KR102421822B1 - 희토류 영구자석 및 희토류 영구자석을 갖는 회전기 - Google Patents
희토류 영구자석 및 희토류 영구자석을 갖는 회전기 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102421822B1 KR102421822B1 KR1020177030230A KR20177030230A KR102421822B1 KR 102421822 B1 KR102421822 B1 KR 102421822B1 KR 1020177030230 A KR1020177030230 A KR 1020177030230A KR 20177030230 A KR20177030230 A KR 20177030230A KR 102421822 B1 KR102421822 B1 KR 102421822B1
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- magnet
- permanent magnet
- central region
- earth permanent
- rare earth
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/0536—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals sintered
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/08—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/086—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together sintered
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
- H02K15/03—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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Abstract
Description
도 2 는 본 발명에 의해 형성되는 자석이 매립되는 전동 모터의 로터 코어에 형성된 자석 삽입용 슬롯의 일례를 나타내는 로터 부분의 단면도이다.
도 3 은 도 2 에 나타내는 로터 코어에 영구자석이 매립된 상태를 나타내는 로터 부분의 단면도 (端面圖) 이다.
도 4 는 본 발명의 영구자석을 적용할 수 있는 전동 모터의 횡단면도이다.
도 5 는 도 1 에 나타내는 실시형태에 의한 소결체로 형성되는 희토류 영구자석에 있어서의 자속 밀도의 분포를 나타내는 도면이다.
도 6 의 (a) 는, 본 발명의 일 실시형태에 의한 희토류 자석을 장착한 전동 모터에 있어서의 자석의 최소 자화와 모터의 평균 토크에 대한 패럴렐률의 영향을 나타내는 도면이다. (b) 는, 본 발명의 일 실시형태에 의한 희토류 자석을 장착한 전동 모터에 있어서의 자석의 최소 자화와 모터의 평균 토크에 대한 단면 (端面) 경사각의 영향을 나타내는 도면이다. (c) 는, (b) 와는 상이한 패럴렐률의 영구자석을 사용한 전동 모터에 대한 (b) 와 동일한 도면이다. (d) 는, (b) 및 (c) 와는 상이한 패럴렐률의 영구자석을 사용한 전동 모터에 대한 (b)(c) 와 동일한 도면이다. (e) 는, (b) 와는 상이한 단면 경사각 및 자석 길이를 갖는 영구자석을 사용한 전동 모터에 대한 (b) 와 동일한 도면이다. (f) 는, (e) 와는 상이한 단면 경사각 및 자석 길이를 갖는 영구자석을 사용한 전동 모터에 대한 (e) 와 동일한 도면이다.
도 7 은 도 1 에 나타내는 영구자석 형성용 소결체의 제조 공정을 나타내는 개략도이고, (a) ∼ (d) 는 그린 시트 형성까지의 각 단계를 나타낸다.
도 8 은 본 실시형태에 있어서의 자석 재료 입자의 자화 용이축 배향 처리를 나타내는 가공용 시트편의 단면도 (斷面圖) 이고, (a) 는 자기장 인가 시의 시트편의 단면 형상을 나타내고, (b) 는 자기장 인가 후에 변형 처리가 실시된 소결 처리용 시트편의 단면 형상을 나타낸다.
도 9 는 가소 (假燒) 처리에 있어서의 바람직한 승온 속도를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 10(a) 는 본 발명의 실시예 1 에 있어서 사용된 성형용 형 (型) 의 캐비티 형상을 나타내는 도면이고, 외부 자기장 인가 시에 사용되는 형을 나타낸다.
도 10(b) 는 본 발명의 실시예 1 에 있어서 사용된 성형용 형의 캐비티 형상을 나타내는 도면이고, 중간 성형용 형을 나타낸다.
도 10(c) 는 본 발명의 실시예 1 에 있어서 사용된 성형용 형의 캐비티 형상을 나타내는 도면이고, 최종 성형용 형을 나타낸다.
도 11 은 실시예 1 에 의해 얻어진 소결체에 있어서의 자화 용이축의 배향 각도 측정을 실시한 위치를 나타내는 도면이다.
도 12 는 소결체에 있어서의 자화 용이축의 배향 각도 측정을 위한 좌표축을 나타내는 도면이고, (a) 는 사시도, (b) 는 단면도이다.
도 13 은 실시예 1 에 있어서의 자화 용이축의 배향 각도의 설계값으로부터의 어긋남을 나타내는 그래프이다.
