JP6855884B2 - 排気浄化装置、内燃装置、発電装置及び自動車 - Google Patents
排気浄化装置、内燃装置、発電装置及び自動車 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 60
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
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- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/80—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning
- B01D46/82—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning with catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/028—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means using microwaves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/202—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means using microwaves
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- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/30—Silica
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/806—Microwaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2273/00—Operation of filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2273/22—Making use of microwaves, e.g. for measurements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
- B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/80—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning
- B01D46/84—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning by heating only
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/05—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a magnetic, e.g. electromagnetic, device other than a valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Description
(排気浄化装置)
第1の実施の形態におけるび排気浄化装置100について図1に基づき説明する。
次に、本実施の形態における排気浄化装置の制御について、図8に基づき説明する。尚、本実施の形態における排気浄化装置の制御は、制御部60により行われる。
次に、本実施の形態における排気浄化装置の他の制御について、図9に基づき説明する。尚、本実施の形態における排気浄化装置の制御は、制御部60により行われる。
次に、第2の実施の形態について説明する。本実施の形態は、第1の実施の形態における排気浄化装置100を用いた内燃装置、発電装置、自動車等である。
(付記1)
排気に含まれる微粒子を捕集する微粒子捕集部と、
前記微粒子捕集部の前段に設置され、担体の一部または全部はマイクロ波を吸収する材料により形成された酸化触媒部と、
前記微粒子捕集部及び前記酸化触媒部が入れられる筐体部と、
前記酸化触媒部に照射するマイクロ波を発生させるマイクロ波発生部と、
を有し、
前記排気の流れる方向と、前記マイクロ波発生部より前記酸化触媒部に照射されるマイクロ波の方向は、略同じ方向であることを特徴とする排気浄化装置。
(付記2)
マイクロ波を吸収する材料は、SiCまたは発泡金属を含むものであることを特徴とする付記1に記載の排気浄化装置。
(付記3)
前記マイクロ波発生部、前記酸化触媒部及び前記微粒子捕集部は、同一線上に配置されていることを特徴とする付記1または2に記載の排気浄化装置。
(付記4)
前記筐体部は、前記微粒子捕集部及び前記酸化触媒部を覆う筐体本体部と、前記筐体本体部に接続されている前記排気の吸入部及び排出部とが設けられており、
前記筐体部の前記吸入部と前記マイクロ波発生部との間には接続管が設けられており、
前記接続管には、前記排気が吸入される吸入管が接続されていることを特徴とする付記1から3のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。
(付記5)
前記接続管において、前記接続管と前記吸入管との接続部分と前記マイクロ波発生部との間には、マイクロ波透過板が設けられていることを特徴とする付記4に記載の排気浄化装置。
(付記6)
前記筐体部内において、前記接続管と前記酸化触媒部との間には、前記吸入管より吸入された排気の流れを整流する穴を有する整流部が設けられていることを特徴とする付記4または5に記載の排気浄化装置。
(付記7)
前記整流部は、中央部分が周辺部分よりも厚いことを特徴とする付記6に記載の排気浄化装置。
(付記8)
前記マイクロ波発生部は、モノポールアンテナ、または、平面アンテナを有していることを特徴とする付記1から7のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。
(付記9)
前記微粒子捕集部に堆積した微粒子が所定量を超えた場合には、前記マイクロ波発生部より前記酸化触媒部に向けてマイクロ波を照射する制御を行う制御部を有することを特徴とする付記1から8のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。
(付記10)
前記酸化触媒部の温度を測定する温度測定部を有し、
前記温度測定部の温度が、所定の温度未満の場合には、前記マイクロ波発生部より前記酸化触媒部に向けてマイクロ波を照射する制御を行う制御部を有することを特徴とする付記1から8のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。
(付記11)
付記1から10のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置が接続されている内燃装置。
(付記12)
内燃機関と、
前記内燃機関に接続された発電機と、
前記内燃機関に接続された付記1から10のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置と、
を有する発電装置。
(付記13)
付記1から10のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置を有する自動車。
11 酸化触媒部
20 筐体部
20a 筐体本体部
20b 吸入部
20c 排出部
21 吸入側接続管
21a 接続部分
22 吸入管
23 排気管
30 マイクロ波発生部
40 マイクロ波透過板
50 温度測定部
60 制御部
70 整流部
80 微粒子堆積量測定部
81 圧力センサ
82 圧力センサ
100 排気浄化装置
Claims (12)
- 排気に含まれる微粒子を捕集する微粒子捕集部と、
前記微粒子捕集部の前段に設置され、担体の一部または全部はマイクロ波を吸収する材料により形成された酸化触媒部と、
前記微粒子捕集部及び前記酸化触媒部が入れられる筐体部と、
前記酸化触媒部に照射するマイクロ波を発生させるマイクロ波発生部と、
を有し、
前記排気の流れる方向と、前記マイクロ波発生部より前記酸化触媒部に照射されるマイクロ波の方向は、略同じ方向であり、
前記マイクロ波発生部と前記酸化触媒部の間に、前記酸化触媒部へと流れる前記排気の流れを整流する複数の穴を有する整流部が設けられており、前記整流部は、周辺部分よりも中央部分の厚さが厚いことを特徴とする排気浄化装置。 - 前記整流部の前記中央部分での孔の径または密度は、前記周辺部分での孔の径または密度よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排気浄化装置。
- マイクロ波を吸収する材料は、SiCまたは発泡金属を含むものであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の排気浄化装置。
- 前記マイクロ波発生部、前記酸化触媒部及び前記微粒子捕集部は、マイクロ波照射側からこの順に同軸上に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。
- 前記筐体部は、前記微粒子捕集部及び前記酸化触媒部を覆う筐体本体部と、前記筐体本体部に接続されている前記排気の吸入部及び排出部とが設けられており、
前記筐体部の前記吸入部と前記マイクロ波発生部との間には接続管が設けられており、
前記接続管には、前記排気が吸入される吸入管が接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。 - 前記接続管において、前記接続管と前記吸入管との接続部分と前記マイクロ波発生部との間には、マイクロ波透過板が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の排気浄化装置。
- 前記マイクロ波発生部は、モノポールアンテナ、または、平面アンテナを有していることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。
- 前記微粒子捕集部に堆積した微粒子が所定量を超えた場合には、前記マイクロ波発生部より前記酸化触媒部に向けてマイクロ波を照射する制御を行う制御部を有することを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。
- 前記酸化触媒部の温度を測定する温度測定部を有し、
前記温度測定部の温度が、所定の温度未満の場合には、前記マイクロ波発生部より前記酸化触媒部に向けてマイクロ波を照射する制御を行う制御部を有することを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。 - 請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置が接続されている内燃装置。
- 内燃機関と、
前記内燃機関に接続された発電機と、
前記内燃機関に接続された請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置と、
を有する発電装置。 - 請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置を有する自動車。
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