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RU2011104476A - Выхлопная система для двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях - Google Patents

Выхлопная система для двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2011104476A
RU2011104476A RU2011104476/06A RU2011104476A RU2011104476A RU 2011104476 A RU2011104476 A RU 2011104476A RU 2011104476/06 A RU2011104476/06 A RU 2011104476/06A RU 2011104476 A RU2011104476 A RU 2011104476A RU 2011104476 A RU2011104476 A RU 2011104476A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
catalyst
filter
exhaust system
zone
walls
Prior art date
Application number
RU2011104476/06A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
RU2504668C2 (ru
Inventor
Гай Ричард ЧАНДЛЕР (GB)
Гай Ричард ЧАНДЛЕР
Нейл Роберт КОЛЛИНЗ (GB)
Нейл Роберт КОЛЛИНЗ
Пол Ричард ФИЛЛИПС (GB)
Пол Ричард ФИЛЛИПС
Дениел СУОЛЛОУ (GB)
Дениел СУОЛЛОУ
Original Assignee
Джонсон Мэттей Паблик Лимитед Компани (Gb)
Джонсон Мэттей Паблик Лимитед Компани
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Publication of RU2011104476A publication Critical patent/RU2011104476A/ru
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Publication of RU2504668C2 publication Critical patent/RU2504668C2/ru

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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    • F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/2073—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR] with means for generating a reducing substance from the exhaust gases
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    • F01N2240/18—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an adsorber or absorber
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Abstract

1. Выхлопная система для двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, которая содержит первый монолитный носитель, содержащий катализатор для окисления оксида азота (NO), после которого расположен второй монолитный носитель, который представляет собой фильтр с проходящим через стенки потоком, имеющий впускные каналы и выпускные каналы, причем впускные каналы содержат катализатор-поглотитель NOx (NAC), включающий компонент для каталитического окисления, а выпускные каналы содержат катализатор для селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR) оксидов азота (NOx) азотсодержащим восстановителем. ! 2. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой впускные каналы фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком содержат катализатор SCR, расположенный после NAC. ! 3. Выхлопная система по п.2, в которой фильтр с проходящим через стенки потоком имеет длину, продолжающуюся от входного конца до выходного конца, причем NAC расположен в первой зоне, по существу, однородной длины, составляющей от 30 до 70% от длины фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, с передним концом зоны, ограниченным входным концом фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком. ! 4. Выхлопная система по п.3, в которой катализатор SCR расположен во второй зоне, по существу, однородной длины, составляющей от 30 до 70% от длины фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, с задним концом, ограниченным выходным концом фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком. ! 5. Выхлопная система по п.4, в которой первая зона и вторая зона перекрываются. ! 6. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой NAC и катализатор SCR объединены в одном катализаторе. ! 7. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой катализатор

Claims (24)

