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RU2014128614A - Выхлопная система для двигателя ic, работающего на бедных смесях, содержащая компонент pgm и катализатор scr - Google Patents

Выхлопная система для двигателя ic, работающего на бедных смесях, содержащая компонент pgm и катализатор scr Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2014128614A
RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
monolithic substrate
exhaust system
pgm
monolithic
vaporized
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RU2014128614A
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English (en)
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RU2620474C2 (ru
Inventor
Филип БЛЭЙКМАН
Сугато ЧАТТЕРДЖИ
Эндрю Фрэнсис ЧИФФИ
Джейн ГЭСТ
Пол Ричард ФИЛЛИПС
Радж РАДЖАРАМ
Эндрю УОЛКЕР
Original Assignee
Джонсон Мэтти Паблик Лимитед Компани
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Publication of RU2014128614A publication Critical patent/RU2014128614A/ru
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Publication of RU2620474C2 publication Critical patent/RU2620474C2/ru

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
    • B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate silencers in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
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    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
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    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

1. Выхлопная система для автомобильного двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, включающая:(а) первую монолитную подложку, содержащую катализатор SCR;(b) по меньшей мере, одну вторую монолитную подложку, содержащую каталитическое грунтовочное покрытие, содержащее, по меньшей мере, один металл платиновой группы (PGM), при этом указанная, по меньшей мере, одна вторая монолитная подложка расположена по потоку до первой монолитной подложки; и(с) третью монолитную подложку, расположенную между первой монолитной подложкой и (каждой) второй монолитной подложкой,при этом, по меньшей мере, один PGM на (каждой) второй монолитной подложке подвержен испарению, когда (каждая) вторая монолитная подложка оказывается в относительно жестких условиях, включая относительно высокие температуры, и при этом, третья монолитная подложка включает, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM.2. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является, по меньшей мере, одним оксидом металла.3. Выхлопная система по п. 1 или 2, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM третьей монолитной подложки включает оксид металла, выбранный из группы, состоящей из, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида алюминия, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида циркония, необязательно, стабилизированного смешанного оксида церия-циркония и смесей из любых двух или нескольких из них.4. Выхлопная система по п. 3, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является компонентом грунтовочного покрытия, нанесенного на третью монолитную подложку.5. Выхлопная си

Claims (23)

