KR20110011497A - 양극활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 상기 양극을 채용한 리튬전지 - Google Patents
양극활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 상기 양극을 채용한 리튬전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20110011497A KR20110011497A KR1020090119109A KR20090119109A KR20110011497A KR 20110011497 A KR20110011497 A KR 20110011497A KR 1020090119109 A KR1020090119109 A KR 1020090119109A KR 20090119109 A KR20090119109 A KR 20090119109A KR 20110011497 A KR20110011497 A KR 20110011497A
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- active material
- lithium
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- -1 oxygen anions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002099 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920005609 vinylidenefluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910005665 Li1.05Ni0.45Mn1.45Nb0.05O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910009944 Li1.1Ni0.45Mn1.4Mo0.05O3.95F0.05 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910009952 Li1.1Ni0.45Mn1.4Nb0.05O3.95F0.05 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910009949 Li1.1Ni0.45Mn1.4W0.05O3.95F0.05 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910009932 Li1.1Ni0.45Mn1.4Zr0.05O3.95F0.05 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052795 boron group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052800 carbon group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005657 Li1.05Ni0.5Mn1.5O3.9F0.1 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009935 Li1.1Ni0.45Mn1.4W0.05O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013049 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O3.9F0.1 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910008326 Si-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006773 Si—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020997 Sn-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008859 Sn—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010325 electrochemical charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010326 electrochemical discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010294 electrolyte impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021473 hassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021481 rutherfordium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
용량 유지율[%] | 고율 특성[%] | |
비교예 5 | 87.0 | 91.6 |
비교예 6 | 86.2 | 89.7 |
비교예 7 | 87.3 | 89.7 |
비교예 8 | 84.8 | 85.7 |
실시예 5 | 86.5 | 92.3 |
실시예 6 | 85.0 | 84.3 |
실시예 7 | 86.2 | 90.1 |
실시예 8 | 89.7 | 92.9 |
고온 용량 유지율[%] | |
비교예 5 | 10 |
비교예 6 | 59 |
비교예 7 | 65 |
비교예 8 | 66 |
실시예 5 | 76 |
실시예 6 | 78 |
실시예 7 | 87 |
실시예 8 | 97 |
Claims (11)
- 하기 화학식 1의 스피넬 리튬망간 복합산화물을 포함하는 양극활물질:<화학식 1>LixMn2-y-zNiyMzO4-nXn상기 식에서,0.025≤x≤1.1, 0.3≤y<0.5, 0<z≤0.15, 0<n≤1 이고;상기 M이 Ga, Zr, Nb, Mo, W, Ba, Ca, Sr, La, Ce, Ag, Ta, Hf, Ru, Bi, Sb, Sn 및 As로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 하나의 금속이며,상기 X는 할로겐 족으로서 F, Cl, Br, 및 I로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 하나의 원소이다.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 x가 1.0≤x≤1.1 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 z가 0<z≤0.10 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 n이 0<n≤0.5 인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 스피넬 리튬망간 복합산화물이 리튬 공급원, 니켈 공급원, 망간 공급원, M 공급원 및 할로겐 공급원으로 이루어진 혼합물을 소성시켜 얻어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 양극활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 하기 화학식 2의 스피넬 리튬망간 복합산화물을 포함하는 양극활물질:<화학식 2>LixMn2-y-zNiyMzO4-nFn상기 식에서,0.025≤x≤1.1, 0.3≤y<0.5, 0<z≤0.15, 0<n≤1이고;상기 M이 Ga, Zr, Nb, Mo, W, Ba, Ca, Sr, La, Ce, Ag, Ta, Hf, Ru, Bi, Sb, Sn 및 As로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 하나의 금속이다.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 x가 1.0≤x≤1.1 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극활물질.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 z가 0<z≤0.10 범위이며, 상기 n이 0<n≤0.15 인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극활물질.
- 제 8 항에 있어서, 상기 스피넬 리튬망간 복합산화물이 리튬 공급원, 니켈 공급원, 망간 공급원, M 공급원 및 불소 공급원으로 이루어진 혼합물을 소성시켜 얻어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 양극활물질.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 9 항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 양극활물질을 채용한 양극.
- 제 10 항에 따른 양극을 구비하는 리튬전지.
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