JP6737139B2 - ガスインジェクタ、及び縦型熱処理装置 - Google Patents
ガスインジェクタ、及び縦型熱処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6737139B2 JP6737139B2 JP2016221523A JP2016221523A JP6737139B2 JP 6737139 B2 JP6737139 B2 JP 6737139B2 JP 2016221523 A JP2016221523 A JP 2016221523A JP 2016221523 A JP2016221523 A JP 2016221523A JP 6737139 B2 JP6737139 B2 JP 6737139B2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 320
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 93
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 87
- LXEXBJXDGVGRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(trichlorosilyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl LXEXBJXDGVGRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 78
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 31
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/46—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for heating the substrate
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
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- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
- C23C16/45548—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus having arrangements for gas injection at different locations of the reactor for each ALD half-reaction
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
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Description
このため、縦型熱処理装置を用いる場合には、ウエハの面間で均一な膜厚分布を有する膜を成膜する観点で、基板保持具に保持された各ウエハに対して、できるだけ均一に原料ガスや反応ガス(以下、これらを総称して「成膜ガス」と呼ぶ場合がある)を供給することが好ましい。
前記反応容器内に上下方向に伸びるように配置され、前記上下方向に沿って、複数のガス供給孔が形成されたガス供給孔の形成面を備えた筒状のインジェクタ本体と、
前記上下方向に沿って前記インジェクタ本体と一体となるように設けられ、前記成膜ガスを受け入れる下部側のガス受入口と、前記インジェクタ本体の内部空間に連通し、当該内部空間に成膜ガスを導入するガス導入口とを備えた筒状のガス導入管と、を備え、
前記筒状のインジェクタ本体の内部空間の中心軸に対し、前記筒状のガス導入管の中心軸が、前記ガス供給孔の形成面から遠ざかる方向にずれた位置に配置されていることを特徴とする。
これらのガスインジェクタ3、4のうち、HCDガス用のガスインジェクタ3は、本発明の実施の形態に係る構成を備える点については、図2を参照しながら後段で詳細に説明する。
なお図1においては、図示の便宜上、ガスインジェクタ4a、4bは、反応管11の横断面を見たとき、径方向にずれた位置に配置されているように示してある。但し、実際にはこれらのガスインジェクタ4a、4bは、ウエハボート2側から見て、反応管11の内壁面に沿うように、並べて配置してよい。
さらにこれらガスの供給ラインに対しては、反応管11内からHCDガスや酸素ガス、水素ガスを排出するために、窒素ガスなどの不活性ガスをパージガスとして供給する不図示のパージガス供給源を設けてもよい。
以下、図2を参照しながら当該ガスインジェクタ3の具体的な構成について説明する。
細長い筒状のガスインジェクタ4内を流れるガスの圧力は、流れ方向の下流側(ガスインジェクタ4の先端側)よりも上流側(ガスインジェクタ4の基端側)の方が高くなる。この結果、各ガス供給孔41から供給されるガスは、基端側に位置するガス供給孔41ほど流量が大きく、先端側に位置するガス供給孔41へ向けて次第に流量が小さくなる流量分布が形成される。
なお、図2〜図8に示す各種のガスインジェクタ3、3a〜3e、4(4a、4b)、4cの図には、ガス供給孔31、41から供給されるガスの流量に応じて、ガスの流れを示す矢印の長さを変化させている。これらの図では、破線の矢印が長いほど、ガスの流量が大きいことを示しているが、各矢印の長さは、ガスの流量を厳密に示すものではない。
この結果、ガスインジェクタ3における仕切り部材332の配置位置よりも下方側の部分(HCDガスの流れ方向に見て上流側部分)は、ガス導入管33の基端側管部33bを構成しているといえる。これに対して、インジェクタ本体32に挿入された領域は、ガス導入管33の縮径管部33aを構成している。
はじめに、受け渡し位置までウエハボート2を降下させ、図示しない外部の基板搬送機構によりウエハボート2のすべての載置部にウエハWを載置する。また、加熱部12により、反応管1内にウエハWを搬入したとき、各ウエハWが予め設定した温度になるように加熱を開始する。