1. Выхлопная система для автомобильного двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, включающая:
(а) первую монолитную подложку, содержащую катализатор SCR;
(b) по меньшей мере, одну вторую монолитную подложку, содержащую каталитическое грунтовочное покрытие, содержащее, по меньшей мере, один металл платиновой группы (PGM), при этом указанная, по меньшей мере, одна вторая монолитная подложка расположена по потоку до первой монолитной подложки; и
(с) третью монолитную подложку, расположенную между первой монолитной подложкой и (каждой) второй монолитной подложкой,
при этом, по меньшей мере, один PGM на (каждой) второй монолитной подложке подвержен испарению, когда (каждая) вторая монолитная подложка оказывается в относительно жестких условиях, включая относительно высокие температуры, и при этом, третья монолитная подложка включает, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM.
2. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является, по меньшей мере, одним оксидом металла.
3. Выхлопная система по п. 1 или 2, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM третьей монолитной подложки включает оксид металла, выбранный из группы, состоящей из, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида алюминия, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида циркония, необязательно, стабилизированного смешанного оксида церия-циркония и смесей из любых двух или нескольких из них.
4. Выхлопная система по п. 3, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является компонентом грунтовочного покрытия, нанесенного на третью монолитную подложку.
5. Выхлопная система по п. 1, 2 или 4, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна вторая монолитная подложка содержит платину.
6. Выхлопная система по п. 5, в которой PGM компонент грунтовочного покрытия на, по меньшей мере, одной второй подложке включает и платину, и палладий.
7. Выхлопная система по п. 5, в которой весовое отношение Pt:Pd≤2.
8. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6 или 7, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM третьей монолитной подложки включает каталитическую композицию, содержащую, по меньшей мере, один металл, выбранный из группы, состоящей из палладия, меди, серебра, золота и сочетаний любых двух или более из них, нанесенную на, по меньшей мере, один материал-носитель.
9. Выхлопная система по п. 8, в которой грунтовка третьей монолитной подложки включает грунтовочное покрытие, содержащие и платину, и палладий в более низком весовом отношении Pt:Pd, чем (каждая) грунтовка (каждой) второй монолитной подложки.
10. Выхлопная система по п. 9, в которой весовое отношение Pt:Pd в грунтовочном покрытии третьей монолитной подложки ≤2.
11. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9 или 10, включающая средство для инжекции азотистого восстановителя или его прекурсора в поток выхлопного газа между первой монолитной подложкой и второй монолитной подложкой.
12. Выхлопная система по п. 11, в которой средство для инжекции предназначено для инжекции азотистого восстановителя или его прекурсора в поток выхлопного газа между (каждой) второй монолитной подложкой и третьей монолитной подложкой.
13. Выхлопная система по п. 11, в которой средство для инжекции предназначено для инжекции азотистого восстановителя или его прекурсора в поток выхлопного газа между третьей монолитной подложкой и первой монолитной подложкой.
14. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 или 13, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна или каждая вторая монолитная подложка индивидуально подобрана из катализатора окисления и катализатора-абсорбера NOx (NAC).
15. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 или 13, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна или каждая вторая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтрующую монолитную подложку, имеющую входные поверхности и выходные поверхности, при этом, входные поверхности отделены от выходных поверхностей пористой структурой.
16. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 или 13, в которой первая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтрующую монолитную подложку, имеющую входные поверхности и выходные поверхности, при этом, входные поверхности отделены от выходных поверхностей пористой структурой.
17. Выхлопная система по п. 15, в которой фильтрующая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтр пристеночного течения.
18. Выхлопная система по п. 16, в которой фильтрующая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтр пристеночного течения.
19. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания, работающий на бедных смесях, включающий выхлопную систему по любому из предшествующих пунктов.
20. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания с воспламенением от сжатия по п. 19.
21. Двигатель по п. 19 или 20, включающий средство управления двигателем, которое при использовании обеспечивает контакт, по меньшей мере, одной второй монолитной подложки с обогащенным выхлопным газом с целью образования аммиака на месте.
22. Автомобиль, включающий двигатель по любому из пп. 19, 20 или 21.
23 Способ уменьшения или предотвращения отравления катализатора селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR), расположенного на первой монолитной подложке в выхлопной системе двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, металлом платиновой группы (PGM), который может испаряться из содержащей PGM каталитической композиции, расположенной на, по меньшей мере, одной второй монолитной подложке по потоку до катализатора SCR, когда содержащая PGM каталитическая композиция оказывается в относительно жестких условиях, включая относительно высокие температуры, каковой способ включает адсорбцию испарившегося PGM, по меньшей мере, одним улавливающим PGM материалом, который расположен на третьей монолитной подложке.
RU2014128614A 2011-12-12 2012-12-11 Выхлопная система для двигателя ic, работающего на бедных смесях, содержащая компонент pgm и катализатор scr RU2620474C2 (ru)

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GBGB1200781.1A GB201200781D0 (en) 2011-12-12 2012-01-18 Exhaust system for a lean-burn ic engine comprising a pgm component and a scr catalyst
GB1200781.1 2012-01-18
PCT/GB2012/053089 WO2013088132A1 (en) 2011-12-12 2012-12-11 Exhaust system for a lean-burn ic engine comprising a pgm component and a scr catalyst

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BR112014013244A8 (pt) 2019-01-22
DE102012025751A1 (de) 2015-07-30
GB2507689A (en) 2014-05-07
GB201222277D0 (en) 2013-01-23
RU2620474C2 (ru) 2017-05-25
GB2507689B (en) 2015-05-20
WO2013088132A1 (en) 2013-06-20
GB2497658A (en) 2013-06-19
GB201402435D0 (en) 2014-03-26
EP2790815A1 (en) 2014-10-22
BR112014013244A2 (pt) 2017-06-13
EP2790815B1 (en) 2020-05-13
US20130149222A1 (en) 2013-06-13
US20140186245A1 (en) 2014-07-03
CN104010715A (zh) 2014-08-27
JP2015507116A (ja) 2015-03-05
GB2497658B (en) 2015-05-27
GB201200781D0 (en) 2012-02-29
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US8668891B2 (en) 2014-03-11
DE102012222806A1 (de) 2013-06-27

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