KR20170021314A - Itq-55를 사용한 유체 분리 및 저장 - Google Patents
Itq-55를 사용한 유체 분리 및 저장 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20170021314A KR20170021314A KR1020177001818A KR20177001818A KR20170021314A KR 20170021314 A KR20170021314 A KR 20170021314A KR 1020177001818 A KR1020177001818 A KR 1020177001818A KR 20177001818 A KR20177001818 A KR 20177001818A KR 20170021314 A KR20170021314 A KR 20170021314A
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- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- adsorbent
- itq
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- fluid component
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Classifications
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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Abstract
x (M1/ nXO2): y YO2: g GeO2: (1-g) SiO2
상기 식에서,
M은 H+, +n 전하의 하나 이상의 무기 양이온, 또는 이 둘의 혼합물로부터 선택되고,
X는 +3 산화 상태의 하나 이상의 화학적 원소이고,
Y는 +4 산화 상태를 갖는 하나 이상의 화학적 원소이되, Si는 아니고,
x는 0 내지 0.2(양 끝값 포함) 범위의 값을 취하고,
y는 0 내지 0.1(양 끝값 포함) 범위의 값을 취하고,
g는 0 내지 0.5(양 끝값 포함) 범위의 값을 취한다.
본 발명은 또한, 유체 성분의 흡착, 유체 성분의 멤브레인 분리, 유체 성분의 저장 및 다양한 전환 반응의 촉매작용을 위한, 제올라이트 성질의 결정질 물질의 용도에 관한 것이다.
Description
도 2는, 하소된 상태의 실시예 2의 물질의 가장 특징적인 피크의 X-선 회절 패턴을 나타낸다.
도 3은, 실시예 4에 따라 수득된, 합성된 그대로의 ITQ-55 물질(이의 조성 내에 Al 및 Si 포함)의 가장 특징적인 피크의 X-선 회절 패턴을 나타낸다.
도 4는, 실시예 2에 따라 수득된, 하소된 형태의 ITQ-55 물질 중의 CO2 흡착 선택도 대 메탄 흡착 선택도를 나타낸다. 상기 선택도는, 순수한 기체의 등온선으로부터 출발하여 수득된 흡착 용량의 비로서 표현된다.
도 5는, 사면체 원자만을 나타내는 ITQ-55의 골격 구조를 나타낸다.
도 6은, 미세다공성 흡착제로부터 직접 형성되고 복수개의 평행한 채널을 함유하는 단일체(monolith) 형태의 평행 채널 접촉기(접촉기)의 하나의 실시양태를 나타낸다.
도 7은, 도 6의 단일체의 종축을 따르는 단면도이다.
도 8은, 중간기공 및 거대기공의 일부를 점유하는 차단제와 함께 흡착 층의 자세한 구조를 나타내는, 도 7의 단일체의 단면도의 확대된 부분을 나타낸다.
도 9는, 코팅된 단일체 형태(이때 흡착제 층은 채널 벽 상에 코팅됨)의 평행한 채널 접촉기의 하나의 실시양태의 또다른 묘사이다.
도 10은, 평행한 라미네이트 시트로부터 제조된 평행한 접촉기의 하나의 실시양태를 나타낸다.
도 11은, 측정 값에 의해 결정되고 모의실험에 의해 결정된 ITQ-55의 단위 셀 크기를 보여준다.
도 12는, ITQ-55의 단위 셀 내의 최소 개구(또는 기공) 크기와 관련된 분자 동역학적 모의실험으로부터의 추가적 결과를 보여준다.
도 13은, 저압에서의 ITQ-55 결정에 대한 28℃에서의 흡착 등온선을 보여준다.
도 14는, 30℃에서, 확장된 압력 범위에 대한 CO2 및 N2의 흡착 등온선을 보여준다.
도 15는, CO2 및 N2에 대한 흡착의 등량-흡착(isosteric) 열을 보여준다.
도 16은, 5℃ 및 25℃에서, N2(mol)/ITQ-55(kg)의 평형 적재량을 보여준다.