1. Выхлопная система для двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, которая содержит первый монолитный носитель, содержащий катализатор для окисления оксида азота (NO), после которого расположен второй монолитный носитель, который представляет собой фильтр с проходящим через стенки потоком, имеющий впускные каналы и выпускные каналы, причем впускные каналы содержат катализатор-поглотитель NOx (NAC), включающий компонент для каталитического окисления, а выпускные каналы содержат катализатор для селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR) оксидов азота (NOx) азотсодержащим восстановителем.
2. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой впускные каналы фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком содержат катализатор SCR, расположенный после NAC.
3. Выхлопная система по п.2, в которой фильтр с проходящим через стенки потоком имеет длину, продолжающуюся от входного конца до выходного конца, причем NAC расположен в первой зоне, по существу, однородной длины, составляющей от 30 до 70% от длины фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, с передним концом зоны, ограниченным входным концом фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком.
4. Выхлопная система по п.3, в которой катализатор SCR расположен во второй зоне, по существу, однородной длины, составляющей от 30 до 70% от длины фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, с задним концом, ограниченным выходным концом фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком.
5. Выхлопная система по п.4, в которой первая зона и вторая зона перекрываются.
6. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой NAC и катализатор SCR объединены в одном катализаторе.
7. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой катализатор окисления NO представляет собой окислительный катализатор.
8. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой катализатор окисления NO представляет собой NAC.
9. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой первый монолитный носитель представляет собой проточный монолитный носитель.
10. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой первый монолитный носитель представляет собой фильтр неполного потока.
11. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой выпускные каналы содержат катализатор для преобразования аммиака и/или углеводородов и монооксида углерода.
12. Выхлопная система по п.11, в которой катализатор очистки расположен в зоне, по существу, однородной длины, ограниченной с заднего конца выходным концом фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком.
13. Выхлопная система по п.3, в которой выпускные каналы содержат катализатор для преобразования аммиака и/или углеводородов и монооксида углерода.
14. Выхлопная система по п.13, в которой катализатор очистки расположен в зоне, по существу, однородной длины, ограниченной с заднего конца выходным концом фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком.
15. Выхлопная система по п.10, в которой катализатор очистки расположен в отдельном слое, перекрывающем катализатор SCR.
16. Выхлопная система по п.13 или 14, в которой катализатор SCR расположен во второй зоне, по существу, однородной длины, составляющей от 30 до 65% от длины фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, с передним концом второй зоны, ограниченным задним концом первой зоны, а катализатор очистки расположен в третьей зоне, по существу, однородной длины, составляющей от 5 до 40% от длины фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, с передним концом третьей зоны, ограниченным задним концом второй зоны, и задним концом, ограниченным выходным концом фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком.
17. Выхлопная система по п.11, в которой катализатор очистки представляет собой алюмооксидный катализатор с относительно невысоким содержанием платины.
18. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой катализатор NAC выбран из группы, состоящей из по меньшей мере одного щелочноземельного металла, щелочного металла и редкоземельного металла, все или любой из которых при необходимости нанесены на тугоплавкий оксид.
19. Выхлопная система по п.1, в которой катализатор SCR выбран из группы, состоящей из переходного металла/цеолита и по меньшей мере одного из Сu, Hf, La, Au, In, V, лантаноидов и переходных металлов группы VIII, нанесенных на тугоплавкий оксид.
20. Выхлопная система по п.19, в которой тугоплавкий оксид выбран из Аl2О3, TiO2, СеO2, SiO2, ZrO2 и смешанных оксидов, содержащих два или более из них.
21. Фильтр с проходящим через стенки потоком, имеющий первые каналы и вторые каналы, в котором первые каналы содержат катализатор-поглотитель NOx (NAC), включающий компонент каталитического окисления, а вторые каналы содержат катализатор для селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR) оксидов азота (NOx) азотсодержащим восстановителем, при этом вторые каналы содержат катализатор очистки для преобразования аммиака и/или углеводородов и монооксида углерода.
22. Фильтр с проходящим через стенки потоком по п.21, в котором катализатор очистки расположен в зоне, по существу, однородной длины, ограниченной с одного конца входным концом каналов, содержащих катализатор SCR.
23. Фильтр с проходящим через стенки потоком по п.22, в котором катализатор очистки расположен в отдельном слое, перекрывающем катализатор SCR.
24. Фильтр с проходящим через стенки потоком по п.22, который имеет длину, продолжающуюся от первого конца до второго конца, на которой расположен NAC в первой зоне, по существу, однородной длины, составляющей от 30 до 70% от длины фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, с передним концом зоны, ограниченным первым концом фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, катализатор SCR расположен во второй зоне, по существу, однородной длины, составляющей от 30 до 65% от длины фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, с передним концом второй зоны, ограниченным задним концом первой зоны, а катализатор очистки расположен в третьей зоне, по существу, однородной длины, составляющей от 5 до 40% от длины фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком, с передним концом третьей зоны, ограниченным задним концом второй зоны и задним концом, ограниченным вторым концом фильтра с проходящим через стенки потоком.
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CN102159807A (zh) 2011-08-17
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GB201101385D0 (en) 2011-03-09
EP2650496B1 (en) 2021-02-24
US20140241950A1 (en) 2014-08-28
WO2010004320A3 (en) 2010-03-04
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US20110179777A1 (en) 2011-07-28
JP2011527403A (ja) 2011-10-27
US9527031B2 (en) 2016-12-27
GB0812544D0 (en) 2008-08-13
JP5607042B2 (ja) 2014-10-15
KR101660026B1 (ko) 2016-09-27
RU2504668C2 (ru) 2014-01-20
JP6450540B2 (ja) 2019-01-09
BRPI0915553A2 (pt) 2016-01-26
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WO2010004320A2 (en) 2010-01-14
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