しかる後、酸素ガス供給源72及び水素ガス供給源73から反応管11内に予め設定された流量の酸素ガス及び水素ガスを供給する。低圧高温雰囲気となっている反応管11内に供給された酸素ガス及び水素ガスからはOラジカル及びOHラジカルを含む活性種を生成する。これらOラジカル及びOHラジカルが、ウエハWに吸着したHCDと反応することにより、SiO2が形成される。
図7(a)のガスインジェクタ3dは、インジェクタ本体32とガス導入管33の側壁面同士を接続し、この接続面の上方側の位置に絞り部であるガス導入口331aを設けた例である。
これらの例においてもインジェクタ本体32とガス導入管33とが一体に設けられているので、図4に示したU字型のガスインジェクタ4cと比較して、ガスインジェクタ3d、3eのサイズをコンパクトにすることができる。
例えば、金属原料を含む原料ガスと、窒素を含む反応ガスとの反応による金属窒化物の成膜、金属原料を含む原料ガスと、当該原料ガスを分解、還元させるガスとの反応による金属膜の成膜などを、ALD法により実施してもよい。
図1を用いて示したものと同等の下方排気方式の縦型熱処理装置を用い、ウエハボート2に保持されたウエハWに対してALD法によりSiO2膜の成膜を行い、各ウエハWの膜厚分布を測定した。
A.実験条件
(実施例)図2に示す実施の形態に係るガスインジェクタ3を用いてHCDガスの供給を行う一方、図3に示す従来型のガスインジェクタ4を用いて酸素ガスの供給を行い、ALD法によりSiO2膜を成膜した。HCDガスの供給時には、HCDガス供給源71より流量200sccmのHCDガスを6秒間供給し、酸素ガス及び水素ガスの供給時には、酸素ガス供給源72、水素ガス供給源73より流量3,000sccmの酸素ガスと1,000sccmの水素ガスとを10秒間供給した。これらのガス供給を含むサイクルを100回実施して成膜を行った。反応容器1内の圧力は40Pa、加熱部12によるウエハWの加熱温度は600℃、回転軸53まわりのウエハボート2の回転速度は2.0rpmである。ウエハWを保持するウエハボート2の最下段から数えて20段目、60段目、90段目、130段目、160段目の載置位置に載置された5枚のウエハWの膜厚分布を膜厚計により測定した。
(比較例)図3に示す従来型のガスインジェクタ4を用いてHCDガスの供給を行った点を除いて実施例と同様の条件で成膜、膜厚分布測定を行った。
実施例、比較例の結果を各々図8(a)、(b)に示す。各図中に示した実線は、ウエハWの中心を通る横断面を見たときのSiO2膜の膜厚分布を模式的に示している。各図においては、膜厚測定を行ったウエハWのうち、最下段のウエハWの膜厚分布を右端に表示し、順次、上段側のウエハWの膜厚分布が左側に表示されるように、膜厚分布の測定結果を並べてある。
以上の実験結果を踏まえると、実施の形態に係るガスインジェクタ3を利用してHCDガスを供給することにより、従来のガスインジェクタ4を用いる場合と比較して、ウエハボート2に保持されたウエハWに成膜される膜の膜厚分布を面間で揃えることができると評価できる。
1 反応容器
12 加熱部
2 ウエハボート
3、3a〜3e
ガスインジェクタ
31 ガス供給孔
32 インジェクタ本体
321 内部空間
33 ガス導入管
ガス導入口
4、4a、4b
ガスインジェクタ
63 真空排気部
71 HCDガス供給源
72 酸素ガス供給源
73 水素ガス供給源
8 制御部
Claims (8)
- 上下方向に複数の基板を棚状に並べて保持した基板保持具を、周囲に加熱部が配置された縦型の反応容器内に搬入して熱処理を行う縦型熱処理装置に設けられ、前記反応容器内に、基板への成膜用の成膜ガスを供給するためのガスインジェクタにおいて、
前記反応容器内に上下方向に伸びるように配置され、前記上下方向に沿って、複数のガス供給孔が形成されたガス供給孔の形成面を備えた筒状のインジェクタ本体と、
前記上下方向に沿って前記インジェクタ本体と一体となるように設けられ、前記成膜ガスを受け入れる下部側のガス受入口と、前記インジェクタ本体の内部空間に連通し、当該内部空間に成膜ガスを導入するガス導入口とを備えた筒状のガス導入管と、を備え、
前記筒状のインジェクタ本体の内部空間の中心軸に対し、前記筒状のガス導入管の中心軸が、前記ガス供給孔の形成面から遠ざかる方向にずれた位置に配置されていることを特徴とするガスインジェクタ。 - 前記ガス導入管は、前記内部空間に挿入された状態となっていることにより、前記インジェクタ本体と一体となっていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のガスインジェクタ。
- 前記ガス導入口は、前記内部空間に挿入されたガス導入管の上端面に開口していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のガスインジェクタ。
- 前記ガス導入口が設けられている高さ位置は、前記複数のガス供給孔のうち、最も下方側に形成された前記ガス供給孔よりも高い位置であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか一つに記載のガスインジェクタ。
- 前記ガス導入管内の成膜ガスの圧力よりも、前記内部空間に導入された成膜ガスの圧力を低下させるために、前記ガス導入管には、成膜ガスが流れる流路を狭くする絞り部が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか一つに記載のガスインジェクタ。
- 請求項1ないし5のいずれか一つに記載のガスインジェクタを備えたことを特徴とする縦型熱処理装置。
- 前記反応容器には、前記ガスインジェクタから反応容器内に供給された成膜ガスが、当該反応容器内を下方側へ向けて流れた後、外部へ排気される位置に排気部が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の縦型熱処理装置。
- 前記ガス導入管のガス受入口へ向けて、成膜ガスを供給する成膜ガス供給部を備え、前記成膜ガスは、熱により分解してインジェクタ本体またはガス導入管の内面に膜を形成する成分を含むことを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の縦型熱処理装置。
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KR102224424B1 (ko) | 2021-03-05 |
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