2, 102 : 상변
3, 103 : 하변
4, 5, 104, 105 : 단면
6, 106 : 중앙 영역
7, 8, 107, 108 : 단부 영역
20 : 전동 모터
21 : 로터 코어
21a : 둘레면
22 : 에어 갭
23 : 스테이터
23a : 티스
23b : 계자 코일
24 : 자석 삽입용 슬롯
24a : 직선상 중앙 부분
24b : 경사 부분
30 : 희토류 자석
117 : 컴파운드
118 : 지지 기재
119 : 그린 시트
120 : 슬롯 다이
123 : 가공용 시트편
125 : 소결 처리용 시트편
C : 자화 용이축
θ : 경사각
Claims (11)
- 희토류 물질을 포함하는 자석 재료 입자를 포함하고, 길이 방향으로 연장되는 제 1 표면과, 그 제 1 표면으로부터 두께 방향으로 간격을 가진 위치에 있고 길이 방향으로 연장되는 제 2 표면과, 길이 방향 양 단부의 단면을 갖고, 그 양 단면의 각각이 그 제 1 표면의 길이 방향 단부로부터 길이 방향 외향으로 경사짐으로써 그 제 1 표면의 길이가 상기 제 2 표면보다 짧아지는 길이 방향 단면 형상을 가지는 입체 형상으로, 그 자석 재료 입자가 일체로 소결 성형된, 희토류 영구자석 형성용 소결체로서,
길이 방향의 중앙 영역과, 그 중앙 영역의 양측에 위치하는 제 1 및 제 2 단부 영역으로 구획되고,
상기 중앙 영역에 있어서는, 그 중앙 영역에 포함되는 상기 자석 재료 입자는, 그 자화 용이축이, 상기 길이 방향으로 연장되는 소결체 부분의 상기 제 1 표면에 대해 직각인 방향으로 배향된 패럴렐 배향으로 되어 있고,
상기 제 1 및 제 2 단부 영역의 각각에 포함되는 상기 자석 재료 입자는, 자화 용이축이, 상기 단면에 인접하는 위치에서는 상기 단면의 경사각을 따르도록 상기 제 1 표면에 대해 경사져 상기 제 1 표면에 지향되고, 상기 중앙 영역에 인접하는 위치에서는 상기 제 1 표면에 대해 직각인 방향이 되도록 그 제 1 표면에 지향되고, 상기 단면과 상기 중앙 영역 사이에서는 상기 단면으로부터 상기 중앙 영역을 향하여 점차 증가하는 경사각으로 상기 제 1 표면에 지향되도록 집속하는 배향으로 되고,
상기 중앙 영역의 길이 방향 치수 P 와, 상기 제 1 표면의 길이 방향 치수 L 의 비 P/L 이 0.2 ∼ 0.8 인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 형성용 소결체. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 및 제 2 단부 영역의 각각에 있어서의 상기 단면은, 그 단면의 연장선과 상기 제 1 표면 사이의 각도가 45° ∼ 80°의 범위 내가 되도록 그 제 1 표면에 대해 경사져 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 형성용 소결체. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 및 제 2 단부 영역의 각각에 있어서의 상기 단면은, 그 단면의 연장선과 상기 제 1 표면 사이의 각도가 55° ∼ 80°의 범위 내가 되도록 그 제 1 표면에 대해 경사져 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 형성용 소결체. - 삭제
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 중앙 영역의 길이 방향 치수 P 와 상기 제 1 표면의 길이 방향 치수 L 의 비 P/L 이 0.2 ∼ 0.5 인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 형성용 소결체. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 중앙 영역의 길이 방향 치수 P 와 상기 제 1 표면의 길이 방향 치수 L 의 비 P/L 이 0.3 ∼ 0.4 인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 형성용 소결체. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 자석 재료는, Nd-Fe-B 계 자석 재료인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 형성용 소결체. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 및 제 5 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 희토류 영구자석 형성용 소결체에 착자시킴으로써 형성된 희토류 영구자석.
- 회전축에 대해 평행한 중심축을 갖는 원통상의 에어 갭을 통하여 스테이터와 대향하도록 상기 스테이터 내에 자유롭게 회전할 수 있게 배치된 로터 코어를 갖는 회전기로서, 상기 로터 코어에는, 둘레 방향으로 간격을 가진 복수의 위치에 있어서 길이 방향 치수와 두께 방향 치수를 갖는 길이 방향 단면 형상의 슬롯이 복수개, 축 방향으로 연장되도록 형성되고, 상기 슬롯의 각각 내에, 제 8 항에 기재된 희토류 영구자석이 배치된 것을 특징으로 하는 회전기.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,
상기 슬롯의 각각은, 그 슬롯 내에 배치되는 상기 희토류 영구자석의 길이 방향 치수보다 큰 길이 방향 치수를 갖고, 그 슬롯 내에 배치되는 상기 희토류 영구자석의 양 단부에 그 슬롯에 의해 공극부가 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 회전기. - 제 10 항에 있어서,
상기 공극부는, 상기 자석을 수용하는 슬롯 부분에 대해 상기 에어 갭의 방향으로 경사져 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 회전기.
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KR20170132217A (ko) | 2017-12-01 |
TWI679658B (zh) | 2019-12-11 |
EP3276795B1 (en) | 2021-12-22 |
TW201701303A (zh) | 2017-01-01 |
WO2016152976A1 (ja) | 2016-09-29 |
EP3276795A4 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
JP7060957B2 (ja) | 2022-04-27 |
CN107408854B (zh) | 2019-11-26 |
US11101707B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
EP3276795A1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
JPWO2016152976A1 (ja) | 2018-02-01 |
CN107408854A (zh) | 2017-11-28 |
US20180115205A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 |
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