相機 25 電源 26 、305 、400 發射器 的位置。小碗狀 示及上面所 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC -16- 1222833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ 14 ) 27、426、427 天線 202 光電管 204 雙重取樣器 206 轉換器 208 編碼及隨機化單元 210 計時產生器 301 導線 304 積合光源 306 折射束帶 308 藍色LED晶片 401 控制邏輯部 402 相位鎖定迴路 403 LED功率及控制區塊 404 振盪器 405 外部磁鐵開關 406 内部電子開關 408 程控單元 411 控制器 412 位元速率資料 413 畫面速率 414 主時鐘脈衝 415 成像器關閉 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC -17- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1222833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ 15 ) 421 分配器 422 相位頻率檢測器 423 充電泵浦 424 預先時鐘脈衝計數器 425 調變器 428 外部程控輸入 431 外部電容 432 高電壓源 433 南電流源 435 鉛電阻 502 照明步驟 504 產生一類比信號 506 轉換一信號 508 隨機化一信號 510 發射一信號 512 處理一信號 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC -18- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公爱)

Claims (1)

  1. C8 D8 申請專利範圍 • I種活體成像裝置，包含至少一CMOS成像照相機、至 少一照明光源用於照明活體位置、一光學系統用於成像 該活體位置至該CM〇s成像照相機上，及一發射器用於 發射該CMOS成像照相機的影像輪出。 2 ·如申凊專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該CMOS成像照相 機包含動作像素電路。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第2項之裝置，其中該CMOS成像照相 機包含一相關雙重取樣器，用於處理一由該動作像素電 路所產生的類比信裝。 4.如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該CMOS成像照像 機包含一具有串列輸出之類比至數位轉換器。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該CMOS成像照相 機包含一編碼及隨機化單元，用於定義晝面及列參數， 且準備好發射的數位信號。 6 ·如申晴專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該CMOS成像照相 機包含 動作像素電路，該電路產生一類比信號； 一相關雙重取樣器，用於處理由該動作像素電路所產 生的類比信號； 一類比至數位轉換器，具有串列輸出，用於轉換該類 比信號至數位信號；及 一編碼及隨機化單元，用於定義畫面及列參數，及用 於準備好該發射數位信號。 7 .如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該cmos成像照相 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC _ ^ _ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(21〇 χ 297公釐)
    申請專利範圍