도 17은, 제올라이트 5A 대비 ITQ-55의 H2O 평형 적재량을 보여준다.
도 18은, C2H4, Ar, Kr, 및 CH4에 대한 28℃에서의 흡착 등온선을 보여준다.
도 19는, 1 bara(101 kPa) 및 28℃에서 메탄 및 틸렌의 평형 흡착 비교를 보여준다.
도 20은, 10 bar(약 1 MPaa) 및 -10℃에서의 H2 및 28℃에서의 CH4의 흡착 등온선을 보여준다.
도 21은, 1 bar(101 kPa) 및 30℃에서 CO2, N2, CH4, 및 C2H4에 대한 시간의 제곱근의 함수로서의 흡착을 보여준다.
도 22는, N2, CO2, CH4, C2H6, 및 C2H4에 대한 시간의 함수로서의 흡착량에 관한 추가 데이터를 보여준다.
도 23a 및 23b는, ITQ-55 결정의 주사 전자 현미경(SEM) 이미지를 보여준다.
도 24 및 25는, ITQ-55 시료에 대한 CH4 및 CO2(도 24) 및 N2(도 25)의 주파수 반응과 함께 역학적 연구를 보여준다.
도 26은, 에탄 및 에틸렌에 대한 확산 시간 상수의 온도 의존성을 보여준다.
도 27은, ITQ-55 중의 CO2에 대한 ZLC 결과를 보여준다.
도 28은, ITQ-55 상의 아세틸렌에 대한 계산된 흡착 등온선을 보여준다.
Claims (36)
- 제 1 유체 성분 및 제 2 유체 성분을 포함하는 투입 유체 스트림을 제올라이트 ITQ-55를 포함하는 흡착제에 노출시켜 배제 생성물 유체 스트림을 형성하는 단계로서, 상기 배제 생성물 유체 스트림 중의 상기 제 1 유체 성분 대 상기 제 2 유체 성분의 몰 비가 상기 투입 유체 스트림 중의 상기 제 1 유체 성분 대 상기 제 2 유체 성분의 몰 비보다 작은, 단계;
상기 배제 생성물 유체 스트림을 수집하는 단계;
흡착된 생성물 유체 스트림을 형성하는 단계로서, 상기 흡착된 생성물 스트림 중의 상기 제 1 유체 성분 대 상기 제 2 유체 성분의 몰 비가 상기 투입 유체 스트림 중의 상기 제 1 유체 성분 대 상기 제 2 유체 성분의 몰 비보다 큰, 단계; 및
상기 흡착된 생성물 스트림을 수집하는 단계
를 포함하되,
상기 제올라이트 ITQ-55가, 가교 원자들에 의해 연결된 사면체(T) 원자들의 골격 구조를 갖고,
상기 사면체 원자가, 하기 표에 기술되는 방식으로, 가장 가까운 T 원자들을 연결함으로써 한정되는, 유체 분리 방법:
. - 제 1 유체 성분 및 제 2 유체 성분을 포함하는 투입 유체 스트림을 제올라이트 ITQ-55를 포함하는 흡착제에 노출시켜 배제 생성물 유체 스트림을 형성하는 단계로서, 상기 배제 생성물 유체 스트림 중의 상기 제 1 유체 성분 대 상기 제 2 유체 성분의 몰 비가 상기 투입 유체 스트림 중의 상기 제 1 유체 성분 대 상기 제 2 유체 성분의 몰 비보다 작은, 단계;
상기 배제 생성물 유체 스트림을 수집하는 단계;
흡착된 생성물 유체 스트림을 형성하는 단계로서, 상기 흡착된 생성물 스트림 중의 상기 제 1 유체 성분 대 상기 제 2 유체 성분의 몰 비가 상기 투입 유체 스트림 중의 상기 제 1 유체 성분 대 상기 제 2 유체 성분의 몰 비보다 큰, 단계; 및
상기 흡착된 생성물 스트림을 수집하는 단계
를 포함하되,
합성된 그대로의 상기 제올라이트 ITQ-55가, 적어도 하기 2θ 각 값(°) 및 상대 강도(I/I0)를 갖는 X-선 회절 패턴을 갖는, 유체 분리 방법:
상기 식에서,
I0은, 100의 값으로 지정된, 가장 강한 피크로부터의 강도이고,
w는 0 내지 20%의 약한 상대 강도이고,
m은 20 내지 40%의 평균 상대 강도이고,
f는 40 내지 60%의 강한 상대 강도이고,
mf는 60 내지 100%의 매우 강한 상대 강도이다. - 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 제올라이트 ITQ-55가, 하소된 상태에서, 및 실란올의 존재에 의해 나타나는 그의 결정질 매트릭스 내 결함의 부재 하에, 하기 실험식을 갖는, 유체 분리 방법:
x (M1/ nXO2): y YO2: g GeO2: (1-g)SiO2
상기 식에서,
M은 H+, +n 전하의 하나 이상의 무기 양이온, 또는 이 둘의 혼합물로부터 선택되고,
X는 +3 산화 상태의 하나 이상의 화학적 원소이고,
Y는 +4 산화 상태를 갖는 하나 이상의 화학적 원소이되, Si는 아니고,
x는 0 내지 0.2(양 끝값 포함) 범위의 값을 취하고,
y는 0 내지 0.1(양 끝값 포함) 범위의 값을 취하고,
g는 0 내지 0.5(양 끝값 포함) 범위의 값을 취한다. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
x가 본질적으로 0의 값을 취하고,
y가 본질적으로 0의 값을 취하고,
g가 본질적으로 0의 값을 취하는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
a) x가 0 초과의 값을 취하거나,
b) y가 0 초과의 값을 취하거나,
c) g가 0 초과의 값을 취하거나, 또는
d) 이들의 조합인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 5 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 흡착된 생성물 유체 스트림을 형성하는 단계가, i) 상기 흡착제의 온도 또는 압력 중 적어도 하나를 변경하거나, ii) 제 3 성분을 포함하는 유체 스트림을 상기 제올라이트 ITQ-55를 포함하는 흡착제에 노출시켜, 상기 제 3 성분의 적어도 일부를 상기 제올라이트 ITQ-55를 포함하는 흡착제에 흡착시키거나, 또는 iii) 이들의 조합을 포함하는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 6 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 투입 유체 스트림을 흡착제에 노출시키는 단계가, 상기 투입 유체 스트림을 변동(swing) 흡착 용기 내에서 흡착제에 노출시키는 것을 포함하는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 7 항에 있어서,
상기 투입 유체 스트림을 흡착제에 노출시키는 단계가, 상기 투입 유체 스트림을 압력 변동 흡착 조건, 온도 변동 흡착 조건, 급속 사이클 압력 변동 흡착 조건, 또는 이들의 조합 하에 상기 흡착제에 노출시키는 것을 포함하는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 7 항 또는 제 8 항에 있어서,
상기 투입 유체 스트림이 천연 가스를 포함하는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 9 항에 있어서,
상기 투입 유체 스트림이, 상기 제올라이트 ITQ-55를 포함하는 흡착제에 약 5 psia(약 0.03 MPa) 내지 약 5000 psia(약 35 MPa), 임의적으로 약 250 psia(약 1.7 MPa) 이상, 또는 약 500 psia(약 3.4 MPa) 이상, 또는 약 1000 psia(약 6.9 MPa) 이상의 압력에서 노출되는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 9 항 또는 제 10 항에 있어서,
상기 투입 유체 스트림이 상기 흡착제에 약 -18℃ 내지 약 399℃, 또는 약 316℃ 이하, 또는 약 260℃ 이하의 온도에서 노출되는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 9 항 내지 제 11 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 N2, H2O, CO2, 또는 이들의 조합인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 9 항 내지 제 11 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 N2 및 H2O 중 적어도 하나이거나, 상기 제 1 유체 성분이 N2인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 9 항 내지 제 13 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 유체 성분이 CH4, CH4보다 더 큰 분자량을 갖는 탄화수소, 또는 이들의 조합인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 14 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 투입 유체 스트림이, 상기 제 1 성분을 상기 제 2 성분으로부터 역학적 분리하기에 효과적인 조건에서 상기 흡착제에 노출되거나; 상기 투입 유체 스트림이, 상기 제 1 성분을 상기 제 2 성분으로부터 평형 분리하기에 효과적인 조건에서 상기 흡착제에 노출되거나; 또는 이들의 조합인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 15 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 흡착제가, 약 20 Å 초과 약 1 μm 미만의 직경을 갖는 기공에서 약 20% 미만의 개방 기공 부피를 갖는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 유체 성분이 메탄, 에탄, 메탄올, 다이메틸 에터, 3개 이상의 중원자(heavy atom)를 함유하는 유기 화합물, 또는 이들의 조합인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 17 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 CO, CO2, H2, H2O, 또는 이들의 조합인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 18 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 CO2이고, 상기 제 2 유체 성분이 CH4이고, 상기 투입 유체 스트림이 임의적으로 천연 가스를 포함하는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 17 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 에틸렌, 아세틸렌, 폼알데하이드, 또는 이들의 조합인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 17 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 H2S, NH3, SO2, N2O, NO, NO2, 산화 황, 또는 이들의 조합이거나, 상기 제 1 유체 성분이 비활성 기체, 할로겐 분자, 할로겐 하이드라이드, 또는 이들의 조합물인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 17 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 N2이고,