    機係一超低功率照相 ， 降低的靈敏度。 ， 對於紅色光譜中的光線具有 8·如申請專利範圍第丨 色LED。 、之衣置，其中該照明光源係一白 9·如申請專利範圍第丨 ,,a ^ 貝之裝置，其中該照明光源包含〆 折射晶體矩陣，直I古E ^ /、，、有至^、一藍色LED晶片整合在其中。 10·如申晴專利範圍第罢 / 貝之裝置，其中該光學系統包含一 非球面聚焦頭鏡。 女申明專利圍第!0項之裝置，其中該光學系統進一步 包含至少一準直儀，用於收集間歇性之光線。 12=申請專利範圍第丨項之裝置，其中該發射器包含一内 電子開關，用於轉換一常開開關的邏輯至一常閉邏輯。 13·如申凊專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該發射器包含一控 制區塊，用於控制該CM〇s成像照相機。 14·如申請專利範圍第丨3項之裝置·，其中該控制區塊進一步 控制照明光源。 15· —種可吞服膠囊，用於胃腸管之活體成像，該膠囊具有 一光學窗口及包含 至少一CMOS成像照相機； 至少一照明光源，用於照明一胃腸管位置； 一光學系統用於成像該胃腸管位置至該CMOS成像照 相機；及 一發射器用於發射該CMOS成像照相機的影像輸出。 16·如申請專利範圍第15項之可呑服膠囊，其中該CMOS成 -2- O:\80\80574-930419. D0C 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1222833 A8 B8 C8
    像知、相機包含動作像素電路。 1 7 ·如申請專利範圍第〗6 4 γ 弟 員之可吞服膠囊，其中該CMOS成 像照相機包含—相關雙重取樣ϋ，用於處理由該動作像 素電路所產生的類比信號。 18.如申請專利範圍第15項之可吞服膠囊，其中該cm〇s成 像照相機包含-具有串列輸出之類比至數位轉換器。 19 ·如申請專利範圍第】5百 弟5員之可吞服膠囊，其中該cmos成 像照相機包含—編碼及隨機化單元，用於定義晝面及列. 參數，且準備好發射的數位信號。 裝— •如申#專範圍第15項之可吞服膠囊，其中該⑽⑽成 像照相機包含 動作像素電路，該電路產生一類比信號； 才關又重取樣器，用於處理由該動作像素電路所產 生的類比信號； >類比至數位轉換器，具有串列輸&，用於轉換該類 比信號至數位信號；及 、、扁碼及Ik機化單元，用於定義晝面及列參數，及用 於準備好該發射數位信號。 21. 如申清專利範圍第15項之可吞服膠囊，其中該照明光源 係一白色led。 22. 如申請專利範圍第15項之可吞服膠囊，其中該照明光源 包含-折射晶體矩陣，其具有至少一藍色LED晶片整合 在其中。 23. 如中凊專利範圍第叫之可吞服膠囊，其中該光學系統 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC A8B8
    O:\80\80574-930419.D0C -4- 1222833 申請專利範圍 32,如申請專利範圍第31項之系統，進一步包含一天線陣列 ，能環繞一身體及包含至少一天線，用於接收該發射影 像信號，且用於產生複數接收信號。 ^ 33·如申請專利範圍第32項之系統，進—步包含一解調變器 ，其能夠發射複數接收影像信號成為一單一影像資料流= 34·如申請專利範圍第33項之系統，進一步包含一資料^理 系統，其產生來自該單一資料流之執跡及影像資料。 35·如申請專利範圍第34項之系統，其中該接收系統及資料 處理系統位於病人外側。 %· —種發射器，用於活體裝置中，該裝置包含至少一 CMOS成像照相機，至少一照.明光源用於照明一活體位 置，及一光學系統用於成像該活體位置至該cm〇s成像 照相機， 該發射器用於發射來自該CM0S成像照相機的信號至 -接收系統，該發射器包含_控龍塊用於控制該 CMOS成像照相機。 37.如申請專利範圍第36項之發射器，其中該控制區塊進一 步控制該照明光源。 38·如申請專利範圍第36項之發 只心赞射态，包含一内電子開關， 用於轉換一常開開關的邏輯至一常閉邏輯。 39·如申請專利範圍第36項之私. 七射益，其中該控制區塊傳送 一關閉#號至該成像器，通知 I知其不動作，且傳送至發射 器本身’不驅動主膠囊次系統。 40·如申請專利範圍第39項 赞射為，其中該發射器傳送信 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規^ -5- 1222833