상기 투입 유체 스트림이 임의적으로 상기 흡착제에 약 223 K 내지 약 523 K의 온도에서 노출되는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 메탄, 에틸렌, 에탄, 메탄올, 다이메틸 에터, 또는 이들의 조합물인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 유체 성분이 질소이고, 상기 제 1 유체 성분이 수소, 비활성 기체, 산소, 산화 질소, CO2, CO, 할로겐 분자, 할로겐 하이드라이드, 또는 이들의 조합물인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 24 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 CO2이고, 상기 투입 유체 스트림이 임의적으로 연도(flue) 기체를 포함하거나,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 O2이고, 상기 투입 유체 스트림이 공기를 포함하는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 24 항에 있어서,
상기 할로겐 분자 또는 상기 할로겐 할라이드가 할로겐으로서 F, Cl, Br, 또는 이들의 조합을 포함하는, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 CO2이고,
상기 제 2 유체 성분이 하나 이상의 탄화수소를 포함하고,
상기 하나 이상의 탄화수소가 임의적으로 메탄, 에탄, 에틸렌, 또는 이들의 조합물인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 에틸렌이고, 상기 제 2 유체 성분이 에탄, 메탄, 또는 이들의 조합물인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 산화 질소이고, 상기 제 2 유체 성분이 산화 황인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 H2이고, 상기 제 2 유체 성분이 산화 질소, 산화 황, 탄화수소, 일산화탄소, H2S, NH3, 또는 이들의 조합물인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 H2O이고, 상기 제 2 유체 성분이 H2인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 He, Ne, Ar, Kr, 또는 이들의 조합인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 메탄올, 다이메틸 에터, 또는 이들의 조합물이거나,
상기 제 2 유체 성분이 메탄올, 다이메틸 에터, 또는 이들의 조합물인, 유체 분리 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항, 제 15 항 및 제 16 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 유체 성분이 아세틸렌이고,
상기 제 2 유체 성분이 에틸렌, 메탄, 에탄, 또는 이들의 조합물인, 유체 분리 방법.
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- 2015-06-19 US US14/744,169 patent/US9856145B2/en active Active
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KR20080071548A (ko) * | 2005-07-25 | 2008-08-04 | 콘세호 수페리오르 데 인베스티가시오네스 시엔티피카스 | 제올라이트 itq-32를 사용한 유체의 분리 |
WO2013156638A1 (es) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-24 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (Csic) | Material itq-49, su procedimiento de obtención y su uso |
WO2014122344A1 (es) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-14 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (Csic) | Síntesis de la zeolita itq-51, procedimiento de obtención y uso |
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