    標信號。 “·如申請專利範圍第36項之發射器，該發射 42·一種發射器，用於活體“中，該系統包含I捕捉= 成像之成像系統且用於產生影像輪出，及 = 於接收該發射影像輸出，該成像系統包含至少一CM:S 成像照相機、至少一昭明本、、塔 丄皿/ …、月先源用於照明-活體位置，及 了光干糸統用於成像該活體位置至該CMos成像照相機 电射器用於發射來自該CM〇S成像照相機的信號至 一接收系統，該發射器包含一 U 5 控制&塊用於控制該 CMOS成像照相機。 43. 如申請專利範圍第42項之發射器，以該控制區塊進一 步控制該照明光源。 44. 如申請專利範圍第42項之發射器，包含一内電子開關， 用於轉換一常開開關的邏輯至一常閉邏輯。 45. 如申請專利範圍第42項之發射器，#中該控制區塊傳送 一關閉信號至該成像器’通知其不動作，且傳送至發射 器本身，不驅動主膠囊次系統。 46·如申請專利範圍第45項之發射器，其中該發射器傳送信 標信號。 47.如申凊專利範圍第42項之發射器，該發射器發射射頻。 48· -種妝明光源’用於活體成像裝置，該裝置包含至少一 成像感測器、一光學系統用於成像活體位置至該感測器 上，及一發射器用於射來自該成像感測器的信號至一接 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC -6-
    A B c D 、申請專利範圍 该照明光源用於照明活體位置，該照明光源包含至少 一監色LED晶片及一折射晶體。 49·如申睛專利範圍第以項之照明光源，其中該至少一藍色 LED晶片整合於一折射晶體矩陣中。 5〇·—種用於成像活體位置之方法，包含下列步驟： 照明一活體位置； 收集間歇性之光線至一 CMOS成像照相機像素，藉此 產生一類比信號； 處理及轉換該類比信號為一數位信號； 隨機化該數位信號； 發射該數位信號至一接收系統；及 處理該發射信號，用以得到該活體位置的成像。 5 1 ·如申請專利範圍第50項之方法，其中該照明步驟係使用 一白色LED所完成。 52,·如申請專利範圍第50項之方法，其中該CMOS成像照相 機包含 動作像素電路，該電路產生一類比信號； 一相關雙重取樣器用於處理由該動作像素電路所產生 的類比信號； 犬員比至數位轉換器’具有串列輸出，用於轉換該類 比信號至一數位信號；及 一編碼及隨機化單元，用於定義畫面及列參數，且用 於準備好發送之數位信號。 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC
    1222833 A B c D 々、申請專利範圍 5 3 ·如申請專利範圍第5 0項之方法，其中該處理及轉換類比 信號至一數位信號之步驟，係由一具有串列輸出之類比 至數位轉換器所完成。 54. 如申請專利範圍第50項之方法，其中隨機化該數位信號 的步驟係由隨機化〇及1數位信號的產生而完成。 55. 如申請專利範圍第50項之方法，其中發射該數位信號至 一接收系統係由一發射器所完成，該發射器包含一控制 區塊用於控制一 CMOS成像照相機。 O:\80\80574-930419.DOC * 8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 申請曰期 案 號 ----- 類 曰91· 9. 27 091122442 (以上各櫊由本局填註） 番 中 A4 C4 中文說明書替換本(94年4月）專利説明書 I222833 、焉S名稱 文 活體成像之裝置及系統 英 文 A DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR IN VIVO IMAGING 姓 名 國 人 住、居所 1 ·賈維爾伊登 GAVRIEL IDDAN 2·多芙艾芙尼 DOV AVNI 3.亞凱狄葛路克何夫斯基arkady GLUKH〇vsKY 4·賈維爾梅隆 GAVRIEL MERON 1-4皆以色列ISRAEL 1 ·以色列海法市愛因斯坦街44A號 44A EINSTEIN STREET, HAIFA 34602, ISRAEL 2·以色列海法市蘇可街7號 7 SUCCOT STREET，HAIFA 34525, ISRAEL 3.以色列尼雪市海諾略特街24/5號 24/5 HANURIOT STREET, NESHER 36790, ISRAEL 4·以色列克法加尼姆皮泰克提克娃市威斯曼街21號 21 WEIZMANN STREET, KFAR GANIM PETACHTIKVA 49556, ISRAEL 姓 名 (名稱） 以色列商吉芬意像有限公司 GIVEN IMAGING LTD. 國 籍以色列ISRAEL 三、申請人住、居所 (事務所) 代表人 姓 名 以色列約克尼姆伊利市工業園區7B楝4樓 INDUSTRIAL PARK, BUILDING 7B, 4TH FLOOR, 20692 YOKNEAM ILITE, ISRAEL 賈維爾梅隆 GAVRIEL MERON O:\80\80574-930419.DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐）
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